The New York Herald Newspaper, January 2, 1867, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD,,WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 2, 1867. NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNET. EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, “OFFIOR N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS, THE DAILY HERALD, published every day the year, Fourcents per copy. Annual subscription rice, $14. THE WEEKLY HERALD, evory Saturda; at Five Senta per copy. Annual subscription price:~ we IS Any larger number addressed to names of subscribers $2.50 caoh. Anextra copy will be went Oevery club often. Tweaty copies to one address, one year, $25, aud auy larger number at same price. A oxlra copy will be sent to clubs of twenty. There nter make the Waeair Hrnaxp the cheapex publication in be country. Postage five cents per copy for three mogis. TERMS cash inadvance. Money sent by mail will be ‘atthe risk ofthe sender. None but bank Qlls current im New York taken. ‘Tho Cazrorxia Eprmos, on the Ist, 11h and 2st of each month, at Six cents per copy, or $3 por annum. ‘The Evrorzay Epmon, every Wednesday, at Six cents fer copy, $4 per annum to any part of Great Britain, or 66 to any part of the Continent, doth to include postage, NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correpondence. We do not return rejected communications. JOB PRINTING of every description, also Stereotyp- fing and Engraving, neatly and prompt executed at the owest rates. Volume XXXII No. 2 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. Po goa fo THEATRE. Broadway new Rroome street.—CaLonorogx. on New Yous ix D67—Tun Viorias, wey. Yor« Rh roadway, oposite Now York TAHBATRE FRANCAIS, Fourteenth strest. near Sixth evenue.—Evimanara, Queen or ENGiaxv. Pigg banal ang 806 Broad way.—Prormysoe Hants 1 Menrorm um Mimacues.—Iae Heap iN THX ALu— Novos ~~ Parvo. rae HALL, East Fourteent? street, ni it Piace.—Porvutar Vouat ano OncurstsaL Coxcuur. aor FRANCISCO MINSTREI.3. 585 Broaiwar, opposite fetropolitan Hotel—[w ratia Bratoriay ‘Exreerate. mera, ye Divowse anp BURLESQUES—FaLLing UuriDs FIFTH AVENUB OP“RA lLOUSz, NM Ewontr-fourth stroet.—Bspwo tra's Missrr! baer Bavtans, Buwresques, & rt 4 Wost THLOPLAT Year's KELLY & LEON'S MINSERSL 190 Broad siteane Now ¥oek Hobs. 5 ha ‘Teorias, ORLESQUES, tum Usp Buoox—New Yxa NY PASTOR'S OPE. 3. MH Rowerr. Vax ‘Vooattsu—N<oRo, Mnesraatst ae Divestisseuces 4c.—Lirriz Tom Tucks. Ra tenes 9 WTRITE'S COMBINATION TROUPE, st Mechanice’ Hail, Broaiway—!x a Vanixry or Taro4r anD }auowanen NTERtaAINMUSTS, Conrs DE BALLET £2 form. MRA, F. 8. CONWAY'S PARK THEATRE. Brooklyn.— ‘Tae Forrr Thixves. aon ROERRS HO 383, Hrooklen.—“ratoriay Mis LLADS, BURLESQUi:S AXD Pax TOMIMRL - _BBOOKLYN ATHANEUM.—Arcas & Co.'s Great Pan. be egry of Travxis .x EUROPE AND AmEnICA, AND fowaGR ACROSS THE ATLANTIC. PRESBYTERIAN CHORCH, corde- of Grand ant Crosby etronta.—tinuat Masomrc Fats ix Aww or tuk Haut'ayd Astiom Funv. facil Ls NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOYY. 6:8 Rroxdway.— wren tmx ‘Sater rap igo tao ores ey t twice Open, rom $ New York, Wednesday, January 3, 1807. THE NIW S. EUROPE. By the Atlantic cable we have a nows report dated ‘Teeeday, January L. ‘Turkey 1s likely to break off relation: with Grooce. England will remain noutral in any event which may ensue ta consequenca. ‘The London Times predicts that the year 1867 will be one of peace. American vessols are frve of all dues in Freach ports. By the arrival, yestorday, of the steamships Hansa, ‘City of Washington and Periére at this port, and Ch:na @t Halifax, we received special advices and reports in Gvtail of our cable despatches to the 22d of Deceimbor. Maximilian’s abdication was, it ia alleged, placed in the hands of Napoleon, The statement produced very Uttle sensation ia France, aa the Mextcan Emperor is now reckoned of little eccount in the settiement of the Mexican question. Our special correxpondeat in Dublia, writing on the 19th of December, representa the city and kingdom of Iretand gonoraliy as still seriously oxctted by tho Fenians. It is alloged that the agents of Stephens Lave ‘anéermined Dublin toa very great extent, by working from the beaks of the river Liffy, add that the revo- Jatlonleta propose to blow up the Castle and either kill Or carry Of the Lord Lieutenant. Our English files deacrive Ireiand as in a very agitated stato at the same oppo wain 30X38, Dances "eoue. ¥—Cunr or the «progress-whieh is “being nade ta devoiop.ng the ‘Romea and Ger men questions to wards consolidation on the bases of the wishes ‘of the several peoples. Consols were at 00% for money ia London yesterday. Gaited States five-twonties wore at 72%. "fue Liverpool markets were closed at New Year's, THE LEGISLATURE ‘The Gtate Legisiature aesembied at Albany yesterday. Im the Senate Licutenant Governor Woodford wel- comed the members on the reassembling, and the usual committees were appointed to inform the Governor that he Sonate was ready for business. The Governor re- piled that he would communicate with them to-day. A conoarreat resolution im favor of a suitable tari on wool and other articles of domestic produce, and in favor of eatifying the constitutional amendment, was introduced and tabled. Mr. Folger stated that the couns?l for the people was not yot prepared to proceed with the trial of Sedge Smith, and the Senate adjourned. In the House, after the roll call, the election of « Speaker was procecded with, and Edmund L. Pitts, of Orieana, was olectod by cighty votes agaifist forty-three for James Lord, of Monroe, He.was then conducted to ‘the chair, and made a short address. Ballots wero taken and Lather Caidweil was elected Clerk, Jonn H. Kemper, Sorgeant-at-Arms, and J. B. Davis, M. J. Gardner sod James Turner, doorkeepers. A coficurrent resolution to ratify the constitutional amendinent was lald over under the rale. The Governor and Sonate were informed that the House was organized, and a recess was taken until four o'clock, when the House again assembled, drew for eats and adjourned. MISCELLANEOUS. Now Year's day presented its annual spectacle of fes- tivity, frolic and visiting yesterday. Services wore hela 4m the various ehurches, performances were given in the various theatros, and nearly every private family that number a ‘“omale” in it received numberless *callers."” In addition to the usual round of entertainments sieigh fiding, snow balling and masquerading wore tn order, In Warhington the President gave a brilliant reception to the members of the dipiomatic corps, :enatora, Re- Presentatives, Judges and others, Later in the day General Grant and several Cabinet members also gave Feceptions at their residences. Governor Fenton and Lieutenant Governor Wooford ‘wore inaugurated at Albany yesterday. The ceromonies ‘wore condacted without any attempt at display. After the taking of the oath the executive mansion was thrown open for the customary reception of New Year's callors, Our Havana correspondence is dated December 26. The financial panic bad almost entirely abated. The Banco Bspagnot paid out on the first day of the run $000,000 in gold, and then reduced its payments to twenty-five thonsand per day jn accordance with au- thorization from the Captain General. All the banks, ‘except that of Bonsior & Co., had resumed payment, and it was supposed that the latter was hopolessly in- | solyout ' Our Coquimbo (Chile) correspondence ts dated Novem- ber 26, and records mainly the working of the copper mines in that country. The mineral wealth of Chile is enormous, and the coast forfour thousand miles is in- dicative of copper deposits. Our Sante Fe (New Mexico) correspondence is dated Deceww>w 14 and contains an interesting account of the Puraurt se4 sapture of the two bond robbers, the Hamil- ton brothers, who docamped from Eckhorn, Wis, in November, 1865, with $180,000 worth of government securities, A comprehensive account of the mineral re- sources of the Territory is also given. Our Macon (Ga.) correspondence says that fully one- fifth of the population of that State is of Northern ex- traction, and that they have generally coincided with the old time-worn opinions of the manor born South- orners, but that the population from the North which now flows in is composed of men of Northern principles, who are not afraid to aver them and inculcate them in others, The negroes in Richmond, Norfolk, Portamouth and Hampton, Va., Charleston, 8. C., Wilmington, N. C., Nashville, and several other cities in the South, celebra’ed the anniversary of the emancipation procla- mation yesterday. A speech was delivered to the crowd at Richmond by the illustrious Hunnicott, which being violently incendiary was received vociferously by his hearers. No disturbance ensued. A large meeting of the whites and blacks in Boston was held on the same occasion at Tremont Tomple. Fred Douglas, C. L. Remond, George Thompson and others addressed the meeting. A grocery store, pork and grain warehouse, railway office and the Western Union Telegraph office at Rich- mond, Ind., were destsoyed by fire on Tuesday morning. The loss is estimated at over $100,000. ‘The wife of Aaron Ward, of Newark, was shot bya burglar on Tuesday morning in her own room. The wound is dangerous. The burglar ezcaped with two watches belonging to Mrs, Ward. Joseph A. Veazic, a broker in Boston, is said to have failed with Mabilities amounting to half a million doliara. A partial list of the rebels pardoned by the President is Published in our columns this morning. All the hotels in Brighton, Mass., had their stocks of liquors seized yesterday while the Bostonians were there sleighing. There was considerable disappointment among thein on the occasion. The Late Supreme Court Decision—The Court and the Wer. From the opinion in full of ‘the Supreme Court of the United States, delivered the other day by Mr. Justice Davis, in the Indiana Milli- gan case, and from the dissenting views (given with the above in exlenso in yesterday's Heratp) of Mr. Chief Justice Chase, we are enabled ‘o understand the scope of this de- cision, and the point of disagreement between the majority (five) and the minority (four) of the court. Upon the actual questions involved the judges were unanimous in their decisions—First, that upon the facts presented a writ of habeas corpus ought to be issued in behalf of Milligan; second, that on the facts, as stated in the peti- tion of his counsel, he ought to be discharged from custody; and third (the important ques- tion) that, upon the facts stated in said petition and exhibits, the military commission. men- tioned therein had no jurisdiction legally to try and sentence the manner and form as in said peti- said Milligan in tion and exhibits is stated. Thus the ground taken by -the petition in behalf of the prisoner is affirmed by the entire court, to wit—that under the act of Congress ap- proved March 3, 1863, entitled “an act rolat- ing to habeas corpus and regulatiug judicial proceedings in certain cases,” the military com- mission under which Milligan was arrested ag a treasonable conspirator, tried, condemned to death and held in custody, was illegal and void, these proceedings having taken place in Indiana, where the civil courts provided by Congress under the constitution were open and unobstructed, notwithstanding the civil war was then in full blast in other States. So far the court was unanimous. But Mr. Justice Davis, in the course of his opinion, takes the ground that not only was this mili- tary trial without authority in the act of Con- gress referred to, but that even “Congress could grant no such power,” and tha: “no doctrine involving more pernicious conse- quences was ever invented by the wit of man than that any of its provisions (the constitu- tion) can be suspended during any of the groat exigencies of the government.” Touch- ing the power of Congress in the pre’ Chief Justice Chase and the threo other concurring in his views hoid that Congress, under the authority to raise and support armios, may in times of war, at its discretion, “determine in what States or districts such greatand imminent danger exists as justifies the authorization of military tribunals for the trial of crimes and offences against the disol- pline or: security of tho army or against the -| public safety.” This appears to be the extent of the disngreement between the majority end. the minority of tho court. Upon this point, if the opinion of the Chief Justice is not sound, the government is at tho mercy of any such rebellious conspiracy as that which it has jast put down. We go further, however, than the Chief Jus- tice, although not further than he might have gone, in combating the opinion of Mr. Justice Davis. We bold that the latter in his argu- ment stultifies himself. He contends, for example, that the war for the suppression of the rebellion was conducted within the land- marks of the constituflon, while at the samo time these military arrests and trials of civilians in the loyal States were unconstitu- tional. They were a groat feature of the war, and they have been sustained everywhere by public opinion, from a conviction of their public necessity, harsh as they were in some cases. In the next place, the most promi- nent facts of the war stand outin bold relief against the obiter dictum of Judge Davis that there can be no exigency in the government justifying a suspension of the provisions of the constitution. The late rebellion, in the bom- bardment of Fort Sumter, was commenced in the absence of Congress, and to Congress alone belonged the power to “raise and suppert armies.” Had President Lincoln, however, waited for the assembling of Congress before acting in defence of the government in ‘assum- ing the war powers, in all probability he would have been turned out of the White House by Jeff Davis and by the rebel army at his back, together with the expulsion of Congress from Washington, before a force sufficient to hold the capital could have been mustered accord- ing to the constitution. This was what the rebels expected. They could not believe that Preside Lincoln would dare to assume the constitutional powers of Congress in order to sorve the ment ; but he did, and in the face of the Hiptnion of bis immediate predecessor that Congress itself had no power to coerce a secoding State. This two-faced opinion of Mr. Justice Davis of the Supreme Court is, then, utterly incon- sistent with the leading facts of the war, and therefore utterly preposterous. This s(ullif- cation of the Supreme Court we dare say re- sults from the great blunder of attempting to regulate the war by the old exploded Taney and Buchanan notions of the constitution. These antediluvian judges seem to forget that the war was an appeal from the constitution to the sword, and that the sword is the ultima ratio regum—tbe lust appeal of kings and peoples. Thus the constitution has received a new inter- pretation from the war; but what if the Su- preme Court still adberes to the old interpreta- tion? Then it becomes the plain duty of Con- gress to reconstruct this Court; for even to this extent, sooner or later, the issues decided in that final pppeal to the sword will be enforced by the loyal States. This constitutional twad- dle of Mr. Justice Davis will no more stand the fire of public opinion than the Dred Scott de- cision. Europe—The Treaties of 1815—The Holy Alliance aad its Consequence. The year 1815 stands alone in the history of modern Europe. It marks the close of one and the commencement of another epoch. The immense empire built up by Napoleon had perished by its own weight. Europe, from one end to the other, was completely disorganized. A huge organization, composed of emperors and kings, planned its reconstruction. The plans of this organization were embodied in the Vienna treaties, It was the earnest hope of many that the arrangements then effecied, backed up as they were by the forces of the Holy Alliance, would secure for Europe the blessings of a firm and lasting peace. Nor can it be said that this hops was doomed to com- piete disappointment. Compared with many periods of corresponding length, that which bas siuce elapsed cannot be spoken of in other terms than as a period of peace. It would be in the last degree absurd, how- ever, to conclude that this comparative tran- quillity is due to the wisdom of the Vienna Conference or to the benevolent and Christian intentions of the members of the Holy Alliance; for a more selfish assembly than that which met in Vienna to decide the destiny of nations never'met in council; nor has a greater con- spiracy against the liberties of mankind than that of the Holy Alliance ever existed. Europe, since 1815, can only#be understood when looked at by the light shed upon it by the plans of the Holy Alliance and by the treaty arrangements of Vienna. No one who has given attention to the affairs of 1815 can have any doubt that the allied Powers, in re- constructing the map of Europe, were influenced mainly by two thoughts—first, to undo as com- pletely as possible the work of Napoleon, and second, by an effectual crippling of the people to guard against such work in fulure. In other words, the reconstruction of Europe wasecn- Aucted entirely in. the interésts of the govern- ing classes, In no one instance were the wishes of the people cared for. Spain and Portugal were restored to their former masters. Italy was as completely divided as she had been be- fore the French domination, and was more thoronghly under the power of Austria than ever. In every case. where there was 9 difference it was in favor of the rulers. Genoa and Venice, which were both robbed of their independence, are striking examples. The union of Belgium and Holland is another. ‘The noo-tuld'mont of pledges solemnly and re- peatedly made to the people by all the German governments during the heroic and self-sacri- ficing struzgle against the tyranny and oppres- sion of Napoleon points in the same direction. It is difficult to speak of the treatics of 1815 with respect. It is equally difficult to explain why those trenties were tolerated by the people, except upon the principle that after the wasting anxiety and misery of years anything was ac- ceptable which offered them temporary repose. The view we have taken of the Vienna treaties has been amply illustrated during the years which have since transpired. Scarcely were those treaties signed when disturbances hed arisen in Spain and Po:tugal—disturb- ances which a wiser arrangement might easily have prevented. The Italians almost imme- diately arose against their rulers, whom they regarded in the light of oppres- sors. Bolgium refased to have her destiny permanently united with that of Holland, and was sucecssful in effecting a separation. The French people remained quiet under tho peacoiul and benevolent governmont of Louis XWIL; bet their long: supprossed feclings ex-: ploded under the reactionary policy of Charies X. Nor was the change of dynasty that followed other:than a compromise. The evil still remained. The terrific outbreak of 1848, which appsared simultancously in France, in Italy, in Austria, in“Prassia, and which, but for the blundering mismanagement of the re- publicans of Paris might have overturned every government in Europe and resulted in the complete triumph of liberal principles, is to be traced to the same cause. The events of the last four years arc familiar to all our readers, and their bearing on the treaties of 1815 are too patent to require illustration. The treaties of Vienna have been weighed in the balances and they have proved to be un- mitigated failures. One thing specially noticeable throughout these years has been a growing power on the part of the people. They are evidently acquir- ing @ more perfect mastery of themselves. With an increasing consciousness of their just rights they are obtaining a clearer perception of the means of attaining them. In the crisis which cannot be long delayed we are encour- aged to believe that right and justice will triumph, and that the treaties which shall de- termine the fature of Europe will be made in the interests of the people and not in the ia- terests of rulers. A Brt or Apvics To tam Democratic AsaeM- BLYMEeN.—The New York representatives in the Assembly opened the ball for the session by @ regular Tammany Hall “mud and filth” fight over the question of who should receive the empty honor of # nomination for Speaker from the small squad of democrats left in the State Legislature, to show that such an organ- ization once had an existence. One “ member who has been sent up to Albany by the Street Department for three or four sessions was indignant at the efforts of “certain genile- men to run the machine,” and thoreupon, as our despatches inform us, “the excitement be- camo very democratic.” We will offer our city representatives a piece of good advice, gratis, thus early in the session: Let them put a check upon all this folly and absurdity, which only makes them ridiculous, and take the lead in offering resolutions adopting the constitu- tional amendment proposed by Congress and endorsing the North Carolina bill just tntro- duced in the House of Representatives by Thad Stevens, Let them vote as a unit for these measures in the Assembly and then call a democratic legislative caucus to recognize the Miles O’Reilly Union democratic organization of this city as the proper nuclous for a recon- struction of the democratic party throughout the State and Union, and join with that organi- zation in calling a convention to lay down a platform and a plan of campaign for next November, as well as for the Presidential con- test. Ifthey do this, instead of pelting each other with the “mud and filch of Tammany,” as Mayor Hoffman calls it, they will act like sen- sible men and secure for themselves a front seat in a live organization. Cotton and Corn Crops of 1566 in the Unicoa States. A letter from our Washington ps sitar recently published, presented the statistics of the monthly report of the Agricultural Bureau fox December. The final-estimate of the corn crop for 1866 is set down at eight hundred and eighty million bushels, showing, in comparison with 1865, a decrease of twenty-five million bushels, while the decrease in quality is esti- meted as equivalent to seventy-five million, making a loss in feeding value equivalent to one hundred million bushels, The cotton csti- mates are made to show a total product of one million seven hundred and fifiy thousand bales of fonr hundred pounds each, and as the actual bales are now nearly five hundred pounds each thisis estimated as equivalent to a million and a half of such bales. But that figures never lie is an almost obso- lete proverb. Itis almost invariably contra- dicted by official statistics, These are usually based upon rough calculations and imperfect returns, and consequently neither affect the markets nor have @ scientific value. This is obviously the case with the statistics of the Agricultural Bureau. Those relative to the decrease of the corn crop must be exaggerated, as is ucunl with similar statistics of the natural productions of a conntry, particularly when speculators can influence the refirns for their own private purposes. Even supposing that the statement of this decrease is not exag- gerated, it should be remembered that in the game season the decrease in one kind of food production is often counterbalanced and some- times more than counterbalanced by an in- crease in the wheat crop or the potato crop or a crop of some other kind, so that prices do, not vary either way so much as might be ex- pected as first. We fear that the statistics relative to the coi- ton crop are put at too high a figure. Unhap- pily the unsettled state of politics and the dis- organization of labor throughout the South have prevented the mos: sanguine from pre- pee ake of more than a million or mil- quarter of fuil bales, Let us hope that she new year on wiilch we have enteted will diminish, if it may not entirely remove, the obstacles to agricultural production in the South, and that everywhere, North, Sou‘h, Eastand West, the prodigious resources of this vast country may be developed to an unpre- cedented degree by intelligent and successful industry. ‘The Ups and Downs of Theatrical Art. The ais:rionic art has passed through many curious phases for some time past in this kaleidoscopic metropolitan community, in a pecuniary sense as well as in regard to its de- velopment of the ever varying tastes that rule our society. The present most remazkable teatare is the coequal success of the highest an . the lowest claes of theatrical art. On thc one hand we see Ristori, the Impereonation of the most elevating branch of art, the repre- sentative of all that is grandest and most god- like in the drama, achieving a success withont parallel, reaping a pecuniary reward almost fabulous, and winning, in social life, as well as on the stage, laurels the brightest that refined intellect and fashion can bestow, from the most cultivated classes in the country. On the other hand we find the demoralizing speo- tacles of two Broadway theatres accomplishing & most extraordinary sucocss, to the utter ruin of the other houses which adhcre to the legiti- mate drama. The Black Crook, at one theatre, has just completed its one hundred nighis’ performances, while the play of Cendriilon at another is just beginning its bundred nights, The managers of both places will, no doubt, realise immense fortunes, re‘ire from the pro- feasion and be elected to Congress, as tho Hon. Jobn was when be retired trom. his ‘artistic career, with all the honors in bis band. There are many curious coincidences in the success of these spectacular exhibitions, emotg them the absolute decay of the legitimate ‘| Grama, as we have known it ia our New York theatres for many years. Where it hae not abandoned the boards the audiences have abandoned the theatres in which it ekes out a sickly existence and wanes before the footlights. This is partly attributable to the stupid management which substitutes worn out English plays and poor French adaptations, which are either silly or vicious, for some fresh, racy dramas to the manner bora, of which plenty could bo had if the managers had any public spirit; but the majority of them being foreigners, that cogld not be expected. The legitimate drama, then, has been :om- pletely overshadowed by the centipedal spec- tacles, and even Barnum’s illegitimate drama has gone to picces. Silver tissue, gauze, cal- cium lights, painted faces and well molded limbs, with all the other meretricious adjuncts of the spectacular ballet have rung down the curtain upon the drama, and the places where Shakspeare, and Sheridan, and Goldsmith, and Otway, and Schiller, and Congreve, and Beau- mont and Fletcher were once familiar guests now know them no more. As for Italian opera, which was once almost an essential part of our existenne, and united 80 often the fashionable and intellectual world with the goldon links of music, it has almost passed out of sight. Even its echoes are too faint and feeble to recall the old time memories. Ithas died of sheer inanition. Want of in good singers laid the sveds of decay before the Academy was burned, and the later efforts to revive it with a few new singers, some native and some picked up in the meanest quarters of Europe, only half taught and still in the swaddling clothes of their art, have only culminated in a rome public and almost bankrupt manager. The remarkable success of the Parisian ballot has operated in some very curious ways. It has led to demoralizing and moraliging at the some time—demoralization in the audiences, and moralizing in the pulpit—and it has effected also at least one equivocal good in shutting up to s great extent those subter- ranean whirlpools of vice whose Syren spells not even the cunning Ulysses could overcome had he and his adventurous companions been travelling in Gotham. The glittering indecency of the Broadway ballet, in its more captivating want of attire, has fairly dazzled out of life the coarser fascinations of the Broadway concert halls, Such are some of thg ups and downs of theatrical art in this ever changing metropolis. Emigration from Europe to the United States. During the past year nearly three bundrod thousand emigrants from Europe have landed on our shores, At a moderate estimate the aggregate aum of hard cash brought by them to this country is not much le3s than twenty million dollars, and their potential wealth of bone and muscle, healthy blood, beating hearts and more or less developed brain, is simply incalculable, They have poured in to supply that additiomal labor which the Secretary of the Treasury in his late report dwelt upon as of prime and urgent necessity to the United States; and that they will come next year in largely increased numbers is indicated by everything in the actual situation of European affairs. Whatever may have been the issue of the Fenian agitation, and particularly of the rising in Irelund, which, with all the particn- larity aud positiveness of Miller and Dr. Cam- mings announcing the end of the world, James Stephens predicted would take place be/ore the close of 1866, we must anticipate in the spring such ap exodus from the Emerald Isle to America as has not been witnessed since the year of the great famine. The reform agita- tion throughout Great Britain will at least have sufficiently stirred the minds of the laboring poor to make them more restless than ever under the restrictions imposed on them by the double burden of titled and moneyod aristocracios, and consequently more eager to explore a futare of unlimited promise in the Western world, A large emigration must be expected from England and Boogpsd as well as from Ireland. On the Continent the uncertain and critical state in which the late war has left all Euro- pean countries, and particularly those most directly affected by Prussia’s successful strag- gle with Austria for supremacy, has already stimulated the emigration spirit to over heat. The recent arrest of thirty or forty young men who were attempting to leave for America, in order to evade the compulsory military service which Prussia has extended over all Northern Germany, is a symptom of the increasing anxiety in Hanover, Saxony and other German States to escape the draft into the Prussian army. A cable despatch from Bremen, Decem- ber 28, announces that official orders have been. received" there “to arrast. all. Pi jan sniijects about to emigrate from the king intending to evade the national (landwekr) militia.” Such orders will only quicken emi- | gration. The moro the Prussian government tries to detain omigranta by force, the more they will strucgle to get away, like the'pig Paddy drove into Dublin by pulling it back- wards. The poople in Europe are not burning with enthusiasm to kill and be killed in those wara ot princes which are now the order of the day. The projected reorganization of the French army on the Prussian system has ex- cited great dissatisfaction, and must tend, if adopted, to turn even Frenchmen into emi- grants, reluctant 2s thoy usually are to sever the ties which bind them to their beau pays for life. Many Americans, indeed, profess an almost equal attachment to la belle France, and especially to its capital, “the only one Paris in the world.” Rents and prices have grown 60 exorbitant in New York, and life has lately become so insecure, as well as go hurried and unenjoyable, that not a tew American families begin seriously to contemplate leasing their brown stone ffonts on the faehionable avenucs und go'ng abroad to live, after the fashion of those English families who used to reside on the Continent for the sake of retvenching their expenses. Moreover, the manifold attractions of the great Exhibition at Paris will doubtless cause a considerable temporary emigration of wealthy people from tho United States to But the steady, rising tide of emigration is in quite the opposite direction; and the United States, with the boundless West, aud with th South at length fairly opened to emigration, will have’room onfbugh and » weleomsfor all: new comers—provided only that on‘their a val they wisely hasten away from the sikelele Af our coogi towns to hemes and farms and fature cities which a them in the interior, and as far as they to go towards the Pacific. ' —————— Tus Exciss Law Deciangp ConerrrvtioxaL.— The Excise law for the cities of New York and Brooklyn, passed at the last eession of the Legislature, has been held to be by the Court of Appeals, and will be strictly enforced by the police. So'sll our beer drinking Gernfio fellow citizens must make up their minds to abandon thelr lager and their Rhine wine on a Sunday, and persons who happen to be out after twelve o’clock at night must be content, in the coldest weather, to go home without a “nip.” The law last fall gave the democracy in New York and Brooklyn their enormous majorities in the election, and its full effect was not felt, in con- sequence of its non-onforcement pending the decision of the constitutional question by the Court of Appeals. Next fall the majority will be largely increased, unless the present Logia- lature should be sensible enough to repeal or materially modify the law. Tas Canavtan Government Boripwas.—Our Canadian neighbors havo just finished erecting @ handsome set of government buildings at Ottawa, for the work upon which they have not yet paid their architects and builders. Every person remembers the difculty that grew out of the location of the Canadian seat of government, only a few years ago, and which had to be settled eventually by the Queen of England. That afhiable lady, being entirely ignorant of the country, selected Ottawa, a little place away in the woods, on the outskirts of civilization, as the site for the new buildings, and there, in obedience to the royal mandate, they wero placod. The government has only been in possession of their new quar- ters a few months, and they are now as anxi- ous to get out of thom as they wore to get into them. The uneasy “seat” is to be changed again, and itis said that the Bishop of Qaebeo has offared to purchase the buildings, of which there are three, probably for use as monas- teries and schools. They are very substantial and handsome specimens of architecture and cost a large sum ofmoney. The best thing the Canadian government can do is to sell thom to the Bishop at oncé and pay up the poor archi- tects and mechanics, some of whom are in the States suffering for the want of their money. Maximilian’s Chances of Success. Betting is generally considered immoral; yet, when the chances between two opposite results are apparently balanced, to make up our minds that one is more probable than the other, to back that opinion with eamestness to the extent of sometimes spicing it with mild expletives, and to fortify all with a declaration that we are willing to risk a quarter, are ex- tremely natural operations. Human nature is so headstrong and impulsive! If Adam had had another companion, of his owa sex, in the garden of paradise, it may be regarded as cer- tain that they would have arranged a quiet bet. in regard to whether Eve would o would not pluck that memorable apple, while it is equally certain that Adam would have wen—a result deduced from a principle on which all married men are agreed. Similar reflections must occur to all who balance chancesin their own minds; bat though we do not yrofess to bet on anything, we propose to state the chances for and against Maximilian in the present phase of Mexican complexions for th¢ purpose of arriving at a result. The friends of that much perpbxed stranger base their hopes of the continwnce of auto- cratic government in Mexico on two or three prominent facts. They urge thi good he has done in that country—the espblishment of banks, charitable institutions ind ‘railroads, and the conversion of at least ine neglected public square in the capital htoa smiling garden. They dwell upon the fit that he has with him a majority of the tion of the most civilized portion—the v: ily of Mexico. They point to his comparativ: well appointed army; and chance they assert, and with rj has the Church on hiseide. lbw, argu- ment’s sake, we will admit allthis, we will admit further that the sfit among the liberals will help much to keep he enterprise afloat for some time to come. fut.a stronger fact than all those enumerated,ine singte fact weighty enough to turn the on the other side, is that the people of Mexip are republi- Occupying a central position bjween the vast republican continents of Noh and South America, every breath ‘of sinthat fans ‘the parched surface of Mexico, wave that won, have been the struggle fepublicanism with the the rule of .the stranger... } sa isa stranger and a monarch ; lvemeace socver may be the'nation’s'4 gre to rest from war, the vital. spark which republican fire, and) will: 0 political storms and all Chug) on, grows weaker from d aadly enough apparent that the Church in México is rooeversal her lost worldly property. br strength as a moral power for good ballong since disap- peared through the scandous delinquencies of false pastors. In relyg upon her, there- fore, Maximilian rests @ broken reed. How long his cause andiis efforts may con- tinue, thus weakly pro; ‘re matters of mere conjecturo ; but tipend is certain and fines received, $1,428; who sumberof complaints, 1,907; in the etty treasury tte has been paid $63,643; in the soking fund there paid $31,073, Totat Goveral Morgan L. Smit{ late of Mg tn ge Army aud now United au for ) wae married at Vicksburg dvughter of Joseph Genelia, | FEAST OF To the Catholic and vices were held in of Christ, but the rally very small. here are governed almdt completely by the wind, and during the time the ite was aground a stiff breeze from the Northwist kept tho water out of the harbor, To-day, when Ge water rose, as everything bad tere eaten sot Sears with wean aw om much more easily ‘Tho tide rose in the higher than it bas done for some time, owing to « in thewwind. The tides —y was expected, > injury whatever was done to »Tne Don bas not lift, and it is now doubefal whict ‘vesaol wjil sail on the earet expedition. Oe eo —— |