The New York Herald Newspaper, September 4, 1865, Page 4

4 NEW. YORK HERALD. sepa a eR JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, OPrios N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU BTS. net TERMS cash in advance. Money sent by mail will be at the risk of the gender. None dut bank bills current in Now York taken. THE DAILY HERALD, published every day in the year, Four cents per copy. Annual subscription price, $14. THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at Five ents per copy. Annual subscription price Postage (ive cents per copy for three months. Any larger number addressed to names of subscribers $1 50 cach. An extra copy will be sent to every club of ten. Twenty copies to one address, one year, $25, and any larger number at same price. An extra copy will bo sent to clubs of twenty. These rates make the ‘Wusaxr Henan the cheapest publication in the country. ‘Tho Evaormas Epmion, every Wednesday, at Six cents (per Copy, @@ per ansium to any part of Great Britain, or 96 wo any part of the Continent, both to include postage. § ghe Cataronsta Eprmiox, on the Ist and 16th of each ‘month, at Sux cents per copy, or $3 per annum. Apvextusannrs, to a limited number, will be inserted inthe Weaciy Herat, the European and California . No. 247 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Araan NA Pogue; OR, wus Wioxiow Weppine. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Macsera. BOWERY THEATRE, SBowery.—Mysrentms or Can yoo Asamr—Dice or Deata. NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Oruxt.o—Sot. pixa's Rerorn—Goop ror Noraina. ( IRVING HALL, Irving place.—Aursuvs Warp Amonc rux Monwows, WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 514 Broadway.—Ermiortax Sonos, Danoxs, 40.—Tax Cuaitence Dance—Tacenr Ar- Pevoiarep, £0. SAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS, 585 Broadway, opposite Metropolitan Hotel.—Eruiorian Sincina, Danoixa, &c.— ‘Tus Wine Cxuiar. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Bowery.—Suva- ana, Danoina, Buguxsquss, 4c.—Ex Nino Eppis—Ser- vauts oy Lucaor. ' AMBRIOAN THEATRE. No. 444 Broadway.—Ermoriax ‘Minerrutsy—Baciats, PaNtowines, SURLESQUES, Ti Coorsus; on, Tax Magic Fiore. BLITZ NEW HALL, 720 Brondway.—Pavace or Iuuv- gion—Leaanep Canagy Biaps—Ventricoquism, &c. NEW YORK MUSEUM oF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— Open from 10 A. M. till 10 P.M. New York, Monday, September 4, 1865. NEWSPAPER CIRCULATION. Rooceotpts of Sales of the New York Daily Newspapers. OFFICIAL, Year Ending ‘May 1, 1865, + + $1,095,000 368,150 252,000 169,427 100,000 151,079 90,048 $1,095,000 871,229 Timos, Tribune, World and Sun combined ADVERTISEMENTS FOR THE COUNTRY. Advertisements for the Wexxty Hanacp must be handed fa before ton o'clock every Wednesday evening. Its cir- ulation among the enterprising mechanics, farmers, merchants, manufactures and gentlemen throughout the country is increasing very rapidly. Advertisements in- sorted in the Waexty Hzraxp will thus be seen by a largo portion of the active and energetic people of the United Btates EUROPE. ‘The German steamer Saxonia, with European files to the 234 of August, and the Montreal steamship Peru- vian, with telegraphic advices to the 26th, arrived yes- terday ‘The three companies interested in the Atlantic cable expedition met on the Zist wlt., and determined to at- tompt to lay anew cable in the spring, as well as to complete the one temporarily abandoned. This course was atrongly recommended by Captain Anderson, of the Groat Kastorn. Directors, shareholders and engineers wore alike sanguine of the speedy success of the now venture. From a letter addres-ed by Mason, the rebel agent in Ragland, to the London Times, it would seom that the Sheaandoah’s recent piracies lack even the small shred ot authority which the sanction of the rebel agenis mmght seem to give them. Mason says that as soon as ho heard of the downfall of the Southera confederacy he ordered the Shenandoah to disarm. FoRlowing up the extraordinary decision of the London Vice Ctvancellor’s Court, holders of the rebel bonds had convened « meeting for the 4th inst., with the wild ob- jeot of holding the United States responsible for the rebel cotton loan. Austria and Prussia have settled their differences for the time boing, and divided the plunder acquired in the Danish war. Prussia takes Lauenberg, paying: Austria ‘an indemnity, and is made ruler of Schieswig. To Austria the protectorate of Holstein is awarded; bat the port of Keil, the most valuable item in the ontire duchies, is retained by Prussia. Cholera continued to decrease. Im {reiand, according to the Cork Conetitugion, the Fenians are beginning to act with remarkable boldness. ‘They driti in open daylight in considerable numbers, and are said to have large supplies of rifles and ammunition ready for wae. . In the London money market on the 25th ult., United States five-twenty bonds remained firm at 69 9 69);. Brith consols were quoted at 89% a 80%. THE NEWS. Tho stoamship Quaker City arrived here yesterday, ‘from Charleston on the 30th ult, Genoral Hatch has retired from the command of the Miliary District of Charieston, and has-been tomporarily succeeded by Aiovoral Bennett, the post commandant in the city. The eleotion for members of the State convention isto take pias e to-day, and the South Carolinians were considerably a wmated by their preparations for the event. Governor Porry, ins letter which he has recently written, states tiat (m cages whore rebels take the amnesty oath and re- onive his recoriimendation to the President for pardon, it fs presumable that the pardon will be granted, and that they are therefore entitled to serve as members of the convention om this presumption By the steamship Morning Star, which arrived here early yesterday morning, from New Orleans on the 27th of August, we are informed of the appointment by Gov- ernor Wells, of Louisiana, of an agent to proceed up Red river and seize, on behal and for the benefit of the State, all the cotton purchased by Henry W. Allen, formerly the rebel Governor. Captain Semmes, of Alabama pirate motorioty, and his son are still in Now Orleans. Me. Sharkoy, of Mississippl, though not the first of the Provisional Governors for the rebellious States ap- potated by the Prosident, took the lead of all the others in his efforts for a restoration of civil government; apd hie convention delegates w; met, frans. noted thelr business hd adjourned before even the elec tions had been held in any of the othor States. This rapidity of action seemed in itself very commendable ; ‘but it appears that the Governor, at lonst to the eyes of he State and Wer departments, in his anxiety for the Of bis commonwealth to her old ante-rebellion Minion lnila ta ndarveiing, sad bo Was capese a ‘and it is the duty of the national military to preserve order and mote out justice, for the accomplishment of which important objects the people of Mississipp! have not yet demonstrated their abillty or disposition. It is thought that the resuis of this misunderstanding will be the resignation of Governor Sharkey. A Vicksburg paper urges a5 anargumont in favor of clomenry to Jeff. Davis and the rebel ex-Governor Clark, of Misstesippl, the fact that they added glory to the na- tional flag aa commanders of the First and Second Mis- sissippi regiments in the Mexican war, There is no abatement, but rather an acceasion, to the rush upon President Johnson of Southern rebels seeking gentry; and our despatches state that the numerous ar- rivals at the hotels of the capital on Saturday evening and yesterday indicate that the pardon pressure will be greatly increased in volume and force to-day. Since the collapse of the rebellion reconstruction has become as engrossing a subject in religious as in politi. cal, social and commercial circles, and the various de- nominations are much agitated regarding a reanton be- tween the churches North and South. As having ap im- portant bearing on this matter, we publish to-day pasto- ral manifestoes to their flocks from three of the Meth- odist bishops of the South end from the Episcopal Bishop of Alabama, They recognize the unmistaka- ble fact of the failure to destroy the political unity of the country, and urge upon their people a cheerful sub- mission to the powers that be, acquiesconce in all the results of the war, and a return to good citizenship under the national government; but they are more intractable on the subject of church reunion with their Northern brethren, claiming that tho latter havo repulsed previous advances made with this object, and insisting that future proposals must come thence. Perhaps what is necessary to induce the Southern brethren to once more return to the same fold with their brothers of the North is a little coaxing. The Rev. Mr. Wilmor, tho Eplacopal Bishop of Alabama, instructs his clergymen that it will not be necessary to resume their prayers for the Presl- dent of the United States until civil authority is fully restored in their State. At the convention of the Georgia Episcopalians {t was resolved that they would resume their connection with the church North whenever the bishops should consider such course consistent with the good faith pledged to their brethren of other portions of the late ‘Confederate States." ‘The past, pres-nt and future of that region of marvel- lous wealth and almost illimitable resources, the Missis- sippi Valley, are graphically akctched and statistically presented in the article on the subject which is given in another portion of to-day's issue. Not only those inte- rested in its immense trade, but even the general reader, will find im this collection of facts and elaborate compila- tion of figures a moat valuable fund of information. Mr. Salzar, late Minister in Washington from the United Stated of Colombia, closed his official relations with our government in that capacity on Saturday last, when fare- ‘well remarks appropriate to the occasion were made by both President Johnson and himself. Tho [itinols Stato Agricultural Fair commences at Chicago to day. The various State agricultural fairs will be held az follows: — Time. Sopt. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. opt. 5, 6, 7, & ‘ept. 11. ‘Sept. 12, 13, 14, 15. Sopt. 12, 13, 14, 15. eee ppt. 26, 27, 28, 29. Sept. 20. tember 12 and close October 19. Some facts of importance to those designing to be ex- hibitors are given by one of our Washington corrospond- ents in regard to the world's fair, or exposition of the products of alt mations, to be held at Paris in 1867, and it will not open till the 1st of April, 1867, and will not clone till the Ist of the following October ; but all persons intending to exhib t articles must present their applica- tions for admissiom before the 31st of October of the pre- sont year. We yesterday announced the fact that the brig Wiltiam Carey, which arrived at the lower quarantine on Satur- day, had picked up @ man-of-war's boat containing a sword, a case of surgical instruments, an overcoat, a carpet bag, a pair of shoes and socks with the name of Philip White marked on them. Our suggestion that they probably were from the government gunboat Com- modore McDonough, which foundored on the 234 ult., has been confirmed. The sword belonged to Chief Engi- neer 3. Warren, the surgical instruments to Surgeon Fred. P. Shepperd, the overcoat to the pilot, John Den- son, and the carpet bag, &c., to P. White, Acting Third Assistant Engineer, all of whom belonged to the Com- modore McDonough. The following discharged New York regiments arrived in the city yesterday :—The Forty-seventh, Colonel C. B. MrDovald ; the Kighty-first, Colonel D. B, White, and the Ninetr-eigth. The latter two regiments left soon after their arrival for Albany. The first named will parade and be formally received by the city authorities this af- ternoon, the Eighth regiment of the National Guard act- ing as escort. Lato on last Saturday night John Hackett, keeping a grocery store at 502 Second avenue, and John Greene, residing in the same building, became involved to quarrel, during which the latter received supposed mor- tal stabs from # butcher knife alleged to have beon in the band of the former. The wounded man was con- veyed to Bellevue Hospital, where bis statement was yesterday taken by Coroner Gover. Hackett fled after the conclusion of the sanguinary affray, and- secreted himself, but was subsequently discovered by the potice, arrested and committed to the Tombs. During a quarrel on Saturday night in a drinking house on the corner of First avenue and Thirty-second strect, between Edward Kelly and Charles Asbonfelt, the lat- ter was knocked down by the former, and in falling struck his head against the bar, predueing injuries which resulted in his death soon after. Kolly was arrested at the time; but the verdict of the coroner's jury in the case, after an inquisition held yesterday, exonerated him from all blame in the fatal occurrence, and he was liber ated. Engene Hollywood, keeper of an East Broadway drink- ing house, and Charles H. Florence, living at 27 Harrison street, were yesterday committed, in default of five hun- dred dollars bail each, on charge of having drugged and beaten and robbed of over eighty dollars, in Hollywood's place, Daniel Connolly, of 048 First avenue. Arthur Otto, residing at No. 40 Rivington street, and employed as a waiter in the Maison Doree saloon, Union square, was last night arrested on a charge of having picked up in that establishment and retained a pocket book containing four thousand dollars, accidentally dropped by Mr. John Swinton, one of the guests. A sermon was preached yesterday in Cooper institute to an assemblage of three or foar hundred, principally Southerners, by the Rev. R. A. Howland,elonging to the Georgia Conference of the Methodist Church South. The speaker avoided any allusion to the war or its resulta, Portions of a bridge.at Wallingford station,” on the Philadelphia, Media and Westchester Railroad, in Penn- sylvania, gave way on last Friday afternoon, in conse- quence, a8 supposed, of the jolting of a passing train, ana two persons were killed, Arguments for and against the motion for an arrest of judgment in the case ot Colchester, the spiritualist, or Juggler, recently convicted of defrauding the internal re. venue by practising his profession without a license, were heard by Judge Nathan K. Hall, m the United States District Court, in Buffalo, on Thursday last. The decision of the Judge was reserved. ‘The merchants of Chicago got up quite a demonstra- tion on Wednesday last on the oocaston of the dedication of their new Chamber of Commerce tks Tavita. tons wo ake pea Sd inanguralfon SMTnite had eon “fo ‘the various boards of trade of this country and the British provinces, and between six and seven hundred delegates were who were made the guests and treated to the most jteous hospitality of thoir mercantile brethren of the Garden City. The structure is ninety-three by one handred and eighty-one foot tn ita exterior dintonsions(%s built of the white stone quarried in the vicinity of the city, and cogt @pur hyadred Wguinad dollar,” Maximilian Emperor. ofthe new Emperor, including his Brazilian Majesty, made haste to recognize the suddenly seems to be established by the peouliar con- society in the Old World is universal. Even in Brazil, which is the only monarchy on the American continent, for we do not think it necessary to include the ephemeral concern in Mexico, the institutions assimilate those of a republic. And the same may be said of nearly all the colonial possessions of European Powers in America. This country, as the first power, exercises the greatest influence, un- doubtedly, in stimulating and giving direction to public sentiment; still it may be acted upon very seriously by the other States, particularly if their influence be combined with that of Europe. Hence we may perceive the motive that led the monarchical governments of the Old World to eagerly seize the opportunity our civil war afforded for attempting to destroy our influence and establish their own. They hate republicanism, in the general sense of that term, fear its growth, and dread its action upon their own people, and they impatiently took advantage of our troubles to commence mon- archizing the American continent. If we look back two or three years only, and observe what has been going on, and what is still transpiring in both North and South Amer- ica, we shall discover a remarkable unity of action and purpose on the part of this new holy alliance of monarchs against ‘republicanism. Even the liberal Dom Pedro of Brazil appears to have caught the contagion of this royalist oru- sade. It looks, indeed, as if he had joined the cause of bis brother monarchs in another hemi- aphere against the republics of America. The initiation and developments of tho war be- tween Brazil and Uraguay and Paraguay at first, and now against Paraguay alone, look very much like a part of the general plot assigned to and accepted by his Imperial Majesty Dom Redro. The remarkable movements te which we refer commenced at an early period of our war, when the Seuth appeared strong and the contest doubtful. After having given all the aid they could to the rebels, by recognizing them as belligerents and furnishing them with cruisers to destroy our commerce, these European Powers began to attack this republic and republican institutions in another manner and all round by a flank movement. Indirectly supported by the British and other monarchical governments, France and Spain assailed Mexico on the pre- tence, first, of collecting some claims and ob taining redress for grievances. This, as was soon shown, was a mere pretext to destroy the republic and erect an empire on the ruins. Napoleon finally took the business in hand alone, and accomplished the object by making The brother monarchs improvised Mexican dynasty. Spain, on a sim- ilar pretext, attacked the Dominicana republic, with a view of subjugating and bringing it un- der colonial rule. She threatened at the same time the republics of South America on the Pa- cific, and she would have proceeded further, both with them and St. Domingo, probably, had she not met anunexpected stubborn resistance, and had not the progress of events hére warned her to drop her part of the Quixotic scheme. England started the scheme of confederation to build up a consolidated colonial empire— a sort of vice royalty—all along our eastern and northern border. She com- menced this project, and is still engaged in it with great earnestness of purpose; and she is making the most formidable warlike prepa- rations to defend this vice-royal empire. Even Sardinia has not kept ber hands off the Ameri- can republics. By some stratagem she ob- tained a lease of an island of great strategic importance near Montevideo, the capitel of Uraguay, for ten years. This island is at the mouth of the river and entirely commands Montevideo, and it is said that immediately after obtaining the lease she commenced to erect formidable works of defence. Add to this record (and perhaps there are many others, of a secret character, that we are not yet informed about) the war of Brazil against the South Americana republics, and we think there is the strongest evidence of a matured and well uo- deratood design to sap the foundations of re- publican government on this continent. With regard to Brazil—especially in connec- tion with this subject—the time has come when this country should -be informed as to the ob- ject of the war. Brazil is an American Power, and second on this continent, and our relations with her have been very friendly. But if sho be a party to a crusade againat the re- publicat principle our relations with her would be changed. How is it that the very man who first made the trouble, and was the cause of all. this war—Venancio Flores—has now become the ally of Brazil? Flores was a revolutionist, and commenced a rebellion in Banda Oriental. During the progress of the troubles this occasioned, and by the passing of troops trom place to place, some Brasilian contractors suffered, and appealed to their gov- ernment for redress or compensation. Brazil demanded redress, but at a time and under cir- cumstances when the legitimate Prosident— Berro—could not afford it. In tho mean- time the Brazilian government was increasing its squadron in the river Plate, Shortly an wl{imatum, wae segt to the Qriental government, an Sede of Brasillan troops threatened. At this stage of the difficulty Paraguay, per ceiving the disastrous effects of the Flores revolution, and fearing the design of Brazil was to conquer and annex Uraguay, made a formal protest, and said the invasion of the Banda Oriental by Brasilian troops would be « qwrn.of wren, Paramuar: ik epgenrh om the and the city limits If the butcher interest is too potential with the municipal authorities to in. sure this the Legislature must be appealed to. ‘The voice of the community has only to make & Brasil, but the State for which she took up arms also. This is how the contest stands at present, with the fortune of war varying, as the late news informa us, from one side to the other. There may be some intricacies in this matter which we are not able to fathom at present; but if we may judge from the tone of the Bra- ailian preas, which speaks of the “South Ameri- can colossus punishing those insolent repub- Tics,” and go forth, we cannot help suspecting the deolared motive for the war is not the true one. We want light on the subject. We want to know whether this is a war against the re- publican system of government or not. Has our Minister at Rio Janeiro informed himeelf and the government at Washington on this question? Seeing so many monarchical in- trigues on this continent, it is important we should know. Religious Reconstruction—Pastoral Let- ters of Southern Church Bishops. We publish this morning an address of the Bishops of the Mothodist Church in the State of Georgia to the ministers and laymen of that denomination; also a pastoral letter of the Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church of Alabama to the clergy and laity of that dio. cese, together with the action of the Presbytery in a portion of Virginia, which furnish a very good idea of the spirit that pervades the several ecclesiastical cliurches of the South. From their letters and addresses it will be seen that the spiritual advisers. of the Sonthern people have learned nothing by the sad and severe lessons of the past. While the politicians and statesmen of that section cordially acquiesce in the decisions and results of the war, and are laboring for the early amicable adjustment of the affairs of their respective localities with the federal government, the religious leaders adhere to their old animosities, and urge the continuance of the schism which separated them from the churches of the North. Like the fanatical bigots of the Old World, who pre- tended to preach the doctrine of love, charity and forbearance of Cbrist, and yet enraged and embittered all Europe, until they plunged almost every nation into # fierce and relentless religious war, lasting nearly fitty years, these Southern epiritual teachers adhere to their old prejudices, and to all appearances would prefer war to peace, harmony and brotherly love be- tween those who are laboring in the same cause for the conversion of sinful.mankind, and pre- paring -tbem for a bappy hereafter. The Epis- copal Bishop of the diooese.of Alabame goes so fir as to direct the clergy not to offer up prayer for the President of the United States. until civil authority is restored in that State. The same spirit or determination not tounite with the religious denominations of the North is memifest in all their documents, while the charges and oriminations are enunciated with all the bitterness and sorimony which characo- terized their utterances before the rebellion. There is no disputing the fact, however, that the accusations against the clergy of the North of incorporating im thelr church dootrines social dogmas and political tests are to 4 great extent too true; yet the spirit manifested in return does not come with that grace which should characterize those who are laboring to correct the errors of e sinful world. If wo turn to the past record of the churches North and South, we find that both have travelled far outside of their legitimate sphere. Long before there were any signs of a’rebellion they plan. Now that the cholera is threatening us: with its advance » double necessity hae arisen for immediate action in the matter. Until the Legislature meets the city authorities have it in their power to make temporary provision to carry out these suggestions. Let them see to it that they are not neglected, or they will be held responsible for the consequences. Ralliroad and Steambont Massacres and Coroners’ Juries—-Three Recent Ver- lots. The twelve men-who sat four days to in- Taland Railroad bave concluded their labors, and have given us, instead of a verdict, seven opinions. These opinions are miodels of amiable nothingness, and every one of them that hints a shadow of culpability is immedi- ately followed by another, of equal weight, exonerating the acoused person. There is one point upon which the jury appeared to be of one mind—that is, that the five men were killed by @ collision of two trains, This re- markable point was the only one upon which they could agree. One little ‘knot of the jurors had backbone enough to say that the collision was produced by the carelessness of the con- ductor and engineer of the mail train, where- upen an individual juror jumps up and shonts, “T exonerate from.all blame the conductor of the mail train and the engineer of tho said train.” And so these twelve go through the case, making a little deeper the common im pression that of all our social shams there is. none so lamentably painful as that of the coro- nor’s jury. Five men, it is tolerably certain, came to vio- lent deaths by this disaster, and even the rail- road company will admit that they were not killed in the regular course of railroad busi- ness, Mismanagement and derangement of the regular order must, therefore, be assumed from this fact, and the prominent feature of this de- rangement was that the mail train was en the track near Jamaica at @ time when it had no right there whatever. This is said also of the express train; but that train was only two min- utes, ffany, out of its ‘regular time, and the ruleg ‘allow. four minutes for :variation in watches. That trait, shen, te blanicless; but:no train had no right to be whore it was at that time, or within thirty minutes of thet time, and its being there was tho.msin davise of the dis- aster. Whose fault is it that it was therot It is the fault of the preaident of: the road, of the superintendent of the road and of the conduc- tor of that train—assuming that a conductor has the same control of train that a captain has of a stoamboat. The train could only have been there by a faflare to observe the printed rules, and the president and superintendent are to blame for failure.in the observance of those rules. Itappears that they winked st such failures every day, though that every time a train left off its time-the. lives of every ome on it wore putin jeopardy. This was suche notorious delinquency of the manage- ment that they cannot plead any special over- sight for this case. It was commuton fault that lay with those persons to correct, and they @id not correct it. Knowing all the. possible consequences they permitted this laxity in rela- tion to rules, and by such permission become responsible for the consequences ; and one of them fs this accident. n ‘The conductor of the mail train is responsi- ble, beonuse he clearly and palpably ran his train on a chance, when he knew that that chance involved the possibility of a collision, ‘and the possible murder of every man, woman and child on the two trains. Not only has no conductor the right to take suoh a chance, but to take it indicates a recklessness of thought and & disregard of responsibilities that is next to murder. And this is just the important point in relation to railroad disastera. We must, by. some means or another, correct this reckless habit of thought on the part of men in such po- sitions, and we must give them good reason to weigh the consequences to themselves, if not to the When they are tempted to take the chances and go ahead, knowing thatit is doubtful whether to do so ie safe, the con- sideration that any little misadventure will fall heavily on thom may make them favor the safo side. This conduotor ran his train without the margin of a minute. He counted that he could get to Jamaica in fourteen minutes, and he knew thatthe express train would leave that place in fourteen minutes. He counted so closely, that there was no possible room for the variation of watches, although he knew that four minutes ought to be so allowed at that very point. Ifhe had allowed there the four minutes required by tho rules he would have seen that he only had ten minutes in which to traverse a space that required fourteen. He would have stayed at Winfield, and been safe. Bat he chose the other plan and went ahead, and this conductor one juryman “exonerates,” and ten consider “careless.” The verdict in the Arrow case ts also made up of nothing stronger then censure. The jury “criminally censures” the inspectors for giving a certificate, and censures the owners of the boat for “gross carelessness” in using such boilers. If the jury consider that it was “gross carelessness” on the part of the owners of the boat to use the boilers that were in her, they must suppose that the owners were aware of the imperfect condition of the boilers, and knew that they were not safe. Otherwise there was no carolesaness, for it was not a mere fail- ure to notice the condition of the boilers, a9 the inspector's evidence shows But if the owners were aware of tho state of the boilers, and yet ran their-hoat full of passengers overy day, is “earelessnes” the word for it? Or it carcless. ness is the word for the Arrow case, and. the word for what was done by the conactor on the Long fsland mail train, do we not sadly need some special legislation tint will punish this particular kind of o@r".gsaness as a crime second only to murder t,” churches in the superior honesty and elevated character of their spiritual instructors, what the ministers said had great effect. Step by step they drew their foHowers on until they succeeded in bringing about a secession or division of the churches of the two sections and arraying them in antagonism to each other. They soon exhibited a spirit ten times as bitter as that which existed between the political parties of the country, and mey be said to have done more to bring about the rebellion than any other class of men, The churches ot both sections. must share in this great responsibility, To the religious denominations is chargeable to a greater or leas extent the immense sacrifice of blood and treasure of the last four years, and. the future historian, in recording the causes and results of the events of the last twenty years, will put the olergy and church managers in the foremost ranks as the authors and abettors of the rebellion. It would seem that im the bitter fruits which have been gathered during the war, and the enormous amount of crime and horri- ble tragedy which is now prevading the whole country—which sre but the logical result of the demoralization of war—the divines and religious teachers, both North and South, would learn wisdom, and profit by their errors in the past. But this seems further than ever from their purposes. They are evidently fear- ful that they cannot retain their position and influence except by continuing their bickerings, and thus peril the Christian cause and the peace and harmony of the country to gratify their own selfish ends. If mon who wear the livery of heaven and claim to preach the gospel of Christ inculcate war and bloodshed, and fail to exercise towards each other that love and charity which they pretend to preach, how can they expect otherwise than that the uncon- verted will indalge in all manner of evil deeds, and that crime and vandalism will run rampant ? Carriz ov THe Rampagn.—The cattle disease is creating intense alarm abroad. Here we have a different form of the pest, but scarcely leas dangerous. No one can at present walk the streets of New York or Brooklyn without incurring the chance of meeting his death from the horns of infuriated oxen. In our Sat urday’s paper there were accounts of no loss than three accidents of this kind, in two of whica the results have either proved, or are likely to prove, fatal—the third escaping trim classed in the same category wy the shoot ing down of the animal by ® prliceman. The remedy in the latter case wag almost as bad as the disease, as the firing of “ball in a crowded street might havo killed ‘as many ae It saved. The cogotision of guia occurrences in a matter the president aid directors were Hable for mismanag*ment, and euthorized the coroner to issue his wa‘rant for the spprehen- sion of conductor and engineer, president, di- andall. ~ so handsomely by will the Grand Jury dot it ought to find bills against all Valley—ite Trade The Mississippi Commerce—The Progress of Reconstruye~ vitality that kept that trade up through all those troubles, and the elasticity that has brought it to its former level with such wonder- fol rapidity in the first months of returning pence; the condition of crops in the Western States—the weloome extended to every one who has anything to see, and the present state of business in that all important staple that the confederacy relied upon for the victory— cotton. All the points are examined in our St. Louis letter at some length, and in a wayveal- culated to fully enlighten our readers as to the condition of that important part of the country. ‘The account of the steamboat marine of the Western waters includes the names of four hua- dred and twenty-eight boats built during the last ten years. They range in size from ninety to nineteen hundred tons, and they cost from five thousand to one hundred and fifty thousand dol- lara each to build. These boats represent in the mere price of construction a capital of nearly twelve million dollars. Only about thirty were destroyed during the war, and those persons who have supposed that the whole progress. of river business. out West had received an irre- coverable blow in the war, that the energies, operation. Not only does all the former busl- ness that brought this fleet into existenes return to its original channels with a now that the war is over, bet losses; for, while thisty only have been burned or sunk since the war began, more and yet with this embarrassment the business paid so well that four millions of. dollars were invested in this apparently precarious kind of progress while the war was in progress. From that we may guess at the profits of the contra- band trade in cotton, bacon, powder, cape and 90 on. All this immense river business, as well aa the accounts of the eagerness of farmers in Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas and elsewhere to welcome the return of Northern traders and to barter, their. cotton for all the articles of Northern production or manufacture, toll a good story for reconstruction. So, also, does the fact that in Arkariess the old plantations are worked by the owner and his former slaves “on shares.” These are indications that the people are once more looking at life in « prae- tical spirit, and are disposed to eccommodate thomselves to existing circumstances. Southern men have fully vented their spleen against the Yankees when they are pleased to see even a peddler, and they have gotten out of the notion of the divine establishment of slavery when they go halves with their former chattel. As the now feels and stands social laws and necessities will recomstruct the Union perma- nently and perfectly; but to do this they. must be left alone to the greatest possible extent. ‘fhe South must not be once again embittered and pushed to extremes by the old abolition party, in a new guise, ite Jacobintoal crusade tor nigger Reoonstnccrron mm Tax Sovrm.—One of the best evidences of reconstruction in the South is observable im the movements towards restarm ing railroad communications thnonghout the. country. Capital is required for this and the moneyed men of the city of New- which is the chief financial and centre of the nation, ate asked to exten’ the aid necessary to repair the old railways ta the South, and to build naw, ones. Sie this kind te seldom madm to our eapitaliats in vain. Tassenicat Paowerarer. —The thoaires have been doing an oxtwaordinary tusiaess during the past weok. We have mot boca In & single piace of amusement which bas aot heen browsed to Its utmast capacity of accommoda. tien. At the Broadway the Koans are having immenge houses, it boing nocesaary to secute places to apply ah) teass throe days in advance. At Niblo’s, Barnum’s, In the case of 1146 recent disaster on the Olt Creok Raileyad there was anothor kind of coroner's Yaty. Tt was & jury disposed 10 | saces next wool, * cnai by that time all the places 209085 Hig Ovo of rallseed accident ay am acrurgayyah sa Qe metrorlis wil he ia Cul baat Qi and Now Bowory, Wood's and the other ‘virel halls, the samo dogroo of prosperity sorvable, Wo have no doubt that when the thoatres opem they will come in for an equally lange share of for tho influx of strangers tate the city is enormous, and is likely to continue 90 fox, some wooks to come, On Wednesday next Barnum ” his now Muséum (formorty the Chinese Bul’ tng). wilt bo found, ao far aa tho distribution Of ggog rr ty corned, s vast improvement on the sid catablishment, Walteok’s, the Olympic, the Water Garton and Hor. Eat & t '