The New York Herald Newspaper, January 2, 1866, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, OFFICE N. W. CORNKR OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. TERMS cash in advance. Money sent by mail will be ‘atthe risk of the sender. None but bank bills current in New York taken. THE DAILY HERALD, published every day in the year, Foor cents per copy. Annual subscription price, $14. THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at Five Annual subscription price:— cents per copy. Any larger number addressed to names of subscribers $1 50 cach. An extra copy will be sent to every club ‘often. Twenty copies to one address, one year, $25, and any larger number at same price, An extra copy will be sent to clubs of twenty. These rales make the Wasxrr Herarp the cheapest publication in the country. Postage five cents per copy for three months. ‘The Evrorray Epon, every Wednesday, at Six cents per copy, $4 per annum to any part of Great Britain, or $6 to any part of the Continent, both to include postage. Tho Catirorsia Epitioy, on the Ist and 16th of each month, at Sex cents per copy, or $3 per annum ApvertisEwants, toa limited number, will be inserted inthe Wex«ty Huratp, the European and California Editions. NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence. We do not return rejected communications. Volume XXXT...........0.46 sateen AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BROADWAY THEAT! adway.—Mose—Sam. W YORK THEATRE, Nos. 728 MOOL FOR SCANDAL. LUCY RUSHTON’ ‘and 730 Broadway. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Bowery. —Sina- ING, Dancinc, Burtxsques, &0.—Tae Vicia. GEORGE CHRISTY’S MINSTREL! © Oup Scmoon ov Minstartsy, BaLtaps, Musioat Gi at the Fifth Avenue Opern’ House, and 4 West Twenty-fourth st. ‘Tae Biack Stator. ‘S. 37 a Acronatio Bowery.—Mauee- NEW NATIONAL CIR 2 ett Tux ConcKun © AND NSTRELS, 585 Broadway, opposite ETHIOPIAN SINGING, DANCING, &C.— >OMIQU Lope Chapel, 72) Broadway.— : es, Brave! Lirik, BALLERS AND TIGHT Rors, GRAND STREET THEATRE, corner of Grand and Crosby .—Drama, P. LukT HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, Brooklyn.—Erurortay Mise arauisy—Bacaps, Buruusques axp PaNxrourmes. NEW YORK MUSEUM Open from 10.A. M. till ip ! CLINTON TA Mexuens oF Tus O# ANATOMY, 615 Broatway.— New York, Tuc: Receipts of Sales of the New York Daily Newspapers. OFFICAL. Year Ending Name of Papes Mey 1, 1865. Hewacv. 2,095,000 ‘Times. 368,150 Tribune. %52,000 169,427 100,000 151,079 90,548 New Yor Herarp Times, Tribune, World and Sun combined., 871,229 THES NIWS. The first day of the new year was an ugly one indeed. Daring the night previous a drizzling rain began to.all, and continued unremittingly during the entire day. Nevertheless our citizens turned ont quite in force, and Bumerous callg.were made in consonance with the old custom. The Warden of the Tombs and a number of charitable persons gave a dinner to the inmates of the City Prison, Five hundred and twenty iumates were feasted at a table laden with all the creature comforts, which they devoured with keen relish. The day wax celebrated on Blackwell's Island by the discharge of over two hundred persons detained there on various charges In the suburban cities of the metropolis the old Knicker: boeker custom was well kept up, particularly in Brook- lyn, where the streets were all alive with callera. ‘The custom is extending southward, and at Baltimore was observed more generally than ever before. The day was celebrated in the “ Hub” as the anniversary of emane! pation Tho first New Year's reception of President Johuson, in epite of rain and weather, was largely attended. The foreign ministers and their attacues attended in fall court res, 41! the members of the Cabinet, the justices of the Supreme Court of the United States, and otber pro- minem civil officers, together with Senators and Repre sentatives, aleo paid their usual annual visit, The offi- cers of the army, pavy and marine corps, in foll uni- form, were similarly received. After the general recep- tion at the Executive Mansion the colored citizens were admitted, for the first time in our bistory, and paid their Tespects to the President. Genora! Grant, all the members of the Cabinet, except- ing Secretary Seward, who is absent from Washington, and other goverament officers, and the Mayor and many Private cititon®, received their friends. ‘The new city government was Cully organized yester- day, without diMeulty or delay. The Mayor was swern im at goon, and immediately thereafter began to receive his frends at his office in the Cjty Hall. They were legion, and the reception passed off pleasantly. Board of Aldermen met, and organized by the of John Price President, and D. T. Valentine The Mayor's message, which will be found on page, Was received, read and ordered to be iffe I The Board of Councitmen also organized without much discussion, by electing Mr, J. Wilson Green President aod‘Edward M. Hagerty Clerk. The Mayor's message was also received by this body, and one thousand copies ordered to b> privted, after which the Board adjourned tii! Monstay. The city governments of Philadelphia, Boston and many other municipalities throughout the country were reorganized yesterday, and commenced the new year with new oxecutive and legislative officers, Tn the caucus of the republican members of the State last evening, it was unani- Lyman Tremain as the re- publican candidate for Speaker of the House. The Gemocratic caucus called at the same hour was post poned on account of the slim attendance, Tn answer to late resoitions of the House of Repre- sentatives Secretary Seward has submitted to that body certain correspondence with the Mexican Minister at Washington and the French Minister of Foreign Affairs which throws considerable light upon the character of the system of slavery proposed to be tatroduced in Mexico by Maximilian, and also the nature of tue opin« fons on the subject held by the law officers of onr gov. eroment. The Minister of the Mexica® republic, M Romero, explains that Maximiiian’s system provides for the binding of working men for not leas than Ove nor more than ten years to masters to be Known a8 patrons on torms really making the slavery thus instituted per petual and bereditary. The decreo has snth off*neive provisions as an article against fagitive slaves and the absorption by the public treasury of all property of such workingmen as die intestate, Mr. Seward, in comment ing on this decree in a letter of instructions to Mr. Bige- low, says that the administration has diseussed its ea. tures and decided that ita tendency is to reduce the workingmen into 4 condition of peom slavery, This opinion had been communicated to the French Minister, ‘The commission of gentlemen from the Southora - . NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, JANUARY 2, 1866, . States of this country appolated to proceed to Brazil and examine into its eligtbility a8 a favorable region for our dissatisfied rebels to eettle in, had returned te: Rio Ja- neiro, in the beginning of this mogth, from their explo- rations in the southern provinces of the empire, and were very sanguine regarding the locating of several thousand Southern families there. There are serious difficulties, however, in the way of this wholesale immi- gration movement, the Brazilians generally not looking on it favorably, and there being, besides, a prospect of the early abolition of slavery in the empire, thus depriv- ing our Southern brethren of one of the principal privi- lezes which they expected to be able to continue to enjoy by ‘their expatriation. Our correspondence from the Brazilian capital, publisied this morning, contaizs much interesting information relative to this matter and the progress of the river Plato war. By our dates of Novem- ber 19 it appears that the Paraguayan army, which had been concentrated in Corrientes, had retreated further into the mountainous interior, Their new position be- hind the defences of Humaita is represented to be vory strong. The allicd army followed the retreating forces, and were preparing for the attack upon the new position ofthe enemy. Reinforcements were being forwarded up the Parana river to the allied forces. The question of the future status of the freedmen of the South and the systematizing of free labor receives a new aspect with the coming year. It appears from our Charleston and other correspondence, which we pub- lish’ this morning, that the Freedmen’s Bureau has been for some time past, organizing a new system of labor, in which all the guarantees. are not on the part of the em- ployer. The freedmen are now required to give assurances of good faith in the performance of their duties and the observance of their eontracts. Wé publish a copy of the contract which each freedman in South Carolina is required to enter into with his employer, together with, @ letter from the rebel General Pillow, showing the | success of his efforts in working a force of four hundred of them. An order from General Fisk extending the supervision of the Freedmen’s Bureau to the newly freed State of Kentucky is also given and will be found of grave interest Early yesterday morning a party of five men who had doen out to inaugurate the new year enterad the lager deer saloon No. 149 Messurole street, Willlamsburg, and called for drinks. The barkeeper, perceiving that they bad been indulging in strong drink rather freely, refused to comply with their demands, when ove of the party, named John Shurnott, who had a loaded musket in his hand, levelled it at the barkecper, pulled trigger, and shot him through the heart, causing instant death. The party then escaped, but wero subsequently arrested by the police of the Forty-sixth precinct. The murdered matt was named John Weofchuer, and was twenty-two years of age, The January term of the General Sessions formally commenced yesterday, but of course no business was transacted, The Court was opened and immediately ad- journed till this morning, when the grand and petty jurors swnmoned for yesterday will aitend. Judge Russel will preside this month. The Coroner's jury which beld an inquest on the bodies of Mr. and Mrs. MoGaghey, found dead in their apartments in the tenement house No, 597 Grand street, have discovered that death resulted from gas gencrated by astove in the room, Itis stated that a Mr. Hunt, brother of the agent of the house, bad inserted a flat stone across the chimney of the room of the deceased, thus cutting off the draught, in order to forco them to va. cate the premises. The jury is to continue its examina- tion at clevea o'clock this morning. In a general free fight, which occurred iu Thirly-vighth street, near Tenth avenue, on New Year's morning, Ber- nard McEthoue was dangerously stabbed by Caspor Hover. The latter, as well as Anthony Cusman, Henry Schugol, Peter Morris, John Horne and Nicholas Jacks, ‘Was arrested and committed. The O'Mahony faction of the Fenians hold a congress at Clinton Hall, commencing to-day. Its purpose isto endorse Mr, O’Mahony’s course as President of the Irish republic, Eight of the Philadelphia circles which will ve Tepresentet have already done this, The steamer Jumes S. Brady collided with the tug E. H. Nelster in the Patapsco riveron Saturday last, the former recviving considerable injury. The United States steamer South Carolina, with tbe new steamer Neshaminy in tow, arrived yosterday at this port from Philadelphia We have news from Nicaragua to December 16. Some exeltement had been created throughout that couatry by reported successes at tho Chontales gold mines, and a great emigration was anticipaied on tho announcement of these sucvesses, The bodies of Captain Thompson, wife and daughter, American residents of Bluefieids, who were reported in our late correspondence from Graytown as drowned during a heavy gale on the Mosqnito coast, have been revovered, The King of the Mosquito country is dead. Colonel S. A. Gi!bert and Captain P. C. F. West, United States Coast Survey, doaignated by the President, at the request of the resident of the republic of New Granada, to survey the Magdalena river, arrived at Panama on December 19, and were to proceed immediately to Santa Martha, Some additional particulars regarding the suicide of Richard Owens et Boston, of which we gave an account vesterdyy morning, state that the suictde was coanected with Booth ia the piot to assassinate Prosideat Lincoln The French Troops in Mexico—Their Mission and the freedom of the Popu- lar Will. There are twenty-five thousand French troops in Mexico, and France is adding to their niun- ber ail the time. Searcely a steamer comes from Vera Cruz but. reports the arrival there of bodies of European soldiery. Various reasons have been given for the presence of these for- eigu troops in the territory of our sister repub- lic. At first we were told that they were there to secure the rig'its of Earopean creditors. Mexico, with a population of eight million per- sons, owed forty million dollars in Europe. She made a declaration that she could not at- tempt to pay any portion of it for two years, and straightway Great Britain, France and Spain landed troops at Vera Cruz and took the debior into custody. Mexico made a satisfac- tory arrangement of her debts, and Great Britain and Spain withdrew; but the French troops remained in the' country. The protext rn at being no lgnger tenable, we have site had intimations that the French troops hows in Mexico to sustain the Latin race again’ tho Anglo-Saxon in this hemisphere, the Latin race having already all of South and Central America and a large slice of North America, against a partial occupation of North Awcrica by the aforesaid Anglo-Saxons. Another reason given tor the presence of French troops in Mexico is that they aro there to secure certain rights, not of European cred- {tors or of the Latin race, but of the Mexican people. The principal of these is the right of the Mexicans to express their opinions freely in election and to choose @ rnler. A European Emperor sends an army three or four thousand miles to secure freedom to the people of an American republic. No one takes the pains to tell us who it was that was likely to deprive the Mexicans of this great right when the French came in. Per- haps it was Benito Juarez, though it is bard to see how he could have deprived them of that right, since the French journals assure us he is & person without any power or influence. But, not to inquire too particularly into these pointa, we must recognize in this French intervention between the Mexican peop'e and no one knows who--a lofty view of international justice--a view worthy the high character of the Emperor of France, who bas informed the world that he is one of its Messiahs. The presence of French troopa having se cared the right of choice to the Mexican peo- ple, they chose that their country should no longer be a republic, but an empire, and that Maximilian should be thoir Emperor. This was handsome on the part of the Mexioans. Maximilian was the candidate of the French, end as the Freaoh hed sequred to the Moxicans the inestimable right of free choice, the Mox- icans in return could not do less than choose the man they knew would be moat acceptable to France—especially as there was no other candi- date. And here there is a little difficulty. With- out questioning the sincerity of Franoe or the purity of ber intentions in all this matter, we would inquire whether she went to work tn the best way to secure an impartial choice: Is the occupation of a country by troops the most certain way to establish the freedom of thought and action? Is not the presence of an army likely to prejudice choice one way or the othert We bave already seen that the national polite- ness of the Mexicans toward their friends from France would have gome effect in this way. And we are convinced that it is just possible the Mexicans might have preferred some other man to the illustrious Max if the arnties of Napoleon had been kept at home. Europe has some good ideas as to the effect of military occupation on popular sentiment, In Europe it is believed that the presence of troops inclines public sentiment to the views of ‘the nation whose soldiers hold the country. This has been seen in the occupation of Rome. There are French troops there, and it is gener- ally supposed that but for the effect their pre- sence bas had on the people Italy would have driven out some time ago the poor old Pope. Germany furnishes another instance. The Ger- man confederation is made up of two great governments and a number of small ones, and the federal army is supplied in about three equal parts, of which one is Aus trian and another Prussian, the third part being supplied by all the smaller States together. Now the confilct of opinion that is always in progress throughout the German States is between Austrian and Prus- sian influence. The struggle for the supremacy of influence on the part of these Powers origi- nates nearly all the complications of German politics, and it bas been observed that wher- ever in the distribution of federal garrisons there is a large number of Prussian to the exclusion of other troops, there Prussian in- fluence prevails. Where there are Austrian troops, in the same way the admiration of Austria runs high. The observation of this has made necessary munch caution in the post- ing of federa! troops; and it wili be noticed that while minor points are equally divided vetween the paramount Powers, important places are held in common, with equal forces. For securing the real freedom of the people and a positively impartial expression of opinion we believe that this German plan is wuch preferable to the plan tried by the French in Mexico. We suggest its application in thut country. Not feeling quite certain that the Mexicans would have elected Maximilian Emporor if they had had their own way abont it, we call upon our government to make some arrangement by which the election can be had over again, under more favorable circam- stances, The twenty-five thousand French troops are very well to secure freedom, but they would be better if assisted and balanced by twenty-five thousand United States troops. Let us try it that way. Perhaps, with equal bodies of Frenchmen and Americans looking on, the Mexicans might elect as their ruler the puppet of a European game, but we are not yet ready to believe it. | The New City Adminisiration—The Mayor’s Message. Our new city administration was organized yesterday. In connection with the proceedings thereof, the inaugural message to the Common Council of the new Mayor, John T. Hoffman, wil! be found exceedingly interesting reading to our city taxpayers and all others interested in such visionary projects ag retrenchment and reform. Mayor Hoffman’s opening message, like those of all his illustrioas predecessors, reminds us of the old adage of the new broom. With few exceptions, bis staiaments, statistics, explanations and recommendations, and the general drift and spirit of his report, are good. He challenges our confidenge in such an ami- able snd convincing way that it is hard to resist him; but wo also find it hard to resist in some thiags the idea of Senator Sumner, as applied to another matter, that this report, like poor Pierce’s defensive message on Kansas, “is a whitewashing document.” Mayor Hoffman promites to do the very best that he can for us. aud we hope and Selieve that he will, He thinks the city shouid be por- mitted to choose its own officers and carry on its own government—a proposition which, prima facie, seems to be unanswerable. But expericnve is the mother of wisdom, and our experience under our City Fathers of the leat thirty years has from year to year suggested the necessity of a helping haed from the Legis- lature more and more, until at last a very large proportion of our taxpayers would hail a well balanced metropolitan commisston, with a re- sponsible head centre, as a godsend. Second-. ly, Mayor Hoffman holds that the Mayor of New York should be “clothed with power com- tmeusurate with his responsibilities,” which isa fair proposition. But he gays further that “a concentration of power and of responsibility should be the end and sim of all legislation relating to ite (the city’s) government,” and that it is “the division of power and the divi- sion of responsibility which cause all, or near- ly all. of our municipal evils.” This is true; and we think we bave bad quite enough of a system of division of powers and disburse- ments, under which our cgrupt “rings” have carried on, and may carry on, their spoliations without stint, and snap their fingers at investi- gating committees. We want « city govern- ment with a responsible clef executive officer and a subordinate cabinet, like that of the ex- ecutive government at Washington; but we do not want the heads of departments as the mere creatures of the Common Council. We want something better and safer than that sysem of “tings” and spoils and plunder. ‘The local tax levy of 1865 of this “tight little istand” was $18,309952, or five millions more than the whole anual expenditure of the government of the United States ander John Quincy Adams. This is pretty steep; but there is some comfort in the Mayor's esti- mates of a retrenchmpat for 1966 to the extent of four milliows. Wo think, with & little honest assistarce from the Logis- lature, it may be made five or six millions; bat between the “rings” of thie city and the Albany lobby we are net sanguine of any re- duction whatever. The Mayor's items of the increase in the levy of Inst year, and his.ex- town are worthy of consideration, as are also bis views ia reterence to thé Gity property and improvements, wharves and markets, stroot cleaning (barring the Brown, Devoo and Knapp contracts), sanitary matters, vewernge, &c. His appeal in. behalf of official Adelity, zeal, honesty, and all that, is also very good. In brief, bis message is calculated to create a good impreasion in favor of our new Mayor ; bat still the evils to which he refers can only be remedied by a thorough-going reconstruc- tion of our municipal government from top to bottom. In view of this essential work of re- form we are gratified to believe that Mayor Hoffman cannot be considered at Albany as an impediment, but as a Mayor who will | answer the purpose. The World's Fair tn Parts. The proposed universal exposition of the products and arts of all nations in Paris will be, undoubtedly, the most complete and grand exhibition ever witnessed. Our World’s Fair and the world’s fairs of other countries will sink into insignificance in.comparison. It will eclipse even the great London International Exposition. The French government and people, realiz- ing the vast importance of it to their com- merce, are making the most astonishing efforts to surprise the world with the excellence and variety of their productions. No people, it must be confesséd, know how to do this better than they do, if as well, They have exquisite taste, and can transform poor materials or in- different objects into attractive ones. They are, at the same, time, most ingenious, inventive, artistic and geientific. Their cosmopolitan ideas and policy, too, enable them to attract and appropriate the intellectual achievements of the rest of mankind. Italian art or English and American science becomes naturalized or adapted in France, and thus becomes in a man- ner French. The same may be said of the dis- coveries or superior productions of other coun- tries, We can readily imagine, then, what ex- traordinary opportunities France will have at the Paris Exposition. The liberal encourage- ment and energy of the government in the matter, th+ ambitious rivalry and commercial interests ot the French people, and the loca- tion of the exposition at Paris, the centre of both French und European art, will give to France very decided advantages. But the other nations of Europe are alive to the importance of making the best show pos- sible. Each one has some peculiar excellence in manufactures, arts or natural productions which they will not fail to exhibit. We can imagine that now there are thousands of inventive heads and skilled hands hard at work in England, Italy, Germany and other coun- tries, 28 well as in France, preparing for the greai occasion. It will be competition on the grandest scale for the highest prize—that is, for the mariccts or the trade of the world. It will be a great show shop for all nations to gaze at and study, That one which produces the best silk manufactures, or cloth, cotton or any other manufactures, will be apt to get the custom, prices and other things being equal. So of machinery, works of art,:or raw materials, The rivalry, consequently, will be very great. Other important advantages will be derived from this universal exposition beside those accruing to the trade of different nations. It will be a great scbool, a sort of polytechnic, where one may learn from the other and all be improved. 1: merits the heartiest encourage- ment from the people of every country. No one will begrudge the immense profit Paris will derive from the crowds of visitors who will visit it on that occasion, and the vast amouut of money that will be spent there, for the great city 1s worthy of it, and the whole world will be benefited. The question, however. which more imme- diately coneerns us is, what sort of representa- tion are we going to make there? How will the United States stand in comparison with other nations before the eyes of the assembled world? That is the paramount question for us to consider. It is to be hoped every Aw in whe possesses any capacity for in- veution or execution in art or science, or for bringiag out our best natural productions, will apply is to bimself individually, and work like a Hereutes for his own honor and the credit of his country. We labor under many disadvan- tages, but the energy aad talents of our people can overeome many of these. We are at a great distance from Paris; we do not feel the stimulating induence of those there and those who are much nearer; the conversations and publications about the great event scarcely or rarely reach us, and we see and hear less of the preparations for it. Those in the immediate aéighborhood have their minds more directed to it and necessarily become more stimulated. Then we are not 80 adyanced in the art of mana- facturing the thousand little things which fill up so much and prove so altractive at these expositions, We could not compete with Europe in articles of elegant bijouleric, of virtu, of ornament, or of certain kinds of fine manu- factures; and although we bave commenced a new era in the fine arts and have some works of the highest order, we cannot make much show beside the nations of the old continent. In those things which give us @ pre-eminence we cannot be represented at any world’s fair. Our vast continent, with ils varied and teeming re- sources, cannot be repfesented. The vigor of thirty-five millions of hardy, brave and indus- trious people, subduing the wilderness and making it blossom as the rose, cannot be rep- resented. The spirit and ambition of the People, the unequalled military power of the nation, the character of our imstitutions, which elevate men so much and which diffuse be represented. The religious sentiment, gen- eral high standard of morality and domestic virtue of the mass of our native born and well established community cannot be represented. Many other things in which we excel every other nation are not capable of representation ata world’s fair. We may suffer depreciation, therefore, in the eyes of the mass of superficial observers, while in reality we stand first asa people in all that concerns the substantial well being of society. Still we ought to make the best appearance at the Paris Exposition. Our interests and the honor of the country behoove us to do so. Therw are many things in which we can rival Burope, and some for which we can obtain the the works of our rising artists be there ; and we think no nation will produce s finer picture of grand natural scenery than Church’s “Heart of the Andes.” It is impossible to enumerate the many things we can and ought to send to the Exposition, or of those in which we may expect to excel. Thousands will be thought of bya people so active and of such various tastes and pursuits. All we can ssy is, begin early, begin everywhere, and work in earnest for the great event ; for nations will be judged good deal by what appearance they make there, and it is not probable that such an event or opportunity will occur again for along time. The Capital of Ireland in Union Square— ‘The Fenian Fissle. Not many months ago there was an organiza- tion of Irishmen in this country so considerable as to excite the apprehensions of a govern- ment three thousand miles away. That or- was not merely respectable, but, THE STATE CAPITAL. Arrival of the Members of a the Legislature. Unusual Harmony Bxisting Among Our Legislators. Lyman Tremain the Republican Candi- date for Speaker. ASPECT OF THE COMMITTEES. ] &c. &c. &c. Dur Special Albany Despateh. Araany, Jan. 1, 1668, ‘The great body of the members of both houses of the whether viewed in regard to its elements or | Legislature arrived hore to-day. The utter absence of its objects, it was justly entitled to be great, Itis no hyperbole to say that it had the called | ® °Pposition party prerents a very curious aspect of these bodies. So very harmonious a condition of things can hardly be expected to continue to the end of the ees- sworn fealty of larger number of men th@@ | sion. Just now this one-sided uniformity conduces toe have been massed in any single army in | state of dulness, offering very little material Of interest modern times; and they are men whom -mili- | ‘r ny purpose. tary experts would declare the best material | ‘in.¢ second class wirepullers and lobby men have made of which soldiers gan be made. It had the quite an effort to-duy to get up acontest about the Speak- earnest wishes and the ready contribution of | ership, by way of/ making themaclves of somo moment the whole living generation of Irish emigrants in this country, as well as of the children born Quite stir was started ‘about the prospects of Hoskine in opposition to Tremain; byt when the caucus met in the Assembly Chamber to-night Mr. Hoskins here of generations of Irish emigrants that) iso immediate occasion to withdraw his name, and have passed away. Never were Pe! paid with such fervent good and women paid their hard-earned subscrip- tions to the Fenian fund. The object of the organization was to overthrew British rule in pence | nominated Tremain, which course was endorsed by ac- will as Irish men | clamation. The wirepullors found themselvos at fault, ‘and the aspect of the session at once developed itsert, HARMONY AMONG THE REPUBLICANS. ‘The idea of any fight as between tho Weed and Seward interest against any other in the Union party will have Ireland, and in their aspirations for the free- | to be developed in some other connection. I have every dom of their country and their hatred of am ; reason to arrogant and tyrannical power these men had the sympathy of the whole American people— @ sympathy that would have shown that our neutrality laws are as easily evaded as are those of Great Britain. The Fenian Brotherhood had money enough to begin with, plenty of men, and a fair field before it. Under competent leaders it might have made itself a great name, and it would not by any means be the most wonderful thing in bistory if it had accomplished its ob- ject. Bat it had foolish leaders, and the greatest power ever organized for the benefit of Ireland was squandered. Spendthritt sim- pletons fritiered 11 away until there is only enough left to laugh at. By such operations as the establishment of the Union square head- quarters they set on their movements the stamp of humbug and folly. They gave notice that their alleged object was not their real object; that they had very little thought for Ireland and a great deal of thought for themselves, and that they would be abun- know that, since the municipal election in New York city last montb, thers has been a great change de- veloped in What was the Weed and Greely contest, and which has had g@ uch prominence hitherto, Weed has the Tammany Hall democral’, was, 18 af cepted the views of Governor Fenton, aud the plas dis. cussed in the party for treating the city government and the political organizations of New York. THE KELEY FACTION. The course of the Greeley fuction in the munictpal election, aud their unnatural combination with the Woods and the exploded secession interest, has had a very strong influence in the interior of the State. It has confirmed the repudiation of the Greeley intorest and otherwise consolidated the party. This is the secret of the unanimity in the caucus to-night... Littlejohn, who was to havo been the Wood and Seward candidate, was withdrawn a month ago. The discussion about Hoskina was a mere personal demonstration, in which the Weed interest was only concerned at its conclusion in dictatiog his withdrawal, like that of Littlejohn. I venture to predict that any serious rapture or divi- sion in the party will be postponed until the business im regard to New York city legislation is disposed of by a thorough revision of the charter and county govern- ment. ‘TUK UNITRD STATES SENATORSUTP. The United States Senatorship, the most serious sub- dantly satisfied with the result of their labors if | Ject of the contention between the cliques, does not the homage and admiration of their deluded followers would sufficiently flatter their vanity and pay their bills. All he world knows very well, and has plenty of examples to show, that earnest purpose never makes parade of its power—does not hope or try'to carry things by bluster, and does not strike attitudes and boast of what it will do, but goes and dows it, Cyrus the younger was a practical Fenian. He organized in a foreign country, and at a distance, in fact, greater than the width of the Atlantic, an expedition against the empire of Persia. He marched bis force into his enemy’s country, and fought a great battle for his pur- pose. The Fenian struggles will never be classed in history with the expedition of Cyrus. But the Irish capital in Union square has one historical parallel. It is exactly like that farcical capital of England that was estab- lished in France, at St. Germain, by the Cheva- lier St. George, otherwise known as the Pre- tender. It was inconvenient for this piece of royalty to have his capital at London, as his head would not bave been safe there, since the country seemed agreed that George, some time of Hanover, was the real king. But there were hot heads and stout hearts that preferred that Stuart; and there is now no doubt that there was a time when thai Stuart, striking in the right way, might have been king, and gone into England with an army,and Marl- borough at the head of it. “The Pretender,’ however, did not see the lime. He was too busy with bis toy—his capital of England at St. Germain. There he lorded it over a court of more or less brilliancy. There he made and unmade ministers and d such @ secre- tary as Bolingbroke. There he ruled a realm just large enough for his abilities, and the Fenian leaders do the same in Union square, Samant, We Have rox Cuovera on Some Oraen Dreapyur. Disease ww New Yorn !— We ask this question seriously, as the accu- mulated filth in the streets of this city gives us reason to apprehend some fearful disease as soon as the severe cold weather shall begin to pase away. It cannot be otherwise if the street cleaning contractors do not attend to their duties better than they have done, or if thero be not some means of compelling them to do so, We may pass through the very cold Weather without such a disaster, for the frost and snow have s tendency to check malarious or infectious diseases ; but the winter is ad- vancing rapidly, and we shall soon have rains victims Who will be responsi- may be powerless to act. If the contractors | and economy in legislation There must be ho abandonme: have no conscience as to their duty,or as to | \a the late contest and settled hy its result macy of the federal government must be aneredly main- tained, and as members of the great and which to-day exists triumphant in every State in the Union, we moet see to 1) that in the deaths that may be caused by their guilty negligence, we see no way of reaching then but through indignant public opinion. We again thanked Uvowe before aim for the compliment coa- * In the nomination. follown come on the board until next year. I have good reasoa to know that the aspect of that question as it presented will be materfally changed as to Weed and Seward, pro- vided the latter continues in the Cabinet and is note candidate bimeself. While insisting that Weed had personally no hand in the contost here about the Speakership, I do not over- has prevailed about it in the corridors of the Delavan House for twenty-four hours, ‘Tuk HOUSE COMMITTERS. The aspect of the committoes may be reasonably judged from the result of this contest, The usage which would place Hoskins in the position of chairman of Ways aud Means will not be insisted upon, and either Cities or Railroads will be bis probable post. The leader- ship as chairman of Ways and Means will probably de- volve on C. B, Cochrane; Judge Selden will be chairmam Of the Judiciary; Littlejohn has an absorbing interest im his great project of @ Niagara ship canal, and is presum. ed to look for the leading place on the Ganai Committee, this being contested, however, by Dan Wood, who is the representative not only of the Canal Board, but also of the radicals, for Cities, TOR SENATE CoMIITRR. A variety of interesting points are developing in the Senate. The re election of Senator Andrews signifies aa able treatment of New York city matters. His roap- pointment as chairman of Cities will bea matter of his own option, alihough it would be a well deserved rebuke to the New York reformers who abused bim so unjustly to have him decline to serve, The force of duty will, however, compel bim to assume the great work now fairly within view of completing some thorough and simple reorganization of the metropolis this winter. Senator White, of the last Senate, whose expericace and intelligence were tested on the Investigation Com- mittee, will doubtless resume his position on Cities with Senator Andrews. Lent, of New York, and Pierson, of Brooklyn, will also go on this committee. Street Com- missioner Cornel! and Ben Wood are supposed to have influence enough to keep each other out of this com- mittee. 0 ven eey The idea of placing one democrat on every Coramitter is finpracticable, as there are but few democratic Senators, and the most that can be expected is that thoy will bave one a piece to attend to, Low, Stadford and Murphy are mentioned for chair- man of Railroads, with the probebilities in favor of Low. ‘This indicates a look on the part of the radicals to rail- toed legislation in their own interest. Folger will be chairman of the Judiciary, sessions of Finance and Pier- son of Commerce. The further speculations on the Seqete organization are Not sufficiently matured. Terwilliger is Clerk without « competitor in the Senate, as Cushman is in tife Assembly. The Press Despatch. Aces, Jan. 1, 18966 REPUBLICAN Catcoa. In the Union Senatorial caucus Jamen Trrwilliger was Dominated for Clerk, Captain Arthur Hotchkiss for ‘Sergeant.at-Arms, Sanders Wilson for Postmaster and H. B. Young for Doorkeeper; Frank M. Jones, Nathaniet Sazton and August Wagner, Assistant Doorkeepers, The chairman, Senator Folger, appointed as « caucus com- mittee Messrs. Low, Cornell and Leut. The caucus thee At seven o'clock the Union Assembly cavcus was called to order by KE. 1. Pitts, of Orleans, on whose motion Daniel Wood, of Onondaga, was chosen chair- man. On motion of Mr. Cochrane, Job |. Parker, of Caraga, and James Thora, of Rensselaer, were chosen secretarien, is i i : i H a i try he ) elected it would be his aim to a the honor tod aignty of the Site and the imterosts of the party with which ho waa itted. (Cheers ) baer pe mph before him on the improved coo- dition of the country and the abolition of stay: The country was burdened with « heavy debt, and iv ere absolutely gecosnary. ‘ut of the doctrines involved ‘The supre- patriotic party (Repeated No backward steps shoaid be taken in the Uberty and homan rights He inted to cal! fatare , Palmer, Hoskins aad rned. boen positively divorééa from bis former alliances with : ral, 2 has, \e appias, sem itself when Governor Fenton was a candidate last year * thing out of their contract, bat we cannot suffer the pablic health to be endangered by careleqsness ot heartlogs infidelity. ’ look the fuss which, like the clamor of a brokers’ board, =