The New York Herald Newspaper, June 27, 1867, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, JUNE 27, 1867.-TRIPLE SHEET, THREE GREAT STATESMEN. Munchausen, Miss Nancy and Machia- velli in One Dish. Agrarianism---Equal Division of Property--- Woman's Rights---Woman’s Suffrage--- floonshine and Green Cheese---Recon- struction and Misconstruction. Vice Prosident Wade’s Speech at Lawrence, Kansas. J 0, 1867. Mr, Wade made an address at the Omaha banquet, Dut he did so with reluctance, and there confined him- self to topics of local interest. Although frequently eailled out at other points, he has nearly always peremp- torily refused to respond, stating that he was travelling ‘with bis friends for pleasure, and not to make speeches, ‘It was plain to those who heard him at Lawrence that he only waived this resolution to remain silent as a con- cession to surrounding associations, since his remarks were off-band and impromptu throughout; for it was not ‘until after repeated, emphatic and long continued calls ‘that he made bis appearance upon the baicony of the Eldredge House, After the applause with which he was welcomed had @ubsided, the Senator remarked that he had no inten- tion of making a spocch. He had tried to do so at Omaha, ond as he then broke down in the midst of his remarks be did not feel encouraged to repeat the at- tempt on the present occasion, Still there wore some thoughts which always suggested uhemsolves in Kansas. There the great battle between freedom and slavery had Deen fought out and the cause of liberty had triumphed, Tf the slave power bad succeeded there in its infamous efforts it would have gone on to nationalize the ac- cursed institution; but it was defeated, aud now there ‘Was not a remnant of it left im the land. (Applause.) Mr. Wade then said that as he had kept in advance of the people in the great strife between freedom and alavery, he mean! to do the same thing in the contest which had just commenced for ext-nding the right of suffrage b women, He was wuqoalidediy in favor of equal rights for ail, not ovly without regard to nationality and color, Dat without regard to sex. Women were more virtuous than men; thoir perceptions were quicker and keener, aud when’ they gained political power they would rectify many abuses which had thus tar rematned untouched, If be bad not believed that his own wife had seise enovgh to vote ho never would have married her—(laughter and appianse)—and if any of his hearers had wives who were unequal to the discharge oi the right of suffrage he would advise them to go homo and get divorced at once. (Renewed jnughtor.) Tae speaker donounced those women who did not want to vote because it was not fashionable, and said that he hada prediction to jess thao make. Female suffrage will be gencral 1 twenty years—(A Voic Shought it hkely that in Kansas next Legislature Wight set the niatter straight. (Applause) He re] d that ho intended to keep in advance of the peopie ou this subject, and that he was now ready to take another Sump forward if necessary, In his view radicalism upon this and all other quesivms was rightenisness, while con- servaiism was hypocrisy and cowardice, The conserva five was a mere lickspitile aud hanger-on; ho was mot only willing to bo trampled in the dust, but was ‘willing (o remain there, As regarded the political situa ‘tion he would only say that the Southerners now had the mildes: terms offered them they ever would get. If ger chose to accept them, well and good; they might ave all the advantage of such action. If they refused thom, another turn would be given to the screw, and they would be compelled to yield whether they wished to or not. Congress had thus far been with the Reople, and it would not now desert them under the lead of Johnson or the devil. His hearers might rest assured of one thing, reconstruction was ag certain to take place as thai the sua was shining, Senator Wave then proceeded to say that there was @nother question upon which he would express his views, althougn hie hearers might differ from him in opinion. We had disposed of the qcestion of slavery, nd vow that of lator and capilal must pass through t) ordeai. The shadow of tho approaching straggle be- tween those two geeat interosts was alroady upon ua, ead it would do vo good to tarn our backs upon the question. It must be mot. Property was not equally di- vided, and @ more equal distrivution of capi‘al must be wrought out, That Congress which had done so much @or the slave cannot quietly regard the terrible dis- tmnetion which exists between the man that labors and him that does not. (Applause) “If you Guilhoads,”” said the er, “can’t seo this, the women will, and will act accordingly.”” It will not ‘be long betore the laborers will demand of canvassers, upon the of an o! ion, “What will you do for ws?” and they will have # satisfactory answer. It is wot right or that any man should be compelled to labor until tife is worn out and being is a curse. The Almighty did not itond that this should be the case, Bor will it always remain so, More leisure must be n to the people for mental accomplishments, and hor saving machines had pot yet fuililed their mis- gion, since tocy had tailed to effect this yesult. Here in Kansas, said the speaker, where overy Man 18 a capital- fat to @ greater or jess extent, these inequalities are not Be = and are not so keenly felt as they are in tho East, and the speaker would advise every man in that section who is sulject to @ capitarist in any degree to cut loose from him and get two hours fiearer @undown forthwith, ‘Men of Kansas," he said, “if you @o as much for yourselves as the Almighty has done for you, you will be the Lords of Creation.” Mr, Wade ledged hiniself to advocate the “natural rights of man’’ diy and persistently; spoke of the great commercial results wbich would inevilably flow from the complotion of the Pacific Railway, and then roferred to the striking fact that the excursion party had, during the two weeks of its journeying, accomplished by raila distance which would have taken a year to traverse by the oid modes of conveyance. Ho concluded by thanking the people of Lawrence for the cordial welcome and kindly cour (esis they bad extended to the party be represented, Chevalier Trnin’s Speech on Pilot Knob. A distinctive episode in the recent excursion of Senator ‘Wade and party to Pilot Knob was the cutting and siash- ing diatribe of George Francis Train on the summit of the mountain, seven hundred feet above the plain be- low. After completing the wearisome ascent and exam- ining tho mining operations of the workmen near the top, the party domiciled themselves upon a bunch of larzo craggy boulders, which ornamented the highest peak, and commands a view of twenty miles of surrounding country, A meeting was orzan- fed on tho peak by the lection of Sen- ator Creawell, of Maryland, to the ‘‘chair.”’ ‘The President of the meeting gave Train as the toxt for his remarks, the words of Longfellow's “Excelsior,” ‘which were parodied and caricatured to the amusement of the party. Wo give below the speech entire: — Mr. Vice Paestpext, Hon. Saxators, Meuasns or Cox. oress, Evrrons and Bractirc, Womnnx:—Seuator Cres- well’s eloquent introduction commands my attention. “Excelsior shali be my text. {Here Mr. Train made an impromptu parody on Excelsior that brought down toe rocks of iron and echoed along the mountains, In place of Exceisior he would ‘bring in the words Woman SuGrace, American Industry, or ‘Down with England and up with America "’) Asa parody upon the world.tamed production of Mr, Longfeliow be would give the following :— The shades of noon were falling faat, As up the Iron Mountain A party, who bore, " wide and ice, A danuer with this grand device— Ameriean iron for American railways, Who doubts, continued Mr, Traim, as we look around ‘those majestic monntains, that America was the (id Wor'd when Europe, Asia and Africa were islands tha: dotied the surface of the ocean, (Applause,) Those na- tions are convex; America is concave, In Burope, Asia and Africa the high mountains of the interior sepa- rate nations and creaie « thousand languages, an pe | im @ basin, we can look over a neighbor's wall an a one language and worship one God. (Loud ap- plause,) The moment I stepped out of Europe into Asia | gaw where Turkey was cat in twain by the Bosphorus aod the Dardanelles, thus lowering the Biack and Caspian Seas aod @ ‘ing the Levant or the Mediterranean, which caused overflow of that tmis- erable waste known a8 Asia Migor (ob'), and hence tho ignorant people of those days assamed that that was tho deluge, and consequently monopolized all ite thunder. (Laughter and applause.) Look at America, I raid; thore is the real deluge—the — Jacobs (Laughter.) Notice the formation of the land; study Agassiz, Noto how one as water receded made the Allo- gbaoies, an ww wave the Rocky Mountains. (Ap- piause) Obsery: one portion of the water went to the ocean by the St Lawrence, the other by the Missouri—iong before Omaba and City Lots—(loud ap- Pisuse)—aod = Miser worked its way to the sea via the Gulf of Mexico, (applacse,) leaving these great fresh water (nland fakes — Ruron, Superior, Ontario, Michigan, Erie—to astonish man by the grandest waterfall ever made by any hairdresser in creation, (Loud cheers.) You remember bow the Eng- lish feet on Lake frie, having got out of fresh water, landed aad dug wells all along the shore to get « drink Yea, this is the Dig down a» thousand feet on that river's bank and you will f the past—the mollooynx, the mega todon—(applanse)—and trees Ubirty iar ete! ose ages bad their dis- of gigantic stature and mag- passed away. The age of war lg no more; for was it ley that an American band of held sixteen thousand revels unter (Loud gold came with California and silver when China drained one thousand millions frank pieces, and ecudi, and florins, and crowns out of Eerope in payment for silks and teas—etendily refusing for two centuries to be l. Spain, srarkey, India and America Dave been giand's disinterested doctrine of free trade. (| jause.) Chine te abend of the world aad hove noble Senators: it giv cuttage ta Woe Tor naiora, og Titories to all, without regard ‘te color, have invited million of votes a year from Asia to help owt our ‘vorsal suffrage policy, (Applause and some hisses) The ao of Americen monarchy 1 also over, when Napolgon gave orders to Bazaine to sell out the bravest and noblest tnan that Europe has rat-ed those hundred years—Maxi- wihan the Austrian noble. (Deep silence) Now we have the age of iron—iron-clads, iron gone, iron everything but iron constitutions and fron morals, (“Ob 1”? and “That's so.) This is the spot to rebuke Congress—in the presence of those distinguished Sena- tors—for the infamous legislation of last session in post- poning the tariff, (Loud appiause and “1 the right track.’) [Here Senator Cattel sey, interrupted Mr. Train and said be wished to be put right on the record. He was for protection to Ameri- can industry. Senator Creswell, of Maryli also came to time; and everybody knows, said Mr. 2, where old Ben. Wade stands on that question.) I could forgive the bounty bill, the confiscation thi the mili- tary reconstruction and the impeachment fizzle (laughter and hisses), but there is no excuse for Congress fe into the hands of England on this question life or death to America. ja tari? matter has boen 80 twisted as to confuse our people. It is not es and free trade; this is the way to bd it: —“England o1 America; all those in favor of England say “aye.’" ‘Loud cries of ‘‘No,”) ip England we dig six huodred feet under ground for the iron, and raise it at great ox- Here we find it seventy-tive per cent, pure, six hundred feet above the sartacs, and an inc! or self-lowering and self-clevating railway does the work of ahundred men. (Loud cheers.) Yet, sameful to Tolate—infamous as is the fact—this mountain railway is built of fron that was dug out of an English mine with pauper labor—(shame)—manufactured rails oa pau- per workmen, ship; over English railways to English ports, puton board English shipa, consigned to English merchants, shipped out here by English agonts and paid for in American gold. (Cries of “ahame," and “lraim is sound on that question,’’) Senator Carret1— Did you tell that to the Fenians?” Mr. Train—Yos, sir; and I these resolutions hundred audiences :— esolved, That we wiil not countenance, by our votes, the laying of Bhglish iron for American railways.”” (Loud ap- Blouse, the excuraloniats all votlag on the resolution by a6- clamation, Hesclved, ‘That we will never wear any clothes or purchase any goods of English manufacture.” (Loud applause.) Here Mr, Train branched off on America’s tondyism to England, and said one of his stock points had been, that England ruled this country by two balis—ireo Trade Hall and Exeter Hall, When Exeter Hall took snuff, the republican party sneezed. (Laughter.) Whon Free Trade Hall laid an egg, the democratic party cackled, (Loud laughter and cheering.) All our legislation came from Engiand, yet she has not paid the Alabama claims, and is banishing American citizens and langning in our faces, (Cries of “‘shamo.’’) Toadyism to England is worse than aecrime, That is why I have passed the fol- lowing resolution at all my meoiags:— Resolved, That abolition, pro-slavery, free trade, Monroe doctrine, State sovereignty, Freedmen's bureauism, contis- cation, ave all Links of the same political suusage, made out Of (he same Eugtish dog. (Loud cheers and some hissea.) Of course, said Mr. Train, the radicals will hiss thatsentiment. Free speech, thank God, from this mountain height, here in the open air, on this wealth of iron, cannot be prevented by the ringing of a Cabinet Minister's bell or tho issue of a major general’s order. (Appiause.) “What about woman’s suilrage?"’ asked a Senator, Tam for it. Like Senator Wade, I go for them. (Ap- ase.) Itisthe only safe-hedgo we can have on the (Oh, and 3.) I believe with these (ore, that @ woman is ® man and brother. (Loud cheers and laughter.) Women are more virtuous than men; more moral, less bruial, Be- sides, women rule their homes—why not help save the nation? (Applause.) Give us woman’s suffrage aud I will organize a million of my Irish girls to vote down Fifth avenue and vote your speaker into the White House, (Loud cheers and some dissent.) Women should vote. Why ehould tno plantation boor—the unfettered, ignorant African whose bair grows up and back into his head like the Banyan tree—whose leg is sot in tho middle of his foot (jaughter); who hag nine cubic inches Jess of brain inside his thick skull — who bas oaly one hundred and fifty porca to the square inch of cuticle, which accounts for us being able to smoll bim for balf a mile (laughter and bisees); wuy should this half savage of tbe backwoods plantations make laws for Anna Dickinson or Harriet Beochor Stowe; logisiate for your wives, honorable Senators, or mine? (Ap- Piause.) What man dare say his soul’s his own at bis own table? (How is it with you, Train?) I am the managed husband on’ the con. tinent, (Laughter.) I I am to take the stump for woman suffrage. (Applause.) It will purify the polls; they will vote down houses of bad Tepute; vote down faro banks; vote down groggeries; shut up rum sbops and close the gin palaces. (ou applause.) They will vote for mon for office who are wiiling to preach this sermon and practise it:—*Pon’t drink; don’t smoke; don’t chow; don’t swear; don’t gamble; don’t have but one wif lon’t be a Davidor a Solomon—Oh !)—doa’t steal jewels, like Moves. (Ap- plause.) Don’t cheat Kau, like Jacob. Love God; but don’t love God so much that you have no time tw love your follow man, (renmbien, Love truth, virtue, and be happy.” (Loud applause.) Women will vote, every time, for that platform. Again, in our day, the pl negro’s voting, distinguished ‘moment{a maa can borrow money to settle iton his wife, he goes in for the pt law. Hence, the women nedd votes to protect the property that belongs to her husband's creditors. (Applause and laughter.) A Bexator—‘What about the debt?” Mr, Teain—Do you want to to know? Well, zea shall have what you bly bave never seen fore—a debit and credit of the war, a profit and loss account:— now First. You shouid we have had a grand ex- hibition of frew: and mortgaged our farm to | ante so-called wealth of the farmer (“Ont”) Becond, consists in his having his eoldier boy in the graveyard ans weven-tuirty in bis pocket in exchange. (Sonsa- 2, DEsrr, 1. $3,000,000, 000 of national debt—a national carse to everybody but Jay Cooke. ar $1,000,000,000 State, city and county debt, born of the war, 3 Five hundred thousand able bodied farmers, mechanics and ocher white men dead, worth $10,000 a piece, $5,000,000, 000. 4 Five hundred thousand black laborers, worth $1,000 each, $50,000,000. (Hissea) 5. 4,000,000 black laborers, men, women and children, that it took three generations of white civilization to utilize into profitable labor, totally demoralized and dis- organized tor the time being. (Applause and consider- the radicals getting uneasy and endeavor. ing to stop Train's “exposition” of national affairs, Train tatked them all down, made fun of their hisses, and car- ried ag hep en mag of many present.) 6. ,000 of shipping, that it took us Afty years of American industry, since Ws to whiten every ocean with our commerce, completely wiped out by Eng- land’s neutrality. (Applause aad ‘Too true." 7, $4,000,000 worth of plantations, houses, arms, fac- real estate, personal property, wasted, burn wil out, completely poet sa 29 accumulated - dustry of a hundred years. 8, and lastly, An amount of swearing, gaming, drank- enness, prostitution, demoralizauou, that cannot be enumerated by figures ‘This will do for the debit; and when fanaticism sleeps for a moment the uation’s eyes will open, and a reac- tion will set in that will emancipate my constituency, the white peoplo ot our land. (Applause and dissent } pe much for debit; what for credit? Gentlemon, I bave no Ggures, You must be content with ideas. (Here the audience, getting uneasy over Irain’s expos of the devt of the war, began to move off, and vainly tried to stop him; but’ Train said}:—Gentiemen, I have refused to speak at ery station, uotwitostanding the repeated calls for ‘Yrain.’’ I have applauded ail your two hour banquet os (lauchter from some of the bored). ow you mast listen, as you seo my voice will reach to the botiom of the mountain, (Applause and laughter.) Besides you will see this all inpmot, Here is Seymour, of the New York Times; General Boynton, of the Cincinnati Gaceue; Painter, of the Philadeiphia Inquirer; Mrs. ———, of the New York ; Smith, of the Cincinnati | Time; Whiiney, of the Chicago Republican; Rapp, of the Su Louis Dispatch; Colonel Grosvenor, of the Democrat; and Fayel, of the Zepudlican, all taking notes; and if they show their accustomed enterprise 5,000,000 people pritl ean these iron mountain ideas, (Applause.) But to the CREDIT. 1. The entire destruction of the rottenest institution that ever disgraced any country—the demoeratic party = applause and roars of laughter at this unexpected ally.) Senator Crusweit—"That is enough to balance the other side.” 2 The entire destruction of the party that has filled its miasion and disgraced itseif in its victory by striking the South while it was down, and wu aquaodles among Its leaders for the spoil, (Cries of “No,” and appiause (rom the conservatives. ) Train—Well, if not quite dead, your July session of Congress is sure to burst it. 3. The wiping out of two words which grow into ideas—secession and abolition. (ages F 4. The fact made public that America in her leur could reduce one million of an army to filty thousaad, aod one thousand war ships to fifty, in sixty days. : 5. The pubitcat that America possessed th: iL @ pubdiication merica roe mil- Hon square miles of homesteads for all mankind, and Bad no iatchkey on the nation's door. (Loud applause.) 6, The startling fact demonstrated that we can bitch on a bawser to Liverpool and tow over the entire popu- lation 1m emigration ina single year, a dozen Hamburgs and Bremens thrown io. (Applause.) 7. fhe advertisoment to tue world that Columbus was fight about the short road to India, aud that America could build, while battle ielde wore red with blood, a great railway across this empiro—(loud cheers)—makii there words of ser) oe 4 at Omaha, the great cen: city, proverbial— 18 to Pokin in thirty days! Two occan ferry boate and @ continestal railway! Passengers for caine thie way ed choers,) es, ge on, if, Train, w covers tu 6 been making money | ing speeches, of that the grandost inst): utio: or any other naion—the Oredil Mobuver, the Credit Fun- cier, and the Paciie Railway—were organized over my table (lood cheers), they will find some better term for a taxn who succeeds than that of cailing lim « dame fool or a funatic. (Applause,) Instead of coming down of (his @xcursion te jose time in plonicking, lam down here to look after my interests in this Kansas and Union Faetfic Railway ; to collect some $900,000 due me, which Mr. Groeiey, Mr. Porry and Mr, McPherson promise to attend to, (Applause.) When I started out in life travel wae my idol—the world doubted, Then I tried koowleage; got no praise, Then books tuey ridvecied. Then languages; they sueered. Then — patriotiem—they cheered first, then knocked me down in Boston, Daywon, beyonetied me tn Dav bt Louie, and tried to assassina: spite of thie Ihave kept my independence and ia Vidwality, (Lood appiause.) I asked the world what it waeted; & replied money. I bare mado it, and am ow Gevoting myself w that, simply ont of contem: for the opinions of men. No more softening of the brain, but bardening of the heart. (Lan, nter.) “When f 69 loto the position! line | sball strike right and left, and ‘sball axk the od whether they are willing to tax (wemerives $10,000,000.000 to cancel the debt in thirty ears tn order te pay European bondholders aad New n coutractors; or will they insist on changing our $2,400, 000,000 bonds Into #2, 500,000,000, of groenbacks. (Sensation) Lat the ory go forth, “Down with payments and up with the greenback age!” (A plese and hisses.) Hence, were | a domagoxue, m: orm would be Women Sudrage, Bepudiation and Het ~ shot at (Immense laughter, after which the party descended the mountain.) Chevalier Wikeff, the Cosmepelitan States- man, on Reconstruction and Misconstruc- tion. 10 THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Sm—The serenity of our political firmament is again disturbed, The adjournment of Congress and the dis- posal of the Southern question, in spite of a broadside of vetoes, gave the country promise of calm and sun- shine. But new clouds are gathering, and the barometer of the press indicates an approaching storm, The occu- pant of the Executive chair at Washington is bent on another tussle with Congress. He must abide the con- sequences ; for this time he will be roughly handled by his enraged antagonists, The star of Ben Wade is in the ascendant, Before the conflict begins, and our ears are filled with the din of contending voices, may I ven- tare a few quiet observations on the great point at issue? It ts the duty of every citizen to put his shoulder to the wheel whon tho car of State is in a rut ‘Ta soots, At the close of the war thee management of the rebel States was, indeed, ® grave problem for the North, They were but a mass of ruing, Politi- cally, socially and physically they were utterly pros- trated. The abolition of slavery, the corner stone of the Southern edifice, acted like a tornado, sweeping every- thing before it, Not only was their political structure overthrown, but even the vital relations of capital and labor revolationized, The slave not only became a voter, but he could stipulate for wages, The French Revolution of '89, which “pulverized” France, as the first Napoloon said, was not so destructive, and the Eng- lish Revolution of 1640 left the framework of society untouched, In the face of such » state of things, well nish a chaos, the North might naturally pause and pon- dor, If these unhappy States wore disposed to co-oper- ate choerfully in their rescoration to a new condition of being; if thoy wero ready honestly to aid in rebuilding their shattered orzanism on new plana, and in conformi- ty to the political architecture of the rest of the coun- try, then the North saw no difflcaity im the caso, and reconstraction would be easy, rapid and magi- cal, The great soldiers of the rebellion raised thoir voices as they threw down their swords, and called on the South to adopt this voluntary and fraternal recon- struction, Cunning politicians, however, willed it other- wise. They eought to prolong tho hostility that followed the war, and provent such a reconstruction of the South as would restore the Union promptly to its pristine pros- perity, What, then, was the North to do? They waited nearly two years, and finally decided on tho only practi- cable method of bringing the Southern States back into the Union. In March last Congress, responding to the desire of the whole country, decreed the mode—ovi- dently the only mode—by ‘which the South could be reorganized, Strange and sad that it should prefer re- tarning to its old prosperity rather by coercion than its own volition, Strange and sad, too, that a goverament like ours, based on the reason of mankind, shoald bo compelled to resort to force, Human nature, however, isthe camo in all ages and under all forms of polity. ‘The passions of men defy reason aud stultify theory, Ropudiican rebels, it aeems, are just as sulky and blind ag others. . CONGRESS, Let us cxamine briefly, Mr. Editor, the famous Recon- struction acts of Iast apring. Nothing can be moro ex- plicit than their language, and nothing more obvious than their meaning, to wit—Congress then declared, fi that “no legal State governments existed in the r: States.” Next, Congress proceeded to divide “the said rebel States into military districts. subject to the mili- tary authority of the United States’ #urther, Congross provided that the Commanding General should have “sufficient military forces to enable such officer to per- form bis duties and enforce his authority witbin the dis- trict to which ho is assigned.” Again, it is enacted that the Commanding General ‘‘may organ'ze military tribu: nals for the trial of offendors;”’ and, tinally, 1é is decreed by that “all interference, under color of State authority, with the exercise of military authority undor this act shall be null and void.’ Is it possibie to mistake or misconstrue these clauses? The intention of Congress was plainiy to annibilate all civil authority in the Southern St and then to establish military governments therein. went into offect there has been no legitimate power in the South bat milit power, and every commanding general ts sov his sphere, The civil machine works or stope, in whole or part, at his bidding, THE GENFRALS. jaa palpable view of the plexit; the miliary districts, Thor functions are as ample and their wilt 1s as absolute as the Czar some respects more 80; for he at least, a prime minister tocheck him, One and all they wield despotic power, and are undor no control but public opinion, In Virgi- nia, if General Schofield chooses to warn a news- paper and silence an itenerant lecturer, who can qaes- tion his right? In the Carolinas, if Gonoral Siekles commands rebel cape to rise before the flag, or bids the merciless Satan A awd the {perm a yoy distillation iakey to cheapen bread a ee a In Louisiana, may remove governors and mayors = a, or take possession of commis- sioners and their funds, if bis jadgment so ordains. In General may declare to legisiatures, Arkansas, “Thou shalt not assemble,” and convert his Quarier- master into a State Treasurer, amd who is to oppose? In General Pope may shake his b/ton at Governor Geveraly, ‘each in bis juradietion, are the eole repre: ja jon, are ie sentatives of the sovereignty of the United States, and Congress has conferred on them absolute power by declaring all State authority “‘null and void.” These Generals, theretére, hat rare make great reputations or lose tnem. Congress has not defined their daties or allotted them special tasks, Th simply to reconstruct the South—no small job, They are all good soldiers. It would be wonderful they all ‘turned great statesmen, It is by state- craft now, , ‘not strategy nor tactics, th must wiu or fail, Intellect, judgment, a, firmness and moderation—these are the qualities, with their practical results, that will raise thom from their saddies to chairs in the Senate and the Cabinet, per- chance still higher. They must maintain order, pro- tect person and property, re) old statutes and issue new ones—yclept ‘‘orders’’. e and repair the State and manic! machinery, or knock it to piecss and get up ing better, All this and more must be done amid a starving and hostile population, with mil- lions of negroes, intoxicated by freedom the fran- py cx anaes boyd meen Lopes wou! = oe ‘rom such # post; but the nation is attentive and Eu: curious, ‘The Pro-Consula of Rome had’ e amaller road pablic opia- ion should take. Editors, liko other morials, however sre mised by interest, won or invoucianc:, and often error, instead of pagating truth, Where is the low York press at this hour oa this vital point of recon- straction? To the Heratp is due the great merit of first sciziog on the topic. It skirmished with the generals and coquetted with the law. Growing bolder ‘Aa it advanced, i+ is mow handling this migoty sabject with the originality, researci and independence that characterize tue journal. Tue service it may render to the country at this moment is incalculable, and tis acutness and pluck are assuredly @ match for pliant lawyors or brawling politicians, The New York Mays ability, but, alas! no decision, Ap- it does not soe its way, or is not prepared it. At one moment it denounces the ordors of General Sickles as usurpations, and then defends Sheridan for superseding the whole civil administration of Lovisiana—a {ar greater stretch of prerogative. Again, (says that Congroas gave supreme power to each com- mander, yet commends the dicta of the Attorney General, who declares the contrary. The Zribune, the Post ana the World are party journals, and see everything through partisan spectacles, They praise or blame as Bulls & Partisan purpose, 1@ Commercial Advertiser, with a veteran politician at the holm, is following in the wake of the Hrnato, Its tone is practical; but has it the courage to apply the scalpel if the case requires it? ANDREW JOUNSON, When the Prosident undertook to reconstruct the South the country applauded his motives, though it pee his power. ‘ben his handiwork failed, and gress took up the task, bis opposition was consid- red both constitutional and conscientious, But now that the question has been decided by the law-making power, and the duty devolves on the Executi to enforce ite mandates, what are we to think of his new auuitude? The South domands repose and vigorous gov- ernment, Her worst foes only could wish to see her the writhing victim of constant political tinkering. The North ts suffering extreme depression "fe her trade and commerce, sbrinks tb alarm from ® renewed strife between co. ordinate branches of the government. To what can we ascribe the impolitic and unpatriotic conduct of the President? Is it an obstinate adherence to views already condemned by the cou t Is it @ jealous dislike of our genorais exercising authority greater than his own ? Or ie 1s simply an indecent love of contention that mocks at the woilfare of the gage toe revels in disorder andruin? is he no better than that usurping king, who Stops mea little higher than his vow, And now, f takes on him to retorm Some ceriain edicts, and some strait decrees? Be \t what it may, tho responsibility will ferring the low arts of the de ue y of the statesman, and of seeking by quibbies to evade tho law it ja bis solewn privilege to uphold. Very truly yours, HENRY WiKOFF, wit STATEN ISLAND INTELLIGENCE. An inquest was held on June 25, at Quarantine, on the body of an unknown man who was found drowned, The deceased was aged about twenty-seven years, five feet nine inches high; brown hair, light mustache; dressed in black dress coat, vest, and dark pants; patent loather equare-tood beota, Had on bis person an excur- sion ticket from Cemetery to New York, on the ral Railroad of New Jorsey, dated June 20, and marked “ for five days after date; oue $6 green- back, eghty conte currency, three keys on « rip; two sleeve buttons (silver), with a gold horse on eaoh; one shirt stad, branded with letter <M" in German text. Any earner eet bd oy applying to Coromer James Dempsey, New Brighton, Baten Tana, i ADJOURNMENT OF THE NEBRASKA LEGISLATURE. St. Lovin, June 26, 1967. The Nebraska Legisiature,adjourned on Monday night, THE REVOLUTION DOWN SOUTH. SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALO. Facts and Conclu on Reconstruction Drawn from Five Weeks’ Travel in the South—Progress of the Work in Kea- tucky, Tennessee, Alnbama, Geergias South and North Carolina and Virginia— Sweeping Political Reaction Resulting from ry’s Opinions and Congrese— The Evidence in the Registration—Tho Rea- sous Why=Tho Whole South in the Hands of the Republicans by Default—Their Effective Organization, Means and Agents, from the War Department to the Freedmeu’s Burenu— Helpless and All Adrift— “That's true,” said a practical matter-of-fact Southern Indy, a fellow passenger in 8 mountain stage coach, the other day, “that’s true, sir. To the observing traveller there is nothing like looking into these things for bim- self.” Acting upon this idea the commissioner of the New Yorke Haratp in the premises, in a wide ciroult of travel through the South, touching the existing condi. tion of affairs in the. unreconstructed States, has beon caroful to gather his tacts and conclustons from his own observations. In summing up the testimony thus col- lected the curious fact first recommends itself that in every Southern State through which we bave passed thore is a different state of things, more or less broadly defined, from that existing in any other Stata We find, indeed, in each Stato of the South a somewhat different people from those of any other, as well as @ different status on political affairs, notwithstanding the general fusion and confusion into which they have all been thrown by the tremendous convulsions of the last seven years, Entering the South by the central door of Kentucky at Louisville, we found that commonwealth of the Southern chivalry more in the dark and farther behind in the work of political reconstruction than any other of the late slave States, Nominally and officially at least one of the Union States during tho war, Kentucky has escaped the pains and penalties of reconstruction exacted from her Southern confederate States by Con- gress, With tho close of the war, her young and able bodied men, returning trom the disbanded rebel armies, placod hor at onco in the full possession of her Southern confederacy party, Thus she remains substantially to- day, excepting the abolition of slavery, as she was be- fore the war. She stil! adheres as stiffly as South Caro- na did in 1860 ta Cathoun’s old code of State righte— to General Quattlobum’s notions of Soathern chivalry, to Wigfall’s dotestation of Yankee abolitionists, and to the inland slave trader's propensity for thrashing or shooting a refractory nigger. In the single fact that in a Kentucky court of justice to-day the evidence of a negro is not admitted against a white man, or if ad mitted by courtesy it goes for nothing under the law of the State, the reader will understand that she has still to pass through the ordeal of reconstruction, and that it is probable her peculiar case wil not much longer escape the attention of a radical Congress touching the matter of “a republican form of government.’’ In Tennessee we find a striking example of a too hasty, crade and imperfect work of reconstruction. It was “Andy John:on's" work, when he proclaimed himself tho Moses of the black race, and that traitors must take back seats In the new church. As perfected by Brown- low, this thing of putting traitors into back seats has been so far carried into practice that a decided majority of the white men of the State are disfranchised for five years, while the doctrine of universal suffrage has been extended to the blacks. In other respects the pains and penalties against traitors are eo severe and so generally enforced as to create a violent state of excitement and wrath among Brownlow’s opposition eloments, not un- frequently resulting in euch arguments as bushwhack- ing, house burning and pistols and bowie knives, Thus the whole community of the too hastily reconstructed ‘State of Tennessee are now under the terror of a sort of border ruManism and State military despotism combined, which ail parties (except the officeholders) would gladly change for the federal military commander of Georgia or South Carolina, Alabama seems to have been so terribly thrashed, eo fearfully impoverished and #0 thoroughly demoralized and subdued by the war that her people do not seem to comprehend what has been left to thom, what is required of them, or what is to become of thom. They seem to have, however, ® pretty clear conviction that President Johnson can do nothing more for them, and that “Old Thad Stevens” is preparing a bill of confiscation, whereby the niggers and the poor whites are to become the landown- ers in the division of the estates of the present land- owners; in short, that the tandowners of to-day will to- morrow have to change places with the niggers and poor whites of the Union Leagues. Otherwise the people of Alabama of all classes, except the negroes, are too much absorbed in the struggle for existence to pay any atten. ton to politics, They are generally willing todo what is required of them, but if {1 takes too much time they will let it go, and trust toluck. ‘The radicals,” they ‘think, “can’t rule the roast forever.’’ Ia Georgia, as we passed through, they were in s more hopeful frame mind, and against the republicans, with their negro votes, the opposition were confident of their ability to carry the State, They were accordingly preparing for the registration, and with the intention of bringing their whole strength to the books, But this was before tho promulgation of the opinion of Attorney General Stanbery. Northern contributions of bread to the one hundred thousand destitute poor of ia had considerably softened the public mind towards the Doginging tobe foie. Georgia tn a. cheerfal"apirie ta ginal a irit, in of her widespread dostitution, ena, taco good cropa and aswnooth journey back into rees, and without any fear of failing under the con- trol of the radicals by the negro a Ia South Carolina, where thetwhites number only three hundred thousand souls against four hundred thousand emancipated the isroe of reconstruc- ton on both sides was acce) As a foregone conclusion. Great were the apprehensions of the whites of a negro state government, which, from the barbarie Sgactsuce of their blacks, will be apt to adopt such laws of heathen. ish confiscation, agrarianism and social equality as will make existence in the State intolerable to the white man and worse thea death to the white woman. On the side of the biacks there was at ee — of enthusiasm, aud they had already in their political meetings thrown out some ominous bints of making property exclusively pay the expenses of the ‘State, and of giving some unusual exemptions and State favors to the laboring class. In the presence of such facts Soath Carolina i: not the @rst State to which we iid recommend the white emigrant to go in search of home, bat she is the first from which we would coun- sel a removal of the distrustful white residents to some State where there is a whive majority. With her cher- ished system of African slavery abolished, and with equality set up to tte place, the manifest destiny uegro of South Carolina, if peace is to be maintained beiween her two races, is the relinquishment of her soil by the whites to the absolute occupation of the blacks. Judging from the present political antagonisms between the two races, Goneral Wade Hampton's negro meeting at Co- Jombia was @ delusion and @ snare. “Wo bave our rights to remember and our wrongs to settle,” said one of these Carolina biacks to another within our Passing from South into North Carolina, the traveller experiences an almost instantaneous feeling of relict. alarm t He soon discovers that there is no he whites; he hears no words of fearful im; muttered 6 blacks. [he whites are cheerful in cou- security im their strength, and the are pline which recognizes their weakness as against the whites, So little foar is here entertained ro- garding the blacks as@ political party that, while it is erally believed they have & sufficient white force at ir backs to give the radials the State, not the slight- Ot Gate 30 ee eties eee at In short, the i@ of North Carolina, whites and blacks, are ot and com! ‘and hardly a man a) to be urbed “= idea of the Ra ipe ee e hs the negro vote, ng posession State, party catchwords and claptrap have been extinguished in North Carolina, and the people are for some- thing new. The cage is or was much the same in Virginia a few days ago, with this difference, that the anti-radicals, or white party, par ation, were sanguine of gaining the State, even under the conditions of Congress in tue mat- tors of registration, white disfranchisement and univer- ‘sal negro suffrage. But tho opinions of Attorney General Stanbery on those laws of reconsiruction, and the warnings already thrown out of a July ses. sion of Congress, have suddenly changed ali this, Within the’ last three days Virginia has undergone @ great revolution, ‘The registrations show it, The oppasition to the radicals give the State, ask, “What is the ose of registering or voting? We are to have a new law from Congress, debase i and let as roy bin Ay = = ‘as anyhow; and should we behind our niggers upon the ed al, the Yankee mudails te be repisored? This aly gestion of Congress makes all this business a farce. And 80, from Virginia southward to racing all the ten excluded States, = ii i] Hl HE i : i z i i i i E 4 i rt] Hy i E eF ‘The steamship Columbia, Captain Barton, from Havana on the 22d inst., arrived at this port yesterday. Our thanks are due to the purser of the Colambia for Prompt delivery of our despatches and files. Havana, June 21, 1867. It tg no metaphor to call the Coolie immigration in Cuba “the white slave trade,” The Hsratp published ‘8 fall exposure of it in ite columns of the 20th of March last. The statements which I then Iaid before your readers were all gathered from facts, Many more proofs could be brought forward to expose the miserable condition and the bad treatment generally to which they are consigned after arrival at the plantations, It may be supposed that on signing their contracts in China, the terms are apparently made acceptable to the coolies; but does anyone ever inquire whether those terms and conditions are fulfilled on the part of the birer or his underlings? No. No one over investigates how these deluded bondsmen are treated by thelr taskmasters. There are scarcely any estates, how- ever numerous the gangs of ooolies may be, that have an interpreter, even of the most ordinary kind, and when such bappens to be the case he is so deficient in the language of the country that it on'y increases the confusion im any special cases of disorders or com- plaints from cithor side—the laborer or his master. Even supposing the contracts to be table to the coolie before he commences his hard experience wo all know that the conditions on the part of the hirer are seldom carried out, and never in strict accordance with the terms of the contract. In the absence of any proper interpreter. and the impossibility of the China- man establishing his complaints before a proper court, magistrate, or even the only appointed sindico who re- sides in the capital, and whose attributesare but nomi- nal, the poor coolie has no redress whatever, and th only difference between the arbi punishment of a negro slave and a coolie laborer is that the bamboo has been substituted in some cases of the lauer for the lash in the former. In cases of real or sup- posed crimes the Chinaman has no counsel to defend his case. What is the natural result of all this? T according to @ fair calculation made by competent jud; there ars at present ao jess than 6,000 runaway coolies hovering about the country whose labor is entirely lost to their employers, w! ile these coolies are a nuisance to the population at iarze and per- nicious to the rest of the laborers, both black and white, The planters are the first to exclaim against this state of things, although they are mainly themsclves the cause of it, in the absence of any proper government regula- tions, They find that the number of these runaways is = dispropor:ionate to the coolie population of laborers, the 17th inet, Spanish war steamer Ulloa, after taking ship stores, &c., Vera Cruz on the 14th inst, to ticios. en, ‘Spani rotui rom Santa Martha on the 17th ‘| id it i ie [ i 3 EEG i E E Hl i Le i ! i F i i Hf gf i tH (in ue Hy fF, if ! | idk F E fn i £ fi H i ef [fe ul 3° H i z Fe i E § tt lass al 5 3 if 2° iE ite E ep i id api ! i decrease Among the Coolles—The Municipalities and the General Tax—Question of a Mint at Havana—Reduction in Spanish Postage— Deficiency ia the Sagar Crop. ‘Havaxa, June 22, 1567. ‘The rapidly declining population of negro field labor. ers, and the increasing demand, if not necessity, arising from the steady augmentation in the production of sugar, render it expedient to provide fer some kind of substitutes, Various have beom the suggestions, and the press has not allowed the topic to pass unno- ticed; bat none have been found so far to supply the negro laborer bat the Chinese coolie, No o1 will deny to these a superiority in intelligence which can- not be awarded to a negro laborer, however superior the physical strength of the latter may be. There is besides acianship inherent in the coolies, to which the negroes are total strangers, The spirit of association among thomeelves is developed in them to a high degree, Let me give your readers one instance only, which I am en- abled to record, of a most successful issue of an asso- ciated gang of free coolies, who were last year in- duced by an intelligent planter to make a contract with bim for catting down all the cane on one of our large plantations, which produced no loss than seven thousand boxes of sugar. They fulfilled their engagement, to the mutual benoflt and satisfaction of the contracting parties, In all probability the same gang will engage In other contracts of importance, such as the hewing down of the forest timbers for fuei, &c, Other pianters will now no doubt open thoir eres, andi to 800 rit of asso- cattle breeding and professions, nor f< cent on the government tax on pity . The collection of the es was intended to be made by the government, in- cluding the extra municipality tax, an ica eta, asa wi main ip favor of the civic overnment coffers, Under these circumstances the The civio rds of Matanzas, Trinidad and some othes adopted the same course, and all the mu. nicipalities of the island wili ne doubt follow suit. pomee to mags oo. import re maint belog estaoloned in Havanse, there Isao doubt such ap institution would be highly desirable, ~ larly at the present moment or at Sy. eee ing oney io I ei new coloage was dopted ry ‘and therefore those in existence will mostly serve as a future commodity for exchange operations, the doublooa of Lge gr apa the new coins beanng Bo Dy rates of between Cuba and Spain have been reduced on letters to five cents for every twenty grammes by Spanish vessels, and twenty cents by foreign On or ” eeyhad ieee a ay“ it me some arrange- ment were concluded with the United Staies. pee | to the nue returns of the month of April last the total amount of duties collected at all the Custom Houses in Ou! including tonnage, house 747,446, Havana alone produced 740, Cardenas $62,391, and San- steamer Sonora ts finishing her and is to return shortly to vera Cruz wi some war material for the imperialists, but it does not that she will take any men. ‘This I will investi rat’ the proper time, The gives a banquet to-day Captain General to the exmo-Senor the new Director General of the civil of the administration. A to the Diario de Santiago de Cuba, 12th inst., nearly all the sugar crops in that jurisdiction were concluded. On many estates the result was a defl- ciency of forty per cent, and on the most favored plan- vations the decrease, as compared with last yoar’s crop, was from twenty to twenty-five per cent. The average obtained for muscovado sugar had been 334c. Rum ad given a still worse result, say 21 cents. The prices obtamed for coffee were also beiow iast year’s. It may be justly eaid that the planters could scarcely have seen & worse year. The activity noticed recently in the sugar market seems rather to increase than otherwise at tho advanced rates, and holders are firm on the actual basis of 0 re. for No, 12, In all probability prices will continue up- wards as we advance in the season. Among tho recent freight en, ments I notice Pina tpt charters :— Britian nj. Carver, ds. sugar, Sacua te Philadelphia, at $7 60. Bills on London sell at 113 to 12 per cent premium, and Paris per cent discount, New York currency varies from 28 to 30 per cent dis- count. The amount of specic received from January 1 to June 15 foots up $3,845,482, against $635,116 year, Smuggling in Cuba—The Bark Ocean Home~ Failures. Havana, June 21, 1867. ‘The new Chief Director of the Revenue for this island, Don Manuel de Lora, arrived hereon the 18th by the Spanish mail steamer Infanta Isabel, from Cadiz, Hie predecessor, Seflor Michelena, left¢he day previous for St, Nazaire by the Freach stea: therefrom is seldom, if e shared by the Bata divided betwosa ther alorts and the of Several quite ce Sarg are lately reported, and alsogether confidence is not fully restored in commercias circles. hae the British bark King Harol: fae a Meseaanh SG Yo have died on the 1 Havana, June 22, 1867. The steamer Corsica, Captain Le Mcssurier, from Nas- sau, Bahamas, on the 19th inst., arrived at this port yes terday, I learn from Grand Bahama that the corn crops were looking favorably, and sugar cane, plantains, bananas and potatoes were in a healthy condition. They write from Andros Isiand that the corn erops about those parte would bea failure, as the heavy fale of rain were rather too late to remedy the loss ocom- sioned by the long drought. The weather was again fine, with delightful breezes from the north, the thermometer at, see, Seneenbans ‘ted to the A otton planting, baving about sixty troes in a flourishing state, He intends te jarge bie plantation as soon as be can obiain fresh seed, ore it ® presumed that other enterprises will fol- low rapidly. A I-bost Pacis toot plas oa the 6th inst, free to all boats from twoto three fect keel; distance from Hog Isiand to the eastward of Potter's Cay. The prizo was'a silver cup for the winner, and tho second boat to save ber entrance monoy. THE DOMINION OF CANADA. SPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE HERALD. The New Cabinet and Diticulty of Its Forma- tion—Apportionment of Sente—The First Officers Under the meek ‘i aaa . *MpoGlock EM The Globe newspaper says that either the Cabinet must contain twelve or eighteen bers, 80 as to proserve proportions, In the one case there would be four seats each for the two Uanadas, and two each for the two maritime provinces, In the latter case the figures would be six and three respectively, In the first case Lower Canada could not have both Galt and McGee unless the French Canadians wore satisfied with two mombers, which is not, the Globe thinks, likely. Another report is that the Cabinet will consist of fitteen members, five for Ontario, four for Quebec and three each for Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. The my oy promises to give the arrangements {a full in a few Itis nserstood that the following gentlemen will com- the first ministry of the new dominion:—\ae- ,.. Premier; Cartier, Tilley, Galt, Mo Archibald, Blair, Campbell, Howland, Mitchell, Hentey, Langervim and Belloau. It is reported that the Hon. W. H. Draper, 0. B., Chief Justice of Upper will be the First ant hg dee At Ontario, Bir will be the First Lieut that the generals commanding the in tho several Provinces will be appointed temporary wenant Gov- “The Governor Goneral will be sworn in at Quebec om the Ist of July. inet will return to the The absent members of Cadi ike new Canines ital by that and it wi ve cworn nee the same or shortly afterwards, The officers and clerks of the Crown Lands Depart- mont have been paid their removal allowance, and the department will be divided and sent to Ontario and Quebeo during the ensuing month. THE CALEDONAN GAMES AT JONES’ WooD, ‘The New York Caledonian Club, which devotes itself to perpetuating the memory of motherland in the hearts of Sootia’s children i America, will assomble to-day at Jones’ Wood, and from nine o'clock in the morning ‘until eight o’élock in the evening the air will resound with shouts of joy and festivity, mingled with tones of the land pi gp mae g yee vate the Ay nihote frm al pare aeeaes contend {a frie walry for the honors and pi we awarded each trial or # Scottish ree! will be wi and heavy weights, pa time to which skill and amusement are combined wilt’ be induiged in.