The New York Herald Newspaper, January 26, 1866, Page 5

4 NEW YORK HERALD. | JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFIOR N. W. CORNER OF ‘TON AND NASSAU STS. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. ROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway, near Broome Airgel. =BOLON SMANGLS, NEW YORK THRATRE, Nos, 733 —Tas Day Arrex trax Wepping—Tux ATRE, Broadway, opposite the St. Nicholas ‘ow's Viortu—Tus UANLON Baorusas—THe PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Bowory.—Sixa- Beauesques, &c.—Tue Pewae Coens ‘ts Oy Scaoon BAN FRANT{300 MI Metropolitan Hotel. — £1 Li Amecann py tas Gem: TRELS, 535 Brovdwiy, opposite iAN Stngina, Dancing, &¢.— wera Trove, BRYANTS' MINSTABL 4, Meosimtos’ Hall, 472. Broad way. —Dax thtea yt ¥ 3ruue eae 74 —Nsdao Comtcatt- ‘Ties, BUKLISQUES. fuar's ay Si NOOLEY'S OPERA 1 z, STHKLSY—BALLADS, BUALESQUES Brooklyn, —Brirorrax Mine AND Paytournss. NEW YORK NUSEUM Of ANATOMY, 613 Broaiway.— Open from tO ALM. tL tO eM DOPWORTH HALL, 206 Broadway.—Granp Amateur Musicar, Dramatic anp Tass, Vivant Extent. SUPPLEMEN THS Nuws. ~~ CONGRESS. Tho proceedin-# in the Senate yesterday are impor- taut. Tho bill relative to tho sale of letter stamps and Biamped envelopes on credit, with an amendment ter- miuating its operation op June 30, 1868, was reported Trom the Posial Commitice, and an explanatory letter oof thy Posimaster General was ordered to be printed. A bil ty abolsh the municipal governments ot Wash- ington and Georgetoyn and vest the government o: the eulire District of Columbia in the hands of commissioners ty be appointed by tho President was introduced and roferred to the District Committee, A bill creating an afditional land district in Oregon was passed. The Dilt Lo restrict the expenses of collocting soldiers’ claims, by prohibiting attorneys and clalin agents charging more than certain stipulated feos, was discussed for some time, when it was laid as.de, and the bill enlarging the powers of tho Freedmen’s Bureau was again taken up, when Mr, Garro’t Davis, of Kentucky, made another speech of con- siderable length im opposition to it. Other fenators made remarks, after which the yeas and nays were ‘demanded, and the bill was passed by thirty-seven io the affirmative to ten in the nogative, being a strict party vote, oll thoze voting for it being re. Publicans and all those against it democrats, After its pasago Mr. Davis mado suggestions to amend its itle, in which he was deci-ted out of order by the Chair, We give the bill in full in our report of the preecedings, The bili to guarantee the freedmen protection o/ their vishts was considered fora shert time. Mr. Howe gave notico that ho would to-day eudeavor to call up his x s0- lution for the re-establishment of provisional gov rn- ments in the Southern States, Without transacting other Lusiness, the Senate went into executive session, during which somo Presidential nominations were confirmed, nad thea adjourned. In the House of Representatives twenty-five thousand copies of the reports of Generals Grant and Schurz on tue condition of .the South were ordered to be printed, Rosolutions were adopted requesting from the Commis- sioncr of Agriculture a statement of the revenue and ex- ponditures of his bureau during his administration, and instructiag the Committes on Banking to report on ho ‘expediency of a taw enabling national bauks to surrendor thoir choricra and close business, tho District of Columbia Committee to inqnire Jato the propricty of excluding from the privilege of voting in the District all porsons who were ever in the robel service, and the Judiciary Committee to maks farther inquiry regarding certain persons said to be per- formiog the duties of office under government without hav ng taken tho required oath. Leave was asked, but not &raoted, to offer two moro amendments to the na‘ional constitation, Tho Reconstruction Committec's propored «nondment, fixing the basis of representation and taxa- tion, was then aga’ laken up and discussed to the ad- journment, several members on both the demo-ratic and republ can sides speaking; but no vote on it was taken. ‘Tho House of Representatives yesterday received frow the Se retary of the Interior, in response to a resolution of tuquiry, @ statement giving the statistics of manutzes toring ta One hundred citics of the country. Tho total amount of capital employ ed is given as $417,120,2%4, end ‘the total number of individuals engaged as five hundred and Oty-cisht thousand. New York leads the list. THE LEGISLATURE. {a the Senate yesterday reports were made from com mittoes on the bills appropriating one hundred and +) thousand dollars to continue improvement of Hud rivor mavigation, req county treasurers to Bonds to tho State, to submit to the people the que of calling « constitutional convention, aud for the greater equal zation of ta’ Bills were introduced provid. fing that the State county bonds issued under the act of 186% shall be registered instead of coupon hondx, and requiring civil justicos to pay over to the supervisors ‘within thirty days after collection all moneys received for flac Tho joint resolution requesting the national government to render au iu the er of proper qQvarantive buillings for this port was adopted unavi smnounty. Thers was a rather small amount of be ene trons: forty-five thonsend tty rod dollars, was red (0 its third readi Folative to courts of record in seasons of e) amending the Excise law and the Life and Heolth Ta surance act were reported from committee. The Bouse adopted by a vote of seventy to twenty the report of the Committ ¢ on Rules providing for a standin . of nine as a 6 Hetitate for the usual Grinding Committee, and limiting (o fifteon the number of reporters entitied to seats on the for. EUROLE Tho Canadian steamship Hibernian, from Taverpool on the Lith and Londonderry on the 12th inst., orrived at Fortiand yestorday, with news from Europe five days faior. The Inman steamship City of Boston, which walicd a day carlier, arrived at this por. yesterday. Kxtracts from London journals which 3 repro duce fa our jesue of this morning contain matter which will be read with much interest by ovr financiers and business community genorally, prophe eying, a3 they do, the early rence of an. other great financial convulsion, which is to in NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, JANUARY “26, 1560—~.1TH_ SUPPLEMENT. who fell in battle put om the weeds of mo": | Solute failyre, and she cannot get over, the United States five-twenties wore quoted in London op | with being the persous who atole the property from him. the 12th inst, at 6436 0 66. MISCELLANEOUS. It 8 announced from Washington that Generals Sher- Tho prisoners aro dotained for further examination. The safe of a pork packing establishment at 175 and 177 Firat avenue was yesterday morping blown open by burgiars, who, howovor, docamped without securing any man, Thomas, Sheridan and Meade, the commanders of | nooty Ono arrest on suspicion of connection" with the four of the five grand military divisions into which the affair was mado by tho police, country is now partitioned, will agsombie in Washington Tho distillery of Ebling Brothers, im Fifty-A(th stroot, Next week for consultation with General QOrant and the government authorities relative to the condition of affairs in their respective departments. General Crawford, who has lately figured somewhat between Tenth and Eleventh avenues, was destroyed by fire early yosterday morning, cntailing a loss on stock and building of fifty thousand dollars, half of which _is covered by insurance, Henry Storler, the engineer, was conspicuously in despatches from tho Rio Grande border | paay burned. asan American officer endeavoring to raise in Texas a division of troops for the Moxican republican service, has been arrested at New Orleans by order of General Sheridan, and committed to Fort Jackson, A statement of the progress of the contest in the Paciflo States of Mexico between the republicans and tho impo- rialists, highly favorable to the former, is furnished by our San Francisco correspondent. One of Maximilian’s commissioners, backed by an armed force, recently ar. The inquost on the body of John McDonald, whose death resulted from injuries received ia a fight in Brooklyn some days ago, was continued yesterday after- noon, and several witnesses were examined, after which tho case was further adjoured to Monday next. Tho losa by the conflagration in Brooklyn on Wednes- day night, which resulted in the almost total destruction of the Atlantic White Lead Works, in Marshall atreet, is estimated at about four hundred thousand dollars, and is rived at La Paz, in Lower California, and compelled | goverod by insurance to the extent of two hundred: and the submission of the Governor and Legislature of that State to imperial authority; but a revolution ‘was goon raisel which placed in power a new Gover- ten thousand dollars, By this disaster two hundred per- sons aro thrown out of employment. Late advices from Europe inform us of the death nor and other officers adhering to the cause of Presi- } recently at Stockholm of Miss Frederixa Bremer, tho dont Juarez, and imprisoned the imperial commissioner. | ceieprated Swodish authoress, aged sixty-three™ years, ‘and the old Governor, who, however, subsequently made | we give today a sketch of hor life and novolistic their escape, In tho Pacific States of Sinaloa, Sonora | cargor, and Guerrero the imperialists are confined exclusively to the respective ports of Mazatlan, Guaymas and Acapulco, and do not dare to venture outside of these towns, the Tho stock market was weak and unsettled yesterday. Governments were dull. Gold closed at 13034. republicans having them completely hemmed in; and | Congress Inaugurating a Revolu tion—A even these places they would be immediately compelled to give up but for the protection given them by French war vessels in the harbors, The efforts to induce our government to renew the Reciprocity treaty stil] engross a very large share of the most earnest attention of the Canadian qulbefities and mercantile community; but th provincial newspapers, our Toronto correspondent states in his letter which we Publish in our Supplement sheet to-day, generally con- Sider the case ar bofieless, and aro about ready to give it vp. One of them thinks that if the demands made by War of Races in Prospect. No person can contemplate the action of Congress without forebodings for the future. This is to us the darkest hour in the history of the country. It is true that we have crushed an extensive and powerful rebellion. The dis- puted question in regard to the interpretation of the constitution has been appealed to the arbitrament of arms, and settled. it has heed Mr. Seward of the Canadian commissioners now | disposed of finally and forever by the removal in Waehin, known io the public they would create a sensation thro-ghont the province; and 1t is intimated that mem- bers of the provincial Cabinet entertained a design of ac eding to these reqnirements, which fact is given as the aupposed canso of Mr, Brown’s resignation of his position in the Ministry. The snow storm of Wednesday night was sneceeded yesterday in this region by rain and drizzle, which alter- nately prevailed throughout the greater part of the day, bringing skating to another temporary termination, and agaiv putting the streets in a floating, slushy and gen- erally shocking condition. The appointment of our first Minister to Greece was made yesterday by the President, Captain Nicholas Smith, of Kansas, being the appointee, The thirty-ffib annual assemblage of the Massachu, setts Anti-Slavery Soviety was held in Bostoa yesterday, A resolution was proposed to dissolve the society, on the ground that, slavery having ceased to exist in the comn- try, the work of the organization is at an end. Lloyd Garrison supported and Wendell Phillips opposed the re- solution, and the society tnally agreed to continuo its existen’e, and officers for the ensuing year were there- fore elected. The Board of Aldermen held a brief session yesterday gion asa return for its renewal were | of the cause of disagreement, in the - total abolition of slavery. In this decision the peo- ple in the revolted sections have acquiesced, and now come back, asking from the govern- ment the privilege ot enjoying all the bless- ings of a restored Union and the exercise of their legitimate rights under it. At this point they are met by Congress, which de- flantly refuses them admittance; thus, in effect, saying that those States which could not secede by passing ordinances of secession, which could not sever their connection with the Union by the sword and bayonet, are nevertheless out by the will of Congress. Thus the nation, which has been convulsed by war, and is now longing for peace and reunion, is kept under agitation by a fanatical and revolutionary Congress. Nor is this all. The daily records of. the proceedings of that body are filled with inflammable torches, which, being applied to the body politic, are kindling the fires of another revolution more extensive, afternoon, but transacted no business of Importance. | gerce and relentless than that from which we The Roard adjonrned sive die. The Board of Councilmen held no meeting yesterday, agnorum not being present when the roll was called. Thereupon an adjournment ‘took place till Monday. have just emerged. The Jacobins in Congress are do‘ng their utmost to bring about a war of races—the worst of all wars. Instead of pur- Tho steamer Meteor, the supposed Chilean privateer, | sning @ course of pacification they are trying is etill detained in port, no bonds having beon offered for jt gtir up strife, and are sowing the seeds her release, Nothing was done yesterday in the case, Marshe) Murray being desirous of receiving instructions from Washington before proceeding to search the vessel, which sooner or later, if they continue, will delnge the streets of our Northern cities and A return wae yesterday made by General Hooker to | the plains of the South with rivers of blood. ‘the writ of habeas corpus issued in the case of Charles | There will be scenes of bloodshed to which the HL. Coles, charged w:th being one of the Take Ene rebel | ingurrections in St. Domingo and Jamaica, with pirates. This retarn gets forth the facts that the prisoner ‘was net under control of General Hooker, but in all thelr chapters of horror, will furnish no of Colonel Burke, commanding at Fort Lafayette, after | Comparison. some argument in the case by counsel, it was postpofied The enemies of this country in Europe were until Saturday, the 34 of February, in order to give coun- 8 Pan opportunity to travere the return. The case of Gonzales fand Pellicer, jotutly indicted and tly convicted fin the Kings County Coart of constantly predicting during our late war that it made no difference whether the North. suc- ceeded on the battle fiold or not ; the Union was Oyer acd Terminer of the murder of Jose Garvie Otero, | destroyed and the countsy could never be in the City Park, Brooklyn, on the night of the 2d of | united again. The South, they declared, might November last, was called up yesterday; but, on account be whipped, but they would never renew of the absence of the counsel for Pellicer, the sentence their allegiance to the Union. We have was postponed nnti! to-morrow, A charge of fraud against Asa 8. Mercer, agent of the New England Emigrant Aid Socicty, came up in the 3, Dat was adjourn charge is that the several parties, an A motion ‘vas mi until to-morrow morning. The sold worthless passage tickets to yers one Elizabeth Thorn; and vein the fornia, Orexzon an yany from surrendering the and Company. vl yesterday im the 8, having found an unusually Jerge nember of indictments during the term. When Andrew Dann, who was charged with rape, was called rol he faiied to appear, and his bail was forfeited, clit prisoners were sentenced tothe State Prison for the crime of grand larceny. Phe report of the Court's proceedings will be foord ‘n our Supplement sheet. v important correspondence regat governmental matters wi has appe fracas commenced was elicited yerterd tration tenderng »mission neral Organizer, James Brennan. trennan has beon Jong } Court of @: by the Roberts to Mr. O'Mabo- ‘The Iter of ked for by the Fenians of he half dozen principal States he bas organized during ho past two yours. t's a calin and inodensive docu- ment, and gives intelligent whieh contd come from no person in the Brotherhood whos statements wonld carry more we ght to both parties, The Stephens Circle of the Z held a meeting ' evening at 333 Fast Twelfth ‘The inclemency of the weatber kept many of the ernor Bross, of Ulino’s, ad- ‘ommerce of this city on the ° Railroad and the resources of the hit will pase, He stated some in- ¢ inots in connection with the great project, aud nd d that, when completed, it will be an immense 4s, as it will open up to the American people a vast field for prosperous enterprize, A report of the Gov ‘ernor’s remarks appears in oor Supplement sheet. The f cetings to celebrate the cen- enary of Methodism yerica, Was held last evening in Taul's Methodist Episcopal church, Foarth avenne. Hon. James Harlan, Secretary of the Interior, presided, bel Beehops Simpson snd Janes and Rev, Dr. McClintock delivered eloquent addresses, The delognios to the « Schools, of this city and vicinity, held their third session yesterday, at the Tabernacle Baptist ehurch, Second aven @ hocen, A Comm ttee of Arrangements war also ap. ponted to make preparations for the first meeting of the ‘owntry through wh ter suc st of # series « voilve ia its calamities both the United States end England. This country, our cousins argu’ is to furn eh the cause of this catastrophe, and they point ominously &> the enormous increase of exports from Great Britain Hither, ia payment for which, it is alleged, American Morchants are very profuse with promises, but chary erith money. ‘The Spanish rebellion was proving a most eeriows aifnir Fost-ad of announcing, in stereotyped phraseology, that Madrid remains tranqui!, and that the insurgenta are on the point of being captured, the officini telegrams ‘ened Crom the Bpanish capital now ackoowledso that great uneasiness prevails. General Prim, the leader of ‘he eoboltion, it is worthy of note, has followed exactly the samo programme pursued in 1854 by Marshal O'Donnell, 4a the successful revolution which piwed him in power but the present rising, according to the correspondence Of tho Paris Patrie, differs from previons on break tho strong democratic eloment infused [nto the m mont At the same time the disaffection is more wir @proad, and the popularity of the insurrectionary leader #9 groator than ever beiore. A revolationary movement of a less form \dab'e tor had boon initiated in Ireland. Twenty-one F farmed to the tect, effected a landing at Sligo, and also eftected # loagment in the nearest jail, Much excite mont still prevailed all over the country, and the London ‘Times wan discussing with somothing like alarm the mix obvef which a Fenian raid might effect in Canada Anothor formidable list of casualties to American shipping in the recent gaic is given, and we aiso have particulars of the melancholy toes of the Guy Mannering associat on, to be beld im April next, The one bundred and reventh anniversary of the birth of Robert Barns was celebrated last night at Itiner's Hotel, by the Borns Ciob of New York, Mr. James Necholeon presiding, After dinner a stirring address on the Genins of Burns wos made by Mr. Hosea B. Perkine. A number of toaste were responded to by other gentie- men. The festivities were continued to an carly hour (his morning. The third reunion of m pudlic shoo! No. 14 took ¢ net evening, at the Sten. bep House, in the Bowery. fter the transaction of rome burinese the company eat down to a bountiful and elecant dinner, which was rendered doubly enjoyable by npeechen, toasts and songs. An (nterem@ing Commnica'ion has recently been made to the Beard of Education by Mr. & 8. Randall, the City Superintendent, aad is given in this morning's Henato It shows a@ satisfactory condition of the Lie sebools, ag regards the attendance and progress of +, the qualifeations and labors of teachers, and fur- ches seme statistice of the colored and evening whoole The Superintendent dissoarages the employ: ment of female instructors for the male department of the latter, and gives other suggestions of greater or lesser value t parents and teachers. Samuel B. Terry, the messenger of the Farmers and Citizens’ Bank of Williamsburg, who was robbed in Beckman street last woek of a satchel containing over fifty thousand dollars’ worth of notes and checks, yester- day made an affidavit before Justice Ledwith charging George Boyce and David Schiff, arrested gn Gumday inst, of the Ninth class of vention of Raptist Sunday | | National Leg'slatare. Sad as it is, painful as A copetitution was adopted and officers were ? already seen how false and erroneous has been this prediction. Even those who Superior Court, spec al term, before Judge McCunn, yes- | were the loudest in proclaiming it have long since admitted their error. But instead of this evil threatening us we have one still 4 | more formidable, pregnant with the most dire results. Towards this we are drifting with an alarming velocity. The war for the preser- vation of the Union has ended. The Chief Magistrate of the nation inaugurated a policy under which the country was rapidly changing from a warhke attitude to that of peace. Our gallant soldiers are rapidly returning to their homes and resuming their places around the family fireside. Just at this etage Congress ae sembles, and at once arrays iteelf against this course of events. Not only is the revolutionary faction which controls that body laboring to arrest this march of peace, but they are plung- ing us into inextricable difficulties. Before the blood of our soldiers who fel! in battle is cold, or the grass is green upon their graves, the Jacobins are endeavoring to force a war of races upon the country, and carry desolation to the very heart of our populous ‘cities and thriving villages, Here “we stand, a nation | burdened by an enormons debt, with the tax } gath rer st each elbow; our commerce, which was nearly driven from the sea, again trying to resume its place; one section of the country paralyzed by the stern events of war, yet straggling to avise, Phoenix-like, from the ashes, and yet Congress actually refusing to render assistance, and insisting upon adding fuel to the flame and holding the country down with iis fanatical grip--all for the purpose of retaining party supremacy. This is the picture which is now presented to onr view. This is the feast which is now being prepared for ue by those whom the people supposed: were their representatives in the it may be to look upon, it is, nevertheless, solemn and living reality. ing; we sow the maimed and erippled brough. back from the front; but beyond this it was but 4 dream. - It céme and passed away like storm in the winter, leaving here and there & mark indicating that something umesual had transpired. The people in many sections of the South, however, saw more of its solemn re- alitics, Families were broken up and homes destroyed, all of which was but the legitimate penalty of rebellion and attempts to destroy the government. But even this hardship aad suffering is smal, in comparison te that which wilt follow the conflict thet Congress is forcing upon us, The fanatios of that body are leading us, step by atep, into a bloody contest that will extend to every section ofthe country. Its evil results, its hardships and devastation, will aot be confined to one section, but extend over alt localities, east and west, north and south. A war of races opens wide the door for rapine and murder. It affects the highest and the lowest. We have but to refer to the horrible scenes that transpired in St, Domingo at the close of the last century and those of Jamaica but a few months since to realize its horrore and dangerd. ‘During our late war all could count upon the enjoyment of life. No person was in.danger of the bullet unless he was in front when the contending armies stood face to face. But let a war of races be once fully inaugurated—and at the present rate it wilt come sooner than we expect—and the assassin is at the door of every citizen, at his side when he walks the street, and he knows not when be leaves. hie home Jn the morning whether those whom he holds dear will be alive When he returns at night. The contest will be the most fierce iti the South; for thete the races are more evenly balanced: But it is idle to suppose that we shall escape its dreadful results here. We write thus ear- nestly, for we see the storm coming. We see the fires burning and Congress engaged in fan- ning the flames and increasing the danger. It is impossible to look dispassionately upon their work without seeing the dreadful calamity that will visit us unless measures are taken to arrest its progress. We saw enough in the riots in this city, we have heard enough of the deeds along the valley of the Mississippi, to warn us of the danger ahead. Seeing the whole country standing as it seems to us on the verge of a precipice, we raise our voice of warning, in the hope that even Congress may pause in the storm and see where it is drifting. The conservative portion of that body have the strength and power to arrest the evil if they only have the courage. Will they not take hold like men and assist the President in resisting the fanatieal tide, and thus earn for themselves the plaudits of their countrymen? Threatened Financ Engla' By the news from England it will be seen that a heavy financial revalsion is anticipated. There have been many indications that it was to come at no distant day. . There has been a steady, progressive rise in the rates of discount at the Bank of England for seven months.. In August last the rate was Revulsion in . three per cent, since when it has changed This revolutionary faction, under the lead of | their Dantons, Ma: and Robespierres in Washington, are instigating measures and passing laws, upon the pretext of protecting the blacks, that must eventually lead us to a direct conflict between the Anglo-Saxon and African races in this country. Thus, while pre- tending to be the friend of ihe negro, they are in reality his enemy, and hastening the day of reaction which will sweep bim from our land. The blacks, in their joy over their freedom and their rejoicing over their proposed political righte, little dream of the volcano which is beneath them, or the fires of destruction whieh | their pretended friends are kindling around | them. A great noise is made by the fanatics in “Congress bout distinction of color; bat the very sieps which they sre taking is increasing that prejudice and adding to that feeling which nature has planted in the breast of every man. There isa point beyond which the people will not be pas- sive lookers-on. To that point we are rapidly being pushed by the modern Jacobins. The people of the North realized but little of the hardships of the recent war. We saw the tax gatherer approaching our doors; we saw the wives gad qaughtors of thoge gallant soldiers soven times. It is now eight per cent, which {eas high ag it ‘has ever before gone, even in all the at fluctuations of the rates which have since the-enactment of the Bank Charter yet in 1844—the act that abolished the usury legs, which had fixed interest at five por cent. Bat high as the rate is, the appearances are that it is to go a great deal higher, and twelve, fifteen and twenty per cent are re- garded as the possibilities of the immediate future. It is quite possible that England is some- what troubled at present by a real scarcity of money. America, since the close of the war, has drawn money from continental Europe to & great extent, with but little other retarns than government securities. Much that ordi- narily goes to England has thus been diverted, and much also, has been directly drawn from that country; indeed, it is to this | cause that English writers attribute the | trouble they expect. It fis all, they say, because England has given such heavy credits to America, There has been also agreat activity in Engiand in almost every branch of legitimate business, and a conse- quently great demand for circulating medium. According to a certain school of financiers on this side the water, we have been in a danger- ous condition because the demands of business were not quite up to the amoant of money afloet, and we bave been tremendously urged to cut the amount down by the most perilous of means; and, at the same time, England bos becn distressed snd hers. ade cramped by the This scarcity of money bas nenced the bank rate in its own degree, and those bigh rates are a burden on the poor, at least as positive as the burden | of a currency not eqnal to specie in value. Bui the mere scarcity of money does not | sufficiently explain the already great rise in | the bank rate, much less would it explain such | a rise as English financiers expect. The high | rates mean the apvrehension of a coming storm. They show bow imminent the bank directors believe a financial crash to be. Speen- lation bas gone to a great extreme. In 1863, 1864 and 1865 there were eight hundred and thirty-two new joint stock companies organized, and the aggregate capital was £362,000,000, or nearly two billione of dollars. Many of these companies were the emptiest possible echemes to make money, and their number and hollow- nese show how biind and widespread is the mania to get rich rapidly. Large numbers of them took Jobn Bull also in @ very tender point—his relations with the Untted States, The eager purchaser of so many pieces of serip in a bran new Blockade Ranning Company was not only to get rich in a few dayr, by the untold increase in the value of bis stock, bat be was also to infliet a severe blow on England's great commercial rival. Here was a doable happinet®. So the mania grew. Now the mania is for companies to develope the re- sources of this country. It takes still more substantial appearance, and the London Ties declares that the railway projecte to be intro- doced into Pariiamémt are more vast than on any previous occasion within twenty years, Such manias precede financial smashes It is this very rage of speculation that contributes most to hurry on and render ‘inevitable the | disaster whose deeper cause is some grand financial blunder of a people. England’s great mistake—the greatest mistake ever made by a purely money-getting nation—was that she was blow. Stockjobbers are the imfuonce that is xtinging the trouble out, for stookjobbers, ua- Tike 2sitimate business mea, are domoralizod, v0 far aw *ates of discount go. They are not alarmed at 227 figure, but-like true gamblers make the vont. '¢ Steater, and thus push rates to.auch a potist thet @ll who are not in a sound condition must go & Wa. England feels that she is not prepsred for ay Such trial, and thus her financial writers warn that while it is idle to conjecture wher the storm may ¢0m:, every man who pledges himself must oxpect that it may como at any moment. In this connection, as a crash in England will be severely felt here, it may oceur to many that the suspension of the Columbian Insur- ance Company, the other day, may have some unseen relationship with what ia to come and be more general. But this is not probable, That suspension evidently did not surprise every one agit did the public. Certain inside men apparently knew all about it, and indi- cated @ lively desire to stand from under. ‘There was an unusually large movement in the eompany’s stock on the few days preceding the disaster. Six hundred shares were sold and nearty five hundred more were offered for sale. The prices of shares sold on January 13, 17 and 20 ran from seventy-one to fifty-four percent. Perhaps this was the final rush of tho operators getting out after the green ones had been fairly gotten In. There isa family likeness to the operations of the men who make corners. Corner men fix on som? obscure de- precinted stock; they quietly buy it up at its naturally low rate, stowing it away all the time, until they have made it scarce, Then they begint id lesa for it, and the stock be- gins td go up. So, carefully manceuverinz, they run it toa handsome figure. A case in our legal reports the other day showed how the stock of a Western railroad had been run up to eighteen per cent above its par value. By this time the guigeons—zager to bite--are atter it. Then the corner men sell, but always very carefully, and get rid at a high rate of that which they bought at a very low one. So the operator makes his money at the expense of the public. The directors of the Columbian Company will have to prove that they have not, by the use of similar tactics, enabled certain insiders to operate on the multitude. They adopted un- usual means to make their stock attractive. They paid a great many dividends for a not very flourishing company. They bad even ad- vertised a dividend at the very last moment. It has been suggested that this was only a final one of many allurements to get outsiders in and so help the insiders out. The lew requires that a company shall stop when twenty-five per cent of its capital is gone, and we may be sure that the Columbian did‘not stop before it was necessary. But on the 23d of December the company announced that its capital was intact. It did this by advertising a dividend—for it can only pay adividend when its capital fs all right. Either, then, that dividend was iy promised, and was intended to deccive; or the company lost one-fourth of its whole capital in the current month. The public can choose which of these it will believe; but whichever it may choose, neither can connect this suspon- sien with those more legitimate troubles that will fall upon us aya consequence of any great financial crash across the Atlantic. °°" Taz New Yorx Cottzcronsair.—The persist- ency wi h which delegations. after delegations are pestering the President about the appoint- ment of a Collector for the port of New York would be amusing if it was not that they occu- pied so much of Mr. Johnson's time, while he has so much business to attend to of great and vi al moment to the country. One day a nom- ber of gentlemen, introducing themselves as the representatives of almost untold millions, call upon him to urge the claims of a particular candidate for the Colleetorship. The next day another candidate is pressed upon him by a dif ferent batch of backers. The President has something more important on bis hands than the New York Collectorskip, which is of no im- portance at all except ae a comfortable roosting place for some politician. Tbe present incom- bent, Mr. Clinch, is performing the duties of the offive to the entire satisfaction of the mercantile community, just as be bas done for many years past, when fillirg the office of Deputy Collector— a fact which in iteelf goes very far to prove that the office of Collector is a superfinons one. The Collector is expected to do the political businese of the office; bnt the practical busi- ness, upon which our merchants rely, bas al- ways been done by the deputy. Therefore there fs no necessity in the case of Mr. Clinch for making any change. He ie an efficient oMcer, and thet ia all that we want at the head of the Custom House. President Jobn- son, we presume and hope, sees the matter in this light and will pay no at‘ention to there troublesome delegations of offive seekers. Tre Baoox.yy Park Merpen.—The course of justice in our local courte is notoriously slow, but we have had a recent exception to the rute im the Otero murder case in Brooklyn. In this instance justice has been swift and sure. Nr. Olero wae murdered, as our readers will re- member, on the 22d of November, in the pablic park of Brooklyn, and on the 24h of January both bie murderers were convicted of the crime. It is trne that the case against the accused was a very flain one; bat many indictments for a similar offence in our courte, in whieh evidences of guilt bave been equally clear, bave remained for many months, and even years, without being acted upon. Trials have been postponed from term to term, and the penalty, in many cases, which should have immediately followed conviction, bas been staved off by this or that technicality. The punishment of crime, in order to be ef fectual in the only way in which it is of any nee—as a corrective and a protection—should follow quickly upon the commiesion of the crime. In cases of murder especially, if the death penalty has any effect at all in checking this class of offence, conviction and the. fuil vindication of the law should suceeed the crime. an promptly as possible. Such hae been the cose in the trial of Gonzales and Pellicer (or Salvador) in the Otero murder, and it ie an ¢x- ample whieh ought to be followed by the aa- thorities in all euch instances, Waar to Do Wirn tne Renet Caxnox.—Gen- eral Delafield, of West Point, very sensibly | objects to have the cannon eaptared from the | rebels, and deposited at the Acedemy, Ix on the wrong side in our quarrel. She was on | scribed with the mames of the battles at whith the side that lost and cannot pay. One of the most veet of het Anancial ventures was ag ab- were taken. We that these ¢an- now, apd gl] dhat gan be collected trom, rebel- dom, shalt be cast in a magnificent column, in- soribed with the singl le word “Ta ion,” and loosted in our great Park, where it will be at onge a splendid ornament and a national ad- monition against treason. The Revolutionary Condition of Spata. The news from Spain is unusually important. The old Bourbon monarchy of the peninsula, which has in late times been subject to many convulsions, is again in « revolution- avy condition. Two regiments of cavalry; sta- tioned at Aranjuez and Ocana, revolted om the 4th instant. Nearly all of the superior and many of the inferior officers took part im the movement. Letters. from Madrid state. that military risings (pronunciamientos) had taken place in several provincial towns, and that the troops in the capital were confined to barracks. The very last news says Madrid was under martial Jaw, and that martial law had also been proclaimed at New Castile. Considerable excitement was reported at Bercelona, and crowds there wore. dispersed by the military. Besides the revolt of the cavalry at Aranjucr and Ocana, and the several military risings spoken of, the press despatch says the insur- gent garrison of Avila had reached Portuguese territory and was disbanded. Vague and incomplete as the information from Spain is, enongh is-given to show that the whole king- dom, and particularly those parts of it border- ing on Portugal, is in a revolutionary con- dition. The government ovideo'l; is using every means to suppress the facts for the pur- pose of allaying apprehension both at bore and abroad, In the confused and imperfect account of this affair it i¢ sid in one pra faph that the “moveiicnt has no importance, and finds no support among the people,” and that “Madrid and the provinces remrined tranquil.” Put, though the capital was, re- ported quiet, martial law was proclaimed. If there were no danger, and if this revolt of a few troops did not arise from deop- sented political causes, why 80 much anxiety about it? Why think of proclaiming martial law in the capital, and confine the soldiers there to the barracks? The revolt of two “incomplete regiments,” or ‘wo complete regiments, is not in itself a very remarkable event. Such o thing occurs often in a cottntry when there is no danger, great political significance, or neces- sity for martial Taw at the capital. It might arise from want of discipline, local dieaffec- tion, or dislike of a particular comm nder. But in this case there is something more serious. The anxiety of the government indicates plainly enough that there is « decp meaning, or danger in the revolt. Ano‘her part of the despnich throws more light on the subject. It suys “the movement was organized by the progressistas, and that the ery of the insurgents was, ‘viva Espartero t viva Prim!” This shows that the movement is ‘a political one, and must: lnve @ seated cnuse than the capriceof the soldiers ‘engaged in it. ‘The progressistas ave the re- formers of Spain, as the Bright amf Cobden liberals are of England; the differetice’is, Bow- ever, that the reformera of Spain are'more’ di- rectly and violently opposed to the'Qireen and her government. The conduct of Isabella, po- Yitical and otherwise, the influence of the bigoted and intolerant priests over her, thy batred of ber busband, and the old Bourbon Henghty resistance to popuitkt movements aud the spirit of the age which she inherits and exhibife,are the real causes of this revolutionary movement. The names which are the rallying cry of the insurgents, Eepartero and Prim, show thespint which animated the insurgents. The former, it will be remembered, is the old general who subdaed the formidable Carlists during the civil war fn Spain, and placed Isabella omfthe throne. He was the most powerfal man imthe kingdom, and has always been liberal. Gene- ral Prim, if not so distinguished aa a soldier at the head of euch a great movemen’, is not Ices eminent as a stateaman. | He, too, has occupied the highest positions in the-kingdom. Espar- tero, though liberal, is, perhaps, more of a mo:lerado than Prim, for the latter is regarded a8 a progressista of the broadest views. We have reason to remember General Prins with esteem, for he was one of the few stateemen or prominent men in Enrope who sympathized with us in the darkest hour of our stroggle to preserve the Union, and who was opposed to the monarebical alliance of the Old World to undermine republican institutions in - the New. He was opposed to both the French intervention in Mexico and the quixetic schemes of bis own government with regard to the panist-American republics. In fact, he is about as near being a repnblican as a man in his position conld well be: These are the-dis- tingntshed men whose names are invoked by the insurgent soldiers of Spain; and there is no doubt that the “vivas’ uttered for Expartero and Prim found an echo in the heart of the Spanish people. But the disease that afflicts Spain is seciall and politica), and the seat of’ it fs in the condi-~ tion and hearts of the people. The Madrideor- respondent of the Paris Temps seys “socialism has advanced with giant strides,” and thecor- respondent of the London Tinvs says “Spain bas paseed trom the utter negation to the most dangerons abuse of political life. The ineseaso of mendicancey, and of all the outward evidence of real misery in the sireets of Madrid, lias at- tained gigantic proportions,” Sncbh are the seeds of revolution always, and when growing up with these there is a widespread’ mifitery disaffection, the danger becomes. imasinent. There are, in fact, the strongest indications of a revolution in the peninsula, smother circumstance worthy. of note in coapection with the above was the late reception of the, young King and Queen of Portugal by the ple of Madrid. While the King Consort, Ina~| bella’s husband, met with no cignof respect whatever from the crowd at the time thelr Ma- jemties of Portugal were passing trough Madrid, the people shcated: enthestaptically “Long live the liberal King and. Queen of Por- toga. Al) this was very significant, and enlens Isabelle caste of her bigotry, illiber- ality and priestly influence,, con something to.the progressive of be people, they may. carry ont the wish that Pam long prevailed te unite beth, kingdoms of Are peninsula, and anite them in the persons of the young King and Queen of Portugal.j The plaadit, bestowed upom them at Mad sid, the upgensiness of Ixabella while they were there, ‘and the great admiration of the peovple for the nino hermossiesimo, as the Queen ‘of Portugal held her infant child on ber lap, *yeak volumes. These are revolutionary Umea, and the Queen of Spain will be wise “f she adapts her course gccordingly. Cannyt the oracle of tha