The New York Herald Newspaper, September 4, 1865, Page 1

WHOLE NO. 10,598. - EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE SAXONIA AY") PERUVIAN, oe FIVE DAYS LATER NEWS. TWE SHENANDOAH’S RAVAGES. Orders Sent from the Rebel Agents for oes the Pirate to Disarm. "TNE CREAT EASTERN AND THE CABLE. + mother Attempt to be Made Next Spring. Sanguine Bxpectations of Captain Anderson, Dr. Fairbairn, the Directors and the Shareholders. Rebel Bondholders Expecting the United States Govern- ment to Pay Them. Prince de Joinville on the Supe- wierity of the American Over the French Navy. QBOLBRA DECREASING IN SPAIN AND TURKEY ° PRMANG 1 THE SOUTH OF IRELAND, ‘hey Drill Operily in Large Wumbers gu@ Mave Rifles and Ammu- sition Ready for Use. oa ao, &e. ‘The Saxonta, from Southampton on August ‘28, with three days later from Europe, arrived here yes- tenday. ‘Fhe steamship Peruvian left Liverpool at balf-past Swelve o'clock P.M. on the 24th ult., and Londonderry tho MD, and arrived off Father Point yenterday. ‘The New York correspondent of the London Times ‘writes upon the depth and earnestness of the irritation EP. Walker, British Vice Consul at Charleston, is 2 + oogonia el lala ca ‘The cattle disease continues to absord the attention of the 20th of August the fleets of France and Eng- anchored together at Brest, will make their into Spithead, when the splendid fetes, be celebrated, The imperial Master no lees than nine iron clads, besides ‘Vessels and smaller craft. preparations are making at Portemouth to give a French fleet. Grand banquets, reviews and iiluminations are in the pro- Hitt itn j i On Augest 90 a bottle was picked up at Scarborough. 3s contained the following intelligence on paper:—‘‘Ship Gir George Seymour foundered off Cape Cod, October 22, 2004, bound from Bristol to New York. Cargo iron and Goth. Lost eighteen; saved twenty-two im two boats. . (We are half starved.—Jobn Thomson, second mate, Oc- ‘toder 26.” ‘The Tarifa arrived at Crookhaven on the Sint of Au- ? on ” ~* “Phe City.of New York, Bibewmia, Ravaria and City of * Dubie all arrived on Angust 22. | Ravages of the Pirate Shenandoah. P r . . Pe your corwmaa oa will much The Great Bastern and the Cable. Nothing additional bad transpired relative to the At- CAPTAIN ANDERAON'S OPINION. Captain Anderson, of the Great Rastepn, ina letter to @e Landon Times, says:— Iwas formerly a doubter; then as J became intimate 1 the mga sad means to be employed to overcome all | “ould then drive us from our and without the sun we could not find our fishing gi if DR. FAIRBORNR’S OPINION. Dr. Wm. » the celebrated engin’@r and iron bridge balldes, expresses ® similar opinions with regard to the prospects of the apdertaking, and, adds :— As respects the Great Eastern , She has proved her- welf everything that could be desired as a vessel exclu- sively adapted the Fesesee st all eet ite hud ? i : Hi i hi i sid should accidents occur ertook the ship in the middle of é i i i vie BE E Tepairing it with proper apparatus in May or Jane companies are animated by the single Principle of determination to perfect the telegraphic con- between Europe animacion; und are cating: tn i I ‘and permanent ile oen ecuraly sain by proper Immediate! re cable eimu)taneounly e completion Another Atlantic Cable. of i fil 4 aessoe alt 572822 W588: fy i 38 5 lly tien and Oxford, the committee felt that the position of sentative of a and more constitu. ency, the title of tative B is ip whom you have so lially avowed your trust, be- come the whose name is forever identified with the cause Creer ny Pagers -e and political pe oi ‘Mr. Beales went on to say that his commit- looked with confidence to Mr. Gladstone's aid for the it wor! out of any further just and needful re- not tn only, but in practice, to embrace the pale of the constitution “all, or at least all who cannot be clearly shown to be unit to enjoy the privil and exercise the rights of citizenship.’” The following is Mr. Giadefone's rep Hawanpi p fw 10, 1866. Sin—l reso ackvowledge the receipt of the letter whic! have addressed to me on bel of the Ex ive Committee of the Reform League. of the indulgent ‘Wudgment ‘whichis formed, by my ent is ‘men may serve eae nko to tbe ‘rane ma wo performance of 4 rhatever may remain tome fe. 1 honor to be, sir, your most WE. GLA during wi i ie “Hl ne *aF Ee i l FA i ie oti lina terms agree with the statements already It with a large fleet of boats ting or Bins bul those ofa heaty cahine, Cala fuer’ peo. | Prussia. It is proposed to make Rendaburg federal for- cure this of vessels, which are to ‘fas it | trees, to be garrisoned alterpately for a year at a time by wore, “les ‘ds lamer, thelr ship- in and Prusgian troops, ping runs the nek of being destroyed by a few light crui- Sesebl onaman vines 20 3a YORE. aren lat ad King Prussia The second part of the Prince’s article is far more val- | Emperor of kumria uve. at present. at Tachi. It ts off- uable. He discusses with minuteneas, and evi- | cially stated that at the conference it was also dently Sideouge knowledge of the subject, the maleriel agreed to between the Emperor of Austria and the King ‘and peri of the French navy. The great advan- Prussia that the harbor of Kiel, although situated in {ages to be sought above all others are swiftness and | Lolstein, which is to be under Austrian tration, avy Protection of the is | ts to be occupied by Prussia. Austria and Prussia have Ses secon Swiftness Jo see om all Gan prone. rmepned to the: Posen, Cay, > Serer compel enemy | tion of aGerman to fight suit to elt, of to, evade hie aoe ene cain | MEETING OF THE KING OP PRUSSIA AND QUEEN cruisers or I woula for vessels intended to operate iy 3 in shallow waters. For such vessels oe that danenpion, aye mecmoary oe Bay behind VICTORIA. King William of Prussia will visit Queen Victoria at ders nt ase Ser St Sy meet his attachment to the caube of the Duke of burg, bas Jost all favor with the King. aiereseets tot epee ie tenons ding ley fe to a Tt is aeserted that, 20 far from being the canal will not be open for three years at least, the ueation will then arise how far it can be made avaliable for large ships. With the subsidence of the cholera business was again assuming activity in Alexandria, and quantities of cotton Were again reaching the market. The prospects of the next crop are reported to be favorable, the effects of a on iron plates are the destructive as the of China, powder that ‘tis heavier, “New, vee ‘A Shanghee tol of July 12 says Burgooine was which must have a very heavy calibre to burn a very eb e ceaty. a heacicen Dione bat charge of powder, are very hard to manufacture, release, intending that a refusal wou considered fend we have allowed the mol cad the Amartcane #0 get ‘s casne bell the better of us in this They have already in use guns whose charge is not ices than sixty pounds of Commercial Intelligence. Powder, and whose destructive effecte exceed anything LONDON MONEY MARKET, AUGUST 25. ‘we can arrive at, Funds were heavy and led, the Fenianism Growing Bold aretana, | Best continued eatremely Nght, Money: waa, caay In le row 5 ‘from the Conk. Conetitnion | in market, A: necurities easier on the That the jan Brotherhood are daily numerically pre din piplg Sats Bip money, and 80% bpooens Sis legate is wi ao 2 89% for account; new threes, 8054 a 80%. more and more careless as to whether 7 \. Movements are observed or ‘Dot is aleo quite apparent. | Gugic head Hoe Ne ae ea ranted; They no longer seek the cover of the night to practice | refined lumps, 418 a 41s. 6d. Coffee ; business ab ov. or to hold their meetings. in open day | full rates. Tea in demand for China. Rice—Floating they assemble, not on unfrequented mountains or lonely, cargoos and landed much wanted. Saltpetre dull. \MRRICAN be al @ROURITIES. Fey peeks cea URC roads tn military ‘fashion, In | | the increase of butlion in the Bank of England ie Central shares, 78.0 783¢; Erieshares, 53 a 533, ; locality 2 , bling fea re omer tates five-twenties, 69 a 69 previously by leaders. Hore eed LIVERPOOL BREADSTUFFS MARKET—AUGUST 24, through a course of instruction as readetuffs firm. Wakefield, Nash & Co. and Bigland, tively as the soldier of the line—are formed into sq Ayth a& Co, report:—Flour eat buoyant at ex- and it up. drill; and when they can treme rates; winter red 06. a 98. 6d. Corn quiet and their heads erect and keep square, ine oe: mixed 30s, 6d. a 31s. 6d. The weather is favor- soldier like fashion, are in slow. and quick | Sble for cropr, ume, then into, @ company, told Livgnroon, Al 2, ee OF into” sub-ltviaiony f int sub-divisions, sectiona, fou &e., which formation they perform all the’ exolutions requisite to make the company eligible for Place ina battalion. They are also instructed in the nse Of the rifle, At certain periods the squads are marched in from the various parts where they have beeu in- pty? a the clemonians Any, are formed into com- eq , ans er as a battalion does parade—depl io Corn market moderately attended. quoted 1d. a 2d. dearer than on Tuesday, being the ad- vance made yesterday ; but the business is small. Flour offered at Tuceday’s rates. Indian corn 6d. lower for mixed American; no change in other sorts. Beans firm. Oates and oat meal in moderate request at former’ rates. LIVERPOOL PROVISION MARKET— AUGUST 24. ‘The market is firm. Gordon, Bruce & Co. and ‘—Beef quiet but firm. Pork tends upwards, advanced Is. a 2a, closing firmer. Lard firm at Tallow sti)! advancing. Butter advanced 2s. LIVRRPOO!. PRODUCE MARKET—avGusT 24. Ashes quiet. Sugar firm. Coffee steady. Rice firm. 9 yar . Oa. for Hi Rosin steady. pentine nominal at 46. Petroleum firm at or they Cdl ay “ ne send Soe a bgp COTTON MAR AvGusT 26. poste wilt tel the ingclter they: ere, ennrty at tien Oat | gales of the week foot up &1,000 bales. Brokers’ cirou- ata gosling match. Suaday after Sunday during | ler reporta market opened bucyant—all qualities ad- present summer thig.bas been going on in the an- ees ep nits extent. The market sebacenentiz barbe of the Frankfleld, 1, and cos in | Became dull. Of the above sales exporters took 13,| that locality, are frequently visited by them. roads | Wales. The following are the quotasions:— there are zot much frequented on Sunday and the groand 16 11-164. ; sapiens, Seors 184d. The sales is sueh as to favor the moderate degree of secrecy the | to-day foot up 8,000 arket cuigt and un, broth ry. . ‘The stock of cotton in port is 430,000 baler, of which 27,000 dalos are American. MANCBESTER TWADB REPORT. ae market was easier and tending down- wel NEWS FROM THE GULF STATES. Secretaries Stanton and ward Ane- jupreme Reconstracted Mississippi-A Con- Mict of Authority—Governor Sharkey to Resign—Governor Wells, of Loutsi- ana, Seizing Rebel Cotton, &e. ‘The steamship Morning Star, from New Orleans Au- gust 27, arrived at this port yesterday. We are indebted to the purrer for forwarc our despatches, Oar New 0: orrespon: e. New Onvrans, La, August 26, 1865, QRPP. DAVIS’ SERVICES IN MEXICO PLEADING FOR MIM. ‘The Vicksburg Herald says that Jefferson Davis and 1 mounce that the War Pow: | ex-Governor Clark, of Mississippi, commanded the First sei a if i [ a3 hear the tramp of large numbers of men marchi: and Second regiments of Mississippi riflemen in the bogy lng Another of their favorite review fields is | Mexican war. The fame of these two regiments, it says, of tl - is historic, and continues with:—‘“While their com- On the mri ay about manders are incarcerated in powerful fortifications, let 8 field near the same it the day at drill. uided to - In the thbort ra re } ow ~4 pers er slory they added to the old flag speak in be: every Sunday large forees muster in the same way ana | #!f of clemency | for same purpose, and occasionally encamp in the | *WORETARIRE BTANTON AND KEWARD OV THE SUPREMACY OF open air 0 THK WAM POWRR IN MISSIBRIPTT, ‘all night. At the drills the management of the rifle and bayonet be supposed from: this fact that th brotherlood. are rm the erhood are deotitete of firearms, for they boast ot lof cagemqurded large stores of rifles and ammunition ready for use when the proper time arrives. The drill instructors are sated Sar and militiamen, who are paid for their commanding the Departinent of Miseissipp!, in connec- tion with a trial by a military commission, the General publishes the following communication from Secretary epartment upon the subject :— nt_bas accorded @ provisional govern te of Mississippi is a fact which should | not be allowed to abridge or iujnriously affect the jurie. diction heretofore properiy assumed by military cow in that region during the war, and especially is the cor inved exercise of that jurisdiction called for in cases— first, of wrong or injury done by citizens to soldiers, whether white or black; and second, of assanit or abuse of eolored citizens generally—where, indeed, the local tribonale are either unwilling, by reason of inherent prajadice, or incapable, by reason of the defective ma- ehinery, or becanse of some State law declaring colored persons incompetent as witnesses, to do full justice, or punish the offenders. te of Mississpp!, in common with other insur- gent Ptatex, is still ip the occupation of our and, embraced as it is in a military department, ie still to a very considerable extent under the control of the milita- iy anthorities, Moreover, the rebellion, although phy- slipereshed, haa not been officially ‘announced, oF A.yelograma trom tora of "augue 1 8 a ; ¢ cholera has ocurred here dura “the leat two bend sanitary counc! leclared the to be nother port to ‘A despatch from Barcelona of August 18 saye:—I this hee re cholora in ‘only: prevalent to an ‘a oxi cholera is decreasing rapidly at Constantinople, ACCENTRIC COURSE OF THE PLAGUE. B J B ye suspension of the babeas corpus has not been inated, nor has military law ceased (o be enforced, i roger cance, through the agency of military courte military commanders, in al! parts of the country. A conflict of authority is said to have arieen lately be- tween Govervor Sharkey, of Mississippi, the inilitary and Secretary Seward The Governor, it i# fhonght, will nend im his resignation. The military, it appears, refused to’ obey & writ of habeas corpus issued by Judge Merwin, of Warren county. Governor Sharkey te! ed to Wash- & statement of facts; Secretary Seward replied | that Mississippi wae still under martial jaw, and the mil: lary Were mpreme, GOVERNOR WALLS FRIZING REBRL COTTON. Governor Welle, of Lonisiana, has appointed Mr. Miles Selle State Cotton Agent, with instructions to proceed up river and seize all cotton which may have been pur- al by Henry W. Allen, the Governor of Louisiana x Orleans where i wil be ibeed and sold. fur the benent where it will be bil and fol for the it Foy ate tng 'O- | of the State. Mr. Milos BellA is to receive the mame com- re for his services as allowed by the United Btates ror their cotton agente. Prague, from lorth Germany, till it got to After that came our own turn. The epide- struck us at last, and we suffered in propor, the measured i i neona, thoug! inte of the rebel navy, and bie con, Major Oliver Semmes, ave in New Orleans. Newe from Sax Prancisoo, Sept. 2, 1668. No atrivels thie week. Sailed to day steamer Golden City, from Panama, with $1,068,000 in treasure for New ‘York, and $654,000 for England, with four hundred pas. nongers, including Speaker Colfox, Lieutenant Governor Bross avd General Bowler, of the Springfield Republican, ‘Trade during the week wae a little more active, but the Ne iraneactions ywerg ® little below expeota- trop. importations were light, ‘While of some kinds of Eastern goods there te positive ‘eeareity. Prices don’t seem to respond or riee at supply. Batter advanced 6c., con! of! 26c., candies 2. ; domestic Products steady, except barley, which is Sc. a Ti0, lower, Wheat depressed. Any effort to prose salee ‘woula Bring lower prices in the absence of any export — Wool and hides quiet sod ateady. Pacific Railroad is completed to Colfax, fifty-five miles from Sacramento, making the entire distance con ,| Strgeted, since January, twenty miles. Four thou. “it; leet > oe inder a oe from Nicandro aw p Py pay be reanlin i 3 i : iEE. ! ay il fi E i | if H 4 i EF i ? i z i sof Pais tand laborers are employed on the road beyond Colfex, Austria, Promia and and the. number is being constantly increased. The Emperor of Austria and the Ring of have mo seme er ere met at Gastein and settled the pa: tition of the ay Vir TO Raamon, N. C.—We learn that A from Vienna of A w = The con. ip cy be inten that if he. should vinit veaton*vend pa; the, ance Ree ween, tisee te fabs very giv to ove Teas te tom tin ae wan concluded at Gastein on the 14th, Prussia hfe Fy ee him im thi, his native cation. into tn 5, Austria im Hol- nt to the, Prowident’e cords ™ by ine = , ‘ecordial invitation to visit PRICE FOUR CENTS. NEWS FROM CHARLESTON. An nnnnnnnenne General Bennett Temporarily Suceeeds General Hatch—The Election for the State Convention at Hand—Prospects of the Parties—Governor Perry Pre- sumes that His ae for the Pardon of Rebels is Equivalent to ® Pardon—Such Recommended, Though Unpardoned, Rebels Entitled to a Seat im the Convention, die. ‘The steamship Quaker City, from Charleston August 30, arrived at this port yesterday. Wo are indebted to Purser Fred. W. Ely for favors, Our Charleston Correspondence. Cuartestos, & C., August 30, 1866. The departure of General Hateb, #0 long anticipated and talked of, has at length taken place. He left. here last Sunday afternoon on board the steamer Canonicus for Hilton Head, which place he leaves op board the steamer Ilinois for New York this day, As the Ca- nonicus was leaving, the United States vessels in the harbor fired a calute of thirteen guns in honor of the General. He was accompanied by only one member of his staf, Lieutenant McMartin, A. D.C. 48 will be seen by the following orders, the command of the district has ‘Deen turned over to General Bennett anti! the arrival of Major General Ames, who is expected here in the course of three weeks:— General Ordert—No. 0. Heanquarrsrs, Miurary Diersict or 806. Au In ccenptionos aaa ueacion Orders No. headquarters of the ae it of + 4 the undersigned relinquishes to Brevet General W. T. Bennett the command of thie di me’ JOHN P. Brevet Major General United States Voluntecra. Lyonarp B. Perry, Assistant General. In an order recently iasued by Major General Slocum, | teeth, clther directly or indirectly, asa thing of the | Orders—. 5 bw aera Miitaat ray err era } wot Somat Be tae were gay command of the Mili District of Charles- The pee named officers are announced on the :— tain L. B. Perry, Assistant Adjutant General, United suntee Volantecre ae y-fifth Ohio Veteran Vo- it Captain H, E Lord, Gommiseaty Sabeiste Vol in i nee Volun- Surgeon goon C'S Reber, United States Volunteers, Chief a 8 x on Me Ser menyeet tn ened . F. rf 00! troops, Provost Marshal. - Captain W. C. Smith, Thirty-ffth United States colored troopa, Assistant Provost Marsbal. Captain George T. Balch, United States Army, Chief Ordnance officer. Poa cy J. R. Brinckle, Fifth United States Ar. igi Licutenant, H. One Hundred and Finy- fourth New York Volunteors, ‘Acting Assistant Quarter First Lieutenant W. E. Leighton, First Battalion Maine Volunteers, Acting Assistant Ingpector General. All orders will remain in force until otherwise ordered. W. T. BENNETT, Brevet General Commanding. — Leonarp B. , Assistant Adjutant Gen- The retention of Captain L. B. Perry, a# Assistant Ad- | jutant General on the staff, gives much satisfaction. Energetic and untiring in his duties, always court ous ‘and accessible to military and civiliana, he has beeome a general favorite. In fact, he could not be well spared from this post, with the wants and routipe of which he is 99 intimately acquainted. Some time ago he was re- commended for promotion, and was complimented with @ letter from the War Department, oftwing swim a cay taincy in the regular United States sagt ror a brevet inajorship. Tt in thought he will accept the latter, as he designs retiring from the service as soon as consistent wih hie duties and the expiration of, bis term of enlist ment ‘THR BLECTION . takes place next Monday, and no full ticket ie yet out. The candidates first announced have nearly all declined the nomination. A majority of them decline on the : ind of inability to meet the expense of living in As the time approaches the anxiety of the various par. ties to bring out acceptable tickets increases with the in- difference of the number of candidates who dechne the nominations. Some of the tickets have almost been re- duced to total Dian! the withdrawal of names. Tho old hunkers, or ‘Broad stroet clique,” as they are desig- Bi are again in the field, although the clique has been universally condemned. They have controlled | every el heretofore, and by a display of some popu: | lar names will doubtiess.be able to carry their ticket | through now. I append a copy of their ticket. The “ee ytrn ap oe is presented to the voters of this district as suitable candidates to represent them in the | convention :— Dr. J. F. vig <0 ow Hon. Chas. Macbeth, Hon. Alfred Huger, Henry Gourdin, adge E. E. "4 Kdw. MeCrady, Sr,” T. D. Wagner, W. Ravenel, Geo. W. Williams, Chas, M. Furman, E, L. Adams, Dr. W. T. Wrage, . C. Bee, Rev. John Bachmann, James Rose, W. 8 Honery, A. 0. Andrews, W. Lebby, Hon. H. D. Loswene, D. L. MeKay. Of the above it is probable not more than tive or six will consent to be candidates. But if the party can sue- | ceed with but two or three they will have gained their object. This is to make valid the State del during the war. These debts amount to between sev and eight millions of dollars, contracted mostly after 1 ordinance of secession, and’ before the organization of Davis’ government at Montgomery. | GOVERNOR PRRRY ON THE PARDOSING POWRR. A letter from Governor Perry to the Hon. Win. D. Por tor says: — If you take the oath of suey and apply for a par- don, it isto be presumed, after the approval by me, that it is nted, and you are entitled to vote or serve in the Convention, although your pardon may not bave been returned or received by yon. This, while it meets a joztal reception from a large clase Who were in doubt of their qualil nas voters, has caused ancther stir among the military, who deny the right of the Governor to assume such authority as the wholesale exercise of the pardoning power inferred from the above extract. The Court of Ordinary has been segeety. opened by Jai Bnist. J. W. Brownfield, Eeq., Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas and General Sessions, bas also entered upon the discharge of his duties. THR RECKIPT OF COTTON | yesterday by the South Carolina Railroad was three ter estimates the amount of cotton on haud in that dis. trict at from three to five thousand bales. THE FIRST SPECIMEN | Inst Monday by two freedmon—Messrs, Weston and Gail- | lard. It was excellent long ple cotton, cultivated on the Roper plantation on Jobn’s Island, NEWS FROM FORTRESS MONROE. Arrest of Negro Piekpockets—Mysterio Affair, &e. Forns Mownor, Sept. 1, 1865, ‘Thia morning, ov the arrival of the steamer Adelaide from Baltimore, two darkies were taken from the steamer to the lock-up by the guard. On inquiry we ascertained that they were pickpockets, and during the parsage down the bay had robbed a gentleman of a thourand | dollars and a lady of her jewelry, The clerk of the Ade- | laide recovered and restored the property and arrested the thieves, The schooner Maria E, Pratt, with seventy-six tbiny- two-pounder guns, condemned and sold here four weeks ago, safled for Philadelphia to-day, Lieutenant Margeram, Third Pennsylvania artillery, died Inst evening. His remains are to be sent to Phila- dolpbia to-night, Some mystery exists in regard to a box shipped from thie place August 25, by Haraden’s express to New York. The box was marked J. Moulton, Webster, Mass, and wae said to contain tools, but found at Now York to con. tain a corpee, The cage will be investigated. Law Courts for September. ‘The September term of the General Sessions opens this morning, City Judge Russel presiding. A there have been no bail cases tried during the months of July and August, these, together with the prieoners now im the Tombs awaiting indictment aod trial, will make the calendar very large and the term a busy one, But the machinery f the District Attorney's office works so easily and effectively that, with the City Judge ov the bench, the business of the court will be of with an much’ speed ne the interesta of noclised partion will permit, In his charge to the Grand Jury Judge Russel will, no doubt, allude to tho extensive defalcations in Wall street, and make tome observations for their guldance in investigating the testimony in these cases which District Attorney Hall will place before them. ‘The Surrogate’s calendar will be called on the 11th Inat., ond on the 16th the Cironite and gepern) term of thy Bupreme Courts conve hundred and twenty-two bales, and of the two previous | | days three hundred and aixty-three. A letter from Sum- | | from Keokuk to New Orleans. THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY. ITS TRADE AND COMMERCE. Anomalous Condition when the War Closed. Interference and Restrictions of Government Officials. COTTON TRADING. THE TRADE STORE SYSTEM. STATISTICS OF COT LON TRAFFIC. —_—s Revival of Industry from Mis- souri to the Gulf. THE STEAMBOAT INTEREST. IMMENSE CORN CROP. DEMAND FOR NORTHERN GOODS. RESTORATION OF POST OFFICES. YANKEES FOUND EVERYWHERE. Serious Losses of Muniments of Title by the War. THE FREE LABOR PROBLEM. THE PROSPECTS FOR 1866. Anticipated Profits from South- ern Trade. &e. ac. &e. Our St. Louis Correspondence. Br. Loum, August 21, 1866. ‘The fina) collapse of the rebellion found the trade and commerce of the Mismesippi valley in an anomalous state. It was fettered and stricted by @ variety of Treasury regulations, and general orders from a dosen m 'litary commanders, whose authority varied as widely as their ideas of meum and tuum. There were limita- tions upon the kind and quality of goods which might be carried up and down the river, and every shipment, from a box of candles to a bale of cotton, required a permit. A host of leeches lined the banks of the Father of Waters Revenue aids travelled on every steamboat, and the happy shipper who waa sure that his goods, once started, would go through all right to their appointed destination, was rarely found, | Sometimes the necessities of the military situation or | | the freak of a quartermaster compelled captains of boats: bound to New Orleans to upload at Memphis, and either place theircargo on the wharf boat or transfer it to another steamer, as the preliminary for a trip with troops or food for soldiers many hundred miles away ‘This syatom of suddenly pressing steamboats into ser- vice had one or two disgraceful phases, one of which was the apparent favoritism which governed the pelec tion of boate, HOW THR GAME WORKED. When boats were empty a government charter wae ac cepted with avidity; but when a boat was loaded, and Downd to a particular port, the captain dreaded impress. ment as the Egyptians dreaded a renewal of the plagues. The rule was to pay for the detention of boate at arate very much lower than when actually employed. Very often it happened that a quartermaster would detain a boat in anticipation of an emergency, and then let her go without service at all. Consequently it became a study equal to the one of the fine arte, on the part of the captains and clerks of river steamers detained in expectation of « charter, to have their boats released It is the current tradition of Mississippi eteamboas men that the easiest and speediost way of getting « boat re- | leased was to bribe some goxernment official; and trath compels me to say that circumstances indicate « strong probability that this tradition is founded op absolute facts, Eqnal cunning was required to have a Joaded boat pressed into service released from custody, and it is a | common remark that many boats bound to New Orieans | | of the new crop of cotton was brought to this market | with cargoes were stopped on the river on a mere pre- tenoe, in order to wring bribes from their officers. There is probably a spice of truth in this slander, and it ir chargeable to the demoralization which everywhere pre vailed on the banks of the Mississippi. CORRUPTION DF THR COTTON TRADE. One of the most striking features in the last year's re- view of trade in the Mississippi valley is the evident corruption which marked the trade in cotton at every point on the river. In the first place the Treasury rega- lations probibited cotton shipments without « special per mit, and even when this was procured there were a balf dozen staff officers who interfered with the business at ev- ery stage. Thoy would manage to get the cotton in pound ‘on some pretext, and before it was released the owner was minox mony hundred dollars, Finally the Treasury Department probibited cotton shipments entirely, and the military commanders were directed to close the lines againat the receipt of cotton. This was supposed to be a final blow at the speculators ; but mark the result :—pine tenths of the cotton seized by the government wae re | jeaged on arrival at Cairo, or if ndt it was sold by goveru- mont agents at Cincinnati and 8. Louis, and the proceeds paid (to claimants who were loyal. Meanwhile there was & tremendous pressure at Washington to have the lines reopened, and occasionally ‘a special pormit was obtained. The frequent removal of Treasury agents gave considerable trouble, as each agent had a different set of clerks and subordinates, all of whom expected to got rich by tess volume might be profitably written on the artifices employed to get cotton to market, but the eoun' has enough dirty linen to wash without going into cotton, corruption very deeply. It is guffielent to say that agents and militesy mem frequently got rich, and many of them bave resigned thetr commierions to retire om their ill gotten gaina, There their vonreien alone will trouble therm. TUR TRADE STORD OYSTRW. Auother evil connected with the condition of trade and ‘amount of trade in each place occupied by our troops to the individuals who received special permite to trade. ‘Thin system wae in vogue up to May Inet when aif rentrictions were removed by President Jobason. Tt wan followed in Columbus, Ky., Hickman, Randolph, Mem- phie, Helena, Little Rock Port Bmith Viebebure. Milllp ‘ i { ‘ | |