The New York Herald Newspaper, August 16, 1863, Page 2

2 ROSECRANS’ ARMY. view and geach of ca yrather imptied than ex essed, that they shall vot fire apow eich ot The ie 4 gathered Rand Goonms Thomas aud Sheridan to m to some of the quick y did not open upon us. RETR SPRCTIVE. Having, in the interest of the Lexar», watched and woted the oceupatt abandonment of this country a Sketches of Alabamian Cities as They Are. eyed revel artil when th my was kuown as the Army How the Rebels Intend to Kill Gene- a ine Gnlo. and Mabon it wan under Buell (that thorough soldier, whatever fulta be may bave), e old grovnd today, with much nation to-day 13 wot unlike that . This edition, however, ia a one. Then the author, trammelied tal Rosecrans, Why Rosecrans Does Not | sai odstrocted by Hatieck, who had never écen tho coun- try and knew nothing of its features, save what the topo. Advance. graphical maps which were furnished him could tell, was. forced to hold a line from Huntsville to Jasper, along the Tennessee river, with the enemy not in bis front, but on his left fank, This ine was @ false one, which Pueli at- tempted to remedy by a do’ensive crotcbet, extending from Altame to McMinnville. But whea the eaem: flanked the ing and advanced towards the crotchet it was too ate, Buell thought, to make the orotchet the lie (General Thomas thought otherwise); and so the famous Bueil retreat. Tam very fond of taking a re- trospective glance at that wonderful march, ‘how it began on August 23, from Battle creek, and ended Sep- tember 26, in the forced midvight march of twenty miles from Sait to Louisville, Buell winning the race over Bragg by ‘ten miles, as the latter's advance waa halted ten miles out of Louisville by the bluffs of a little fork of Salt river. And in thus retrospecting I cannot but remember that this army is again throe hundred miles from its base, at this game period of the year, with the same enemy in the same position, aud then wonder whero it will be at the end of August and the end of September. ‘THE REURL LINKS. The enemy hold the Tennessee river from Harri- son to Bri Harrison is their right, Chatta- hooga the centre—the fortified citadel—and Bridge- fs the left. The whole line covers tne im- tions of Cleveland and other points on the Knoxville to Atlanta. Bragg knows that if ‘we move on Chattanooga our line must itaelf to his. If we do not he stands ready to himself ¢o ours. At any rate there is no fear that we are going to commit tho fault of leaving him on our flank ‘again. Valuable Topographical Information Given by a Rebel Engineer Officer, &e. &e., &o. Mr. Wm. F. G. Shanks’ Despatches. Bawaxrorr, Ala., August 2, 1963. GBNWRAL ROSKCRANS’ HRADQUARTERS, General Thomas, commanding the Fourteenth army corps, and Gencral P, 8. Sheridan, temporarily com- manding tho Twentieth corps tn the absence of General McCook, to-day came to the front of the army, which miay be designated by the date of my letter I had reached Cowan, on my way to Winchester—General Rose- crans’ headquarters—but on invitation took passage on the train, and am enabled to write you from a masked battery on the blu of the Tennessee, in full view and easy bearing of the enemy on the island and those oppo. sito, where they bave encamped and protected them- selves behind a large stockade, and there is a mutual agreement between the men that there shall be no in- discriminate firing on pickets. DEPors. While at Cowan I noticed that it was being madea large and extensive depot for supplies; but as yet, for, want of transportation, only a very small quantity has been accumulated thore. Cowan is directly at the foot ‘of the mountains, and the advance of the main body of infantry, Hence, with a lack of supplies at Cowan, it was natural to suppose that rations were scarce beyond the mountains, By the time we reached this ‘plgce we had discovered that the main supplies upon which the ad- vance divisions ala@ig the road subsisted were, as yet, in the great depots of “mother earth,’ and consisted chiefly of large flelds of corn. Every little valley and cove in the mountains is cultivated. These coves are smell, the largest I saw containing not over five hundred acres; but they are extremely rich “in soil and highly productive. ‘The people have been content to plant only corn. I saw no wheatfelds op the entire route, and it is not at all probable that Bragg drew any supplies of wheat or other grain from the district through which I passed, Tne sol- diers are at present great respectors of growing corn, ‘as it is in that Kentucky or neutral condition of neither corn nor roasting ears; but when it has grown hara enough for use they will not be so tender of it, Thetall, grenadier like stalks are just now going into tassel, and a tew days more of this delightful and balmy weather will hasten the harvest of theso mouvtains, The corn crop is very great and bounttful, STEVENSON, ALABAMA, If Stevenson was in any of the Yankee States, with the game advantages as & concentric point of railroads, with ‘the same richness of soil, the same blessings of water and the same besutics of scenery, it would be a minia- ture city of two or three thousand rious and ener: getic inbabitants. But,being in AlsbalBia, it is a village of oniy five or six houses, besides the depot buildings, aud the sum total of inhubiteats is combined ia the family of @ long-haired, listless and lazy. man who keops the “Alabatma Hotel,” and about four negro sérvants, whose Anglo-Saxon features and general resemblance to the Inodiord retect seriously upon bis general moral charac- ter, and confirm the Western orator in his statement that “‘the Anglo Saxons are going South with a vengeance.’ IMPEDIMENT A. ‘The sanguine expectations of loyal men are rather dampened by two difficulties which one on the spot cannot bat see. One does ‘not like to look them squarely in the face. Yet t! are 80 apparent that they cannot be avoided. I refer, first, to the great difficulty of pro- vistoning the army and filling its depots—a difficulty incressed by the increased distance from our base and the cad want of railroad rolling stock. The impedimenta of our army are gereraily con- sidered to be the large amount of transportation, which retards advances and obstructs retreats. But in the pre- sent instance the chief impediment toan advance is the want of it. It is au impediment which is going to rob us of what is now of most value to us; for it is both safety and success. I meantime. If we had transportation tn plenty I think General Rosecrans would take old Father ‘Time by the forelock with such vigor and iy an would astonish the rebels out of Chattanooga in twenty days. And yet one sees on the track here @ vast number ot cars. I noticed a train a few days ago with cars in it from nearly every road whose stock is quoted in the com mercial co! . War isa great ‘emalgamizor of races ang railroad ¢ars. Ina train which came up today, drawn by a captured locomot: Charleston road, and now called Gov. - igan Southern, Mobile and Ohio, Little Miami and Columbus and Xenia, Memphis and Cincinnatt, Columbus and Cleveland, Jackson and Vi burg. and Georgia Central roads, and a marked “Jerry Nottingham’s freight line, via Thero is, doubtless, great difficulty in ‘obtaining cars, as Blane Marshall, Superintendent of the Louisville and Nashville, and Mr. Anderson, Military Superintendent of the line to Bridgeport from Nashville, aud Mr. Goodht Assistant Superintendent, are all mon of well known and industry, and would have them if it were possi 1am not aware whence this difficulty arises; but certain it ts that it is a very serious one to Gen. Rosecrans, Sanna, s AMPAIGR. While crossing ee re The See here conver- sation turned upon the prospective campaign, General Thomas, usually reticent and quiet, made the remark that the prosecution of the war in this district was not a campaign, in tbe military sense of the word. ‘ lt is,” he, “ 9 alow process of colonization, These people,’” Meaning the citizens, “will bave to be sent ahead of us, ‘and their places filled with loyal men.” The opinion which is thus briefly expressed by General Thomas is one ‘not dew fo this orm: bot the opinion which at times be- comes warmed into feeling on tl Bog wal has ast been y the public have fecliog in tbo'semy, exouph. threes some published oor ing in thoarmy, some pul ‘or: respondence between Generals Thomas and Reynolds on the one part, and General Halleck on the other. The opinion above expressed is held bz seek representative men as Genorals Thomas, bow bo }, Roussoau, Nogley ‘Sheridan at ae and others. While irfrecsboro, some mon! ‘Tue place is a ruin; and is only occupied on account of tis | since, G voral Negicy, im a long conversation on this sul importance as a railroad crossing. The stockade and oy w hes me to give publicity to the feeling on mud fort relice of Buell’s campaiga are stilt tending, and | Woe St pel ot ae demeesey Revacame the rebels bave also kicdly permitted the bridges in the . and this sition then soumsed, malt vicinity, with the exception of that over Widow creck, to to create contra. Sant. Ceseral suet oetae’ aan alah ener Siar the cate aiseytine tee ineeenence across this country was so burried a stampede that they pe erage ng ie gy sah eae did not take time to buro them, although they bad | Means are io war strict ordors to do so, When we reached Stevenson, at | Seninat such be SS upon ceianchieet Teowcom noon, the bridge over Widow creek had not been quite | have given bim a character, , wi Ontshead by tho Gotachment of the First Michigan mocba.ics and engiveers. Word was sent, however, that it would be done by three o'clock B. M. So we had ow ay reese tedl og landlord reported Rosecrans ve 8 chanee (ogeiipusts': hn iang- halsed. and his | (arily fled on “bearing of bis approach. During the con Anglo Saxon africans were stirred up, and a short time Aftor wo sat down to the best that North Alabama could afford. 1t consisted of a very full supply of very weak tea and gulphur water, a very limited supply of not captured lands as bounty, with inducements to squatter sovereigns to emigrate southward. mal |LAPROPOS OF RUBLI.. very fresh eggs and bam, and » quantum suficit of | Ihave before alluded to Buell; 80 that the following brad, which suffered badly in comparison with the | Teserding him will pot be so pp as the ‘“Lancoln platforma’® whieh we bad put’ in our pockets, | Lesding © thie paragraph would lodioste, | 2 short tine ago ade mo aware of the decision of the court of inquiry in the Buell case—a decision which has Bot been made public ; at least [ have seen no lication of it, and the War Department seems determined that it shall not be known until the next Congress demands tho documents, The decision of the court was upon the three points or sub,ects submitted to it. The frst of these Whea you “stop” and “pat up’’ at the “Alabama Ho- tol,’ Stevenson, be sure to bring your meals and bed with you, and im departing be sare to foliow the exam ples of some of the Aposties in regard to the dust of Jeru- ealem, with this variation, shake not the dust of your vints was in reference to General iy fered foot, but tho bedbugs off your clothing. We found at ent to be invaded by Braj wanna ny de- the hotel a paymaster, who declared that he had x | c' that by permitting (ois Gen. was ly to be pitched battle with these insects, and that all night long he had (eit himseif to De ao uafortunate Gulliver among tho Lilliputians of Alabama. He is positive he had on ie person more “‘graybacks” than “greenbacks.” We wore all giad when the train brought us teo miles fur ther, to this place. WRIDGETORT, ALAnaMA. Bridgeport I oace before bad the pleasure of describing as a cluster of half a dozen houses, without any partic jar arrangemont as to streets. But that was year ago, and now the houses and ichabitants are gone. ‘The name will now have to be appliod to two or threo mud forts, which remain standing, oue of which wos butt by Buell, and the rest by Frag. Nei- ther of (hem appears to have been considered of mush importance, as Bragg didn’t take time wo demolish our work, and Culonel Bradley, commanding, is now using if a8 @ stable There no guns fo the works, and only one Geld piecg and an old rusty dis. mounted cum lying pear the river edge, pointing towards the bridge. The Tennessee river upposite Bridgeport is dividet by « long island, and each half of the stream is about cight bundred er one thousand feet, the island be- ing about (he same width. The bridge over tho river is tm fact two bridges, @ heavy earthfill crossing the island and eeparoting the two. A greater part of the halfbridge thie side (west) of the island has been burned; but the rato is much less than] anticipated The river is now pearly fordsbie, and when the island is taken we can easily rebuild the bridge. The piers are all perfect. Al though now vearly fordabic, the river is of sufficient depth to aliow oavigation by two smail boats in typ hands of agreed opinion expressed bofore the o-mmission, that General Bucl! should bave fc it Bre in the vicinity of tta, Teanessee. At this time of movement the rebol army was superior in strength to that of General Buell; but Geveral Thomas, in the con- versation he'd upon the subject today, remarked that Buell’s was superior in le,and could havo been de- pended upon for the work. The next point before the court was in reference to the battle of Perryville. The decision exonerates Buell, and is rather severe on Gen. A. McD. McCook, who command ed the = left ich was principiily en- Such is the waged decision of this remarkable court. Cannot the War De- partment allow the evidence, with all its damning facts in to certain ones high in military power, to be Y ? Out Wost bere we are very much tn seeing certain things \, and terested are many of the While on this subject me which some time ago created great excitement, and for a time arrayed many of Buell’s 1 refer to a lettor said to have been written to President Lipoota by wi Governor Anat Portfolio a number of memorandums, on ot jum, Paper, in the Govertior's handwriting, ratiuoes atarens, dovetailed to- tue rebels Ono of these came down the river to within cutaie lane taste oats These he of Bridj Y gether into ter ‘ting to be from Johnson to aight ridgeport day or two since, but was quickiy | fether inte tb Wene ee ce Na driven back to Chattanooga. randema Forney's correspondent was detected Some mas. Governor's private seoretary, Mr. Browning; and Tho istaud erponite us is occupied by the rebel brigade | to desist, Ia, ity offering. tho memorandums of General J. Patton Anderson, of Florida The main | "re |. Forney’s correspondent camp of the cebels i Bot in sight oF shelling distance; bat | pec ‘fealine sm ag te they have a stockade at this eage of the island, in which Akoir reserve pickets are encamped. This te in full view, not over eight huudred feet distant. When we reached the river those men were visible on the opposite bank, walking about leisurely and oceasi nally shouting across to the \anks! General Sheridan telis me that when hia «dvance reached bere the rebels, having burned the bridge, were sitting om the most distant pier, aud wel comed our mon with a laugh, aud one shouted across ;— “Laay, Yanks, whar's St. Clar Morton and bis pontoon train’ Crossing the army at Kooxvilie,”’ shouted « ia reply * Whar's Stanley's cavalry ?"" “Jn rear of you.” Ocr men made inquiries in regard to Vicksburg and | Port Hutoon, but the rebels had 90 disposition to talk upon so sore 4 Kub,ect HOW RANE 10 HE KILLED RY ARAGG AND HOW, ‘These conversations are kept ap daily, apd sometimes are highly interesting and quite witty. Yesterday the rebels announced that Charieston had been taken, but * we've killed your man, Gillmore.”’ One of oar men sakt that was a heavy price to pay,» but,’ added he, “we are going to have Charleston, cost what it may. They also stated that the Woohawken been sunk At thie moment an officer put a stop to flow of information, and talking for the rest of the day was stopped. A day Ot two since a rebel asked , in stentorian tones -— + Where's (id Rosey?” « He's coming. You'd better skedaddie. «0! we're mes afrasd, Ord Bragg will Kitt tim yes.> \ How's be going to do Kr" +: Kaop rooteg Uli he Breaks O14 Rosey down: ‘Teo about which followed this drew our oMeers to the acter he ungustly bore as a rebol sympathizer—a trait very far from natural to Bueli's character, It is strange that Governor Johnson has never denied the authorship of the doeument: but it is very certain that he never sent, nor did the President ever receive, any such letter. The Governor bas, however, by bis silence, acquiosced in tho faiso statements of the letter, and will be hold re Aponsible for it Wreeumerm, Teon., August 3, 1963. WRAGO'S TOPOGRAPINCAL ENGINEER DRONES fre T wrote you a few days ago from Nashville that one of General Bragg's topographical engineers bad come into our lines at Bridgeport, bringing valuable information and maps, I saw the individual to day at headquarters of the department, now located at this place. Ho ia a young German, whose family and friends live in Rrook lyn, and who impressed into the rebel service at Mempnis 9 couple of years ago. nied that the service had a peculiar charm for bim, though he wonld much bave preforred that of the Unton. With much kill with the penoil and food of sketching, the ad venturous fife in the army had its attractions for bir. To desert was te renounce that tHe, and (t ix net to b> doubted he 10.4 Bragg with nome feeling of regrot He states that Bragg's topographical corps ia vory largo and excellently organized. All the topographors aro in camp at Bragg’s headjuartors, and are detached with commands in the mareh whenever informition apon their line of march is dosirabie. This system is found to work most admirably, the topographers vo being interfered with by divisiun commanders who may wish work done for themseives. Tho following aro “Yank” It ie hardly to be Ao. | NEW YORK HEKALD, SUNDAY, AUGUST 16, For obvious reasons (ho name of the deserter in this ase wpot civon. He teean exceedingly intelticent geu- tleman, and since he bas been at headquarters bas fotsbed a map of Chattanooga from actual fleld notes, giving ail information of importance to us. The heights of the bills, prominent peaks, relative altitude of tho biufle on ei) of the river, location of batreries and camps, are given with what he says great agcuracy Ho brings with bim a large map of the country on the south side of che Tennessee river from Bridgeport to Chattanooga—a map of the very grestest importance to ua. It was while evcaged ip, the duty of mapping this istrict that ne crossed the river and came over to our side. Ho was dressed in his best suit of gray, and his portfolio, or haversack, was filled with maps, notes and caricatures of the different rebel omeere—Folk, dee, &c. He had also some sketchos of the Stono river.battle field. He is to be allowed to return to his home in Brook- lyn ip a few days. While on the subject of the topographors I tl le on the subject topog: may as wi mention that Captain Merrill, General Roseorans' chief topographer. d a large, fine map of the rebel works of Tullahoma the ground it ifficult to perceive ul remember the courses of the failing to see their relative fully comprehended the si hese works until ho sees tho map. Tullaboma i= ifed not unlike Cosinth. ‘but I have vo hesitation in saying that the works of the former are much than those of the latter piace. Corinth had no work half as strong aa Fort Rains. The rebels mado a great mistake in al ‘the Tullahoma and Manchester line for that of the‘ north of works, and pesittone, ‘one does Duck river. Had they been content bold Tulla- hora and Manchester Rosecrans would bave been ‘at Murfreesboro, But the it. we o¢cupied Man- chester. which Bragg should have beld, we avoided the Reet Tulebowasee the oe the where re were no works. Consequently abandoned the position without an effort, and’ as the countey people here, describing hia. retreat, eay,‘‘par severed right straight on till NEGRO TROOPS and A second clauso constitutes a examination, whore duty it is to examine officers of the army applying for commissions as officers of these regiments. Among others named as constituting this board pcmenner only the name of Colonel Parkhurst, . tel's me that officers thus applying are to be examined as to their peculiar fitness to control negroes a8 well an to thelr ability to drill amd discipline them as soldiers. There are now about seven thousand negroes in the department who will thus be armed, and the num ber is increaswg daily. Ighould not be astonished to report in two months hence ten tl Negro soldiers ed artery part See army. It has hewn divgpyored here that @ company of free negroes was at one time or- Sots in Nashville, and the Nashvil'e rebel orgin of Isham @. Harris the opinion that each one could bg ten Yankees. As the white rebels bad never claimed that they could whip more than five Yankees, .the Nasuville Union argues (and the army pro- fesses to accept the argument) that a negro is twice as as a secessionist. The question is likely to remain without practical solution. ‘THE ARMY SUPPLYING THR CITIZENS WITH FOOD. All the citizens of the country in which the army now lies depend entirely upon it for daily support. They go each morning in squads to the different division head quarters and draw food upon orders issued by the Provost Marshal of each division. It ts estimated that many thousands in the vicinity of Winchester bt thus fed by our troops. Most of these are women and childrom whose natural protectors are in the rebel army, or who are in our hands as deserters. men are generally very old ‘sod the boys are all under fifteen. Those liable to mili- tary duty are gone and not likely to get home soon. T talked with a great many of the women who came to Rousseau for their rations, and find them in meat cases indifferent to the roturn of their lioze lords, There is a startling amount of immorality among them. In their habits, such as seekinn, chewing and “‘dipping," they are most disgusting. 1 was sit. ting in the tent of Captain Williams, at Rousseau’s, « day or two since, admiri the dolicate, well turned fea- tures of a woman who, she been educated, would have been thought beautiful, antl was about yoke ed some such idea to Captain Williams whon she turned her head to one side, and, with the air and 108 of a Practiced chewer, “‘spirted’’ a stream of séliva fcom her thin lips, and then, throwing away the tobacco she had beon cheeking, took from her pocket «small phial of snuff, and with a spoon shaped bit of wood filled her mouth with the filthy drug. ‘Major, allow mo," said forrest ged and boautiful domsel to's friend of mine w juat Oiled his pipe. At the same time sho took = ‘and filled it with the Major's strong and puffed away with the most perfect, but by no mosus charming, noachalance. The ignorance of these people is as di their man- mal Shey nave from the white citizens. At the i of at Cowan, rations are issued to two ‘fundred and thirty five persons daily. and te picture T have drawn of them will apply to all I bave seen in this vicinity, I have seen no ‘better clazs of chivalry’ as yet. Teuppose and hope they have gone South. Ihave referred in the above pari to ‘desert. era in our hands.” There are & number of these who ‘are resideawm of the district in which we now are: but, trough Sremrtare, ther hemanct ‘deen hastily allowed to is, it has been discovered that these rters are the very same who deserted over a year ago, whee Johoaten through the State. After havi rae at home, bush- whacking and playing the till put fo the army again, they new come in aad it themselves ax having deserted. The queation for solution is, shall those quasi enemies bé allowed to remain in our midst to infest our rear. It is one General Rosecrans will fad mych dif feulty in solving. INTELUGENT PICKETS Qne meets occasionally smong our Own men some rare specimens of ignorance ‘clothed in a little brief autho- rity.’ It is anot uncammon thing to pass a picket who peerage ens) yy unravel the m: of a uader half anhour. A few days gol Decherd Koi and undertook to walk while the ambulance in which had started passed Over a bad part of the road. A colored servant was following me. Unexpectediy I came upon a — who asked me for my pass. [banded it to him. it read—'‘Pase Mr. {oorrs it of the New Yore Areato],’’ &c.—the passage fo having been ia- serted by way of explanation of my right to a pass. The picket said ¢hat was all right ,and wanted one (or my eer- vant. “Tg not that for two?" asked I. Fe looked at it again and remarxei— “Ob, yes, Teee! Your name is ———, aod he's the ay voy the New Yore Heratp."’ Twas too indignant to correct him, and tho darkey AN RITEMPORE SERMON. This story reminds me of another, told-on ove of the chaplains of Rosecrans’ division, He is one of those ex- tempore orators who preach trom the text which first catches their eyes on opening the Bible. A Sunday or two since the cl in preachod to ono of the regiments near his own, and was furnished with a Bible by the Ad- jutant. Ho opene: it at xix. Revelations, xvi. verse, and ‘began reading a of ‘The Defenders,’ which ee, » bad clipped. & Dewspaper and placed there r priservation. lo fom overed bis mistake, bub continued to read, fluished the poem, and delivered & ‘ine sermon on ‘‘loyaity to the flag.”” posmad pbk “fg uence, iating the spirit of the sermon, trodgeed tue Fittosath ietaatey band upon the eoexe of action, aad the services were by the band playing spirited muse of “The Battle Ory of Freedom.” E ion, which ip the old world wo of otviti tera of course, but which appoxt to be still wanting man: ‘fons across the Atlantic. fow coun- trios tn where much enthusiasm would be excited by assurances of exemption from arbitrary contributions, of ty, and of justice upon it the Mexicans have learnt ful for amall mercies, and they aro giad to the new government will not rob thom itself bed by others General Forey and his advisers havo seen too many revolutions at heme not to know that confiscation is a bad method of | conoiliating adherents, and he ts wiee in cectorit | that par ‘of paiionat property shall not be dis | turbed ia th jon. With there benefits se. Mexicans may hear with some ‘ 6 doputy recruiting fo tho army will be reformed, porsibiy i sucha way ee te have no army recruited, taxation wl! be placed on an equitable the Catholic religion wit 4 tected, the bishops will be required (o re: do ta team diooeser; brigandage willtbe put dowa. and the courts of justice will no longer sell their judgments to the bighest bidder. Buch are tho chief promises With which ral F | nochange masucncsetuly, 10 ain the couddenc “aed ape port of the Moxican people. Numerovs decrees hiready p promulgated ite Barey bie word into oftect we note rogulatiog Pres, ON ADCOUDL OF its 8) | fo the law. with which ibe Weuoral's count mt, are 96 familiar at home, No papers tablianed without permission of 1) per rities; reaponsible editors are to bo appornted, and all ar. ticles nee to be signed by the wrilors; moderate dinoussion of oMfietal acts is permitied, but no criticism thay mi compromise sacred interests OF tend to diaperace i. These fundamenial se@uitu- ‘ tirae, however, have sul Co be forme. ani another ting prosoribes tho steps to be ¢akeu for that purpose. A of Sa perior Gounmittec’” ts od, five 100 Of claae Or caste, LO foi those previ ously named in forming an assembly of notables to deciie definitively om the pature of the future: t. Three days are allowed for coming to a decision. If at the end of that time at least two-thirds of the amsombly are not agreed, the hundred and fifteen members are 0 be dismissed, and another sot of the same number summoged, until the momen- tous question is determined. ‘Immediately ou tho installation of the permanent rnment, the functions of the temporary executive cease, and Mexico will be fairly launched upon its new career. This new ex- ample of constitution making was jing at the de- ture of the last mail, The prov executive had French, a Mexican prelate, and a third whose quality ig not described. A great lar festival was held at their imauguration, The of France and Mexico wavod over the public buitdings; the three members of the executive were escorted to the national palace in a long military procession, they tnere added one more oath to those which every public man in Mexico must have sworn before;.then they went toa s»lemn service at the cathedral,and having thus satisfactorily got through the pi pomp, y followed General Forey’s example in issuing « manifesto to the ssreen it opeas, yo aly di ita ies panag bend ress. pens, a8 was only due, wi 4 of all intrest wos ha the jnvaiere,cegaittiog them tives, and congratulating the country upon the possession of real coll goveroment. it thes ee rather a dismal account of the difficulties it has to encounter, speaking, among other things, rather ominous), the ‘‘atheism which has beon plant part re Spoctabe Sa Pecina ues coneaner mar Tower Gates oe securing it @ period of é to the capital, but ext a We read that the applications to General Forey for pro- tection are more numerous than it is ible to grant. Lipedibine ya fact, are where Opposition was overcome, the progress of the became much more e.sy tham the aspect of the Mexican government bad led people to ex- ect, The Emer has gained his first obj a less vale than was pen od After this success it would be hazardous to say he bas _ cornering tives he eee to Lohner agl per: rho can boast of hav ven Mexico permanent peace equilibrium. But ident Juarez still holds out, and {3 no doubt able to control a considerable faction of the people. Until he is finally overcome, the pacification of the country must continue to be uncertain. Besides this, other complications, both internal and external, threaten the invaders, and are at least likely to detain them fora considerable time in the scene of their triumphs = In what way are thelr services to be remunerated? is to be the ‘material guarantee” for the cost of establish- jog order in Mexico? The answer to these earrad must ve given by him; but in the meantime the late reports of the Btock ange would uot lead us to reckon Mexican credit among the things that are certain to follow trom the Freach occupation. The Queen of En Ro; The Queed fas written a letter to am respecting the death of Madame Geneive, who { from a rope thirty feet from tho ground,on which she was performing at the Foresters’ fete in Aston Park. Her Majesty says plainly that this poor woman haa been ‘pacr! " to the gratification of a ‘‘demoralizing taste, unfortunately prevalent, for exhibitions attended with ‘the greatest danger to the mera,” and that the re- | we of the occurrence has awakened in her ‘‘feelings of jorror.’’ The Queen finds @ proof of the demoralizing effect of such exhibitions in the continaance of the sports of the day after the molancholy event, and calla on ber le to use their in‘uence to check 80 depraved a tasto. for suoh triokea as walking wilh bis head c»verod with a sack, and standing on h's head, the solo value of which was that they suggested every moment the p-oba- Dilliyo aserious accident, And of this kind have boon ‘the appeals of bis imitators to publictavor. They bave not attempted to draw crowds by ying the unger, do aay tbat the spectators go, with the hope . Tosay 3 wi e geoing Such a sight as was pote gy yearat igh bury and this year at Cremorne, when the performers fell {rom the rope. crushed and mangled, wouid not bo it they cortainly go to bow, 4 the feel- ing that the performor is within a hair's breadth of such That they do so is certain; for the same fe ite executed at asale be ght would be deemed unin. eating. Mane Geneive's ance at Aston Park {n ‘‘a biuo Muslin skirt, with ,"" at once drew the from every occupation amusement. thing extraordinary about ber ra pant except the dangers by which it was gratuil surrounded. The rope was ‘pe high as the thir: 'y of an ordinary house. At firat she walked halt way down the rope, the Seat Sie Dae te rn 1 Ww! rin; chains bound on ber bands and fect. The 1 vas pplause as she tee taitemsat. tbe made her way al the rope was creasing the a mae » ghtened crowd must be further gratified, so the periormer eee eee ag fal Sethe ir head. only took three more steps wi the rope gave way; she fell, broke her back, and died without a . And then a most revolling cirowmstanc: revealed and the specie. weno ith, tend émished hilarity. Teporter tolls us that ‘‘the assemblage seemed beat upon continuing their enjoyment, and in a short time lads and lasses were et with great giec in playing at where death bad ‘The ighumanity thus displayed is ap- palling. hese people had been indulging io an essentially inhuman pleagure—the exciting bu' no ? jon of another's perils, Their amuse! a for the performer, How could it wi ‘was that human life isa thing that and Toe reek This is why every Po wil ‘Queen that the taste for such exhibitions i , accord! expression, Austria is less ai Uban ever to throw a spark among the combus tible elements In Europe. ‘The more the situation turn in our faver by force of circumstances, the more we consider it aa an urgent task ‘of Prussian policy to seek in tie dirceiion a greater asso and an understanding with Austra, and partwular- iy with Fngiand. Kussya, alone. is not for w an ally al- cient, or ailogether to be depended on. If wo } persist niuch longer in ‘the roserve now maintained, our | position will be more and more compromised, and’ de- of influence, so mach the more as the final object of gome politicians would very well extend to the isola- tion of Prassia (nh Furoye, and ia Germany, aud placing it im a situation like that in which Austria found herself ‘at the time of the Italian war, i Goneraily i would be well to bring the case of the Kingdom ot Italy to the recollection. net only of Russia, Dut of Italy itself, The consequences which France secks actually to draw from Poland in respect to Kusaia would not be shared to others (n other directions —[s the actual representative of Prasats st Loadon Ot for the exigencies ‘of the wituation? ow Sibley’s Expedition Against tne Indians. " Omenco, Angant 15, 1e6a. A Apeciai despatoh frou S' Paul, Minnesota, saya — General Sibley bas fought three Ditties with the ta. Gener ‘The fndians bave been driven sorena the Mamourt with great lons of life. ‘The stpedition of Geweral Sidi9% 9 homeward heaad. a EARN oe ee ream tin sae. M LITERATURE. >. | 1863. oe x The Germit, the Woman and the Bouguet. 4 Tale of the Warrenton (Virginia) White & i gk. File and prates und sings of and will not speak 10 any one. as “Prometheus fl metvous unbound,” toga fashion = Oroveso, the prle, of Deuids in “Norma,” —Polomac Army Corres- of New York Herald. ee Fe ig il Hy : h Here we have the outlines of a strangely fas- cinating picture, which we propose to fill up with some of the lights and shadows of the stery, as it was told to us many yeara ago by a dark-eyed Virginia beauty on the castern piazna of the great hotel at the Warrenton White Sulphur Springs. This hotel, on the summit of a gentile elevation, stood in the centre of a pretty semicircle of cosey cottages, or cabins, as they are called in the South, with the fountain in front, at the foot of the hill, under its ‘‘temple-like structure.” The area thus enclosed was tastefully embellished with flowers, bowers, and inviting walks under overarching trees; and little did any of the devotees of fashion of the political stargazers there assembled on that day dream that within their time ‘thoughts of Marius at the ruins of Carthage, and solilo- quizing upon the grandeur of desolation,” would follow a visit to the enchanting scene, and that the buildings around them not in ruins would be pitted with the marks of ‘‘Sigel’s shells,” dis- charged against the advancing hosts of a gigantic rebellion. Marlow, an aspiring young bachelor, was a limb of the law of some promise, but somewhat vain of his good looks and accomplishments, a de- votee of beauty and botany, @ believer in poetry and moonshine, and full of whimsical notions. At this interesting epoch of hia career this aforesaid White Sulphur Spring (for there is only one) was known more as a ‘deer lick’’ than as a rendezvous of the loves, doves, hawks and pigeons of the Vir- ginia chivalry. It was an accident) that brought the unlucky Marlow at this place to his first meet- ing with a dashing young damsel, whose name for the present shall be Miss Bettie Fitzwilliam. She was a tall, elegant, accomplished, witty, gracious, generous, sensible, yet capricious and dominecring beauty. She was the heiress to one of the finest farms of Fanquier county, and upon her marriage day,to usea military expression, would “turn over” to her lord and protector a lot of one hundred and twenty negroes, including a large proportion of first class ficld hands, several good rough car penters, two blacksmiths and a Baptist preacher; and a preacher of the Gospel among the slaves of a Southern plantation, be it known, ia; for many sub- stantial reasons, considered a valuable institution. One beautiful day in July—the narrative is given Asreceived from the -daiaty lips of the dark-eyed Virginia beauty aforesaid—Mariow, whe had been out poetizing and botanizing (the county courts for a month or two bad adjourned), pretty well exhausted from his wanderings in the fields and woods, had set himself down upon # convenient log, near the sulphur spring, to rest his wearied limbs a little before resuming bis walk to the dis- tant village. In this position he had unconsciously passed several hours in examining numerous varieties of weeds and wild flowers which he had collected, and in arranging them into the form of @ bouquet. Then bouncing to hia feet, as with a sudden inspiration (the man was even then a little flighty), and, clapping his hands with delight, he exciaimed, “It shall be so! It shall be so! Matri- mony at best is but a lottery, and this bouquet shall be my ticket. To the first young maiden in the by'menial market who crosses or comes in my path this blessed day I shall offer these ‘wild- wood flowers,’ with my compliments, and her re- ception or refusal of them I shall consider as fix- ing my destiny as a Benedict or a bachelor.” Strange conduct thia for a lawyer in making up his case; but so it was; and while he was yet standing in a brown study over thig momentous freak of folly he was startled by the approach- ing sounds of a horse's fect, and then by the astonishing apparition of the beautiful Bettie Fitz- william on her favorite white pony, and without an attendant. She had wandered off from her companions—-she had lost her way. She believed she was addressing Mr. Marlow. Would he be kind enough to show her the road to Warrenton. Of course he would, and with the greatest joy. Some good fatry of the forest had drawn Miss Fitzwilliam out ef her way into his way on a mission of fate, perhaps to one or to both. Who could tell? These woodland fairies, with the slightest encouragement, delight in making mortals happy, and, though you may laugh, young lady, you may rest assured that this isa fairy visitation by daylight. At that moment a heavy shadow passed over the setting sun, and the ominous sound was heard of— ————The c'ondly groan Of distamt thuoder on the Gying wind. “Come, Mr. Marlow,” exclaimed Miss Bettie, rapidly and earnestly, ‘show me the road to town, or I shall be caught not only in the dark, but in that coming storm. I wish I had another horse, so that you might accempany me and es- cape adrenching. But you will stop at some house on the way rather than remain out in the rain, won't you?” “Never mind about me, Miss Fitzwilliam; I shall find » shelter if necessary.” Ascending the hill to the main highway, he next announced to the lady that she had only to follow it ina lively canter, anda short half hour would bring her to the village. “Bat may I ask of the oharming Miss Fitzwilliam the favor of socepting my rustic bouquet?” “With pleasure, sir. It is really beautiful. Ac- cept my thanks Yor it and for the trouble you have taken to oblige me; and believe me, Mr. Marlew, that I hope soon to see you again. Goodby.” “Goodby,” sweet saint. Were I a Hindoo courier I should run at my lady's side. ‘‘ Good- by;"’ and as the white pony and the green riding habit, and the yellow feather of Miss Bettie’s hat, disappeared beyond the crest of the hill, young Marlow exclaimed:—A prize!—a prize! My ticket has drawn a prize~every, every way & priae, Thad hardly dared to hepe for it; but it is the prize of which for months I have been dream- ing, sleeping or awake. Where have I seen those eyes, where have I heard that voice before? No- where, yet everywhere. ‘With pleasure, sir.’ ‘Really beantiful.’ ‘Accept my thanks.’ ‘T hope soon to see you agai.’ She hopes set only to see me again, but that it may be soon.” The fate, at least of Marlow, was sealed from that hour. Calling the next day at the Fitawilliam mans'on, he was quite unprepared for the kindness of his reception by Miss Bettie and the family, but was made sapremely happy by the appearance of his beaquet ia a vane, evidently, from the fresh ap- of the flowers, well supplied with ln ne queen of the fairies—a fairy of the substantial di- mensions of one hundred and sixty pounds. The figyers were sent by @ faithful darky; but the neighbor it, and, from the frequent gisite apy ameelo evenings of Marlow to s certain garden gate, and his eroiaey ic} certafa window, they ‘new that a cer Sooke was arranged, and some maliciously said that “that young lawyer was aa sure of them niggors as if he had them in his pocket:”” The glorious summer passed away, and the gold- '] €2 autumn, and with the approach of winter the old Squire Fitzwilliam being called to Richmond onsome business with the Legislature, and Mar- low on some business with the courts, Miss Bettie Giscovered that ahe bad many little purchases Jo make of various odds and ends for her winter &x- ings, which could not be procured short of Rich- mond or Washington. Of course the Squire could not refuse, and she accompanied him and the law- yer to Richmond. There, at a masked fancy dress ball, in the character of King Lear, Merlow was 80 irresistibly attracted by a fair and unknowa Ophelia, or by the basket of wild flowers upon her erm, thathe danced attendance ‘upon her as upes ® new divinity. The discovery that Ophelia and Miss Bettie had been playing under the same maak only reassured him that she was his destiny, and that he could not escape her, whatever the dis- | guiae she might assume. It wae the most agree- able night of his life, and if he were to live s hun- dred years, and forget everything else or for- swear everything else of the past, he could never forget those wild flowers nor the pure and supreme happiness which Bettie, as the heartbrokes Ophelia, had afforded him asthe miserable King Lear. But the old Squire, whose eyes had been neatly shaded all this time, began to discern on his re- turn home the real situation of affairs; and from the moment his eyes were opened, his house was closed against ‘‘the impudent, fortune hunting, crack-brained adventurer’? and his bouquets. But young Marlow and his fairy were not thus to be baffled. They met in spite of the interdict and the vigilance of papa. His opposition, in fact, dis- pelled'the doubts and the indecision of the young lady as to the time when and the place where the great event should come off. Her genorous nature ‘revolted at what she considered a cruel injustice. It would be the basest treachery, to desert her faithful worshipper ‘now, and she believed it her paramount duty, “for better or for worse,” to ad- here to him and to share his fortunes. A Gretna Green expedition to Washington wae arranged between them, and they were to start from the sulphur spring as their base of opera- tions. The morning was appointed—the bride- groom elect would be on hand not later than the first peep of day, with a swift-footed steed each for himaelf and lady, and with two attending mounted cavaliers, avd the Squire’s’ewn faithful mulatte body servant, Bob. The appointed morning came, the day dawned, the lady, in a flutter of anxiety and expectation, habited and hatted for the journey, looked from her window down the high road and up the road, but looked in vain. The sun rose; still he came not. Then there began to be strange whispers about the house. She divined their meaning. She knew that something terrible had happened, and made no more a secret of her hopes and her. des- pair. A few hours later Marlow, prostrate.ead ta | an insensible condition, wae founda mile or two distant on the wayside. He- had been waylaid and beaten until bis asssitants had supposed him dead. He was taken to his quarters in the village and tenderly cared for. After weeks of sufféring from his wounds and from a violent fever, he slowly recovered; but, alas! poor fellow, when able agaia to travel his mind was so disordered that it was found necessary to send him—may we not say pack him off—to a lunatic asylum. Twelve months passed by, and it was reported that he had ee caped, and next it was believed that he had been drowned; but after the lapse of twenty years, so changed in features, figure, voice and costume as to defy recognition, he returned to Warrenton. Meantime Misa Bettie, after mourning his loss for a reasonable period, had, like a sensible wo- man, accepted the offer of a rich young farmer of the neighborhood, had married him and become the mother of a numerous family, including a daughter, the image of the mamma and bearing her name, At the time of Marlow's re- turn this daughter, also a married woman, and re- joicing in the exuberant happiness of a mother over the first toddling steps of her firstboro, wae’ on a visit to her grandpapa, the old Squire. She was playing with the baby on the grass near the garden gate, when our outlandish hero approached her, and, with an inquiring expression of counte- mance, remarked:— “I have been on along journey; I have had o long sieep and dreadful dreams. I know not half the places where I have beon nor how I have re- turned, and I need not tell you why. Ihave been to my happy hanting ground, however, and I have gathered you still another bouquet. You will ac- cept it, dear Bettie, and in the morning, if I casa procure @ new outfit, I shall expect to find you et home. I shall be entirely well in the morning.” As the unfortunate man was advancing with the bouquet his attention was drawn to the child standing by its mother's side, when his whole frame was convulsed as under seme terrible shock. In a strangely excited manner, but in s very husky voice, he exclaimed:—‘‘Do I understand thia mystery? You could not wait any longer? You are married! Is it not so?" - “To be sure am, old man; but what is thas to you? There is a quarter for you. You are hungry. It will get you some dinner. Don’t waste it in liquor. Now go. Take your buach of weeds along with you, and remember, betore yea come here again, that Ponto is always on guard.” And, 60 saying, the lady, with the chil, turned te- wards the house. From that day, they tell me, the hermit Marlow has been the unhappy creature that you find him now. The Bettie whom he saw was to him hie fairy and his Ophelia of twenty odd years before. In the confusion of his troubled brain those tweaty odd years had been reduced, perbaps, to as many months, Thus overwhelmed with her faithlees- ness, her heartleseness and creelty, this poor maa became oar hermit lunatic, dividing his time be- tween the gathering of flowers for his Queen of the Fairies, in which employment he sings his snatches of old forgetten songs, and in his inco- herent threatenings of impotent revenge against a faithless woman. Aa for the original Bettie Fitzwilliam, the suitor, who became her husband, one Berkley, if 1 am not mistaken, was not only s rich farmer, bute shrewd and remorseless lawyer, and in his acca- mulation of riches he became the possessor of halfa dozen farms or plantations, and of four or five handred negroes, but died at last a raving maniac, under the hallucination that his enemice hadrobbed him of everything, and that he'was perishing from extreme want. His widow still survives; bat, with her sens slenghtered in the rebel army, her plantations laid waste by this de selating war, her negroes, horses and cattle swept Off by ‘the Yankees," and with her daughters let as widows, under even more melancholy cirewn-