The New York Herald Newspaper, October 12, 1863, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD $ GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR ANU PROVKIRTOR, JA oprice N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU BTS. Volume XXVIII..... AMUSEMENTS Til 3 EVENING AOA A1rW aN OP mia MY OF MUSIC, Erving Place NIBLO'S GARDEN, Bicoe sDiaroR. WALLACK S THEA o Aum, WINTIB GARDBA 5 ias—Taomraea -Dsormea amp Bw } i BV \—Guost oF ACK AND tm Bran- rae Away INDIAN Carers, » PYTHON. 0. at all tC AND Tae Do sCaan'e sia Mall, 472 Rroad MINSTROES, Me 3 Lesquns, £0.—Hiaw WIOPLAN SONGE, DD ROOD'S MINSTREL HALL Dan ae AG ety OLL Broadwar. = Krarortax ten GEO, GURISTY 8S MINS) Leseurs, BoxGs, Daxces, 4. 54} Broadway. —Bun- /KMMELHORN'S BOY. AMERIOAN THEATRE, 4 rc a lway,—Batiers Paxtomtmns, BoREEsuuRs, & Tux Visiox ov Dear NEW \ORK THEATRE, 485 Urondway.—Sorpime ror LoveesLa Sy..ruipe MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, (18 Broadway.— xp Lacipras, trou 9A. M."tIL10 2. M. HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, Brooklyn,—Ergioriux Roxx, Dances, BURLESIUES, XC. TRIPLE SHEET. TO THE PUBLIC. Alt advertisements, in order to save time and secure, proper classification, should be sent to the office before nine o’clock in the evening. THE SITUATION. There is nothing new from Gen. Rosecrans’ army later than that already published, Our corres- pendents furnish séme interesting details of the proceedings of the army, but there are no new movements of importance to report. From Gencral Meade's army we learn that the enemy have been concentrating a heavy force around Madison Court Honse, ao that on Fri- day night and Saturday morning they moved of town in a northwardly direction. of infantry, a lurge body of cavalry and considerable artillery were occasion- ally seen by our signal men through openings in the forest, which generally conceal the road. The object of the movement could not at that time be determined. It appears that one of General Kil- patrick’s cavalry brigades attempted a reconnois- sance on the south side of Robertson’s river, when they were met by a large body of Stuart's vebel cavalry. A fight ensued, continuing an hour, when our troops fell back upon the infantry re- cerves, After auother severe contest the infantry were compelled to give way, and a considerable number of them were captured. A detachment of our cavalry them dashed upon the enemy, retaking nearly all the prisoners. Our entire force was then pushed back toward Culpepper, ekir- mishing on the way and contesting every foot of ground. Héavy firing in the after- noon Indicated that the contest had been renewed. Our signal station on the top of Thoroughfare Mountain was nearly cut off, but the entire party, with their property, escaped. This ehows that there must have been some hot work in this di- reotion. There is yothing later from Charleston. ‘We publish this morning o carefully pre- pared map of the republic of Mexico, show- ing the whole extent of the national territo- ty and the infinitegsimal part thereof now merely touched by the French. Nothing can possibly more clearly show the emptiness of the French claig that they have conquered the ceuntry. The 4ruth {s that they only hold a military line, and a vory dangerous one, from Vera Cua to the city of Mexico. It is also important to know that ether iffiéulties are threatening the French. They have come to an open rupture with the church par- ty—the only one that has ever supported them— and_one of the regents—Ormaeehea, Bishop of Talaneingo—has consequently resigned. In the meantime Juarez is every day growing stronger. out A division MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. ‘The steamship City of Baltimore, from Queens- town on the Ist instant, passed Cape Race at an ¢arly hour last Friday morning, on her voyage to New York. Ghe was boarded by’our news agent At that point, and a summary of her report, which is one day later, appeared ip the Hegaup yester- day morning. The details, telegraphed from New-> foundland, are given this morning. The rebel agent Mason bad left London for Paris, Consols closed in London on the Ist of October at 99% for money. The Liverpool cotton market, which remained quiet for two days, was firmer on the Ist of October, with the quotations unchang- 44. Broadstuffs remaingd quiet on the Ist instant, and provisions were firm. This evening the Russian officers will be enter- teined at the Astor House by a private dinner. ¥ yy the usual number of visitors thronged the . There is nothing of further interest fetter of ow correspondent in the city o/ Domingo is an unusually interesting one, con- qune as it does the observations of a neutral rewwff0an on S23 causes and effects of the revoln- tion of the native Dominicans to expel the Spanish n usarpers who have soised their rich island, The t rage and enmity of the peoplo bad assumed a phase of great violence, and it is said that they have determined to burn the whole island or = drive off their foreign invaders. 4 A stand of colors was presented last evening, in Dr. Cheever’s church, to the Seventh regiment of the Corps d'Afrique, or the Second Lonisiana | regiment, now on campaign duty, The presenta- tion was made by Mr. Edgar Ketelam, and the colors were received, on behalf of the regiment, by Rev. T. W. Conway, the chaplain Conway and Rev. Mr. Bradford, of the Twelith Connecticut (colored) regiment, told their expe riences in reference to the colored troops in the field at great length. Mr. Bradford strongly as j sorted their snperiority over the white troops, At the conclusion of the exercises a collection was taken up in behalf of the regiment to which the The tock merket was without animation on Raturé y, It closed stealy, but closing at 148%. The chiet F colors had been presented. emt without particular chan Both Mr. | T s2::0,000 Pxebanco was 103 is Dagens was eary, Galt loans 6 xT por cout Tho demand (0° cotton ov Satactay waa caodarate, at vory ful! quotatiwa, Tbe fl ur mauket was beteker, and prices Were 190, & 200 por DOL bigiee Theo was oxtra ordiniry acuvity in whow aod ata woiod dyawed mr toriuily, &% @'80 41 corn, Which was aneotied Pork, ] tard, butter aad Checso wore tm bottor request aad to dog upward. Whirkey was ineoh tirmor, with a mer inquiry. tod coo were brisk aud Duo ant moo doiug. Tides and loauthor woe @ivon in@, Hoos attracod un re at were tn Meas request. ‘Pho (roiqlt Ov Hed, Gagomonts wore | The French ta Mexteo. The news, which we published yesterday, that the Mexican deputation was to be reocived by Prince Maximilian on the $d of October, pls @ quictua upon atletbe ourrent rumors What the Prince hid accepted o ted the crown which Napoleon so kindly offers bin, Until we tearn the result of thie interview we can state not ing definitely regard to Maxi- milian’s decision. This farce of Napoleon's, the chief point of which is bia giving away o throne wh ch he does not possess, very forcibly recalls the reply of old Etian Allen to King George tbe Third, when Lis Majesty. attempted to bribe the sturdy patriot with large grants of American land. “Your Majesty's offer,” said Allen, sds me of the Devil’s promising to give our Saviour the whole world, when really the confounded rascal didn’t own a foot of it.” In order to make this matter perfectly clear, we publish this morning a map of Mexico, upon which the territory held by the Fronch is dis- tinctly marked by heavy black lines. By reference to this map it will be seen that the French possessions in Mexico consist of ® parallelogram, extending back from the coast at Vora Cruz, and including ttie Mexican capital and three small rhomboids—one at Campeachy, one at Tehuantepec and one at Tampico bar- bor. These possessions sink into insigniicance when compared with the vast extent of the Mexican republic, to which, indeed, they bear about the same telation as Governor’s Island to the State of New York, or Napoleon the Third to Napoleon the Great. When the United States conquered: Mexico we held the entire eastern coast, the line of the Rio Grande on the north, California and the seacoast on the west, besides the Moxican capital, all the fortified cities, and a large extent of country in the in- terior. In point of fact, however, the throne which Napoleon is so anxious for Maximilian to occupy does not rest upon Mexican soil at all, but upon the bayonets of French soldiers, and as soon as these invaders are driven out the throne and its occupant will tumble to the ground together. Within three months after the close of our civil war this consummation, 80 devoutiy to be wished, will be achieved by our powerful, veteran armies. The fact upon which the French journals and the French Emperor lay mogt stress is that the French troops hold the Mexican capital, and therefore control the whole country. This is a European idea, vot recognized either in theory or practice on this side the Atlantic. In Europe it is accepted as an axiom that Paris is Frdnce, that London is England, and that Vi- enna is Austria. On this continent, however, Washington is not. the United States, as the British discovered when they enptured that city of magnificent distances and small poli- ticlans in 1812. If we should have a war with England, and chould take possession of Victoria City, we should not congratulate ourselves upon having eelzed Canada by that single blow. The case is the same with Mexico. Napoleon is master of the capi- tal, but not of the country. The Mexi- ean peopte are atill republicans, and will not submit to a foreign emperor. The knowledge that they have brought their present troubles upon themselves, and the mutual ani- mosities and jealousies of their leaders, have thus far erippled their efforta; but they are now organizing for the struggle for independence, and we can assure Napoleon that the hardest fighting of his Mexican campaign is yet to come, atid that his complacent conviction that the affair is now accomplished isa gross error. Beyond this fact, however, is a still more seri- ous contingency. If the Mexican republicans @o not drive away the French, the American republicans certainly will. Our Monroe doc- trine bas been violated, and must be re-estab- Ushed. Instead of offering distant thrones to other people, Napoleon had much better de- vote his attention to the work of more firmly securing his own seat upon the throne of France. Nothing is gained where too much is attempted. Battle Pieces, Anctent and Modern. We have been much amused at the fuss made out West over the account of the battle of Chattanooga furnished by the war cor- respondent of the Heratp—especially by the jabber of the whiskey-soaked Louisville Journal, and by the sound and fury of the contemptible Cincinnati Commercial. Making this noise to hide their own deficiencies—endeavoring to de- preciate our account of the battle because they had none of their own—these worthless sheets have goue too far, and have reached that point where the whole effect of ench attempts “falls on the other sffle.” Every mention they make of the matter calls attention mote strongly to the fects of the case, which are all to our credit and to their disgrace; aad in their de- nunciations of our account—which is a denan- ciation of our suceess—they utter our praise. There were but two correspondents on the field of battle at Chattanooga—one the cor- respondent of the Cincinnati Guzette, and the other Mr. Shanks, of this paper. from other newspaper correspondents than these two gentlemen are not worth the paper they are written on; but other agcounts have written in plenty. Petty establishments, not able to keep correspondents in the fleld, hurry away their itemizers to the rear” of an army whenever o battle is {muinent. Sometimes these fellows are a great way in rear of the army. When there were active operations on the peninsula they were at Fortress Monroe. While the Get- | tysburg battles were in progress they were at Weatminster, and they stopped at Louisville, and evea Cincinsati, while rans fought in Georgia. Theve fellows bore everybody, and eke out some drivbles of description trom the fragmentary conversation of quirlermasters, surgeons aud Sanitary Commission men, as these come In from the army. Not one of the nen from whose cunversation these acconuts aremade up bas any real knowledge of the Wattle; bat that fe the way tho petty papors keep themselves alive, Such ts notorigualy the history of the wild ramors that float over the country after every battle, and which in one hour announce were as that startle the coun- try and in another hlutat reverses whose very mention elckevs the national peurt. Accounts ‘ Hay waa | Accounts | NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY er ea a | this little serap of a sceus from Abaksperowill show: — Len) Hannon en Noble Put, Dorig yeu Pn Stesewab FFs Nowe vn. dlewen weil. Obs Beh Way, ed aud go ti ty won, todigntty he thoes runes, > How ta thts derived? be ol? Camegou from ebrewsbary? Ag nile . Phat fret) rendered me thee ners for true, met and of prod me Now, Lord Bardo!ph’s “reliable gentleman” was singularly unfortunate hero; for not only was the whole story @ tisane of tiga, but the frnth was In ¢he exact contrary of every afate- ment made, and tho next oourler converted “uals growtest victory since the time of Cesar’ into miserab!o dofeat, Accounts of the battle of Chattanooga, made up in the way we hevo sketched, appoared in several newspapers just after the battle, Our fioeount, written by Mr. Shanks, did fot, as might be aupposed, agree with theae ‘necounta, and hence it and its writer have been maligned somewhat. Nevertheless, that. account will’ etand as tho Lest account. written of that battle—as the best account wrilten «f any battle*in this war, and as tho beat account weit- | ten of any battle ever fought. We do not in this statement go a syllable too far, In hig do- scription of the great struggle at Chattanooga Mr. Shanks has done what bas never before been done since men met one another in battle. He has furnished to the world, directly from the battle field, an account of an immense notion that is as intelligible and as -clear as, the calm’ statements of Jomini, and that thrills up“and down one’s nerves as Sir Philip Sjdmey said tho ballad of “Chevy Chace” did—“like the blast of a trumpet.” -When and by whom has this heen done before ? “ Begin with the Scriptural account of the “hattle of four kings against five,” and come down to the great battles of modern times, and you will find that It bas not beon done at all. Thymbra is the first general. action in history of which we have any particular account. It was fought by over four bundred thousand men on one side and nearly twe hundred thousand on the other, and decided the possession of all Asia. Every account of it, however, is miser- ably poor by comparison with the account we gave our readers of the Inte great battle in jeorgia. At Marathon the Greeke fought the Persians, as Herodotus says, “in a manner worthy to be recorded,” and Herodotus accord- ingly records it. Marathon is one of the world’s great battles, and Herodotus is the father of history, and of course we have an immense reepect for both; but we must pronounee our correspondent to be a head and ‘shoulders taller than the Halicarnassian on battle pieces. Plutarch has tried bis hand op battles to a great extent. Compared with our. account in question, his description of the way in wbleh Alexander “opened the gates of Ala” on banks of the Granicus reads lke a puerile aneo- dote. Nor is the account of Arbela any better. All accounts of Alexander's battles may be read in vain to find a first rate one, So may all the de- scriptions of the battles fought by the race of generals who contended for the kingdoms ho left. If the genius of Alexander found no fit chronicler, Pyrrhus conld not expect it. How comparatively tame ts sntiquity upon Ther mopyie, Platea, Leuctra and Mantines. And the lesson is sufficiently simple—the historians id not see the battles of which they wrote, and in'some instances did not write their accounts of the battles until hundreds of years after they had been fought. Hence they inevitably want clearness and life. There is in Grecian literature one celebrated description of a battle written bya man who was present on the field as*a looker-on, and therefore not too much engaged to see the whole battle. This is the description in Xeno- phon ofthe battle of Cunaxa, between Cyrus and the “Great King,” from which field the “ton thousand” began their celebrated retreat. As the account of a spectator, it is a fair an- cient parallel with our account of which we speak. Let any one compare tho two and see how Xenophon limps. Josephus is another in- stance of a writer who was present at the bat- tles he describes. . All the fights about Jerusa- Jem in the great siege by Titus are given io his pages with a certain reality and life; but they are altogether deficient in breadth and force. Neither havo the battles of the great Roman wars any especial vividness in Roman history. Alas that there was no special correspondent with that wonderful soldier, Hannibal, through all the years that he remained in Italy. As it is, we have no adequate account of the dreadful ambuseade at Thrasymenus, carried on while “an earthquake rolled unheededly away,” nor any account of Canvw worthy of it, nor of Zama. Cwsar gives us & magnificent giimpse of a grand onset; butthere is very little of it. Pharsalia stands asa great fact in history, but not with especial brilliancy in any author. We know how the battle was lost and won. Tacticians can draw diagrams of the manceuvres; but there is no especial aplendor or excellence in the de scriptions of it, Charles Martel’s grand achieve- ment at Tours, which turned back the tide of Saracen conquest and made Europe Christiaa— | And where the battle was continued through seven days—thougb it has been described by Arabians and Europeans, and by Gibbon, is very tamely described everywhere. It is in agreat degree the same of the later medieval wars. Froissart’s “Battle of Cressy” is, bow- ever, admirable. So are some others of that old chronicler’s battle pieces, especially his Flemish battles, as that at Courtrai; but yet they are far behind the accounts given in our columns of Rosecrans’ battle. Clarendon is unquestionably a writer of frat rate abilities, and his “History of the Roglish Part War” is a splendid addition to English Iitera- } ture. But his descriptions of Exgehill, Marston Moor and Naseby are mere vague, shadowy | sketches beside our battle pieces. Through | the histories that contain the battles of Blen- heim, Maiplaquet and Ramillies, Rooroi, Lut- zen, oud the battles of Frederick (be Great, ' there is not a battle piece in any way worthy to stand on alevel with it. lu modern times more has been done in mi- nute descriptions of batttes than was dono un. cently. Curleton’s “Battie of Buenw Vista” was « splendid instance of this. Some Euro | writers have Iately come prominently before j the world {n this reapect, as Victor Tango, Mr. King'oke and Ball Ran Russell. account of the battle of Chattanoona we chal- . owas (he heavy shipment thus derived are not peculiar to these tines, as leaxea comparison with the hex, ptforts of any find) solution of tris problem of a Southgrn tho rebels, OUTOBER 1%, 1863, —rKuwLig SHEET. ae of tebae-writers. Hlazo's account ef Waterieo, cou ix °s poem griphi¢, On» and false — Jamini | througiaghe fog? Laleehoods and llr, Kfngtake | of fucta in qhioh he fs been 0 long énvel- | oped, aud wesbou!d agt Os surprised if, in the Fives it the Lie at every ate. of balites whore he ia, where he be sat nor where to atop. His accounts are inextricah y confused from one end to the other. Rugoli’s nuob vonnted letters to the London, Times trom the : wr tes scooun 4 vines ave incre jumbles of rivaggpic. No oe can make Out bead ov tail from thoae lettors of any bate they pretead Jo describe, This gentleman | wrote an acootint of the battle of Ball ran, dn —Lepake with one, my tord, that came from ) wiiiati there is not one word about the battle. Let our reader compare our account of the Dattle of Chattanooga with accounts of battles by any of these writers, and they will agreo with as toatl cur correspondent is superior to thom all in covery reapeot. The Preeept Bate of the KRebeiiton as Kecolved by John Bull. Tho totter which we submit to‘our readers this morning from the Richmond epecial corres- pondont of the London Twnes,of August 29, on the movements and prospects of the rebel armies, the blockade, and thé general condition of the rebellion, will be found sufficiently amus- ing ‘by tho intelligent reader to repay an altentive. perusal, John Bull’ in: Richmond is ataffed with such information as bis. rebel their cause be faithfully fulfils his mission of stuffing sympathizing Joho Bull in England. ‘The letter in question, to be eure, isa heavy draft upon English oredulity; but the writer, be it remembered, is in Richmond and in the service of the London Times. Passing over his items of information, his arguments and his conjectures concerning the movements and efficiéncy of the rebel armies, East and West, let us briefly examine some of the most Conspicuous of the numerous impu- dent fictions with which this letter abounds. He says, for example, that never since the beginning of this war “were the spirit and temper of Southern resistance more keen and’ exasperated than at this moment.” He is speaking, however, only for the cabal at Rich- mond, and he finds it convenient to shut his eyes to the peacp and Union meetings going on in North Cafotina, and to the fact that in Arkansas, Misg'ssippi and Northern Alabama the work of recruiting for the rebel army is extensively puraued by means of bloodhounds. He says next that “no one is now ignorant that during tho firgt six or eight months of the conflict there was not enough gunpowder at any of the Southern ports to have supplied the demands of asingle battery for three hours.” On the contrary, we know that there was sufficient gunpowder in the magazines of the Norfolk Navy Yard seized by the rebels to supply all the batteries and fleld works of the rebellion for a whole year, to say notliing of the supplies seized with Fort Macon, Fort Sumter, Fort. Pulaski, and numerous other forts and military and naval depots, from Virginia to Texas. We are algo assured by this veracious John Bull in Richmond that this year throughout the Davis confederacy “the abundance of ce- reals is such that ft would supply the whole population for throe years to come.” Against this brazen-faced assertion the bread riots which jbave occurred within the last ‘few months at Richmond, at Atlanta and Rome, Ga., and at Mobile, will afford’s decisive answer. But we have before us the maximum prices of provi- sions established by the rebel government at Richmond, aa rep: the Aeaminer of thas city, October 2. Fu the official schedule the maximum prices of cereals are thun sét down: — Wheat, five dollars per bushel; flour, from twenty-two to twenty-eight dollars per barre! ; corn (Indian), four dollars per bushel; rye, three dollers and twenty cents per bushel; oats, two dollars per bushel, and rice, twenty cents per pound. These are the maximum prices decreed by the rebel government; but they ere the mi- nimum prices at which the articles enumerated are sold, and only at these prices on public ac- count. Private sales rule at higher figures, to the extent of fifty, sevemty-‘ive, and even one hundred per cent. The next thing which in this Richmond let- ter challenges our special attention is an “ap- peal” from a Charleston merchant, exhibiting the inefticiency of the blockade aud denouncing the injustice of England in coutinuing to respect it. In this exhibit it is shown that during the present there have been forty-three arri- vals of blockade runners at Charleston and forty-nine at Wilmington, and the names of the vessels are givon. But, taking the cause of Charleston, we find that these forty- three arrivals are limited to some twenty ves- eels, and that more than half of these have been captured or destroyed, including the Herald, the Flora, the Ruby, the Margaret and Jessie, the Antonica and the Eagle. Numerous other vessels engaged in the same contraband traffic, and not included in this Charleston list of forty- three, have suffered the same fate in endeavoring to get in or out of that port—among them the fine and fast going eteamer Princess Royal, cap- tured lest February, bound in, and valued, ship and cargo, in Philadelphia, at over o mil. lion of dollars. , But this zealous John Bull {a Richmond, in regard to these Charleston blockade runners, effectually anawers himself; for while in the body of his letter be says that their trade at that port amounts to eighteen millions of dollars a year, he admits in hia postscript that, with the Union occupation of the whole of Morris Island, Charleston is completely shut up. The “maximum prices’ established at Richmond on imported goods by the rebel government prove conclusively that the blockade along the whole coast ia indeed a stringent one, in spite of the inefficiency of old Mr. Welles, and is a sore thorn in the side of the ‘“confederacy;” for otherwise it would not be decreed that dealers shall charge no higher price at Richmond than three dollars per pound for coffee, ten dollars prices of all the essentials of life in the rebel- lious States are facts fully sufficient to justify. | Earl Russell’s late public declaration that ad attempt on the part of England to break our blockade, on the pretext of ite inefficiency, would be an infamous preceeding. The general regard for the truth of thig Rich- mond letter writer of the London Vines may be correctly extimated from the statezaent near the close of his letter, that Beauryzard, in his { evacuation, “brought off all bis guns from Bat- | teries awl ever kuows ly learned alnce, 9,04 from Beanrogard’s Fer our | despatches, that Ko left ali his guns behind. We | can, however, afford to wait In patience the Course of the papsent winter, Bbis Binglish seces- #'on fetter writer, now in ; shall be found in Now York closing up bie laBors in | bevelf of a Boutiern coufederacy with the oen- fossion that he hua left it in disguet, and “with- out @ local habitation or @ aame.”’ Continental Wars in Europe and Ame- wloa. . Modern times have once seea Burope com- pletely ehaken by # great coutinental war. In the previous history of the human race there is no paralicl to the magnitude of the struggles waged by and againet the Firet Napoleon. Ho was tho great soldier of the age. Such men appear once in two or three centuries, He caused the past to be forgotten, and effected so many changes that he may almost be said to have invented war. His onmpaigns are the masterpieces of strategic art, and they who as- pire to sucoeas aa.sétdiers carry his single battles in their memories aa painters carry the figures and faces }imned'by Raphacl, His example is tho. court of last revort in all questions on war. Against'this great. soldier or in his cause every Atate in Europe was compelled to strike, and {ricnds think ft to give him; and in. behalf of | the whole continent, and the very limit of its resourees for war, were, a3 a consequence, brought out. y Z In our own times and on our own side of the Atlantic we sce now a remarkable parallel to the wars that devastated Burope in the twenty- two years-that begin with Toulon and end with Waterloo. Betwéen these great strnggles—the one in Europe and the other in America— there are many similarities. Both are conti- nental. Both continents are divided into nu- vmerous political communities or States that’ differ one from another in many respects. On ourside of the water the people of those va rious States had an apparent common bond of unity in their language; but this did not pre- vent the growth of a hatred as deep and as any ‘that ever existed botween the kindred European nations of Great Britain and France. Every one of the’ Bitropean States was repre- sented by its quota in the great wars, and every one of -our States is similarly repre- sented in the great struggle now in progress. Look at the twenty-two years of Europe and at the leas.than three years of America, and what is the comparison of power that the two continents have shown? Russia had in the fleld at one time in “those great wars, for ® great battle on her own territory, one hundred and thirty-two thousand men. New York State alone has sent over two hun- dred thousand men to the field up to the pre- sent timo. All the allied States, in the largest army they ever brought together, could muster but two hundred and eighty thousand men, New York and Illinois would miore-than equal this, while New York and Pennsylvania would outnumber it by over a hundred thousand men. Ordinary battles in Europe were fought by thirty and forty thousand men; and it was esteemed @ tremendous array of power when armies of one hundred thousand or one hundred. ‘and fifty thousand conffonted one another; but we on one side alone have over half a million men under arms, and, in addition to numerous smaller forces, keep in the field three armies whose numbers range from one hundred thou sand to one hundred and fifly thousand men. On the peniasula the Army of the Potomac numbered one hundred and fifty thousand; and at the battle of Gettysburg, when it was smaller than it had ever before been, it hed fer duty seveaty thousand men on the second day. When Napoleon, in the series of battles at Leip- sic, lost sixty thousand men in killed, wocnded and prizoners, Europe had put him down. Though that sixty thousand was from an army of one hundred end sixty thousand, he was overthrown by the loss. But in the past eum- mer the successes of our Northern armies de- prived the rebele in one week of ever ninety thousand men, and they are not ruined yet. Napoleon claimed six victories in bis first campaign in Italy, and claimed to bave killed and wounded ten thousand of the enemy. Six victories on either side would be very cheaply purchased in our war ai that price. Bull run quite equals that average in carnage; and that, it bes been said, was not « battle at all. At Eckmubl, out of seventy-five thousand, Napo- Jeon lost four thousand in killed” and wounded. With about the same number ox less engaged at Gettysburg and Chattanooga, our loss was at least four times that. Sach is the difference Spirit and tenacity between men on two sides of the ocean. At Waterloo Blncber an’ | Wellington bad together two hundred and fifty thousand, and Napoleon one hundred and twenty thousand men. The Frenoh lost in killed, wounded and prisoners thirty thousand, and the Allies in killed and wounded oniy seventecn thousand. Such was the great day of Waterloo, thet changed the fate of Europe. At the battle of Antietam the rebel loss in killed, wounded and prisoners was about the same as that of Napoleon at Waterloo, an@ our loss in killed and wounded was probably about two thousand less than that of the Allies. But the total aumber of men at Antletain on doth sides was at the very least one hundred and fifty thousand less than Napoleon, Welling- ton and Blucher altogether had ow “the bloodi- est day that Europe ever saw.” From such numbers it may be seen that our contineatal war, in magnitude" and in the des perate character of ite battles, dwarfs that of Europe entirely. Tue Distovat Catrronsta—The Londos Times states that California wishes to secede from the Union and become a part of Mexico. Of all the rumors started by the rebels in Europe this is the most absurd. California is Joyal all over, and down to the very depths of ber rich gold mines. She hes sent immense contributions to ow Saniteg Commisgion for warded at her own expense, six theusand miles, @ regiment of cavalry to serve in our armies, Such evidences of disloyalty we never Dofore witnessed. Indeed, California is twenty -odrate fine of pure loyalty. Sraruexa’ Jonw Brows Mramox co Burore.— It is asserted by the English jsurnals’ that Alexander H. Stepbens has gone ¢o Paris to ne- gotiate the recognition of tae rebel States by France on the promise of emancipation. The leaders of the rebeytion may promise anything to save their necks; but the peo- ple of the South cann¢¢ so stultify thomselves Gregg avd Wagner.” “The Times hns | as to give up to Franco just what the radicals | here claim from thism. If France believes this ise, and fete upon it, one party will be eated, and “ee do not believe that it will pe i against the enrolment of subjects whole question furns upon the right of the bogus goveromentiel the rebels to seize upea the persons of eubjdets of Great Britain, and by an arbitrary process of unequal consertp tion to force thpm, though foreigners aud aliens, to Aight for a cause in which they are in no way Interested. The acting British Consul, Mr. Fuflurton, has taken very strong and decisive ground in the premise, Ho dates bis communign tions from the “British Consulate” at Sayna. nab, and gays that be bas submitted hie soy ® aBlvel Busse ls pee tnd British Gubfeats ond the Scodae tie In another part of to day's papor there wilt be found @ most Interesting and ominous cor. reepondence between the acting Brittsh Consul at Savannah, Georgie, and tho obstreperons Governor Brown, who now lords it over the unfortunate people of that State, who, for the time being, anp commilted to his rule. The authority to aot for the British govornment, to Mr. Benjantin, the rebel Secretary of Btate, who approved it. The objeot.of his despatcbes to Governor Brown, .of , is to : ‘s wa, of. Georgia, Pree of Britain in, the rebel... ranke, 28 . soldiers ‘and adds that any residents:of Georgia otatm-_ ing to be British subjects who may be drafted, if required to leave their immediaté’ homes or * to meot the United States forces. in actual com filot, shall throw down their. arms, Mr. Fullar- .. ton vory wisely regards the rebellious q State of Georgia, among tho - other States, as in’ open rebellion its legitimate. government; and further, ‘Bgolnat ” he refuses to view the State as anything elas, than « portion of the old Union, engaged tae ~ civil war with her fellow citizens of othee Btates. The Governor then steps in and says that ho only desires the British residents of Geor- gla to defond the State in case of raids of the Yankees’ that might affect slave property, women and children; and he adroitly arguee that if they remain in the State and enjoy ite - protection they must aid and protect itin re « tern, Mr. Follarton immediately crushes the Governor by deolaring that aliens ean take no part in a civil war without the consent of thelz own government, and finishes his conclusive tion will unite in making such representations..." a8 will secure to aliens this desired exemption.’ ” The reply of Governor Brown ie characterized by great obstinacy. He refuses to enter into any discussion to prove that soldiers in Georgia are part of a Pows. foreign to that State, forms the British Consul that sion that the United States itt be cg F Fs? drafted and forced into the ‘The Gevernor’s reply is very evasive no way satisfactory. And thus the stand. It fs evident that this soting British is a far more sensible and pradent man i i s responds F. M. Hiely, two British subjects, whohed bem’ « many of bis compeers in other paste of the: Union. This is not the first time that the rebele have laid reugh ead vielent hands upon British subjects, while in the North they ate got. only exempt from conscription, but from al kinds of eppression. The onl England a on terme with u: the same e her rel wit States ac Mr. Ful- larton Mary contains much, if not all, of the secret der respondence relative to Marlyand while Major General Banke was in charge of that department, in the fall of 1861. For this most curios pre duction we makggoom to day fp our columns, and are sure that It will be read, enjoyed and filed away as one of the moat interesting ments filustrative of the history of the day. It ® embraoes letters from spies aod taformerr, orders from the State and War Departments; despatches from Major General McClellan, ports from subordinate military officers, ai messages, hints and telegrams from all sorts of people. . : The most important subject to which it bas reference is the breaking up of the Maryland Legislature and the seizure and imprisonment of such of its members as were known or suspeot- ed to be hoatile to the federal government an@ in favor of passing an ordinanee of secession, The Secretary of War, Mr. Simon Cameron. writes under date of September 11, 1861, that “the passage of any ect of secession by.the Legislature of Maryland must be prevented,” ang that, “if necessary, all or any part of the menp bers must be arrested.” General Banks was to nee his own judgment as to the time sud mag ner; but ha was enjoined to “do the worg day that, “after full consultation with the efectively.” Generel McClellan writes next ” President and the Secretaries of State and: War, it has been deotded to effect bgt wee proposed for the 17th,” and that be will bave & government stoamer ready to carry off the pale oners, He also requires, ynder orders, that the job shail be well dong He says:=-"Arrest the whole party. and be eure that ah He anticlpates the most Denedelal repuln help the operation, and deciares that “if sdccessfully carried out it will go far towards breaking the backbone af the rebellion.” We have bad two years now te resolve question whether, that job, being effectively 1, the onakt eby of the rebellion was ‘The secessionist legislate’ Injured ther of Maryland were dnly lodged in bog haga but the rebel army in the field weakened by it, fat there are few loyal citizens not seem to be much We eae in Marylang 6r elsewhere who will not admit , that the @rrect and imprisonment of those disloyal +. If they bad been allowed to meet and past Hote sogenbion ordianace is would, 8 gertole legiststors was a proper and politie f a aN —<