The New York Herald Newspaper, August 18, 1868, Page 5

"POLITICAL, ‘(WTELLIGENCE, Tab CAMPAIGN IN THE SOUTH. Yaemocratic State Convention in North Caro- + Mma—Democratic Negroes In the Convene teu—Enthusiasm of the Democracy—Torch- ght Procession—Ratification of the New York Platform. Ravetay, N, C., August 18, 1868, Ateleven A, M. yesterday the Democratic State Convention was called to order by -ex-Governor Bragg, who made a short address congratulating the assemblage upon an early return to constitutional Uberty, in the eiection to the Presidency and Vice Presidency of Horatio Seymour and Frank P. Blair, A temporary organization was effected by the election to the chair of Mr. J. J. Davis and the appointment of two secretaries, Seventy-one counties were found to be represented, and honorary delegates from the States of New York and Pennsylvania Were present and invited to seats near tho Speaker's chair. Besides these fourteen colored delegates from the southeastern portion of the State Were conspicuous in the body, embellished as they ‘Were by many-colored democratic badges. The hall was densely crowded, many of the delegates— three thousand five hundred—being unable to gain admittance, ‘The galleries, from which hung beautl- ful featoons in the national colors, and which were @ecorated by such mottoes as “Fidelity to the Unton,”” “Fidelity to Principles,” “Seymour, Blair and the Constitution,” pictures of these candidates and ‘wreaths of evergreens and lovely flowers, were thronged by the beauty and élite of the City of the Seven Oaks, The Stars and Stripes were in the cen- tre of the house, handsomely embellished; banners @t regular distances bore democratic mottoes, and {mmediately over the Speaker's chair was a white crescent with the names of Seymour and Blair in large biue letters. Indeed, a more brilliant asseu- blage has rarely been seen. A committee of five was then appointed to perfect organization, which retired, and during its absence ex-Congressman Joseph Turner was called for and loudly cheered, He was glad to see the people of the North State alive to the great issues of the day; he was glad to see that they had shaken off the ©owardice which had taken hold of them since the close of the war. They had been afraid of Andy Johnson and Holden, of Thad Stevens and Spooney Butler, of reconstruction acts and nigger bureaus, and even now they were scared of the radical party. He could not have been induced to speak to apy other than a meeting like the present, and he ad- mMonished them to be true to themselves, to go boldly on with the work, and victory would crown their efforts. The Committee on Permanent Organization here reported, and Colonel Cowan, of New Hanover county, was unanimously chosen President of the Convention. Upon coming to the chair he thanked the body, in the name of his county, forthe honor done him. He gaid it was generally believed in the North that the fous of this State were still rebellious and dis- joyal. He denied the slander. Conquest had re- @tored the State to the Union. It was the duty of the people to accept the situation, with all its mortl- fications, losses and grievances, and, said the speaker, well and nobly have we done it; still main- taining that untarnished honor of which they were go proud. North Carolina had never violated her honor, but had faithfully carried out the require- Ments of the national government since the gurrender, She had been patient, subinissive, @ud long suffering. A recital of the wrongs and evils that had been inflicted on the State was given, and the speaker suid never was there a peopie 80 fouily slandered, so tyrannically dealt with and so crushed as were North Carolinians, while they craved ee. peace which was promised at the surrender of Lee and Jounston. The acts and works of Congress Were then reviewed and were characterized as uncon- stitational, tyrannical, despotic, made to keep a cor- rupt party in power. But there was now the risiog sun. Of the democracy, which already was shining with a bright and glorious effulgence that brought joy to the asses of the whole country. (Cheers.) Seymourand jiair were the standard bearers of the democracy, and ‘With God’s help and the wili of the peopie they would it it on the ramparts of the constitution victo- jously. No party ever had such bright prospects, and he believed that on the 3d of November Grant and liax would be beaten. The radicals believed tt, use they knew they were, corrupt and were re- judiated by the entire people of the country. He leved they woulda be beaten from the names of the Swo distinguished candidutes—one a great statesman, dhe otuer a gailant and noble soldier at ed against them. No greater enthusiasm had ever before been eae than had been by the names of Seymo vt and ir. The people were aroused and were adyane- ing to rescue their long lost liberties, and on the 3d of November the foul nest of thieves that infest the Capitol at Washington would be routed in ignominy disgrace. He wanted a restoration of peace and constitutional liberty, and thanking the Convention teok his seat amid great applause. Acommittee of fifteen was then appointed to Graft resolutions and report a platform for the demo- cracy of North Carolina. This committee retired and speaking was again resumed. Several geutle- men made spirited and telling addressea, Some of these made strong bids for the colored vote in the Presidential election, and from the manner in which this sentiment was applauded it was evidently the wish of the Convention to give the colored race all the ics the radical party had yet given them. One of the speakers p: @ glowing tribute to the soid.ers of the Union for their pallantr as foemen, their patriotism and the friendly hand they had ex- temied to the conquered Confederates. nally ‘this speaker had moshing. w ay against Grant as @ soldier, but he had lent him: toa es that was revolutionary and subversive of ali the nights guar- anteed by the constitution. Governor Grahain was then called for. He came forward and addressed the assemblage, expressing his concurrence tu the nominations of the democratic gy and approving of the piatforin framed at New fork. He acknowledged General Grant as a gallant Soldier, but. said that Grant was leagued with a bad Rar He denied that any distoyalty existed in Carolina, and the proposed Militia bill of the jicala Was a usurpation and a wanton tyranny. representation of Nort. Carolina next claimed the altention of the speaker, and after severely criticising the local issues now pending and the _ gga into the radical Legisiature, he eat 4 committee was then appointed to nominate @lectors for the State at Cyne red morning were not ready to Mr. Dobbin, son of a former vy; the Convention, ‘The Committee on Electors at Large then reported a following names, which were unanimously jopted :— jesers. C. W. Osbourne and J. J. Davis, both of ber can take the fron-clad oath. ‘wards the Convention adjourned | by to-morrow, when the Committee on Kesolu- will report. From the assembling of the Convention in the Morning and throughout the whole day large and ‘bulent crowds of negroes thronged the sirecta, ly uttering threats against the colored democrats, the sidewalks and behaving generally in 8 rderly manner, Such conduct being bi ht to notive of the officer commanding the United here, he very properly ok the oaution of eeping the men under arms and had \tinels posted at regular intervals in the streets, prevented what would otherwise inevitably have ensued. a riot, and thanks to the commandant the peace was preserved ana bioodshed averted. ‘ihe procession at night formed near the Capito ape and for brilliancy of decoration and num- bers of ‘enthusiestic democrats was unoqualled, First came the pational banner, borne aloft by ‘o- ex-Confederate colonel; next came the id, composed of Germans; then the Committee of sagen, following which were a body re- dent with transparencies of North Caroitna and le other States of the Union. The various delega- tions to the Convention came next, the fifth in the cession, bearing native pitch pine torches, which utninated the sireets through which they le i in the regular order came citizens of Kaletgh, ith beautiful transparencies made by the fair of the OR) — om i Sony 7 jes, in voiform, and e the youth, ropriate mottocs fn liluminated Tetters. The Droossta marched from tne Capital to the other extremity of the wain street of the city, then uP, Hillsboro street, back to the ; Capitol, down Newvern street, and again halted at us vared roe Sr balloons were sent on Founsing out ~~ jug the glad tidings to te sur. ‘uis brilliant procession halted in front of a female Scademy and hero Was @ seene rarely Writnessed. Cannon thundered in the midaight air, sulphurous | Shot juto the darkness of the might and e ah light from the turpentine tore! justre that was amazing. But ‘is whe bot all. On the balcony of the academy were about three hundred beautiful girls, arrayed in teas White, pure as their robes, waving White haudker- lefs ina unison that suggested a snow storm, and looking like angels of mercy and peace. Cheer upon = Log ne 4 at this unexpected sight, and un- ingly the vast procession moved past Of loveliness and beauty, a aie ee SROOND DAY'S PROCEEDINGS, ‘The enthusiasm of yesterday nearly exhansted the @nthusiasm of the democracy, and to-day the city is Sarerivey, quiet, the negroes Weing absent from r stands on the streets, No sentinels are visivie @nd a quiet reigns supreme that one would not ex- t from the excitement of yesterday. The Con- tion met atten A. M., and shortly after bei to order a series of resolutions were and unanimously adopted. were then resumed, after which a reso. hes was adopted that speakers like Senato Hendricks and other prominent ‘democrats the come to the legislature th du Oouteat, as they would cxarciag a A a eka ai aN a a a NEW YURK HERALD, TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 1868—TRIPLE SHEET. as effect that would be surprising. Attwo P, M. the Convention adjoutned sine die, ‘The Presidential Campaign in the Country~ Great Enthusiasm of the People—Meetinas Numerous and Largely Attended—Negro Clubs Organized and Organizing—The Negro Reaction as Seen, NEWNAN, Ga., August 12, 1868. Seldom, if ever before in the history of this State, have the people thereof entered into a Presidential contest with greater enthusiasm and determination than they have in the present one, Outside of the large towns this activity is particularly noticeable—the more so as the present is a busy season for work, which keeps the planters and farmers employed on their crops, thus leaving, as one would suppose, but little time for attention to politics, Yet you cannot enter a county in this State where a meeting has not just been held or is about to be held. Under the management of the State Central Committee—a very able and energetic one—barbecues at the rate of three or four a week are being given or announced to be given. These are gatherings of the people en masse, without regard to color, Frequently a bar- becue is attended by over twenty thousand persons, of whom over one-half are negroes, ‘The vast con- course is here fed, whiskeyed and addressed by nu- merous orators, who announce the democratic creed and urge vigorous efforts to win votes for Sey. mour and Blair, Not a single barbecue has yet been given but what has proved a complete success in point of attendance, good order, good feeling and the winning of hundreds of negroes from the radical ranks, ‘The minor meetings are so numerous that it would be adimMeult task to estimate them. Probably the total number will not be less than one thousand in this State alone by the time the Presidential election day arrives, I referred in a former letter to the fact that one gentleman, General W. T. Wofford, is announced to speak neariy every day during the present month. There are, perhaps, fifteen or twenty oiler well known men who are working for the democratic party at the same rate. Two noticeable features at these meetings are the moderation of the orators and their candid admissions of General Grant’s great military reputation, and though they insist that he 1s no statesman and cannot be compared with Mr. Sey- mour in this particular, regret is invariably pela at his having allied himself with the radical party. It is a fact worthy of record that the men who pa ticularly speak in this manner are ex-rebel oficers, Let me not be misunderstood. Scarcely an ex-rebel in the South believes General Grant a military genius, ASK the great mass of them who put down the rebel- lion, or Who is the best general in the Union army, and the answer will be unhesitatingly, General Sher- man. The next feature referred to tg the course pursued toward the negroes. A part of every speech is de- voted exclusively to them, and never fails to have effect, At the close of each meeting “colored con- servative clubs” are either formed or new members enrolled into existing organizations, Sometimes a white man, at the solicitation of the negroes, accepts the ofice of president of their club, and although he may never preside over them more than once they ever feel proud of and grateful for his condescension. 1 am sure it is not an over-estimate when I state that there are probably two hundred and fifty negro democratic clubs in the State and that they will aver- age over one hundred each, Scarcely a week passes without new clubs being formed, and every day adds to the number of those already organized. It will thus be seen that Georgia will almost certainly be carried for the democratic ticket, and as her nine electoral votes will assuredly be counted the canvass here becomes of as great interest as that of any other State. According to present appearances nothing short of absolute force or gross stupidity on the part of the democracy can save the radicals from an over- whelming defeat next November. While the democrats are carrying on a vigorous, aggressive campaign, the radicals continue apathetic and almost indiiferent. They are so bewildered ant confounded at the numerous desertions from the ranks of their negro allies that they have not tho heart to pursue au energetic course.” As at pr constituted the delegation im Congress from f State comprises four radicals and three democrats. Next fail L predict that the democrats will carry all but two, the Savannah and Augusta districts, and should they carry every one ft would not be a matter for surprise. leretofore the most turbulent and radieal negroes in Georgia have been those living in the counties lying between the two cities named above. They have been overbearing, insolent to the whites, neglecting no opportunity to excite a riot, though invariably whipped when they do succeed in getting up one. ‘That even in this species of Hayti the radical backbone is almost broken by desertions to the democracy is a suggestive indication of the formidable extent of the negro reaction. Nor is this abandonment of the scallawaga and carpet-baggers confined to any particular Southern State, It extends thoughout the entire South, Louisiana and South Cayolina have an overwheiming majority of registered negro. voters, yet the demo- cratic iers there buast that they will carry both States by decided majorities in the event of the people being ullowed to vote. The Alabama radicals admit that unless the Legislature casts the electoral vote they will be badly beaten, Of Flor! Arkansas and North Caro- Mna the same thing can be said. In fact, if the car- pet-bag Legislatures fail in their present efforts to choose electors for the States they pretend to repre- sent, Seymour and Blair will receive the entire forty- seven votes they are entitled to. There is no exag- geration or misrepresentation in this statement, Of course circumstances may transpire between this and the day of election gts estrange the negroes from the whites; but as things now stand I cannot perceive the sughtest chance of the radicals win- ning. ‘Afer a careful examination of the registered vote in the various Southern States I venture to give the following figures as the probable result for members of Congress. Under any circumstances the peopie are ceriain to vote directly for their representatives, the extent of the reaction wiil be seen in their Dem. Rad. _ States, Dem. Rat. 4 2 Louisiana.. 3 0 North Carolina.. H South Caroliaa,. 2 2 tptetereseseceeseses 22 a If there ts any change in these figures | am strong- ly of the opinion that .t will bein favor of the dem- ocrats, Certainly, if the pending reaction progresses in the future as it has for several weeks back, by the time the Presidential election day arrives the radical ‘ty in the South will be thoroughly and hopeless! jemoralized, And now, what does all of this indi cate? Simply, that if Grant and Co!fax are elected they must receive a majority of over forty-seven vot from the Northern and border States, If they fail to receive it they will be en, for (always premising that the peo- le of the South are allowed vote directly) e radicals will scarcely recetve the vote ef le Southern State, The reconstruction . universal negro sui acts are poet Just as the Heraip of immense oomen directed ‘agains! th political on 1 rT cl ie ical or- ganization Sanne aes oe pe being. Ney never woul lave been no reac- tion against the republicans in the North, and though the South would have voted with the democrats always she could never have transformed that party from a minority into @ majority or placed it into power, as now seems 80 very pr It does ap- r ificant and almost retributive that the poor, ignorant, debvased and penniless negroes, dupes of the Taticals, should now be turning by thousands upon and heiping to crush the life out of the party that ve them political power, againat the earpest pro- 8 and entreaties of all that is intelligeni, elevated, moral, weaithy in the South. Hada they The Financial Issue Among the Negroce— How a Radical Orator Helped to Make Conservative Nigaers—Maguificent Interpre- tation of a Plank of the Democratie Piat- form—Showers of Greenbacks Expeeted. AvGusTA, August 13, 1808, Next to hog, hominy and corn whiskey the finan- cial issue is winning hundreds of negroes to the democratic ranks. I remarked in my last letter that Sambo had no sentiment above seif-benefit. Con- sider the assertion repeated. Feed a nigger until he is ready to burst, liquor bim with whiskey com- pared with which Jersey lightning 1s as nectar to a mud puddle, dress him in @ new suit of striped pantaloons, veet and coat ef the loudest colors to be found, and the height, the summit, the anything you Iike, of his ambition ts atiained. If you wish to seo bis eyeballs roll shake a five dol- Jar bill in his face ; if you desire to make him a firm friend for life give him ten dollars, and he will stand prepared to Sght by your side, provided your oppo- nent hasn't given him fifteen. Mr. Pecksniit’s philo- sophical advice to hurrah with the biggest crowd ia well understood and practised by Pompey. He never fails to stand by those who Dave the biggost pile, Of course there are exceptions ; but they, like angels’ visits, are few and far between, Perhaps you are in doubt as to what all the fore. going has to do with the financial issues of a Presi. dential campaign, You will ascertain directly, If there is anything In the world that a nigger loves it is money. Piace a few dollars in his pocket and he Will aimoat resist the temptation of stealing a chicken, Not that he desires to hoard, for there is no more improvident and extravagant creature than he, The old saying that a fool and his money soon part company is very applicable here, as can be vouched for by several carpet-bag Senators and Rep- Fesentatives to Compress who have swindied Sambo 4nd Dinah out of all their earnings. But the nigger loves money to spend, to enable him to keep from Working, which he detests, and he now believes that whit who are the success of the democratic Waket will enable bim to | Bp with Qaort | ee ae revel in greenbacks and idleness. The way this im- reasion caine about is, a3 1 have heard it, as iol- jows:— The radicals held a meeting in Houston county some weeks ago, at which were present some three thousand negroes and four whites, the latter being the principal spokesmen. One of them, after pitch- ing into the rebels, copperheads, &c., with terrible ferocity, and lauding tie radicals, niggers, Grant, Colfax and the carpet-baggers in splendid style, took up the finaucial question, lie referred to the solemn obligations of the government to those who had lent it money to carry on the war; declared himself in favor of paying the bonds according to the “spirit of contract;” praised the radical platform on this sub- ject as being honest, just aud patriotic, Then turning to the democratic platform and Pendleton’s green- back policy, he launched forth an awful string of de- nunciations against them, which 80 astonished the bewildered darkies, who understood neither ‘head nor foot” of what he was saying, that they cheered him to the echo. Warmed up by their applause, he concluded in about this style:—‘Yes, my friends, the copperheads want to flood the country with greenbacks; they want to repudiate the debt; they want to issue money until wherever you turn greenbacks will stare you in the face.” At this sentence the niggers pricked up their ears, rolled their eyeballs, and then looked around as if expecting to see each leaf on the trees turned into a Treasury note. ‘The orator went on, “Who is in favor of tis poliey? Tell me, Lask you, ain’t you got enough greenbacks already?’ He paused, asif fora reply, and presently it came, fuli- toned, sonorous and emphatic:— “Not by a damned sight” T will not repeat the scene that followed. Suffice it to say that since that day the impression has spread like wildfire through Uils and adjacent States, and is extending throughout the South, that the democratic financial platform means the issue of unlunited quantities of greenbacks, This interpreta- tioa has taken a deep hold upon the niggers aud helped the conservative wiutes immensely. They believe that it is the intention of the democrats, should they come in power, to supply every man in the country with greenbacks, and even the amount of dollars Is tL a proof of this let me give you a short diatogue which has been repeated to me by a tu in Whose veracity 1 piace tmplicit cone ok yah, Dick, who am you a gwine to vote fer nual ection?” Dick (decisi )—I’se a gwine to vote for de cop- perhead gemmens, ‘case ef de rebels get power dey’s wivine to gib us alla tousan’-dollahs. Alu’ dat 30, mn Jim (triumphantly)—Dat's a le! Itam more; it’s five hundred. Dick (elated)—Retter yet; s'much de better, Jes a gwine to vote for Siamer aud Blaze sho. evidently meant Seymour and Bair.) ‘Third Nigger (dubiously)—Look yeah, ain’t dat jes done to foul us? Dick (indignantly)— sir-ee. Didn't our carpet- bag Yankee fren’ tell us dat in 'Uston county (:jous- ton) to: day? And didn’t ie say the *publicaus was sposed to it? ‘Third Nigger (walking away thoughtfully)—Well, if dat am true aheap ob us called folks will vote for Mr. Simmers, There, you will perceive, was a convert made; there Was another nigger added to the democratic ranks in Georgia. And bow fast do you suppose this impres- sion travels? The niggers are confirmed gossips, and in two weeks this new interp etation of the demo- cratic financial policy has probably been heard five hundred miles from the place of its birth. This, then, is one of the great causes of the rapid progress of the reaction, and nothing short of hog, hominy and corn whiskey can surpass It in influence. The radicals may tell them from morning till night that there is enough currency fi the country; they may preach iroi how to the Presiwential election of the dangers of infition; the niggers can’t see it in that light. No, sir, “not by adumued sight ! They are not tiuan- cial théorists; they believe in facts; they love money; therefore they will vote the democratic ticket under the impression that by so doing greenbacks wiil be plenti‘ul. Now, as the nigger lies on his back, with his legs bent, one Knee thrown over the oiher, beneath the shade of a tree, and ashe looks up into tie skies, the while employing his fingers busily in catching the uninentionable birds without feathers that abound, are born, live, thrive and grow fat on his kinky head, a vision of (to him) unsurpassed mag- nificence looms up into sight. He sees the demo- crats in power sending out wagons full of green- backs to be distributed among tie people, and, in imagiuation, already grasps his 5 of. ten a » Therefore wiii he yoie the copperhead mm (He t And as this reaction—this astonishing yet natural, ludicrous yet serious, harmless, though eventually dangerous, reaction—Is progressing, it is remarkable what @ change of sentiment is golng on at the same iime among the-wiites, Many democrats in the South can now be found willing to confess that the nigger is not quite 80 ignorant and does not smell quite ao bad as they had imagined. Whereas a very large number of carpet-baggers aud scalawags have discovered that many niggers are the most ignorant, debased, monkey-deseended pack of brutes in the world, smelling as vdious as poiecats or skunks. The Colored Southern People Going for the Democracy. The Woodville (Miss.) Republican publishes the following letter, written by the Rev. C, W. Fitzhugh, who is represented as “avery able and well edu- cated colored man, Who, a8 @ preacher and teacher, has done more to control the opinions of his race than any man in the South.” He was a leading member of the late Convention tn Misslaaippi: Woopvit.r, Miss., July 31, 1868, Hon. H, 8. Van Eaton, President Democratic Asso- cration:— Sir—Allow me to be; for taking sucha to you. Sir, for nearly pestinas as this, in writin, wo years | have been in this county trying to raise my peopie from a state of degradation, both morally and religiousiy. Upto this time there m no doubt that they have leovens During said time I was honored with the presidency of the Union republican party of this county, also was delegated to go to Jackson as a member of the constitutional convention; elected by a Hs pag one constituency I advocated their doc- trine and returned home. During Ld stay in Jack- son I was biessed with seeing everything that claims & part of any pee During the session of the Re- poy Nominating Convention I used every nerve have a colored man placed on the State ticket, but I was astonished at finding no chance for a colored man. I came to a firm conclusion that there was no office for any one but the Northern man, be he white or colored, ty J true principle of the republican party is ut when covered over by Northern men with their mantle of deceit [Mee from it as 1 would from an adder or the sting of a ke, ‘We call for peace—we seek peace. Can we get it’ Lanewer yes. Then the question 1s, how shall we getit? Isay most emphatically let the whites of the South and the colored man join hand fm hand and bid defiance to any man who will try to break asunder that icy of universal freedom and edu- cational ree ication to vote or hold office. ‘ir, | at the condition of the South to-day; our lands are uncultivated, our homes haye become desolated, our wives, children and fnends are je ing for bread, the whites and blacks are be led by prince. What has caused it? Allow me tosay, sir, that I have been converted to the fact that none, save those of the North, garbed in the dis- ise of the friends of the blacks, have caused it. en, I say, “away with such @ man or men.’ far are imposters on the land of good people, and will cause more blood to be split than the Union of these States ts worth, I have come to the conclusion that they are not the friends of the colored man. Look atthe condition of the blacks In this State to-day; they are Lede they go to those that claim to be their friends; y + 4 “Lam just out, Ihave y 18 pool no money, our ir party is poor, and our people are Now, sir, if ti port: two poor strings will spoil the fiddle, therefore t our people go to Lhose that will do them good. I want my people to prosper, and they never will until they go under the protecting wings of the democratic party, which will soon wield ower which It once had, and cause the welkin to ung on to victory—cause the imposters to fy as the feathers before the wind, and let this State go back again into the Union, under the doctrines of Washington, Clay, and the profound prineipies of Webster. Let us frame a constitution from Plan of the consti- tation as it now stenda, and let our motto be, “The Constitution and Seymour forever.” J leave the republican party believing it ruinous to the Union, and an enemy to the biack race, and the up-buildera of tyranny in our beloved union. More anon. CHAS, W. FITZHUGH, Massachusetts avd South Carelina=A Queer Reunion, The Salem (Mass.) Legister (respectable conserva- tive) gives the following letter from a reliable gen- tleman who has resided more than two years in South Carolina and fs in a position to know whereof he writes. He is well acquainted with many of the public men there, and his statements are the result of his observation and experience:— AlreEn, 8. C., August 9, 1868, To rue Enirons or Tit Reuisten?— It may not be uninteresting to many of your read- ers to know something of the political feeling of the South at this time and the condition of the great po- Mtical parties which are striving for the control of the government for the next four years, To understand this thoroughly it will be well to divide the yen! population into five classes:— 1, The old politicians and Jand owners who were and are theoretical secessionists, 2 The native Unionists and the former secossion- ists who accept the reconstruction measures pro- posed by Congress, 8. The Northern element which has come South since the war, and is commonly called here “carpet bagyers” and ‘“‘scallawags,’? 4. The poor whites, 6, The newly enfranchised colored people, The old politicians and secessionists to man orn the democratic party. In the success of that party they see the way to political honors and preferments again opened to them. They see that the stigma which the loyal North hos piaced upon rebellion and treason will be removed, aud that, as Judge Aldrich of this county said, 'in a niblic speech here last Tuesday, they “will be no longer called rebels and fraitors,"—in ahort, that by the success of the democratic party the last cause which they so goa! adore will be regained and that a confederac of Btates will take the pla ¢ of national unity. is class now, as in and before that date, controls the votes of poor rally it and have grown Foopeys Yer toe plaaiees add educated class of people which prevents them from opposing it politically. The other three classes, al- most in self-defence, are cornpelied to unite in sup- wt of the republican party, On the side of the emocratic party, then, fs whatever of wealth there is among the native citizens, nearly all the real ea- tate, most of the education aud an extensive Know! edge of the poiltical machinery by which great re- sults are accomplished, togetnér with a deep-seated hatred of “radicals,” “Yankees” and milliary gov- ernment, On the side of the repubitcan party is the weight which comes from numbers, the great mass of the colored people being at heart republicans, and voting with it when no intimidation is used, and the earh- es'ness of inen who, in spite of the obloquy heaped upon them, sincerely desire the restoration of lasting peace and the development of all the immense re- syurces of the South, 13 repudiation the doctrine of the democratic party North? The Southern democracy will readily ‘uphold tt, as the debt was contracted for their ‘subjugation, Is equallty of Biates the raliving ¢ itis the foundation of the doctrine of secession, Is it opposition to the just measures of the government adopted to restore the Union? The southern democracy would rejoice in their overthrow even by revolution or a warof races. Yet in spite of the tremendous efforts of the de- mocracy here, notwithstanding their organization oO. clubs, their resolutions to employ only demo- cratic negroes, their promises to those negroes Who are induced to join them, and their aMiliation with and respect shown to the colored demucratic orators, they Know well that it is at the North the struggle 13 to be decided, Itis by the efforts of thelr friends there that t expect to regain their lost cause. AS in 1560 the secession leaders told thelr people that there would be no Ughtiag, that they “would drink all the blood that would be spilled,” ‘and that seces- sion Was a peuceabie measure, because the demo- cratic party North would aid th so now they tell their followers that the great democratic party North ig going to relieve them from all the poiltical woes which they safer, It 18 useless to try to convince them that the North {s yet true and loyal to the principles of the Deciaration of Independence and to the great cause for which it gave its wealih the blood of its noblest young men, Few North their way Into the hands of even th wile the large muss of poor whites never see a news- paper at ali except at a distance, and know nothing of What goes on in the great States North. 1t Is to the North, then, that the question of seces- sion and rebellion is submitted for d Shall it be such an one as shall insure the perpetuity of the Union, the rights of mankind, the snccess of re- publican imstitutions; or shall tt be such an one’ as will make the war a faree and acrime, as wiil rob the nation’s creditors, as will virtually re-enslave the freedmen and dishonor the naine of America’ No one who reads the speecties of Southerg democrats iike Wade Hampton and Toombs, or sees the Southern newspapers, can doubt thelr sin- cerity in supporting the democratic party. With them it is indeed a life und death struggie. To let the power wich they have wielded tor years slip through their hands without mak ng a struggle to retain it would be unnatural, for, having once lost it, i will never be regained. But to have that power wielded by men of tuferior birth, by “carpet-bag- ers” and “scallawags,” 18 more than they can bear. Even a “nigger” has rights which they Will respect, if he will, at this crisis, come to their aid. On the other hand, the negroes know that their only hope lies in the success of the republican party. There are, of course, inany who wili from fear vote the democratic ticket, but @ thorough organization will unite them with the republicans and ail loyal men in the South. By their united eiforts these recon- structed States, with the ald of a republican govern- ment at Washington, can soon enter upon a new career of prosperity’ aud life, and property be as secure here uuder equal Jaws as in Massachusetts tseil. VEWS OF PROMIVENT POLITICIANS. c. C. Langdon, ©. ©, Langdon, of Alabama, spoke as follows at the democratic ratuication meeting in Mobile on the 14th tustant:— FRIENDS AND FELLOW C1T1zENS-—I thank you, from my inmost soul Lihank you, for this kind and fat- tering reception. It has been eight years—eight sad and gloomy years—since { had the pleasure of making you # political speech, but previously, during a period extending back to 1888, often, very often, was it my province to address you. You know what were my seutunents then aud with what zeal 1 de- fended them, We were divided into parties—nearly equally divided—and the conflicts between whigs and democrats were warm and carnest—often bitter and excited, And now, when | look back upon those party condicts and think how little of principle there really was at issue between the contending artes compared with the momentous issues Involved in the contest of the present day, how utteriy insigniticant do they appear. But those times are past, those struggles are ended. The terrible events of the last eigit ycars have obliterated ali the landmarks of old pardes. Comimon sufferings in acommon cause; common oppression, common insults avd common persecutions have made us a united tpl gaa) and we find ourselves here to-night, actuated by @ common tinpulse—with one mind an one heart—rallying together under the broad banner of the national democracy, a4 our only hope of de- liverance from a worse than Egyptian bondage; as the only means of restoring a violated constitution, and P eygtary d the principles of coustitutional liber- ty. The political contest on which we are now entering 18 one of transcendent Interest and ae to the people of the South, elo. involves our very existence, for if radical poll- cy is to be rpetuated wilte men cannot live in the South, We shall have no home, no country, We shall be exiles in the land of our birth. “We cannot afford to be beaten, we must not be beaten, We cannot endure even four more years of radical rule. We must succeed in the coming election, or all is lost, And now you will naturally inquire what are the prospects? Is there hope? had the honor to be your representative in the re- cent Democratic Convention at New York, and in ving an account of my stewardship I am happy to feel authorized to announce to you that there is a well grounded hope, amounting almost to a cer ag of success. I feel that we shall be successful, But in order to insure success the people, every- where, must labor earnestly and continually from this time until the arrtval of the day that is to decide the contest, And we of the South must act well our part in the great struggle. We have important du- 1es to perform, and upon this point I desire to speak to you ticularly to-night. 1 shail talk to you plainly, candidly, and in all hon- esty, and 1 crave your patient attention. But first a few words in regard to the New York Convention. Previous to its assembling many persons distrusted the democracy of the North, ana ‘were, therefore, opposed to sending delegates. For my part, Lam free to say, 1 had no feeling of dis- trust. I nad watched closely, and with intense anxiety, the action of the Northern democracy in their State Legislatures aud in the halls of Congress, and | felt that no one could doubt the sincerity of thelr professions. I cont them as tne true friends of the South and the honest advocates of a restored constitation, and [I am happy to say my confidence was not miaplaced, as attested by the noble platform adopted unanimously by the Conven- tion, And I say to you to-night that the democrauc 'y is the only party to which we of the South can jook for deliverance; the only party on which we can rely for the uity of ublican instl- tutions. That New York Convention was @ re- markable aasembiage. Not only was every State end Territory, but every Con nal district In every Stave, Lena directly represented. The delegates from the North received us of the South with the utmost cordiality and good feeling, and throughout the whole pi edings we were treated with marked kindness aud consideration. We felt that 1t was good to be there, and that so far as the democratic party was concerned the Union was restored. [had the honor of representing Ala- bama on the committee to report the form. the first meeting of the committee the time was occu- pied in yea | the various resolutions that had been referred to the committee and in discussing the ints that should be incorporated in the platiorm. fi these discussions the Southern delegates took no part. Their silence attracted the attention of the delegates from the North, and at length Mr. Stuart, from Michigan, roge and made a feeling appeal to his Soathern friends to give the committee the beneft of their counsel. He said he desired his Southern friends to feel and know that with the democratic Pog | there was no such thing a8 Inequality thirty-seven States of the Union; that here the Union is reatored, Ac., and he begged that the South should not withhold its counsel in this Important crisis in public affairs, This drew @ response irom each of the Southern States, which were responded to by different mem- bers from the North and West in terms the most kind and affectionate. I took occasion to remark for Alabama that we desired an unequivocal deciara- tion upon two points—one was that to the States alone belongs the at to reguiate suffrage, and that consequently all the legislation of Congress re- lating to suffrage within the States was in Violation of the constitulion, And the other was that all the reconstruction measures of the asl) Congress were unconstitutional and void, All promptly yleided thelr assent and declared their entire willingness to make the platform on these subjects as strong as the South desired. A sub-committee was appointed to put the resolutions in form and report the fol- lowing evening. At the second meeting the anb- committeo made its report, the consideration of which occupied the entire night, Upon recon- etruction and suffrage the resolutions were not sum clently strong and Ms it to meet the views of the Southern delegates. This fact was first noticed by Mr. Fitch, from Georgia, Who made an earnest ap- peal to the committee in behalf of the South. Gen- eral Hampton, of South Carolina, followed, and in the course of his romarks depicted the condition of his State. The simple story of her wrongs and her humiliations, presented as It was in language chaste and manner sincere, produced a deep impression upon the committee, — Every eye was suifused with And here followed @ acene that I shall never forget. General Preston, of Kentucky, followed ina few words of transcendent eloquence. Delegate after delegate from the Bast, North and West re- sponded In turn, each and ali expressing their deepest aympatiy in the condition of thelr feliow-cttiizens of the South, and h giving the earnest and solemn asaurance that no matter what might be the language of the platform, their Southern friends might rest assured that if the democratic party was successful, the odious aad unconstitutional measures of which they. complained should be set aside and the ag yee. Cy Pe ead be he po rights in the Union, Mr. Stuart, of Michigan, then proposed to nr Ring rene recotiatructia tre unconstita revolutionary and void,” and anked bis Sou ern friends it that would be — tory general FeopoReD suas 1 Never re did @ people have 60 much at stake. It So all of us agreed, and those words now stand in the platiorm, That portion relating to suffrage was proposed y Senator Kayard, of Delaware, and in- serted on his motion, Such isa brief history of the matter, I have given it to you toshow how cor- dually our democratic friends of the North sympathize with us, and further to show now that they can be relied a on to stand by us until ourrights are fully restored, At this point the despatch from Montgomery an- nouncing the: veto of the Electoral College bill by Governor Smith was handed to Mr. Langdon, which was read to the audience by the President, exciting much lauguter and applause. ‘The portion relating to the antics of Mr, Coon particularly excited much merriment, Mr. Langdon continned—For the information of my old line whig friends present, as well asin justice to the memory of an old friend, | wish it duatinety understood that the Coon referred to in the despatch is not “that same old coon” which led us to victory in the ever memorable contest of 1840. ‘That glorious “oid coon” was a native Southerner, neither a carpet- bagyer nor a scalawag, and no kin whatever to the anitnal now cavorting In the Montgomery menagerie. But to return, have given you @ history of the plat- forms, and now of the nominations. You know how they were accomplished. ‘That after twenty-one inet feciual ballots, during which not an unkind word was uttered, Horatio Seymour was unanimously nominated amid the wildest enthusiasm, and that with equal unantinity and eatiusiasm General Francis P, Blalr was on the first ballot nominated President, ‘These nominations have ved with the greatest enthusiasm tn all sections of the country, ana I have no doubt will be triumphantly elected,” We have the nobiest plat- form ever presented and candidates worthy of the PSSER. Both plattorm and candidates are en- irely acceptable to the South—indeed, all we could ask. And now what are we to do? And here per- init me to remark that this canvass must be con- dueted by us of the South with che greatest prudence and cireumspection. This battle 13 to be mainly fought and decided by our friends in the North, We must bear this constantly in mind and keep conatant guard on speech and act, lest by Imprudeuce or from excitement we furnish the enemy with weapons to be used against the democratic party. [tis charged he radicals that the South is rebellious still red would inaugurate another clvil war; U jon is not abandoned; that the lives nion men are not safe here; that we hate and ecute the negro and would = re-establish ery. These charges—unqualitedly and basely faise “as we know them all to be—furnish the with their entire capital for the this canvass, Deprive them of this tis easy and certain, Our friends of exceedingly anxious on this subject. ypeal to us not to load them with any burdens prosecutor hey appealed ew Yo to yo ny for three years borne up, with a patien and forbearance that command the admiration of the world, under the unparalieled t y that has been imposed upon you. Practi me sublime viriues but four short months more—bear, forbear and endure, and rest assured deliverance will surely come. Will we not heed this appeal It comes froin rl And now let me appeal to those who may led on to speak to the people to say as little as poasible about tne late war, tts Incidents, or the no- ble daring of our heroes, It is not necessary either to the memory of the noble dead or to the reputation of the gatlant living. Both are enshrined in our heart of hearts. But the war is ended, and our mission and the mission of our party, now is, peace—peace and fraternal affection between the late contending sections, “Let us have peace.” The charge of hos- tility to Union men is one on which our enemies greatly rely to influence the minds of the people of the North against us of the South. Upon this point our patience and forbearance have been more sorely tried han on any other. The great ohject of the radical leaders 1s to 80 insult and oppress us as to provoke a resort to violence. ‘The riot In New Or- leans two years ago, instigated, as is well known, by tl ives for the purpose of ‘operating on the elec+ tions, caused the triumph of the radieat party in the elections of that year, They are trying to induce a repetition of those scenes now, here, in New Orleans and in other cities of the South, We have sutfered almost beyond endurance from the tmpudence of the vile scoundrels who have come aimong us from the North, and who have been en- ga ed in plundering the negroes, and, by xéiiing their prejudices aginst the whites, to inaugurate @ war of races, These crea tures ure appointed to fill our offices and mak our Jaws, and are tolerated by the government in all their deeds of Infamy, Hated and despised as they are, we must bear and forbear. I would not hurt a hair of their worthless heads, I would not tiat they should die at our is, Ob, no, by no meaus, The punishment would be too light. Kather Jet them live until the South is restored, and then doom them to a perpet- ual living death, writhing under the burning, bits- tering scorn of an insulted and indignant people, Let them live. While I thus speak of the abandoned wretches known as “carpet-baggera,” we all know there is no hostility to Northern men who come among us and conduct themselves as genticmen, We have many such among us, and are proud of them as citizens. All such we welcome with open arms and 0) hearts. But, of all the false charges preferred against us, that of hostility to the negro 1s the most unjust and unnatural, When we contem- pla e conduct of the negroes during the trying: period of the Jate war we can indulge in no feeling of hostility, In those trying times it frequently occurred ‘that all the white men of the house- hold were absent on the fleld of battle, while the wives, daughters and helpless children were left at home, with no protector save the faithful slaves on the plantation, And during those long and dreary nights the helpiess ones slept quietiy and well, fearing no harm so long as the faithful 1 dere were at hand to protect them, And they did not confide in vain, And it 18 a wonderful truth that during the whole four years of the war, with an enemy in our midst inciting them to Insurrection, not a hostile hand was raised by the trusted negro against his white friends. Such fidelity the world has never before witnessed, You, people of the South, who know the truth of what J say, know and feel that there is not nor can there be auy other feeling than kindness and affection for such a peo- ple. But we would reduce thei to slavery! Aud ho less @ personage than Senator Morton, of Indi- ana, in @ recent speech at Indianapolis, made the un- qualified assertion that if the democratic party were successful slavery would be re-established, He knew it to be false, but I have nodoubt many of his hearers believed it to be true. Now, we know how utterly faise it is, and I hope that in all the resolutions that may be adopted at our public mectings it may be em- phaticaily declared that no such design exists. We all here Know how false it is—that there is no one in the South who has the remotest idea of re-estab ish- ing slavery. Wecannot do it, nor would we if we could. And now permit me to make a few remarks upon a subject of great practical interest at this resent time. It isa fixed fact that the negro is go- ing to vote, and it 13 very ceriain that in the coming election he will vote for either Grant or Seymour. It is equally certain that if we make no eifort to prevent it he will, under the influence og the carpet-baggers, vote for Grant. Now, if we will take the trouble to expiain this matter to the negroes and show them that itis to their interest to vote the democratic ticket there is no doubt tnat they will do s0, Under these circumstances what should we dot T have no hesitation in giving it as my opinion, that we should act upon the state of things as it exists, and at once go earnestly at work to secure their vote on the side of the white men of the South, Now we have the negroca among us, and they must ever remain here. ‘They will either be our friends or our enemics. It is for us to determine which position they shall occupy. We can secure thelr friendship, and we shall be false to our own interests and to their welfare if we fail to do it. To my, colored friends, large numbers of whom I am gratified to see around pe I have a few words to gay. I will talk to you plainly and in all Kindness, Youare now and are always to remain free. There is no power on earth that can reduce you to slavery. In this changed condition important duties and responsibilities devolve upon you. You are free to decide for yourselves as to your course of action on all matters connected with your taterests. You desire to do right, but you are uneducated and ignorant and liable to be led astray. You need counsel and advice aad to be cautious in the sel tion of your advisers, We recognize the fact that you aré entitled to vote in elections, and we are not —goln; to deprive you of this rigit, but we ask that you take the advice of those whom you know to be your friends. Aud these friends are the white men of the South, among whom you have always lived, and who feel @ deep interest in your welfare, rather than those Northern adventurers who have no home here, and no interest, except to plunder you of your hard earn- ings. interests of the white man of the South are your interests. What helps him helps you; what injures him injures you. We mast stand or fall to- ther, We must act together; we must be frienda, n important election is at hand, and I beseech you to unite with your only friends, the white men of the South, in the support of the democratic ticket, Form democratic clubs among yourselves and co-operate with us in onr Iabors to secure the €lection of Seymour and Blair, Stand by us and we will stand by you and protect you from all harm. Those who prefer to go with the carpet-baggets must take their chances with them, They must not look to us for friendship, succor or support, Think of these things, my friends, and try to act wisely aud we And now, my friends and feliow citizens, I have but @ few more words to say. I know I have detained you too long, and I am myself exhausted in the effort to make self heard throughout this vast assemblage, he events of the past few years have produced a feeling of de- dency in many a Southern bosom, It is not we that it should be so, for we have suffered ag nm Fone ever suffered before, and our sufferings still continue. But, thank God, the sunghine of hope already gilds the political horizon, and I feel assured that the fime is near at hand when our sufferings shall cease, when (he manacles which now bind us shall be stricken from our limbs, and we shall be again permitted to breathe the air of freedom. In hours of gloom and despondency many of our friends here have been dis) to despair of the republic. Often have I heard the exclamation that republican vernment was a failure and that our only hope was Dn a kingly government. I have never permitted myself to induige in such gloomy forebod ings, My friends, we must not despair, The principles of con- stitutional government are too precious to be given without a struggle. We must exert all our ener- ies to wave the BN) gear and ‘He who ruleth ali fiings well” will emile wy ae with 5 pon our eforte and reward — POLITICAL AFFAIRS IN MARYLAND, ~ BALTivons, August 16, 1868, Tao COMOnEHW Rare, a) thols remning menting ihe other night, passed resolutions dropping the word “conservative,” and henceforward intend to staad or fall upon the single but potential name, in a partisan sense, of “democracy.” They are busy aa bees, working like beavers, Ex-Governor Bradford, who now fills the office of Surveyor of the Port, worth $5,600 a year, and was appointed by President Johnson, is preparing the e address of the conser’ cs who lately withdrew trom the democracy, It will be an abie paper. He goes for Grant aud Colfax, This promises to be quite @ formidable movement. Nothing, however, can prevent the democrats from carrying Maryland by a large majority, though the republicans are datly gaining strengt, There ia such an intense hatred Of negro suffrage and negro equality that very many are prepared to forego all else to oppose it. The contest between Governor Swann and Robert J. Brent to obtain the nomination for Congress in the Third district, composed of the thirteen upper wards of Baltimore, is waxing very strong. My impression is Brent will come out ahead, fie has been a life long democrat, Swann is not considered suficiently wool-dyed. Colonel Phelps, the present member, has retired from the contest. POLITICAL NOTES, The Mobile Register says of the democratic ratifica- tion meeting in that imposing popular demonstration was never wit- nessed in this city, It had two remarkable features: First, perfect unanimity, and second, absolute spontaneity. There was no drumming of recruits to fil! the long line of procession, no artiftcial forcing of a@ simulated enthaslasm, but a general outburst of feeling, of hope and aspirations for deliverance, long pent up. Stanton has taken the stump for Grant, “Seymourners” is the latest name given to the democrats by Western radicals, The Southern cry is a “white man for the White House."? A Mobile paper says the ‘Congressional Legisla- ture at Montgomery is playing the deuce.’? More likely the tray—carpet-bagger, scallawag and nig- ger, with a “little joker’ in the shape of a ring-talled coon from Towa to fll up the political sweat-cloth, The Charleston Mercury refers to a certain Con- federate general “who filled his four horse teams with whiskey, sugar and cloth out of the Commia- . sary and Quartermaster’s Departments for his own use, in his retreat through South Carolina, when his men and officers of the line were without either transportation for the sick or food for the well.’ This is a serlous charge from such asource, Will the “artist” of the Mercury out with the name of this unworthy Confederate general ? The New Orleans Picayune gives the following as illustrating the degree of hard work the colored mem- bers of the Louisiana Legislature have to undergo:— Riding down in a car yesterday we overheard a conversation between a negro member ef the Legis- lature and his companion of the same color, The latter asked him how he spent his time these warm days. Oh,’ said the lawmaker, assuming what he intended should be a very dignified posture, “you see I goes to the Legislature at eleven o'clock and stays thar till two, when I generally feels very tired; 80 I goes down to the lake, es & bath and then eats dinner. That’s pretty hard work, but I man- ages to stand it. The pay’s moderate, you know.” The “Blair Knights” is the name of a New Orleans political club, Its principal business is to make nights hideous, The New Orleans Piecy the Southern negroes ne pos tively insists that » fast fading out that ihe native Southern their best friends, and desert- ing their whilom Northern friends, ‘They are beginning to like the “Boys in Blue’ fo Texas Witness what the Au-Alur Vedetle in Hous- ton as), August 7, says:—A slanderous wretch of the Austin Convention for defaming the ladies of that city was knocked down a few days ago by Ser- geant George Byrne, @ non-commissioned officer of the Sixth United States cavairy. A United States soldier resenting an insult to the ladies of the South | Who says the era of good feeling has not begun? Says an Eastern radical paper:—Several demo- cratic papers have lately expressed the desire that Wade Hampton would come North and take the stump for Seymour. We say not Hampton only, but also Mr, Robert Toombs and Captain Raphael Semmes mes, and Governor Vance, Governor Wise, and Cobb, and General Forrest and General Beauregard and other leading Confederates who have lately been speaking for Seymour; and when they come North let them deliver speeches of the same sort as they have been delivering ai the South, and the republi- will pay half their expenses. General John L. Swift has resigned his place as Deputy Collector in the Boston Custom House and will stump Maine for Grant and Colfax until the State election, Swift resigns to make on the next quarter, O’Beirne is en route from Washington to Utica. What for? ° THE CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROAD AND ITS SUBSIDIES. SAN FRANCISCO, August 1, 1868, The silence of the Eastern press in regard to the transactions of the Central Pacitic Ratiroad Com- pany is very remarkable, in view of the magnitude of the company’s operations, On this coast the political and moneyed Influence of the Central Pacific Railroad Company is so great that our Lewspapers either endorse or preserve an humble silence in respect to every act of the company. This company, in connection with two other wealthy corporations, controls almost absolutely our elections. In fact, the members of Congress from this State and the State of Nevada represent these corporations rather than the people. Through the press aad by the assist- auce of suborned politicians the magnitude of the undertaking and the cost of the construction of the west end of the Pacific Railroad were go sys- tematically exaggerated that Congress was induced to waive the right of the government to the security of a first mortgage for the bonds issued by it and to permit the company to tissue preferred bonds to an amount equa ling the government subsidy—a privi- lege which at once converted what was intended to be a government I into an absoiute gift, for no one, and least of all the president of the com- pany, 1s slily enough to think that the com. pany, will “ever redeem tie bonds irsned the government to aid the construction of the road. Not satisfled with this forfeiture by the government of all security for its advances, the com- pany, through its representatives at Washington, In- juced Mr, Lincoln and the Secretary of the Interior to locate the toot of the Sierra Nevada mountains at @ point about twelve miles east of Sacramento city, under which ruling the company received govern- ment bonds at the rate of $44,000 per mile for the batiding of forty miles of road over a country as fa- vorable for the construction of @ railway as the aver- age of railroad routes tn the United States. The tri- plication of the mileage subsidy was crearly intended to apply only to the heavy work of those sections of the road tprecey | the higher mountain ranges; yet this triple subsidy has been paid, with tts compile. ment of an equal amount in preferred bonda, for the construction of long sections of road over a com- paratively level country. The road is cheaply con- structed and bullt as fast ag possible to secure the mile. age eo ‘The work ts principally done by China- men, working for eighty cents per day and fiadin themselves, notwithstanding the fact that the high owes of labor in California was made a@ special pre- ence to enable the company to obtain a favorable consideration of thelr demand by the autuorittes at Washington, Leaving out of consideration the immense grant of pubite landg secured to the company, the stock sub- scription of $550,000 by the countics of Placer and Sacramento and the guarantee by the State of Call- fornia of seven per cent per annum on $12,000,000 for twenty years, and considering only the gift to the company of $400,000 In gold by the city of San Fran- cisco, the national subsidy and the proceeds of the preferred bonds, the company has received thus far more money than it hag expeuded iu tue construction of the road, If retrenchment ta the policy at Washington, here is an be pegs of to economize and be just atthe me time. There is no danger that in making tho bsldy subject to the clear intent of the law the completion of the road will be delayed. The endow- Ment will still be so magnificent that the race be+ tween the eastern and western companies to obtain I age share of it will be vigorously main __ NAVAL INTELLIGENCE, The United States steamer Marblehead, Lieutenant Commander Le Roy Fitch commanding, arrived at this port yesterday from a@ cruise about the West Indies, The following ia @ list of her oificers:— Licutenand Commander—Le Roy Fitch, command: ing. Acting Yolunteer Lieutenant ana Exeoutive Of cer-—W, W. Crowninshield, doting Master and Navigator—M. V, B. Maines, Acting Assistant Surgeon—Keaven Smith, pn Pa * a ~ la Torveel. Acti F, Elims and J. 0, 1, Wilim ' ey a J.B Raynor, Peter OU leo es. st Assistant, in charge, Davia Coster Recona, Abeta, Pe: ust wy GC. ; Sapiens Carker!, Ha SA0biiy is 4, . —gooe