The New York Herald Newspaper, August 4, 1863, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. BENNETT, EDITOR AND PKOPRIETOR. OFFICS H.W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. ‘TERMS cash tn advance. Money sent by mail will bo atthe risk of the sender. Nove but bank biils current in Now York take, THE DAILY HERALD, Tunax ceats per copy. THE WEEKLY BERALD, every Saturday, at Five cent per copy. Annual subsoription price:— Postage five cents per copy for three months. Apy larger uumber . addressed to names of subscribers, 3 50cach Anextra copy will be sent to every club of ton. Twenty copies, to one address, one year, $25, and any larger number at same price. An extra copy will be went to clubs of twenty. These rates make the WEEKLY ‘imuxn the cheapest publication in the country. ‘The Fuaorsax Ems, every Wednesday, at Five cents Per copy; $4 per annum to any part of Great Britain, ee @6 to any part of the Continent, both to include Postage ‘The Cauwoama Eperiow, om the $d, 13th and 284 of each month, at Six cents per copy, or @8 per annum. Apvestmmumrs, toa limited number, will be inserted tothe Waxeir Hepat, and ia the European and Califor- ‘Bis Editions. VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing import- ‘ant news, solicited from any quarter of the world; if used, wilt be liberally paid for. gg- Our Forman Cor- RESPONDENTS ABE PARTIOULARLY REQUESTED TO SEAL ALL LET- ‘TERS AND PACKAGES GENT U8. NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence. We 0 not retern rejected communications AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Taz Doge's Morro. WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Le.s—Tax Mouuy. BEW BOWERY THEATRE. Bewery.—Macosra— Atansing Ssonizice—Antrut Dovgrr. BARNUM’S AMEBIOAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—Livia ‘Tawa Caté—Onang Ovranc—AvtoMATON WRITER, £0. at alt boure es tam Rerropata—Torine it Ox.— Afternoon and WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 514 Broadwav.—Ermioriax Fomcs, Wances. a0.—Tanaet Exoussion axp Panomaua ov tax Noeta Rivas, MEW IDEA THEATRE, 685 Broadway.—Vot-av-vest. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 B: — Cumsoartims axp Luctunss, from ¢ A, M. "till 10 [aad oP! HOU: : BRA (a Breoklya.—Ermorias BOOLEY's Fones, Dances, New York, Tuesday, August 4, 1963. ADVERTISEMENTS FOR THE COUNTRY. Advertisements for the Wrexzy Heratp must be band. @d in before tem o’clook every Wednesday evening. its circulation among the enterprising mechanics, farmers, morchaots, manufacturers aud gentlemen throughout the country is increasing very rapidly. advertisements in- sorted ia the Weexiy Henatp will thus be seen by a large portion of the active aad energetic people of the United ‘States. THE SITUATION. According to rebel accounts a heavy bombard- ment from Fort Wagner was commenced at day- break on Friday, and centinued until two o'clock P. M., when it ceased. The Army of the Potomac is not making any forward movement, nor is it likely to do so for a white. Reconnoissances and skirmishes, however, continue daily. On Friday, for instance, the Fourth Pennsylvania regiment encountered a company of ome hundred rebel cavalry near Little Wash- ington, twelve miles from Sperryville, and drove them through the town. It was ascertained that a fall brigade of rebel cavalry are posted between Sperryville and bittle Washington. Our war correspondence from the Potomac will be found very interesting to-day. There is nothing very new to report from the Mississippi valley or Tennessee. By the arrival of the Arabia at Halifax yester- day, with dates from Europe to the 26th, we have information as to the progress of the Ameri- can question. Inthe House of Commons on the 23d Mr. Cobden referred to the proceedings of the Alabama, Florida and Virginia, all built in British ports for the rebels, andto the fact that two iron-clad ships were now fitting out in Liver- pool for the same service, which, if allowed to leave England, would prove .a casus belli with the United States government. He declared that American, shipping had become almost worthiess in consequence of the operations of the rebel cruisers. Lord Palmerston justi- fied the course of the government, saying that he did not see the difference between selling arma to the federals and selling ships to the Confederates. Mr. Cobden attempted to read ® letter from our Secretary of the Navy, Gideon Wolles, but was ruled out of order. The letter, however, was published in the British papers as far back as April last. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. The steamship Arabia, from Liverpool on the 25th and Queenstown on the 26th of July, bring- ing three days later Buropean intelligence, ar- rived at Halifax yesterday. Tn London, at the close of business on the 25th alt., consols, for monoy, were quoted at 92% 0 93%. The Liverpool cotton market was buoyant, aod there had been an advance of about one penny per pound. The gales for the week ending on the 24th were 52,060 bales. The day’s sales onthe 25th were 10,000 Dales. Breadstuffs and produce were advancing ‘and provisions were steady. The steamship Melville, Captain Ellis, from Ha- vane 25th ult., arrived at this port yesterday. The fire at Havana abated on the 25th, after destroying nine stores containing seventy-five thousand boxes sugar, four handed bales cotton and a large quan- tity of other merchandise. The loss is estimated at over $1,600,000, The English brig Kanagona, Captain Romerell, from New York, which arrived at Rio Janciro on the lth of June, reported to the Jornal do Commercio that on the, 11th of that month, at two o'clock in the afternoon, she was boarded by 4 steamer carrying the British tag. On being boarded the captain of the brig was questioned on a variety of sub- ects; among other things, in reference to what American vessels had left, or were to leave Northern ports for Brazil, Captain Romerell could give no information of value. After examining the ship's papers the boarding officer told Capt. Romerell that he belonged to the Confederate steamer Georgia. He then drank scup of wine, and said that his ship's crew were greatly disappointed in not having captured some rich prises since their seizure of the George Gris. ‘wold, while the Alabama and Florida were com. mitting 60 many ravages. He then politely took pis leave. ‘Dig dawnal do Gammercio of the 36th of June oa ee | states that the British war steamer Satellite, re- cently stationed at Rio da Prate, had received orders to proceed immediately to Bahia, to protect Engtish interests at that place, in case there should be any repetition on the part of federal cruisers of outrages like those against the British steamer Castor. A St. Thomas paper states that Capt. Semmes of the rebel privateer Alabama, bas taken charge of the rebel steamer Georgia, sixteen guns, lately arrived from England. The Board of Aldermen did not organize yeater- day, @ quorum not being present. The Board stands adjourned subject to special call. A special meeting of the Board of Councilmen was held at two o'clock yesterday. A communi- cation was received from the Police Commis- sioners, petitioning for the erection of new atation houses in the Eighteenth and Twenty-third pre- cincts, to replace those destroyed during the recent disturbances. Referred to the Committee on Repairs and Supplies. The resolution rescinding the permission given to the Hudson River Railroad Company to run dummy engines within the city limita was adopted over the Mayor's veto. The resolution giving permission to the New York An- thracite Gas Lighting and Heating Company to lay pipes and mains in the streets and other public places throughout the city was also adopted over the Mayor's veto. The resolution to donate the sum of five thousand dollars to the House of the Good Shepherd was unanimously adopted over the Mayor’s veto. On motion of Mr. Gross, the resolution donating a lot of ground, situated on the northeast corner of Fourth avenue and Sevea- ty-seventh street, to the managers of the German Hospital was also adopted, notwithstanding the veto of the Mayor. The Board then adjourned until the second Monday in September. By reference to a report in another column, it will be seen that Ignatz Ratzky hae been sentenced to be hanged on the 23d of September, for the murder of Segismund Fellner, the diamond mer- chant. Ratzky was convicted entirely upon cir- cumstantial evidence, and it is one ot the most singular cases on record. The North river steamboats have raised the price of passage to Albany to one dollar and fifty cents. The fare has been one dollar for over twenty years. The election for State officers in Kentucky yes- terday passed off quietly. It is supposed that the Union majority in the State will reach twenty - thousand. All letters for New Orleans by the way of the Mississippi river must be marked on the envelope “ Via Cairo. Ill.” Otherwise, they will be sent by the steamship route as heretofore. According to the City Inspector's report, there were 722 deaths in the city during the past week, ‘an increase of 38 as compared with the mortality of the week previous, and 265 more than occurred during the corresponding week last year. ‘The re- capitulation table gives 7 deaths of alcoholism, 1 of disease of the bones, joints, &c.; 130 of the brain and nerves, 2 of the generative organs, 13 of the heart and blood vessels, 101 of the lungs, throat, &e.; 4 0f old age, 23 of diseases of the skin and eruptive fevers, 7 premature births, 337 of dis- eases of stomach, bowels and other digestive or- gans; 48 of uncertain seat and general fevers, 16 of diseases of the urinary organs, and 33 from violent causes. The nativity table gives 556 natives of the United States, 118 of Ireland, 27 of Germany, 8 of England, 4 of Scotland, and the balance, of various foreign countries. ‘The stock market wad very strong indeod yestorday, and prices were all higher. The buoyancy contiaued throughout the day, and the market closed with an upward tendency. Go'd fell to 127%, and exchange to 1401; a \;. Movey was 5 a 6 percent on call, The bank statement shows an increase of $3,172,- 261 in loans, and a decrease of $2,163,646 in specie and $2,960,403 in deposits. Cotton was in good demand yesterday, and quotea up to 68c. a G44c. for middlings. Flour, wheat, corn and oats were cheaper, and sparingly sought after. ‘There was less doing in pro- visions, which were tending downward:; as like- wise in sugars, molasses, tobacco and tallow. Rio coffee was in more request. Hay was firm and quite ac- tive. Whiskey was heavy, with iimited sales reported. ‘The freight market was quite dull. Our Foreign Relations—Omward to Charleston. The arrival in Europe of the news of our re- cent successes at Gettysburg, Vicksburg and Port Hudsop has put a new phase upon our foreign relations. Our Paris correspondent as-\ sures us that the loyal Americans there “ feel six inches taller” since the reception of the news; that the secessionists “looked subdued and gloomy,” and that “the news will seriously interfere with the hopes of the secessionists that the French government will at present do anything on their be- half.” From London the reports are even more significant. The news of the vic- tories of our armies at Gettysburg and Vicks- burg sent the rebel bonds down to four and a half per cent discount, and raised United States bonds seven per cent. The later intelli- gence from Port Hudson will give American securities another rise. The stock market is the heart of England, and we need care nothing for the rebel sympathies of the London press and the secession speeches of a few numbekulls like Roebuck so long as the pockets of Eng- lishmen are on our side. It is useless to deny that hitherto our foreign relations have beem anything but satisfactory to all true patriots in this country. Since the outbreak of the rebellion England has been clandestinely supplying the rebels with men, money, arms, clothing, food, inventions and vessels-of-war. In other words, England has actually been at war with the United States for the past two years, and by her hypocritical as- sumption of neutrality has thus far prevented us from retaliating. We have been obliged to | see the rebels assisted by English blockade runners, and our commerce destroyed by Eng- lish privateers, without having had the oppor- tunity to resent and avenge these outrageous insufts. On the other hand, the poliey of Napo leon has been more insidious, but equally hostile. He has directly encouraged the rebels by his intrigues with Slidell and by his acknowledged efforts to induce the Engligh Minis to join him in his intervéniion Scheme. This far, however, his intrigues bave amounted to nothing, and England has steadily refused to become a partner with France in intervention. | Consequently we should have had no cause for @ quarrel with Napoleon, although we might have great cause for dislike and distrust to- wards him, had it not been for his plot to establish an imperial monarchy, under a French protectorate, in Mexico, in open defiance of our Monroe doctrine. It is evident, therefore, that the assistance whieh England bas afforded the rebels, and the intole- rable intrusion of France in Mexico, have given us great and just causes of offence against these Powers, and that a declaration of war upon our part must assuredly end thie brief, eventful history, unless circumstances shall compel England and France te offer us satis. factory explanations and reparations. Providentially, however, circumstances do now seem to conspire to avert such @ war. Qur recent victories bave already produced a pow- —— | strengthened than delayed by the foolish twad- | die of that rebel Cassandra, the London Times, which has been constantly predicting Union defeats only to see ita silly prophecies falsified by the next news from this country. If our late successes be followed by the capture of Charleston the cause of the Union will be the most popular in Europe, and no newspaper or member of Parliament will be rash enough to oppose us. Success is the god of Englishmen and Frenchmen. There is no more striking illustration of this truth than the career of Louis Napoleon himself. Before the coup d'etat Napoleon was a mere ambitious adventurer and rascally usurper. After the coup d'etat Napoleon was a legitimate emperor, fit to be embraced by Queen Victoria and humbly toadied to by the English aristoc- racy. Now what success did for Napoleon it will do for us. If we oap the climax of our triumphs by wresting Charleston from the rebels, the governments of Europe will see our war in its true aspect, and will heartily sup- port our side, and send Jeff. Davis and his fel- low traitors to Coventry. It is for this reason that we urge our administration to strain every nerve to take Charleston. If we-are driven off by the rebel armies, or are forced to again withdraw, the moral effect of all our former triumphs will be more than counterbalanced. If, on the other hand, we are the victors, the fall of Charleston will be worth more to us than a thousand years of astute di- plomacy. We shall then see England suddenly awaking to the fact that she bas a For- eign Enlistment act on her statute books. We shall see the rebel iron-clads now building in England tied to their docks by the law officers of the crown. We shail see the ap- peal in the Alexandra case sustained and the justice of our decision in the Peterhoff case ac- knowledged. We shall see the rebel bonds thrown out of the London stock list, and the London Times throwing cold and dirty water upon the rebel agents. We shall see England checkmating Napoleon’s little game in Mexico, and France appealing to this country to acttle that imbroglio. We now bave the rebellion cooped up in the nest in which it was hatched. Let us destroy it there, and we shalt not only end this war, but also obviate all necessity of a war with Europe. Onward to Charleston is therefore the watchword for the day. Onward to Charleston! The Dratt. Is the conscription to be immediately carried out in this city? This question is now being asked by almoat every person in this metropolis. The radical republican journals are constantly urg- ing the administration to proceed with the drafting without delay, and every day or two fix the time when it will commence. All their statements thus far have, however, proved false. ‘That the authorities at Washington intend soon to order the wheel to commence turning in this city is unquestionably a fixed fact, and prepa- rations are being made to that effect; but the precise time has not been .settled upon. Nu- merous errors and blunders have been found in the enrolment, and .the President bas sent word to the Governor that the draft shall not proceed until those errors are corrected, even if a new enrolment has tobe made to correct the present blunders. To make this correction it will take time, and the draft, when it does commence, will no doubt be fair. The Gover- nor is at the present time engaged in gathering and sending to Washington statistics which prove that the present quota of New York city is all wrong, and is endeavoring to have it rec- tified. As far as this State is concerned, the adminfs- tration, in order to bave the draft evenly and fairly adjusted, can afford to wait until it is carried out in at least all the other Eastern States. No other State in the Union has given so much material support for the prosecution of the war as New York. It was through the prompt action of our capitalists and bankers that the government obtained the funds neces- sary to carry on the war. The State of New York is the only Middle State that bas furnished more than its quota on former calls. Several of the Western States have sent more than their former quotas; bat, aside from three or four States in the West, every other State but New York and Rhode Island is behind in its quotas under former calls. This fact alone should induce the administration to be patient with this State, atleast until every doubt in regard to the unfairness of the enrolment is eleared up. Besides exceeding our own quotas by several thousand, there is plenty of evidence in Washington that several of the-Eastern States obtained many of their recruits from this city. Governor Andrew found that Massachusetts was behindband, and set at work recruiting colored regiments to make up the number required in that State. He not only scoured the Bay State, but his agents were at all important points in this State recruiting. The public must well ‘remember the statements that appeared in the press last winter of the departure and the passage through this city and Albany, en route for Boston, of com- panies and parts of companies of colored vol- unteers for Governor Andrew's negro regi- ments. Thas, while this State has more than responded to former ealls, she has also helped some of the New England States to respond to the calls of the President on them. In looking over the list of names of those hired as substi- tutes by the Boston people drafted, we notice a large number from this city. Thus, in what- ever form the administration fills up its armies. the city and State of New York more than bear their part of the burthen. In view of all these facts, gratitude for what the State has already done should prompt the Authorities to at least withhold the draft until all doubts are removed in regard to the enrol- ment being unfairly made and the quota un- just, which the statisties for this city cléarly and unequivocally show is the case here. Not only have men been enrolled twice, but the number required from each Congressional dis- trict in this city is fully double, and in some cases almost three times, what it is in the coun- try Congressional districts. — Congressional districts were formed on the basis of a representation to a fixed number of population, and intended to be a8 nearly equal as possible; but the marked dis- orepancy in the quota now fixed—of two mento be drafted in the city districts to one in the country—is #0 apparent that the authorities at + Washington should look into the matter. We trust thet in no event will the President depart from his pledge to the Governor and permit the draft to go on until all errors are corrected. The confilence of the people that the draft is fair and correot will do much to aid its enforce- orvul soagtion ia our favote-a reaction rajhes ' sont. The Polish Imbrogtio in Europe. ‘The great Powers of Europe are sadly bother- od by the present aspect of the Polish question. Napoleon, who has a Great object to gain— that ia, extending his frontier to the Rhine— is extremely anxious to commence a war against Russia. He bas an immense standing army, and, from the aature of his hold upon the people of France, must ever be engaged in some endeavor to convince his subjects that, thanks to him, the influence and power of the empire are para- mount. He is at this moment making a grand display, both of naval and land forces, and is endeavoring through the columns of his official and semi-official organs to excite the French People to a warlike pitch. At Cherbourg a grand review of the magnificent and powerful iron-plated vessels of the French navy is to take place with great eclaf. At Chalons and other military camps the troops are being pre- pared by forced marches and sham battles for work of a more serious nature. In fact, all over the empire the din and preparation for war are heard. That France would atrike a blow at Russia, even though she were aided by Prussia, none can doubt. England’s course is not so apparent. She has blustered and bullied uatil a war seemed inevi- table, and now she is beginning to cool down. ‘The ministerial organs are not so fierce, and, to the dismay of the Emperor of the French, it be- comes a matter of doubt whether England will really fight. The fact is, John Bull has no- thing particular to gain ina war with Russia. During the Crimean eampaign England lost treasure and men, but gained nothing. The more numerous and more alert French got all the credit for the victories aud derived the profit in the way of increased prestige and power. Eagland had nothing for her pains. Hence, taught by experience, she is not by any means eager to commence another war against the Czar; and, whereas she has blustered mucb, and, in fact, witl continue to do so, we are inclined to the belief that she will not fight. To deprive Napoleon of the position of only friend of the Poles Palmerston has ex- pressed a deep sympathy with that nation; but he will not fight for them, as Napoleon now fears. Count Walewski is to be sent, we are as- sured. on a special mission to London, his ob- ject being, no doubt, to drum up the drooping courage of Palmerston. His success will more than likely be the reverse of satisfactory. Eng- land is not prepared to battle for an idea, es- pecially when that idea embodies solid advan- tages to none but her hated rival, France. Austria seems to be in a terrible rage about the reply made to her note upon the Polish question. She is not satisfied with the Czar, and blusters and fumes so much as to excite suspi- cion that in bluster will she take out her re- venge. She makes too much noise-and threat- ens too loudly to be in deep earnest. The Poles themselves have no faith in the outapoken sym- pathy of Austria. France and England have no faith in the honesty of her intentions towards them, and shrewdly suspect her of a full deter- mination to back out of the affair the moment the first blow is struck. The fact is, Austria is too poor to desire a war with Russia and Prussia, and she may justly be suspected of a wish to see France and England embroiled with Russia aod Prussia to such an extent that Hun- gary and Venetia will pass out of their minds. The position of Austria in this Polish question isa’ queer one. Should she go to war in favor of the Poles, she must, of course, expect to give up the Polish provinces which acknow- ledge her sway; and this we do not be- lieve she is prepared to do. It is evident that she is playing a double role at present, and that neither of her would-be allies—Fraace and England—has the slightest faith in her out- spoken intentions. To sum up, the Polish question at present stands as follows:—The great Powers—France, Kagland aod Austria—ave not satisfied with the replies made to their notes by Prince Gorts- chakoff, the Russian Minister of Foreign Af- fairs, inasmuch as the Prince was too deep for the above named Powers and outwitted them all in this political transaction. They are one and all endeavoring to frighten Russia into a more conciliatory course; but the Czar seems determined not to be scared, and makes knowo that he will not cease hostilities until he has vanquished the insurgents. ‘rance aloue is serious in her desire to go to war with Russia, because she alone has a direct interest at stake, and not because she cares a jot more for the Poles than either England or Anstria. Until these Powers modify their present attitudes we shall continue to think it unlikely that a grand European war is at stake. The parties con- cerned are fully aware that, once begun, such @ struggle could but terminate by the entire change of the present map of Kurope; and they are also fully aware that the only party who has nothing to lose and all to gain is the one so anxious to see the war begin. Unexpected events may bring about this war; but without their occurrence it is not likely we shall see that grand struggie take place. The uncer- tainty of European politics will save us from any annoyance en the score of mediation or intervention. Nevertheless, we should prepare | for all emergencies. OvvicraL Revorr on tHe Crovs.—-We have before us the report of the Department of Agri- culture at Washington on the condition of the crops for May and June, with prognostications of the future. Of winter wheat the report says the general appearance is but one-tenth below an average. In the great wheat producing States of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania and Wis- consin it is but half a tenth or one-twentieth below an average ; while of spring wheat we are (old that it presents a general better ave- rage. The barley crop is excellent, or is one. tenth more than the average in the amount gown. Oats have suffered from the drought; but the report atthe end of June said “it might still be better than the crop of last year.” “New | York and Pennsylvania are the great oats pro- ducing States, and in the first of these this crop | has not suffered much.” Now it is known that in the month of July, particularly the early part of-it, more rain fell than in the same month for many years. But the crop about which greatest anxiety was felt, corn, “our national crop,” has been crowned by the rains of July. In June it was one-tenth belew the average in appearance. But its condition now is fully equal to an average, if not above it, Potatoes, too, and other creps are abundant. What then becomes of the misrepresentations of the Tribune, which has raised the cry of “bed crops,” in order to play into the hands of the grain speculators’ Tet no one he alarmed about dearth, and let no one be anxious to lay igs eupviy 1. Baud Ge corn meek, OF be cds NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 1863. large purchases in the way of trade Grain of all kinds will be as cheap ss it has been for the last year, and perhaps cheaper, as the demand in England and Fraace for our bread. stuffs, which was so great the past year, will probably be very limited in the preseat The Destiny of the Seath American Me- Publics—The United States Their Sata- with ecarcely an exception, are struggling against all the evils arising out of exhausting civil strife and a succession of bloody revole- tions. It is impossible to look forward to » pe riod, ever so remote, when peace and good government shall return to these fertile but distracted countries. Although the resources of all of them are varied and illimitable, they are but of little benefit to the inbabitants themselves or to the rest of the world. The trade of blood and carnage is in the ascendant everywhere, anti the people find but little time or opportunity to devote to the more ennebling arts of industry and agriculture. The republic of Venezuela, one of the most beautiful and productive regions of ali South America, has for years past been desolated by @ fratricidal war, which all the efforts of some of her noblest sons have been unable to subdue. General Paez, with that lofty and devoted pa- triotiam which has always characterized him, has devoted his declining years to the same noble purpose, but with comparatively no re- sult. There are indeed some faint gleams of the retura of peace to Venezuela; but the past does not encourage us to place much confi- dence in present appearances. The Dictator- ship of General Paez is at an ead, and General Falcon, the former enemy of Paez, is now Pre. sident ad interim. But the embers of discoa- tent are still smouldering throughout the land, and nothing is more probable than the initiation of a new revolution at no distant day. Nor are affairs in New Grauada and Ecuador in a much more prosperous condition. In the former republic, after a prolonged struggle among the States, General Mosquera has auc- ceeded in enforcing his authority by means of sharp fighting, and New Granada is now known asthe United States of Colombia. Mosquera is an energetic man, and doubtiess will strive hard to completely pacify the country and de- velop its valuable resources. But he is also threatened by the ever present machinations of revolution, and his government may chance to be neitaer a very long nor a very peaceful one. Besides, there are indications of trouble with Ecuador and these Colombian States. Mosquera has invited the Ecuadorenos to join the new confederacy—an invitation they have not thought proper to accept, though it was made many months ago. Mosquera was greatly in- censed at this independent spirit of Kouador, and promised that as soon as the war be had ou hand was disposed of he would take up the case of Keuador, and compel that republic, per fas et nefas, to join the new confederacy. in. view of such a contingency, Ecuador has been steadily arm- ing for the defence of her territory, which the government is determined to defend to the last extremity. So that if Mosquera be inclined te carry out his promise we may expect warm work in the borders of these two republics. The other governments, if they can properly be so called, are all in a chaotic condition, or passing through a transition from bad to worse. Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala and the si aller States are gradually fall- ing into ruin, and nothing but the presence of some active and overshadowing power can arouse them from their lethargy. Of all the Spanigh- American republics Peru is the only one that éxhiblts anything like national vitali- ty and progressiveness. Bad laws, bad admin- istrators, party spirit and the constant dread of revolution keep these unfortunate countries in a state of continual anarchy, and impede the glorious destisy which, under other auspices, would be secured to them. In the case of Mexico we have already seen what has been the result of protracted civil strife and disorder. After forty years of slaughter and devastation, during which the soil of the country hax been watered with the blood of her sons, the whole of that vast country, with its mineral wealth of untold millions, has fallen into the bands of the French invader, who, but for the demoralization and exhaustion of the Mexicans, caused by their intestine wars and the gigantic rebellion now occupying the attention of the United States, would never have dared to set his foot upon any part of this continent otherwise than in friendship. In all these things, however, we see clearly where the end must be. The disorganized and revolu- tionary republics of Central and South America are unable to protect themselves against the assaults of such a Power as France, whose evi- dent design is gradually to swallow up all these small republics as soon as Mexico is pro- perly disposed of. But the governments of Europe may as well be at once convinced that the United States will never permit such a programme to be carried into effect. We are the natural protectors of the weaker republics on this continent, and we have the will and the meens, aod we will very soon have the oppor- tunity, of expelling all foreign pretensions to government in America. The uawise action of ‘France will hasten this decision on our part; for not only must the French go out of Mexico, but we will not tolerate them on this continent atall. The great role of the people of America is to be the defenders of all our weaker neigh- boring nationalities; and this we are determined to do, carrying our bonored flag, if necessary, from Greenland to Cape Horn—-from the moun- tains of the north to the confines of the ocean. Fearrut. Ivcemase ov Mortatiry.—By re- ference to the weekly report of deaths issued by the City Inspector for the city and county | of New York, it will be seen that the mortality | is increasing @t an alarming rate, particularly among obildren. The total number of deaths | for the week ending August 3 is seven hundred and twenty-two, being thirty-eight over last ' week. Comparing this mortality with that of | the same week last year, we find that the deaths ' for the week ending August 4, 1862, were four hundred and fifty-seven. The increase is, therefore, two hundred and sixty-five deaths, or sixty-three per cent—an increase unprecedent- ed, except in times of a mortal ephiemic. There fs no epidemic in this city at present, and the mortality is therefore the more remarkable. It and sixty-three, of whom forty-eight were chil- dren of natives and four handred and fifteen children of foreign parents. The largest item in this bill of mortality is one hundred and ‘ cighasine Of qhelesa ianlenem, Ui wunld Beer the Kyuator, the officials in charge of the i i Porreane Memnoe, Augest 3, 1663 The Richmond Whig of August | eas been received here, aed contains the fuliowing — Cusavamon, daly 31, 1088- Cumming’s Poiat was severely bombarded yesterday morpiug, Commenting at about tea o clook. The Iromsdes drow. The batteries Gregg, Simpiigs, Wagner aad Gum. tor responded to the enemy's Gre, Two: tied aad ope wounded at Hattery Gregg. The wes Bot materially iojered. ‘There was no Bring on James istead to day, eed very little Crom Fott Wagner. Beauregard visited the James Island works to-day. tieulog uatil two o'clock, whun \ ceased. THE PRIVATEERS. from Banta—The Maticaa ta Pursalt Thom, do. ye Bosron, August 3, 1963. ‘The bark Leoie! Webster, Cagtaia Beunett, arrived here to-day, bringing advices from Bahia to July 4 ‘The rebel pirate steamers Gourgia aad Alabeme satiod from Bahia May 24. ‘The United States steamer Mohican arrived Juse M4,and aatlod on the 30th ia pursuit of the pirates. The Moticaa bad one man killed aad another wounded by the prema ture expiomoa of a gua while Oriag a salute at Habia ‘The United States ship Onward also sailed about Mey 28 on a cruise. ‘The Daniel Webster brings home a sumber of seamen recently belonging to the «hips Sea Lark, Dorcas, Prince and bark Union Jack, which vessels wore destroyed by the pirates. THE TURE. Saratoga Races. Samatoca Seixas, Aagust 3—10 P.M. ‘Tho Saratoga race meoting this day. The attendaace was both numerous and fashionable, the ledy visitors being preseatzin large numbers, and lending, by their presence, additional attraction to the scone. ‘The first race was @ swoepstake for three year olds mile heats; and of the cight entries two only came te the ost, viz:—Mr. Watson's Captain Moore and Dr. Woldon’s Lizate W., their present acknowledged superiority fright- ening away the others. The betting was very heavy, Captain Moore having the call. He won the Girst heat clevery in 1:20; and offers to bet one humdred to iiteca on him were not accepted. Liarie W. won the second heat in 1.52, after a splendid race. In the third heat Cap- tain Moore still remained the favorite, as it was thought he would outiast the filly. The latter, however, won the heat by a length im 1 -30\{, thus winning the race, to the surprise of the knowing ones. ‘The second race was atwo mile dash for @ purse of three hundred dollars, aod for this ‘eur borses steriea viz-—Thunder, Joba B. Davidson, Sympathy aod Febo. Sympavhy, who was so little thought of-that she ealy sold for three dollars in a three hundred and tweaty doller pool, won, after a splendid race, in 3:02, J. Davidson beat- jog Thunder by a neck. ‘The traek is short—just about one sixth of a mile. The Heated Term. SEVERAL DEATHS BY SUNGTROES. Yoaterday was, beyond all comparison, the hottest day of the soason. Sunday was fearfuliy close and oppres- sive; bat yesterday was still more uncomfortabie ia every way, for there was not the slighest stir in the air, while the sun showered ite rays down «pon our streets with such scorching end melting force as to render exercise ‘The following cases of death by sunstroke were report @4 at the Coroners’ office yesterday — James Kerns, a native of Ireland, aged twenty seven years, residing at the corner of Seventh avenge aad Twenty sixth street. > Deceased wan about 8 Of age. rian Teer ewe area. rettng 0 Bo, i Wooten a