The New York Herald Newspaper, September 18, 1867, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD, JAMES GORDON OcaeTT: PROPRIETOR. JAMES CORDON BENNETT, JR. MANAGER. BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. All business or nows letters and telegraphic despatches (must be addressed Naw Yoru Hurao. Letters and packages should be properly sealed, Rejected communications will not be returned. TR EUROPE. port by the Atlantic cable @ay evening, September 17. King Witham of Prussia’ is to review the army of ‘Baden in Rastadt. Prussia and Austria are negotiating © commercial treaty, to facilitate trade between North Germany and the empire. The United States frigate Minnesota was at Lisbon. A number of American divines were in attendance at the Pan-Anglican Episco- pal Synod ia London. Colonel Kelly, a Fenian military leader, was arrested in Manchester. The Irish Fenians made a parade at the funeral of a deceased member in Belfast. Consols closed at 945; for money in London. Five. twenties were at 73 1m London and 76% in Frankfort. The Liverpool cotton market closed quiet with wid- dling upiands at 95; pence. Breadstuifs strong at the close, Provisions slightly higher. y By the Cunard steamship Russia, at this port yester- day, we have interesting mail reports in detail of our cable despatches to the 7th of September. THE CITY. The Quarantine Commissioners and examining ongi- heers went down the bay yesterday to inspect the foun- dation for the new Quarantine buildings proposed to be erected on the West Bank in the lower bay. The work was apparently satisfactory to the examiners. The Min- nesota, from Liverpool, arrived yesterday with a species of cholera on board which is not exactly Asiatic, bat which the surgeoa of the vessel designated as English cholera, Sixteen deaths occurred during the voyage, ‘and the vessel was ordered to the lower bay for the usual time, ted yester- ‘The inquest in the boiler explosion case in West Twenty-eighth street was commenced before Coroner Wildoy yesterday, Several witnesses testified that the engineor was a sober man. Mr, Reynold engineer, testided that the general plan of the boiler was bad, and was the primary cause of the explosion, He also testified that there was no appearance of neglect in its care or management. The boiler inspector of the Metropolitan Police Department testified that he had not inspected the boiler, because he had only just received notice to do so when tne explosion took place. The further investigation was postponed to Friday next. The Board of Audit beard a large number of claims yesterday, but they were devoid of public interest. The Cincinnati Common Counci! will arrive in this city this afternoon on a visit. Dr. Harris, in his weekly letter, states that five hun- dred and twelve deaths occurred in New York iast week, and one hundred and seventy-two in Brooklyn. The stock market was dull yesterday morning, but afterwards became active and strong, closing steady at an advance. Government securities were dull, Gold was firm, and closed at 144%; a 14454. es MISCELLANEOUS. Our telegraphic advices from Mexico city are dated September 2 Admiral Tegethoff had arrived and nad boon well received by the government, The sequel of his interview with Juarez was given in our telegraphic advices of a later date yesterday. Our jetters from Mexico city are dated August given a dinner to Juarez and his ( published a denial of the authenticity of his letter against foreigners. Castillo and all the generals at Querétaro sentenced to be shot had been pardoned, Marquex is reported at Yucatan at the head of some rebel Indians, Santa Ana's court martial was being organived at Vera Cruz. The Austrian corvette Novara had sailed from Havana for Vera Cruz under orders from Admiral Tegethof forwarded to Havana by the steam yacht Elizabeth. By the arrival of the steamer Raleigh we have re- ceived our Havana correspondence, dated September 12, Senor Montecattini had sailed for the United States, being charged by the St Domingo government with sundry commissions, the nature of which were not known, The receipts of the Cable Company on the first day it was thrown open to the public amounted to about $2,000, independent of the press despatches. The dedication of the National Cemetery at Autie- tam took place yesterday. President Johnson, a large number of the diplomatic corps aad several Governors of States, together with @ numerous attendance of dis- tioguished gentiemen were present Governor Swann, of Maryland, presided, and after the laying of the corner stone was over, ox-Governor Bradford, of Mary- land, delivered lengthy oration, describing the battle of Antietam and lauding the valor of the Union troops. Upon the care- monies being concluded President Johnson was in- troduced and received with applause. He spoke briefly, earnestly praying that as the dead on the field slept in peace, co would the living dwell together in peace. After the departure of the President aad most of the officials a crowd called out Governor Geary, of Pena. syivania, who made a speech, as did also, afterwards, Governor Fenton. The assembly then dispersed. In the Constitutional Convention yesterday, a resolu- tion providing for three sessions daily was adopted. The Coevention then went into Committee of the Whole on the Gnances and canals and the section prohibiting the levying soy tax for purposes of internal improve ments without Grst submitting the question to « vote of the people, wasstncken out. Resolutions calling for information of the Metropolitan Police Commissioners, the Board of Excise and the Fire Department in regard to the number of men employed respectfully in each de- partment, and o(ber statistics, were severally laid on the table. The Massachusetts State Temperance Convention met a Worcester yesterday, and was permanently organized by the choice of the Rev. Dr. Eddy, of Boston, as Presi: dent, Senator Wileon was jutrodaced and made a speech of some length. Kesolutions strongly denonncing all liq@or license laws, and accepting the work of prohibi- sion ag & worthy aim for those who brought about eman- cipation were adopted Six thousand barreis of whiskey were seived by the Cotlector at Buffalo yesterday, which it was supposed were about being placed om the market without pay- ing the usual tax, The property belonged to Jona F. Perry, only shipper of whiskey in that district, Information bad been receited from Bostoa by the Collector which ied bim to believe that heavy ship. Monts offillicit whiskey bad been made from Buffalo, and extensive forgeries committed in the former city ia the signing of receipts for the same at the ware- houses Six prominent citizens are reported to have been arrested in Boston for alleged conmection with the nefarious proceeding. It ts said that Mr, Washdarne, of Tilinois, has been called to Washington by the radical committee, to pre- vail on Grant to say something radical, Geoeral Ord, commanding the Fourth district, bas iasued orders forbidding assembiages of armed citirens, and requiring rebels returned from voluntary exile fo report and be paroled, The Acting Secretary of War has approved the sen- tence of a court martial which dismisees Captain Charies Brown, of the Thirty-seventh colored troops, with loss of all pay and allowances; forever disqu: sand dollars, imprisons him until the fine is paid, and Publishes bis name and place of abode and the sentence in the newspapers of Massachusetts and North Carolina, all for appropriating the proceeds of the sales of govern. ment property to bis own use, An itlicit distillery was seized in Obioon Saturday whieh had been running for sight montns 19 # coal mise two hundred fees under ground. a a NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY SEPTEMBER 18, 1867.—TRIPLE SHEET. Governor 0, P. Morton, of Indiana, expresses his opinion on the public finances by contending that the debt ought not to be paid in greenbacks, but should be paid when better times prevail, the rate of taxation being for the present reduced to what ts necessary for actual expenses and interest on the securities. A ety from New Orleans arrived at the Boston Quarantine yesterday with fellow fever on board. Gen- eral Spinner, the United States Treasurer, it is eaid, in anticipation of the probable desertion of Mobile by the Treasury employés on the approach of the yellow fever, bas withdrawn the government funds at that place. The Union Pacific Railroad fs @nished four hundred and sixty, and the Kansas branch four hundred and seventy miles west of the Missouri river, Advices from the Indian country contain the usual account of stealing and scalping at the hands of the savages, The citizens of Montana demand that the government shall protect them or let them protect themselves. In the meantime, pending the action of the Peace Commissioners, the troops have sounded a truce. Oficial returns from four hundred and sixty towns in Maine show the majority for Chamberiain to have been 11,704, the same towns last year giving the same man, ‘against the same opponent, 27,706, which shows a falling off in the republican majority of 16,002. Three brothers in Posey county, Ind., injured by the explosion of a sh fourth was killed, ng Pennsylvania State’ Election— The Prospect. The late signal defeat of the republicans in California, and the heavy cutting down of their majority in Maine, have inspired the democracy throughout tbe North with some faith in the resurrection, and in Pennsylvania and New York with lively hopes of success in their coming State elections. The fight, which will be very apt to determine the result in New York in November, is to come off in Pennsylvania in October. We shall have, therefore, a stirring battle in “the old Keystone,” especially as upon the issue will hinge, toa great extent, the prospects of the opposition elements for the grand Presidential contest of next year. What is the prospect, then, for Pennsylvania in this coming October election? There is nothing more important than a Judge of the State Supreme Court to be chosen by the general vote of all the counties in this election; but this will do as a test of the popular voice on the great national issues of the day. If the democrats do as well as they have done in Maine they will gain a decisive victory; for last year, upon the largest vote ever cast inthe Commonwealih, running hard upon six bhun- dred thousand, General Geary, a favorite sol- dier, upon the popular platform of the consti- tutional amendment submitted from the Thirty- ninth Congress, carriéd the State against an unpopular candidate by only seventeen thou- sand majority. Looking, therefore, at the recent resulis in California and Maine, there is a very fair prospect for a republican defeat on their new radical and revolutionary plat- form of universal negro suffrage and negro supremacy. From 1840 down to last October the political fluctuations of Pennsylvania have been very remarkable. In 1836 the overwhelming demo- cratic Keystone majorities rolled up in the name of Andrew Jackson had been cut down to less than five thousand for Van Buren, Old Hickory’s anointed successor. In 1840 Van Buren’s financial disasters turned even Penn- sylvania against him, although it was by the tight fit of three hundred and forty-nine major- ity for Harrison. But that sufficed to break the charm of democratic invincibility. In 1844, against Henry Clay, however, the State was regained for “Polk, Dallas and the tariff of 1842” by six thousand majority. In 1848 the scale was turned again by Van Buren’s defec- tion, and General Taylor carried it by two thousand votes over the combined vote of Cass and Van Buren. In 1852, on Clay’s great com- promise measures, poor Pierce cacried the State against General Scott by twenty thou- sand, and had poor Pierce and the democracy held fast to that adjustment they would, per- haps, have had unbroken reign in Washington to this day. From 1852, however, in consequence of the violation of their pledges to the country on the slavery question, the democracy began to go down bill rapidly. In 1856, even “with Penn- sylvania’s favorite son” as their candidate, and with the opposition elements clashing and dis- tracted between Fremont and Fillmore, the State was saved to Buchanan by only a thou- sand majority on the total vote. In 1860, from the grand smash-up of the democracy at Charleston and Baltimore, the republicans, with their popular champion, Abraham Lin- coln, carried Pennsylvania (no more extensions of slavery) by: the astounding majority of sixty thousand over all the broken democratic frag- ments counted together. That was the prac- tical beginning of the political revolution which culminatéd in the total abolition of slavery. In 1862, on account of the misfortunes and blunders of Mr. Lincola’s administration, in the war for the suppression of the Southern rebellion, New York and Pennsylvania went by default for the democracy—the latter State, on @ deficient vote of one hundred and fifty thousand, being carried by three thousand democratic majority. But in 1863 the repub- licans, on @ pretty full vote, regained the State by fifteen thousand. In 1864 Mr. Lincoln held it by twenty thousand; and last year, as we have said, on the largest popular vote ever cast in the State, and with a favorite soldier and a platform which left the issue of negro suffrage to the several States, where it properly belongs, the republicans held their: ground by seventeen thousand majority. We have only, therefore, to say, in conclusion, that, consider- ing the fluctuations in the vote of Pennsylva- nia which we have recited, and the recent elections elsewhere, and all the signs of the times, the republicans will probably lose the Keystone State this fall; that if they lose it they will next lose New York, and that in losing both these great States in 1867 the counter revolution setting in against them will whirl them out of power in 1868, unless they seasonably retrace their steps on these danger- ous issues of universal negro suffrage aad negro supremacy. The Co ‘The Herald and the Associated Press. We do not know whether the understrappers of the Associated Press and the printers’ devils of the Times, and Trilune, and World, and Express, &c., with the “cutter” of the Sun are the same persons. We do not know, nor do we care to know. A great deal, we observe, is being made by these understrappers of the Proposed retirement of the Heaatp trom the Associated Press. It is called a “bluff.” Time will tell whether it is » “ bluff” or not The Heraty would not be the Heaato if it were not in the habit of making its purpose good. What it says it will do it docs. The Herald and the Asseciated Press, There is trouble in some quarters as to what we are to do in relation to the Associated Press. We hear from one direction that we are not going out, and from another that we are; and the public, if it gives the topic any attention, may well be puzzled to know what are our purposes—or, indeed, if wehave any. All this interest in our movements is not unaccount- able, It is certainly natural that some poverty- stricken radical sheets should represent that we are to stay in—sheets that are losing both sub- scribers and advertising patronage; up and down whose columns one may follow a few advertisements that look bewildered and lone- some in their isolation, like scattered mustangs of the prairie driven from the herd, Such sheets may naturally say that we are to continue in the Associated Press; for the reputation of our adhesion isa strength to that machine. But for the satisfaction of whoever wishes to know the truth ; for papers East, if they wish to know ; for papers West, if they wish to know; and for papers South, if they wish to know, we take this occasion to declare positively that we are going out of the Association. We began life with some different ideas from those that now guide our acts. We went into business with partners then. But we found that would not do. We always had to kick the partners out, or they kicked us out Coming to this city, we resolved to go it alone, and did so. For years we fought the Associated Press, and for years we beat it; but at length, at the solicitation of its members, we became part of that news firm, and we have had enough of it. We have kept the straw-made papers alive on our news, News gathered from every quarter of the globe, at other expenses than thoze of money, we have been compelled to share with all the papers of this city, who could pay the pittance toward the mere money outlay but could’ make no payment for the expense of energy, foresight, tact or judgment involved, all of which, there- fore, went for nothing—which we had to give away, thus putting our rivals on the same level with ourselves in things the most es:en- tial to success. It is due to our readers and to the true spirit of journalism, no less than to ourselves and to the devotion and esprit de corps of our correspondents everywhere, that this should stop. Men have exposed them- selves to the fate of battle that the Henao might wjn because their own pride was invested in it, and have seen that they only secured the success of some vague entity of an association for which they cared nota pin. So they have faced death in the form of this latest scourge of yellow fever with the same result. And this shall happen no more. We are going out of the Association. It may fight us if it will— that is a trifle ; and they who do not choose to fight us may go out with us. Chase and Johnson. ‘ What sre the exact political relations be- tween Andrew Johnson and Salmon P. Chase? As one is the idol of violent radicals, and the other the bugbear of radicalism, they ought to be, politically, as far as pole from pole—types, indeed, of the extremes of difference in public sentiment. But are they? On the contrary, some facts indicate that these worthies under- stand each other very well. Who, indeed, was it but the Chief Justice that furnished Mr. Johnson with the only respectable weapon he has yet employed against the reconstruction laws? The country will remember that Mr. Chase persistently refused to hold a court in Virginia, for the good and sufficient reason that the State was subject to military authority ; yet Mr. Chase did not wait for military to give place to civil authority before he held a court in North Carolina. Why the difference? If the Teason was good for one State was it no®@ good for the other? It isa significant circumstance that the judgments given by Mr. Chase in North Carolina are what Mr. Johnson stands upon in the new opening of the dispnte against the military laws and in the removal of Sickles. What is Chase’s position in this muddle? Was his holding the courts and making a caée for Johnson only a great piece of stupidity? or was it a political move—a thing done for a con- sideration not apparent to the public, but which they may guess at who know Mr. Chase’s interest in keeping up the present revenue system, and know also that if Mr. Johnson were inclined he could so easily sweep that system away? Again, we inquire, what are the rela- tions between these two men? Who will The Approaching Associated Press Fight= fleratd ve. Tribune, Times, &c. A good many old wiseacres and veteran ob- servers are needlessly agitated upon the mo- mentous question, what will be the upshot of the approaching fight between the New Yorx Herat on the one side, and the anti-Hzratp coalition on the other? Some, remembering how we demolished, like Napoleon, all the hos- tile coalitions formed against us in times past, think the Heratp will win ; others, of the vege- tarian school, have faith in the peculiar kinks and crotchets of the Tribune, and there are some who think that the “Minor Topics” of the Times will get the victory. But what is it all about? It is to be a fight or a race for the current news around the circuit of the globe. Our contemporaries of the Holy Alliance against us thiok they can at last swing round this circle without the assistance of the Herat. Who, then, is to have the news of the world to the exclusion of the other side? Who is to have the news? Shall it be the Heratn, that awful sheet, denounced, admired, rejected and sought after on every side, and read by everybody, or the Times, Tribune or some other rival whose merits are measured by the size of the shell and not by the quality of the kernel? Atany rate, we shall not shrink from the conflict ; and look- ing to our brethren of the East and the West, and the North and the South, for fair play, we are ready for them, and will start at the tap of the dram. ‘The Fall Fashions. As the ladies return home from their sojourn- ings daring the summer among the mountains and at the watering places, the modists are preparing their fall fashions in accordance with the latest proclamation of Dame Fashion. In another colamn of the Heratp will be found a full account of these preparations. Each lady reader will doubtless be relieved of @ consider able load of anxiety and care when sbe learns what the commands of the chameleon goddess are, and that there will be little change in the most important items of hor toilet. Bonnets, having reached the utmost limit of diminutive ness, are again looming up in sise, to the great delight of the modisie, whose prices will be regulated accordingly. A diadem front and flat crown are something more tangible than piece of tulle, a flower anda ribbon. -Cloaks will be longer and dresses narrower this win- ter. The animal, vegetable and mineral king- doms are ransacked for trimmings, and any Indy who imagines that » leas amount of material will require less money for s dress will find herself greatly mistaken when she inspects the bill for trimmings. Some of the fall styles, however, are very becoming, and will certainly find favor in the eyes of the votaries of fashion. Reconstruction in Europe. We live in a peculiar age. It is the age of steam and electricity and printing, of revolu- tions and of public opinion; but dominant as are these characteristics, it may with the utmost propriety be described as the age of recon- struction. Reconstruction is the dominant question in the New World. From the Gulf to the Arctic Ocean, from Halifax to San Fran- cisco, in Mexico, in the United States, in the Canadas, reconstruction is the all-absorbing topic of discussion. A little later, and recon- struction will equally be the condition of South America, from Panama to Cape Horn. As to the character of the America of the future, ‘we are not debarred from indulging the very highest hopes ; but time and skill and toil and sacrifice will all be found necessary before the various States and nations have settled down into a satisfactory and healthful condition. When reconstruction shall be com- pleted we may not have reached the millennium, but we shall certainly have advanced to a bet- ter and nobler state of things. Reconstruction is not less the condition of the Old World. Within the last few years all old things have been passing away; many ancient and venerated landmarks have disap- peared; institutions hoary with age have perished, and nota few States and kingdoms have sunk into the grave of oblivion. Many old things have passed away, but all things have not yet become new. It is the agony of a uew birth which is now convulsing Europe, paralyzing trade and commerce, defeating all calculation, and putting the most accomplished and experienced statesmen to their very wits’ end. The doctors are, no doubt, doing their best; but the doctors, it is just as undoubted, are sorely puzzled. It would not be altogether an unpleasant task to forecast with some minuteness of detail the Europe that is tobe. Judging from the present aspect of things, and with the help of some of the Heraty’s mysterious guides, we think we can see a picture like the following :— Italy, united and prosperous, with her national capital on the seven hills, the seat of ancient empire. Spain and Portugal, the theatres of so much strife and revolution, no longer pur- suing their separate ends, but united in heart and aim, and under one vigorous central gov- ernment, giving fresh scope to the energies of their once high-spirited and enterprising people. The various German States, including not only the States of the Southern Bund, but those as well which still adhere to the House of Austria, all gathered under one central government, and forming one of the most powerful, com- pact and intelligent empires of the world. France still courting alliances, but less eager for war, and consoled, it may be, for the growth of her northern neighbor by some insignificant patch on the banks of the Rhine. A Scandi- navian union supplanting, or it may be only giving new life, strength and purpose to Swe- den, Norway and Denmark. Austria, if the name continues, will transfer her headquarters to Hungary; finding, it may be, for her losses in Germany suitable compensation along the banks of the Danube and on the shores of the Euxine. The Turk, if not acta- ally driven from Europe, will be shut up in the narrowest possible limits, and out of the ruins of his empire and under the patronage of Russia will be formed a South Slavonian kingdom. Russia, satisfied with baving secured the liberty and consequent gratitude of her co- religionists, and probably despising, for a time, at least, the barren honor of occupying Con- stantinople, will give herself up to the work of consolidation and development. Greece will benefit somewhat by the breaking up of the European dominions of the Sultan; but Greece has yet to give proof that she is worthy of a glorious future. Switzerland will remain as sbe is, nestled among her glorious hills. Belgium and Holland, as they cannot unite, may be left for a time undisturbed. The Latin Church will give a species of unity to the [berian kingdom, Italy, France and Austria. The Greek Church will givea bond of union to Russia, Greece and South Slavonia. Germany and the Scandina- vian Union, backed up by Great Britain, will be the representatives of Protestantism. Such is the condition into which Europe is all but certain to settle when the present reconstruc- tion process shall be ended. Whether this state of things shall be reached peacefully, or whether there must first be much blackness and darkness and tempest, much blood and fire and vapor of smoke, we shall not venture tosay. Our object simply is to call attention to the fact that Europe is in this tran- sition state, is undergoing this reconstruction process, and that this is precisely the reason why the situation is difficult—so difficult, indeed, that Napoleon and Bismarck and the best of them may yet be found to have grievously mis- calculated. The fates are more subtle than the diplomatists, and in their strong grasp the strength of mighty armies is weakness itself. The Coming Fight. The public has been excited over all sorts of fights. The fight between the oligarchy of Southern slave owners, with Jeff Davis at their head, and the Northern ideas of union and lib- erty, with Abe Lincoln as their standard bear- er; the fight between Congress and President Johnson, the women suffrage fight, the negro suffrage fight, the fight between rival express companies, and other fights too numerous to mention. But no fight ever promised to be livelier and more interesting than the coming fight between the Heraty and the Associated Press of this city. The enterprise of the Hara. has vexed and irritated the other newspa- pers of New York beyond measure, It has even stimulated the sleopiest of them to greater vigilance and s keener spirit of emulation than ever, Dissatisfied at the indefatigable and suc- cessfal efforts of the Hunan to secure, at what- ever expense of trouble and money, the fullest, latest and most important news from all parts Of the habitable globe ; dissatisfied also with the country press on account of the eagerness and implicit confidence with which, like the Dablic ot large, it has learned to rely almost exclusively upon the Heratp for news—our city press has at length screwed its courage up to enter the lists against the Hesavp, the cham- pion of the rights of the American people to enjoy the highest advantages which the modern newspaper, with the aid of steam and electri- city, and all the appliances of modern civiliza- tion can offer to the public. The Heraxp, of course, does not hesitate to pick up the glove. Tt is eager for the fray, confident that hence- forth, as hitherto, it can compel its competi- tors themselves to acknowledge that it can overcome them all, whether they choose to fight singly or in combination. Whoever shall come off victor in the contest, the public will win great benefits from it, and none can doubt as to whose chances are the best. . The Negre Vote as a Balance ef Power. ‘The radicals, seeing the swelling torrent of public sentiment rising against their negro su- premacy policy, begin to sing small. One of their organs in this city had a labored article yesterday, appealing pathetically to the public in behalf of the “poor negro.” It asks, “shall four millions of our countrymen be henceforth serfs and outcasts in the land of their birth with their descendants through all genera- tions?” It calls this “the main question—the great question remaining to be solved by the judgment and votes of the American people.” Now this is the merest balderdash and clap- trap nonsense. The writer knows very well, if he has any sense, that the four millions of his colored countrymen are neither serfs nor out- casts, and never can be again. They are on perfect equality with the whites as regards their civil rights and before the law. If a por- tion of them should be excluded from certain political privileges for a time and for great public reasons, that would: be nothing more than what happens to many white people in this republic and land of equal rights. All this taik about the negroes being serfs and out- casts is supreme nonsense, and is made for the purpose of blinding the American people to the real object of the radicals, No, there is no fear of the negroes not having their rights; and that is not the real qnestion. The object of the radicals is to make the negro vote the balance of power in our political system and govern- ment. A small party sometimes holds the bal- ance, as we often see, in both State and general elections. The four millions of blacks in the South may become the ruling power of the re- public through holding that balance. We see already how Jemoralized and extreme the re- publican party has become in its efforts to get the negro vote. What will not that party or any other do to gain power through the negro vote, if that vote can give it? In fact we are now in danger of having this great republic governed by the negroes and in the interests of negroes. This is “the main question” really at issue, and all the pretence about negro rights is sheer bum! Enterprise Versus Menepoly. Enterprise is the great characteristic of the American nation; monopoly, the one abuse against which, more than against any other, the American people set their faces. Monopo- lies have occasionally accomplished a certain amount of good in the development of the resources of the country, and proved tem- porarily advantageous to the public; but in the main they are adverse to the genius of our institutions and in conflict with our general policy. Enterprise gives birth to opposition as its legitimate offspring, and the spirit of opposition lies at the foundation of our peculiar reputation asa nation. The desire to excel our neighbors, to improve upon the latest improvements, to accomplish more than any one has ever accomplished before, makes us the pushing, rushing, progressive, wonder- ful people that we are admitted to be all over the world. People not untrequently fail to properly comprehend the distinction bétween enterprise and monopoly, and where individuals build up a great business or amass large wealth through superior enterprise, many are apt to erro- neously regard them as monopolists. Thus, we sometimes hear of the Herat being a monster monopoly, while nothing is farther from the truth. It is in the largest sense of the word a great enterprise, seeking only to establish its superiority by its own energy and its own efforts, and leaving every newspaper free to vie with it and to strive to equal it as a public journal. Commodore Vanderbilt has some- times been called a monopolist, while he has been, in fact, man of enormous energy and enterprise, who has fought his way against opposition in a fair, free field, and not only won the position of the great steamship and railroad king of the country, but succeeded in putting Central, Hudson River and Harlem into his breeches pocket, in addition to the fortune of fifty million dollars for which rumor gives him credit, while be bas still room for the Erie in the same spacious receptacle. As models of what the true American spirit of enterprise and progress can accomplish, the Heratp stands prominently forth as a business and Cornelius Vanderbilt as an individual. There have been monopolies which have prospered for awhile, but the contracted, nar- row-minded spirit inseparable from them is fatal to permanent success. The New York Associated Press was of this character. Fool- ishly believing that it had secured the exclu- sive control of the collection and distribution of telegraphic news throughout the country, it set itself to work to restrict individual news- paper enterprise, and insolently undertook to control the special reports of such a paper as the Haratp. This was its death blow. The Heratp gave notice of its intention to with- draw from the concern, and now rival news associations are springing up, a new era is about to commence in the newspaper world in the collection and sale of news, and the old New York Associated Press will soon be a thing of the past, of no more use or importance than the old lumbering stage coach or the broken down nag of a post messenger. Such fis and such always will be the distinction between enterprise and monopoly. GOVERNOR HORTON ON THE FINANCES, THE WERALD. Ciwommani, Sept, 17, 1867, ) Po'Ciock P.M. } Governor 0. P. Morton, of Tadiana, has written a long letter on the national faances. He says the democratic Proposition to pay bonds on the debt in Greenbacks would be clearly fatal to the credit aad prosperity of the country,. He argues that it ie absurd to the debt at present. He says: — would redyes the vate 0 the lowest point i WASHINGTON. ‘Wasainctos, f Trou, Fae} Grant and the Radical Catechisers. ‘The attempt of the radicals to get General Grant te Publicly commit himself in favor of their ticket at the approaching elections bas utterly failed, and the leading Doliticians from those States about to hold elections, who came here for that purpose, have gone home im disgust, Others, however, are expected here, who are supposed to have more influence upon Grant. Among these is Wasbburne, of Illinois, who bas already been telegraphed to come here and summon the General to the political confessional. These anxious Inquirers Say Grant talks freely on every subject except politics. When that is introduced he is willing enough to hear the opinions of others, but very careful to give Rone of hisown. It has been said that Grant kept away from the Antietam celebration to-day in order to avold the eatachetical ordeal he would be certain to meet with in such an assemblage of politicians. Expected Resignation of Assistant Secretary + Chandler, the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, is about to resign at last, Positively and without fail, no postponement on accouut of the weather or Mr. McCulloch, He is said to sap- port Colonel Thorpe, of St, Louis, sb his successor—e man who believes im the Johnsonian policy, and is said jatters of finance. The Affairs of the Fi Bank of B Messrs. Demas Strong and Howell Smith, of have been here for the past day or two, endeavoring either to obtain permission for the Farmers’ and Citi- zens’ Bank of Brooklyn to resume business, or for its affairs to be closed up by its own officers, They were to-day remforced by the late cashier, Mr. H. W. Red- field, and interviews were held with Secretary McCulloch and Comptroller Hulburd, which have as yet resulted ia nothing satisfactory to the committee, Gen Orders from General Ord. The War Department has received copies of the fel- lowing orders, issued on the 9th and 10th instants, by Brevet Major General Ord, commanding the Fourth Midi- tary Diatrict:— Far the purpose of securing peace and quiet and pre- venting violence, disorder andriot throughout the limits of this Mili District, the assembling of armed organi- zations or’ of citizens under any pretence whatever is prohibited, The proper civil officers, post commanders, assistant commissioners and agents of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands will use all means at their disposal to cause the enforcement of this order, Precagtionary measures to prevent such assemblages, by sending guards to attend public meetings or such other action as may be deemed advisable, will be taken by the post command- ers on all proper occasions. In the event of its violation, the authorities above named are di- rected to make every effort to cause the arrest of the armed portion of the assemblage, and when arrested they will be heid in confinement, for trial by military commission. All arms found upon the perzons present will be seized and held by the officer making the arrest subject to orders from these headquarters, The practice of earrying firearms is prevalent among bullies aad cow- ards, pot prevailing in well organized and civilized com- munities, and itis the intention of the General com- wanding to take all practical measures to stop it. All perons now residing within the limits of this Mi- itary District who subsequently to the 9th of Apel, 1965, volnntarily exiled themselves from any of the States lately in rebellion, and have since returned to a resi- dence in the United States, will, within thirty days from the receipt of this order report in person or in writing te these headquarters, their full names and places of reei- dence, giving Post Office address, in order that a copy of the parole oath administered to the rebel armies on their Surrender may be furnished to each, to be duly taken and subscribed. The oath may be administered by any commissioned officer in the milit service of the United States serving in this com and will be immediately forwarded to the Assistant ‘ Adjutant General at these headquarters for file. Failure to comply with the terms of the foregoing order witt subject offenders to arrest and euch penaity as may be preacribed by competent authority, Severe Sentence of x Court Martial. ‘The sentence of Captain Charles ¥rederick dy Thirty-seventh United colored troops, who was tried before a court martial at Raliegh, N: C., in Novem- ber last, has just been confirmed by General Graat. Captain Brown was tried on the charges of selling the property of the United States and appropri- ating to bis own use the proceeds of the sales. He was found guilty, aad sentenced to be dishonorably dismissed the service, with loss of all pay and allow- ‘ances now due or hereafter to become due; to be for- ever disquatified to hold any office of trust or proat ‘under the government ; to pay a fine of $2,000 and be im- prisoned in Fort Macon, North Carolina, until the fine is paid; amd that the name and place of abode of the criminal and the sentence be published in the newspa- Pers of the States of Massachusetts and North Caroline. In approving the sentence, the Secretary of War an- nounces that Captain Brown ceased to be an officer of the Cnited States Army on the 31s: ult. Revised Regulations Relative to the Internal Revenue. Revised regulations for the allowance of drawback on the ixternal revenue taxes on exported merchandise have been issued by the Secretary of the Treasury, te take effect on the 1st of October next. One of the main points in them is that the exporter, instead of first filing an entry at the Custom House, is permitted to flea Botice of shipment, describing the goods and Stating where they sre deposited, upon which they are examined by « proper inspector whe will report in detail. Several notices may be filed for different lots of goods shipped on the same vessel, and within ten days after the leaving of the vessel the entry must be filed at the Custom House covering all the goods shipped. In cases of exportation tothe imion of Canada or any of the British North American provinces, to the Gulf, Atlantic and frontier ports in Mexico, to the Atlantic ports in Central America, and to the Atlantic ports north of the Equator ia South America, and in all cases where an American consul is not known to reside at the port of destination, drawback will not be allowed until after the landing certificate has been received and filed with the Super- imtendent of Exports, But when the merchandise is exported to any other port than that the ex- porter may obtain a drawback before the receipt of the landing certificate, provided the merchandise named in the entry isin all respects identical with that specified im the inspector's return of lading, by filing a sufficient and satisfactory bond. with two good aad sufficient sure- ties, with the Collector of Customs at the port of ex- portation im a penal sum equal to the amount of internal revenue taxes claimed thereon. The landing certificate will embrace evidence of the following description :— First—The certificate of the consignee of the e: at the foreign port, deseribiog the articles experteh ban tag to the ro of the lore. thas z B a i = | te i 5 i 3 consignee, and also tbat the person signi certificate is the chief officer of the Dt is signature is genuine, No proof whatever will be eeived as a substitute for the above prescribed lant certificate, except in case of exportation to the Dominion: of Cauada or any of the British North American Pro- vVinces, where the Consular certificates will be required pi the amount of drawback ciaimed exceeds afty oe! Another change from the old regulation is, that the Weight of cotton fabrics wii! hereafter be ascertained by © Custom House officer, instead of a collector of internal revenue, Indistinct Impressions on the Five Dollar National Bank Notes. Repeated inquiries have been made of the Treasurer of the United States, from various parte of the country, with rogard to the difference in the engravings oa the Give dollar national bank motes, Able judges in several instances being unable to decide whether of the twe notes bearing differences on the ellipticai engraving om the back, one or the other ts not counterfoit. In response to recent letters requesting information as to which of the two notes—one being leas distinct than the other— is genuine, General Spinner responded that, probably, both are genuiae. Tho indistinct one is the earlier issue, The engravers undertook to improve the plate after it bad been used for a yor or 90; and, although they succeeded in making it more perfect, they did the mischief or creating much embarrassment ia the minds of even good judges as to the genuineness of one of the other of these two impressions, The Yellow Fever in ™ lem" F} In anticipation the yellow fever may reach the city of Mobile and the piace be abandoned By the gov- erament officisis, General Spinnor, United States Treas- urer, has, from pradential motives, thought proper te withdraw the government funds deposited there and Place Lhom WM gome city further aorta,