The New York Herald Newspaper, June 12, 1865, Page 2

2 NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JUNK 12%, 1865. emma “s Pa sicieieisieiespuieeiicieieeandanesiaaaiinieasitnsipithcaeciindaemmaattaasiat Terruory was feduced 897,650 mites, aud by the second, o . 26,185 miles—leaving the precige batauee seven hundred and sixty-six thousand four hundred and eighty-two @quare miles. The precious metals are found in nearly a every part of the country. In nearly every State mines are now or have been worked. In some portions mining absorbs the entire energies of the people; in the others Touuncunes and agresttare recto one atone | Subdivisions Showing ' the Gold and Silver Area Owned by the Great Oom- by the demand which and the faluslry capital which may elect this wonderful and prolitic Hold for. otical a yao mod omnes. souree o} production of the sm lying within and associated with the Byler e system of national commerce and industey, fs immedi- ately available to meet Ge pene extraordinary de- manda upon tue national credit; and those went upon protracted war prospective em- pire, It must be remembered that this view pertains ox- cluatvely to the Eastern slope of ourauriferous mountain regions, described as having its natural ‘This was the condition at the time of the assumption of the empire by Maximilian. By the subsequent cession of the Northern States to Louis Napoleon, the arrange- mont as set forth in the following table holds at pro Bent: — Maximilian. Area Square Mites, Population jentes. . 2,647 83,243 680,325 202) 141 7,629,616 160,000 cE aes 8 ag § BE ge 88 fees 82 wis milian. : 858,547 1,529,616 Napoleon's excess in ¥ 48,726 Loss pop.6,576,000 ‘The increase in population since the above calculation was made—eiglit years since—is estimated at the rate of 144,000 per annum, which will give a population rising nine millions at this time. By the above table it will be seon that Louis Napoleon has the larger area of metalliferous territory, but which is comparatively Nittle populated, Maximilian retains the smaller area with a denser population, Napoleon's plan is to alll up his territory with emigrants of his own choosing, whilo Maxitnilian takes care of the masa of the population of Mexico. Napoleon's territory has a front- ‘go on tho two shores of tho Gulf of California and the external ocean, being a greater sea front than that of Maximilian on both the Atlantic and Pacific. Napoleon's froutago on the Atlantic or Gulf of Mexico, lies along the ¢oast of the State of Tampico, which is a front of the greatest importance in consequence of the transit across the Atlantic, and embraces the traverse line from Tam- ‘pico and Matamoros, by way of Monterey, Saltillo and ‘Chihuahua, to Guaymas on the Pacifle. ‘THE NAPOLKONIC PROGRAMME. It being a part of the Napoleonic programme, to com- ponsate Maximilian for the ceasion of so imposing a por- tion of his metalliferous realms, to annex to the Mexican empire a part of Central America, we append a table showing the area and population of those Central Ameri- can Statos likely to be so transferred. It will be remom- bored that Maximilian has, by proclamation, annexed the State of Honduras, in Contral America, to his imperial dominions. ABBA AND POPULATION OF THE STATES OF CENTRAL AMERICA. Area ing. mile, Pepulation, Guatemala 380 971,450 San Salvador, 9,000 394/000 Honduras. 39,600 358,000 Nicaragua - 40,200 257,000 Costa Rica. 21,800 215,000 ‘Total. 154,680 2,195,450 The above territory js outside of the metalliferous ‘mountain system of North America, as above defined. ‘Wo refer to it here meroly for the purpose of showing the amount of territory Maximilian is likely to absorb if the original Napoleonic programme in regard to the American continent {s allowed by the government of the “United States to be consummated. TOTAL AMOUNT OF PRECIOUS METALS PRODUCED BY MEXICO. The total amount of precious metals produced by the mines of Moxico since tho period of the conquest, 1521, to ! the present day, 1865—three hundred and forty-six years—is estimated at six thousand qillions, or an av- erage of nearly twenty millious per annum. This in- ctudes tho amout registered as exported, the amount illicitly carried away, and the amount retained for home consumption. Tho total amount exported for 1863, as wo havo scen, was twenty-five millions, but that for 1846 was only eighteen millions and a half. BICHNESS OF NAPOLEON'S AREA. The area retained by Maximilian in the late partition of the Mexican territory is that portion which has hero- tofore furnished the bulk of the production of the precious metals. The area assigned to Napoleon is ca- pable of a still greater development and production. The gold and silver mines in Sonora, Sinaloa, Durango, Chi- hhuabua and Nueva Leon are about equally diffused over each State—mints being located at the special mining « points in each, WHAT MAY BE RXPECTED IN MEXICO. Tt ia reasonable to expect in Mexico from the Germanic People, and from the French and Italians, an infusion of tho onorgios of production paraliel to that which we | have formerly scon characterize tho Spaniards, and more . lately the Americans in California, and the British in | Australia, in developing newly acquired gold bearing countries. If such should be the case, we may expect to see, within a few years, the Mexican territory of Louis Napoleon equalling in production the former entire goid and silver producing area of Mexico. GOLD BEARING TERRITORY iN BRITISH AMERICA. North of the forty-ninth degree of latitude the British territories in North America front upon the Pacific Ocean, having a coast line of seven hundred and fifty u@fes, to- gether with the great islands of Vancouver and Quecn Charlotte, The gold bearing arca which lies here imme- diately adjacent to the coast may be estimated at two hundged thousand square miles, or three timos the area of England and Scotland. The aggregate production of gold from t his area probably equals seven and a half mil- tions, derived principally from the regions drained by Frager river. @OLD BEARING TERRITORY IN RUSSIAN AMERICA. Russia occupies the territory filing out the conti- mental interval to Behring's Strait, comprising an arca of three hundred thousand square miles, with a coast line of twelve hundred mites upon the Pacific and the Arctic seas. The search for gold over this area haa been Umited to tho ascertainment of its oxistence. The energies of production have not yet established themeclves to any notable extent. THN GOLD BEARING AREA OF THE UNITED STATRS. For convenience we will classify the gold bearing area of the United States—one million five hundred aquare miles—in tiers of States and Territories, thus:— Fawr Tixx.—Callfornia, Oregon and Wachingion, on the sea front of the Paciiie, with a coast line of one thousand five hundred miles. ‘SaconD —Kaat of the above, Nevada and Idaho. * Tam —East of these, Arizona, Utah and Mon- Fourts Twr.—And East of these again, New Mexico, Colorado, Nebraska and Dacotab. Utah and Montana lie longitudinally along the middie of the great Plateau. The other tiers lie upon the two Cordilleras and their outside flanks. ‘Tho first tier—Calffornia, Oregon and Washington— bestride tho whole oop ey! the Cordillera of the sierra Nevada, including ite to the Pacific sea. This tier has its outlets by tho Columbia river into the Pacific, and the Colorado river into the Gulf of California, The city of San Francisco is the focal point of business activity for this tier. ‘The second and third tiers—Nevada, Idaho, Utah and Montana—cover the arca of the Plateau, lie on # com. paratively dead level, — (aie Cordiltcras, having tho important slope in either mn, ‘The fourth tiene New Mexico, Colorado, Nebraska and Dacotah—bestrides the great Cordillera of the Sterra Madre and its to the Great Plains, whence the rivers doscend to the Mississipp!. This whole cast ern front counecta oninter ly, across the basin of the Mississippi, to the city of New York ‘which presenta itaelf as the convenient focue to whieh ail lines of transit from this direction naturally converge. AURIFEROUS AMRA CONTEROING TO THE PACIVIC OB BAN FRABCTOOO. ‘The avorage energivs af prodacuon on the western side of the continent bave, we say, their converging point at Han Francisoo, This rogiou roay be oetimated to contain ‘fan auriforous area of about five bundred aad Afty thoa- sand square miles, or rednoed to rores, distrituted as fol- lows:— Grand totale... The povulation ot thy OD ADR) one million aud n quarter. Nevada nd Idaho must be Togarded as immediately identified with and dependent m the Pacific front, and us aneiliary to Bad Francisco. iret lodgment in this wildernesa was mado in 1848, has bad \ts origin end creation within the space of @edu soars, OF TRANSPORTATION WEST. thin this area at pre- nao es al ordinary roads, navigable rivers and tho PRECIOUS METALS rRopUcED, wirnin bgt YBARS. AURIFEROUS ARBA CONVERGING TO THE ATLANTIO TRE CITY OF NAW YORK. EXPORTED, ETC., aurtferous moun- ce ceee ABT, 200,662 *Frota this estimate may bo oxcuded portions of Colo- Grand total. .ccceseeeseceseascne i eastern oF sontiern Btates; the tare of Georgia, for instance, where the Danignogs 0 Woereak mnt oblate tado, Nebraska and Dacotab, extordin; plains, and protruding beyond the ac out into the great ve gold producing mercial Powers of the World. . This vast producing area has its focus of con- vorgenco wt Nor ‘ork oye All the commorce of Now tan, and the Bute ‘of that of Artz, Fediato Wo. aud an from the city of New York, FORMS OF TRANSPORTATION BAST. ‘The of within this traverse the whole area of the United and of all the States. embrace the ordinary 0 admirable natural of the Great Plains, nat rivers and the entire syatem of railroads in North Amorica—oxisting and pi pective—passing and a, through and through @ lernitory occupied by thirty miilions of people. AOGREGATE PRODUCTION OF PRECIOUS METALS IN THE ABOVE maetow virus Piva VeAne. tt 0 segregate &mount of precious me 1 Within the area of the third and fourth tiers has been one hundred and twenty-five millions of dollars, This bas been produced within the space of five years—so recent isthe date of their di he and development by the STs who bi but rude and imperfect moans of working the mines, and are, even as yet, with- out the assistance of proper machinery to develop the treasures whose locality they have discovered. ‘ . TOTAL PRODUCTION VOR ALL THE TIBRA. P Tie iodo wiiag Wk waged uo aga gaare qurvaaph OF L: WOLLASTON§ DEER LAKE, precious metals mined in the above Yn bearing tiers since the first discovery in 1648 and 1649:— Firat and second tiers 1, 750,000,000 Third and fourth tiers. * 125,000,000 esse sesseree sess ssesenees Patt + .$1,875,000,000 row Digheend to estimate a ee + thls oars jnetion preci within tho serritory. named will reach the round sum of two thousand millions of dollars. This will as. suredly be the case now the war has ceased, and balf a million hardy and adventurous soldiers, accustomed to the rigors and deprivations of frontier life, are ready to swell the stream of emigration already pouring into the nowly discovered gold and silver regiane. MAGNITUDE OF THE AURIFEROUS REGIONS OF THE THIRD AND FOURTH TIRKS, ‘Tho magnitude and auriferous character of the moun tains ombraced in the third and fourth or Eastern tiers surpasses that of the extreme West or Pacitic side. The few years of imperfect development demonstrate this fact, This rogion presents iteelf ip im: mediate contact with the tide of American pee. Je and foreign immigrants advancing upon its whole Front, pressed onward by the whole weight of the Eastern population and the strength of their enorgi the extont and } resources of this Ra uch are n front, aad Voy 0 vayabio OF (MBM gavauptOM, liyived Quay B hus ayyed Hgures wwnriy regrosept * | year added, amountod {wo thousand two hundred and two millions of dot. lars, Jhe interest on this sum that is ‘able im coin anjounts to about fifty-six and a balf millions, and it requtfag one Territory alone—Colorado—to dupli- cate its preseat production, in order to. furnish bul- hon sufficient to cover this Hunt. This starting, but in. disputable fact must tend to allay any anxiety may ‘exist in the minds of our people as regards the ability of j ! | ‘at and dependent upon the city of New York. THE PUBLIC DEBT AND A WAY TO PAY 17, ‘The public debt of the loyal States on the 24th October with interest for the current year the government to maintain its credit im the face of almost any expenditure that may be required to render it strong aad enduring. Tneidental to this flattering and f tic expansion, bearing upon the domestic system ome relations of the American people, comes the additional and attractive prospect that these movements are rapidly opening the trail and hastening the advance of our people to the grand arena of the Pacific and its population. Beside this, and the excellent economy of arrangement discernable in this Eastern system of auriferous moun- tain, we are gratified at Deholding the fact that the pro- ceeds of industry there, in departing for the Ppormeate and irrigate, as it were, the whole family of the American people, vitalizing every fleld of enterprise and industry, and stimulating the populations inhabiting the entire Eastern eowraphical expanse. If the provious metuls arriving from. this direction eventually find their way outward to foreign countries, they do not do go until these infinite benefits to our domestic industrial system have been permanently secured. Ocean, its commerce, its navigution On this arena are seen combined nitude of plan, economy of distribution, universal acceasibility and ease of transportation, infinity variety of detail, in harmony with the populations and popular energies which they are calculated to arouse and to employ. SUB-DIVISIONS OF THR GOLD BRARING AREA OF NORTH AMERICA AMONG THE COMMERCIAL Vow- ERS. Tho following table will present at a glance a summary of the above, and show the sub-divisions of the gold bear- ing area of North America among the commercial Powers: Area square miles, he : German Amorica (Maximilian) 358,547 529,616 French America (Napoleon 1 406,273 953,616 American America (United States). 1,250,000 1,250,000 British America (Queen Victoria).. 200,000 61,000 Russian America (Alexander I1.).. 300,000 27,000 513,840 9,821,333 The following table will show the TOTAL AND AVERAGE ANNUAL PRODUCTIONS OF THE GOLD BEARING AREA IN NORTH AMERICA, Average annual. Total. Mexico (346 yoars).........+ $19,250,000 6,640,204, 889 United Statos and Territories.100,000,000 —1,875,000,000 British America, . 2,600,000 000,000 Russian Amorica {(Undveloped.) GENERAL CONCLUSIONS. From the above exhibits may be obtained a compre- hensive view of the general attention given by commer- cial nations to the development of the precious metals on this continent, as tho source from which the bulk of supply is to be derived in the future, ‘This has already ited it to partition out I among the Pbecrerapye ete ilg Ha (vie tae of North European P OW all the gold America not positively, embraced within the eereceiensy of the Union. Although the greatness of area and advantuge of position held by the United States give her the undoubted supremacy should this productive become permanent, wo are urged to increased energy in the development of our own area, augmented by the rivatrica incidental to the approximation of so many foreign nations. The rapid growth in volume of the commerce of tho Pacific ocean is perpetually exacting # corresponding increase in tho specie basis of the whole field of commerce. The area which devolops itself within the domestic control of the American peo- ple, to moet this indefinite Oe epee amply munificont to flatter thelr largest ambi and te moet the horizon bar) a ee ve cones may urge them on. vorsal popu among ‘American of non-interferonce in the domvetic affairs of lew World warns -us to regard with in- creaved vigilance the political maxims laid ‘by Mon- ‘and reasserted by every sound statesman of America, North and South. GOAL AS A SOURCE OF NATIONAL WEALTH. In the above roviow of the extent and importance of the gold and silver producing area of the United Statos we havo prosented only a single department embraced in the vast mineral resources of our country. Placing out of view altogether forthe present those heavy produe- tions in fron, lead, copper, zine, tin, quicksilver, &c. which help to swell the national minoral wealth, we f the coal bods of the Union, as furnished uj reliable data, ‘and ‘as compared with those of Europead ‘countries. GUAT BRITAIN ALARMED AT THER PROSPSCTIVS AMAT OEE oF Bae AOA, FIBLDS. Some of most 8c ‘men in Britein—par- ticularly Mr, Edward Hull, who, in » paper published ia the Quarterly Cemen Science, about a year since, fur- nished gome extremely valuable information on the “‘Coal Resources of Great Britaw’—have thrown the thinking poople of that country into a state of considerable tion on account of the prospect of the exhaustion of tons d consumed ; and that, at this the supply will sud contmeorbnrs my two hundred aud twelve, and Others one thonsand years. The Edinburg ‘Review ta seriously exercised on the subject, and refers to the pe- riod namo memset yy be known only a8 a part ry.’ ment however, that in ita calculations it lias not spoken. of 5 cnet. cee Aas eee ee Slee un sues, na those vast deposits have yet vont a it “upon the British people and pnsoennennn bj 3 to it that no needless aud unwise wasting of a soureo of wealth, and power, and happiness, no procious and yet 80 far from inexhaustible, should be im) tly to continue.” feawur D. Rogers, of the ont pene of Glaa- gow, maintains “the total supply of coal beneath the anil of Great Britain, at the present rate of growth of consumption, must become entirely spent or exhausted ‘at the lapse of two hundred or three hundred yoars from this time.” only the demands of Great in, but those of the “pout of mankind. ”” THB COAL FIELDS OF THE UNITED STATES AS COM- ‘ PARED wire SO0SR OF SUROPS. Professor Rogers placed in convenient form a va- riety of statistics in relation to the coal fields of Kurope and the United States, from which we glean a number of intoroating facts. Tt appears that the United States, with ite vast area of # millions of — miles, has one square mile of field to every square miles of territory. Great Britain bas one to every thirty of Belgium bas one to every twonty-two and a half of sur- face. France one to every two hundred miles of surface. Thus calculated :-— Beigiam cmd her coal felds to possess the high average thickness asserted, of sixty feet of coal,) con- tains about thirty-ax thousand millions of tons. France, with the same thickness, fiity-nine thousand millions of tons. The British Islands (adopting thirty-five feet as the average thick! nearly one hundred and forty-two thousand five hundred millions. According to Mr. Hull's estimate the total supply 1s a little less than eighty thou- sand millions of tons. Ponnsylvania, computing ber av of workable ovab at twonty-five feet, has three hr and sixteen thou- sand four hundred millions of tons. j jing the same pro- coal one billion, three hr and cighty-seven Thousena five hunarea trillions of tons. Great middle coal ficid of the United States, in Indians, Iinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnegota and Westera Kentucky, also with an average of twenty-five foot of coal, one two hundred and seventy-seven sand, five hundred millions of tons, Great Western coal felt in Towa, Lee No. braska, . Snare, tee nes reeaes tnckneas of the coal, bine hui thougand millions of tons. | _ All the productive coal flelds of North America, about four billions of tons. COAL PIBLDS OF THR UNITED STATES. 5 Square Mil ha er Nebraska. . . ret Kansas. 11,880 13,697 Arkansas, . eg 550 he, Montana, Ne- veda, California, Washington” ont” paratively unde. RITISH PROVINCES. Newfoundland...... 1 Cape Breton Picton... “The relative superficial magnitudes of the con! flelds of the countries ing coat will be recognized if we compare them by some simple unit of measure Let this be one hundred square miles, In this case, Russia will be represented by... Oe Pennay! ¥ Appalachian coal field... $ ‘Tie entire goal Held of United states,