The New York Herald Newspaper, May 3, 1866, Page 4

4a a a EUROPE. Our Madrid, Vienna, Berlin, Paris and St. Petersburg Correspondence. TheSpanish-American War and Its Influencing Causes. Cash to be Taken fromChile and Peru for the Rlcovery of Gibraitar, Diplomacy and Action of Spain Towards That End. Seeretary Seward Said to Sympathize with the Spaniards Against the Republics, The Great Powers on the Ger- man Question. Austria Confident She Can Finish Prus- Sia and Attend to Italy. The Material Interests of Russia Against Her Family Al- ance with Prussia. STATECRAFT AND SCANDAL IN FRANCE, &e, ke. &e. SPAIN. Kelationg With the United St»fes on Spanish-Ameritan W. OUR MADRID CORRESPONDENC Maveip, April 13, 1866, The New Manifestation of Affection of Spain for the United Statep—The M del Government of tie World in North America—Hoppiness of the Spaniards—What Has Occurred, de. The en'en'e eordiale between Spain and the Dnited States seems to be established on a wonderfully firm Dasis, There was never such a country in the world as the United States. Its policy is statesmanlike, generous, noble and almost heavenly. ‘The Hidalgos cannot find langua:6 sufficiently lofty aud expressive to convey their sense of the posinion now gecupted by our country in relation to arwtts and especially to Spain; and when a Spaniard fails to find adjectives to express his feelings something grand has overcome him. The country ts held up by officials asa pattern in every respect, and it’ is turned over and exhibited in every light, only to call out fresh eulogies and pra ses. The contrast betweon it and olber mations is sharply pointed out, anda quiet suggestion that such “nations might go and do likewise” is offered to alt. “Now, it has become quite an interesting question in . t Madrid, among outsiders, as to what all this signifies. Certainly there has been some intel!l- gence of an assui character to create all ths p and love. Has Mr. Seward ch to the Minister of Foreign moral aid and comfort in her affairs with the re; of this nature must have been received here to call out all these affectionate protestations and revive the war feoling in the capital. Cortainly the smell of gunpowder is stronger than 1t has been for some time past. Whether iL ig tho Smoke wader which a retreat is to be effected T Cannot pretend to say, but think not, Again, what as- surance or promises have tho Cuited States given = pain that should wuke Ler so beilicose and grateful? Itis Doldiy asserted here by those who know that the Span'sh government has received the most satisfactory proof of the sympathy of the United States i its quariel with Chile and Peru. Atall events they are highly delighted with everytising, and propose to invite the officers of the United States squadron to visit Madrid as soon as the ships come into Spanish waters, and entertain them with @ Magn Aceut banquet in the royal palace—so it is said, in the royal palace—as a special mark of friew gard. I know positively that a banquet ir I hear from good av to be lu the palace Tam on the spot, bat 1 cannot fathom all this. Perhaps ou at home gap give the tre exp 1. As to the nqtiet, Tae ee ANink that ti plane orough’ will him to « might be arra JOwever, we The Diario still character ze@ Covadonga asa pirati al act on tue ‘What will it call the capture of a frigay same article, which wes eniled ont in tep tion in the Frese of Vari the Spanien is without le uurst of passion and nations hope to improve their fnane Chile, av they did trom Mc most of the statements fal acter is too high, too of Admiral Goid-. honor, although it rm cept th » of the Chileans, mations, but it mover wa wooure from «tile i a! Jhave receid Bofors tittle, wo will part with our tast res!, giv ship aod sacriles our last soldier, All tik and war to the knice, as the Diario speaks 0 Why Spain Undertook Her Transationtt Wars OUR MADRID CORMESPONDENCR. Manni, Apel 17, 1860, vse of the Spantsh-Chilean We es Sener Salacar—Gibraitar to be Regainced—Pervvian Af. Sairs—Avarice the Motive of the Trnubler—Condiion of irs in Madrid Relating to the War—The Numancia to Destroy the Peruvian Iron-clads— Necessity of @ £ sal Treaty Between the United States and Spain, & Among the subjects of which men are sometimes wil Hing to confess their ignorance, that relating to the trac causes and motives that produce wars between the na- tions of the world is certainly one. We are able to recite tho alleged pretext that impel one nation to drew the Sword against another, and let looge al! the evils that (ok low the act. ‘The pretext is always more or lew plaus bie, Ht was perecoal ambition and a desire to tocroase his country’s glory that led Napoleon, the nephew, to enter Anto the Crimesn war, se Mexican expedition, which amay yet result in war, undertakem from the same cause, Indeed, everything yet underiakem by the pro- gent Emperor has been impelled by the hope of national Aggrandizement, and hidirectly porronal glory and re own, } The motives of France are comparatively tandable, or Pt all events perhaps excusable, because thoy were not Hirectly mercenary, Spain, un fortunately, cannot elaiin Sho same excuse for her recent efforts to break the peace of tho world, Somehow or other, it looks as though she @rore fighting nowadays for money alone. At all events, whe succeeds in gotting into a war just as the stare of her Pnances becomes threatening, and she bas come out of fwo of her late affairs with a replenished treasury. The Morocco war made her a great deal of money. Th Arabs Ve not yot ceased paying her indemnity for the ex penses of a war undertaken for the sole purpose of ob Baining money. The St Domingo expedition was sent ont for the simple object of adding terriiory to the na- Jion, or, what was better, to get the cash that would be pod If the territory once captured should be relinquished nd given up, It unfortunately failed, after costing the fives of ton thousand soldiers and twenty million dollars fn money, The Peruvian affair resulted better. That Hrovght twenty million dollars to the depleted spanish @roasury, and a promise to pay much more. As that Madertaking ts a part of @ general plan which lias in- ee Chile and the other South American republics in Present war, its deserving of @ somewhat detailed Pocount, which I give frow information I believe to be of a reliahio character, Tt is @ woll known fact that Spain has suffered the loss hor possessions from tyme to time with a considerable ©) “qnanimity and philosophy, no by One sagerting and makijig good their nes of jes of South America? Some assurance” NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, MAY 3, 1866.—TRIPLE SHEET. out a serious straggle, From being 9 leading gation in tue world, taking the advance and malntalning her [%3i- tion by the valor of her arms and the wisdom of her statesmen, sg bas fallen behind, and has been oatstrip. ped in the world’s progress by half a dozen nations, while she still continues her retrograde movement, She has endured all this with a proud contempt for the ill fortunes that have wrought the change. Whether this indifference arises from the accepted doctrines of a grand philosophy, or from a blunted sense of her true position, I need not say. But that it does seem to exist | ho one can deny, The nation seems to regard itself as | grand, powerful and magnificent, as in those olden daya when the Spanish tlag dommated over the globe. If some or nearly all of its possessions have been torn from it the sense of power has not been affected. It has forgotten or forgiven the losses, except in ono case, and that is treasnred up and remembered by ail. The | joss of Gibraltar is as keenly felt to-day as it was when it frst passed under the Knglish flag; and the desire to | regain it and thereby remove that litle bit of foreign sovereignty from the Peninsula is universal and all ab- | sorbing, She can never forget that the stronghold once Velonged to her, and she stilt belicves that it will, by some means or other and at some future time again become her property. Several large shelves in the War Oilice here ure laden with plans and projects to retake the place. ‘They are of every character and design—some tolerably feasible, others, the majority, as wild as the brain of man could devise, Certainly none bave been successful in execution ag yet, ‘Though the great pro- portion of these plans were submitted during the ¢ ence of war between Spain and England, somo are of more recent date, based upon the improvements in arms ‘and projectiles of the past twenty years. Chey are all carefully filed away for future use if needed. " Among persons who have given their thoughts to the subject of regaining Gibraltar is Senor Salazar, now a member of the House of Deputi but who has beon prominent in other positions during the past ten years, During his former connection with the govern- | ment his specialty was the navy. Ho desired to in- crease thet arm of the natonal service to the utinost, Everything else was to be subordinated thereto, Spain should have a navy equal toany in the world, with which she could accomplish the dreain of the nation. The real object of this increase of the navy was not generally kuown outside the government, which lent a r-ady ear to Senor Salazar's ‘he '§ and attempted to carry them } out, Strange as it may seem, the object of this vast ex- penditure was tho recapture of Gibraltar, With that 4 powerful fleet, then to be built, the great strong- old could be wrenched from foreign haods and placed again under rightful ownership, Tho ng and plausible, and its develop: for some time ‘satisfactorily, until ‘ay discovered that to create a great navy re- | quired fonds. These uu‘ortunately gave out before the undertaking had be-n half completed. But before this, 20 ganguine of success were the government, that they commenced the erection of immense co-operative bat- teries on their side of the neutral ground, near Gibraltar, ‘These they were to arm with powerful riled guns, and I am not sore that some were not placed in position. This warlike demonstration naturally created great excite- ment and no small degree of uneasiness amony the Eng- lish, Remonstrances were immediately made by the British government to the Spanish against this act, They alleged that with the rifled guns now in uso the Spaniards could shel: Gibraltar, and that it was in viola- | tion of the treaty to erect batteries within gunshot of the town. The Spaniards asserted that the treaty excluded them from building works on the neutral ground, and that 1t was not. their fault that the treaty did not con- template the contingency of the increased range of im- ‘ Fe nthe future, and by its terms enlarge the raved gune 22 Ut Te Baslish felt disposed to mount neutral grout". MC." aug yyontd they entertain a heavy long Trango riuew ,, I ee ay “4 remvnstrance from the Spanish that we guas Sv. reach their side of the neutral territory? They claimed a perfect right to put up works on their own ground, even if their guns could batter down the town of Gibral- tar and clar the harbor of a fleet. ‘The argument was clearly against John Bull, and he appealed informally to Napoleon as arbiter, ‘The Empe- ror decided that (he Spanish wero in the right, and could erect batteries without violating the treaty. ‘ihe spanish then went on with their works, but finally suspended thom, when the Eng ish threatened to open fire if they continued what they regarded a warlike procedure, ‘There is no doubt that in a very short time the isk could put up such works thore ax would be impreg- nable, and, if well armed, could make the town and bar- bor of Gibraliar untenable. ‘The fleet not being large enough and the batterle difficult to construct, the Project of taking the rock was given up, Another scheme was then devised by Senor Salazar, and the good oifices of Napoleon were engaged to furthor it, Those wore not difficult to obtain, because France has nearly as great an interest, and indeed more than in socing Gibraliar pass trom English bands to its Origival possessora, Napvleon wants the key of the Mediterrancan in other bauds, 1f possible; and he would do anything to see a change effected, The Empress bas @ national and personal feeling in Che matter. She is @ Spuniard, aud feels the loss of Gibraltar to spain quite as . Her heart is in every movement oa repossession by her fatherland of the im- portant point, Senor Falazar bad several interviews with th Freneh Emporor at Diarritz, in the capacity of confidential envoy, aud it was finally determined that an cliort should be made to purchase the fortress from Eng- land, But bow to get the momey was the question, spain d.d not vave the amount in hor coffers, nor could she borrow it, What was to be done in this couiingency? Anotier bright idea struck Senor Salacar, which he explained to the Spanish government, and received sta hearty approval, and . alazar was authorized to that purpose Le was sent to Peru as yecigh envoy to settle eome claims Spain had against trepabie, What the ostorous nature of tho 13 was tho public is alrealy aware from that gentle- ‘sfamous Ultinatum, ‘They were so absurb, unjust and unfounded that Piru rofdsed to acknowledge or iquidace tuem, | This was the opportunity for Sain, Tue Spanish Admiral, who had beep sent around the world Oi any iuuocent voyage, “happened” tu be iu tie Va‘ tic with a considerable fores just then, really, of 1c, t0 support the envoy, now began to pinay a rile bh overy one remembers As an indemuity for the ‘d wrongs and ouira.es cominitted by Pera, under wllous 0. Saiwzar, he boldiy seized the Chiucha ds, aud Wo k possoseion of their untold wealtu of 0 | o sooner was this A¢*émplished than an informal negotiation was epened wita Eugiaud for 01 Gibraliar, Spam o Ch wel land if she would up the roe (8 proposal the they intinaed that any fart ropowitions f iar would bo useless aud dis.as ar disapp iuted in the suc- nif bee wand faded tn the ma n twa ‘ave of gain Was Senur Sal lis pot rehome; eruvian’ tu prop ted in dollars 2 1 cents, v nD Spain, But just ac wee ina sud condit tuan wonled glory Rano. She yecause she cold tnd no one Invest With SUSpieon to have the ty tuned Ingo me es aud the cont of the Lunily ngreed upon unvunt to Span—e. aad the ised to pay a late forgot tho ordiaary of oo aud (he evil day oF tnsolveney Ww Natioaal honor was sind:caed, werg completely re. ‘ 4 of suil urthor Aompaanes Wi Bad once oF bic Wikk- | Last DeLwane the por rod ve ying wig Wer youth Vac ifie © vie over the news of their bri aut operations a at rubbed thet cheeriul as puch jetly tim ey fallen upon that ge would bay believed that (oe word was Ready to lay olleringe At te vietorie * order to 8 more powerful Mud telh.g exbioLon pain, and the Spanish Admira: was fully & quare 4, ward offspring that Chile would dave to re by arma They thonght she {rom sheer fear of anniuiinson & who suggested the coutray. We bareless pretexts the Spanish Ad how be domauds bee onde! weduee the bileans The whol history is out . wat a crazy one Spain had po legaimare cause for peace, this Ou rageous policy, that » her disadvemae As the is 5 Het bovor 9 ve t wo ber honor and pride m that she oogit t cip.tated bersett in the not anjue (hat she wil thas succeed tn fished and pride untuuaburd, believe toxduy. They now see Uh they were guilty of well out of ‘he rewol come directly from ins grand rehem tar. The vrigipal otfect las paswed fro secondary ends are wufortanately too 5 agreenbie contempiaticn. Senor Selarar with the conception of a scheme ti Tesults, will not soon cease to be f It At ali events, supply a lesson that Will not he hoxt, be, hoped, People of ibis cuumtry oF upu w at 7 has seen her The people are on the tiptoe of expectatinn for the BExt Hews irom the Pacitir. Tory are deeply anxious And OMoasy in regard fo the row Ito the tmp eediae cou Nuwanta aud ber Quavth ead Wwe) | Bolivia bas united her fortunes wth the altics, j Li Hered wa the qyent of allied fleet. The daily papers are busy enough in prov- ing that it is quile out of the question that any other than a highly favorable result must .avor tho Spanish arms. They aro #0 exceedingly zealous in arguing the eation that most people Lo expeot news of a di They cannot forget O’Donn tl’'s celebrated cam. jn in Borocco, When nothing but defeats awaited his forces, tcush victories Were announced with regularity and precision Or aeisil. They take official reports with a very large grain of salt, aud trust Lo the accounis of the other side before they give in their adtesion, The more 1 converse with reflecting gentiomen the greater I find the existence of a deep pervading sense of auxicty and alarm concerning th? result of the senseless opera~ tions they have undertaken in the far off Pacific. They es an und and vague feeling of dread for tho ture. ‘They never counted upon the probability of war, and are surprised and not a little alarmed to find one on their hands, the opposing element growing and strengtiening almost daily. Peru first joined (hile in vindicating cer- tain rights Which Spain had attempted to violate. This mielligence was a damper on war enthusiasm. | Then Ecuador came into the league, and now they jantn., tomes 1 of this is not calculated to restore confidence. As the pro- portions Of the War assume a greater magnitude, in that degree docs hops desceud the scale here. Until now, among the retlveting, practical men, there seems to be bat one hope expressed, and that is, that some meihod will be found to enable Spaia to withdraw from a contest in which as criminally plunged by a few hot-head- ed perverted leaders in Madrid. ‘the liberals are opposed to tue war, but as they absiain from taking any part in the goverument their influence is not felt. They have universally dechned to permit their names to go be oro the peoplc as members of the House of Deputies, because if they attempt or are able to conduct the government the Queen will not permit them to have control. They are sauistied since the Prim movement that their policy does not tie in revolution, and as they can have no power otherwiso they abstain from taking any part in the conduct of affairs, If they were in power now, or care Tee in the Cortes, the war would soon come an end. And I am pretty sore that if the Spanish fleet suffers a severe revers: in the Pac lic, such a storm of indignation would arise that the O'Donnell government would fall, and the throne itself would pot escape without a terrible shaking. This event would doubtless bring the liberals into power again, though, if the Queen still reigned, greatly a.ainst her Wishes, be. cause the liberals will not agr-e to promise to perpetiate her dynasty, It 1s thought that the next mail will beng definite accounts of the result of the impending siruggle. If the Spanish are succoss!at the war may be protracted for some tme to como; if defeated the end is nigh. Oue of the scientific journals of Madnd has justepub- lished an article in whieb the writer examines in detail the capabilities for offence and defence of the H sescar and Tudependencia, Peruvian irou-clads, now on their way to the scene of war. He seems to have succeeded in saite- fying himself that the Numancoa ts able to cope with both and bring them to grief, This consoling view of the matter is reached after a long argument, in which the Peravians are regarded ag third or fourtu’ rate fellows, whils their new ships amount to very little, Notwith- standing the cheerful conclusions of the theoretical gea- tleman, general belief goes with the opivion of all who have seen the ships that they are unquestionably formid« able vessels, and are likely, af well managed, to ad- minister a coup de grace to the entire Spanish Pacitic squadron, At ‘all overs, everybody i¥ uneasy about them, and offers up prayers’ for their destruction by the ele: ments betore the qiestion of superiority is brought to a trial, Up to the last accounts they were going ahead finely. ‘They had b-baved well, were speedy and in good fighting trim. If they survive the voyag:, believe me they will give good accounts of themselves,’ An en- gagement between them and the Numancia will bea novelty in naval warfare, as it will be the tirst sea fight between sea-gong iron-clads. The Peruy,ap® are well manned, itis said, by » “mixed” crew, composed of ‘nz men of all nations, and it is believed that they will do w he Date eatin ee me It ts t0 be hopou sw... sae ras ned wns General will present some measures to enable (ue State Department to effect @ postal treaty with Spain. Nothing is moro neces-ary than such an agreement as will euabie people to mail letters to and from tu ted States and Spata, and be certain of their prompt and certain trans- miss.on, at a lower rate than now ¢! rs from tho United States, prepaid fully, must be again in Spain, at {ull rates. This swindle is a trifle too heavy to at this end of the route. I do not know wi © the postmasters collect full postage in the United States on letters paid here, but presume they do, a8 there 15 no way of collecting a pro rata share {rom Span. All this 18 entirely wrong and should be at once remedied Tho Spavish government is ready and willing to enter into a treaty with the United States to promote the trans- nu of mails, It is not only willing, but anxious, and ready to closo the affair at once and put the in force, subject be n presented to our government, but nothing seems to come of it, The mat- ter is inthe hands of Postmaster General Dennison, and if he will give it an hour's tuought the whole thing can bs at once arranged, Reform is loudiy demanded, aud when it ts so easy and advantageous to grant it, it is hoped the request will be ace ded to, Will Governor Denpi: givethe subject an attentive Consideration and thereby conler a great boow upon American citizens in Spain ? ‘The project of an An,lo-Spanish National Bank is thought to be on its list legs, Every prov poriant town in Spain has protested ae ‘he K ngdom will not get the loan, Ave by stag: ger on ior a time longer, its promis'# to pay decreasing im value daily, What is to be the end ender the present Condition of finances no one kuows, but it is thought that the uation will become entirely .nsolvent. ‘Tho weather bas eréatly improved. It is quite warm and pleasant, ‘The trees are being rapidly covered with foliage, and we aro enterang on the tuest s ason of the yeur in Madrid. ‘The heaith of the ctiy 18 wuexception- fae, although an early visit of the chowra is apprehend- every nerve to acq’ rein cs which is to ana wh vi unite and by comman of that. " Austria does not reckon upon French how- ever, to judve from the tone of her as she consid- ers herseli quite able to cope with and I trom None there but the They - have no material to oppose to our Hungarian dash Austrian tevacity. On the defensive we are safe, Before they can drive us out of the Quadrilateral we will have finished the Prussians and cu then tura our whole at- tention to Italy.”? Mcetings have been held in various towns of Prussia in favor of peace, and petitions numerously signed have boon presented to the King to that effect, His Majesty, however, refused to receive that from the Berlin Ex- change, a3 an example once forall, considering their con- duct as‘an infringement upon the prerogatives of the Crown, inasmuch as the King must know best whether war ought to be declared or not. It is, however, always in the power of Pruss'a to prevent war be? withdrawing her claims to the duchies, In this absorbing question of war Mexican affairs are forgot ten, No ono speaks of Max or his fate, and I think no one would be surprised if he should make his appearance in Vienna in a short time. There never was much interest manifested in this Emperor of Mexico business in this city, to which I can testity, and the voice of the press was, at his departure, strongly. opposed to his acceptance of the crown, in which view the Imperial family is understood to join, His palace Miramar has, Tam toformed, been kept in full re- pair, and is ready to receive at ay time its august owner, where he may, in company with his fellow suf- ferers—-Olto of Greece, Franz of Naples, Cousa of Ser- via, &c.—philosophizo upon the mutability of human greatness. The latter nage was raised, French influ. ence, from the position of colonel in the Servian army to the Fervian throne, After several years of misgov- ernwent and corruption bis carecr wags put an end to by a conspiracy of some of bis ‘officers, who, enfering ihe palace at night, compelled him to siv'n his abd cation, and ban.shed him from the country, He is said to have amaseed a large fortune during his short reign, and is now building a palace in Paris, where he will reside, as T learn by telegraph to-day. Prince Carl Hohenzollern, of Prosela, has been elected, Prince of Servia. Tiere have been bloody collisions between the people and mill- tary at Bucharest. Moldavia refuses to governed as heretofore by a Scrvian prince, and demands a sepa- rate government for 1ls-lf, Here we have the reverse of the Selileswig-Holstein affair. The two northern duchies will not be separated; the two southern princi- ey wif not be united. Russia is concentrating large bodies of troops upon the frontiers of the Danubian principalities, and an unexpected solution of that ques- Vion may some fine morning be fuund without referring to tho wants of the Soryians or the Moldavians. it bo that Prussia, *y intriguing a Prussian prince upon the Ser\ tan thror,e, intends ceding these provinces to Russia as the pri¢e of ‘her friendship in the Holstein question? Has sho guaranteed Venice iid | e tors RM"G2 Erance, for trig adtiye or passive support? ewer DE tuOBe WO Musil It. Vieuna does not look gloomy !0 spite of the dangers that Uireaten the State, ‘The weathe. is fine, the Prater and parks aro filled with promenaders, gencerts and theatres are well attended, and the evidenccs of Wealth and happiness abound everywhere. Nothing ix, how: exer, more deceptive, The Viennese love life and jeasire, *8d arp prone to live far beyond their means, he Caen ie a 18 8Géf in the number of suicides the accounts of which daily Hl our newspapers. A tragedy of unparalicled horror has lately mn enacted Francis Tuvora, well known here as the originator of pleasure excursivns to various cities, lately organized a party for Jerusalem. A fixed sum was paid Tuvora by oach travetler, which was to cover all oxpenses there and back. Having got the party to Jerusatem, Tuvora found bimeelf, im consequence of the unfortunate result of some epeculations on ‘Change, unable to pay their ex- penses back here, and to meet obligations, Not as usual in the morning, his residence, after some delay, was brokep open and a ghastly sight pro- wented itself, Tuvora, his wife, his daughter, aged nine- teen, and two younger sons, were ound lying and sit- ting at and about the table, where they had taken supper the previous evening, ail stone dead, “He had adminis. Ital, tered them nin the beer. A note was found signed by one of the boys, but the body of it was in Tuy. handwriting, statin that unable to- endure their fath« disgrace, they had voluntar tan end to their lives, pa, Fe eC oh respectively seven and cight; Fofuacd tod@fiak the bosr, and wore saved.” The general impression is that the family have been folly murdered, and did not voluntarily consevt to cie with him. Thou- sands of tollowed the fam ly to thoir graves. Afurther deplorable effect of this occurred yesterday in the suicide, by shooting, ofa young cadet of the nfantry regiment, Baron Rossbach, He was en- y thas | gaged to Tavoras daughter, and since her d deen suffering under great depression of spirits, In a | faroweil letter to hs comrades he states that he cannot live without bis Louisa, to whom he has his faith, and goes to join his apirit with hers, form of velfdestracion ts practised. The prin cyussd, \ 1e mie Soiree Certemen et etapa rt ed by some, No indications o: it ure apparent as yet ta | disordered floances, The Vie: st Spain. io GtFmany, ip too many cases prefer death to the ® . ofort of practising the severe virtues of self-denial and GERMANY. ¢ LAfriexin: ba boon produced Sere with The Situation in Austria, OCB VIENN& CORKZSPONDENCE, Vienna, April 18, 1868. Teeling with Regard to the Prussian War Posit Miplo mary of he Dificulty—Inlercst of Autlrta in the F tore OF bie Duchics—Kefer-nce to the Federak Bund—Hildary Confdnce of Austria—Mazimitian Almot Forgo'ien~ His Provable Future Company—Cily Gayctie—The Turrva Murder and its Consequences, “Tf war breaks out with Prussia we shall be In Borlin in one week and in the Gaselte the nost,” said a leading Austrian military authority iw 18) when a collision be- tween the two Powers seemed more tmminent than at present, Bat war was averted by Ube dismissal of the Prossian Minister and the withdrawal of the demands made ty him, That the present quarrel about tehles- wig-It will terminate in w similar retreat on the part of Prussia there is reason to assume so long asa bats!e has mot been fought, The Cuimese method of frightening your enemy seoins a favorite one in Berlin; wtitaf rattiing of enbres and general mititary tramy es have no effect, it is interesting to observe the gradations by which these deraonstrations are toned? down an ed away until a tar opportunity ar- tives for gracefully subsiding. The course of Proseia in 1859 warrants these remarks, She has now mobilized € her ar 4a the pretence of fearing an sitack by Aus tria, and has distinctly refused to resuine « peace footing until Austria shall have withdrawn her troops fram Bo- ela. a—treops sent thore for dim arposes, as the entire prews asserts, than of any t y to Prussia, Upto this timo the diptom spondenes between the bwe Powers has been cot «l to the one topic of mobilizing their troops, each a the other of ine a ® remarkable fact that this boon characttrited by a total absence vor to the only subject in dispate— correspondence bi of any allosion what wiely, Whether Prussia intevds to annex the two duchies, Schleswig nnd Holstein, with or without the cousent of Austeia ur the German Bund at Frankfort, Whoa tho two Powers commenced the war against Denmark their ostecsible purpose war to aanex Hol *tcin—which was a declared German provinco—to the German confederation of Stes. Having gone some- what farther, and taken Schleswig, which is pot German, they made tho happy discovery that in this manner there was jos a province # piece, and thegefore, instead of moking them part of the confederatfon, they agreed to govera them tn the Ine terina thy ugh thelr representat.ves, Austria taking un. ne the duchy of Holsiem, nnd Prussia that ¢ But the harbor ef Kiet, ome of the finest id, is #ituated 1n Holstein, aid Prassin desires t for her foture navy, Ac Negotiations are, >. opened with Austria for her part of the epolls: bing intogrity declares hor futontion of’ out- ing out the ort ival plaw ay? har 44° Holstein to He Bau, to 68 Hs in the It of Gersnan Open’ eproie taking this couteo, Austria Is making a bid larity, at (he expense of Pruasa, it is cture, for, a it merely the facta, We can do Wilvout the motives how, To be sure, the { ot Frank ort was, ia the commencement of « loftily ignored by Austria as by Pruasia, , With his Faxon subject + of the Bund, having marcucd to the was alvo ignored by ihe ailiex, and, Leaving . home egoin, Titus the Bun the allies having determined to sete i's estonia k of pate ot Hi y aly bo aot wad, ond give Holstein to the I + Austria's popularity i immen: koowledcow that het proceedings straightforward aud conesten, Ibo Bi heoer at prteen!, for be ore that tr buna to complain of tho bethgerent atcity ou the Jatior to gubmit th ab beady, which, the constinvion of the Bund, every State composing sho. same i# bound to do before appeaing to. ¢ tration Of the ewer reeult looked “or je tikt Prosma wii be stu cease het preparations for wag—in eber, bound keop the pene this stop be (ak Ber refused to cuntori to th oreo wt pas wollte the Band te favor, ot Anstria, Indes |, the pot g &p 0) Prasat emies im all Quarters Where fomiy, ater —_ erities, however, do not piac® it on or the Paco senarana eos briliant but the is too ram! 1 retired from phe stage last Saturday was loaded with marks Of favor vy x ing and een of Lge the shape of bracelets, necklaces, Fauny Elisier is living im strict retirement in this Jey el with sic im it, ony. The Aspect in Prassi OUR BERLIN CoKRESPONDENC Bray, April 18, 1366, The Aurtrian Ultima'um—Pa Categorical Tone—Keply of Pricsia—Dijicult Position of Bismark—Vis ilia iim of the King—Divoontent of thy Peudad Par'y—Annezation Provtivities in Prosia, &e. The reform project which Count Bismark bas come forward with so unexpeeted!y has created a pause of astonishment, and adords the press materiais for those endless discussions in which (he German mind is too apt to “iose the name of action” but in other respects the situation remains unchanged, The Austrian despaten to Count Karolyi, in which Prussia is summoned to diseou- tinue her military preparations, and which way stated to have tLe character of an uitimatam, has been published in the Coburg Gazette, through the indiecrotion, it is hinted, of no less a person than the Duke of Suxe.Coburg himsel. It is written in a tone whieh is cer. tainly anything but conciliatory, and seems to leave the Prussian Cabinet go alternative between wor and a second Olmutz “Sinee the Cabinet of Berlin” it say# ‘persists in representing the alleged armaments of Austria as the cause of the Warlike appro- hensions that have arisen, we must really dount if the diguity that should be inseparable from the intercourse of t#o great Powers allows us to contradict this asser tion oned more im express terms We appew cont dently to the judgment of the world on euch an at- tempt © accuse Austria of aggressive imtntions If the statements contained in We note of Baron Werther wore correct, Europe must have beon jaboring under a heavy trance for the lust months, That Prussia talked loudly of effecting the annexation of the duchies by fair means or foul; that on the 28th of January a des. patch was sent to Vienna by Count Bismark which was character:zed in all the Prussion government organs as the precursor of a breach with Austria; tnnt after our declining the proposals made to us extraordina y coun. cils were held in Berlin, at which military men of high rank assisted; (hat measures were taken (o prepare for amoDdilizaton; that the Prime Minwter of )russia de- Clared war to be inevitable; that on the 10th of March he auswored the frank inquiry of your Rxcellency whether Prussia meant w tear up the engagements contracted at Gastein with @ negative which he admitied himself to be empty and worthiess (Count Bismark told Karoly: very naively that even if he had such an intention, he wae not Ukely to say so beforehand); that Prussia was negoti- ating with the court of Florence on the coutingency of a war agalnst Austria—all this must have been a mere de. Jusion, and in reality only those threatening Anctrian: columns must have existed, which, since the 13th of March—the date given by the Prussian Cabinet—are affirmed to have been marching towards+ the Prussian frontier. After this bill of indictment, Count Mensdorff reiterates the declaration that up to the present moment Austria has not undertaken any of those steps which bor military orga. nization would require for the commencement of a “great “war,”’ quotes the, friendly assurances interchanged be- tween the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia, which remove all grounds for further armaments, and looks forward in consequence to the notification which he is sorty not to fnd tn the communication of the Proseian Ambaseador—that the armaments ordered in Proesis on the g8th ult, have not been L cnggersee with, @ exchange of notes that taken place al government cannot, without inéurring @ grave respons bility, be indifferent to the continuance of the Proseian preparations, your Rxeellevey will itmme- d ately apply for satisfnotory explanations on this eub Ject to the Prime Minister of bis Prussian Majesty, with whom you will leave copy of the present despacch, ot gow us per of the result of your inter- The North German Goeet'e (Bismark's organ) remarks, in Teference to the sboy note, thay “even foreign Fowers (i, ¢ England and Russia), to whom the Cabinet ‘that document, had scon in it rey) tae LOL RR VEE LS i 1 to the fore! gonseamania, nt (2k Goermen Cons, and the pul pe somid te “which pay ans on and menace’ was to be found.” The ministerial jo paaqnenae “the the: Aus note had been oD ac. count of the tllness of the Minister Bis. 10 Wi! ‘space bringing about an Saeed Prussia Austria’ Even now, the Prcaiide of the Austrian note, of Prussia would ly not have taken prs grab not been insisted e threat, that Austria would at once extend ler armaments if hor communication did not receive reply.” In explanation of these aananed one oe interval lags She repels of inn not forwardivg of the Prussian re ihe iniluences adyarse to Count ‘Bismark—who is suite: ‘ng, some say from, ihe out, some from a been exerte ‘with eafect thatthe so mineh the positon of the Premier was seriously shaken, and he bad offered his ponignestan, P iad persuaded the King to re- een Dowager Bounce projects could not be realized without a ovvel with a Power which he has always looked up to as chief bulwark against those revolutionary ideas which he dreads more than anything else, and the sub- mission of Prussia to the Austrian demands actually been decided upon, but finally the star ot Bismark ied, aud the King, not being able to make up bis mind to igs with a counsellor who had dealt so eflectually with his refractory Legislature, and who has over him that ascendancy which an energetic churacter invariably acquires over @ weak one, consented to follow his Ministeronce more in the policy which he had chalked out, and the answer to the Austrian note was despatched accordingly to Vienna tho day be- fore yesterday (16th inst.) Its contents have not yet transpired, but it is generally believed that a ategoeieal refural has been given to the Austrian summons; the mobilization order has not been rescinded, the arma- ments of Prussia are not discontinued, and the chances of war are therefore as imminent as they were at any previous period. Notwithstanding these threatening reports, the feclng gains ground that the ullima ratio will be avoided, and that Bismark will eventu- ally succumb to the hostility which his con- duct has secored in the most opposite quarters, His lust move, the election of a Porliament by uni- vereal suffrage, has carr.ed terror and confusion into the reactionary.camp. In vain do the Krew: Zeitung and the Nuith German exhaust their logic o prove that the pur- pose is strictly conservative in its bearing; that the peo- ple en masse are devoted to monarchy and divine risbt, and that it is only the bourgeoisie whose prepondesance is founded on the system of class elections, that are in- fected with liberal or “revolutionary” ide: the feud- alists have not forgotten the year ‘48, when universal sutlrage did exist for a moment, and they remember that the abolition of that 1ight was considered the greatest and most signal triumph of the reaction of 49. Thus Bismark has only alienated his former LPrenalie without concilinting the opposition: _distruste by the conservatives, bated and feared by the liberals, he has nothing to sustain him but the power of the King, which may fail bim at any moment, and with which the whole fabric of his power will fail to the ground, But even a change of administration would not entirely remove the danger of a rupture with Austria; indeed, a popular ministry could undertake the annexa- tion of the duchies with miinitely better prospects of success than a reactionary one, as it would not only be fupported by the syanpall ie of the Prosslan nation, ‘but e soi pip: hope Ve_gun awe of ¢ se aaymney nee tmemseives, Wuo are ivr 18s averse 10 A UbiOU with Prussia per se, than to their being incorporated with _ : | sia as represented by her present government. Uberal party in this country are quite ay much alive to the advantages that would result from the acquisition of Schleswig-Holstein as Bismark himself; they differ rom him rf the Means, but not in the end, and It is just Uhat end, involving as it docs, the moral prestige and material dizoment of Prussia, that is pecu- liarly unpalaiable to the Austrians. 5 The juage of the Vieuna rs, offleial and official, continues to be as warlike as possible. The Bourse is in the utmost agitation, which was increased by tho intelligence that arrived yesterday from St. Pe- tersburg of un attempt bo the life of the Emperor of Russia, It is not stated who the assassin was, but per- sons acquainted with the state of things in Russia are rsuaded that he was instigated by the malcontent no- es who cannot forgive Alexander for emaacipating the serfs, and who are accustomed to murder a Czar how and then, just to keep their hands in. . FRANCE. Oar Paris Correspondence. Panis, April 17, 1868, The Panic on the Bourse—The Constitutionnel upon the German Crisis—The Present Mexican Programme—A French Legion (o be Formed for Mexico—-The President's Proclamation—United States Securities—The ‘Fast Wo- men” of Paris—Mdile, “Skittles"'—Ifer Apartments and her Horses—Culture of the Beet Root in the United Sales—Jake Thompson in Paris—He ‘\Accepls the Situ» ation" —The Concert for the Freedmen, de. After the tumble down of stocks at the Bourse on Friday last the French government saw the necessity of doing something to restore public confidence, and ac- cordingly a double-leaded article appeared In the Consti- tutionnel of the following morning, the object of which ‘was to reassure the people of France regarding the posi- tion which France will occupy in case of @ war in Germany. The article ig in the usual mixed, vague apd oracular style of tho eemi-official journal; but as it is the undoubted expression of the French government, and ag fi ta the best that the said goverment chooses to give us at this crisis, it is in- teresting. The article commences by protesting against the exnggernted alitim gf [a wei and declares that even had war just seemed ready to break out the panic would not have beea Justified. As France holds horself apart and is strongly opposed to any infraction of the peace of Europe, she coutd be only incidentally and generally affected by a war in Europe. Still the -article seems disposed to pre- pare people for a German war, and states that the Eim- peror’s government cannot ward off from tho French nation its share of the general effects of such a catag- trophe. However extensive, ays tho writer, may be (he influ ence which the French government bas acquired, tt does hot poseess the means of preventing war everywhere an In the affair of the duchies of tho Elbe, as in all others to which it is moi a party, it had only the right of giving advice and presenting friendly suggestions, It bas not failed to intervene tn this manner and within these limits; it had done so zealously and in good faith; it has 'récommended every means for a pacific solution, Morec Ww order to give greater weight to {te connsels, the Emperor's government assumed in the pending question an atitude of strict neutrality, which it bas maintained, It has not taken part against either Austria or Prussia, In addressing either of those Powors it has spoken solely in the name of Koropean order, of national ties, and of the universal interests which require the continuance of peace. A for. tiot, We bas never given, cither ov one side or the other, any cucouragement to ideas of war, Nothing in its atti: tude, langeage or acte has authorized eiior Austra or Prussia to dhink that it would witness the commencement of hostilii.ce with other sentiments than those which ft bas never coased to profess, in the conforenee of Loadon and elsewhere, since the question of the duchies was tiret which result in a sinecre desire not to see tht arope disturbed by that question. Thus the Eiperor's govefoment has weil served the interests of the country—test, by doing everything in ite wer to avert a war; next, by assuring to France, if war shonld anbappily prove ‘inewilable, a posidont whieh leaves ber out of the confhet. In one word, if war should burst out France would only have to euler, like ell the other neutral Powers, from the general cfiects of the struggle, and would not be exposed to the peculiar in reserve for theae Powers which should have themselves as to be compelicd to join one or other of the betligerenta. These simple observations Wijl euffice te show Unreasonable is the panic whi-h existed (wo bn de A the money market. Is the war how absolutely , the very thought of which causes so much alarm? If certain syinptoms indicate tts immi- pene are abe others of @ contrary character, and ways. gd ce Roy the con. , prove parties im presence are eensible of the Terrie Mility thal aggressor would inour? Bey nf ex. oiber quarters a most anxious derire to clearest light the reasons wisich militate y observe with what solicitude Austria ia ORd-avor to throw on each other the blame ca ha sirogte ‘Think of the ‘coudary States to prevent the ted Sa ‘a ae oat Peare emanat ng from the Dumerous meetings held on overlook the steps to assure tho Peace taken by the great Powers of gb Deutral, aro not indifterent. The is hot desperate. In auy case it 16 France, of a natare to justify the is Something unworthy of a great ing Way to terror, and Precipitating all with cries of srwre gui a crises by the soves jestinies for Aftoea past, jt is certainly very diMenit (o tell whetuer this article is intended to create alarm or to quiet it; whether it ox- Dresses tho Hon that there will be a war or that there Will not Tt is by bo means #0 certain, as the writer as ‘summon, that Fiance will be very “generally” affected by war in Furope. There a large revol party hore eager to take sdvaniage of the first opportanity. There We an immense deal of grumbling tn Paris at the fapidly augmenting and ridicw re ‘ad then the in) a rent and 0 all articles of Beceasit idea that France could avold directly or indirectly wd qnestion. Ind artic! i F yl eit i ; i i FE i : Bd Pt payment nce, which France has given at least Ler moral This she will do by taking possession of certain Mexicam is and collecting the revenue, not through Moxicam, E ut French officials appointed for the poy owe, in ance the provisions contained in the seeret treaty recently publised in the Henao. If this can be accome plished within the next eighteen mouths, then Masi- milian will be left to his fate; if not, the plan will be to bélster him up with further pecumary aid and with a “foreign legion’ until the Fronch government has col- lected its ‘little bill.” As the government here looks upon Mr. Seward’s despatches and position as “ highly ‘pati it difcull ca it antici no ity am that qui and believes that it mill be ablo to prevent any cond tions with the United States till its object is accomplished. You may be sure this is the programme, to be c! or modifled perhaps as cireumstances Pop require, President Jobnson’s proclamation declaring tho rebel- lion at an end is favorably received here, and is as beginning of a new era of peace and prosperity. United States government securities, which had gone down to 72 in Frankfort, rose to 75 immediately upon its reception, aod there is much. inquiry (or them in Parla. It is a gross outrage and an infringement upon interns tional comity that’ the French government does not per- mit your securities to be quoted on the Bourgo. ‘They may be purchased in the brokers’ offices; but, as there is m@ market value for them, and no quotations made of the transactions are comparatively 8: Tout le monde, vig and litle, grand and demi, wee brought out by the magnificent weather on Sunday last; and the long end splendid avenue trom the Place de la Concorde to t& Bois de Boulogno, now lined with greem leaved and blossoming horse chestnuts, was ‘hrouged with carnages. Tho races at the Bois attractid thou- ganis, and the toilets of the petites dame:—ihe young and handome but not particularly virtuous ladies who seb the fashions of Paris—were bicoming in all their extrava gance and beauty. The new style of bonnet, which, seems to be in shape @ cross betwoen a soup plate and an inverted geranium was prevalent. Prominent ainong the ladies of béy €lasg was Mademol- sello Walters, alias “Anonym,” gias “‘Skiittes,” whe has recently returned from a voyage of d seovery and adventure in London, and who made her first appear- ance this spring on Sunday in an olegant turnout, with @ pair of prancing, slegk-coale’ biack horses and a tiger te Vory flash Hear Toxittioa’’ does har own driving, amg the certal ‘andies th» ribbons wit se it shill ame elegance. ‘Tus young, lady. 18 a livine < ubtibe of the trath, not perhaps “, virtue is always rewarded,” but that “industry must prosper,” aud the busy bee, | with this motto under it, should be her dev.ce. Tne } daughter of the proprietor of a ground near Liver, | whee hé Accsmmodated the roughs of that locality wit | a0 opportunity to indulge in the “noble and manly | Gamo’ of skittles, Miss Walter , who was a young lady | of spirit, early broke loose troi'the parental traces, aud + Wentup to London. Here she soon succeeded in making | fiéraeis the rage and ia ruining a host of wealihy ys | fools, én she Came ‘to ris, which for the | three years fits boon her field of action, and where j she has been blessed with great popularsy, ; She lives tn magnificent apartments, high | on the Champs Elysees, on which manifceut avenae she has seven windows fronting. The bungings of those windows, which are in blue satin and white lace, and the richness and beauty of which can be seen from the street, are said to heve cost a thousand france each. “Sit tles’” bas five rooms, aud pays twenty thousand francs @ * yeerrent. They arc moguiticenUy furnished in ros wood, mahogany and buhl, and hung with excellent intings ; for “Kitt! #”” is sard to be quitea patton of ark own portrait, by Fagnant, in tho siy!> of the beau- tios of the Mreuch court in the time of Louis XV., with a vory consideralMle exposure of what nature intunaed for the “maternal fount,’’ but which will probably nevor full nature's intentions, hangs alone in its glory in her i the tureshold of tuat sanctum ired beauty your correspondemt ‘is description of her ‘usb pate in modeet swe “with micile: “Skittles” is about twonty-four, keops six horses, hee rod hatr, and is rather fine lookiiig, Motta ‘an immense quantity of “iamonds and has an immense income. The most borrid thing about this modora Puryne 1s that she. has with her a young sister, still a child, whom she is initiating and preparing for a career similar to Lor owm, Thess aro the women who set the fashions, drive the finest horses, wear the richest diamonds, oc-upy the . Dest seats at the opera and theatfes, aré mort promincmt: at ang or ne in tho a and are the cause of much of ‘travagance in the price of rent and every- thing else in Paris, No wonder that Jules Favre and such men mourn over the decadence of the ; me wonder that the hard working artisans of the St Antoine, wica these women drive through thelr quarter in their splendid equipages, on he way to the steeple chases at Vincennes, hiss and shoat at them, and that one of their number once raised a general laugh at their expense by crying, as a crowd of thom drove ap, “Place, plac “pur Ws c.tfuniers de Vavenir.”” field for agricultural avd manofacturing indus bout being opened in the United Siates. A prac y — who eg some time “4 ane mynd Gating the culture of tho bo { yoot and its manu Lure, | meu cup Hts ict wie {ye to the Haitad. j which he tuiends to plant in Tilivois upon soil whieh previous to his coming hero he satisfied himself was well 1 adapted to the growth of this vegetable. Ho also intends imi diately erecting a Sugar reftnery, and will beeble to introduce his new product into the market by next winter. Mr. Jacob Thompeon, President Buchanan's Sec of the Interior, {s {n Paria, whither he arrived with family from Egypt three deys since, Mr. Thompson, tm conversation with a Noriwer w days si stated that he “accepted the situation,’ and more, that were the ban Mmoved from him and the stigma hich rests upon his name, upon the charge of raving aged io the assassination conspiracy, be -sinsippl ond do his best to aid tn the reconstruc. vs there i ample ev dence tn the hands ef sident that he had no connection with or know. ledge, however remote, of the assassination plot. Hig son is carrying on bis Missiesipp! plantation, and has, he Says, made gatis\actory contracts for work with his for. mer slaves, about two-thirds of whom remain upon Mis plantation.” Mr. Thomngon 9, 1 learn, euxious to retars ho United States, and expresses Limee'f very fr favor of the reconstruction poltey of President Johm son and upon the nece-sity of the southerm States ae ng the siiuation @ud acting with loyalty aud good The concert recently given by a committee of Indiea = | here in behalf of th four thousand franes, which wilh be forwarded unmed = 4 / ately to New York. RUSSIA. r Position the Caar Towa: Germany, : Que # PBTBRSPU RG oommaabonmaseene é, | St. Parenswore, April 12, 1866 Ponition of Russia in the Beent of a War in Germanp— ; Attempted Mediation—Contemplated Occupaiim of Prusian Poland—Badern Pr jects—Dartition of Oa Turkish Bmpire—Financial Embarranmments— Difficulty with the Ameer of Bukhara—Wild Rumors Among tha Natives of Central Asia, de. : Ali other interests are absorbed for the moment by the ‘news from Germany. Jn our best informed gircles a war between Austria and Prussia /s looked upon.as certain, and the question arises, therefore, what position we are to take its ch an event, . “we In 1850, when a similar diMoulty coourred betweon the same lowers, Russia interfered to prevent: bloodshed The lato Emperor Nicholas, who Of the Holy Alliance above those of disown emp te, end was horrified at the idea of its members, dociared that armies against each other al aggressor. By this intimation be probably e saved Pruseia from being overwhelmed by the supener power of Austria, as be bad just saved the latter from destruction in Hungary; aud we all know What thanks he had for his pains, the ranks of his enemies, and paralyzed our acttonom the Danabe by her monacng attitude in Galicia and Transylvania, while Prussia first deinded us with hopes of support, and then confined herself to a neutrality which did us more harm than good. The lesson lis not been thrown away upon our statesmen, and the Quixet- jem which Nicholas was guilty of will not be repeated. Ruevia i# no longer the geodarme of Europe, interfering to proserve the pence and to provent the other Powers from weakening themselves by internecine strife, so that afterwards they may employ all thelr strength against the peacemaker, Tho Emperor, who ts connected by family ties with most of the reigning houses of Germany, and who ts often reproached with being more of a Ger- man than @ Russian at heart, iy sincerely anxioce te avert a conflict which would shake the thrones of bte pearest and dearest relatives and opon the door to @ French tnvasion; but even in Russia the will of the Bm peror baa ceased to be law, and public opinion, backed by the authority of such men as Prince Gortchakol and Prinoe Gagarin, will deter him from aay step that might involve us in the quarrel. He bas sent ons of the gene. rals of his su'te, Dinotis Boriwovitch Richter, tho com. panion and excoutor of the decensed Grand Duke, Temonstrate’in a ftiendly way with the courte of Berita and Vieta and to ofr his mediation ‘in tho dim © pute; bat we may be quite sure that be wi not enforce it by Ureatoning to side with ether marr, Ta view of he eontigerasien beweren Und