The New York Herald Newspaper, June 14, 1867, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY JUNE 14, 1867.-TRIPLE ‘SHER. 8, says the yellow fever was increasing rapidly. Mr. Hoffmaa, the Juarez Consul, had eailed for the United Blates, ‘The business of tho Constitutional Convention yestor- day was entirely confined to the consideration of the report of the Committee of Sixteen on the best practical mode of proceeding to revise and amend tho constitution. ‘The case of John H. Surratt was resumed yesterday. Twenty-six talosmen were summoned and appeared in court, when counsel for the prisoner filed their challenge to the new array. Twelve of the talesmen selected by the defence and prosecution! were then sworn, only three of them being retained as jurors, The Marshal was ordered to summon one hundred talesmen, and the court adjourned. William RB. Stewart has been appointed by the Gov- ernor ono of the Board of Audit of claims against tho city of New York vice Judge Woodraff, resigned. Tho Congressional excursioniste, who bave just re- turned from a trip over the Eastern division of the Union Pacific Railroad, travelled from Philadelphia to the centre of the continent, over three thousand miles, without change of cars. Two negroes were hung by a mob in Wyandotte, Kansas, yesterday, on suspicion of having murdered @ farmor named McMann a fow days ago, The rope broke while they were hanging, and they were shot to pieces by the ringleaders, Senator Wade and his excursion party passed through the town in the evening, and Wade being called upon for a speech refused to comply, asserting that he would not speak ina town where mob law reigned. The negroes, it is since ascertained, wore innocent. Captain Howe, of the ship Ellen Southard, died at sea while bound from Hong Kong for San Francisco, on the 6th ult., and his wife took command of the vesse! in his stead. President Johnson has accepted the invitation of the Mayor and Masonic fraternity of Boston to visit that city on tho 24th inst., on the occasion of the laying of a corner stone of the new Masonic Temple. A white man named Gilden, in Kentucky, has boon summoned by the United States Court to produce the body of a negro girl, formerly his slave, whom it is alleged he still retains in slavery. It is reported that ata recent Cabinet meeting it was decided by the President and all the mombers excopt Secretary Stanton that thilitary commandera in the South have no right to remove civil officers. Governor Brownlow has placed Gencral Joseph A. Cooper in command of the Tennossee militia, and says that the term of service of the forces will depend on the conduct of the peoplo of the State, ¢ The sensation among the “fancy” yesterday was the combat between Sam Collyer and Barney Aaron, near Acquia Creek, Va, for the championship of American liaht weights, After a stoutly contested struggle of one hour and fifty-two minutes’ duration and the inter- change of sixty-eight rounds Sam refused to come to time, and Barney was red the champion. NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. tion and aiealing. It must not become the President's proteo‘or by diverting the national gaze to such infinitely little matter. It must go straight to the mark—boldly, fairly, openly, in the eyes of the nation and the world—and impeach him for the high crime and misdemeanor of a usurpation of power, of the exercise of authority against the law, of con- spiring with his Cabinet to render null and inoperative laws the energetic and honest en- forcement of which was vitally necessary to the prosperity of the people and the peace and welfaro of the country. On these broad issues he must be impeached and removed, and it must be done this summer, or it will be too late; for the President now has the whole game in his hands, and needs only time, He can ap- point to civil office in the South or have appointed whom he pleases. His oreatures can do what they will. There is no military control. Commanders cannot remove State officers, and the noxt thing we shall hear will be that the State officers are debating their power to remove the commanders. Conflict is inevitable, and Congress must meet to deter- mine by its action which side shall prevail. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, JR, MANAGER, BROADWAY AND ANN STREET, Volume XXXII. AMUSEMENTS THIS BVENING, BROADWAY THUEATR street.—Leas, TAR Fonsal near Broome Broadway. . WORRELL SISTERS sito New York Hotel. —Fav anp tas Davit's Daavau is Last Laas, THEATRE FRANCAIS, Fourteenth astreat, and Sixth avenue.—La Fittx pe L'Avank—Enoisu Sroxen HeRE, OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broudway.—Tasasune Taovs. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Eustacux—Covsin Sneimsn—Verexan oy Muinrra. IRVING HALL. Irving piace.—Taw ALuEGuaNians 4xD Swiss Beit Rixcxns. ACADEMY OF MU: Teours ov Jaraxxse A. ig place. —Tae Inrensat ‘amin Woxpgnrut Fears. RELS, 5% Brosdway, opposite politan Hotel—In Tam Kraiorian Exreerain INGING, DANCING AND BURLESQURS.—TkeAsuaE Tus GOLD HUNTERs—PoOLtTiCaL ADDRESS. SAN FRANCISCO MIN: the The Mexican Nows, Our special despatches from Mexico, dated San Luis, May 28, contain news of the gravest importance. On Tuesday, the 21st ult., Moxi- milian, in conference with Escobedo, made certain propositions for the lives of bimself and some of his generals. These propositions embraced an abdication in favor of Juarez and the surrender of Mexico city and Vera Cruz. They were unqualifiedly rejected by Juarez, the distinguished captives reimprisoned with doubled guards, and a trial by court mariia! ordered. The sessions of the court are held in secret, its place of sitting and the witnesses examined being unknown to the public. The entire pro- ceedings are compressed into admissions of the prisonera. The decision in Maximilinn’s case will doubtless rule in all the others, whether for life or death. As a last faint hope the ex-Eimperor has denied the jurisdiction of the Court. He claims with dignity that “he is a government recognized by all the civilized nations of the globe except the United States, and liable to be tried only by 8 congress of nations.’ Strange to say, this plea has stopped for a time the proceedings of the Court, and books on inter- national law are being patiently scanned by the Juarez Ministry, with the hope of throwing some light on this perplexing point. And thus the matter rests. Our dates from the capital are to the 25th of May. Everything was in the most horrible condilion—forced loans, gambling, the starvation of the masses, and the sul- ferings of every class of the population, are depicted in a tone that indicates that the con- duct of the commander of the besieged impe- rialists is more fearful than anything we have had to record in the history of that unfortunate country. The “tiger” Marquez, knowing that if he falls into liberal bands his life will pay for his innumerable misdeeds, is making every effort of desperation io hold out to the last. His forced subscriptions are perfect outrages upon the inhabitants, and, in many c2ses, they partake in their nature of downright robbery. An intercepted letter from Maximilian to Mar- quez shows how little dependences the Arch- duke has been able to place upon his generals, and how they have betrayed bis confidence. In fact, from all sources it appears that Maxi- milian has had around him the most des- porate and unprincipled mon of Mexico. The surrender of the strongest fort in Queré- taro for a paltry sum of money is but another proof of it Yet thess men were the first among the party which the intervention pro- claimed were the respectable classes of the country and the educited gentlemen of the land. Such men as Marquez are now giviny them bitter proo’s of their theory, and they have made Maximilian drink of imperial dregs until throne and honor have disappeared. The letter of Maximilian is peculiarly pathetic, and shows in every line the betrayed man. It is evident that he counted very much upon the return of Marquez to Querétaro with reinforce- ments and supplies sufficient to overthrow the poorly managed army of Escobedo. Had his orders been obeyed the empire might have lived a fow months longer. Tis fate, however, was sealed when the French deserted the party whose cause they espoused. President Juarez, it appears, oxpects that Diaz will soon take Mexico, and then will com- mence the progress of Mexican reconstruction. It would be amusing and iustructive to our people if, after all this Mexican turmoil, they succeeded in first restoring their country to a peaceable condition. KELLY & LEON" aite the New York Hol rmcirius, Bunixsques, 13, 730 Broadway. oppo. Soxas, Daxces, Bocas. TR THein a—Tue Jars. FIFTH AVENUE OPERA HOUSR, Nos. 2and4 Twonty-fourth street.—Guirrin & Cunisrr's Misra Rrmorian Minereeisy, BaLtaps. Buuresquas, Ac. Bogus Jarancsx Jvagiras—lum Rivat's Kexpezvous. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 21 Bowery.—Coma Vooarism. Ro MiINeTRELSY, BuRumsquas, Balinr Divude ‘tisaxment, &c.—Tax Wire Croox. EATRE, 472 Broadway.— Burwesques, Krurorian, BUTLER'S AMERICAN Bauurr, Fance, Pant Comic AND'SENTINENTAI aLises, £C, TERRACE GARDEN, Third Avenue and Fifty-cighth and Fifty-ninth streets,—Taxopors Tuomas’ POPULAR GARDEN Concwurs, at $ o’Clock P.M, HOOLEY'SOPERA HOUSE, Brooklya.—Pratortay Mine sree, BaLLaps AND BURLESQUES.—Tug Txaniric F Light OF THX JAPANESE, Hall. corner of t_B.—Moving Mime SIXTY MAGNIVICENT 24 o'clock. Twenty-thint st won ov Tn Boanes. Matinee every afterno NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY. 618 Rroadway.— Heap saxo Riaur ARM of Prosst—Tnx Wasntnaron iINS—WoNDERS IN NaTuRAu Higrony, Science anv ART. mes Day. Open from 8 A.M, till WP, ML ‘ork, Friday, June 14, 1867, THE NEW s. meray 73 EUROPE. ‘he news report by the Atlantic cable is dated yesier- day evening, June 13, Lord Monck, Viceroy of Canada, has sailed for.Quebec. The Sultan of Turkey will leave Constantinople for Paris next Tuesday, and the King of Egypt is expected in the French capital daily, Corydon, the Irish informer, has ‘been almost murdered by the Fenians in Waterford. Consols closed at 9434 for money in London, Five- twenties were at 73 in London, and 777% in Frankfort, The Liverpool! cotton market closed firmer, with mid- dling uplands at 113;d. Breadstuffs unaltered, Provi- sions were without material change. By tho steamships Cimbria and Persia at this port Yosterday wo received our European files dated to the Ist of June. The papers coatain interesting details of our cable despatches to that day. THE CITY. The Board of Aldermen met yesterday afternoon, but there being no quorum present when the roll was called tho Board was declared adjourned, ‘The Board of Hoaltt: was in session yesterday and the ‘weekly report of the Sanitary Superintendent relative to tenement house inspections was read. The Board of Excise was also in session, but no business of importance was transacted, The recular monthly meeting of the Union League Club was hold last night at {ts rooma, corner Nineteenth street and Broadway. The business transacted was of a private character. The annual regatta of the New York Yacht Club wag held yesterday. The bay presented a brilliant show of fine steamers and beautiful sailing craft, decorated for the occasion in the:r brightest colors, There were hun- dreds of spectators present, and a fieet of excursion boats accompanied the yacht their race around the Lightship and back to Owl's Head, the place of starting. The day was very unfavorable to yachting, there being ecarcely any wind, and the large yachts suffered severely at one time in consequence of the calm. The winning veasels were the schooner Phantom and sloop Evelyn. ‘The time of the leading yachts returning to the stake boat was as follows:—Phantom, 5 h. 11 min.; Palmer, 6h. 22 min. 30 sec. ; Magic, $b. 25 min. 5 sec.; Daunt- tom, 5 bh. 29 min, 10 sec. ; Evelyn, 5 h. 43 min. Affine of $25 each was imposed upon about fifty absent jurors yosterday in Part 2 of the Superior Court, The list includes the names of a number of Prominent men, merchants, &c., and among others that of Cyrus W. Field. There are more fines imposed during the year upon delinquent jurors in this branch of this court than in ail the other courts together. A case is now op trial in the Superior Court in which the plaintiff, William Elmer, sues for the recovery of $49,000, u balance claimed to be due on the sale to oné RW. Milbank of three cighths of four letters patent for the manufacture of various kinds of illaminating ro Businoss was moderate yesterday ia almost all depart- montis of trade. Domestic produce was generaily lower, while merchandise was frm at previous rates. Coffee was: more active and steady in value, Cotton was a shade Qrmer. On ‘Change flour was moderately active and 100, to 20c. lower. Wheat was dull and nominal, Corn opened lower, but closed Grmer. (ats declined Ic. a rs Pork was quiet and s shade casior, while beef remained Grm. Lard was in fair demand and a shade frmor. Freights were higher. Naval stores ruled duli and generally heavy, while petroleam was almost neglociod and decidedly lower. MISCELLANEOUS. Our special telegram from San Luis Potosi is dated May 28. The court martial of Maximilian was in secrot session. He had entered a plea denying the jurisdiction of the court and claiming that only could try him = This sation in the proceedings until the law on the subject could be discussed by the Juarez Ministry. It wil be seen that our correspondent, who has beea all the time with the ox-Emperor, makes no mentien of the bogus pro- clamation recently reported as coming from the captive prince. Our letters from the city of Mexico are of various Gates, the iatest being May 25. A letter from Max- ‘milian denouncing the course of Marquez at Mexico city bas been intercepted and published, He charges him with failing to come with his troops to the relief of Quorétaro as he was ordered to do, and dechnes any share in the responsibility attending his violence and robbery at the capital The siege was slowly progress- ing. A portion of Diaz's command at Puebla had muti- miod, and pronounced in favor of the empire, Eighty- goven of them were captured, and by order of Diaa were immediately shot, Marquez is reported to have become desperate and marriod bis mistress. Ten thousand trpops from Querétaro arrived on the 24th to reinforce ‘Dies. Our Rio Janeiro correspondence is dated May 7. The oholera was raging in the Brazilian camp on the river Piatto, It had taken off nearly seven hundred men in four days, Two thousand troops had beem despatched to Corrientes to restrain the populace from destroying ‘the hospitals, General Uruquiza had ten thousand mon near Corrientes, and it was rumored that he declared against the alliance. Marquis Caxias would probably give battle to the Paraguayans aga‘nst his own judgment, being urged to it by outside influence. The tmperial government had politely declined the proffered media tion of the United States im the war with Paraguay. Our Buenos Ayres correspondence gives dolefal accounts of the cholera in that State, The streets of the city were filled witnfunerals and people were dying om the piers, in the bedges, about the doorsteps and everywhere. Crowds ‘wore rushing away from the infection and ovary lite hamlet in the interior was crowded with #iyhted re- The Cabinet Dect: he Powers of Com- munders—New Obstacles te Roconstrac- tion. Reconstruction still slips away from the national grasp; still, like a very Tantalus draught, cheats the eager wishes of the people. It is published on the authority of the Washing- ton Intelligencer that the President and his Cabi- net have decided the question of power in the Southern States against the military command- ers and in favor of the civil State authorities, holding that the generals “have no power to remove civil officers deriving their authority from the State governments as now organized.” This decision is further said to be in accord- ance with an elaborate opinion of the Attorney General on the same point. It must be obvious at the first glance, as well as apparent on deep reflection, how villanously the President and his Cabinet will stultify thems:lves by instruct- ing ‘he district commanders to this effect With what cool defiance of reason, with what shameless indifference to public indignation, we are told that a law of Congress shall be what the President pleases; that the expressed will of the nation shall have from the Execu- tive no more respect than his old glove ; that he will turn it inside out, twist It and torture it to any purpose or any shape, as the whims, humors, petulancies and partisan bargains of the hour may require. Hardly have those sen- tences ceased to echo on the public ear in which the President declared that the power of the military commanders was absolute, was despotic, was without limit, was paramount and above all question for any and every pos- sible purpose of right or wrong; and now this: same President declares that his own words were trash, blatant nonsense, mere vaporing, and that the law is a harmless weapon in the hands of helpless men ; that it means nothing, and that under it those same terrible com- manders cannot take even the s'mplest steps to prevent interference with them in the discharge of thelr duty. The country will be puzzled which phase of this event shonld most move it: whethe: the President’s quiet defiance of the nation and decency should more excite indig- nation, or the clown-like completeness of his somerset stir contempt. We are to have a deliberate piece of legis- lation put forth from the Executive Chamber— an “order in council”—on imperial decree or ukase nullifying absolutely the Reconstruction laws passed at the last session of Congress, and declaring that the President's policy still lives and is paramount to all law. Weil might the President have believed his own declaration that Congress had no legitimate power in the government, since we see that in fact it has none, and that it only wasted the words in which it expressed the people’s wiil. Attorney General Stanbery used no idle expression in the Supreme Court when he declared that his sympatiies were on “the otherside.” Between the President and his lawyer and the stultified Cabinet that agreed to the President's vetoes and now agrees to one more veto, we see the defunct State rights doctrine again rising to trouble the nation with its putrid presence. Functionaries “deriving their authority from the State governments,” they tell us, shall be safe and sacred. No general shall touch them. They may do what they please—they may be obstructive and factious and impracticable, according to the example set in Washington; and if the generals find it impossible to carry out the laws with such civil officers fighting them at every step, why, then, the generals may resign! That is what the law of Congress comes to. Rebel hatred of reconsiruction will have lost all its ingenuity and animus if, under such a rule and with the guidance of the makers of that rule, it does not utterly kill every point of the law that the North desires should be kept alive. We have rebuked cer. tain generals for their interference with free speoch; but free political action with Southern State officers is quite another thing. If the generals cannot interfere with that we ought trom humanity to do one of two things—either call them home or increase the number of sol- diers in their commands. Congress must mect in July. It must meet with the resolute will to carry on the move- ment, now greater and more necessary than ever, of impeaching and removing Andrew Johnson from the executive chair. If it does not do this, then the war will have been in vain. It must throw away and trample upon all pitiful pleas, all such miserable arguments as its committees have concerned themselves with—pantry cases, perdoa pluader, corrug- ‘The Fass About Jef is. The politicians have been doing their best to make a fuss over Jeff Davis and keep up his notoriety before the country. For all this Congress, the Executive and the judiciary are alone to blame. They should have tried Jeff Davis for treason just as soon as possible after his capture; and as treason is defined in the constitution to mean “levying war against the United States, or adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort,” there could be no doubt of his conviction, and he should have been punished by banish- ment forever from the country he sought to destroy. This would have satisfied the loyal people, have vindicated the war for the preservation of the Union, and have rendered treason odious in the future. But instead of this, Congress, the Executive and the judiciary have all alike displayed a narrow, selfish, time-serving policy, and have shown them- selves utterly unfit to grasp great public questions as statesmen and patriots. In play- ing their paltry little game of politics against each other they enffered Davis to remain for two years imprisoned without a trial, and then turned him loose on straw hail, to the stultifica- tion of the government and the utter disgust of the people. And now crazy agitators, cunning copperheads and ranting radicals, are availing themselves of the imbecility of our rulers to sustain their own peculiar views in relation to the war and its consequences, and to keep up the fuss over Jeff Davis. The trath is, history alone can properly fix the merits and responsibilities of all parties in the late rebellion. The time will come—and we are now rapidly @pproaching it—when the odium of a wicked war which has cost the nation so many valaable lives and such # vast amount of treasure will be laid at the right doors, and when the violent and vindictive abolitionists of the North. and the violent and fugeea Qur Havana correspondent. writing ander date of June vindictive pro-slavery agitators and secession- ists of the South will be held up to general execration as the originators of all the na- tion’s troubles, The people are beginning to underatand this well; and if Greeley, Gerrit Smith, Ben Wade, Wendell Phillips, and men of that stamp in the North, with Davis, Mason, Slidell, and their fellows in the South, could be tried for treason and sent out of the country, it would only be what they deserve, and would be entirely satisfactory to the people. The folly, partisanship, recklessness and violence of these extromists on both sides brought on the war, and it would have beon a good thing for the nation if they had all been caught in an early stage of the rebellion and strung up in rows upon the same sour apple tree. The National Bank System a National Fraud. The national banks are a gross fraud upon the public in two ways—a doublo fraud : first upon the people individually, who are induced to believe they are all safe because they are called national and have a sort of connection with the government; and next upon the peo- ple generally, because they hold privileges and appropriate a large amount annually that belong to the people and the government. Let us explain: Firat, with regard to indi- viduals doing business or depositing with the national banks. The mass of the people are not aware that these banks are no safer and afford no more security for deposits or busi- ness transactions than any other banks or com- mercial and business establishments, They suppose that these associations, being invested with a national character and name, and the government undertaking to redeem their cir- culating notes, must, therefore, be safe. But individual depositors, or individuals doing business with them in any way, are just a3 liable to be cheated as they would be by the firm of Smith, Brown & Jones. The government is not reaponsible, and cannot afford relief to the victims. They are not so safe, in fact, as the old well known banking houses were, for the reason that these had a long established credit and carefully guarded their reputation, whereas the national banking associations are newly created, and many of them are composed of or governed by mere speculators. This has been seen by the failure of the national banks at Washington, New Orleans and other places. There the people have realized the rottenness and insecurity of these institutions; but else- where they have yet to learn, we fear, trom bitter experience. In plain words, the whole system isa fraud. The government, by giving the banks s national aame and character, and by fostering them, ts really playing 9 con- fidence game and chéating the public. Even their circulation could not be redeemed by the government in » great crisis or general smash- up, notwithstanding the assurances of Mr. Comptroller Spinner or Mr. Secretary MoCul- loch to the contrary. But the national bank system is a fraud upon the people gencrally—upon the country, be- cause it takes over twenty millions a year in profits on a circulation which private com- panies ought not to have. The currency is the money of the country, and should not be issued by the government for the benefit of private cor- porations, The profits of this circulation belong to the people and the government; yet they are given away to the individual stockholders and managers of the national banks. Such a boon is not conceded even to the Bank of England, notwithstanding all its valuable services to the State. The British government takes two- thirds of the profits of ita circulation not repre- sented by specie in its vaults. In no other country has the government reokleasly given away such a vast privilege without any conj sideration. Nowhere has the mass of the people been so defrauded for the benofit ofa favored few. It is the greatest anomaly in a republican country. We are surprised that such an act as that creating the national bank- ing associations ever passed or is pormitied to remain in force. There is no parallel to such stupidity and extravagance on the part of a government. The people are bowed down with the weight of debt and taxation, both federal and State, and the revenue of the gen- eral government is declining to such a degree that we are threatened with an increase of 3 yet we throw away over twenty millions ay Such stupidity and recklessness would be hardly credible if we did not see it. And how simple the remedy! Just withdraw the national bank currency, issue legal tenders in its place, and with these buy up and cancel three hundred millions of interest-bearing bonds. Thus we should have a better, safer and sounder currency, without increasing the volume of it—a truly national currency—and should save twenty millions a year by the operation. Are we not right, then, in saying that the national bank system is a fraud upon the country? Still, these are not the only evils, great as they are, connected with the system. The facilities for cheating the public are such that we may expect a general collapse before long, and universal bankruptcy and ruin as the consequence. The failures we have referred to and noticed from time to time, as well as the condition of the banks generally, indicate what is coming. They are, too, the great maelstrom which draws in and absorbs the profits of industry. Their dividends and surpluses are hardly less than a hundred millions # year. The dividends of some of them ran up to from twenty-five to sixty per cent, This, however, does not strengthen or make them more secure gener- ally, because they run into speculation, and must, in the end, exhaust the means of the people. The system is a great bubble, like the grand South Ses scheme of Law in the last cen- tury, which, in time, must burst, bringing ruin and bankruptcy in its train. But in addition to the evils of this monstrous monopoly to which we have advertcd, it is a gigantic politi- cal machine, threatening the institutions of the country and liberties of the people. Broad and comprehensive as our republican system is, resting upon the whole people, we are aware of the danger that lics in the combined power of such am enormous capital. There is no doubt that the founder of the national banks, Chief Justice Chase, deliberately calculated the influence of these banks, and expected to be carried by it to the Presidency. Indeed, sucha power could in ordinary times make or unmake @ President. We hed some experience of a vast and dangerous moncyed power in the old United States Bank ; but that was insignificant compared to the power of the national banks. In overy point of view, therefore, commercially, financially politically, to save the y ‘and from benkruptcy, the from pire age ow oppressign by. 0 gigantic monopoly, and our institutions from danger, Congress ahot!d, without dolay, repeal the National Bank act. Pho Condict of Civil and m Naty Authority, As the indications come fx.™ 8! points of the political compass we perom Y° Prepara- tions for new strife between the va.10Us fac- tions. The party journals seem disp'sed to involve the country in another quarrel, They are evidently enger for a fight upon some issue, and they do not seem to be particular as to what it is. The removal of General Sheridan from his command in Lou- isiana and Texas, where he has apparently used his authority under the law of Congress with firmness allied to discretion, and we be- lieve enjoys the full approbation of General Grant in the performance of, his duties, forms & portion of the policy of one branch of the party press, and is just as earnestly resisted by the other. The decision of the Cabinet council restricting the functions of the mili- tary commanders of the Southern districts, as reported in our columns to-day, would seem to leave General Sheridan and the other four commanders shorn of their powers. It is clear that military and civil authority cannot be co- existent. They cannot exercise co-ordinate jurisdiction. ither the military authority must have free scope to employ its functions as a police—which we regard it as now con- stituted in the South—and remove all obstruc- tions to the proper enactments of the law, whether these obstructions appear in the shape of civil office holders or private individuals, or it must be abandoned altogother. Any at- tempt to harmonize the two systems must prove a failure. Henoo tho denial of the right of military commanders to remove civil officers brings tho two authorities at once into conflict, and places the elements of the federal and tho State governments in hostility. ~-*-~—.... We are not assured that the President has ac- cepted the advice of his Cabinet on this ques- tion of the conflict between military and civil power. Wecan see through the clouds and storms that darken the horizon a pretty clear pathway. Lot the programme set down in the laws of Congress tending to reconstruction be carried out-according to the Presidert’s inter- pretation of them in his messages, and there will be little difficulty. But how far are we from such a result? It is evident that the dif- ferent political factions are opening up ques- tions of tho most radical and revolutionary character. Such agitators as Wendell Phillips are preaching confiscation of Southern property and a code of persecution. Senator Wade ad- vocates in his feeble way the principles of Proudhon, that proporty is robbery, and so it is with all the factionists who are contributing their little efforts to drive the country to destruction. In so far as the adage is universally true, that history repeats itself, we are not at a loss for a parallel for our present political condi- tion. The war of factions, which may be set down as an inherent evil in all great nations, has produced like results everywhere ; nor can we, with all our boasted civilization, “modern improvements,” intelligence and experience, learned from history, claim an exemption from the general law. From the turbulent days of ancient Rome, when Lucius Cornelius Sylla, the iconoclast of Athenian art, and the master mind of conscription and confiscation in his own country, led the aristocratio faction and ground plebeianism into the dust, until the time of the second Cmsar Augustus, factionism ruled the destinies of Rome. In the person of Augustus the “one man power” was asserted; its hand was placed firmly on the helm, and the factions which con- summated their agitation in the homicide of the first Cesar were brought under control. From that time faction lost its sting. Augustus was master of the situation. Although re- nowned as the patron of art and poetry, he was none the less observant of political events, nor leas active to control them. We may find another evidence of the mis- chief of faction as developed by the English revolation of King Charles’ time. From the first evidence of popular discontent with the administration of the government the country was divided into factions, and the Parliament was the nursery of all the factioua feeling that pervaded the public mind; but Cromwell sup- pressed them all when he grappled with the Parliament, and on his individual responsi- bility, with the army at his back, wiped them oui of existence and took the authority into his own hands. In the French revolution of 1789 factionism raled the hour. It prevailed in the Conven- tion ; it governed the national policy, so far as there was any policy then existing; it organized proscription; it inaugurated confis- cation, and it sanctified the guillotine. It was the interposition of military power by Napoleon which alone saved France from the anarchy and bloody horrors that faction had impressed upon it. As with Rome, with England and with France, we cannot escape the inevitable event which follows a revolution; but we reach the end in a far different way. While other nations had to rely upon military dictators and the appliance of arms for their reconstruc- tion, we propose to send our military chieftain into power as President of the republic by the voice of the people, expressed through the bal- lot box, ih accordance with the law and the constitution, and we expect, furthermore, that after the election of Grant we shall enjoy a government as secure as that which Washing- ton left us after the revolution. All the hostile and distarbing elements will be subdued. In the North and the South his elevation to the Presidency will be equally welcomed, and we shall probably find our Cwsar, our Cromwell and our Napoleon embraced in the one name-— Grant—the choice of the people, who will quietly put all the factions out of sight and set the country on its feet. When this comes about we shall have no further trouble about the conflict of military and civil authority in any portion of the United States. ‘The Japanese and the Ram Stonewall. We notice by our Washingtoa despatches, published in another part of the paper, that the rn eee pect Congress will probe (his matter thorough! and then we thall sce how oficial influenos hes been used to aid these plundorers in this dis graceful business, ‘The State Department, for reasons best known to itself, may try to hush up the matter, but the truth must come out —_— Colombia, Panama and Porn. The troubles in the northwestern ropublica of South America appear to increase rapidly. Panama, it appears, bas finally determined to atrike for her independence, as she should do, ancl cut loose at once from the turmoil of the comtry by which she appears to be cursed. The attempt to capture the steamer Bolivia was, bo wover, 80 foolish in its planning that we can but feel a contempt for such a miserable failure and’ the brains that planned it. Moro- over, the fon °cd loans which have called out a protest from the consuls appear to be another act of the sam? head. We may expect to ace hot work on the ,Isthmus ere long, as the result of all the curious ,"oubles to which the Panima Railway has given r3e- The result will doubt- less be the independextce of the Isthmus and a final protectorate over it by the United States, Mosquera, who so long hid up the ultra} liberal party of Colombia, although now head-° ing a revolation in favor of Eoglixh and French’ interests for the Panama road, can do nothings! He has raised up agsinst him not pnly the! Church faction, which have always beon his bold opposers, but also the liberal party of the’ country. We predict for him but a short iesse. of power. © pa f Peru gives us no hops of a percefil sottte- | ment of her difficultics, Old Castillo has landed on her soythern border with a small military fU%ce, seized fifty. cases of rifles on board the Enzlish mail steamer, and threatens to settle the trouble between Prado and his) Congress in a summary way. So the South’ American war music constanily reackes our ears, and the tune threatens to be continued with slight variations for some years to come, Tho New Post Office Plans. Blunder number two hasat length been com- mitted in behalf of the new Post Office, and the plans of this second blunder are on exhibition in Broadway. The plan of blunder number ono is the valueless deed of a piece of property which the city had no right to sell, but finally disposed of ata song. But the architectural plans are now before the public, and the happy method of numbering, them has been hit upon instead of writing the} architect’s name. This, it is supposed, will cause an impartial judgment; but we fancy it, will preserve rather the reputation of many off the architects, who, had their names been; attached to their designs, would have to close their offices. The greater part of the plans appear to have been designed for any locality rather than the City Hall Park. China, Con- stantinople or Northern Africa are better suited to them. In the first instance the artiata, with one or two exceptions, appear to have given no attention to the surroundings of the Park or the architecture of the buildings in ita vicinity, as did the architect who designed the’ Heraw building. The first thing for an artist to study: is the demand of the locality, and the neglect of this has caused the tailure which is'so evideat in the plans already presented. Many of the designs, too, look cramped, lack boldncss and’ grace of construction. So clear is this that the: committee will have their brains but little troubled to make the best selection, provided’ the job is to be forced upon the public and an immense sum drained from an already over burdened people. Among the plans which’ have approached the demands of the locality are thirty-one and thirty-one anda half; but still there is much lacking about them, Twenty-nine, twenty-five and sixteen all possess considerable merit. Number thirty-nine has much architectural beauty of proportions, and the artist appears to have outdone the others in studying the requirements of the ground; but all of them require enormous outlays, and we are too well educated in expenditures for public works to suppose that the first estimate will suit those who manage the job and know that the public purse can be bled for double the amount. = The proper location for a Post Office is where it can be of the greatest public advan- tage and where it is the most central. At the Five Points a whole square might be pur- chased for the amount that has already been foolishly wasted on this job. The Five Points would give advaniages to the public that no other location confers, and it would, more- over, demand less money, by millions of dollars, to suit a building to it than to any other in the city. Better at once throw aside all these fancy Post Office plans, buy a proper estate’on the Five Points and set the artists at work on a job that will build up, not dostroy, the beauty of the city. Panch and Judy. The Tribune and Times seive merely as sub- stitutes for Punch and Judy. This is particus larly shown in the manner in which they treat - the Albany murder. tion and Judy in the other. The one says that Cole should be hanged, and the other says that he should not. The arguments which they urge in support of their views are just what are to be expected as coming from the show box. These and other indications of the peculiar moral condition of our community compel us to say that the best thing Punch and Judy can do will be to advocate the throwing open, the doors of the State Penitentiaries and letting all its inmates out. It would be consonant with the spirit of the age as pictured by Gerilt Smith and company, and would furnish us with a choice selection of candidates for Con- grees, the Legislature and the Common Coun- cil. The members thus elected would be worthy of their places and their places would be worthy of them. Barnum on His Legs Agnia. We see that Barnum has sold out his palace in Connecticut and is about to purchase another on Fifth avenue. We suppose that he comes to reside in this city with a view to run- ning as candidate for one of oar Congressional districts. We think that he has « fair chance of being elected by any of our metropolitan constituencies, but particularly by the one that elected Morrissey. If he can only persuade, John to retire we have no doubt that he could got elected by it, if he could only hime self to be as generous open aw Morrissey was. ‘THE COLLECTOR OF MOBILE CHAM WITH MALFEASANCE, aes 2 Collector ot gese 1s 10 sieges Sa ats nae ea 2 96,000, ane case be continued Lill : Punch goes in one diroo- |