The New York Herald Newspaper, July 31, 1865, Page 3

2 FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. | PR EES Sonpar, July 20, 1865. ‘The past week bas witnessed a very excited market for railway stocks, owing mainly to the manipulation of Erie by the bull clique, headed by the speculative direc- tor of the road, The company declared a dividend of four per cent on the common and three and ahalf on the preferred stock on Wedneeday, and the stock, which had risen in anticipation of it, continued to rise on the strength of it, touching 99 on Thursday morning on the street. After that it remained active, and fluctuated rapidly. On Saturday it became rather heavy, and closed on the street at 943g, notwithstanding that the cash price during the day was % higher than the regular one, The manner in which the stock has been manouvred since the bill authorizing the issue of new stock passed the Legislature leads to the inference that the latter has been used to affect its market value, else Erie would hardly have declined to 44, as {t did some months ago, The entire market sympathized with the course of Erie, the next most active and buoyant stocks being Michigan Southern, Cleveland and Pittsburg and Hudson River. The money market was easy throughout, but it in- sreased in activity as the week advanced, and at the close the rate for call loans on government and railway and miscellaneous collaterals was seven percent. The sales of gold and cotton by the government have absorbed a considerable amount of currency, and, together with the drafts on the sub-agents, have reduced the supply of legal tenders in the banks. The currency in the Sub-Treasury had increased to $60,489,802 on Suturday afternoon. The Treasury bal- ances with the national banks have been down rather close, and it was estimated by Mr. Jay Cooke on the day the last of the seven-thirty loan was taken that the Fgnds in their hands all over the country did not aggre- “At. more than fifty millions. The Treasury is provid- ng in Addition to its current disbursements for the pay- ment a” nearly eleven millions of interest on geven- thirty aon Which fallsdue on the 16th of August Therefore tly Te Will be a diminution in the balance in the Sub-Treasm,¥ after that date. But meanwhile there is no prospect of stingency. The continued increase in the national bank ¢,"°Ulation, together with the largo volume of currency outs,""4ing, operates against such a condition of the money marke," .. he gold raat has been, on ‘he whole, firm, not- withstanding sales of coin by the fap. Treasury to about the extent of its customs receipts. On ‘Tu!#ay after. based noon there was a sudden rige of the premidin, partly upon a Mexican canard, and in the evening he price rose to 147, Cash gold has been abundant, and loans have been freely made without interest. But for the large export of securities which has been going for- ward for some time past the price of gold would have advanced considerably more than it has done; for, although our exports have latterly shown an increase, oue imports have been in excess of the average. The specie valuation of last weck’s imports was $4,267,320, and for the previous week $6,206,463. The exports for the week euding July 24 were, on the other hand, valued at only $2,947,348 in currency. On Saturday the news of the advance of five-twentles to 72 a 7234, together with a sale of gold by the Sub-Treasury, depressed the price to 143% a 144, at which the market closed. The quotation for flve-twentles by the previous steamer was 71% a %. It is fair to infer that the ten- dency of the gold market will be towards a recovery next week, The export of securities exposes us to the danger of having them suddenly returned to us, and sooner or later it must stop, and then shipments of gold will be substituted. In the interval, the larger the shipments of securities the higher the gold premium hereafter is in danger of being, but temnporay!y their shipment restores to a great extent the so-caflod balance of trade, and depresses the rates for foreign exchange accordingly. ‘The extrome quotations on the strect during the week ‘wore :— Foreign exchange, owing to the continued shipment of five.twenties, was dull, and the closing rate for bankers’ bills was 108%; « %, 109, however, being generally asked. Should tho Atlantic submarine cable be successfully Jaid it will lead to the daily adjustment of the value of five-twenties, Erie and Illinois Central, in London, in ac- cordance with the New York market, and at the same time act apon the price of gold. The fluctuations on both fides of the ocean will bo more frequent in consequence, but they will be lighter. Government securities have shown an improving ten- dency, and should the shipments of five-twenties con- tinue, and the gold market remain firm, these securities will be likely to experience a further advance in the home market. Those of the old issuo were quoted at 1055 a % just previons to the receipt of the European nows on Saturday, but afterwards there were no sellers ‘at these prices. The policy of the Taeasury in solling its surplus gold is open to criticism, becanso it is not in accordance with tho act of Congress authorizing sales of gold, and therefore the Secretary of the Treasury has no authority to «make such sales no act provides that the surplus gold may bo sold after the provisions for the creation of a inking fund have been complied with, and as these have not been complied with, but utterly disregarded, he is clearly unauthorized to sell any gold received on account of customs duties, The prosent wants of tho Treasury may in some degree ‘excuse its course in this respect; but it must not be lost sight of that the customs duties are pledged to the pay- ment of the gold bearing debt of the government, and that the holders of its funted securities will, if at any time the Treasury should dofault in the payment of its coin interest, have good grounds to complain of the course of the Treasury in disposing of its eoin for cur- reucy. Mr, Chase did eo, it is true; but, to quote a vulgarism, two wrongs do not make a right. ‘Tho closing prices of stocks at the first board on the ‘four last Saturdays were :>— Stokes, Suly 8. July VS. Tuly 22. July 29. Atlantic Mail.......4..065 1564 108% «16k 159 ‘Alton and Terre Haute RR. of _ Et Cleveland & Pitteburg...._ 7 8% «OTN 2 Cloveland & Toledo. 103 — 103 Chicago & Rock Islan: 7% «107% «108% Chicago & Northwestern... 28 28 x 2034 Chicago & Northweatorn pf 655, O25 Ciy ‘74 Chicago, Burlington&Qo’y.111 ~ =-,, a Cumberland Coal. “ a a 49% Canton Company... 3 40% 40 Chicago and Aiton RR.... 9534 wo wo Delaware & Hudson Canal. 149 — 133 ut 10h 5 128 107 nag 24 aT 9615 82% 25 98 68M 101s Registered 6's of 1881....106%% 107 106% «= 10T% Coupon 6's of 1881.......107 107% = «107 107 Five-twenties, coupons...10634 105% 10414 106 Five-twonties, registered. 105 104% «1045, 105 Ton-forties, coupons... 97 01% 96% 9T forties, registered, 97% 86 963, OT Bixes of 1867...... seeeee = —_ = uy Beven-thirtice, 2d series.. 9976 100 BR 995 The folfowing table shows the importe of foreign dry goods at the port of New York for the month of July in tho years 1863, 1864 and 1865 :— hasten Bees ont, at port. $4,715,965 | $10,000,000 a year. In his second pamphlet this sub- NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY. JULY 31 1865. soven months of the calendar year have been as follows:— Enered for Consumptirn. 1863. 1864. 1865. Manufa. of wool. ,..$9,574,695 841,059 8,013,004 Manufs. of cotton, 142298 410,416 8,075, 262 Manufs. of silk... rary 9,568,461 8, 638,631 Manule of flax.....; 4,103,926 6,286,986 4,073,518 Miseel’s dry goods... 1,587,410 2,203,001 1,194, Withdrawn jrom We Manutfs. of wool... $2,586,519 Manufs. of cotton.. 862,083 Manu's. of silk. 1,682,196 Manufs. of flax. 905,372 Miscel’s dry goods.. 264,499 Total...... ....+-$6,119,068 11,789,676 14,131,155 Add ent. for cons’n, 24,318,000 35,477,871 21,990,663 Total thrown on the a, market, $90,487,008 47,217,047 96,130,718 Entered for Warehousing. ye ome taeek Stas fanui cotton, Manufs. of silk, 630, Pras Manufs. of flax. 25] Miscel’s dry goods... "370,574 361, 17,644,858 9,850, 318, warren 21,989,563 Total ent. at port, $35,112,025 * 63,122,729 81,850,399 The Boston Traveller of Saturday says:— rd to monetary affairs. The supply of currency is large, and the demand for it is or sufficient hogive full employment to idle balances. The banks and pri- vate lenders charge six per cent interest for loans on call, and from seven to seven and a half in other cases. ‘The public payments are equal to the receipts, and this fact keeps money from being scarce, and res it a wide c.rculation all over the country. Note buyers cannot get all the good business paper they want at seven and eight percent, and are therefore buying certificates of in- debtedness, which pay about as well: The stock market ie mere acti yngrinarey are as many orders to buy as re are to sel widend paying securities lative adventures. si ils aie The shipments of specie from the port of New York last week, and since January 1, compare as follows with the exports during the same time last year:— 1864, 1965, Thirtieth week.. $401,312 180,715 Proviously reported. . 90,616,503 18,446,178 Total from January 1......$01,017,205 Bugee MMe aici $120 TB The following national banks were authorized during the week ending July 20:— Lo «tion. Capital. ve vs $50,000 \. 000 - Worchester, Tl. , 60,000 «Methuen, Mass.. 190,000 -Wol N.#. 15,000 Lirst, ‘Red Wing, Minn. 60,009 Battexki Manchester, Vt.. 15, National UniOw Bank of Md. Baltimore, Md... 1,258,725 Jefierson county. ++ . Watertown, N.Y. 148,800 Brooklyn, N.Y. ,000 «Newport, R.1.. 120,000 -Lancaster, Ky.. 100,000 ‘Winsted, Conn, 3,000 Capital of new bank: Previously authorized Whole nomber of nati ed to date, 1,494, with an ageregate capital of 376,469,281 to national Amount of circulation issued Previously issued. . Total + $161,196,830 The following nation: ive been authorized by the Sccretary of the Treasury as additional depositories of the public money:—State, Des Moines, Iowa; Mas- sasoit, Fall River, Mass.; Fulton county, Gloversville, N. Y.; Middletown, Middletown, N, ¥.; Farmer, Ashta- bula, Ohio. The following communication in relation to Jay Cooke’s thoory of placing an uncohstitutional ‘export duty upon cotton for the purpose of paying our national debt is from @ source possessing more practical intelligence on the laws and systems of finance “than any of the great government broker's Bohemian writers:— On seeing in the Henarp, of July 22, under the a ia a of the ‘National Debt,’ the communication of J, K. Fisher, in which he suggests a tax on cotton—that he is a free trader—that “cotton is a natiral monopoly of this country,’ and inthe same number of the Heraup that of “Vox Populi,” in which he recommends an “export tax on cotton, of which we profess a monopoly of pro- duction,” leads me to a few remarks on what scems to obtain very gencrally in the community, viz:—That the United States possess a monqpoly of cotton production, therefore, Ict us make ft the packhorse In the matter of our public debt, and impose export duties, Jay Cooke in his first pamphlet estimates that an ex- port dnty on cotton and one or two other staples of the South, of which we have “the control of the markets of the world,” would give an income of $60,000,000 to 8,280,165 167,907,665 ject of an export ip Ad cotton is more elaborately con- ‘sidered and u: jut, as it is against the constitution, it 1s propor to have the constitution amended tn that respect, and if not, a complicated traverse is worked, beginning by taxing cotton at the plantation. When, as was stated in Parliament discussions, drawn from the returns of the Board of Trade, that the imports of raw cotton from the United States before tho war were eighty-tive per cent of the total import, we did possess the control of the European market. So did the rebel Congress carly at Montgomery, believing they could command the cotton eta of the wi lay an ex. port duty on cotton. But what have four years devel- rel Queen Victoria, in her late speech atthedissolution of Parliament, on the 6th of July, says ‘‘sbe trasts that the largo supply which her Indian dominions ‘wilt afford ‘Tho imports of ary gooas at Now York for the first | sales embraced 800 bbls. Brandywine at our revised quo- tations, We quote:— ‘Superiine Stave and Western flour. , $6104 665 Extra State...... - 685 a 700 Choice State, -710a 720 Common to medium extra Western. »7100a 750 Extra round hoop Ohio. . +8156 a 840 Western trade brands. seers 8 86 990 Common Southern, + THe 8% Fancy and extra ds . 8 800 12 25 Common Canadian. - 70a 750 Good to choice and extra, +7008 920 5 50a 610 4900 600 55a 6 80 2a % ies in- cluded 110,000 bushels at $1 62 for amber Milwaukee, 05 a $2 10 for amber Michigan, $1 62 9 $1 65 for thica; ing, for prime winter red Western and ‘1 85 for winter red State. The corn market was dull d heavy, but without decided change. The sales con- ‘turn lower. bushels corn per steamer, to fill at 2d., at %d. The charters were an Italian Liverpool, 2,200 bbls. petroleum at 4s. bark, 585 tons, to Falmouth for ordi leum, if to the United Kingdom 6s. nent between Havro and Stettin, 68., 7.; a British bark, 16,000 bushels Roads ft 43. ld, if 3s. 104. or Newport 8s. if to another direct port in Bristol Channs an Argentine brig, 244 tons, to Seville, 40,000 $32 60 for light pipe, and $40 60 for heavy pipe; British brig, 99 tons, to8t, Domingo and back, $1,800, half gold; a British schooner, 120 Weave to and back,’ $2,000, half gold; a ech 171 tons, from St. Mary's river, Ga., to Trinidad, P. 8., lumber, $14 75; two steamers from Mobile to New York, mn 20, per Ib., and 5 per cent prim: com] and delivered aldngalde; three or four brigs to Cow Bay, ©. B., and kK, $4750 $5; three to Lingan and back, $4 75;a schooner to Portland, corn, 5¢.; one to Charlestown, in, coal, rn, 53<c. ; one to Fall River, 4c. ; one to Newbu 6) 5 ‘one to Providence, 4c. ; one from Port BAS tbosbot! iron, $1 90; one from Elizabethport to Boston, $1 70; an Italian brig, 1,700 bbis., to Genoa, Bhip, $00 tons, Bordeaux, tobacco; a ship, 900 hhds. to- bacco to Marseilles or Genoa; a bark, 842 tons, to Cette; a brig, 244 tons, to Para, 1600 flour, and back; a brig, 4,000 bbls., to Bisal and back, and a bark, 831 tons, to a Gulf port and back, on private terms. Frurr.—The market was moderately active, and pricer, though without decided change, ruled in favor of the er. ‘The salos include 500 boxes la; $7.19, 400 do. bunch at $6 40 a $6 50, 150 at Oc.; in gold; 18 casks Turkish prunes, mainly at 9c. a 0340. | 100 cases half-boxes and 1,800 do. quarter-boxes sardines, part to arrive, at 30c. for the former and 16%<c. a 17\c. for the Jatter, ingold, and 3,000 bunches Baracoa bananas at $1. Hay was in good request at $1 10 a $1 20 for city bale, $1 * $1 05 for shipping, and 75c. @ 90c. for new crop, cash, (ors were steady, with sales of 90 bales at 10c. a 300. for common to good quality; 35c. for a small lot extra fancy. ‘Mo avers was firm, but in light demand. We note sales of 75 hhds. Porto Rico at 75c, a 85c,, and 60 do. Cuba muscovado at 450. a 55c. Naits.—The market for cut nails was steady, and sind were firm, We quote:—Clinch, 6c. a 63¢c. ; forged, for 8d. ; copper, 60c; yellow metal, 80c., and zinc 20c, PsTROLEUM was quict and in every respect unchanged. Provisions.—Receipts 790 bbls. pork and 221 packages cut meats. The pork market was more active, and, un- der considerable ree ices ruled higher. The sales were about 10,000 bbls. at $33 35 a $25 for new mess, cash and regular, closing at $34 623¢ and $29 a for old do., $24 50 @ $25 for prime and $26 a $27 for prime mess; also, for Angust, sel- ler’s option, about 3, bbls. new mess at $32 a $32 50. The market was firmer, with more bust the sales being about 1,800 barrels, at $0 ‘a $12 for plain mess, and $11 a $14 for extra mess, clos- ing steady. Boef hams were in light supply, and ve firm. ¢,Cut meats were rather more active, but wi noticeable change. ‘The sales were about, 600 Bees at 5c, a17c. for shoulders, and 193¢c, a 23c. ms. Bacon was dull, and entirely nominal, The lard market ‘was less active, but prices remained firm; sales about 950 barrels, at 19c. a 25¢.—the outside price for choice kettle rendered in small lots. Butter was in fair request, at 2c, a 2c. for Ohio, and 28c. a B4o, for State. Cheese ‘was steady, at 10c, a 15ygc. for common to prime. a was dull, but FO ee boyy, ri NK was quiet at grease in smail brought ise, al g ‘Svaan.—The market was firm at yesterday's quota- tions, with onl: moderate business doing. The sales included 600 hi Cuba, at 1lo. a 15%c.; and 200 boxes Hav: at 12%c. a 16%c. Refined sugars were un- with Only a light busineas doing. ‘Tal Low was steady, with sales of about 250,000 Ibs., at 11%c. a 12¢. ‘Tra,—The market was firm, but holders were asking above the views of purchasers, which served to restrict trade outside the usual line of business. ‘Tonacoo was in fair request and prices remained firm. ‘Wursxry.—Receipts 140 bbls, The market was some what firmer, with a much better business doing at the advance, the sales being abeut 600 bbls Western at $2 16 @ $2 16, closing steady. Police Intellig DOMESTIC DIFFICULTY —WIF! ! Martin Maloney and bis wife Bridget, residing in East | ness doit Thirteeuth street, became involved in a quarrel at a late hour on Saturday night, during which Mrs. Maloney was of the raw material of manufacturing industi together ve beot Oe ee eaonet thaahvi wenn thaitmded Melee bt eee reek enean: Gecetaines sasesaveret will prevent the recurrence of the distress which long | ¢ Bellevue Hospital, and officer Conely, of the Seven- preva.led among the manuiacturing population of some of | teenth precinct, arrested the accused. Justice Shandiey the northern counties.” The commercial bulletins ad- vise us of the cotton laden fleet, with four or five hundred thousand bales constantly at sea, fromm In@ian ports—ar- rival cargoes succeeded by new departures, This is akin to the fleet of ships, grain and flour laden, from the United States to Great Britain, for two late successive years, where over fifty million bushels of cereal produce for cach of the two years were borne by a fleet where the ship of five hundred tons was ever in sight of the next preceding and the next succeeding one, and this fleet lino so continued for the two years, besides large quantities at the same time exported from the United States to the North American, West Indian, South Ameri- can, European, African and Australian ‘possessions of Great Britain, ‘Then, in cotton production, bes.des the United States and India, to say nothing of other por- tions of the world, there is Egypt, which for many years bas been the third or fourth nation in the amount of English imports of wheat; in Egypt the cotton bale is crowding the marts by every species of convey- ance, and the pearants returning home inden with specie, If the United States alone furnished cotton Jay Cooke's theory Would so long be sound; but as ihe facts exist to the contrary so glaring an export duty on cotton becomes, to the same extent as against the United States, a bounty to all cotton growing countries haying Europe asa market, Who does not wee thai? You might with equal reason, if coustitutional, impose an export duty on grain and flour. Hence Jay Cooke's finaneial heresy of cotton export duties, But cottou emibod‘es the labor of the nation, East, Weat ‘and North as weil as South, to a much greater amount than any other of our exporiable staples—indeed equal to ail of them, and we had almost said with that of the product of our mines added. Our cotton tields, rightly managed, are the gold mines of the country. Tn the reat crop of 1 , Jess than two per cent of the area ‘of the cotton States was in cotton, In two of nature's grent adyantages—rainfull and heat—so blended and com- bined jor the growth of cotton, the United States surpass ny oth-r section of the globe. ‘The government, by & wise aud efficient course, could make the cotton beervient to an early resumption of specie pay- disastrous curtaiment of paper cur- ren y, always at: \d with revulsion, And yet further, by pursuing an enlightened policy the government coul mako the cotton staple, which combines, as we have sald, so largely of the whole nation’s labor by a more rapid augmentation of pational wealth, diminish the burden of the public debt and sceure its early extinguishment, It is suid England conquered Bonaparte by means of her manafactures, Others ineist that it was cotton. we aver that cotton may conquer and pay our public debt, ' erop ments without t committed him for examination. SHOOTING AFFRAY IN PRINCE STREET. Robert McMenee and Jobn McGee had a quarrel on the corner of Mott and Prince strects about half-past two | o'clock yesterday morning, when MeMenec drew a loaded revolver, one barrel of which he discharged at McGee, the ball taking effect in his under jaw and lodging in the back part of the mouth, inflicting @ vory dangerons | wound, The Fourteenth’ precinct police conveyed the injured man to the New York Hospital and mad® search for MeMenee, but he had escaped and could uot be fount ATTEMPT TO KILL AN OFFICER, Yesterday morning, about haif-past two o'clock, officer Stran, of the Sixteonth precinct, while on duty obs rved a suspicious looking young man running up Nineteenth street, near Seventh avenue, Believing that the fugitive had been engaged in the commission of crime, officer Stran pursued and arresied the runaway, who proved a notorious character, named James Tallent, recently (so say the polics) di harged from Sing 8 ng Prison, where he has served out 1 term of three years. The prisoncr was much into ated and inclined to be disorderly. While being ts’ on to the station house the prisoner slipped out of his coat and fied, but the officer ed and rearrested him. At that time a crowd of Tatent's friends and companions gathered about the officer and attempted to rescue their confederate. During the struggle that ensued soveral pistol shots were fired at the officer, but fortunately none of them took effect. Other officers soon arrived and dispersed the rowdies, and as- sisted officer Stran to take his prisoner to the station houze, Justice Dodge required Tallent to give bail for his future good behavior; but in default thereof the mag- istrate sent him to the Penitentiary for six months, BURGLARY IN LAMARTINE PLAOR. The dweling house of Mr, Street, No.9 Lamartine Jace, was entered by burglars on Sa by forcing open the basement door, during cg TG of the fawily in the country; but, after seouring # quan- tity of plander with which they were about to the burglars were discovered by a domestic living across the strect. Sho gave the alarm, when the rascals escaped without takin yihing with them. Roundsman ony pe of the ntieth precinct, was soon on the spot, and recured the premises, SOLDIER ROBBED IN A DISREPUTABLE HOUSE. Mena Selback, a German woman keeping a disrepa- | ing you at every step, from the fragrant gardens in front ‘Allusion ha beets made to free trade, ‘The doctrine of | table house at No. 48 Hudson street. wag yesterday are freo trade in its practical workings ia, England, in hee revted by ofcer Fields, of Whe Fut wocingh ot the circumstances, does woll for ber. The se stealing $226 in Treasury noes, ‘rou John returns for 1863 show that in food she imported of the Thorne, a soldier attached to tl ty 7th Minote Voluntecrs. Thorne entered the value in Found numbers $300,000,000, and of raw mate- defendant's louse last Monday night, and while there took hie “mnohey rinls for fabrics to clothe the people $300,000,000 m: “ making In food and raw material eis ‘which to feed and the accuned clothe the population 600,000,000 a year. The imports is ‘Without his consent, saying cone ne eration inne, Deterting, sccording | inet was . the custom of | Ret ae to the rule of computation of her own writers, the quan- | that she should take charge of all moneys broagin there tity of tho raw material in the whole amount of cotton by her shorn cone imecif competent manufactures exported, leaves for home consumption Age? is own money, lh Ty es Goel aoe ge 41,000,000 of the £57,000,000 of im Free trade | He, received Screen Gh Geemanaee bis for herself, of but nominal import ‘sho preaches | Tight in the morni ‘when he de money to other nations that so she can have no restrictions for + ge ‘hot forthcom! Remy 2] — fo he] the sale 1n foreign markets of her manufactures, enabling the prisoner awd iPr nah —— her by 0 it she can make on mani res OX- et, Thorne was pli wa ee -7 Y including those from her own mined, to pay the | <ated for three Fe Mg RA oa! < $00,000,000 a year for food and clothing’ for herself the money wi aS io im The over and above her own home production. The vast beet wes vanes tatete Section ee committed sam of 9oue,as, ere 8 yous $20 per Je no trifle to the Tombs for trial in defau! to to er nations for food and clothing. e CSc | eee not only a supp! pemselves, but a surplus for 98, other nations. In this respect we stand on vantage the Chicago Tribune, July A gentleman tn this but acquainted ground with England. et residing city, “ ae ‘that notwithstand. CITY COMMERCIAL REPORT. Uy i He he scarcely without quotable change. Sey ha al pone Breaververs.—Receipte 6,863 bbie, flour, 240 do, afd | to work to secure the from 100 tage corn meal, 16,183 bushels wheat, 7,800 Ao. Sad were Pg a ead oF wheat, Hoch et henry, andres Genet 100. | hin ase aeag wet wold am ows he opened dull heavy, and prices dec! 106. @ chines, as the di wou! 1 per bbl, principally on choice and common brands, white | Soft mad;, but the farmers wore everywhere gathering modium grades, though unsettled, were without decided | their grain between the showers. Whenever there was change. The eales of State and Western comprised 8,000 | & little sunshine the oradioa were pone, ne boys bbia, Southern prices with. | and ‘and old men were ‘and king up oat material rhe be Pere ae about 420 bbis, ~-4 pe 5 aa 7 i} 4 be a to the own Fehive ‘rend? CLA og ie > he ad- ian flour was also quiet, and common brands de- | white bread’ for the enet lal be leah ta consequence conside) rain wi sy efnod 100. a 16¢. per bbl. The sales were 200 bbls. Rye | Prey ree ooreer, ane en many 0 ree flour waa Inactive but prices were firm. Corn meal was ss oa wanes conta of what be confid in loss demand, but prives ruled a shade Armor, ie { a fortnieht since. THE SOUTH Jeff. Davis’ Staff Officer Con- tinues His Narrative. The Children of Israel Find a New Jerusalem. THEY TAKE CARE OF NUMBER ONE. DESOLATION MARKS THE WAR PATH. Atlanta as Compared with Pompeii and Herculaneum. Tho Paroled Soldiers in the South Outnumber Those in the Field at Any Time. Marvellous Increase of a Georgia Regiment. The Miiracle of the Loaves and Fishes Imitated. Disgusting Laxity of Morals Among a Certain Class in Georgia. VINEYARDS OF THAT STATE. CHANGES FOR THE WORSE IN AUGUSTA. . The Leading Men of Savannah Acknow- ledge Themselves Subjugated, &e., WHAT WILSON’S CAVALRY DID. Up toa very recent dato railway, or, indeed, any inter- communication was difficult through Goorgia. Where the triumphant march of Sherman nad not deranged the facilities of travel, Wilson’s cavalry effectually did what was left undone. FUTILE ENDEAVORS OF DAVIS TO RSOAPA, Nota railroad in the State was left intact. Mr. Davis was captured nearer to the Macon than to the West Point road; but too far from either to embrace what little opportunity either afforded. Had he and hig family got on the former track, in hopes of reaching Co- lumbus, they could not get much further than Macon, and not even there without interruption. Had they struck out for the other road, expecting to get safe into Alabama or Figrida, they could not move beyond West Point. ‘The design of the party was an overland trip towards Appalachicola bay, or any other coast point that the con- dition of pursuit left open. Mr. Davis had no idea, until hotly. pressed, that any military act would be pushed directly againt him until the Chattahoochie river line was ‘crossed. When he and his party were undeceived on this point Breckinridge, Taylor Wood and two others put out by a detour for the Appalachicola river, with the view of gain- ing the coast of Florida. Wood was well posted as to its inlets, and being an expert and adventurous seaman, > had no doubt he would effect an escape, which he did? DETAILS OF FUTILM PLANS. Myself and another friend, having no great occasion to fly further, and much occasion to remain, rode for the West Point railroad, We joined it at a little below Le- grange. Mr. Mallory, ex-Secretary of the Navy, and Mr. B. Hill, ex-Senator, wore there at the time. Wigfall, of ‘Texas, was also there, vainly endeavoring to hire or pur- chase an ambulance wagon, or any other vebiclo which could transport himself and wife toward the Mississippi. Alter strenuous exertions, urged through two days, he procured some sort of conveyance a few miles further up the road, and started. Since then I have not beard of him. &., de. PRY PICTURE OF LAGRANGE. Lagrange is a picturesque little town, and only bears evidence of war in its want of business, It has more beautiful and bioom-embowered richness than any place of its extent 1 ever saw, There is no hotel in the town; what had been one was, during my visit, only a refuge for loiterers. Its streets were deserted; yet, the deser- ton scemed a relicf; for the presence of com/fort, greet- of the stately mansion or pretty villa—these mors than compensated for the absence of such bustling crowds as it was lately our lot to meet—crowds of worn out or unruly soldiers, gloomy citizens and emaciated beggars. HOW MALLORY AND OTHER STATE PRISONERS WERE LODGED, Mr. Hill, the ex-Senator, now a prisoner, lived in a substantial looking mansion, situated in a awn after tho English style. Towering trees, growing at irregular dis- tances and enclosed ina wall of rocks toward the road front, gave it the air of “anatocracy” which its desicner, doubtiess, intended. Mr, Mallory, the ex-Navy Secre- tary, now alo a prisoner, resided with Mr. Hill, who in- sisted upon sharing bis hospitality with him and his family, although Mallory had hired a houxe—a partly commodious one—adjacent. But then it was destitute of furniture, and, although it certainly was large enough to make a respectable hotel, and very snugly treed and engardened, yet its carpetiess fioors, and chairiess and tableless rooms, were not very inviting. Hence, Mr. Hill would not allow its immediate occupancy by its few ‘owners, and they held it for Letter times, ‘THE JEWS TAKE CARE OF THEMSELVES, As you will find to be the case in every other cozy village throughout the South, the Jews have possessed themselves of the very choicest residences in Lagrange. In answer to my repeated inquiry of ‘who lives there?’ or “there?” or ‘‘there?’’—designating some most attrac- tive villa—the response invariably was, “Mr. Phillips, the Jow,” or “Mr, Peters, the Jew,” or “Mr, Pauls, the Jew.’ After a thorough survey of the entire place I discovered that all its beauties—and they are numer ous—were in the hands of Jews, and this mainly since the war began. ‘Lagrange may be taken as@ good index of what has happened in that way elsewhere. No honeyed spot in the South is without ita hive of Jewish bees, The Christian went out to slay his brother or be slain by his brother; the Jew shrugged his shoulder, grinned, kept afar from the fight, picked up the Christiaa’s valuables, and then ought and occupied the Christian's houses, This is the story of the sudden colonization of Lagrange, and, to as great or nearly as great an extent, of all the other re- markably beautiful and secluded towns in the South. ‘That they make suob selections is much to the credit of their good taste and sense. But, not only has the war enabled them to gather upto {themselves all the “honeyed spots’ like Lagrange—it has helped them to appropriate some of the noblest properties ‘and homes in large towns, I well remember the change which people began to note in this respect throughout Richmond tor the last year of the war, Jews were pur- chasing, at the lowest coin rates, many of the finest man- sions there, and. already the family structures of such men as Worth Adams were owned and occupied by Jows. ‘This isa phase in the upheavings of the contest which has not yet met with “all the consideration it morits.”” HOW MALLORY WAS CAPTURED. T said that Mr. Mallory was in Lagrange when I arrived there. He and Mr, Hill were on the eve of setting out fora plantation owned by the latter near West Point, Mf. Mallory had left his horse in Washington when he re- folved on bearding the lion and going by rail to La- grange. Now that he found it necessary to go further, he had no horse and could not purchase one. Taylor ‘Wood took the horse he léft behind him toward Florida, md the ex-Secrotary was inabad plight. He did not get over it until he was captured—if that may be called getting over it, mmow LAcRANGR fo afta” the face of the cor-ntry has pretty much the same aspect as charactorizes it from Augusta to Washington. The Jand is more fertile here, and cultivation more advanced; but the same external natural marks and wood and floral variety are obsorvable here as there. SAD MEMORIALS OF THE WAR. The breastwork lines and rifie pits of Sherman's ad- vanoo on Atlanta, and the counter works and pita, cross your route frequently, Formiles upon miles the fused and confased metal work of the road is flung all along the track. You often pass a stout oak tree, with a dozen or two monster fron rails twisted around its trank as though they had been so many bars of flexible wire, You often pass pile of rails curled and contorted into the most fantastic shapes. It used to be the custom, when these railway raids were initiated, to pluck up the track and push the rails aside. But that was found to be only an interruption, which was of comparatively easy and speedy remedy. So this method was devised, which, by the action of intense heat, rendered the iron utterly unfit for proximate use. Not a mile of the road from Palmetto station to Atlanta is without mournful-looking memorials of that new device. ‘THE PALMETTO STATION I have just namod is on the road from West Point to Atlanta. It was the headquarters of General J, B. Hood when he adventured his overreaching march into Ten- nessee, and this cleared the coast for Sherman’s tactics. There are but two or three houses at the station, the principal one of these baving a clump of dwarfish pal- mettoes in front—whence the name of the place. It was behind these palmottoos that Hood and Davis and Bragg planned the campaiga which dug their last ditch, THE DESOLATION OF ATLANTA COMPLETE. 1 have se!dom beheld desolation more complete than the first sight of Atlanta presented, coming from the south side, For many miles the track of ruin prepared one for a culmination—yet tho shock was great. It is not my purpose to describe what I saw in Atlanta, for it has been often done already. I only wish to in- dicate my own impressions. When I had previously visited the Gate City—as Georgians proudly called Atlan- ta—only three years before, it was alive with all which denoted a hale prosperity, Few railway buildings in the whole country surpassed those then covering acres of the scene now heaped over with broken bricks and burned timber, and all other description of architectural ruin. Tho extensive hotels, the stately, stores and every familiar “landmark” of three years ago, gone—shrivelled up into heaps of unsightly rubbish. One has a sensation of melanchely who views Pompelj or Horculaneum for the first time. Such a thing one might have, too, if the colossal form of some immured city of the past were unveiled for the contemplation of the present. But who that jever saw Atlanta in the full flush of life can look with more melancholy at Atlanta, thus mangled in her own shroud, the ghastly semblanco of a tortured corpse, and yet not acorpse. The spectacle enforces not melancholy merely; but ‘A pang, and then a grief, void, dark and drear; ‘A Biilled, drowsy, unimpassioned grief, Which finds no natural outlet, no relief In word, or sigh, or tear. SIGNIFICANT OOLLOQUY. “Come,” said a friend, who met me at the depot—de- pot, did I say? it should have deon at a place whero once a depot had been—‘Come,”’ said he, “cease con- templating this havoc, and let me show you what shocks me more—shocks me in my honor as # Southern man.” “what other frightful skeleton have you hero ?”” “See it yonder—there, where those crowds press on each other.’” «“Yhey are soldiers—Confederates, too, What do you mean?” “Don’t you observe with what an eagerness they crowd all those doors and windows, and jam up the street? That's the place for their parade. Now, one-tenth of these crowds have been sku /king in the Georgia thickets, Had it been the drum and fife sounding ‘To arms! to arms!’ for the prevention of that which has become the ruin around us, these fellows would scatter as from @ threatened shower of grape. Seo the men, and under- stand me.’” P RUSH BY REBRE OLDIRRS FOR IMAGINARY PAY ROLLS. It certainly was no pleasant sight for a true secessionist soldier. At least two thousand men shoved and shoul- dered cach other to get @ chance of obtaining a “pay roll’’—for so they all pronoanced it. I seldom witnessed more cagern’ss in the pursuit of any prize, And the crowd of that day was only a repetition of the erowds every day for a week before, and a foretoken'ng of those that daily followed for several weeks subsequently. All, or nearly all, of the stay-at-home stamp of soldiers were those thus clamorous for this talismanic ‘pay roll.”” KXCHSE OF PACOLED KEBKL BOLDIBKS OVER SOLDIKRS IY THE FIELD. i I think it would be both curious and instructive to give the numbers of men paroled at different stations, as at Atlanta, Of ccurse Ido not mean the men whose com- mands, being on duty in the vicinity at the time of sur- render, were paroled with their commands at these sta- tions. I mean the men who, on one pretence or other, got their pargles apart from their commands. If the numbers could be given, I think you would find more paroled privates at the South than ever were in the field, at any time or under any circumstances, Indeed, I have beard of one Georgia regiment, which had a mus- tered fighting strength of one hundred and fifty mea, having a paroled strength of one thousand two hundred and cighteen men! I am inelined to think that balf the ‘exhausted rebel regiments exhibited an equally marvellous plentituds when it was known that “the fight was over.” If the rebel recruiting officer or enrolling officer could have only divined a scheme like these paroles the fecun- dity of soidierism in the South would have kept the thinned army ranks well replenished. POVERTY IN ATLANTA. General Upton, whom I had left in Augusta a woek or 80 before, was now in command at Atlanta, General Mol- lineux having succeeded him at the former place, The three great troubles im the Atlantic command were :—Tho poverty of the people, which had to be minis- tered to by the authorities as fur as possible; the list- lessness of the negroes, and the disorderly state of the surrounding country, where depredations were of hourly occurrence, That the authorities did their utmost I am persuaded; that, with the means at hand it was not poe- mble to do all that was necessary I am equally well per suaded. LOCOMOTIVE HUTS. Near Atlanta, and on the road all the way to Rutledge, Tdiscovered “a very peculiar people."’ The Chinese ave their river populations, who live tn boats, Other countries, too, not so far off as China, have curiosities of abnormal living equally incongruous, But here were railroad people, ot ‘car people,” who lived for years in the cars on ‘ sidelin, and here were other people, Oxiles, who bad lived for mouths running to and fro on these cars, They bad box cars furnished like huts, or rather like Irish cabins. I will give you a specimen of the inmates of one of these huts whigh I visited, about a mile from Atlante. ‘A HAPPT AND CLEAN FAMILY, ‘The cars were put aside—there were four together—on ‘an off track, as condemned, @ year ago. Instantly four Yamilies occupied them. One family will answer for all; it consisted of a mother, three grown daughters (the eldest twenty-one and the youngest seventeen) and five little children, whom you have to distribute among the three daughters, for each was @ mother, They had no brother, and had lost their father. They had no hus- band; but each had a friend or two, for whom they did cooking occasionally. ‘These wretched women would have been good looking had they cared for themselves; but not the least effort was made at cleanliness, and not the least concern manifested for propriety, either of language or action. So scant was their clothing, and #0 indifferent were they to appear- ‘ancos, that it was revolting to see them ran up and down the steps leading to their car house. Although waier was within a few yards of them, I doubt if they ever used it on their persons; hands, and feet, and face were of the same grimy character. 1 found some elsewhere on the road who were not Quite so filthy in their habits as these car people, but quite as lost to moral rectitude, Im fact they did not seom conscious of doing wrong, 90 steeped in ignorance ‘were they. You must not, however, confound the homeless ex- iles—women and children—who shared that style of habitation, with that wild style of people. Not only did they keep themselves in decent order, as to appearance, but, so far ag I know, as to conduct. Many of this class were families belonging to railway officials. HOMES IN RAILROAD CARS Botwoon Atianta and Barnett etation, on the Georgia toad, I counted seventy-three cars, or railroad houses of both Olaases, in less than as many miles, This was soon after the suppression of the rebellion; to what extent they now flourish I caunot say. They were more numer. ous at and near Atianta and Rutledgo than anywhere cise. ‘WASTE OF RVR: STORES BY REAM CITIZENS. At every station on the Georgia road the rebels had provisions—pork, flour, meal aad molasges—stored, Io gorse OF them auth as TreenMBero—The variety, ar wee as the supply, was greater than in others, In all of them the doom of rebellion was the signal for plunder, and before federal authority could interfere most of these stofes wore squandered by resident citizens and passing soldiors. Taw much of this myself, heard of (tall. STARTLING INCIDENT. I remember one evening when—I arrived too late at Barnett station to visit a friend a few miles from it—te pluck a soldier's nap in the station, orrun the risk of am encounter with midnight marauders, was my only alter- native. I decided on a bed—s cushionless bench—and its solid roughness was no impediment toe weary trav- eller's sleep. ‘Toward murning, however, I was most unceremoniows ly aroused by a hideous noise and a discharge of firearms Dreaming of battle close on mo, I jumped up, astonished to find myself within walls, rather than in the open air. The noise was intense; high words, fleroe oaths, terrible threats, and another scuffle, A fow minutes’ listening satisfled me what {t all signified, Some citizens and soldiers had attacked the station storeroom, and, im spite of the station master and his assistants, succeeded in carrying off most of the pork, flour and meal which he was to have handed over to the federal authorities when they claimed it, In the morning he distributed the remainder of what his store contained, to avoid any further collision. A similar assault was made on nearly all the stations. OONFIDENCB. ‘At Barnott I met Mr. Britton, one of the gentlemem who had charge of the Richmond bank specie. I was surprised that he and his colleagues retained it 50 long in that neighborhood. He did not, however, appear to be apprehensive, Tho robbery of his treasure, achort time since, proved bim to have relied too much on the good faith of a soldiery whose demoralization was oom ee FLOURISHING VINEYARDS. ‘This section of Georgia is in better condition, 80 for en it is cultivatable, than the sections on the road either near Augusta or Atlanta. Hore vineyards are a great feature in the landscape. Near Crawfordsville—Mr. ‘Alex. H. Stephens’ home—there are a few small and flourishing ones. Close to the rebel ex-Vico President's house is one of great promise, belonging to Mr. Axe. ALEXANDER H. STHPHENS’ “‘PRIM?’ RESUDENCE, The house of Mr. Stephens, like himself, is plain—very plain, When I say of it, however, what can be said of him, “exceedingly homely,” the same idea is not con- veyed. It is comfortable, not large, and most unpretem tious. Prim trees, in prim rows, bordoring a prim wood- en fence, and a prim straight avenue, up to & prim hall door—such a residence, in short, 9p juvenile artists are apt to draw on their slates at first attempts, But the town of Crawfordsville is proud of the “homely” Alex., and he gives it good cause, if all that is said of his judi- cious munificence be true. Another celebrity well known to the denizens of Craw fordsville is Bob Toombs. Mr. Axe, whose vineyards 0 close, keops excellent liquors, and Toombs is a famous judge. Hence he is # frequent and, I presume, afavorite visitor at the vineyard. A SCIENTIFICALLY KEPT VINEYARD. One of the largest and most scientifically kept vine- yards in this district belongs to Mr. Joseph Doerflinger. It is a little to the other side of Barnett, at a place called Double Wells. When I saw it the promise of a good yield was very decided. Nevertheless, Mr. Doerflinger was not sanguine, He has, after much experience, come to doubt the suitability of the climate for wine growing. He is known as an oxpert, and his opinion, thereforo, has some weight, INTERESTING EXPERIMENTS IN WINE TILLAGE. ‘The great danger to the grape is from the frequent rains of June. These rains are often warmed to a scoreh- ing heat at the root of the plant before the earth has bad time to absorb them. ‘The result is the enfoebling of the vine and therot of the fruit. This year ho has attempted an experiment in tillage to shield the plant from the cause which dostroys its bearing. As the June rains oe Georgia have been in no way diminished, his experiment will have had a trying test. If it stand it the problem which perplexes the Georgia wine growers is solved, ‘Tho wine which Doerflinger has already produced is pro- nounced by connoigseurs to be of an excellent body an@ fiavor, Much interest is attached in Georgia to the suc- . cess of wine growing, and you find all over the State at- tempts, little and great, to do something in that way. AUGUSTA UNDER FEDERAL RULE. In Augusta again. Only a few weeks have elapeed since I left the city, and what a change! Order was s- preme; business opened on all sides; streets cleaned; the markets purged and stocked. The flag of the Union floated from every public building, and there was hardly @ vestige of rebellion. Hardly a vestige? ‘Yes; you traced it in the smothered remarks of the young men at the loitering places; in the glances flung at the soldiers who patrolled the elty as s police; in the haughty dis- tance which “society” placed between itself and the off- clals sent to administer law and maintain order. But not in the cloan stfeets, and busy stores, and chinking of gold and silver. Of these latter, by the by, have seen more in Auguste than my sight has since been blessed with. SKETCH OF AUGUSTA. Augusta is about as handsome a town as any State cam boast; not picturesque or magnificent; handsome, neat, elegant. Many of its private residences are superb, and its principal private streets remarkably fine and shady. Its public stractures and churches are in keeping with its prevailing elegance. Perhaps the finest of its eccle~ siaatical edifices, certainly the most ornate and imposing, {f not tho most costly, is the Catholic church. And 1% was erected, from foundation to pinnacle, since the com- mencement of the rebellion. FROM AUGUSTA TO SAVANNA, by river, is as agreeable @ sail as you can desire, espe- cially if you are accustomed to sail on rivers with broad, open views at each side, or bold bluffs or grand hills or rolling forests, Nothing can be more unlike than the Savannah and the Hudson river scenery. I know you wilt quickly weary of the former, while you cannot of the latter; but for one or two trips the Savannah, even in ite monotony, has charms. PICTURESQUE SCENERY, Nearly all the way you are winding at rapid curves through a thicket, Down to the water's edge at either side the forest growth above sends its sheltered shrubs, Here you seem to be ins lake, embosomed im bowers; for you see not an outlet nor an inlet—nothing Dut water encircled by every tint of foliage, Presently a vista opens, and again you are on the way to enter a new lake, or semblance of @ lake; and so you keep on until you gain the savannas. ‘The monotony of all this is relieved by the multiplicity of forms which the sylvan fringe assumes—by the rare beauty and grace of the festoons frequently formed over natural bowers on the shore, formed by moss and vines; formed for the sunning place of a crocodile, or the nest of a bird ; formed, too, for your willing admiration, There is an endless variety of ‘grand small things’ within the secming monotony of the Savannah river scenery. One who sets out to do so can find enjoyment all the way, provided he doce not, as I did, getintoa steamer which gets snagged, and then, to better his condition, change to one which takes fre and burns to the water's edge in five minutes. FIVE MINUTES’ FRARFUL BXPERIEKOR, If a calamity, which nearly cost me my life, could im- duce hatred of the Savannah, then, most assuredly, bales of government cotton and seventy-five negroes; three minutes to reason and remonstrate with passengers or yourself; three minutes to make # effort at saving your baggage; three minutes and hapless croatares catching at straws, and in the presence | of roaring, fearful flames, whose heat scorched even those in the water; five minutes listening to shricking women and children and knowing you are powerless to ‘aid them; five minutes witnessing despair and death and agony in thetr worst phases; five minutes struggling not to perish. Ah! the concentrated horrors of those five minutes, and scenes, are indescribable. NOMBRE OF LIVES L08T UNKNOWN. The snagged steamer was the Amazon, Captain Law. ton, United States Navy; the burned steamer was the Governor Troup, Captain Davis. As no passenger list was kept, it will never be known how many lives were lost. For days after the disaster bodies were floating down the river over thirty miles from the wreck. But this fearful occurrence did not blur the peculiar beantioe of the stream and its onskirtings in my eyes, when once more I veutured on the river and obtained @ pleasaut voyage. BURIUGATION RECOONIARD. Savannah did not appear to me to be 80 prosperous am Augnsta, taking into account the greater advantages of the former.over the latter. In Savannah, as at Augusta, the soldiers wero “down on’? the negroes, and mal. treated them frequently, {no Savannah, ag all ovea