The New York Herald Newspaper, August 14, 1865, Page 4

AVCUST 14, Tee. we probabla Gat bo | have lwo proichded G3 IdM metavine Wr tain, on diy Ge uldneme || - NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, ~ EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. ; PICK N, W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STs. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. |. NIBLU‘S GARDEN, Broadway.—Aneau Na Pooos; o2, (eux Wicsvow Wap ‘WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Cotisen Baws. #OWERY THEATRE, Bowery. —Rosseus—M annua aay Poior—Extus's Davonren. 4 ip BROADWAY . = = axeouae THEATRE, Broadway.—Inisa Exrceant. NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Daeau or Dus- Qury—E.ta Rosuxsena—My Wire axp I. hw: INTER GARDEN. Broadway.—Basxom's Mossow any. BLACK CavZnN; oR, Tux GOLDEN PILLS oF Maa: coro Famiuy. Open Day and Evening. aa WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, $14 Broadway. -4! lores Dancus, &c.—Tux Ecuo; nd Tax owes Wooo” y HELLER’S HALL, 586 Broadway. Francisco Min- Suiciva, Dancing, &c.—OrueLto 4D TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, Bowery.—Sina- Danoinc, Buaursques, ee tue Puaxos “Sonooe- i NEW YORK MUSEUM roadway.— (@pen from 10 A. M. ull 10 6 “tauecneinedeeed . | New York, Monday, August 14, 1865. NEWSPAPER CIRCULATION. Receipts of Sales of the New York Daily Newspapers. OFFICIAL. Year Ending May 1, 1865. $1,095,000 + 368,150 + 252,000 169,427 + 100,000 ~ 161,079 cee 90,548 New Yore Herap seese eee esses eG1,095,000 Wimes, Tribune, World and Sun combined.. 871,229 ADVERTISEMENTS FOR THE COUNTRY. Advertisemonta for the Wernty Hrnato must be handed {fm before ten o'clock every Wednesday evening Ita cir- ‘ulation among tho enterprising mechanics, farmers, merchants, manufacturers and gentlemen throughout the jountry is increasing very rapidly. Advertisements in- Berted in the Wzzxiy Henaxp will thus be seen by atarge on of the active and energetic people of tho United Bratos. THE CABLE. Furtber information respecting the Great Eastern acd the Atlantic cabte Is brought by the steamsh.p Moravian Prom the vague, disconnected telegraphic summary Aransmitted to ua, it would seem that the break in the in- @Uation of the wire which ocezrred on the 29th of Juiy, Gnd occasioned so much anxiety, was speedily repa-red At poon, on the 2d of August, the Great Eastern fad paid out twelve busdred miles of catle Bho had accomplished two-thirds of her task, aud had eached the deepest water scundiogs, shew.ng adepib ‘of twenty-foar bundred fathoms. Up to this point all. went well; but suddenly her signals tothe shore be ame uniatelligible, and then ceased allogetber. Notb:eg tore bad been beard of the big ship and its vatuabdle freight up to the éth inst., when the Moray‘an gated WFrom tho fact that the operators on board the Great Bastern continued to work the batteries afer inrd.atron had become impaired, it ts argued that the accident, ‘yhatever it may be, bas occurred to the cad!o end aot the Great Eastern, The. leviathan ship was pared for all emergencies that cou'd occur the cable, the worst result that is Potcipated from this third hitch is that the enter rise may bave tobe deferred to another summer. The process of underrunoing is ¢o very slow that ualess the Gefect turned out to be very aear the vessel the catie [people would probably buoy up the end as fer as it was {aid and return to Engiand to avoid ‘any risk of foul Weather. Considerable excitement aad specutation as to the fate ‘of the cable prevailed in Londoa, which was aggravated by the telegraphic wires from Valentia being out of or- der. Within a few days the insurance rates on the cable had deen doubled. Still all bope of a eaceessful accom- plishment of the undertaking bad not been adaciorel, Becing that the original £1,000 tetegraph shares, which a few, months ago were almost wortbless, were seiliag in fie London market on the 3d inst, at 400 to 500, EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE. The Montreal company's steamsbip Morav‘ac reach>d Pather Point yesterday, wih advices from Europe Ove days later. There ta no polifical news of importance. A deatrictive epidem‘c prevailed among cattle in tho Reighbortcod of Lenion, and measures bad been taken by the goreroment to prevent its further spread. Jeromiab Townsend, a clerk in the New Haven Sa¢ fogs Bank, Connecticut, who, it is edeged, absconded to Burope, vin Havana, takiog with bim ove haodred thou- and dollars of the baok funds, had been arrested in Liverpocl gy Philadelphia detectives, aod ail the stcien Money, with the exception of ove tbourad dovare, was found upon bim. Caited States five tweaty bonds had still further de- @lined to 68 in the Londco mooey market on tke 4th fost. American cotion was dowo %4. per poucd, acd Ovber dercripticos 4. to Sod. THE NEWS. Provielooal Governor William Marvin, of Florida, is- ued his proclamation to the peopte of that State on the Bd inst., anoouocing bis appo.ntment by the President Bo! informing them of the necessary eteps to be taken to estore civil goverament, The days for the election of Aclegates to a convention and for the assembiing of the Bame are not decided upop; but they will be named as B00n as proper me shall have beeo given for the people fo take the oath of allegiance and for other cecess Himinaries. As has been done by all the other pro governors, Mr. Marvin informs the citizens that slavery 4a dead and cannot be rosascitated; but be does nct, lke Bomo of bis colleagues, reappoint the local offcers Who officiated under rebel rule, although the old county incumbents are authorized to atiil act in matters Pertaining to tho administration of estater, the record. fing of deeds, and such indispensable business. Until tho reg civil government shall have been restored, Ebe Governor leaves to tho military to preserve order and ake cognizance of ils breacbes throughout the State, acd only nattoval officers or the c vil oBcers of aleyal 8 @r Territory are author'zed to admioieter the ale; @oth. Proclamations havo now been iesued by ail of the Peven provisional governors appointed by Prosdent Joboson for tho States in which, unul the surrender of be revel armies, control was uzarped by the ineurgents, God io one of them—Missise/ppi—delegaies have already Deen elected to the Conventio dit will meet to day, ‘Whe following are the #, with the date’ for beiding @lections and assemb.ing conventions, #0 far as yet Bos.gnaced — Time of Convention, Aag, 14, 1865 Sept. 19, 1865 Sept. 13, 1506 Oct. 4, O«t %, 1865 At a8 eariy a period as practicabie, At as cariy a period a8 practicable. {The arri ntonio on the Lav igst. of the aa cavalry column now marching across Texas from Signseee 4 announced, The int8rior of tho State is Cortes, on the Ist of May Inst, decrood the treaty with the Dominican governmest Baid_to be almosta wildernoss, society is completely demoralized and agricultural operations have boe@ greatly neglected. Thero are additional accounts of the r Teported robberies and general outlawry of In an address which Provisional Governor Hamilton, Of Toxas, delivered to the poople at Houston ou the 38th ult’ "he warned them against cherishing the idea that when they tad once more got their civil government in operation they could restore slavery, and against at- tempting to frame a constitution or enact laws punishing nogroes for any offences from the penalties of which white persons are exempted, or imposing burdens on the ‘one race which the other is not compelled to bear. At the same time he said that the blacks had enough to at- tend to for the present to let the question of voting alone, ‘Advices have been received from the city of Chihua- hua, Mexico, to the 22d of June. Everything was then progressing well with the government of President Juarez, and accounts were daily being received of the uprising of the people everywhere throughout the repub- lic against the empire. The termination of our civil war, ‘and tbe prospect of aid from the United States, had cre- ated universal confidence in the early triumph of the patriots over their invaders. President Juarez was ex- pecting soon to consummate important arrangements with the United States, s} Savannah advices to the 10th inst. are contained in our despatches by the steamships Varuna and Constitu- tion, which arrived here yesterday. The low stage of water at preseat prevailing in the Savannah. river, inter- fering seriously with the transportation of cotten to market, has readered the peopie additionally aaxious for the early completion of the Georgia Central Raliroad, and work on it is being pushed forward as rapidly as pos- sible, as also on the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad, running westward from Savannah. General Brannan has given orders for the Pulaski House to be restored to its original proprietor, Major Wiltburger, who was an officer in the rebel army. J. D. Howell, a brother-in-law of Jeff. Da- vis, who, as previously stated, was arrested for drunken and disorderly conduct and uttering insulting and dis- loyal language in the Pulaski House, has been sentenced toa Give of two hundred and fifty dollars, six months’ imprisonment, and subsequently to be sent out of the district. Another rebel who participated with Howell in his criminal demonstrations has been imprisoned in the city guard house. : There is considerable excitement in Richmond, Va., and vicinity, in consequence of a rumor that orders have been received there forbiddingYany further sales of government military property, it being inforred that this indicates active operations on the part of the United States for the enforcement of the Monroe doc- trine in Maxico. The papers relating to the negotiations of the Canadian delegates in England have been laid before the Canadian Parliament. They bring out in strong relief the nervous anxiety of the British government on the subject of Caya- dian defences. Inone despatch Mr. Cardwell says her Ma- jesty s government isunwilling, under present circuinstan- es, to pross upon Canada any decision on this point which can ‘with prudence” be postponed. ‘But, without an- tic.pating that any causes of differences are likely to disturb our present friendly relations with the govern- ment of the United States, they think it necessary to bear in mind the vast aacession which bas recently been made, and still continues to be made to the military forces of that powerful country. They, cannot forget the very small proportion which the numerical strength of British troops on the North American continent bears to the force which might at any moment be brought into the feld against them. It would be a cause of just reproach against the British government if those troops were suffered to remain in a position Which, on the outbreak of war, they might not be able to hold until the military avd naval resources of the country contd be made available for their support.” According to the Toronto’ Leader, a question of private pelf ig just cow the most absorbing topic in the Canadian Parliament If the session closes under thirty days mem‘ers will be entitled to six dollars only. If it lasts one day longer they may claim six hundred dollars each. The government, bent on economy, are desirous of bring- ing the session to an end within the proscribed limit, and individual members are striving #0 to obstruct business as to secure their six hundred dollars Encouraged by the progress of events in different parts of the world, and especially by the abolition of slavery throughout nearly the whole of the United States, and the prozpect of a total prohibition of it in this country atavery carly day by constitutional amendment, the friends of emancipation in Brazil are actively at work to @fforts looking to its extinction tn that empire, Already propositions for partial emancipation there, as will be seen by interesting articles which we publish this morn- ing, have been introduced in the Braritian Senate, with @ good prospect of becoming legal enactments. If suc: cessful in these measures, their advocates intend to con- tinue their efforts for stilt further concessions in the matter, and hope that before many years they will be able to effect the complete abolition of slavery in their country. Some exphanation of the singular slowness with which the evacuation of the Dominicana republic by the in- vasionary Spanish army haa been proceeding ‘since the aban- document of the war St. Domingo correspondence. It there, is afforded appears Gen- eral Gandara, the Spanish commander, insisted on a clause recognizing that the invasion was made at tho solicitation of the natives, {np their desire for restoration to the protection of the mother country, and that it was abandoned by the invaders voluntarily, #0 s00n as they had sufficient evidénce that the majority of the prople were opposed to tt. This the Dominicans would not and refused to ratify the treaty, since the only got their foothold on the island throagh the treachery of President Santana, and only ceaged beostilities whea they found it imposstble to suc- ceed General Gandara then declared that the war ahould be renewed, and it is possible that we may sou learp of a reeumption of hostilities A very interesting arl:cle descriptive of the immenso frecds on the Internal Revenue act and the man- ner in hich they have been perpetrated is this moroiog transferred to our columas from Western contemporary. This illicit business has 0 cared on to. an onormous extent by the Western det.tieries, and the government has thereby been swiodted out of millions of dollars. ures of the otesding establiahmecis bave been ing place fre. quent:y for some time past, and a large number of them are now either in charge of the reveuue officers or under tho'r sirict eurveiliance Addit:ona) important developments to connection with the Phen.x Bank defalcation are constantly being made Itappoars that Miss Brower was aot the only woman who received the favors of Jenkins In the possession of one of the inmates of a noted female boarding house in Croaby street has beeo found a fine cluster diamond ring, worth eight hundred dollars, which the girl says was given ber by the alleged defaulting toler. Shr soya that be frequontly presented her with large sums of « money, at one time as bigh as five hundred dollars. Louis Mendetsbonn was arreated in Kiogstou, on tho North river, acouple of days ago, and brought to this enty, on charge of being implicated in the extensive game recorded in Saturday's Heratp of swindling merebant tailors by procuring of them cut out garments to make up and then selling the same. It will be remembered that a tailor pamed Joho Harris, living at No. 7 Hester sircet, was charged with obtaining tho goods and selling them to Louis Jobngon, of No. 1 Second street, The police, having received information that some of the articles bad been sent by Johnson to Mendolsboan, pro- ceeded to Kingston and took the latter into custody, but could find none of the goods. It is said that Mendel shonn bad been warned by telegraph and managed to dispose of them before the officers arrived. He was yos- terday arraigned at the Tombs and required to give fifteen bucared doilars bail During @ quarrel early yesterday morning at the lager beer eaioon, No, 637 Second avenue, between some cus tom the proprictor, Emmerich Schneider, the latter, # alleged, after being severely beaten by the former, shot one of them named Coughlin, living at 677 Third avenue, with a navy re ir, producing a wound which tt 1s thought will prove fat Schneider was ar- rested and committed, A party of roughs ianded on Ward's Island early yoa- terday morning, for the purpose of having a prize Oght, but were acattered bofore the Fport bogan by the arrival of the police, who, however, were not able to arrest any of the tn ted persons Two men giving the!r names as James Clark and James Tucker were yeatel committed to the Jefferson mar. ing assaulted Mr Pedro on Saturday o ght, , and stolen his kot police court, on charge of hav: Rincon, of 31 West Sixteont! while he was feaving a Fourth gold watch, About twelve of tho Bisckweil's Island convicts Managed 10 make baie oaape yostorday aflornovd oy plunging into tho river while being tase from tho Poni- + thet bi reached, although the distance is about @ mile anda half. Up toa tate hour last night only one of them had beea A Ore betwoen three and four o'clock yesterday mor- Ring, suppesed to have been of incendiary origin, de- stroyed eight small stables in Lewis street, near Delancey, burning to death three horses, and somewhat damaged a dwelling house on the corner of the two streets. The value of the property destroyed was not great. A sensation existed in Hoboken during yesterday the day before in consequence of reports that the of an apparently dead woman, with considerable blood upon it and torn clothes, was seen lying on the Elysian Fields early on Saturday morning.. A gentleman and lady, ib was said, had discovered the body on the grass and reported the fact in the village; but on returning to the spot with other persons no traces of it could be seen, and the supposition was that it had been thrown into the river. A coroner's investigation of the matter took place, and as nothing definite could be ascertained the conclusion was arrived at that the body was merely that of a woman stupified by drink and debauchery, who, on waking up, aud recovering consciousness, had quietly walked off. The Recent Biection im Kentucky and the Interference of the Military. } The returns from the Kentucky election are yet so incomplete that tt is impossible to tell the.precise result either as to. the Congressional ticket or the Legislature. Inasmuch as the question of endorsing the constitutional amendment abolishing slavery which passed Congress last winter formed one of the principal questions in the canvass for members: of the Legislature, the result is of some importance— probably, however, more so tp the people of that State than any othe it in a measure determines whether the people of Kentucky are ready to adapt themselves to the new order of things, or continue to fight against inevitable fate, and thus keep themselves constantly in hot water, turmoil and excitement. As to the members of Congress the accounts are so conflicting that, under our present advices, we are unable to decide how the delegation stands; but appearances indicate that there will be four republicans to five democrats re- turned. The result in two districts is repre- sented as being very close, and full returns may turn the scale on one side or the other. The gain, if any, is just as probable to the republicans as democrats, and to the demo- crata as’ to the republicans. In regard to the practical effect upon the next Congiess, it can- not possibly make any difference. The repub- lican majority is so large that three or four members here and there will not change the character of the working majority. But there are questions arising out of the developments of the Kentucky election and canvass which demand the most serious attention of the Presi- dent and the American people. All accounts agree that the military, under the ‘command of General Palmer, committed bigh-handed outrages, which, if true, and if con- tinued elsewhere, would seriously affect the righta and liberties of the people. We cannot believe that in the course adopted General Palmer either.acted under orders from Presi- dent Johnson, or that the latter, in the re- motest way, sanctions his action. In fact, the vagaries of this officer, and hie ex- ploits during the canvass, caused the President to demand, by telegraph, an explanation, and General Palmer wrote a letter in reply which proved his utter incapacity as a commander of the district, and was conclusive that hia true position is at the head of some ward political organization. As we understand it, the duties of a commander of a district is to merely see that there f@ no disturbance of the peace and good orfer, aud to render, the civil authorities assistance whenever required in the execution of the laws. Does any person suppose that the people would submit to General Hooker es- tablishidg regulations in-regard to the mode of conducting the election in this State, and to take upou himself to decide who should vote and who should not? The State of Kentucky has never heen out of the Union or gone through the forms of seceding, as was the case witb most of the other Southern States. It is, therefore, in the eye of the law, just as loyal as the State of New York or any other North- ern State. It is true that many of her citizens have been secessionists, and took part in the rebellion aguinst the general government, and are to a certain extent amenable therefor. But the rebellion has been put down; the President has issued an order which fixes the penalties of those who were engaged in it,and what they must do to become citizens and entitled to all the rights and privileges as such. , The ma- chinery of the State government of Kentucky is all intact, and the laws of the State pre- scribe the qualifications of voters. Under the direction of the Governor, the State laws were adjusted to the requirements of the Presideut’s amnesty proclamation, and the officers of the election, the sheriffs and other local police off- cials, were instructed to see that there was no violation of those laws and orders. All that the military could possibly under any circum- stances be justified in doing inthe premis: would be simply to render such aasistance in preventing the infraction of the laws and or- dors by evil disposed persons as the judges of election, sheriffs or police should require. But if we are to believe the published ac- counts, both from democratic and republican authorities, the military under General Palmer not only did not perform this duty, but in many | instances overrode the election officers, sheritfs and other civil authorities, and prescribed who should vote and who should not. During the canvass this political military General de- scended from his position, took the stump, delivering political harangues, and using lan- guage which tended to irritate rather than allay the bitter animosities existing among the peo- ple. On election day, we are told, his subordi- nates appeared at the polls with lists of pro- scribed men, made up, no one knows by whom or bow, and as probably by some malicious persons as any other, As the voters made their appearance they were compelled to an- nounce their names and to await the examin- ation of the liat, to see whether they were among the proscribed, before they would be allowed to approach near the polls. Vainly did the men appeal for the privilege of stating their case to the election judges, and let them decide whether they were voters or not; but all to no use. Their names were on the list in the hands of the military, and that was sufficient. No excuse, and no reason why they were not entitled to vote would be given, and it is announced that in many instances men who have never in the remotest degree favored or assisted the rebellion were placed under arrest and subjected to all manner of,torture and hardships. Acta of this kind disgrace our mili- tary foree. We canaot imagine where General Palmer obtaiaed his orders for anch high- wc toa es ter no is all nonsonse for the Northern radicals to some. fanatical politicians The President bas already called him to an his course in the canvass, and will no doubt agaiy demand ‘an explanation for these singular and msjusti- fiable proceedings on the day of election. In this way let us hope that the public can ascce- tain who is responsible. If deeds of that kind can be performed in Kentucky without rebuke, they can, with just as plausible exouse, be exercised in all the Northern States, and our elections becomes farce and mockery. It is time that some rule should be estab- lished or understanding hag in regard to the elections in all the Southern States. The peo- ple desire to know whether the rules laid down by the President for the electidns in those States recently in rebellion are to be overrid- den by some subordinate at his own bidding. Unfortunately, President Johnson’s health has been such that he has not been able to give this question the attention which the necesal- ties of the case seem to demand. But the ac- tion of Genera! Palmer in Kentucky furnishes him gn example which we have no doubt he will thoroughly investigate, and clear the whole question up. Under the proclamations of the President in reference to the reorganiza- tion of. the South he has wisely directed that the laws regulating the elective franchise which existed prior to the rebellion shall’ be enforced, with the condition that one and all shall take the oathof allegiance before they can exercise that right. In addition to that, certain classes are excluded from taking the oath or voting until they have received special pardon. Now, all who take the prescribed oath are, in the eye of the law, as loyal as any person in the North, and are entitled to all the rights of citi- zens, voting included, provided they are not excluded by the provisions of the State laws. Neither the military nor any other authority has a right to interfere in the exercise of that privilege, or set aside the result on the pretext that those elected were once secessionists, or those who voted for them were such. It is the duty of the military to assist the civil officials in maintaining order and in preventing any person not qualified under the State laws, or who has not taken the oath of allegiance, from voting, and there their authority ends. Anything be- yond that, whether in South Carolina, Virginia, Kentucky or Ohio, is in violation of the laws, and such we believe will be the decision of President Johnson as soon as he can have an opportunity to give this question his attention. The Next Session of Congress. The question of the admission of members to the next Congress from the Southern States is a subject that is now agitating the public mind and is one’ pregnant with important conse- quences. With a law of Congress prohibiting any one from holding a seat in that body who had. been engaged in the rebellion it is difficult to solve the question who the South can send— for there is no prominent man alive in the Southern States who has not, directly or indi- rectly, been concerned in the war. The first matter to be considered, then, is, manifestly, the repeal of the law, so aa to relieve the South of the disability of being represented in the national Congress. Will the radicals consent to do this? That is the question. We have no doubt there will be an intense struggle to keep the South out, but the people of the North are more anxious for the South to come back than the South her- self is to return. Hence if the majority insist upon carrying out their plans, and closing the doors of Congress upon the South, the Northern people will arouse themselves to the necessity of putting down the radicals and opening the portals of the Union to every wayward sister who comes back, casting around her the. cloak of charity and forgiveness, with complete ob- literation of the past. The South has been restored to her political rights by the amnesty proclamation and by the* oaths of allegiance taken by her citizens. No further teats can be required, unless it be the test of probation, and" that is, of course, out of the question. The men of the South who have conformed to the requirements of the government are entitled to vote, and itis absurd to argue that they have not the power to select their own representatives; and itis a still greater absurdity to say that these representatives shall not be received when elected. To deny the South this. would be placing her in a worse condition than the American colonies were before the revolution, when the deprival of the right of representa- tion was one of the prime causes of separation from the mother country. No such doctrine can stand before the American people. When a Southern rebel takes the oath of allegiance he must be regarded as being restored to his former political rights. He is as good a6 any other citizen in the eye of ‘the law. The gov- ernment must re@ognize this fact, else why ad- minister the oath at all? No doubt President | Johason understands this matter, and if the radicals do not wish to go before the people in the pending State elections in a position inimical to the administration they will handle this subject with fairness and moderation. The President regards it to be as much an act of disloyalty to prevent a recusant State from coming into the Union as it is for one to go out; and if the Northern States oppose the re- storation of the seceded States they are as criminal as the original secessionists, and liable to all the pains and penalties of secession. Suppose these Southern reprosentatives be re- jected, what will follow? They will, of course, be re-elected; and if again rejected they will be again chosen, and there will be no end to the furce. Congress has no more right to keep the representatives of the Southern States out of the Capitol than it has to keep out the repre- sentatives of the New England States. In either case the wrong is manifest, and will not be tolerated by the people. Between the intolerant radical and the repentant rebel the good sense of the people will not be long in deciding. About the qneStion of negro suffrage, the Southern States should insert a clause in their constitutions regulating the prerequisites for a negro’s vote. Here ian New York there is a property qualification. The same provision exists in most of the New England States. The Southern States have the same right to fix the standard of qualification for voting a3 any Northera State. They should make their fran- chise code embrace the requirements of read- ing and writing, and good moral, religious education. This tho North haa not done, By this means the intelligent blacks of the South will have a chance to become somebody, and tho ranting Jacobina of the North will have an opvortunity to fraternize with them, aa they attempt to prevent the wayward sisters _ Py yee ete be any anti-edministration men, that is another matter. It will give apice to the proceedings of Congress, and Andy Jobnson bas sense | enough to know that a spirited administration im the Union is better than a fiat one out of it. Who Shall Wear Seoretary Seward's Ola : Clothes? There are rumors that Lord Palmerston will soon retire from public life; and similar rumors in regard to Secretary Seward are constantly. set afloat, Weknow not how much truth there may be in these reports; but we presume that, in relation to Secretary Seward at least, there must be a little fire where we see such a deal of smoke. Secretary Seward has been the great man of this State for many years, and the discussion in regard to his successor in that po- sition will be extremely interesting. Thurlow Weed, the State barber, who made Seward what he is, and has sustained him through the ups and downs of polities and parties, has re- cently removed -from Albany@to this city, in order. to pull the wires for the succession more readily. For the samo reason he has trans ferred his editorial stool from the office of the Evening Journal to that of the Times, which is to be his organ in the new movement. It is rather a difficult thing to make a great man to |. order, and Thurlow Weed requires all the aid of the metropolis and of a metropolitan paper to assist him in his arduous work. The two men who are the most prominent candidates for Mr. Seward’s place as the lead- ing politician of the State are Mesers, Raymond and Greeley. Raymond is iow a member of the lower House of Congress, and Greeley has already occupied a desk there for a brief term. The programme is to take whoever of these gentlemen is the successful candidate for Seward’s boots, run him into the United States Senate, and thence transfer him to the Cabinet. Seward’s boots are not so very large that a man cannot be found to fill them; but they are |. of # very peculiar shape and will fit very few people. It is very doubtful whether Greeley can get into them. He has certain fanatical corns which they would pinch terribly. If he were even to go into the Cabinet it would probably be in the position of Post- master General, which he has long waited for and expected and desired ; and that position is not exactly suitable for the great man of the ‘great State of New York. But, on the other hand, Greeley may cause considerable trouble if anybody else be preferred before him as Seward’s successor. His withdrawal from the old political firm in which he was a partner was for the reason that Weed and Seward wanted to make a tool of-him, instead of giv- ing him a fair share of the profits. Some day or other he may retire from the republican party because of unfair treatment. The State barber cannot, therefore, afford to count Gree- ley out entirely in any of bis calculations. It is evident, however, that Weed is inclined to try his hand at making Raymond the great man, in the event of Seward’s retirement. Raymond is a little fellow, like Seward, and the old clothes of the Secretary of State will probably fit him, boots and all. In one respect Raymond haa the advantage of Greeley ; for he can change his clothes pretty rapidly, so a3 to keep in the latest fashion, while Greeley sticks pretty steadily to his black stock and his old white coat and hat. Besides this, Raymond was the friend and biographer of Lincoln, and is now cultivating friendly relations with Joha- son, while Greeley, who only half assented to the nominations of the Baltimore Convention, was véry cool towards Honest Old Abe, and has drifted into a positive hosiility to Andy Johnson, of Tennessee. We admit that to be in favor at the White House is merely a tem- porary advantage, because the next great man of the State may last for twenty years, and the President may only last four ; but still it is an advantage while the work of manufacturing the great man is actually going on. For the present we shall be content to watch the con- test with interest, and to: record Weed’s moves, Greeley’s chances and Raymond’s prospects as they are developed, without risking a predic- tion one way or the other. at the same time, it is @ source of gratiffation to us that the two persons from whom is to be selected the future great man are both journalists. No small portion of the work we marked out for ourself when we started the Herato will have been accomplished when it is conclusively de- monstrated that politicians can no longer use editors aa their mere instruments, but must respect their abilities, follow their advice, and make way for them when they choose to aspire to high offices. Messrs. Greeley and Raymond are ambitious for the honor of Seward’s posi- tion, and Weed is anxious to make the great man, so that be can control the subordinate places in his department; but hundreds of other people, of high and.low degree, are pecu- niarily and politically concerned in the issue of the contest over the old clothes which Seward has not yet discarded, and we know of but tew subjects so important to a large number of our readers. Tax News rrom tae Great Eastern ann THe Atuaytic ©. —The latest news from the Great Eastern is important, and, though em- bracing the announcement of another disaster, is encouraging. The latest previous dates to those of the Moravian were to July 29, when communication with the Great Eastern waa lost by the failure of insulation in the cable. It appears by the Moravian’s news that this difficulty was repaired and the conductivity restored. Up to August 2 five hundred miles additional—twelve hundred miles in all—of the cable were paid out, when the “Signals from the Great Eastern became unintelligible.” From that date until the sailing of the Moravian, on the 4th inst., no further communication had been had with the Great Eastern, and the cause of the difficulty was unknown, This. is the third mishap to the cable, In the two former cases the difficulty was described as very for- midable—at least much more so than in the last instance. Since these difficulties were |. remediod there. is reason to hope that the last. may have been, and that the next news will be still more encouraging. Nothing bad been heard of the Great Eastern at Heart’s Con- teat up to the 9tb instant, though, at the slow rate at which she travelled during her first Give days out, sho was not then due at that point. The English Insurance agents appear to have lost much of their confidence in the thern States are Union men. , If there | In another column we give an account of the movement for the ition of slavery in Brasil. This inatitutfon exists in every part of that em, pire, and the vast majority of all the laborers are slaves. Tiey ard estimated at throo mil- lions—about one-third the population of the country. Therets nowhere in the empire any considerable’ body*of Braxilians who are not slaveowners. It is obvious, therefore, that any movement to cbamge the condition of this im- mense niimber of laborers coulii not originate, as with us, ina part of the compara- tively removed from the direct of slayery,and among men not persousily inte- rested in its existence: In fact, the movement in Brazil originates with theslaveowners, Itis @ measure that many of them favor out of a sincere and earnest conviction that the destruc- tion of the institation of slavery is necessary for the welfare of the country and of both the races imit. We give the draft of the law by which they proposa to effeet’ this grand object. It wisely attempts to avoid’ the evils of making | 90 great a change in society too suddenly. Society could only endure that under the in- fluence of some great convalsion like our recent | war. The main provisions of the proposed law | are that vagrant slaves shal? no longer be sold if not claimed no longer to new masters, but shall be in three months; that slaves , pass by inheritance; that in ten years allalaves over twenty-five years old aball be free; that im fitteen years slavery shall dease to exist im Brazil, and that provision sball be made ia every parish for the aged and fmfirm. And while we héar of these movements-on the part of the dominant race, we hear alse of meve~ ments of the slaves in some parts of Brazil. It is said that the negroes indicate aminaurrec~ ' tionary diaposition im Para and Peraambuco, and their movements: of this nature are attri- buted to the fact that they have learned. of the: abolition of slavery here. In this. movement for a noble object-—before’ agitated in Brazil, but now revived witli great |, zeal—we see the influence of our own recent example. We have shown a national abolition of slavery to be possible, and we are destined to lead the: nations. in this. direction as we ‘are already leading them politically. Our infln~ ence: on the political life of other nations. is clear and positive. It is in every one’s memory. with what eagerness the governments of Westera: Europe prophesied our destruction when the’ war broke out. They only gave expression to: their hopes: in the declaration that we would not come through the struggle with a remnant. of our national power. They declared that no: republican government ceuld pass througl ‘sucha etruggie safely. They: pointed to monar- chies as,the only. governments that were.atrong: enough to put down rebellions; and showed that. the attempt even to protect ourselves would’ | make the matter worse; and’ that’ the war would leave: us a collection of isolated, quar- relsome, powerless States.. And there seemed so much in‘history to favor-their views that the friends, of. human freedom, everywhere were inclined to look upon our‘war as the death- blow to all liberality and progress in govern- ment, and as an event that once more rivetted the chains with-which the old’ tyrannies hed bound down the people. But with the suddea- ness almost of’a'thostrical change, this war, that had made the cause of the people seem se hopeless, made that same cause in another instant brighter and more ‘hopeful than over. We came out of the struggle stronger and greater in national power than we had gone into it, We had preserved our government “without veiling the statue of liberty,” and we had shown that @ republican government, as well aa. being the best, was also the safest gov- ernment on the carth. And the force of this example: has. strengthened republicsa senti- menta and principles throughout the world to- an oxtent that itis hatdly posstile for those who live: at present to appreciate.. The infle- ence of the glorious evidence we have givem in favor of our system of government will be seen hundreds of years hence in the history of the destruction of the monarchies. that now milagovern Europe. . Sg But the influence of our example is now seen in: another direction, and ins way that shows not less distinctly that we are a moral ay well as a political centre for the thoughts of the civilized portions of the human race. We have by a grand example shown how perfect @ government is that based upon the will-of the people. And we have also shown. that there is no relic of the barbarous past, no evil instite- tion, however its.roots may seem-eatwined ia the very vitality of the nation, that may mot be torn up and thrown out by the grand sponte- neous movement of the masses. This example has made us a utoral Power’ on the earth. We have spent in four yeara over three thousand millions of dollars, we have devastated one great section of the country, we have givem hundreds of thousands of men—the very flower of the nation—all to destroy: an obnoxious in- stitution that barred our progress. These were terrible sacrifices, and any people might justly hesitate long and endure the worst evils that plague society before they would venture to better their condition at such a price. But we have shown that a nation may make such sacri- fices and be the better, the stronger, the fresher Yor it, and this has given a grand impulse to every idea that aims to better the comdition of men. This stimulates the Brazilians and thoir “government to redtwed efforts in the right direction, and this already endangers every institution on the earth that stands asa bar- rier against human progress. It is also quite natural that the negroes should become restive in their bonds, whon they hear that four mil- lions have been suddenly made free in another country. They do not know how this hap- pened, and will perhaps suppose that all those men secured their freedom by insurrection, and many may endeavor, therefore, to secure theirs in that way. Brazil, then, mast burry the emancipation ; for while we have shown hor that abolition is possible, our example has also made the dangers of slavery greater than ever. F Sarina or Tae Cantrornia Steaaprs.—Oue correspondent at Panama has, on several ocow sions, reported thé great inconvenience arising from the present arrangement of the sailing of the steamers for Aspinwall. Aa it now is, on nearly every occasion they tail to connect with the British steam packet at Panama for the South Pacific porta; hence those persona doing busi- auccess of the onterprise, as the insurance } oa the cable had advanced, since previous ness with that locality are pat to great in- convonienge, and fraqueatly sustain loss, by eee TS | | | ?