The New York Herald Newspaper, August 30, 1865, Page 4

4 —— (NEW YORK HERALD, sauna GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. CORNBB OF FULTON AND NASSAU BTS. USENET press ¥. Vv. TERMS cash in advance. Money sent by tnail will be the risk of the sender. None but bank bills current in York taken. . } THE DAILY HERALD, published every day in the year, cents per copy. Annual subscription price, G14. JTHE WEEKLY HERALD, ecvery Saturday, at Five per copy. Annual subscription price:— Postage five cents per copy for three months. Any larger humber addressed to names of subscribers #1 5O cach. An extra copy will be sent to every club jot ton. ‘Twenty copies to one address, one year, $85, (end any larger number at same price. An extra copy wit be sent to cttibs Of twenty. Thee rates make the ‘Wanuzr Henatp the cheapest publication in the country. ‘The Evnoruan Epox, every Wednesday, at Six cents copy, 9% per annum to any part of Great Britain, or 1©6 to any pert of the Continent, both to include postage. * The Cauwornta Eprriox, on the Ist and 16th of each month, at Srx cents por copy, or $3 por annum. Apvarnamenrs, toa limited number, will be inserted [nthe Weexix Heratp, the European and California " Jow Pawrixc of all descriptions, in every varioty, style end color, exeouted with promptness and on liberal terms. VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing im- Portant news, solicited from any quarter of the world; if (used, will be liberally paid for, s@~ Ovr Fontan Cor- (DENTS ARE PARTICULARIY REQUESTED TO SBAL. ALT RAPrMRS AND PACKAGES BENT US. } NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence. We do not return rejected communications. ' : Wolume XXX......... aca AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Monuy xp Misery—Mipwigu? Banquet—Tax Sxcuer. i NIBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway.—Axnan 4 Pogue; oR, genx Wickiow Wxppixa. 4 BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Tus Mancitanr or ‘vraice. ’ BOWERY THEATR Dxvx Fuarnmrs—Baica: { WINTER GARDE! | JOOKO, TINE BRAZILIAN APR. ay and Evening. Bor ry. —Briax Bonowme—Les Lanta. Broadway.—Bannua’s Museum ‘our. Nwo1o Famivy. pen IRVING HALL, Irving plice.—-Anrxuvs Waap Awona @ue Mormons. WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 814 Broadway.—Ermiorian as, Danoxs, £0.—Tavent Arensciateo—THe Guost. 4 SAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS, 585 Brondway.—Erat ‘Brian Suvcine, Dancinc, &c.—Anuau Na Pogue. + TOMY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Bowery.—Sma e: a juRLEsquxs, &¢.—E1. Nixo Eppim—Bauney, +, AMERICAN THEATRE. No. 444 Broadway.: SEruiorian faarnaLsy BaLeees, Pantouimes, Peehm pipet ; Om, Tax Magic Furs. an he HALL, 41 zp CANARY at Two o'Clock. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.—. ©pen from 10 A. MeO Pe BL - —_ 720 Brondway.—Patace or Iuiv- Binps—VanrRitoauisy, 40. Mutl- a = = = jow York, Wednesday, August 30, 1865. — = NEWSPAPER CIRCULATION. Receipts of Saics of the New York Daily Newspapers. OFFICIAL. Year Ending May 1, 1865. + $1,095,000 368,150 252,000 169,427 100,000 151,079 $1,095,000 ‘Fimes, Tribune, World and Sun combiued.. 871,279 ADVERTISEMENTS FOR THE COUNTRY. Advortisoments for tho Wexkry Heratn must be handed Am before ten o'clock every Wednesday evening. Its cir- ulation among the onterprising mechanics, farmers, merchants, manufacturers and gentle: throughout the pountry is increasing very rapidly. Advertisements in- Derted in the Weexry Huratp will thus be seen by a large portion of the active and energetic people of the United Breton PROCLAMATION. President Johnson yesterday issued « proclemation @unounsing that on and efter the Ist of September Proximo all restrictions on trade with the Southern (ates in articles declared contraband by his prociama- Mons of the 13th and 24th of June last will be removed, @nd that commerce with them will be subject to only Buch regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may Prescribe. TRIAL OF WIRZ. The room of the Wirz court martial in Washington ‘was more than usually crowded with spectators yeater- fay. On the assembling of the court = communica. Won from the prisoner was read, requesting that his tounsel, Messrs. Baker and Schade, who had abandoned om the provious day, might be sent for, as he had that on his ‘‘most fervent entreaties’ they had* to appear for him again. The request was sgrantéd, and the gentlemen namod soon after made their 4 and resumed the management of the case, examination of witnesses was then continued. Dr. , amother of the rebel surgeons of the prison, testified to the deplorable ant wth tl sccommodations and the horrid of the prisoners, some of thom being reduced their confinement and privations to the most shock. specimens of humanity he had ever seen. Dr. Van- jeft, @ surgeon in the national service who was @ Annapolis, gave evidence in regard to Condition in which the released prisoners when they arrived at that place from Brom insufficient food and exposure had been reduced to skeletons; two thousand who ‘ander his notice were suffering from chronic diar- sourvy and other diseases, and many were in #” ly ng Condition. Other persons, who had been captives An the rebel pom, testified to the crucities and sufferings en‘ured there, ‘is said that Wirz’s counsel intend to summon about ‘hundsed and fifty witnesses. That number has al- heen summoned by the prosecution, and if the a ination of the entire three hundred is gone through ‘iva she trial wilt last for some weeks yet. THE NEWS. ‘Tho steamships Pennsylvania, Captain MoNevin, from Ravenstown on the 17th inst; the Georgia, Captain @rovel, from Aspinwall, via Capo Haytion; the Mary A. Boardman, Captain Jordon, and Trade Wind, Captain Doane, from New Orleans; the Alhambra, Captain Ben- aon from Charleston; the Twilight, Captain Spicer, from eo te Wilmington, N. ©, and the D, B. Mounk, Capiain Backus, from Newborn, ali arrived at this port yestor- day. Foreign nows of the same dato as tho Pennsyl- vania's was brought to Father Point by the steamship North American, and published in yesterday's Heat. Our Charleston correspondence to the 26th inst. te replete with intorcating intelligence, There have re- cently been arrivals from the intortor of large stocks of cotton and considerable numbers of plantors, and the” business of the city has oxperienced & very encouraging revival. The planters are loud in their complaints that since the colored people have been emancipated they have generally deserted the plantations, and cannot be induced to work except under the compulsion of the military. Perbaps some explanation of this condition of afirs may be gleaned from the letters of our Baton Rouge correspondent and of General Wager Swayne, published in last Monday's Hasraup. These gen- tlemen say that the negroes will work willingly and in- dustriously for Northerners, in whom they have un- bounded confidenco, but are loth to make engagements with those who were formerly their masters, of whose faith in any contract that may be entered into they are very incredulous. In consequence of thiscdesertion of the negroes the plantera aay the cotton and corn crops of the State will give little more than half an ordivary yield. It is estimated that through the havoc and repudiation consequent upon the rebellion and its failure, and from the emancipation of the slaves, the value of property in South Carolina, which was four hundred millions of dol- lars in 1860, has been rediced to Atty millions of dollars at the present time, In a specch which Provisional Governor Perry, of South Carolina, made at Greenville, in that State, on the Ist inst., he gave an account of his appointment by views with the President and ditforent members of the Cabinet, and tacitly admitted that his former speech, in nor to fill the national civil offices in South Carolina are, cule. It is announced in ou Washington despatches that Circuit Courts, though what particular one is not yet known, It ig thought probable, howover, that Norfolk, Tustice Chase will preside. A large and valuable stock of naval atores lately be- longing to the rebel government has been collected from dierent points and piled up in the laboratory in the anburbs of Richmond, Va., whence they are to be trans- ported to Old Point Comfort and Norfoll. The work of transportation has already commenced. Late Havana news gives a rumor’ that the Spanish mail steamer, iats of Hayti. Judah P. Benjamin were atill in Cuba. A ton years contract has been agreed upon by the Pos:master General with the Pacific Mail Steamship Com- pany for carrying the mails betwcon San Fravelsco and Hong Kong, China, touching at Honolulu, Sandwich Islands, and Kanagawa, Japan, Four firat class aieam ships are to be employed in the service, to commence running not later than the 1st of January, 1867, aud for monthly trips out and back the company is to receive from governmont balf a million of dollars per year, The distance between San Francisco and Hong Kong is a little over seven thousand miles, P Intelligence has been received of the arrival at Fort Scott, Kausas, of the government commissioners now un thoir way to meet, the various bands of rebellious abo- rigines in « grand council at Fort Smith, for the purpose of negotiating a treaty of peace and friendship betwoon them and the government. Governor John Brough, of Ohio, died in Cleveland yes- terday after # long and severe illness, originating in gangrene of the foot, in the fifty-fourth year of his age. The Inman line steamship Edinburg, Captain Roskell, will sail to-day, at noon, for Queenstown and Liverpool, from pier 44 North river. The United States mail steamship George Washington, Captain Gager, of the Cromwell tino, will sail to-day, at three P. M., for hew Orleans direct, from pier No. 9 The mails close at the Post Office at balf- North river. past one P. M. After an earnest and excited debate of five hours in the Canadian Parliament on last Thursday evening, be- tween the supporters of the provincial Ministry and the opposition, a resolution introduced by the lattor, declar- ing the renewal of the Reciprocity treaty and the enlarge- ment of the St. Lawrence and Welland canals of the utmost importance, was defeated by a vote of seventy- eight to twenty. A delegation from the Legislature of the province of New Brunswick have recently had an interview in Quo- bec with the Canadian Ministry, and freely expressed their opposition, in behalf of themselves and constitu- ents, to the colonial confederation scheme. They say that the change of sentiment on the subject has lately been so great in the maritime provinces that they will never submit to it unless compelled to do so by the Brit ish government. The coroner's investigation regarding the Long Island Railroad collision and slaughter of Monday was continued in the village of Jamaica yesterday, and the testimony was taken of several employes on the collicing trains, The examination will continue to-day, when it is ex pected that several of the passengers will give thoir evi dence. George Laull, of Newtown, L. L, another of the injured persons, died ata iste hour on Monday night, making five deaths in al! from the disaster thus far. There are others of the injured-who it is thought cannot recover. ‘The case of the United States against Andrew Wiseman, charged with counterfeiting government fractional cur- rency, was up again yesterday, pursaaut to adjournment, before United States Commissioner Osborne, ‘The evi- dence taken was merely corroborative of that previaisly given. The case stands over for further examination. George W. Drew was yesterday commitied for trial on acharze of passing bogus fifty cent government notes. Some of the counterfeit money was feund in his posses- sion, besides what he attempted to pass. Tho hearing in the case of Nathaniel E. Sheldon against Frederick A. Howe, of Meadville, Pa., in which the latter ia charged with defrauding the former of five thousand dollars by false fepreseatetions rogarding lands in the Pennsylvania oll rogiows, Was to have taken place in the Tombs Police Court yesterday, but, owing to the illnows of the complainant, was further postponed till the 26th proximo. George Gladwin, the young man lately committed to the Tombs on charge of fraudulently procuring # check for about four thousand dollars from the New Haven Post Office and two hundred thousand dollare worth of Western railroad bonds from e St. Nicholas Hotel safe, with the desire of placing himself in a true light before the public, has made a statement, which appears in our columns this mornipg, confessing his guilt and giving what he saysis a plete and correct history of his criminal career. ‘Tho grand picnic of the united Irish societies for the benefit of the Protectory for Destatute Children, which had previously been postponed on account of unfavorable ‘weather, took place gt Jones’ Wood yesterday, and afforded the greatest’ enjoyment to the thousands who took part in it, An oration was delivered by Mr. Richard O'Gorman, and there was an unlimited amount of amuse- ‘ment in the way of music, dancing, cating and drinking. The Farmers’ Club held ite weekly meeting yosterday afternoon in the American Institute. Rare specimens of fruits and flowers were exhibited, and interesting discus- sions regarding the farm and garden and their surround- ings took place. Business is now very lively at Newbern, North Caro- lina, and the merchants of that place keep the railroads running thence into the interior of their own State, South Carolina and Georgia busy night and day tp carrying out goods and bringing back cotton, tobacco and other pro- ducts, It ts designed to petition Congress for an appro- priation for the improvement of the inland waters of North Carolina, #0 a8 to onable the largest oovan steamers to run to Newbern. ‘The National Bank of Wellington, Lorain county, Ohio, was robbed on Inst Monday night of between seventy thousand and one hundred thousand dollars’ worth of government bonds on deposit in the institution. A base ball match was played ip Washington yenter- day between the National Club, of that city, and the At- lantic Clab, of Brooklyn, resulting in the victory of the latter by @ soore of thirty-four to nineteen. There wasn very large assemblage of spectators, including some of the government officials. Tn a base ball match at Baltimore yesterday, between the Pastime Club, of that city, and the Athletic Olab, of President Johnson, his visit to Washington and inter- which those engaged in the rebellion were lauded, was Duncombe, and was meroly designed to conciliate the secession element. The persons nominated by the Gover- it is sald, with one or two exceptions, ineligible in conse- quenco of having becn oMoials under the Jeff Davis Jeff. Davis is to be tried in one of tho United States Virginia, wili be the place-of his trial, and that Chief which was overdue there from St. Domingo, had been seized at Samana by the revolution- Tho rebels General Kirby Smith and NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 30, 1565. Philadelphia, the later won by a score of thirty-aine to | atill hope for an amicable. solution. Knowing |, 7¢ the sentiment of this countey, that no Buro- pean intervention with the republican govera- ments of America will be tolerated, and that « war with the United States might revolutionize France and cost him his throne, the Emperor will doubtless find a way to csospe from the perplexing situation be ie in. And we are dis- posed to forget the past and to help him in friendly way to retrace his steps. France and the United States have always been well dis- posed toward each other until this trouble. Ghe has never crogsed our path before; she alded us in our struggle for independence, and has rendered us services since. Wedo not forget these things, There ought to be no jealousy, hostile rivalry, or ill fecling between us, and there will not be as soon as the Mexi- can difficulty shall be out of the way. With England, with the country from which we sprung, we regret to any it is different. She has uniformly been hostile to and jealous of the United States. She sowed broadcast the soeds of discord through her abolition emissa- ries, and whon they ripened into civil war sho deavored insidiously to. make the rupture Between the North and South perpetual. Our losses directly by the Anglo-rebel Alabama, and other vessels built and equipped by ker, have not been less than fifty millions of dollars, while the loss to our commerce would approach probably near a thousand millions. It is all very well for the Times and Lord Palmerston to ory out France, Mex- ico, the Monroe doctrine, and all that, to em- broil us with another Power, and to divert attention from their own delinquencies and the claim for indemnity we have against England: We cannot be deluded in that way. Wo can take care of the Monroe doctrine, and hope that France will show her ancient friendship to be revived by withdrawing from Mexico; but we have accounts to settle with Great Britain also. Neither one nor the other, nor both these Pow- ers, can stand in the way of our destiny long. Instead, therefore, of pursuing a futile policy, and of attempting to bold an untenable posi- tion on the American continent, which in the end will lead inevitably to war, let a congress of the great Powers, with the United States as one of them, be called to settle the territorial, maritime and other questions affecting this hemisphere. Henceforth we want no monarch- ical neighbors ; we want France, England and Spain to leave America. Their institutions and policy are different and inimical to ours. We want no other relations than the most exiended commerce and perpetual friendship with them ; and the proper way to attain this end, 30 do- sirable to both them and us, is to seltie the matter at once and forever through a congress of nations, in the former winning by slight odds, Late intelligence has been received from Siam. No signs of cholera existed in the kingdom. The news of the assassination of President Linooln and of the shooting of Booth by Corbett had just reached Bangkok, and had produced a marked impression. ‘The stock market was extremely dull and barely ateady yesterday. Govornments were firm. Gold was steady, and closed at 14144. ‘There was considerable activity im business circles yes- terday, and the volume of business was fair, chowing some improvement on that of Monday and Saturday. Foreign goods wore in demand—in some instances on apeculation—and valucs wore generally higher. Do- meatic produce was irregular. Cotton was heavy. Petroloum was firmer. Groceries were frm. On ‘Chango flour was 10c. a 160. lower. Meat, corn and oats wore 1o. a 20. lower. Pork was decidedly lower, and lard and whiskey were firm. ‘The cattle market remainod in about the same condi- tion this week as last, A good inquiry prevailed for good to prime stock, which sold freoly at full prices, owing to a limited supply. The pooror kinds, which were plenty, sold rather lower—or from 90. to 140. « “160, —the average prices being domewhat lower than last week. . Cows wore unchanged. Veals wore steady, with fair demand. Sheep and lambs wero in fair demand at from $3 50.to $7.8 $7 26. Hogs were active and higher; aalea were ‘at from’ 12%0. to 13340, The total receipts were 6,050 beevos, 139 cows, 1,652 voels, 21,225 shoep and lambs, and 6,722 hogs. The Tortuous Policy of England on the Mexican Question—How to S:ttle the DiMmeulty. A few years ago the statesmen and press of Europe did not appear to be much ocoupied with our transatlantic affairs, except so far as the interests of commerce were concerned. While we were silently and rapidly increasing in population, wealth and power, beyond all precedent in history, the Old World seemed to be almost unconsoions of it. But all this is changed now. Four years of war have pro- duced ® most extraordinary change. Like Minervs springing from the head of Jupiter, full armed and terrible, a god among the gods, this country bas suddenly risen in the eyes of the world a mighty Power. The shadow of its colossal form is thrown across the broad Atlantic, astonishing the people and making the governments fear. They are scanning its vast proportions and imposing attitude, as far as distance and the imperfect light they have enable them to do so, with eager interest. They begin to see that this new cren- tion may be destined to produce a revolu- tion in the political relations and inter- national affairs of both hemispheres. Un- willfag 3 they have been to admit the startling fact, they can no longer disguise their impressions; and they are floandering about in trepidation and uncertainty, not knowing ox- actly what are to be the consequences of the new state of things, or what course they ought to pursue. These remarks ars specially applicable to. England, for there “the press and public men have commenoed to discuss the position of tho United States as one of the great Powers of the world, taking for the time the Mexican question as their theme. In France and other countries, particularly in France, where the prosa ia less free and the government is in an embarrassing situation in regard to matters on this continent, more reticence is observed; atill the statesmen and thinking people there are much occupted with the mighty problem that has been and- denly brought before their minds. The eyes of the world, in fact, are now directed more toward America and American affairs than toward Italy, Turkey, Schleswig-Holstein, or any other European question into which ambi- tion or the balance of power enters. We copied in yesterday’a issne two articles | trom, (pe tgnon. Zines begring upon thie sub ject. They are both remarkably significant in conception, tone and purpose, and are highly characteristic of the tortuous policy of the British government, as well as the course of the press in support of it. They are the more worthy of notice as they accord with the sonti- ments expressed in late speeches of both Lord Palmerston and Lord Stanley, showing the ob- ject or policy to be identical and well consid- ered. And what is it that the Times, the premier and the leader of the opposition agree upon in such a remarkable manner, as we may clearly infer from their language? Neither more nor feas than to foment difficulties between the United States and France. What a glorious opportunity it would be for England to build up her own declining power if her cisatlantic ‘and transatlantic rivals would only pitch into each other in good earnest. To use a simile, if not quite classical, well understood by our “ eonsins,” she would very willingly be bottie- holder and sponge off the combatants with the greatest complacency till both should become exhausted and maimed for life. If we picture to ourselves Lord Palmerston standing before his andience, a rose in his button hole and a straw in his mouth, as Punch describes him, ad- Gressing words of irritation to the United States against France and the same to France against this country, alternately patting one and the other patronizingly, to egg them on, as the boys say, and at the same time congratu- lating, in the most self-satisfied tone, his hearers on the happy, neutral and unentangled situation of Eogland, with regard to American affairs, we can form a correct idea both of British policy and of the scene when he de- livered his speech. His lordship, like the Times, deprecates war, of course, in terms, but hugs and dwells upon the thought of the dilem- ma France and the United States are in about Mexico with evident satisfaction. The articles referred to from the Times are in much the same style and spirit, and are very ingeniously worked up. The writer says we bave “formidable means for war, and have scarcely yet felt the pressure of an enormous t.” In fact, he admits we are able to wage war on the largest scale, While thus prepared, and while the public'mind is flashed with suo- cess and ambition, he says we have to “con- sider the national oballenge given to us by France when we were unable to ettend to it, which was displayed openly to us before the world, that the Emperor of the French set the famous Monroe doctrine at defiance, and that we must either let all that pass or resent it at the cost of war.” Such is a specimen of the provoking language addressed to us. Wo might quote further, but {t is unnecessary. The tone fs much the same toward France. On the whole our British relatives make out for both the United States and France a very distross- ing dilemma, and a good cause for war on each jHicable to South Amerioa. side. any event, the common danger of the We cannot deny that there are difficulties in | South American republics onght to be suff the way of settling the Me: question; but | elent to uaite them in one common canse with thoy lie with the Emveror Napoleon, and we ' Paraguay. The Comiest in South America—Avothor War of Tiras, Brazil, in ila geographical . position, its ox- tent, ita resources, its population and power, holds about ihe same relation to the other inde- pendent States of Sonth Amorica that the United States hold in North Amorica, But while the dominant power of the North is a great republic, that of the southern division of the vontinent is an empire, under the govern- ment of an hereditary monarchy. Brazil, lying under the equator, and covering the vast and prolific valley of tho mighty Amazon, and com- paratively undisturbed by internal revolutions, has: prospered, is flourishing, and has become prond and overbearing. The Emperor, taking his cue from Cesar and the Napoleons, has be- come ambitious. He evidently aims to absorb afl the little republics around him, in view of the ultimate ) occupation of the whole South Ameri- oan continent ag (he Brugil of jpeg He has accordingly sought and found dei venient pretext for a war with the little repub- lic of Paraguay, lying between the river of that name and another known as the Parana, the two great streams which pour their im- mense volume of waters into the sea through that common outlet, the famous Rio de la Pinata, Brazil, with the possession of these rivers, will control South America, and to pos- sess them she has commenced her operations in the right quarter. Little Paraguay, however, is making a most heroic fight to save herself from extinction as an independent State, and, as the struggle stands, the issue is donbiful. Brazil, it appears, has humbugged all the petty independent States below into an active alliance with herself, or an advantageous neutrality; 10 that little Paraguay is fighting the fight of Tepublicanism against imperialiem in South America, not only single-handed in repelling Brasil, but with other States which ought to be the active allies of Paraguay as in a common cause. Our sympathies are naturally with the heroic little republic against the overshadow- ing monarohy; for this is the war of ideas which we have successfully just fought through in another shape. The monarchy of Brasil, although a respect- able establishment in its way, fs a foreign ex- crescence upon the American continent, and not the natural outgrowth of American ideas, It is founded upon the old European, Asiatic and African idea of the divine rights of kings, in the face of the predominant and. American idea of the divine right and sove- reign power of the people. In this view, Brasil is not muoh better than the French pro- tectorate set up over Mexico in the name of its German emperor, Maximilian. We can hardly doubt that England and France will do what they can in quiet way to aid the cause of Brasil; for it is their cause, and the cause of monarchy and kingoraft the wide world over. But every republic of South America should actively join in supporting the cause of Para- guay, for she is now, perhaps, fighting the bat- tle which will determine the fate of all of them. At the same time our government should ‘et least in come way give tts opinion apon the merits of this Bonth American quarrel; for, in- volved in it commercially, as well as politi- cally, we have very considerable interests at stake. We have not heard from the Chevalier Webb, our fighting ambassador at Rio Janeiro, for some considerable time; but it is to be hoped that he will not permit his pleasant rela- tions with the Emperor and hie court to cloud his understanding in reference to this war of {deas between Brazil and Paraguay. To make ali sure, however, against any mistake on his part, we would suggest the propriety of a let- ter of instructions from the Secretary of State in exposition of the Monroe doctrine, so far as Kpeest, mont wires, and although five or six oars wore thrown from the track, only one poor fellow who was “catching o ride,” {t is stated, was injured, merely having one of his legs and an arm crushed. The other accidents occurred on a Virginia road, and on the Tennessee and Ala- bama road. By the latter some thirty or forty persons lost thelr lives. In short, all over the country, it seems as if these railroad accidents had become epidemioal, and, like the oholera or yellow fever, they must have their course, But, nnlike those calamities, which may be the scourges of Providence, we believe a remedy for railroad accidents rests in mortal hands. _ In the first place, let us examine the ques tion whether deveral of the principal railroads of the country “are pecuniarily able to keep their tracks in proper repair, sad to employ suitable and responsible persons in every 0a- pacity, upon the trains and upon the lines of the roads, to prevent, by all possible human agencies, the dangor of accidents occurring, We find that while the earnings of the Hudson River road for the month of June, 1860, wore but $129,996, for the same month in 1865 thoy were $310,049. The New York Contral, in the month of May, 1860, earned $551,700; in the game month in 1865 it earned $1,204,435. The Erie road, in the month of June, 1860, earned $398,409; in 1865, $1,225,528. The increase in the earnings of the Harlem for eleven months in one year was upwards of @ quarter of a million over those of the previous year. The [iiinots Contral, in the ménth of June, 1860, earned $188,060; same month 1865, $590,061. The Chicago and Alton, in June, 1860, earned $76,426; same month 1865, $343,985. The Michigan Central, in June, 1860, earned $125,- 085; 1865, $365,663. The Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Ohicago, in June, 1860, earned $165795; same month 1865, $650,311. The To- ledo and Wabash, in June, 1860, earned $67,- 428; same month 1865, $194,525. The increase on nearly all the Western roads bas been in right in these particulars, and managed with nearly the same proportion. The Housatonic road in December, 1860, earned $17,317; same month 1864, $36,840, It is useless, howevor,, to continue the list; and, finally, we find that while the earnings of the Long Island road in it were: $301,793, for the year ending March, 1866, they were $666,850. { Thus we sve that the ratio of railroad carn- inga hs increased all over the country within the past five years, and the lamentable in- crease In the number of accidents with- in the same period is sufficiently noto- rious and fresh within the memory of the public to render repetition here unnecessary. It is plain, then, that while these roads have been peouniarily able to keep their roads in repair and employ careful gnd competent men to carry on the business with an eye to the safe- ty of passengers, the managers of the compa- nies have failed to do this, and, in order to de- clare some miserable dividend or other, have wantonly trifled with human life and limb. Now, we hold {t to be simply fair for the pub- lic to adopt measures to punish those who ex- hibit such a cruel disregard for their safety. If they cannot be reached one way they should be by another. If the Legislature fails to punish these railroad ers by passing laws hold- fog ¢ if ae csponnlbie tor the tright- ful slaughters that‘are constantly occurring, then the people should take the matter into their own hands and apply a corrective in their own way. We learn that ex-Alderman Oliver Charlick, President of the Long Island Rail- road, is a candidate tor Senator from the dis- triot in which the tragedy on that road occur- red. This is probably the first indication of what he will do for the bonefit of the people if elected. Tae Fact. Season ayp tan Tueatres—Revi- vaL or Dramatic Tasts.—The tail season comes in with plentiful promise. The cool and almost -wintry woather that has invaded Angust, and the |- succession of crinp, bright days that have fol- lowed it have rendered life in the city a pleasant exchange for life on the hills and the seaside. There has conseqnently been » very early homeward rush of pleasure seekers. Newport beach is almost as desolate as the sandy edge of an undiscovered Pacific island, the watering place hops wax thin, and it ia possible to get attendance and s decent meal at the great ho- tels. While the out of town resorts give these indications of failure in their attractions Broadway ls brilliant with beautiful faces, just tinged and ripened into bloom by the kisses of the sun, and rich with its array of natty drab dresses trimmed with green, and its exploita- tion of the delicious little bonnets and hate that for the first time in the history of fashion do not detract from the faces they are meant to adorn. The Park also is alive with drivers and ram- blers, and the places of amusement are densely crowded every night. Business feels the im- pulse of this returning life, and, from the city retailer to the operator in cotton throughout the unblockaded South, all are fall of activity, energy and enterprise. No sort of business feels the stir of the new season to & greater extent than the theatres. Those places of resort are the recipients of an exaggerated patronage. It would seem as if there were « theatrical mania. Evory theatre with any decent attraction to offer is crowded 40 the oxtreme degree night sfer night. All the seats are taken days Sefore, and at night men pay premiams for the privilege of standing within the chosen circle, The passages, the out of the way corners and the lobbies are filled. with camp stools, and #0 closely are the masses packed together that it is an inconvenience to a whole parquet if a person leaves his place. Every man is fitted in @ spot with the exact- noss of a piece of bone in a Chinese This extreme development of the thea tical business shows what may be done in that line when managers have the taste, discretion and will to supply the public with a good class of dramatic entertainments. It shows that, with the assurance of good plays and good actors, the theatres in our midst will be to an unheard of extent. The taste of the town istheatrical, One play of Shakspere’s well acted will run a hundred sucreaaive nichts. and draw crowded houses energy and good sense, the theatres of this’ city would make the fortanes of their owners, and would become also true temples of art in the development of public taste, and they Wurre and Brack Lasor m tam Sovra.— Wo perceive that at different points from Vir ginia to Texas there are movements afoot for the introduction of white labor, under the im- pression that the emancipated slaves will not work, and cannot be relied upon if they on- gage to go to work. To a considerable exten¥ this may be trae; but still the question recurs, what will become of these blacks ff they be not made we some way to support themsolves? They will necessarily, as idlers and vagrants, be. come aheavy and a dangerous burden upon the community. The war in its destraction of the able-bodied white working men of the 89 th has created a vacuum which, to fill, will req some years of immigration from the North and. from Europe, under the strongest inducements In the meantime the urgent agricultural wants’ of the Southern States, in the way of labor, can be mot at once by the omancipated slaves, and those planters who are disposed in a liberal spirit to adapt thomselvos to the employment of their late slaves aa freemen are pursuing their true policy. On the other hand, the planter who turns his niggers adrift, under the idea that he can do better by the employ- ment of white laborers, is setting an example which, if generally followed up, must inevitably, from the pressure of hunger, drive the blacks to systematic spoliations and scenes of bloody violence. If the blacks are stupid and foolish in their exaggerated notions of emancipation, , the intelligence of their late masters must be kindly used to enlighten . | The two 5 about half and” duronghout . the couse States, cannot exist together without harmony, and the ignorant blacks, accustomed to the guidance of fe whites, still look to them for instruction and employment. The Freedmen’s Bureau, established under*the:control of the army, are doing something’ to get the emanei- pated blacks fairly to work again; but these bureaus are not equal to the task before them. It is a task which properly devolves apon the late masters of these blacks. They still have their corn and cotton delds, andthe laborers needed to cultivate them are still at their com‘ mand, and they must be sustained from the pro- ducts of the soil around them, whether they cultivate it or not. The simple question before the responsible Southern landholders Is this: Shall our liberated blacks support themselves as our laborers, or be supported as idlers, thieves and vagrants? Fine Arts. Thero are very fe® of our Now York artists now im town. ‘The autumn is the tifdm favorable season of the year for sketching, and from wig at the dnd 3? Be tomber tho sitidia’ Wl bo desortod. ax ia off the coast of Maino and tho,White Mountains. Bierstadt is at Niagara Fall, Rastman Johnson has just returned from Mainé aid is now at tho Catsktijs with McEates; Gifford and Ssydam are studying coast séenery at Glow coster; James Hart is at Farmington, Conn., sia ve. is in Vermont; Whittrodge is at Portsmouth, fy making studies of the interiors of old mansiogs, with which that neighborhood abounds; Constaat Mayor is in the Gonoseo Valley; Hubbard is again sketching st Lake George; Hayes is at Church's cottage, at Tivoli, spending bis honey- moon; Dana has gone with the squadron of school ships, from Newport, for the purpose of making marino studies; Guy and J. G. Brown are at Fort Lee; Bristol is spending the summer at Hilledale, Mass. ; Hicks the third season om Saturday evening next with the @erling comedy of the Honeymoon. The company em- braces Mr. and Mra. F. B. Conway, Davidge, Mr. New Jersey Democratic State Convention. ‘TRENTON, CS —___ The National Bank of Wellington, Ohie, Robbed of a Large Amount. CunveLand, Ohio, August 20, 1865. ‘The National Bank of Wellington, Ohio, was robbed Inst night of from seventy thousand to one hundred thousand dollars in government bonds on special de- jit. ne property of the bank was not touched. No arrests have been made