The New York Herald Newspaper, January 22, 1866, Page 4

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Country subscribers to the New Yoru Hanarn are re- quested to remit their subscriptions, whenever practi- cable, by Post Office Orders. It is the safest mode of transmitting money by mail. Advertisomonta should be sent to the office before nine e’clook in the evening. EUROPE. Additional news by the Cunard steamship Asia, at alifax, records the outbreak of @ revolution in Spain. ‘Tho official accounts affect to make light of the matter; Dut the movement appeare to be of a serious character. Gomera! Prim is at the bead of it, and associated with him are Espartero and Generals Carlos and Lalorre, At the latest accounts the insurgents had retreated to the mountains, burning the bridges after thém. Dtzaflec- tion bas spread rapidly in Spain for the last fow years, nd the recent visii of the King and Queen of Portugal ko Madrid was made the occasion of an enthusiastic demonstration in (heir favor, in opposition to the prevent Bourbon dynasty. ) Our St, Petersburg correspondent announces that the Rassian government has placed awar steamer at the Aisposal of the Collins Tetegraph Company, and has given {instructions to the Russian authorities to afford every assistance to the company in their operations. We publish further significant comments of the Paris yprees on the Mexican question. Jt ie added that the \Frenoh opposilion have determined to concentrate all oir energies in the coming session of the Corps Logix if in order to bring the lutervention in Mexico to ap ond. | The prevalence of a panic in the Prussian capital, gecond only to tha! caused by the appearance of the @holora, is recorded by our Berlin correspondent. Tho Sriohine disease, a now and terriblo malady, is ravaging Prussia, and of thove atiacked by it al lenet twenty-five per cent dic @ death as horrible as that of Herod the Totrarch. Surgeons trace.the origia of the malady tos ppecies of worm that attacks pige, aud ae the Germane wre essentially a pork-eating people, and prefer their food only partially cooked, the new scourge bas utterly dis. wrranged théir habits, ani cause? a fooling of intonse plarm to peryade all classes. Herr Von Bismark, the Pespotic Prime Minister of Prussia, we also learn from pur Berlin correspondence, iv endeavoring ooce more to toh op terme with tho Prussian Legislature, whose Wuggies to obtain constitutional liberty were temporarily Wusponded by the outbreak of the war witb Denmark, ASIA. ‘The nown (rom Asia wo publish this morning poseetecr Ponsiderable Interest, Our Bar gkok (Siam) corresponé tea, au approaching renewal of the commer. 1 treaty, made in 1856, between this country and Siam, throws out important saggestions as to how Ameri. commercial interests might bo improved ond placed & otter footing im that part of the world He shows Stam offer® a rich field for American trate, which, proporly worked, could uot fail to yield an abundant From Japan we learn that the two treaty ports of ‘Wisgo and Ossaca have beeh thrown open to commerce ocording to agreement. The operations of the com bined fleets of England, France and Holland appear to Rave brought about this result, In India there were of famine in Bengo!, and of warlike trouble in ‘and slong the Panjaub frontiers, Sir Ruther. the Britten Ambassador !n China, was push. forward to Pekin without obstrnction. His object gated to beto obtain authority to construct an Eng. falleag in the Celestial cmpire, running a7 near to gapital as possible, : MEXICO. GPs ead jopenofierin Mexico te have NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JANUARY 22, 1866, “8 again vews of importance, Official intelligence has been received in Washington of the retura of President Juarez and his Cabinet from Chihashva to Bt Paso, on the Rio Grande, on the 16th of Decomber fast, thoy having left the former city on the 9th of that month, on the approach of astrong imperial army, which occupied it two days after. An armed force of republicans left Chihuahua with the President, but remained about fifty miles from the town, apnoying the imperialists, The French Minister in Washington has applied to the Stat» Department for information regarding the recent capture from the imperialists of Bagdad, on the Rio Grande; but, as nothing official relating to it has been received, of course he cannot yet be gratifiqg. General Sheridan has been instructed from Wasbington to inves- tigate the affair, and punish avy United States soldiers who may have been engaged in it, Several French officers lately in the service of Maximilian arrived in Washington yesterday, on their way back to their own country. They give a highly colored picture of the fine prospects of the Mexican empire, Late Mexican papers supply us with copies of protests of soldiers of the Belgian Legion in Maximilian’s service, made prisoners by the republicans, against the Emperor's order decreeing the death of all ropublican prisoners, and particularly against one case of its barbarous execu- tion by Colonel Mendez, one of the imperia! officers, who caused to be shot immediately a number of republicans whom he captured.. One of these protests is addressed to Maximilian, and the other to the representatives of tho Belgian nation. The protestants: say that they did not come to Mexico to Night in this iniquitous war, but as an escort toa princess of their country (Carlotta), and that, having been forced into active service, their lives are now placed in jeopardy by the execution of the bar- barous iraperial decree, they being liable to suffer if the republicans should retaliate. The operations of the Mexican republicans in the North- western section of their country are represenied by our San Francisco correspondences to be still carried on with great perseverance and energy, General Ogazon, who was some time age in New York, was about to leave San Francisco inthe begiuning of this month for Guadala- Jara, the cap tal of his State, having the authority and means to raise there a force to take the fleld against the imperialists, General Alvarez was still encamped near Acapulco, and had possession of all the surrounding coun'ry, and was keeping such a close watch on the im- perial troops garrisoning the town that none of them dared venture outside of iton land, and all their sup. plies had to come to them by sea from a distance. The entire country from Acapulco to within a short distance of the city of Mexico 13 sald to be in possession of the republicans, SOUTH AMERICA. The letters of the Hunan Buenos Ayres and Rio Janeiro correspondents and the South American nows- paper extracts published in our issue of this morning give a mass of additional information of much interest regarding the war between Paraguay and the allies, The Tumors of prospects of immediate peace, which fora time received considerable credence, owing to the au- nouncement that a despatch of some kind had been sent | Phe President, Congress, Negro Suffrage by Lopez, President of Paraguay, to the Argentine Presi- dent, had come to be genorally discredited, and troops and war munitions were still being sent forward to the scene of hostilities, The retreat of the Paraguayans con- tinued, and they had been driven entirely from the foreign territory which they invaded and across the Parana river to their own soil, at the borders of which, on tho banks of that river, it was reported the allied army had arrived in tho latter part of November. The Brazilian flect too was pushing steadily up the Parana towards the Paraguayan capital, to meet and co-operate on the river with the allied land forces, Meanwhile, however, Lopez, though falling back before a superior force, was far from idle. Formidable water obstruc- tiong, strong fortresses and garrisons of considerable numbers stood in the way of the continued advance of the Brazilian ships, and the Paraguayan Dictator bad a large and well drilled army to stand in the path of the opposing allies on land. Mr, Washburne, United States Minister to Paraguay, arrived at Buenos Ayres, on the way to his field of du- ties, inthe beginning of Novembor last. Our Buenos Ayres correspondent devotes considerable space to the emigration movements from this country and Europe to the Argentine provinces and Brazi!, and furnishes much infort of value to persons designing to settle thore. , ¥ saison bn ann wi me 5 MISCELLANEOUS. Sundays appoar to haye been specially selected this winter by tho Weather Clerk for sudden dipensations of cold weather in this region. Yesterday was tho third successive Sunday on which a very mild temperature, prevailing through the three or four preceding days, has been suceveded by agevere one. Tho cold yesterday, howover, was far from being so extreme as that of two weoks ago, and, as it froze up the slush which filled the streets on Saturday, and made walking agreeable, it was more welcomed than reprobated. There were pure air and aclear sky, and outdoor movements were on the whole quite enjoyable (o the majority of people. At nine o'clock in the morning the thermometer marked twenty- two dogrees above zero, at noon twenty-four, and at eight in the evening it was again down to twenty-two. The following table shows the range of the meroury at the Henato office during last night and down to two o'clock this morning:— The bail went up again at the Park yesterday, aud over forty thousand persons visited the lakes. During the four skating days of Inst week one hundred thousand persons ekated on the Park Jakes, There will bea grand carnival this evening on Sylvau Lake, and one to-morrow on the Fifth Avenue Pond. President Jobnson was visited on Saturday by a delega- tion of influential democrats of Pennsylvania, including the members of the State Exeentive Committee, to whom he said, in response te the introductory speech of their chairman, that if they came te him as patnots he was happy to havo their support, but if as partisans, then the case was more doubtful, as he should not swerve from his eenee of duty for party men or party objects, ‘Tho delegation, it is said, were much pleased with their viet, aod departed enthusiastic Johneou men. It is expected that a report of their proceedings so far will be made to both houses of Congress to-day, from the joint Committee on Reconstruction, and that they will recommend @ constitutional amendment rearranging Southern representation, An Interesting insight of the secret proceedings over the bill giving the voting privilege to the District of Co- lumbia negroes, and the motives which led to its paseage 1p tho House of Representatives, is given in our corres- pondence from the vational capital, It shows how Thad Stoveus manages the halting and weak-kneed members of his party, and makes them toe the mark whenever any important measure fs at iseue. Early thie week General Sweeny and President Rob- certs will ctart through the country to address a sories of Fenian mace meetings in favor of the military Congroes of the Order to be hold in Pittsburg on the 19th of next month. The curions report is furnished by our Toronto cor- respondenge that the reason for the postponement by the Gorergor General of the meeting of the Canadian Parliament till May next is the fear that a Fenian inva- sion may be made during the wiuter, and the legislators bo thus cut off at Ottawa from a line of retreat, The provineial Fenians, though eaid to generally favor the O'Mehony leadership and war programine, are quite ready to welcome General Sweeny among them if he shall decide to avail himeelf of the advantagee of the present St, Lawrence ice bridge for an inyasionary expe- a ‘The military at Pressott one night lately were greatly alarmed, and thought the Fenlaas had surely come at lagt, party of discharged volunteers at Ogdens- burg collecting on tie American haok of the river and firing eevorel shots for the purpoee of euirriug up their veighbors On the other aide. Tn the banishment from Fortress Monroe, with a view of guarding against attempts to liberate Jef Davie, of nil persone who at any time were in the rebel service, considerable injustice, our correspoudent at that plece slates, has beon done to several individuals, He men- tions the chses of gome mon banished who, though thoy noe rebel soldiers, were such by compulsion, and deserted to the national army on the first opportunity, aod subsequently fought bravely ig the Union ranks, Strong sforte are now being made for the erection at Vortreas Monroe of the projected monamont to the six ‘hoUean! national oldiors buried in that vicinity, The Cost ot the strecture is estimated at only (our thousand dollars, ’ ‘The raplé growur of tede between San Francisco and the Sandwich Islands is shown by our correspondence from the former place, Only a few years ago but one Vouel & poopie sallod Vekmego iby wetsppolis af We Golden State and Honolulu; but now there are three lines of packots, besides frequent extra departures, aud a rogular line of steamers between the two ports has just been started. We have received and publish to-day details of the losg of the steamer Charles Benton, whose abondonment at sea on the 15th inst. has been already noticed in our columns. The Benton left Newbern, N. C., for this port, with a cargo of cotton, on the 6th inst., and on the evening of the following day encountered a heavy gale, which continued till the 10th, completely disabling her. On the 15th inst. she was abandoned off Hatteras, her officers and crew being rescued by tho brig Monticello and carried to Holmes’ Hole, where they arrived on Fri- day last. A sermon in the Norwegian language was preached yesterday at No, 68 East Broadway by the Rev. V. Koren, of the Norwegian Lutheran church at_ Decorah, Towa, where this denomination has located a fine college for the education of clergymen, Mr. Koren proposes to organize Scandinavian Lutheran congregation in this city. The Arion Society had some lively and most enjoyable carnivalistic ‘proceedings last might at. the Germania ‘Booms, in the Bowery, which were crowded on the occa- sion by a good-natured and hiarious assembikge. David Schiff and George Boyce, aged respectively twenty-four and twenty-seven, were arrested fn Stanton street on Saturday evening on suspicion of delng the persons who, on Friday last, in midday, robbed. mes- senger of the Farmers’ and Citizens’ Bank of Williams? burg of eightcen thousand dollars in notes and obi on the corner of Beekman and William streets, The pris- oners are detained for examination at Police Headquar- ters, where they have been identified by the messenger. None of the stolen money has yet been recovered. ‘The outer door of a safe on the second floor of the stect warehouse Nos, 91 and 98 John strect was blown open by burglars about eight o’elock yesterday morning. The noise of the explosion attracted the police, who, on their arrival, found the rooms filled with emoke and bur- glarious implements strewn on the floor; but the bur- glars had fled, and without having succeeded in penctrat- ing the inner safe door, and consequentiy without any booty. Early yesterduy morning two thieves effected an en- trance to the sleeping room of a man natued Thomas Hearn, on the corner of Tenth avenue and Twenty- seventh street, and, while one of them stood threaten- ingiy over Mr. Hearn with a large kuife, the other packed up such portable valuables as the room con- tained, after which both scoundrels made their escape. The dead body of Hugh Shelly, a flagman employed on the Harlem Railroad, was found lying on the track in the tunnel at Ninety-second street on Saturday afternoon, he having been run over and killed by a passing train, and Restorations The vote in the lower house of © on the question of negro suffrage in the Dis. trict of Columbia furnishes the country a prac- tical idea of the attitude of the members of that body on the great questions of the day. The verbiage and superfiuities of debate wero overruled by the direct test of voting. We have in this record a new landmark and a favorable point to pause for observation after many days of storm, to ascertaia how far we have drifted from our true course. It is the duty of all to avail themselves of this oppor- tunity, and glance at the probable future from this standpoint. The President, too, can now realize the strength of the different factions in that body, and count with certainty upon the elements with which he will be forced to con- tend in guiding the ship of Siate through the angry sea in which his adminisiration is now placed. * The passage of this measure by the House of Representatives is the first evidence of a disposition’ onthe part of Congress to allow the Executive of the nation to have any voice in the schemes of that branch of the gover ment. \From the seaslon we Tunng spirits in constantly "intriguing against and wanting the Presideni’s policy, and yet announcing the country that they are acting in harmony with his administration. Unwilling to give the President an opportunity to officially expose their hypocrisy, they have to a certain exteni succeeded in convincing those who had no means of judging correctly of the truth of their assertions. Under this cloak they have or- ganized their cabals and matured their schemes for political and party operations in the future. They have found among the official advisers of the President a member of the Cabinet, who, possessing the opportunity to understand all the movements and objects of the President, is ready and willing to direct and suggest measures to frustrate the Execu- tive. Starting out at the commencement of the session with a joint Committee on Recon- atruction—in reality a Committee of Public Safety—ihey have gone on, step by step, grad- ually encroaching on the prerogatives of the President. We thus find the historical events of the great struggles in European Powers re- peating themselves here, with Stanton as the Danton of the present day. With the War Minister watching events at the Executive mansion, and Stevens drilling his forces in Congress, they are directing all their efforis to place Mr. Johnson in a position where he will be powerless, They realize that he is pushing forward his work of restoration, and placing the late rebellious States under the control of civil governments, leaving to Congress only the simple duty of admitting the Southero representatives to make the work of readjusi- ment complete. This duty they not only re- fuse to perform, but will not take the regpon- sibility of passing « law overturning the labor of the President in reconstructing the State governments. They denounce and aesail it, but are unwilling to send to the Executive | either @ resolution or a law enforcing their theory for him to siga or veto, knowing that if they do they place in his hands the material for him to make an issue with them before the people. The issue, when made, tiey desire to bring about in their own way and on their own conditions, President Johnson thus finds himself opposed by Congress, under # ounning and artful leader, assisted by a member of his own Cabinet. The proceedings directed by that unscrupulous coalition are all aimed at checkmating him in his work of pacification. While it is true that the radicals in Congress will not allow him a voice in their work, he nevertheless has the power to weaken their operations by dismies- ing the Marplots in his Cabinet and calling sround him men who will assist, instead of trying to defeat, the measures of his adminis- tration. He should take warning from the in- Clellan, and not be content with an apology from that official. This is too important a crisis 3 - work. The only safoty for the President is in | Progress of Constitutional Lt **t” the immediate removal of this Marplot from hig Cabinat, While holding his present position he has the power to accomplish great evil, but out of office he would become powerless. To this extent, at least, President Johnson has it within his power to check the radical dis- organizers, and it isa duty which he owes to himself as well as the country to act without delay. By so doing he will encourage and strengthen the conservative republicans in and out of Congreas, by convincing them that they will be supported in contending against the extreme faction, This move is now the master stroke for his administration, and in the Jack- sonian spirit he should avail himself of the opportunity before it is too late. The vote on the Negro Suffrage bill in the House reveals the fact that the extreme faction, under the lead of Stevens, composes only about one-third of that body. One-half of the republican party are opposed to the revolutionary schemes of Stevens and Stanton. All that is now neces- sary is prompt action upon the part of the Exeoutive to secure a final separation of those two elements, The vote referred to fur- nishes conclusive evidence that the radi- cals could soon be forced either to the aban; doximent of their-schemes'or the alternative of becoming a weak mino; legislature. A little courage and skill upon the part of the conservative republicans would have secured the:endorsement of restricted, in- stead of universal negro suffrage, for the District of Columbia. It is this courage which tbe Pre- sident has the power to infuse In Congross by the immediate overhauling of his Cabinet. in the national It must be evident to all observers of the action of Congress that the policy of the radi- cals on the question of reconsiruction is to be masterly inactivity, as fur as definite action is concerned. They will talk and bluster, intrigue and undermine the President; but they intend (o postpone a direct vote, either on the admis- sion of representatives or in establishing a mode to restore ‘he Union, until after another Congressional election. Reconstruction have already obtained power _ | to send for persons and papers, and will call ) before it every person who will give evidence which will develop an unfriendly or disloyal spirit in the South. Every little assertion of The Committee on the hot blood in the Southern States will thus be magnified, and the committee will then spread this before the public as reasons why they did not endorse the President’s policy, just in time to operate upon the elections next fall. It is by this mode of postponement on one hand and activity on the other that they intend to manufacture public opinion for the purpose of retaining power, They calculate by this course upon making their own issue before the people and placing the President upon the defensive—where it is his duty to place them. Congress are weaving around President Joha- son. ‘They are deriving material and im- portaut assistance from men in his own Cabinet. It is here that their course comes within his province and requires action on his part. The people throughout the length and breadth of our land cordially endorse This is the net which the rad cals in the President's ‘policy, They believe that his plaa of readjustment is the only one that the. iy with him that it is the duty of Congress to dis- mias the Reconstruction Committee and to go at work at once examining the individual claims of each representative askiig for a eeat from the States recently under the’control of the in- surrectionary government; thai each olaimant should be acted upon separately, and wherever a man like Maynard of Tennessee, or Marvin of Florida, who have beea Union men, stanch and true, throughout the rebellion, is found, ac- credited under the great seal of his State to Congress, he should be admiited at once. If their colleagues have been disloyal, and taken s prominent part in the rebellion, reject them at once and send them home, requesting their constituents to send unobjectionable men in their place. This at once strengthens the Union men in those States and furnishes a guarantee against the secession leaders obiain- ing control of the government. Between this plen of the President’s and that of the radicals, in rejecting both the Union and disunion parties alike, there can be no doubt of the position of the people. One divides the South into two factions and gives to the Union men the prominence and support of the government. The other unites the entire South into one party and places that party uader full control of the old secession element. It is this last point that the radicals in Congress are taboring to bring about, to justify themselves and to re- tain power. Hence the necessity of some im- mediate action of the President, such as the dismissal of all his ministers who are furnish- jog the radicals aid and comfort. It is neces- cry that whatever he does should be done at onee, or the Jacobius will have extended their ‘amifications so far that he will be powerless to errest their evil work. We submit these con- siderations to President Johnson in all serious- ness, believing that the hour has arrived for him to make his power felt. Tar Suprorrers or tae Presrpayt.—It is a curious fact that the greatest hostility against the reconstruction policy of the President comes from extreme sections of the country, or from persons and presses representing extreme views. The republican presses of New England are mostly of this type; but they are moderate in the expression of their views when compared with the radical presses in the Northwest— Chicago, for example. The newspaper presses in Richmond, Virginia, have returned to that support is but liltle better than open hostility. It is a pleasure to know, in the meantime, that the solid strength of the nation—the great line of Middle States, stretching almost continu. ously from the Atlantic to the Pacifio—are firm in their wapport of the President’s policy. The intelligemes from the Pacific coast is par- ticularly cheering, not only from the tone of ‘ven save tie O10 tthe. 1 . The most remarkable political phenomen.°” in Europe is that which we seein Italy. Tho present state of affairs in that country, viewed in contrast with its condition a few years ago and through the long night of despotism which hung over it, shows one of the most surprising revolutions in this eventful age. Italy, the most interesting country of the Old World, the garden of Europe, the cradle of civilization, the repository of art, once the grandest of nations and the ruler of the world, around which are clustered the most glorious and undying memo- rials of history, begins to feel the inspiration of its past glories and the influence of modern progress, After centuries of political and re- ligious despotism, under which all its glory and beauty were obscured, and from which no light of promise in the future could. be discerned, Italy rises again, like the phenix from its ashes, to new life. We have watched the progress of this renaigsance with deep interest for some years, and we are particularly struck with the evidence of it in a recent politioal event. Our correspondent in Italy gave us re- cently a full account of the event referred to—the defeat of the ministry in the Italian Parliament, end its prompt resignation in consequence. This circumstance shows that the voice of the people, as expressed through their representatives, is. recognized as the governing power of the country. portance of this fact will be appreciated more in Europe, perhaps, than in this country, be- cause under our form of government we hold the chief of the State—the President—respon- #ible, and not the members of his Cabinet, who are only secretaries, as they are properly called, The majority in Congress may be of a different ‘party to the President and his Cabi- net, or may hold to a different policy, and still The im- the machinery of the government goeson. We have checks and balances in the working of our institutions not found in monarchies, the election of the President every four years, and of the popular branch of Con- gress necessity of a it is in England or Italy. The ministry there is changed to suit the change of popular senti- ment as supposed to be expressed by the rep- and obviates the ministry, as every « two years, responsible resentatives; and if there be a doubt about this, or the monarch wishes to ascertain the sentiment of the people, Parliement is dis- solved and a new election held. Our repre- sentatives come fresh from the people every | two years, and we hold the President in check by an election every four years. But where the ¢fflxe of Chief of the State is hereditary or for 1.fe the only safeguard to liberty is in hay- ing a ministry that represents the views of the majority of the people. A government so or- dered is called a constitutional government, in contradistinotion to those that are absolute. Uniil lately England was the only considerable Power in Europe which had such a constitu- tional government; and even now nearly all the great Powers have not, Within a few years, however, the democratic principle of popular government has made great progress, and partioularly in Italy, The monarchs and ciety from violent shocks of anarchy but giv- ing way to the enlightened spirit of the age and demands of the people. The astute Em- peror of the Frenoh understood ibis, and saw the necessity of favoring the cause of consti- tutional liberty in Italy, in order to keep down the revolutionary fire. While he exercised des- potic authority at home, amusing the mercu- rial Frenchmen at the same time with univer- sal euffrage and the name of liberty, he saw safety only agaist revolution in Italy and its contagious influence in France in aiding the Tealians to establish a powerful constitutional kingdom. Young Italy, under the influence of such mea as Garibaldi, has taken, perhaps, greater strides and moved faster than Napoleon wished ; but the movement was irresistible. Ttaly to-day is the vanguard of the nations of continental Europe in the march of constitu- tional liberty. It is true the young kingdom has some difficultics to encounter. The most serioue, probably, is that of the finances, which gave rise to the conflict between the representatives and the ministry when the latter resigned. A deficit of sixty millions of dollars fur the eur- rent expenses of the government in time of peace is an embarrassing matter. Siill the difficulty may be overcome. A people so full of new life, hope and patriotiom are cquel to almost any emergency. The enormous army of some three hundred thousand men might be cut down perhaps with safely, and other epo- nomical reforms might be made. From the vigor with which Parliament hae commenced its session we may hope it will fiud « solution for the financial troubles of the government. A people crushed down and divided by cen- turies of despotic rule, and suddenly placed in such a novel situation, have much to learn ne- cessarily, and many embarrasements to en- counter, They are, however, on the right road to future prosperity and greatness. The peo- ple of the United States sympathize with them and watch their progress with great intovest. We should prefer to see a republic established over the classic territory of old Rome, but constitutional monarchy may be best for the Italians at present. At all events, we rejoice in the progress of liberty there, and bope the ancient glory of Italy may be restored as the consequence. Rerorm ix New Yous Crry.—A few days ago Governor Fenton sent to the Legislature a mee- sage recommending that two special commis- sioners be appointed to examine into the charges made against certain officials in this elty, and report thereon. In this sugges- tion the Governor takes one step in the right direction, and that is embraced in a proposi- tion which we have repeatedly urged upon the Legislature. The Governor, insiead of confin- ing his recommendation to the appointment of &@ commission for a special purpose, should have made the commission a little larger, and proposed that their powers should embrace « thorough supervision over every depsrimeni in the city government. In order to reach reform in this respect it is by no means neces- sary to remove heads of departments who are faithful in the discharge of their duties. It ix wise always to let well enough alone, and if we find « mupicipal officer of integrity and fidelity, competent and reliable, let him remain until suffictent cause shall arise to warrant hin temoval. We .ropeat that there is no better war to accomplish am cbicet oo desirable as im | municipal reform than by the Seaenhienditisaatenemennemeenn eed appointment of a commission of the kind we suggest, composed of responsible and irreproachable citizens, with the present Mayor at their head. There jsanother ren.“08 Why this commission should be con- structs.» It will not be many months before the peop? of the Stato will be required to take action 1." Teference to the Constitutional Convention whio."' 18 required to meet every twenty years, Tho "eforms demanded in the municipal governmsn of the metropolis will command a large share’ Of the attention of the constitutional delegates, 2nd how can the body become better informed in the matter than by reports of these responsible’ commissioners? Unless the constitutional delegates are enabled . to act advisedly and intelligently’ our citizens can scarcely realize the amount of . *ppresesion they may be subjected to, and that;\ too, by constitutional and irrepealable enactm: ‘nt. Our citizens should not cease in their efforts to pre- serve New York a free and liberal oit,v by pressing upon the Legislature the appointm nt of this supervisory commission, . . ': Fimancial Aspect of the P . Moves ments in Congress. In the ordinary affairs of life, when a servant misbehaves himself, is captious, sulky, or docs not atiend to our interest, we dismiss him. If he be found plotting sgainst us or Insolent we act more promptly in discharging hin, becausé’ our self-respect is aroused, and because his conduct has a bad effect or a contagious influ- ence upon others. We turn out directors of companies or institutions whenever we discover they are not acting in the interest of such com- panies or institutions or of those who appoint them to office. It is the same in political life. , Members of Congress, and even our Presidents, are set aside as soon the term of their office ex- pives if they prove to be unfaithful. The laws of self-preservation and moral right make ‘this the rule of life. Why, thon, should not Preal- dent Johnsdn act in the same way with regard to his Ca¥inet, if the mombers do not suit him or do not behave themselves? There appears to be no doubt that some of the |. members of the Cabinet have been unfaithful to him and opposed to his Southern restoration policy. How many of them were so or what was the extent of their complicity with the Jaco- bin conspiracy against him, we are unable to say. We have reason to believe several of them were guilty of such treachery. One, at least, was unmasked. Stanton’s affiliation with those who are making bitter war on the Presi- dent became notorious in political circles. The conduct of Stanton in the late affuir about withdrawing the troops from the South shows he was acting in concert with the radicals, and in opposition to both the President and General Grant. No one seems to doubt now that he was atthe bottom of the attempt to bring scandal upon Mr. Johnson some time ago through his man Friday, detective Baker. Many other reported acts of bad faith and hostility toward the President might be cited, to which the general conduct and bearing of the Secretary give a strong color of truth. While it is impossible to say how fur he may be guilty of some of these charges, or to what extent he is involved in the revolutionary measures of the Jacobin club at Washington, one thing is certain, and that is, he is not in heart the President; in fact, he soted. ‘ him; and Mr. Johnson pre agen pacts the language of Christ, “He who is not with me is against me; and he thet with me scattereth abroad.” To sy ox- tent was this treacherous hostility carried in the War Department end other departments that we sre credibly informed the clerks, in many cases, dare not express adiiration of the Pres!- dent and his policy from fear of losing their places. While that would nothe made a charge against them, and they would be dismissed apparently for something else, the real cause would be their known sympathy with the President's policy. They are aware Mr. Jobn- fon could not investigate their indi vidual com- plaints if dismissed, and hence they keep « discreet silence. Incredible as this might seem to some, we are assured by good au- thority it is true, What a commentary is this upon the situation of the President! In his own political housebold to be surrounded by enemies! Jacobins at the council board! The Jatobin ciub having spies and agents in the Cabinet chamber, and holding a tod of terror over the employes of the government! Can this be so? Is not this @ too highly colored picture? Wo fpiagine wo hear our astoftsheid readers ask. No, it is the naked trath; aud it is a trath which shows the urgent necessity of making a clean sweep of alvin the Cabinet and in the departments who are not heart and soul with the Prosident in bis policy. , The country in ils @boormal condition re- quires the most skiiful ireatment to bring it to @ permanently healthy state. It is» giant full of latent vitality, with ils system disartanged. The President is an abic physician, who ander- stands the case and who hes sppliod the pro- per romedies; but vusoriuoately dhereoare others—quacks and visionary theoriste—who have # hand in italso, His healing measures they attempt to obslruct for thelr own selfish ends, We have yet to see what will be the result, We are not without bope, but cannot iguore the fact tat there is some cause for fear. The course of Mr. Johnson during the months between the death of Mr, Lincoln to the meet- ing of Congrets, both in our domestic and foreign policy, raised the hopes of the people and gave the United States the most elevated position in the eyes of foreign nations. The smoke of the most terrible war was scarcely cleared away when an era of good feeling set in. The South frankly accepted the resulis of + the war, the North was disposed to be magnenf- mous, and commercial intercourse began rap- idly to resume ite infuenes over both sections. This extraordinary spectacle of reeuperative power and approach toward well estab- lished harmony astonished the world. The message. of the President flew over of peace, onpasition ta ta p.evell lena. cleom will ovate