The New York Herald Newspaper, August 28, 1866, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORVON BENNETT, EDIVOR AND PROPRIETOR, NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, AUGUST 28, 1866.—TRIPLE SHEET. bonds forthe oarrying out of the undertaking specified im the appointment of these gentlemen. MISCELLANEOUS. Our special correspondence from British Honduras is dated at Belize on the 28th of July, Colonial affairs are Rot very promising, Property was burdened with govern- OFFICE N. W. CORNER UF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. | ment taxes, and there was a general desire to avoid the AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. ‘ BaoA Dw Ay. qanawea, ‘Broadway, near Broome woop’s THEATRE, Poceteres, the St, Nicholas jotel.—Tas Hancon ‘Brora RRSATILK COMPANY OF ‘asT8, ACROBATS, cums, Pantomimisrs, Voca.ists, TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Voostum—Necno Minstaxist—BaLisr Peaemwlome AV ERTISSEMENT, 20.—Naw Yous is tux Ovpex Trax. LEY WHITE'S COMBINATION TROUPE, at Hall, 472 Broadway—in 4 Vaniery or Lica? r UGHABLB Enventainuares, ‘Cours pe Batisr, &c, VPawvomima. TBRRACE GARDEN, Third Avenue, between Fifty- bad Fifty-uinth streets.—Taro. Tom 4s’ ORCURSTRAL Concents, commencing at 8 o’Clock. EMY OF MINSTRELS, 720 Broadway, (California wedasitela) Sino, Daxcxs axp EruioriaN BuRLesques BUDWORTH’S MINSTRELS, Fifth Avenue Opera House, Mos, 3 and 4 West Twenty-fourth street.—Krmorian Max: Benatar, Batvaps, BuaLesques, 4c. BOOLEY’S OPERA HOUSE, Brooklyn.—Eraroriax Mix- . SeRmer—BalLaos, BURLisQUES AND Panioaines. MEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Brondway.— wrra tae Oxr-Hrpuogex Microscorg | twice zap axp Rigut Ana or Vnossr, Open from 8 a wl P.M. TRIPLE SHEET. THB NEWS. ra EUROPE. Oar special telegrams from Europe, by the Atlantic @able, embrace uews from Russia, Italy and Saxony, dated on the 25th and 26th of August respectively. The mdvices from Berlin, London, Liverpool, Birmingham, Queenstown and Londonderry, come down to the even- ing of yosterday, the 27th instant, The provisions of the peace treaty of Prague will not be made public until the act is ratified’by all the Powers concerned. » The American officers are still féled in Moscow. * Waly has demanded from Austria the restoration of fll the national relics in Venice. The iron crown of Lombardy is tacluded in the list. A powerful party in Saxony supports the idea of the apnexation of the whole territory to Prussia. ‘Tho exiled Poles aro still in arms in Siberia, ‘There has been a further relaxation ot martial law in ‘he Bussian provinces. ‘Tho English reformers have made a monster demon- stration in Birmingham, demanding a manhood suffrage mocording to residence. Console advanced one-fourth per cont in London yesterday, closing at 8% The market for Amorican securities ia firm. United States five-twenties closed at 72 in London yesterday evening. ‘The Liverpvol cotton market closed steady yesterday, middling upiseds ruling at thirteen and three fourths pence. Breadstufls were fist, with a downward tendency, und prices nominal. Provisions quict. Produce gener- ally onchange THE CITY. ‘Pho vimt of the Presinent continues to be the topic of eouversation among all classes of citizeus, who are ‘anited in their desire to do honor to the occasion. Both boards of the City Council held special meetings yester- @xy. The Board of Aldermen adopted rezolutions of Feapest, endorsing his reconstruction policy and web coming him to the city, which were ordered to be on- ‘romsed and will be presented tothe Prosident, The Beard ef Councilmen also adopted the same reso- tutions, Mossre. Roberts and Pullman, however, eejecting strenuously to an endorsement of the Wresldent’s policy. The Board of Supervisors ao adopted similar resolutions, A programme wes adopted by the committee, which is about the eame am published im the Hanan yesterday. Tho ceromonies ‘will be participated in by the judges of the courts, the @tg council, the heads of departments, membors of Con- atom and of the Stato Legisiature, army and ex-army eMicors in uoiform, the veterans of 1812, and tho Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Independent National Uion League. The public offices will be closed and no business transacted on Wednesday, and the committe recommend the citi- sens generally to close their places of business and unite witm the autherities in he honors accorded (he Chiof Magistrate Flags will bo displayed on @i the public buildings and on the shipping in the bar- bor, The programmes adopted by tho Municipal and ‘Htizene’ Committee are published in full in the Hera ‘thie morning. The municipal authorities of Brooklyn heve also tacen the matter in hand and invited the President to visit that city. A steamer will be prepared eapecially to take the party up the Hudson, and at Wost Point the display will be in the hands of General WoCallum. There will probably be s review of the sadoie and @ breaking up of camp on the occasion. Major Genoral Meade has issued the necessary orders for (he paying of the usual military honors throughout his 4opartmont at points which the President may pass. ‘There were five new cuses of cholera, and five deaths from the sane disease reported yesterday. The mortuary taport of the past week showod a decrease since the ro- port of the previous one, Thore were two deaths from sholorn a: Wards Isinnd, and two inthe Lunatic Asylum wa Sunday last. No new cases or deaths had occurred a4 the other public institutions, Reports from Brooklya showed a continued decrease in the number of cholora cance = There were two hunvired and seventy-one deathe io Brooklyn last week. The indications wero that the “aolora would soon entirely disappear from the city. The Hiremen’s Association held a regular meeting last night, when a special committee was appointed relative to the contemplated excur.ton to Parts in 1867, Venian affairs in this city are looking ap. Mr. Stephehs snd the escaped Dublin prisoners are sketching ont their vropoeed battle ground, and in consequence of their re- sewed activity considerable ald is forthcoming in the way of contributions, Myr. Stephens will probably leave for Troy to-day ou his Wostern tour, The rival bead- quarter: of the Robert«’ faction are preparing vigorously for the coming Senate caucus at Troy on Thursday, It iw oxpectod that this Congroes will finally decide whether +1 is expedient to inaugnrate another Canadian invasion. {¢ # rumored that President Roberts bas sent a special mensenger to Ireland to roporton the state of Fenian affairs thore, Capada iv ontirely relieved of her fears of aa invasion for the preson!, but sho is in no burry to got rid of hor defomsive forces, Tho troope at Fort Erie have boon ordered to break camp, but the active reor- qanization of the militia ati! continues, Dean Richmond, Prealdout of the New York Contra Raliroad and Chairman of the New York Democratic diate Committer, died yesterday morning at an early dour at the residence of Samuel J. ‘Tilden, Gramercy etlng of the soldiers and sailors formerly in of the United States, ie called for Friday Union equare, to ratify and approve the Jelpbia Convention and the recon. @ruction An orter o Dareo Mazuera was Prantod by Judge ay, at the suit of Gen. mal Santa Auno, charyiog him with freud in the pur. eatgaf tho steamship Georgia, He statos in his alfida. eit thie Mazunta exhidted a letter to him in St Thomas purporting % be from William H. Seward, urging the Paint 10 come imMmedistoly to the United States, as the government was auxions «nd willing to ald him tn his aorta on behalf of the Mexicana people, which letter was aconcoction of Mazuera’s, and not written by William M. Seward, The plaintiif «tater that throngh the docelt and (rnud of Senor Maznera, who has been bie private secagiary, he haa sustained damazes tothe amoant of 870,000, The nogro man, Charles Rogers, who was wabbed on Saturday night, in Rrooklyn, FE. D., diet on Sunday AIX young men, all under twenty-one yours of age, ex. sept one, who is twenty-two, were arrested, charged with being implicated in the murder, The young man who siahbed the deceased ie about twenty years of age, cattle driving case was up again yesterday on the srgomeut to vacate the injunction against the oard of Wonith, restraining thom from interfering with the busi- nem of Charles Cooper. The atguinont was not con oaded when the court sdjoarned for the day. Jndge Baroart ber granted tho application made by eae of tho Kighteonth Werd Market for a eendamaud 0 vaushe! bug \y mowaller ta sas [7 eous === === | payment of the imposts, The prisoners taken by the Frain a me ORAS No. 240 | Yucatan Indians in April last have boon ransomed by the Colonial government, and a claim will he made on Mexico for the expenses and costs and security for their good conduct hereafter, The volonists entertained the idea of applying all their energies 10 the cultivation of sugar cane. en arrival at Boston we have advices from Hayti to August 6. Avery destructive fire had ocourred at Cape Haytion on the morning af the 26th of July, the damage boing estimated at about $700,000. The insur- gents had advanced upon Cape Haytien, but were re- pulsed with severe loss by the government troops under General Montes, At last accounts they were in full re- treat into Yan Domingo. News from Mexico by way of San Francisco is to the effect that the French had received orders to evacuate Ban Salvador, and it was expected Durango would also be evacuated. A portion of the expedition under John B, Urmy, for Corona, had landed in Sinaloa with tour thousand muskets and six pieces of artillery. ‘The news from Hong Kong, China, is ape ar commercial panic was felt there seriously. pany had broken out in Kansub, and the rebels bad seized the capital Ranchon. A great many of the man- darins and gentry were thereupon compelled to comm't suicide, to prove themselves loyal The Emperor's troops bad beaten six thousand five hundred rebel troops at Nierfu. The United States flagship Hartford had arrived at Hong Kong. It is feared that the American schooner Golden Pearl was lost about June 12, between Samar and Amoy, It was recently reported that Jeff Davis would be re- leased on parole, and such an impression is gaining ground rapidly in Fortress Monroe. The pressure brought to bear upon the President by Charles 0’Conor and Davis’ friends, has, it is thought, forced him to yield, and that he will ghortly grant a conditional parole similar to that granted fo Clement G, Clay. Davis’ Phy- sician states now that fhe health of the prisoner is not so procarious as his friends represent, ‘The report of General Gordon Granger of a tour recently made by him through a portion of the Southern States, with a viow to observing the disposition of the Southern people, 13 published in tbe Heratp this morn- ing. He says that in all the States he visited he found no sympton of organized disloyalty to the genoral gov- ernment. Official information has been received from Madrid of the confirmation of the royal order granting to Major General William F. Smith, President of tho International Ocean Telegraph Company, the right to establish lines of submarine telegraph between the United States and tho West India Islands, by way of Cuba. An enthusiastic ratification of the Philadelphia Conven- tion was held in Faneut! Hall, Boston, last night. Senator Doolittle was the principal speaker, and in an elaborate address of nearly two hours discussed the great ques. tion of the day, and was frequently interrupted by loud and prolonged cheers. Governor Parsons, of Alabama followed him. Henry W. Paine presided, and Benjamin R. Curtis, Colonel Aspinwall and Hon. William Gray were among the vice-prosidenta, A call is issued by the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Union, of Wasnington, for a convention of all who served in the army or navy during tho late war, and who belleve treason should be made odious and traitors punished, to meet in Pittsburg on the 25th of September. Eleven deaths from cholera were reported in Cincin- natbon Sunday, It has lost its epidemic characterin that city and is rapidly abating. Twelve cases wero re- ported yesterday in Memphis, Ninety deaths from the disease wore reported in St, Loule on Saturday and sev- eaty-three on Sunday, which isa marked abatement of the epidemic in that city. In New Grieans the deaths during Sunday were twenty-six, which is a decroase in the number formerly reported. On the plantations there is no diminution, the negroes refusing to take any medicine, asthey have conceived the idea that the white people intend to poison them. A fire occurred in Chigugo yesterday afternoon by which all the buildihgs on Lake street, between Union and Desplaines, making over half an entire biock were destroyed. Tho loge is estimated at $150,000. ‘The town of Mariposa, Cal., was almost entirely do- stroyed by fire on the 25th inst., only five or six build. ings being caved. The love is estimated at $100,000. ‘The Bnitish ship Fairlight, bound toSan Francisco from Hong Kong, was lost near Po-Chung-Hiau Is!and on June 12, One hundred and forty-three Chinese pussongors wore drowned and one Euro pean. Consolidation ef Small States—Kurope Becom- ing Republicanized. There have been few eras in history since the time of Charlemagne when the tendency of idcas and of events flowed in so strong a cur- rent toward the extinction of small political communities and their absorption into great nations as it does in these latter days. No mat- ter how, in the crooked paths of diplomacy or in the clash of armies on the battle field, the real issue may be lost sight of, and mere mo- tives of ambition or Inst of conquest may ap- pear the incentives to asotion, it is none the less true that beneath the surface of things, and as the concealed spring that puts the entire machinery in motion, lies that tendency of which we speak, and which, irresistible and in- evitable, is slowly but surely attaining its ie > ‘e have within the past ten years seen how steadily this principle of consolidation is work- ing, and how futile have proyed all efforts to oppose it. We have seen the Italian princi- palities broken up and fused into the kingdom of Italy. Austria has yielded to the loss of Lombardy and Venetia. Bven the Pope him- self, resolutely and obstinately as he set his face against yielding up the Papal States and the Eternal City, finds his obstinacy and reso- lution forced to succumb before the fiat of destiny; and now Italy, regenerated and con- solidated, takes her place among the nations thai are to exercise great infuence in the future. The German Duchies which were attached to the Danish Crown have also within the last few years been violently wrenched away from their old annatural moorings, and, even while they were absurdly dreaming of a separate national existence, have found themselves melted down, in company with various other portions of feudol fatherland, into an amalgam out of which Prussia, through the in- strumentality of Bismarck and the needle gun—the alliance of mind with matter—ts cast- ing the great unitary Germany of the future, Austria, profiting by its adversity, is endeavor- ing now to propitiate the good will of ite Hungarian and Croatian subjects and to con- solidate ite. various nationalitics into one com- pact State. In vain did the desperate sons of Poland and the brave mountaineers of Circas- sin struggle against their manifest destiny. Amalgamated with Russia, they must be con- tent to forget their dreams of separate inde- pendence and to join in making Raseia the great colossal power of Earope. Equally vain and futile have been and will be the efforts of Irish nationalists to break off their political connection with Great Britain. The only philosophic movement to which the enemies of British rule in Ireland ean apply them- selves is to popularize the government by abolishing the monarchy and the aristocracy and establishing « British repablie, This may be the work of years or it may be accom- plished by a sudden revolution; but it is the only feasible mode of getting rid of the poll- tical disabilities to which the common people of England and Ireland are alike eubjected, France is one of the few countries tn Europe in which the spirit of consolidation » pkpcete dormant; hus that le besause, some centuries ago, the principle was pretty thor- oughly carried out under Louis XL, and be- cause France is now, whatever may be thought of Ler political condition, a unitary nation. in the most complete sense. In the North of Europe we see the Scanditavian races en- gaged in a movement to form of Denmark, Sweden and Norway one politica) community; and in the South of Europe the Iberian family indulges in the hope of reuniting Spain and Portugal. Our historical lesson would be far from com- plete if we confined its study to Europe. We find the same principle working out the same results on this continent. The Canadian prov- inces are on the eve of consolidation into s Canadian republic; and that event will be fol- lowed, if itbe not indeed preceded, by the absorption of the whole into the United States of America. Our late war was, to a great extent, @ conflict between consolidation and its op- posite principle, separation, and the result was the triumph of the modern idea. Even now the radical republicans have exchanged places with the rebels and strive to prevent a thorough cohesion from taking place; but their efforts Will prove as fruitless as did those OF the secessionists, and they themselves stan% the same chance of being crushed out ifPthey atrive to maintain their untenable posifion. It is the same with the countries south of the United States, Mexico has been siriving for a generation or so to stand alone, but all its efforts, from their commencement under Yturbide to their close under Maximilian, have been sadly fruitless, and nothing now remains but to recognize and: how to the irresistible force of circumstances and let Mexico be amalgamated into a republic which will then Gf Canada be at that time absorbed, and Rus- sia shall have ceded to us her possessions on the Pacific) exercise jurisdiction over the whole of North America. The war which P.r- aguay endeavors to maintain against Brazil and Uruguay can have no other result than consolidation; and Brazil, whether os an empire or as a republic, will fill the same réle in the Southern as we shall in the Northern half of the American continent. Even our Japanese friends have become imbued with the spirit of the age, and the Tycoon is dealing with his Daimios as Louis XL dealt with his semi-independent vassals. Itis not necessary in a newspaper article to go into all the reasons which tend to produce this remarkable movement of the age. They are perhaps more of a material than of an intellectual origin. The vast expense of modern wars is probably the chief cause. The cost at which the federal and confederate gov- ernments carried on hostilities—$8,000,000 a day on the average—would swamp financially the petty Powers of Europe in a few montis, weeks or days, Some of them would be bank- rupted by the purchase of a tew iron-clads like the Dunderberg. It is therefore abso- lutely necessary, in view of their inability to defend themselves in war, that they cvase to exist as separate communities, and that they become merged in great nations. By and by another and an equally necessary movement will take place from & monarchical to a republican form of government. Whether they so design it or not, Napoleon and Bis- marck are,'each in his own way, working for the republicanizing of Europe—the one by de- molighing ail the landmarks of the treaty of Vienna, and the other by gathering up into one fold the German tribes and giving them that opportunity of forming « German repub- lic which has been the earnest longing of so manyof their philosophers and poets. Mon- archs are to communities what schoolmastera sre to individuals, uscfal and neccesary in their age of pupilage, but to be set aside when the individuals or the nations attain to the full possession of their faculties, Most of the nations of Europe are now, under the in- fluence of the press, the railroad, the tele- graph and other teachers of civilization, far enough advanced to be justified in discharging their royal pedagogues and starcing in the world for themselves. Whenever they do so we are prepared te give them a cordial wel- come, Revision or tar Ist We publish to-day » careful.y prepared and valuable compilaiion of the changes made in our internal revenue taxation by the act of Congress of July 13, 1866. Ut is a compara- tive statement, showing the differences between the new law and the old. These differences are numerous and many of them are important ‘The iron, coal and petroleum interests of Penn- sylvania are peculiarly well taken care of under the revision. For instance, railroad iron, which paid under the late law $3 60 per ton, and pig iron, which paid $2 40 per ton, are placed on the free list, as are also steel, coal and petroleum. On the other hand, and per- haps to balance the serious reduction of reve- nue thus caused, the tax on raw cotton is raised fifty per cent (from two to three cents per pound) and tho finishing blow is given to Stale banks by a tax of ten per cent on their circu- lation. The mannfacturers of domestic cigats are benefited by a very considerable reduc- tion of the tax on their products, and a liberal exemption is made in behalf of tailors, shoemakers, haiters, milliners, dress- makers.and all that class of small manufactu- rers. The tax on sugar is reduced one-half. The tax on general manufactures is lowered generally from six to five per cent, in some in- stances to two percent. Printing paper is put on the free list, and the tax of six per cent on chemicals is generally abolished. A great stimulus is given to the production of native wines, by their being placed upon the free list, while all imitations thereof are taxed fifty cents a gallon, and the duty on foreign wincs is extravagantly high. It has been stated that the effoct of the new law will be to reduce the revenue derived from internal taxation. We do not agree in that view. If the amount of taxable products were to be the same under the new law as under the old then there might be such dimi- nution, although the incteased tax on cotton would even then counterbalance the reduction on other articles, But our taxable products are increasing from year to year to such an extent that the reduced rate of taxation would not diminish the aggregate revenue collected, and when we take into consideration how much the annusi consumption will be increased by the opening of the Southern markets, by the growth of Southern industry and enter. prise, and by the very fact of cheapening the products, our own opinion is very strong that the intornal revenue for the current fiacel year ‘will exceed that for the leet gsopl year. ‘The Death of Dean Richmond—Who Shall Be His Successor? Dean Richmond is dead. We shed our tears over him in our obituary column while re- counting the of his decease, the leading facts of his life, and the peculiarities of his character. But in this world death is too frequent an occurrence for a wise man to waste much time in useless mourning. Let us, then, wipe our eyes and our spectacles and take a sensible and practical view of an event which has caused as decided a sensation In Wall street and in political circles as among ‘the intimate personal friends of the deceased. It is not every politician whose illness can affect the chances of elections, nor every rail- road manager whese doctors can put stocks up or down by their bulletins as to the state of his health; but Dean Richmond was such a politician and such a manager. His political schemes were so identified with his railroad, and,his railrond qperations with bis politics, that it was impale 40 separate the one from the other. In fact he owed no small portion of his pow’ as a politician to the manner in whigd "se secured control of demooratic conven- ons by manipulating the elections of delegates through the numerous employés, attachés and dependents of his railroad. On the other hand, he used the political influence thus ob- tained to strengthen and develop his road and to gain for it the patronage and protection of State officials and legislators. His political and business relations were so reciprocal and had become so inextricably involved, that it is said ‘that the apprehension oi a successful combina- tion against him among the stock gamblers in Wall strovt, on the eve of an important and exciting political campaign in the State, aggra- vated his d'sease and hastened his demise. Now that Dean Richmond is gone, and even before he has been laid im his grave, the ques- tion as to his successor is being eagerly dis- cussed. The inquiry is not so much who shall succeed him as who can succeed him. There are very few mon who have just the requisites and qualifications necessary to take Dean Richmond’s place. He was in many th'ngg remarkable. He wai anxious to put other people into office, but never cared to hold office himself. He lived in the midst of all kinds of corruptions, but had a soul above pecuniary dishonvs:y. In both these particu- lars he was so far beyond the ordinary run of political leaders that it is very difficult to select anybody to fill bis shoes, There are politi- cians who refuse office and might wear Dean Richmond’s right shoe, and tiere are other politicians who do not steal, and might find his lett shoe fit them; but those who refuse office are generally the most corrupt, and those wuo are not corrupt are generaily ambitious of per- sonal distinction; so tuat we hive to look very far before we can discuver a politician without at least one cloven foot Besides this, the successor of Dean Richmond must have an equal talent for railroads and for politics, and equal skill in engineering lovofocos and loco- motives, Moat wirepuilers wouid find it rather difficult to svttle a dispute about freights or to arrange a time table, and most railroad presidents would shrink with holy horror from the task of pack.ng a primary meeting or making up the slate for a State convention. It was his ability to discharge che varied and diverse duties both of his business and politi- cul positions that gave Dean Richmond his importance, and in castins about for his suc- cessor we must keep this qualification clearly in mind. The opponent of Dean Richmond in the Albany Regency, Mr. Erastus Corning, is also reported at the point of death, so that we need not speculate as to the chances of his regain- ing the ascendency from which Richmond ousted him. Mr. Peter Caggor, the next promi- nent member of the Regency, is nothing but a secretary, whose province is to record what abler men resolve and accomplish, and he is as much too small for Dean Richmond’s place as for Dean Richmond’s old clothes, Seymour was long since lsid upon the shelf, and the idea of his putting forth a claim to leadership is absurd. Indeed, among the clique of politi- cians who surrounded Richmond, we seek in vain for any one to succeed him. The Albany Regency lived in him, died with him, and will be buried in his voffin, The green tree has fallen beneath the axe of death, and all the dead and rotten branches that have clung to it so long will come rattling down in its fall. But although this Regency has passed away, the conservatives of New York must have a recognized head and leader, and it {6 not im- possible that Commodore Vandorbilt may ax pire to that position. The mantle of Dean Richmond seems to have fadlen npon him, and appears to be a very good fit; but whether he will consent to wear it is yet to be decided. The Commodore is something of a politician, does not want office, is rich enough to be beyond temptation, and stands stead- fastly for President Johnson. Besides these qualifications he already has charge of the Harlem road and the Hudson River road, and we are informed that he owns « considerable namber of shares in the Central. Fond as he is of turning out the fastest trotters (except Bonner’s) in the Park, we should like to know how he relishes the idea of driving three rail- roads tandem during the approaching political race. With three times as many great lines as Dean Richmond possessed the Commodore could be three times as great « man in politics. His participation in the preliminary proceed- ings of the recent Philadelphia Convention leads us to infer that he is by no means indif- ferent to the political present and future, and we hope soon to see him handling the ribbons over the team of democrats and conservative republicans in this State, Gryrrat Granger's Report on Tax Sovrusen Srrvatton.—We have had many reports, from official and semi-official sources, regarding tho situation in the South. The latest is the report of General Gordon Granger to the President. General Granger is an experienced military officer; he has done more than ordinary ser- vice in the Union cause, and his representations are thereforo entitled to the candid considera- tion of all parties, Hig statement that the present irritation on the part of ® portion of the people in the South is occa sioned by the want of a prompt recognition by Congress is confirmed by ample testimony from other sources, But General Granger might have gone further, and repre- sented the state of feeling in some parts of the Sonth not at all akin to irritation, He might have referred to the dogged indifference of many prominent pedple in the Southern coun- try, who say:—"We submit, We are over whelmed. We are like men confined in the hold of a vessel upon dangerous shoals in a tempest. You ask us to lend a helping hand te save the craft from shipwreck. We can’t do it; but give us chance—representation in Congress—and you willsee what we will do to right the ship.” General Granger’s report is very copious, and covers many points not hitherto brought before the public. It there- fore should be universally read and carefully pondered. The Late Developments in the Police System. We publish in another column a communica- tion from the Police Commissioners with refer- ence to the recent curious developments in the detective system arising out of certain arrests, investigations, charges and exposures, which have become the subject of public comment. The detective system, it must be understood, is rather complicated. There are two bodies of detectives, One isemployed by the federal government and the duty of its members is chiefly to look after frauds in the internal rev- enue law—to detect cheating in the distilleries, to watch and bring to justice counterfeiters of the national currency, and other offenders against the laws of the general government, including violations of the neutrality laws where vessels are suspected of being fitted out for hostile operations against a power with which this country is at peace, and so forth. This branch of the detective force is under the control of United States Marshal Murray, The other branch compcises the State detectives, and is a part of the Metropolitan police, under the charge of John A. Kennedy, The federal detective torce was established during the war, under the direction of Mr. Stanton, for various purposes, the principal of which had reference to bouniy jumping and other frauds of a like character, which were numerous and had to be looked after. The immediate occupation of the State detectives under Mr. Kennedy was with the byrgiars and tle bank and bond robbers, who, as we know very well, have been plying their trade in this city pretty extensively and keeping the police very busy, We are indebted tor the late revelations in the police system to the jealousy existing be- tween the United States detectives and the Me- tropoli‘an police detectives. It appears that one of tuese bodies—who number about twenty or thirty each—undertook to prove that the other was in connivance with the thieves and burglars, and thus the public has been put in possession of some interesting disclosures, which may probably lead to 9 purification of the detective system. If so it will be a great public blessing. There is nothing new in this, For the last forty years there have been rings within the police in which thieves and stool pigeons were employed as agents. It is difficult indeed to conceive how a perfect. police system can be carried on witnout snch agencies. it is the pract.ce all over the world; but it is liable to such terrible sbuses that it is questionable whether the remedy is not worse than the dis- ease; and that is just the point to which the recent police exposures have brought us. The first ring of this kind in our community was established nearly forty years ago. <A detec- tive firm, composed of Mesars. Homer, Merritt and Sparks—all smart men—had such a ring in perfect operation. They ferreted out notorious burglars with marvellous sagacity, and for a time were regarded as impeccable. conserva- tors of publio property and the terror of evil doers, But by and by it was discovered that they were in league with the thieves, an ex- plosion took place, aud the detective firm ex- ploded with it. There was a lull for some years in the life of these detective rings; but the most famous of all of them was developed at @ later period by One-eyed Thompson and his associates. There are many who atili re- member tho circumstances connected with that affair, how the gang inveigled men who were known to have some property into their meshes, and how they victimized a few, like Drury, to protect themselves, and threatened others with prosecution and the State Prison until they drained them of their substance; how they attempted black mailing, through the medium of libel suits, when the!r infamous game was broken up, and how some of these police de- tectives fled the city and remained away for many years, and the unfortunate of the gang, Thompson, committed suicide by taking poison, which he always carried about him. All tnese things are still fresh in the memory of many, who doubtless have not for- gotten that it was in a great measure, if not wholly, due to this journal that the operations of these people were brought to light. The One-eyed Thompson ring was the second scheme of this kind on a large scale practised for encouraging crime and making money out of it that the Heratp exposed. Since then there has been nothing of such gigantic pro- portions in this line attempted. The improve- ment in our police system has rendered such opportunities of collusion more rare. Still every police system is liable to corruption. An attempt to establish u new ring, we believe, was made about the time when the municipal police were changed for the present Metropoli- tan force; but George Matsell, who was then Chief of Police, was too honest a man to enter into any arrangement of that kind. It was not, therefore, because of any such collusion that the change took place, but because the public feared that Fernando Wood would use his power to form. « worse ring in the police than any that existed in the Corpora- tion, The present police force is unquestion- ably an improvement upon that of former times ; but improvement is the general rule as we advance in civilization. That there are still abuses in the ayetem is not more than can be expected when we conalder that the Police Commissioners are really overtaxed with duties, They not only have their own large force to take care of and keep im good order, which we shoul@ suppose would tax their capacity pretty heavily, bat they must look after the eight thousand grogshope and attend to the public health besides, The wonder is that, under these circumstances, the Commis- sioners are able to do as much as they have done. In the article to which theiz communica- tion refers there may be some phrases to which they can take exception; but we have no de- sire to assail the reputation of the Police Com- missioners. That they are overburdened with work is evident, and that they ought to be re- lieved from many of the duties imposed upon them we think admits of no doubt, If cannot accomplish the labora which ought to be distributed between three separate boards it fs hardly thoir fealt, and their errors may therefore be nardoned. But we hone thet the two branches of the detective forces will par sue their present course of exposing the weal ness of each. The more information we get upon that subject the better. The Police Com missioners, meantime, may find documents im our office which may enable them to read maf tera in « clearer light than is yet vouchsafed to them, and they are perfectly welcome to see them, if they cin accomplish any good by it. The New Map of Europe—More Momenteus Settlements Approaching. The reconstruction ef Central Europe is now a fixed fact, and we are enabled this morning, five days after the signing of the treaty of peace at Prague, to lay before our readers a - diagram sbowing the changes which have beem 80 magically wrought in Germany and Italy by the war between Austria and Prussia and Italy. It will be seen by a glance at this map how extensive in area are ia new dependencies which Prussia has added to herself, while the comparative statement, which we also publish, will show the great importance in population ofthe conquered provinces, Tho States wig have been seized as the spyas of the war comprise an area of Oya 42,000 squame miles, and possess & pédpulation of over 7,000,006 of people. The new kingdom wit ; now possess an area of 151,351 square nfidas’ and a population of 26,476,523 souls. Equally important are the additions to Italy, the acces sion of Venetia making her the sixth Powerds Europe as regards population. The reconstruction of Central Europe aceom- plished, now comes the work of rearranging the whole continent. In the past changes oulg the voice of Prussia has been heard in dicta- tion; now enters upon the scene the great powers of Russia and France and Austria. England’s voice is weak in continental offsize Saddied with the debt of the wara of the Holy Alliance, she is no longer a great Power and wields little influence in the congresses of the continent, The settlements now to come be- tween the great Powers are of a more momen- tous character and it will require even greater atatesmanship, perhaps greater generalship, to decide them than it did for those already eet tled. : Borter on Taz Wak Pata.—It appears from General Butler's receit speech that he wants mote fighting. This is quite natural ; for es” Butler did no fighting during the last war, being “bottled up” by the rebels, he wacts another chance to distinguish himself, Bat be ought to understand that the Amcrican people have had enough of civil war for centuries te come, Tos Pseswent’s Trirp—Tuz New Youn Banquet—gz Fatt Campaicn—The Presi- dent’s trip—the first day’s journey of which will be this day from Washington to Philadel- phis—is a projected excursion, which, to the ‘Chioago Douglas Monument inauguration aad ‘back, will, as arranged, occupy at least a fort night, and may probably be extended to three weeke, Whether Mr. Johnson proposes to make it a regular stumping campaign from point to point. against the radicals and their at- tacks upon his administration, his measures and his motives, will most likely depend very much upon the radicals themselves, He is an experienced, ready and popular speech- maker, we all know, and one of that rare clasp of natural orators who can speak their minds treely without blundering. We presume thad he will et least make something like a regulag speech at the banquct which is to be gives /| him at Delmonico’s on Wednesday (to-mor row) evening. This banquet will be » grand affair, ten thousand dollars having been est apart for this purpose from a Johnson fund of fifty thousand dollars, subscribed by one hum dred of our most influential citizens, the con- tribution of each being five hundred dollars, The forty thousand dollars, more or less, re- maining of this fund, after the payment of the expenses of the supper, will be devoted to the incidental expenses of the fall campaign against the radicals here and elsewhere. In this connection we are gratified to leara that an adjourned meeting of the delegates from the city and county of New York to the late National Union Convention at Philadel- phia will be held this evening at the Maison Dorée, to make arrangements for a grand mass meeting to be held at Union square, on er before the 17th of September, to ratify the action of said National Union Convention, ‘Thus the campaign for the next Congress by the Johnson Union elements against the present radical Congress promises to be energetic,’ harmonious and successful—the inauguration, in fdct, of @ great political revolution, Gotp Comine axp Gorvc.—Within the last few days there have been two shipments of specie from England to this country, one of half « million dollars by the Allemannia, and upwards of half a millon by the Scotia. While this is coming in we notice that three quarters of a million is going out. The shipment of gold to us created o good deal of speculation as to the cause, and now the exportation of gold at the same time may appear puzzling to superticial observers, The fact is these are only spasmodic transac- tions resulting from speculation or balances of trade between certain houses or firms, which are mere ripples on the surface of the’great current of commerce. But in a short time such an apparent incongruity as the shipment of gold both ways at the same time will not take place. As soon as telegraphic communication between Europe and America settles down to @ regular system exchange and the balances of trade will be regulated through that me- Py dium. Indeed, all important business will be transacted by and through the Atlantic cable or cables. There will be lens necessity for the transportation of specie as telegraphing comes into use, A few grest centres of com merce will have most of the specie deposited with them, and the fact of such deposits being there, subject to be drawn upon, will, in many cases, answer the purposes of commerce and obviate the necessity of removing specie, The Atlantic telegraph is going to produce a grea revolution in this respect, ae in many others; bat we must wait « little while till ite opere- tions become systematized. Gewenat, Borian’s Rermsmert rrou Pow nics.—In bid recent addrese at Gloucester, Massachusetts, General Butler said that he wae opposed to men “who wished to settle a was they did not fight,” and that “it is the mem who did the fighting who have the only right to do the settling.” From this we infer that Bethel Fisher Butler, who certainly did fighting, is about to withdrew retire to Lowell, gud.teasa athare to settle natignel adaire,