The New York Herald Newspaper, October 26, 1866, Page 4

“oda ter plent- to be envoy extraordinary and minis! ‘at the Court of Berlin, but as yet this state~ THS UNTED STATES vc Mr. Undor Seoretary Fox arrived her a3 presented Lo the King 00 Sunday morning, ce thon for Hurburg, where the Ame cau squadron are now at anchor, and from whence he Wel rears to Washington. 1bo Berlin papers rettorate the ussertion that the United Staves government have ered the Miantonomoh for sale to Prussia ott NAPOLEON'S MRALTH, . ors received ere (o-day from Paris may the public have been led to believe, and they go so far ‘as to say that bis dissolution may be daily, nay hourly @xpecied! 1 give the statement for what it is w Dut it has caused quite a panic on ‘Change, BELGIUM. OUR BRUSSELS CORRESPONDENCE. Bavasurs, Oct. 4, 1866. ‘TUB DANGERS OF IMPERIAL ABSORITION, Any one who bas followed the course of recent events must have seen that the situation of the smaller States was full of danger, Unification and centralization aro alarming words. No one can tell who is to be next drawn into the whitipool ‘and absorbed in somo great nationality. Belgium’s tugn has come, The Jatena- tional contains a dinlomatiq communication to the effect that France, Pruagia, Asis take efficient measures to ut down the revolutionary passions in Belgium. For som®time the Prussian minis- teria! organs have beon using threatening language, The hostile tone of the Belgiau press against Preszia during the war excited the greatest animosity) and it eo warned to becareful fost it should be counted among thergemies Of Prussia in the futuro, «+ 1s opposition to the désiop. ment of German nationality would not, be forgoton, Jwhon the rectification of the French trontiors. Waa gk. posod M. de Bismarck offered Belgium, as if it were his N. from Koll last to give, which was an insult not at all palatable to the» Belgians. ‘The relations of Prussia with Holland are more and more unsatisfactory. The covetousness of the court of Berlin 15 insatiable. The annexation of tho duchies of the Elbe, tho kingdom of Hanover, of Hesse Cassel, of Nassau and of the free city of Frankfort does not satisfy her rapacious appetite, She now turns her greedy eye on Holiand. Under the pretext that Luxembourg bo- longed to the former Germanic Confederation M. de Bis- marek insists that she shall enter into the new. The rotension ig ridiculous, It js clear that the old bonds aving ceased to exist Holland is free to act as sto pleases. The Dutch government resists the Prussian de- mands with the greatest energy, and doclares per de- termination to remain faithful to hor national mrdtto, ‘ie mainiiendrai.”” Some of the French papers wish France to inter.ere in the diplomatic conflict, ey Bay that Luxembeurs once protected their frontiors—she may one & menace them. The obstinacy of Prussia in main- Bining her demands proves the vale of the fortross, which was built: +7 Yauban and pelt tar by French gold. one THE RIGHT OF CONQUET M. de Bismarck uses and sduses without opposition, Now and thon a bold editor makes a few remarks, that the people of the conqueted States are not slaves, at- tachod to the soll, to be disposed of at pleasure, The journal is cuppressed, the editor sent to Coventry, Prus- gta bas made a great hocatomb of papers the coun- tries she has annexed. Ali tue independent journais, that is to say those that bad not sold themeoives before- band, have been silenced. Yesterday I read a list of eleven of the victims. The papers that still drag on a feeble existence are almost daily warned. THE UNEMPLOYED PRINCES, ‘The turn of the wheel of forture this year has added goveral to the list of dethroned princes, soattered in dif- ferent parts ot Europe. If they were xathered togettior they would make quitca select circle of crownless kings queens, ‘The satirical papers of Borlin add insult to injury. One of thom represents the Bing ot llanorer who is blind, leaving his states, led hy® faithful dog. In the next print he bas reached in, where he has lost his suit, and fs sented at the door of the Hous» of Lords, covered ‘with rags, holding if Lis hand ax old Hanovorisn helmet, ga Which is written, “Give something to Helisarius,”’ fhore is a caricasire recently out, very droil. ‘she King of Vrussm ts @ tallor and 1s patching bis coat with wer, and all the other apnexations, While ho way, he looks up and says, ‘See what comes of mowing how to use a needie,”” TAR NEXT Wan, + Altogether the situation ls very singalar, full of con- jon2.and surprises, Peace is s.gned nearly evory- ‘whoro, and yet all we hear js the talk of preparation jor qar ou al! sides. In Prussia, the army already large is ented by the addicion of aygther corps of one hun- thousand mon. Austria is “Instantly to cor mr) military reoryaniaation, and France will not be be- the other great Powers, ig general concurrence on o4@ most important point that concerns ali the world, tae temporal power * of the Pope, which is to b» preserved ond guaranteed. The mew Fronct Minister, tho Marquis de \oustier, ia con- nected by birth and alliance with all that ig noblo in @evotion to the Holy See. Madame de Moustier is the daughter of Count Werner de Merode, of Belgium, the sister of the Princess de la Cisterso, the Princess d’Aren- and the iate Princess of Monaco. By his wife M. 3 ccorgec™ a gr ig fo pelea and is wie alli many prinet; France and Austria, RUAN POLICY. Russia will not much longer remain the recent movement: in the East will create tho unity. Already the people com| , or rather immobility, of the governm Russian bearte blest at the thought of the suf- ings of their co-religtomats in tho Kast. Cai remain ive when ali is moving around It poems that ailent; i UJ ‘The principle of THR SOLIDARITY OF TEE FATIONALITIFS fe making great stride. Recent ovonts have given it immense force. Gormany ovncentrates all her powers, Germanic element tends daily to a more solid unity. taly preceded Gernmny in the work. Will Russ.a alone the — ta view of the uprising of the Greeks vant ‘THR CHOLERA. Tho cholera hag mado fearful ravages around us, The King and Queen have been obliged to postpone several of their vine wen of great Togund increasing the '0. bishop granted a dispcnra- for the nse of flesh on Fridays and fast days, and has that the annual Fetreat of tno ole! will not take place this yesr, in bya +n may not be deprived of the care THE EASTERN QUESTION. QUA PERA SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE. Puna, wean Constaxrevorir, Sept. 26, 1966. ‘BYP KOT OF MANQUIS DA MOUSTING’S APPOINTMENT. The appointment of the Marquis do Moustier, French Ambassador at Constantinople, to fill tho place vacated by Droayn de Liays a3 Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Frenoh Cabinet, has given rise to quite a lively dis- cussion between the members of tho European press. At first tho disagreement betwoon Napoleon and his Min- feters was supposed to have had its origin tn matters re- lating to the recont struggle in Europo, and the newspa- pers kept up their clattor about territorial compensations required of Prossia, about an alliance with Prusma, then again about ono with Austria, until at length they turned spon Italian affairs, the september Conven. on, and the temporal power of the Pope. Within there last fow days, however, there bas been a change of tor ad now attention is absorbed in the Eastern question. I think that we must attribute the recent change in the French Cabinet to the provent state of this question. It becomes necessary to make sowe explanations in order that tho causes which compel France at the present time to pursue @ new courte in the East may be understood. Here, in Constantinop!s, Tam forced to stody very closely evory movement that takes place, and am enabled to lay before you the nu- merous causes which have led to THE CHANGE IN FRENCH POUICT As REGARDS TURKEY. I must go back as far as the Crimean war in 1854, Russian bas an object in view which she has followed up during the last one handred and Ofty years; she doos pot disguise what it is, and has mado it the constant aim of her politics. She wishes to drive the Turks out of Furope, got possession of the Ottoman empire and annex ft to her vast possessions, The policy of Russa ts Togarded by the groat Yowors of the Wost as the reatest danger to FBurope in the futuro; they have always used overy meana in their power to avert this. {n 1854 the Emperor Nicholas thought that the state of doth Europe and Turkey at that time was favorable to a seoution of Peter the Great's pians, and that be could secure possession of Constantinople. In order to give # show of legality to his ambitious scheme the Czar put forth as his pretext the necessity of freeing the Christians of tho East from the barbarous and tyrannical yoke of the Ottomans. The pretoxt, though specious, bad much weight in it, France and England at once formed an alliance for the purpose of aiding Turkey, whose integrity wns thus seriously threatened; and ‘while desirous of heiping Turkey (hey were anzious to @o away with the protoxt which favored Russia, ACTION OW THe ALLIES IN 1864, They concluted a treaty with the Sublime Porte on fhe 12th of March, 1884, of ‘hriatian subjects equality before 4 law, loys, the right of testifying in courts, of mixed tribunals, a change in the he ition of the Kharaich (life ransom). @ out betwoon France and Ene+ two years. ster tres fanen rai : ft 7 ye a of a ’ 08 the 8th of September, 1855, “th an and Russia have agreed to | ceeded, and on the lst of TERRE ROD Sines teacaee capes conae meet During the war the Ottoman mens had got per- formed the sti; im 0 pT in favor MbeOnrinbenn for stelished 5 erateh. The allies were di: it peace was necessary, and they had no timo to mod fy tho tions of the Turksh empire in th the terms of the treaty signed in 1854. It was then agreed that the -ultan shou'd grant to bis subjects a charter which should, be very liberal in ‘On the 18tb of February, 1 he THR HATT HUMAIOUN, which gave the Christions all the mghta that had been stipulated in the former and promised, amon, other things, a reorgan zation of the (inances, the anni publication of a budget of receipts and expenses, civil and ormtied bape t ven for all foreigners to hold property, lines and ways of commun cation, &e, On the ‘80th of Merch following peace was signed at a in ordor to secure the execution of the Hatt Humaioum, montion was expressly made to that effect in one of the articies of the treaty, ‘THY OBJECTS AND VIEWS OF THE ALLIES, The Porte, thus saved from danger, manifested no gratitude in return; it did not even act in good faith, ‘The Hait Humaiam was notexcouted with sincerity nor with honor, A mere show of putting its stipulations into effect was made, France and id, in stipalat- ing for the right of in favor of foreigners and the establishment of lines and ways of communteation, had in view to Increase their trade with the East and to £80 to theirsubjects residing in Turkey peewee security for the development of Industry and the creation of ee ay eeaetan tal sets toes tte mecitiee respective Min! ese emael ves, to Bear! ote, regular tribunals, raftroads from Cheteninone, jo other points in Europo; but all to no avail, r DREAD OF EUROPEAN TION, ‘The Turks imagined that if Europeans were to ta Turkey, &c., and build great lines. of Tairade they “inlgbt Pood the masters of the country, a civil their Christian subjects and shortiy ruin the power of the Mussulman. The Turkish, government. wos ty ay ‘M3 word whon in peed cimeateie wers: Ca rest; bak 88 ous a its ined they were of no fort! = count, and dart might dispense with the fulfilment of ‘ ises. The Koran 3 that any engagement. Tm with an anbdellover does not bind’a Sussman. vantages that were really afforded to the Chris- agement but apparent aud musory. Not one’of their Seemen to public trust, and their teati- ann - gimost universally refused in the tribunals, ing the last ng ‘gare inthe disorder. Dur. three fictitious budgets were pub. Wehed, and for Wa last two years uone tall Tostead pas ‘ormation, “iskey has brought about her own FANATICISM AND The Mussulmen are quieas te sive! vow cee f times, and their hatred of foreiihes Now ag im former European civitization baw-MObudimainkan ie ihe loan Education has made no progress, and the” eration is detestable, on account of ity immo veal tour, igiorance and brutality. Their grent regret ia that tho era of the Janissaries is past, The constant inthe Mussulman population of Tu is well known, and is due to debauchery of all sorts. iidren as early as ten yoars of are made agpainies with the vilest practices, Should Turkey cotitinue for ono hundred years more as a netion fa Europe the whole of its Mus- sulman population witl have disappeared, THRIR TREACHERY AXD DECEIT. ‘There are some Turks who outwardly appear civil- iged, and at first sight are apt to decoive even the moat experienced eyo, but when they are touched, or in. the least offended, betray their fanaticism, hanteur and cruelty, However, the number of theze is small. They are arare Exception, and are consummate hypocrites. Taw, and among themselves they still look upon tho ‘unvel: a8 & giaour—asa dog. Koran says that @Mussulman 15a privileged being, superior to the wo- believer, and the Turks aro imbued with this notion, ee makos them act as if they were superior to all others. DISATISFACTION OF ENCEAND AND FRANCE. The neglect to put in force tho Hatt Humaioun Kas been sensibly felt in France and England, but it is long since complaints on this score ceased. Serious diplomatic difficulties arose out of the Syrian massacres, the revolts of the Maronites end tho Danubian Principalities, as well a8 out of the Suez Canal enterprise, Jn all of thego af- fairs France met with a very strongly marked {ll-will on the part of the Sublime Porte and was obliged to mani- fost on many oocasions the atmost firmness and energy in order to seouro 4eiumph of her policy. A great aud general discontent spread through France on account of tho action of Turkey and Kgypt in relation to tho Suez amir, and the objections whch they raised gave arent offence and havo hurt French feelings very much. Tho Emperor, who was chosen arbitrator, showed great calmness, dignity and impartiality, In fact, he seemed to factine much to the side of Turkey. Nevorthole: his decision gras coldly received by the Sublime Porte and it took a year to the Arman approving the deci- sion, while the recall of D; It Pacha, Turkish Ambagsa- dor in France, waa looked upon as a manifestation of spleen that was in vory bad tasie, NEW COMPLICATIONS, ‘Tho abdication of the Prince Cousa at Bocharest has new x Kagiand snd "Pranc T Tn apite of the advice given by and France Turkey pre- red for war; and, were it not for the former Power Tarkey would have been involved ina struggle that would have cansed hor total annihilation by Rvseia. ‘Tho election of Prince Charles, of Hoheuzotlern, as Prince of Roumania, has caused so great a vexation to the Sub- lime Porte that it ie not yet allayed, and the great Powers: have beon forced to redouble their efforts in order to a the sone ent ae caus Charies, he Te- cognition, althor ng ag not yet takon place ; it cannot loug be hinged. Bul these Zola sare to be , as devolop a great amount of cool. ness in diplomatic relations M. de Moustier has just loft Constantinople, leaving the affair settled as to the principle involved ; yet it may bappen that the firman ‘will be a long time in making its appearance. Last week Prince George ftirbey, the Roumanion Minister for Foreign affaira, and M. Dometrius Stourdra, arrived at Constantinople to bring about @ setulement. It is vi much to be desired that they succeed without mucl delay, for Turkey's safwty thereon, THE COMPLAINTS OF THR ORRTANS AND TUE POPULATION Maiadministration in the provinces, enotmocs e tion which overpowers the inhabitants and the di fal misery that abounds among them, have caused ° revolts of the Cretans, Maronites, Drusea, Bedouing, Torcomans of the Khosan-Dagh (in Adana, Asia Mi A general discontent. reigns throughout many of the Provinces, and may at any moment break out a general revolt if the insurgents be not pacified at end important concessions bo not made to the populations of the empire, Instead of acting promegly the Sublime Porte i Me way along, halts and - tatos until it becomes Jate, as was the case in Cretan affair. On all sides tho clouds are thick momnasereey, and Europe must dissipate them forits own sake, The Cretan movement is very serious; it is a national uprising which oe to me imposrible to subdue, Pubiio opinion in Burope is divided and hostility to the Turk becomes daily greater and stronger. NAPOLEON TO SIDR WITH La OO Emperor Napoleon affair? ho remains faithful to his Weatern ate teas policy, sed wishes to counterbalance the power of Ruasia with suc. cons, he must favor the emancipation of Crete. Her: wé behold the Kaatern question at least partially solved. . Tt was natural that the man who, as Ambassador of Franpd at Constantianple, has followed up this question durigg the last years amid ihe most tedious sa pina and who knows the weak as well as the strong points Turkey, should be pitchec upon as the person Atted f thiz new situation in public affairs, THE FICNIPICANCR OF DE VIUYS’ WITHDRAWAL P M. Drougn do buys was Minister at the time of thi Orimean war, be was in favor of peace and Winget with the Emperor, who favored war. He withdrew,, Latterly, again, M. Drovyn de Lhuys having becomé Minister once more, remains the partisan of @ peaceful policy in the East; the Emperor di from bis Minister in, and the latter has once more to retire. ‘he position of affairs in the East is novel, and if we are not in the midst of war, wo are far from having peace, Events alone willehape the course of France, and they are now of sch a nature as to make ono bo,, lieve, without much fear of mistake, that a powerful and determined intervention will be made in favor of the, Cretans. There are at present too many causes that courpire to keep this Eastern question w and it Is to be expected that the Emperor foud of prompt and decistve solution: to put md to the dangers wh'ch 80 "ms jclight im continually creating. t TRUE BRAKING OF NAPOLEON'S LATE ROROPEAN POLICY The policy of the Emperor in the Ttalten and German qnestions bad for its aim to prepare the means where- with to take bold of this Eastern question while relieved of all anxiety about the West, and free to act in the East as tho protector and defen ter of the The Ticondet left on the 18th of September for Cyproa, She wiil remain there until the American Con- sal at Lamaca, General Patma de Cesnola, shall have re- coived satisfaction for the Injuries done him. ENGLAND, FRANCE, TURKEY AND THE UNITED STATER, The Sublime Porte has determined to send a Minister Plenipotentiary to Washington, and bas fixed bis salary at four thourand pounds (Turkish) or about ninety-two thouranod france; but, as yet, no one has been appointed to Oil the positon, nor is it likely that any will be —= for some time, owing to the low state of Turkish nances. It is understood that England and France opposed the ecquisition of the stand of Melos lately le by the American govornment. ‘The following NRWA FROM THR MLAND OF CRETE is up to the 19th inet: At Aprocorona the F; ditional surrender to the latter ae pri tiane bad made an uncon- tual advancement of} e “the fact that the vanquished Italians are enrich. full extent of the lorses of their Austrian victors. It is i The Torco-Keyptian sald Durned the villace of Malars, av also Kaltves and Nerochori. Kiritli, on his arrival, commanded the troops to observe the utmost moderation and humanity, and to stop all such murderons and cruel acts as the sol- diors bad formerly committed against the Christians. His orders were not, however, obeyed. But this is always the style in Turkey—one course 18 commas Dut enother followed. On the 12h of September Kiritll had enrolied five hundred Turkish volunteers at Canca, had armed and shipped them for Kalives, a league dis- tant from Canea. They were to join the Egyptian troopa, and as the country is in possession of the Chris- tians, he was forced to thus send thent by sea to their destination, Tho official journal gives no news from Crete; it merely announces the departure of troops and mnaitions of war for the island, as also the sailing of Mehemet Pasha, the new Commander-in-Chief of the Cretan forces, troops are THE GERMAN QUESTION. - Is Peace Secured by the Trentien® {From the London Times, Oct. 10.) By royal letters patent, published on Saturday Inst at the city of Hanover, and on Monday at Cassel, Wics- baden and Frankfort, King William of Prussia took formal possession of his newly annexed dominions of Hanover, Lae gig gre oe and Frankfort. Tho mere coremony is in a of little moment, and nO great. weigh! shoutd be attached to tie me order,” or ‘‘onthusiastic acclamation,” in the midst of which the King’s good will and ted to have been signified to his new sub- s * * At this rate the Prussianiz- ing of al! Ge , South as well as North, will be a work more than Bismarck kit lect: and if anything could contribute to win over the most stubborn opponent, it is.the wise policy by which Prus- sia cngages to ‘respect the peculiar institutions of each of the annexed Provinces, and, by a process of gradual and moderate transition, cautiously adapt them to the requirements of her aggrandized monarchy.” As agninst the union of Prussia and Hanover mo-obstacle arose save the Guelph dynesty, their court and capital, so the ap- protein of Baden, Wirtembere, and even Bavaria to russia and the Northern Confederacy only awaits either the submission or the removal of their Princes. It is only Saxony which still opposes to tho unification of Germany under not an active resistance, but a mere wis in- ertie, Tho King of Saxony, we mean, not his kingdom; for depotations from the Dresden municipal authorities and from other towns are daily soliciting King John to accept peace on any ierms, as the population can hardly any longer endure the distress caused by this prolonged Ybe.of suspense, The sense of bumiliation caused by the compmce of the victorious Prussian army ts lost in 4 to Prasben of the cost of its maintenance. Saxony it ool endaW@* contribution of 10,000 thaler: a support of its oat thrice | that sum for | the er. Largo aums “Me 2 30Ne ae te the same ontlet in the orton NE 4 men and officers froza thelr friends xt while the absence of thirty thousand pirrecen’, small a community ts felt in every branch industry, especially, in agricultural labor. even of the necessaries of {it bas considerably risen in Dresden, and many fainilics seek renet tm emigration, The exiled king, however, is invincible in hia Ovstinaey, not probably without the encouragement, tf not of the Emperor of Ausir'a or of his official advisers, at least of underhand agents, in whose estimation Austria has not yet said her last word-in Germany. That the peace Letweép Austria and Prussia stil! rect: on a very insecure basis aome people would argue from the rumored appointment ‘of Baron von Beust to the office of Foreign Minister in the Vienna government. Such a measure on the part of the Austrian government, were the report correct, would certainly be significant. Von Benet has been for many years the ovil genius, not only of Saxony, whose destinies he ruled, but alzo of the other mipor tates and of tho Frankfort Bund which he attempted to pit against the whole might o! Austria and Prussia, with as much chance of success as earthen vessels have of drifting safely down stream together with iron vessel The first cry for Schleswig Holstein, tor German nationality, for revolutionary measures, was set up by this meddiing Von Beust, who thought much less of Germany: than of Saxony. Placed at the head of the Kaiser's Cabinet, a man of Van Beust’s temper would have only one ob. Ject, and that is to undo all that has beon done since tho 14th of June last, That Count Bismarck would put up with the exaltation. in Austria of that bitterest of his enemies whom he thought too dangerous even in tho council of his fugitive Saxon master is what no man in his senses cau believe ; and, even if the thought of auch a Promotion ever glanced across the brain of the Kairor or his advisers, that thongit must cither be abandoned or followed up to its utmost consequences, the most im- Mediate of which would be the interruption of diploma- tc relations betweon two Powers which have ily fully re-established them after the ratijication of the bagel of Prague, Whatever es Saxony may afford Austria, or Luxemburg to France, for a quarrel with ascendancy eo the later in Germany is already too great to allow her any ging nant the score ofany that may be broaght to bear against it. War has already done for Prussia all that she covld hope to achteve by conquest, Her remaining mission is pacific: bat on any attempt to interfere with it it would vot be for the benefit of Prussia’s enemies that her mission shoul mado to resumo its original charactor. A Dynasty by Divine Right—The King and Queer Hanever Inspli From on High— The Guelphs to Rule to the End. {From the Manchester Guardian, Oct, 11.) Before changing her residence at Hanover for the chateau of Hildesbeim, Queen Mary, the spouse of the dethroned George, recelved a deputation from the town who came to console with the royal sufferer. On this occasion the ‘Quecn aceounted for her husband's. per- sistent <proes to Prussia by telling the astonishod Citizens that the King had often had revelations trom on high granted to him inthe watches of the night. It was after one gach divine command that he resolved to hold out to the last, even at the risk of a war, jous enthusiasm of the Queen , Who had no hesi- tation in asserting with his own lips some time ago that the samo hour in which he ascended the throne the spirit of God had descended upon him and fitted him “In the primary scheme of crea- tion,” he added, ‘‘the existence and regal m'ght of the Gueiphs was already determined upon. Their sway, therefore, would last ull the ond of all time, tothe honor of God and the well-being of their subjects.’ THE “MISSION” OF AUSTRIA. seems to be |, Consequences of the Peace Treaty With Italy. the London Times, October 8 } Tho cls ar'sing from the ti of ieee lately concluded at Vienna are Irss fav jo to Austra than they are to Italy. The difference does not mere!; Le to the not simply because Austria has been compelled to part with Vene(ia and renounce her piace at the head of the German Confederacy that ber condition inspires hor well-wishers with serious apprebensiona, The uncasi- ness proceeds from the extreme difficulty created for ber by the late events of determining hor proper position for the futare. The Hapeburg hay ceased to be a German and an I'alian sovereign. What place will he have in Europe simply as an Austrian monarch? * * © concluded with Italy, and the removal of the sons from the Quadrilateral, enable them to con- centrate their forces round the seat of neyee ay act with undivided energies upon any given point. In any dispule with Huvgary, in ony difieulty inthe Bast, Aus. tria will no longer have to be on her guard against the South. Her mission Europe “no longer leads her in that direction,” as sho informs ne, and, notwithetand. jog many petty demonstrations of iil will, it le not likely that she can harbor us thought of a new quar- zi covery of her lost ground in iL now depends on the solu- ion, on the settloment of the It ta in all probability with a army horte Italy to en! plications om the Danube, in her conflict with rebel races, or in ivr advance upon Turkish or Russian borders, she can bave no better ally Ne Confederacy. The animosity between Austria and Prus- ria, however nateral under present circul ces, should not be long lived. The of ili will between them oom ores each other’ ray ‘They may sui! bave, both crore her's ey may ve, in the Rast and West, community of interests, but scarcely any ground for rivalry and bostility. SWITIZERLAI Se Napoleon’s Mauifesio Alarming te the Cit. wens. [Berne (Sept. 24) correspondence of the Paris Ten; P must fret speak to you ‘Avon's subject which Rohe would bave sufficed Switzerland to the roorganization of reagwuring. remark is true that a ident Goo ee Dee ceeen sae wn, fo by ie Foto neterignd Where are ha Serene e oketat or wes ra Se {oabare the Ger. @nongh for the s ! J THE REFORM AGITATION. irish Preparations for Mr. Bright’s Visit. iw the Dublin Evening Malt, Oot, 10.) How intense the excitement is the men of Dublin, in senate of Mr. the ic may judge ft fact that ata ‘of the = the other evening, to receive the ba i reply to a letter of invitation to a then projected, bat now abandoned, pabiic meeting of operatives on the morrow after the big dinner, five persons in allattended! There was, we belicve, freak, eatbosiate among this small company, and an was resolved upon, to be pre- sented t Mr. Bright on his arrival in Dublin, in the name of the working! ‘48 @ pertinent: ill “manifestations” of workingmen are orgipated this fact may usefully be mentioned. An advertisement from the Bright Banquet Committes, in yesterdey mern- ing’s papers, intimates that the tickets can be had, in apy quantity, by Post Office order from the most distant parte of the country. Political Prisoners—-British Hamanity and Treatment of the Convicts of 948 nnd 66. To Tus Eprror oy tae Maxcnester Guarnian:— Mr. Pope Henneesy, in his paper on the ‘Repression of Crime,” read at the Social Science Congress, while inveighing against the treatment of the Irish political prisoners, used the following words:—Tho imprison- ment of Jeigh Hunt, Mr. Ernest Jones and many others was of thg lenient and considerate treatment which had been @® custom in this peter Permit me to.correct the great error Into which Mr. Hennessy his fallen. Of the treatment of Mr. Hunt, his imprisonment having been before my time, I cannot speak; but of my own I can assert that it was in nowise Jess severe than that of the Irish prisoners of the present day, Twas kept for more than two years in soparate con- finemont on the silent system, most rigidly enforced, so rigidly that for an involuntary smile I was sent for three toe dark cell, on bread and water. 1 was com- ed to wear the tricolored prison garb, For the first nineteen months I was kept without books, re ink or paper, and had to spend that time in acell twelve feet by seven feet, locked up in solitude and silence, and without evon a table or achair, To this cell—tho day coll—there were throe windows, two without glass, but with rough wooden shutters, through which the wind and snow and rain of winter blew all over the Mace; my night cell was of far smaller dimensions, ing only nine feet by four feet; ie window was une glazed, its shutters did not meet the window frame or cach other, by one inch or two inches, ‘There was an aperture over my bed eighteen inches twelve inches, through which the snow and mist and rain came over me, asT slept, saturating ray clothing with moisture, so that often the drops of water dripped from as put it on. the bed itself was a sack of straw and a piece of carpeting. From this bed I had to go when I arose in the morning, at five o'clock, across two yards, to wash aud fn the open air, in shirt and tronsers only, often getting wet in the rain and snow while dressing, and sitting ali day in wet clothes in my fircless cell; for during the first twelve mouths I was allowed no fire in my day ceil, During the intenso frost of the winter of 1849, we had to break tho ice in the atone troughs in whicty we were all compelled to wach in tho same water, for, strange to say, the separate system Was not carried ont in the dross ing time; but a word or alook towards any of the other prisoners was Visited with the dark ceil and bread and water, The diet was so poor, and of so rev lting a kind, and the treatment so severe, that at last I was upablo to walk across my cell without support, Neither, knife nor fork was allowed at meals, and 1 had to tear my food with my fingers. Bont to the ground with rheuma- tism, and rucked by neuratg'a, I applied for permission to have fire; but thix was denied me until the eecond win. ver of my imprisonment. Then I was so weak that [had to crawl on all foure, if I sought to reach the door of my cell to knocr for assistance. Ou one cecasiun, ile trying to * tiie. E fainted, fell againet the grate, and bad a var- Lh Live reins. buroed to death. It will be recollected that fn ‘Ye~~ 1849 the cholera raged so foarfully in London that on one day-n> four hundred and seventeen persons died, ‘During Tie theion of the plague, while suifering from bowel complaint, I ‘was rent to 2 dark cell on bread and water because I did not pick the cakam which was brongt me as my day's task. Such was the treatment Mr. Hennesoy calls lenient and considerate—but this was, to mic, its most lenient During ali this time I was, after the first four weeks, allowed to hear from my wife and chiidren only once every three months; and once because, thongh un- asked by me, at the desiro of eeveral members of Par- Lamont, Sir J. Walmstoy and the late Mr, Wakley got an crder to visit me, I was pot allowed to see my wife for six months, and this in the helght of the cholora plague, and whil> four hundred and seventeen died, as stated, in one day; and thouzh 1 implored them to let me know whether my wife aud childron were still alive, even that was denied me. Out of the four other political seatenced simullaneously with my: two, Alexander Shr and John Williams, died in prison after about six months’ endurance of this treatment, and the coroner's d sin their verdicts attributed their early deaths to the sufierings they had undergone, ceneured the treat- ment and recemmended its dscontinuance; but it was continued unaltered notwithstanding. The third, John Vernon, died soon after his release, which was granted him six months before the completion of bts sentence, that fs, after cightecu montha’ imprisonment. Task you, in justice to myself and the others who suffered with me, to insert this stgtemont of facts; and Thave revealed but a portion—a small portion—of the sufferings inflicted. I have never puraded this, never spoken of it or written about it; but I do think it is rather hard that, after having undergone all these things, we should be held up as examples of lenfent and con- siderate treaimant. i xm, sir, your obedient sorvant, ERNE=T JONES. 47 Prixenas Strget, Maxcunsrer, Oct. 10, 1866, soners who were Frenok Opizion ot a Coming Revolution in England. [From Galignani’s Menonger, Octobor 13—Evening. } he Monde sooms to think that the Reform agitation excited by Mr. Bright may lead to a revolution in Eng- land and transfer conduct of affairs from the hizher classes to the people, Our contemporary can be but in- differently acquainted with the habits of the country in question, if it jously entertains such an opinion. Those mons‘er meetings, which aro sure to take place in England when any great political question is agitated, are in reality nothing more than safoty valves to allow popular excitement to dise play itself freely and foruish to the persons in power useful 18 a8 to the real state of popular foeling. When at last ac! ap imevRable tue govern- ment of the day yields to the pressure from without, or nie concessions, another mi ietry"replecen — Tequi an ry rep! and effects the modification called for. There is nothing re- volutionary in such proceedings, and although there may be con: le movement and much loud talking throughout the land—as in the cases of Catholic e1aanc! pation, the repeal of the corn laws, and now for electoral reform—ail snbeides when the errata queatio is arran.cd either by entire concession or by a compromise. The , theref: in speaking of revolution ‘0 England because Mr. Bright uses somewhat stronger language than his case may seem to demand, or perhaps than he wou'd act up to himseif if he had the power, |e under an exaggerated impression which the English themselves would not by any means acquiesce in. The palowing an extract from our contemporary's obaerva- tion:—This appeal to the poople might tend to a social revolution. Mr. Bright docs not go so far; what he wishos ‘is to re-establish popular representation in Eng- land, to make the Bouse of Commons the and oa yg of yl nation, and not of a yng oe us Mr. ae » in appearance, seeme to only @ sit extension of the saffrage. Does he not deure vomething more, or does affect only to see so far, im not to frighten timorous minds? [It is dificult to decide; but it is probable that so wide an agitation will go beyond ity obje i A constitution is not one of those itastic edifices which children construct with metrical Sgures, the foundation, the wings and the ly of which may be altered at will, without spoiling jis apy a constitution ign complex, complete, hving must express tho real relations between cinsses Of a uation. If, then, the agitation now in pro- gress in England {a to end In cansing power fo fall from the hands of the arisiocracy into thoe of the poop, it walt be for that country an imarne revolution, which will have ita reaction soover or later on English Jaws and manners and on both domestic and foreign policy. For the rest, this revolut ii it be accomplished, will not be for the proat of the middie classes, bat for that of the workin; men; the tenderness shown Mr. Bright in his lates Li h towards the former impose on no one; the nglih artisans are t6o practical to draw trom the fire of @ revolution only a few liberties which the middle class Would monopolise. CANADIAN CONFEDERATION. Karl Caraarvon’s Speec! Last evening the doles: from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, had visited this country with the view of arranging measures for the federation of the British North American fp were entertained by the Couuell of the United North American Association at a sumy took place at the Albion i rE x El Ei 3 i i Li ! to and to provide echools wherein edotation we eee em Sema | te, tay ace ae out one of jealousy, ‘and by the colonies ‘with have been and might have been done by fealinge at tho preleantess' =o hay Raver orumsnes Sates See eee from slavery to frm‘one of’ our great, colonies in nae dichoarise M ween noe that wi vo'be Waar tote whi! wise legisiation, we bees) it to thecolonse! tee of freedom, “They have lasted down Ki former prosperity. half the zeal ourday. They are only now pussing away. That lesson See. England; one she ought notto be to profit by, whatever ohanges may afterwards Ifthe colonists treat us with confidence, that confidence will be a hundredfold repaid. We look upon the growing power of our colomes with no jealousy oF distrust, met, wn the eonery, et that the more populous 1s and powerful our the greater will bo tue strength toy will confer | yay, {From Gallgnant's Memsoaner, Gon 104 Spon the mother eoontry. (neers) reosived from the wine growing countries of Burau and the centre of cd the former district M. LAMIRANDE’S EXTRADITION. by ry ies the town, the eo at about t o ym the on A Franco-Canadian Difficulty Likely to Arise | Beaune, the dnt ves com’ there to From Lord Monck’s Action. saunay the vines are completely out to shreds, on sev {From the London Times, Sept. 26. The act for the amendment of OUP Me xtradition laws had searcel Beaune the ball fell sith violonat received the royal aasent before an incident ne the fe! took place in Canada which rb too much color to the | minutes, and French cashier, named irande, being accused of defrauding the Poicticrs branch of the Bank of Frauce by means of false entries, had taken refuge at Montreal. He was pursued by & iY French detective, who procured a warrant Boris deten- | however, su suspicions of its L Opponents. A th by of Volt and Pomard, Gleny, y and Virnolies The top of the hill less than the lower part. tion from Lord Monck, through the French Consul at Aigner accounts of hailstorms are recelved Montreal. It is hardly to discuss the question | the ‘is, the vintners com) whether a Consul, having no lar diplomatic s/a‘us, is | weather di which the fruit competent to such a ; foran informality of | that improvement may this kind, if any, would surely not be sufficient to viti- | now and the period for ate the arrest, ie Bul uént proceedings, however, | otherwise than bad. The pogo, and unless grossly Le pye g ere wear s very different | has shown itself in thd lower vines, On the hills complexion, and for @ searching inquiry, M. | fruit is both too oloseend too abundant, which are Lamirande was duly taken by the police before a | causes unfavorable to good quality, ign magistrate, ~— se pom oreroney, that —— - here was a prima facie case against him. was * iy committed for trial, and lodged ta the Mon: RAILROADS IN INDIA. treal whence he presented a petition for a writ of habeas corpus before Mr. Justice Drummond, a Judge of A Check to the Advanc the Court of Queen's Bench in rer Canada. The Judge had already intimated an opinion in favor of the prisoner, and was about to issue the writ, when the 1 for th secution lied foran adjournment tatll the = -oyncenarnge Daring the night certain per. | to receive the sanction of the Indian ‘authorities, sons at hag pe of mA — vals an ener a line, re eer vod je nee tink Lone ane Per { y it iff, reoting the gaoler Pen, Aleved vy the Deputy Sherif, and directing the gacler 10 | fenb aud Seinge ites. The ‘other ines, no tas import, officer. This was done, on pot an pri es torts antina i ‘and strat ie oly view, ion aad f his friends, the acc! wos bu off with snel from Peshawur, both expedition that he was on his way to France before | Kurrachee with the Kyber Past—the iatlot baling az measures could bo taken for his rescue. Such, divested of all its more questionable features, in the story that hag reached as from Canada, and fow will deny that, if true, it discloses a flagrant abuse of the Extradition treaty, It is farther alleged that Lord Monck Limeelf was ostensibly made party t this nefarious compiracy by the predwtion of a document, to which his mites distant from Peshawur. ‘This ia the to the movements of attach importance towards our forthwoeutern frontier. EFFECTS OF EMANCIPATION (N RUSSIA. that can be given to'thore whe; beat answer i who; natere had been o' tained under false pretenres, command. A8t. correspondent of the Pall Ma Ga- <= ‘or cmpowering the deputy cheriif'to grant the order | #elte writes as follows:—'*The continuation of the old for immediate extradition, How mueh truth there may | despotic ayatem of the Cznrs, in the midst of the far reaching soote) population who are fotally un} produced a state of anarchy in be in this statetaent It is impossible to say until we re- ceive Lord Monck's own account of the aflair It is, of Course, tueredible that any governor general, stil! more one who bas acquitted himself hitherto with so much discretion, should bave lent bimself to the sinister manw@uvres of French police agents, and assumed to override tho lawful jurisdiction of a court of fus- tice, oven if it were possible to imagine a motive for so grave a breach of duty. It makes not the least difference from this point of view whether. Mr. Justice | a po) Druwmond’s reasons for holding the prisoner éntitied | almost without anv to a writ of habeas corpus are sownd or the contrary: So long as he was within the protection of the Conrt, and his cage wag still pendivg, there was no power known to the law which could authorize bis removal. It will be for the Colonial Secretary to take proper steps for the elucidation of this transaction and the punistiment of those who may Lave been implicated n ¢ evils which undermine its power. possible eae n ie of evils under which the country is now laboring. teen governmentsin the centre of Ru food for man or beast. santry, who, having noone to urge given ness, n it. Meanwhile, it would be a great misfortune if — conduct attributed to the French officials and their an accomplices should. bring the polley. of oxtradiien $00 ut, The people of Canada may well be indiguent at F0-lagrant and shame- ieas a deflance of thelr icgal privileges, Whtoh-certainly occurs very inopportunely, just after we have . Ben Butler, &c. revised our Extradition ‘laws at the instance Minwavene, Oot. 26, 1868. _- of France. Siill, however unlucky the coin« ‘Not over sovénty-five persons wore present this fore- cidence, we cannot sympathize with that national pride which rebels against the surrender of the worst crimipale, as if it were an encroachment on the sacred “right of asvlum,'’ or regvot that a needless obstacle to the course of justice wns abolished by the legslation of last session. It is aitogether uureaconable to argae that whatever gives increased cMlleacy to our existing treaties is but the thin end of the wedge, and must lead in tho end to the extradition of politics? offenders, properly 80 ciiled. The distinction between, this class of offences and all others is clear and dofinite; it has been reeog- nized by most civilized nations, and ia capable of being perfeetly defended on principle. The mere fact that no two governments could ever bo brought to aavee bout noon at the reassembling of the Soldiers’ and the definition of such offences {s quite enough to secure | amendment the North would be compelled to their exclusion from extradition treaties, even if thelr ad- | ri terms of pote of mission could or would be tolerated by modern public | dross was repeatedly vr apeiandrd, opinion, The recent modification of our own law has not | a sign! indication of the drift the slightest tendency to facilitate the apprebenaloa of | throu the Northwest. He paida political fugitives, It operates exclusively upon the crimes | to the memories of Houghton ‘ana ie, and in: thot are or may be specified in our treaties with foreign yp of twenty-five miifions of hee factory, but to the inerineat aod nogiizence of the pom: actory, ET antry, me thorn to work, have introduced among classes of the prepared for them, haw Russia which {t ts dsffi- cult for those to realize who only see what the govern- to show to the foreigner, bat aro ignorant: rooky! {n terms too strong the ronttipltelty, ing. are resald: ves up to their besetting vice of drunken- SPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE WEW YORK WERALS. Sparse Attendauce—Characteristic Address of Convention, wheroupon It adjourned till two P.M. Genoral Butler was then presented to an audience of notions. Murder, the atterapt to murder, forgery and | amendmenta, he brought down the house by fravduleut bankruptey are, we believe, the only subjects | ‘We could itas long as Texan, We had of our treaty with France, and they will continue to. be | ball but.ff she preferred bullets we knew how #0. Treagon will remain, for the purposes of extvadi- | sendthem.’’ General Butler leaves for Detroit: tion, a venial act. The now law relaics solely to “the | to-morrow. were read to the Convention from. adinission in evidence of judicial or official documents or orale Logan, Sehvrz, Sigel, Washburn, Chetlaia, copes of documents,’’ It enacts tint warrants of arrest and copies of depositions shall ve recetved as authentic, | atte: he! 27 if the former « SLi? se pal 8 jud; Kr Fdoes: mT competent magistrate of the foreign State, and if the lat- SAL AACE. ter “purport to b> certified’? under the hand of. such a judge or fa ples provided that in either case the signature of the judge or raagtstrate shall be verifiod by the oficial seal of tho Mmister of Justice. Had this statute been in operation when Lamirande poti- tioned for his retcase, it would havo cut. away ono toch. nical ground on which the Canadian Judec was di to grant the habeas corpus, but it would have left ali the more subs!ugtial grounds untouched. It must still have deen shown fo the satisfaction of the court that evidence sach aa would justify his committal for trial in Canada bad been produced against him. We need hard!y add affaty was by no means a success, nor was there any- thing great about the race. Only three boats entered for the contest. These wore the Jennie, Seaman Rayner and Game Cock. They are ail boats under twenty feet that an arbitrary usurpation of fadicial fonctions by the | from the Bridgeto Throge’s Point and back. At haif~ being em ca a. Saat pemerhy. np er past ten A. M. the three boats started from the buoy st L ve r meu ent were foroe Or uot. ‘At the tame sno we eannot forcet tat ft phyla ene os ner a wea'gngned is Gateesape to Se | f boat, The Raynor the choice of position te ee ee ward. ‘There was « good north northwest at tices of the Omtinen'ad pire. time, In rounding the oft ws Nick bt that a fresh signidcance should have been gl as Prony warnings by the laelow Tocaptare of Lam Fande, and wo, pepe gone oy eet may hope that no time will be lost by the Frenc! re Jennie became discouraged aed i} -y ernment tu repudiating 0 audacious an abuse out | shortiy after roanding the The Raynor oe a Ps Satin eae ook (ou nan sot omy UESTION Wires’ seconds, Thor was 20 betting or three eee wllinge "dome sey entne inate one gs Engiavd’s Endeavor to “Reconstruct” | Sen fos ew yy 3 heed Jamaic: did mot create much excitement or drew many sped- {l'voxs the London Times, Oct. 9.) tators, - Two questions of very unequal difficulty were dis- —_— cll, | SAFETY OF PASSENGERS ON THE STATEN renee cussed in the suggestive pai read by Mr. Ro Inte Secretary to the ‘Jemaica Cemmission, before the eoats. Social Peience Cor at Manchester. Its genera! sub- ject was the duty of Great Pritain towers inferior races in our coluntes and ; and if thts problem involved no more than s consideration of first principles it would be comy simple. ‘There are few, in- ced, who allege ‘that ts ono law for the Buro- pean and another for the African’ in the senso which Mr, Roandell fo pr condemns. are many, | ing:—Being on the Staten Istand ferry boat engaged ia however, who beticve that, althouzh Curlstiad | eouversation with a lady ou the great lose of life by the morality’ ie the suprema lew for a Christian | prening Stag, 1 iea,to ter c ab en pre! ‘ nation in all ite rela'tons to Luman beings, yet what in Europe would te cdiows tyranny mery be gustice an? mercy in Africa, or in dealing with mn of African blood. At the saine time it must be admitted that even the most clementary dictates of Christian morulity are apt to be forgotten under the influence of such passtous ore kindled by the Morant Bay massacre. Fear is prover. Dially the mother of cruelty; and when the instincts of fear are not only w' that Iatent antipathy towards less favored races which I peculiarly Anglo- Saxon, but consecrated, as it were, by the naititary epirit, the ferryboat any alarm should be given to run immedi- ately down stairs and secure one of the life preservers which are ina box below, A thick fog prevailing at the time the engine bell rang to atop, a vessel being close under her bow, The lady requested to be shown the bomanity bas ever a ta — ae = them. Mr. Roundeli emphatically denounces the a habtied - rasa: ae tee ay contempt for the rights and foclings of Intertore which fhe eae ee #2 08: P lime, aad I Jeare represents charactoriatic of the military profession, | fision om phage, ness Psp, ak on. = Nao ag have been aggravated vy the great Indian peeve cod tin val ‘ot 4 : tat sre ee were ba rvers on board to save wy". Mr. Roundel! ehares the conviction, which is | Wythe pod eath oaee board to save the now almost universal, that a commanity of which the | hands as to the culpable as A majority waa thus composed, and of which educate? | pox the roy i on phen | the = whites formed a very small minority, was signalty unst | ty Pes Sate ch then er for representative institutions, lie attributes tho pree | ther comment Ye from ‘a6 ay = + ont dist! condition of ica hot to the elfects of | wratulate the citt etl t he ps con- emancipation, for {t bad sot in before, nor to the ruin- Our competition with slavegrown ugar, which haw baen eustained with success by Trimidad and other islan nor to the inherent Jeziness of the blocks, bi infateation ofthe planter, of safe transit the coming winter. [From the Peoria Democrat, Oct. 14.) on Water street, procured a horse and great estates, v ir ered bis name ns William RK, Smith. readers will hardiy expect ua to enter fully. Mr. tbe same 'e view seems to have boon etrongly supported at the mee (MYSTERIOUS ABDUCTION OF A YOUNG GIRL AT PEORIA, LL. afternoon a man went to the livery stable of H i Noularly by Mr. Constantine . The him Burke, who pa fw Bs a A the skill and in- acquainted with The dustry of the black ry. Nor can it be denied street and mete sen of that more is to be than appears at first sight in ex- in conversation with cuse of their aversion from ‘‘continuons Inbo A and would lite te pork Boy) p acc wiih \ivated vaser Fould tell him where *mal c wat yt of their own, Troe = ar, ay theif chlet wees be could i workin; way times. could, fe ver un! ‘ a ‘conmmsand of continues iplett, residing on Walnat Ler, especial: ia thi tn the sear Urbs iulss litle warsascanble vo bisese the negro 0 koew thom, snd wont s0 for not ing his own fields at a critical time He then drove to work on her, Still, to doubt Seieed, Mies oer that idienes it the besetting vice of the emanci- ‘accompany in oe pated negro, or that he may in fair wages by LK mpd, % ‘working regularly, is to dispute what cli his best veuiaenee of imu, friends are com; to admit. The elaborate report of alighted the Baptist Mission to the Jamatca rament is con. inaking prepa =| clusive on this point. No more favorable witnesses As Cg me could be called on behalf of the population, yet and up im every of thie iment, the het Morse which Mr. Burke rid was conveyed to Mr. Neither Mr. Roundel! nor any of thore who followed and started Wty O 4 him could any sov Temedy for the cond\s A bo trace fugi- te ee Somalee, They would ve shown little disere. several a gentlemen com. ton bad they attempted © doeo. There is seldom any missing gi one specific for evils which cannot be traced to any one cause. A paternal such as has at lost been established, offers the chance of rebuilding the wcial Toe re es era tate comekee Eel ‘Ta poo Egy tt neat eee ae a buggy, and did not system to bo - put oven famally ties have to be created aires. Wish imyHterious, but_may be clerrep re ee een gceer a ns ma veces ts districts or temaice have of Inte been - tato a the