The New York Herald Newspaper, June 12, 1863, Page 6

8 = NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR OFei.u . W. OOANER OF FULTON AND NASSAU S878, . No. 163 AMUSEMENTS THIS BYENING W{BLO%8 GARDEN, Broadvay. Tx Doe's Morro, PAL K's, DHEATRR. Broad JA KRENE'S THEATRE Broadway —Eaweratdiee u ae Dovurn—Coorurs NRW BOWERY THEATRE Bowery. —Dosa's Sioa 8s Dr cries oF Cain —Moai VY THEATRE. xT Da=Faiskr Davin s Rane Bo AN NUSSUM, Broadwa Com, NUIT aD) Miner Stonwe-Narvous May —Gen. VARREN, Atternoom INBTRELS, Nechanios’ Hall, 472 Broad w Soncs, Bortnsaeas, Dances &¢.—How QuRENBACKS! MINSTREL BALL 6id Broadwar —Kraroriam wens, A= Wake Ur Witdam HENRY TAY WEW IDEA. 48 Broadway.—Sonas. Borzesaves, Boceors, &c —Tue Sonerisr. AMERICAN THRATRE, Pascounams, BURLESOUBS. HOPE CHAPBL, 720 Broadway—Pasoniva OT THE Boy Lane—Oomogrer s¥ Tag 46 Broadway.—Barenrs, MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, G18 Broadway. Wovnmus axp Lucrumes; from 9 A.M, t1!10 P. "URIOSITIES, . Me BOOBEY'S OPERA HOUSE, Brooklyn.—Eimrorus Foncs, Daxcus, Buruaia TRIPLE Tho highly interesting sketch of the discoveries made in the interior of Africa, by Captains Speke and Grant, delivered by Sir Roderick Murchison before the Royal Geographical Society, will be published in the Weexty Heraxp on Saturday morning. THE SITUATION. Our iatest advices from Vicksburg are to the Sthinst. They come from General Grant himself to official persons in Washington. Up to that date the siege was progressing satisfactorily. On the &th inst. Goneral Grant and General Banks were in communication, Port Hudson at that time, which is the latest date we have, being closely in- vested. General Grant expresses no fear either of the army in his front or rear, and regards the cap- ture of Vicksburg as certain. The rebels are said to have made an attack on the 6th inst. at Millikin’s Bend and Young's Point, and were re- pulsed. The despatch which was sent to General John- ston by General Pemberton from Vicksburg, asking for reinforcements, was dated on the 28th of May. That despatch, it will be remembered, was intrusted to Green S. Douglas, and by him taken to General Grant. The lefter stated, in effect, that ff Johnston could not send thirty thou- sand men te the relief of the garrison at Vicksburg within ten days the game would be up,. and John- ston had better retreat with what forces he had, As our dates from Vicksburg direct are tothe 8th inst., the ten days had. then nearly expired. The success of General Kimball's expedition up the Yazoo is now confirmed. He went up as far as Gataria with a force of 3,000 men, thirty miles be- low Yazoo City, and arrived there on the 4th inst. He learned that a rebel force under General Wirt Adams, 2,000 strong, was not far off, and he tmme- diately marched to meet him. At ten A.M. on Yhursday, the 4th inst., he came up with the pick- ote of the enemy, when a brisk fight ensued, last- ing thirty minutes. The enemy gave way ands total rout ensued. Our loss was one killed and veventeen wounded. ir loss in killed and wounded was considerable. We captured a hun- @red prisoners. We give to-day a most interesting description of Port Hudson and the state of things there, de- tived from a Confederate prisoner. It will be seen by this account and the very accurate map which accompanies it, that the defences of the place are immensely strong, consisting not only of fortifications and heavy artillery around the town, but of outer works composed of intrenched abatis, stretching out for nearly ten miles in a semi-circle, bristling with cannon of heavy calibre. The water defences consist of ten batteries, numbering between thirty and forty guns, some of them being eleven inches and others thirteen inches bore. One of these batteries is stationed on a bluff eighty feet high. The strength of the garrison is between four and five thousand, but their provisions and ammunition are said to be giving out. The post is commanded by General Franklin Gardner, a graduate of West Point, and formerly an officer in the United States Army, Affairs in the Army of the Potomac remain un- ohanged. The enemy’s cavalry, about 250 strong, crossed the Potomac near Poolesville yester- day morning at daybreak, and drove the patrole of the Sixth Michigan cavalry back to within three miles of that town. The enemy then retreated to Beneca, burned the camp of the Michigan com- pany, returned down the towpath and recrossed the river, We lost four mem killed and one badly wounded. The enemy left on the field one lien- tenant and one private killed. General Lee is in the vicinity of Culpepper with @ large body of infantry, and # heavy force re- mains neat Fredericksburg. Troops from the Blaokwater, North and South Carolina and elae- where have been husried up to the army of North- ora Virginia, and there can be no doubt that Lee eontemplates a grand and desperate effort for the @nnihilation of Hooker’s army. Another privateer, the brig Coquette, has been doing some mischief on the ocean. On the 6th fnst, she came across the bark Whistling Wind, bound for New Orleans with a valuable cargo of eoal from Philadelphia, and bummed her. The crew were put on board a Bremen brig bound to Antwerp, and were subsequently transferred to the bark Almcna, coming to New York, and | arrived in this city yesterday. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. Our European files and correspondence, brought by the Africa, Glasgow and Louisiana, are dated in London and Paris on the 30th of May, and con- tain very interesting details of our telegraphic @ummary of the news from Halifax, published in the Hanaiy on Wednesday morning. The Mason- @idoli negotiations with Napoleon in Paris are | explained, The English journals contain some | NEW YORK Significant articles om the anbdject of mediation, | Phe Altermative fer 1664—Preatdent Lin- the chances of the l'rench in Mexico, and the rela- tive military merits of Generals Burnside, Hooker, MoClellan and “Stonewall” Jaokson. The United States transport Albany, Captain Lewis, from Newbern and Hatteras Inlet June 9, arrived at this port last evening ‘There is not much news of importance by this arrival. The obstacles which have for some timo pre vented the cleaning of the streets of our city have finally been surmounted, and the work is to be re. sumed with vigor immediately, both boarda of the Common Council having concurred in the plan aub- mitted to them by the Mayor, Comptroller, City Tnspector and Corporation Counsel.” The Alder- men, as our readora were yesterday apprised, gave their adhesion on Wednesday night, and last even- ing the Councilmen also approved the measure We may, therefore, congratulate the inhabitants of the metropolia on the prospect of clean thorough: fares, and that the threatened plague haa been averted. A regular meeting of the Board of Couacil- men was held at four o'clook yesterday, the lobby and hall outsid® being crowded with street cleanera, who had assembled to see what action the Board would take towards settling their claims against the city. On motion of Mr. Hayes the regular order of business was suspended for the purpose of taking up the paper from the Board of Aldermen appropriating the sum of thirty-two thousand dollars: to pay the men who have lately been employed by the City In- apector. The resolution was concurred in and’ transmitted to the Mayor, by whom it was signed, and the men will probably rective their: money to- day. Mr. Jones offered # resofutton ia favor of granting permission to ‘'The Anthra- cite Gas Lighting and Heating Company of New York"! to lay pipes and mains through the streets of this city for a period of fifty years. Referred to the Committee on Finance. The same committee presented a report in favor of adopting, the sug- gestion of the Mayor, Comptroller, City Inspector and Corporation Counsel that the Hackley con- tract should be broken and the control of the streets given into the hands of the City Inspector. Mr. Jones mate a long explanatory speech, reite- rating his assertion that the present trouble has arisen in consequence of the Board of Health fail- ing to take action in the matter. The report of the committee was adopted by a vote of twenty- one in the affirmative to one—Mr. Sanford—in the negative. After transacting some routine busi- ness the Board adjourned until Monday evening next at four o'clock. At a meeting held in Cheever's church last even- ing the committee appointed to consult with the President on the subject of raising 10,000 colored troops for General Fremont, reported the result of their interview with the President. An abstract will be found in another column, with the resolu- tions adopted at the meeting. A large democratic meeting was held at the Academy of Music, Brooklyn, last evening, to give an expression of opinion on the recent acts of military power against the press and rights of citizens. Mayor Kalbfleisch presided, and the meeting was addressed by Amasa J. Parker, Judge Page, kc. There was great enthusiasm expressed at the name of General McClellan. We give are- port elsewhere. The anniversary of the Colored Home was held yesterday afternoon, in the chapel attached to the flourishing and neat institution situated on Sixty- fifth street, to the east of the First avenue. The attendance was quite large and respectable, and the proceedings were of an interesting character. The annual report of the condition of affairs at the institution was read, and gave a very favorable ac- count of matters. The rest of the exercises con- sisted of music, addresses, &c. Mr. W. Chester presided. Among the speakers were. Rev. Dr. Tyng and Rev. H. H. Garnett (colored.) The. treasurer’s report represented the annual receipts to be $15,796 69; with an expenditure of $14,550 35. The diamond conspiracy case. was concluded yesterday, before Justice Dowling, and resulted in Beecher, alias Curtis, being locked up for trial, in defavit of $3,000 bail. Howard, the penitent ac- complice, who turned State’s evidence, was held to bail in the sum of $500, to appear as a witness, and.in default was sent to the House of Detention. Beecher manifested the same indifference that he exhibited on the previous day, and showed no signs of fear or nervousness whatever. Four additional complaints were made against Adelaide Moore, the boarding house sneak thief, yesterday, before Justice Quackenbush. The pri- soner was committed for trial on six different charges. The Grand Jury in the United States Circuit Court yesterday, before Judge Shipman, rendered forty-one bills of indictment against various par- ties for frauds on gthe government, principally in the military department; but as many of the ac- cused persons are not in custody their names can- not be made public for the present. Judge Shipman gave a decision yesterday re- ducing the bail of Solomon Kohstomm from $150,000 to $75,000, to answer in civil suits arising out of contracts for the United States. The State of New Jersey is ten thousand men short of her quota under the last two calls of the President. All the linen mills, nine of the eleven cotton mills, and three print works in Fall River, Mass., are standing idle, The cause is said to be an over- stocked market and the decline of cotton goods below the cost of the raw material. The steamboat J. B. Ford hae been fitted up by the government as a floating military prison at Louisville for the detention of secession sympa- thizers and traitors. The upper cabins have been prepared expressly for the reception of lady re- bels, and the lower part of the boat is appropriat- ed for gentlemen whose antecedents lean towards Dixie. The trip overland to California from St. Joseph Missouri, is made in eighteen days, and to Colora. do in sixdays. The fare to Denver is seventy-five dollars; to Placerville, California, it is two hun dred dollars. The ronte is now secure from Indian attacks. Eight hundred exchanged prisoners were sent from Louisville on the 5th inst. to reinforce Gen. Rosecrans’ army. The anniversary of the occupation of Memphia by the Union forces was celebrated in that city on the 6th inst., in grand style. There are nine regiments of infantry, eight re- gimente of cavalry and four of artillery in the United States service from the State of Tennessee. A party of secession sympathizers who were recently sent South from Nashville; after they had ¢erossed the lines were robbed of all their money and valuables by @ squad of Dick McCann's rebel bushwhackers. The Chicago Tribune is attempting to read Pre- sident Lincoln, Senator Lyman Trumbull and Isaac N. Arnold out of the party, It is estimated that for every American vessel destroyed by the rebel pirates five are built, ‘The demand for gotton yenverday was more active, and middling closed: firmly ot 660, @ 6c, The business in flour and grain wag also more, extewaive and prices ad- vanced slightly. In groceries the main transactions were ‘those in sugars and molasses, which were steady. demand for provisions wag generally fair, but hog in tallow. In most other articles @ moderate business , Was transacted. The freight market was more active, ‘The stock market was better yesterday morning, but Jower and heavy again in the afternoon. Gold rose to 142) on rumors of bad news from Vicksburg, but fell of | the Conservative interests of the North—politi- ! equal to his own, he did not regard the English | Burnside against the Chicago Times was'a sea- | nancial and commercial—there appearsto | cavalry in the same light. He said the riders ® | be no security in 1864-65 except through the | could not stop their horses in a charge if it | classed with the late sound, constitutional, | raider | nomination end election of President Lincota | afterward, and was done aslow as 14%. Exchange sold | cal, fi | as high a@ 166 early in the day, but declinediafterward, sympathy with gold Money opened with more ease, but in the afvernoon the inquiry was ag sharp as over. cola or @ Reign of Terror. In view of the revolutionary disoords and divisions existing in the ropublican and demo- cratic camps upon the Presidential question, and of the fearful consequences which, if not seasonably arrested, they may bring upon the country in the political campaign of 1864 for the succession, we have lately argued the expe- diency and necessity of another term of four years to Abraham Lincoln, We return to this important subject now to aay that, from all the political movements and agitations going on around us, and from all the signs of the times, wo cannot shake off the conviction that the republicans, whom we love as Satan loves holy water, have no other alternative for 1864 except President Linooin or a reign of terror. Looking at the paramount busineas of this gigantic and momentons war, involving the life or death of this great nation and its popu- lar institutions, we have earnestly endeavored to put off the discussion of the next Presidency to & more convenient season. But it would be worse than useless to blink the ques- tion any longer. The agitation has com- menced; the politicians are at work; their schemes and cross purposes are full of “mischief, and we recognize the duty of confronting them upon the threshold, and the duty, too, of indicating from the lights before us the way of deliverance and safety. What was the moaning of those late Loyal and Union League Conventions at Utica? A Chase and a Seward movement for the next Presidency. What was at the bottom of this late imposing turnout of the “fierce democracie” of this city in favor of peace? A rebellion against the Albany Regency, anda peace platform upon which, in default of the suppression of Jeff. Davis, all the democratic elements of the loyal States will be thoroughly fused in 1864, Under what crooked influences were General Burn- side’s late foolish military edicts issued against private citizens and noisy newspapers in the loyal States of his department? And how are we to account for the terrible popular com- motions excited by these acts? Why has Gen. Hooker been retained at the head of the Army of the Potomac after his late inexcusable fiasco? And why is McClellan still kept in the shade? These are questions which can only be ex- plained by applying to them the intrigues of reckless politicians and cliques operating for the next Presideney; but here we have a solu- tion which covers the whole ground. Among the politicians the campaign for the next Presidency has actively commenced. We see it, and we see that the various cliques and factions concerned, intent upon the spoils and plunder of the next administration, care very little what becomes of this meantime or ef our armies in the field. Upon this issue of the suc- cession we see that President Lincoln has a Cabinet divided against itself, and that the ma- jority of its members are actively intriguing, not only against each other, but against him, and to prevent the success of his administra- tion. It is manifest that these divisions have already destroyed the integrity of the republi- can party, and that in all probability its frag- ments, ia the. shape of two or three conflicting factions, will enter the Presidential arena next summer. It is equally apparent, on the other hand, that there is a rupture in the democratic camp between the war faction and the peace faction, and that, though the war faction may temporarily be in the ascendancy, the peace fac- tion, from the general drift of the party tides and currents, will carry everything before them in 1864. This was very strongly foreshadowed at the late peace meeting at the Cooper Institute, and we may infer that this is admitted even at Wash- ington from the circumstances attending Fer- nando Wood’s late visit there. It appears that he was very politely received by the President, the Secretary of State and Secretary of the Treasury, and that, even in calling upon the Secretary of War at the War Office, he was not arrested and packed off to Fort McHenry or Fort Lafayette, but was courteously entertain- ed. We may reasonably conclude, therefore, that Fernando Wood at Washington was re- cognized as the representative of a powerful Presidential party coming into the field, and was treated accordingly. At all events, unless this war shall in the interval be brought te an end, we apprehend that the peace democracy will carry the coming Presidential election, and that in the terrible conflict for power and the spoils between the party going out and the party coming in the whole country will be thrown into disorders and tumults, general confusion and a reign of terror. How are these fearful contingencies to be | How can we carry the government | safely through the terrible excitements which | avoided? three or four clashing factions in the Presiden- j tial campaign will be sure to inflame? How | can we most readily escape the horrors of civil war in the North, universal chaos. universal re- ; pudiation and universal ruin and bankruptey, political, commercial and financial: How can ; We best secure the | under the next administration, assuming that under the present the war for the Union will | not be ended? We see no other alternative, rom present appearances, against a reign | of terror than another term of four years to President Lincoln, Let him be brought ont by the republicans as a candidate for the succes- | | sion, and perchance some of the conservative elements of the country, rallying around him, may speedily remove all the disturbing in- fluences of the next Presidency from the loyal | States. Thus the field will be clear for a viger- | ous prosecution of the war and of all our finan- cial, commercial and manufacturing enter- prises being safely guarded against all the evils of a violent and ruinous political revolu- tion. The radical republicans, we are aware, do not like the conservative ideas and inclinations of President Lincoln; but we warn them against the dangers of ® revolutionary scrub race for the succession with this continental war atill upon our bands. We warn them that if they abandon President Lincoln for a radical abolition candidate of the echool of Mr. Chase | the peace democracy will surely beat them, and | that in their proceedings for peace and a recon. phe | atruction of the Union there will be a reign of ducts were heavy and drooping. Whiskey sold mode. | rétaliation and terror against the abolitionists, | some mistake his cavalry reserve was used rately at uniform rates. Reavier operations were reported | of high and low degree, which will not sto short of their expulsion from the country 4 their extermination by hanging or shooting. In “constitution as it is” The Cavairy Duci om the Bi ho Bappehan- neck—The Importance of That Arm of- tne Service. ‘The progress of the war has developed the importance of cavalry, which was almost com- pletely overlooked in the beginning; and though in an unsettled country like this, abounding with foreats, cavalry is not of the same value aa it is In Europe, yet events have demonstrated that it is not to be altogether despised. Light cavalry is indispensable to reconnoitre, to obtain and report intelligence of the enemy's movements. It is the sight and hearing of an army, and without it an army is constantly imperilled, as was Hooker’s at Chan- cellorsville, when he sent away on an expedi- tion nearly all bis cavalry force. But cavalry is needed to fight the enemy’s cavairy as well g hia infantry drawn up to resist. It is needed above all to pursue a conquered enemy. Instead of the enemy being outnumbered in the late battle on the Rappahannock, a3 was supposed, it turns out that he was at least equal to us, if he did not exceed our numbers. The South possesses two great advantages over the North in cavalry. It has more blooded horses and better horses and better horsemen. Every man knows how to ride well. This is half the battle. In fact, horsemanship is everything. Good cavalry realize the fabled centaur—man and horse are one. To counterbalance this ad- vantage our cavalry are better armed and bettér ‘equipped. In addition to sabres. and large revolvers, they have Sharpe’s rifled car- bine, which is light and handy and at the same time sure. It will kill aba distance of half a mile, and, in the hands of a good .marksman, it will hit a man every time at two hundred yards. ‘Me Southern cavalry are indifferently armed— some with double shot guns, some with pistols of various descriptions, only a few with sabres and fewer still with carbines or rifles. Had earlier attention been directed to cavalry organi- zation in our armies the late battle on the Up- per Rappabannock would have been rendered disastrous to the enemy. But the great object seemed to be in thosqglays to see how bad and worthless a horse might be imposed onthe government at a very high price, and we be- lieve there is very little reform as yet in this particular. Perhaps the War Department will soon awake to its folly and imbecility; but it may then be too late. The only great cavalry duel in the wars of Napoleon resembling the battle in Virginia on the 9th inst. was that at Echmul, after his wonder- ful passage of the Danube, the numbers in both cases being about equal. The Austrians num- bered one hundred thousand men of all arms, under the celebrated Archduke Charles; the French ninety thousand, led by the Emperor. The battle commenced at noon and raged till near sunset, when the Austrians showed symp- toms of wavering. Napoleon ordgred forward his twelve thousand cavalry reserve of the Impe- rial Guard, under Murat, who were perfectly fresh, and whom he always held in reserve to finish up a fight. They were met by the-same. number of the heavy cavalry of the Imperial Guard of Austria, The infantry and artillery on both sides, as if by mutual consent, suspend- ed their. operations and looked as spectators with breathless interest at the tremendous col- lision-of twenty-four thousand horsemen, who shook the plain like thunder or an earthquake, The scene was sublime beyond description. The battle continued long after the sun had gone down, and the combatants. smote each other by the light of the moon, till at last two- thirds of the Austrians were put hors de combat and the rest toek to flight, which was the signal for the retreat of their whole army. Besides six thousand killed and wounded, they lost twenty thousand prisoners and nearly their whole artillery. Here the value of superior cavalry was remarkably illustrated. At Wa- gram, after the bloody infantry charge of Mac- donald, who started with sixtceen thousand men to cut the centre of the Austrian line, and reached it with only one thousand one hun- dred, but succeeded in his mission, the caval- ry of the French Imperial Guard were erdered to charge into the opening made and wheel around upon the Austrian right wing. Not only was a great victory won, but the rout of the enemy was complete. At Jena the twelve thou- sand cavalry of the Guard made a terrific charge upon the discomfited and disordered Prussian host and destroyed the whole army. At Marengo it was the famous cavalry charge of the younger Kellermann, when Desaix was leading his division against the advancing | Austrians, that won the day after it bad been } lost. At the second battle of Bull run it was a charge of cavalry on the flank of Pope's | army that turned the scale and produced a dis- aster after the Union troops had been sue- cessful. Napoleon intended to win the field of Water- i loo by his cavalry, But he had not Murat with : him, who was the best cavalry general in the | world. Only three good French generals ap- | peared hefore bim in twenty yeare of war—the | younger Kellermann, Montbrun and La Salle. ; And in addition to this loss he had lost his whole cavalry. with hie grand army, in the Russian campaign, and never recovered the blow. Hence it was that at Lutzen and Bant- ' and Prussians with his infantry, no important enemy can always be rallied when he is not reached rapidly and in the moment of disorder. | There was not time to organize another great cavalry force, and Napoleon had to employ | troops greatly inferior to those which he was ; Wont to hurl as thunderbolt against the foe in the crisis of the battle, or to render a cam- | Daign decisive by the destruction of the enemy's | routed army. Notwithstanding these draw- backe, had it not been for a tremendous fall of | rain, which rendered the ploughed fields of Waterloo, with a sluggish stream dividing ihem psoas dlr and artillery wagons, | great battles, be bas by s few well ‘arranged | to work on the grandest enterprise of peace in movements done all that occasion required to | the midst of the most gigantic war in the his- '@ perfect quagmire, the hero of Austerlits would have been successful. As it was, the charge was broken by the horses becoming fast. ened in the mud and asso many targets for the British artillery. But even with this disadvan- tage Napoleon said if he had only had Murat to lead this arm he would have destroyed the British army before the Prassiane came up, and they in turn-would have become an easy prey, } To crown @ complication ef misfortunes, by an hour too soon, contrary to his intention and | wishes. " Bonaparte called hie cavalry “his right arm,’? ven, in 1813, when he defeated the Russians | results followed thoee victories; for a flying ; K HERALD, FRIDAY, JUNE 12, 1863.—TRIPLE SHEET. a too warm, and wore greatly neglected by the | instructions of the abolition ultras wo may fi men. He considered the Mamelukes the best | assured thatthe day of their power for demo cavalry in the world, and the Poles the bestin | ralization and mischiol is drawing to a close Europe. They were his most brilliant troops At prosent the most efficient light cavalry by far are the Cossacks. In, an- cient Poland and Hungary the entife armies consisted of cavalry, which, owing to the nature of the country, being a vast level plain, were terribly effective. The Poles and Hungarians atill retain their superiority in horsemansbip. In Europe, which is for the moat part an open country, having good and numerous roads, the cavalry arm has a very diferont relative value in armies from what it haa bore, where the country is #0 wooded and broken aud the roads few and bad. Itis rarely that cavalry has had any chance to take a prominent, much leaa a decisive, part ia the battles of this war; otherwise some of the battles lost by our generals would have been decisive of the fate of.the Union. But cavalry have played an important role in the hands of the rebe!s under Stuart, Ashby, Van Dorn, Wheelor and Morgan, making extensive raids and brilliant reconnois- sances, destroying trains, burning bridges, tearing up railroads, even capturing armed steamboats and transports, and, iz fine, cutting Up continually and menacing: our lines of com, munication. In the operationg- of Geierson, Stoneman, Byford and Kilpatrick the enemy in truth -has been made to feel the power of:the Union cavalry, and had 4 sufficient force of this arm been well organized at the beginning of this war there might bave been a very different story to tell to-day. But the mismanagement of the War Department in this is only of a piece with their whole conduot of the war. Ever since there have bees military schools | thoug remarkable squares of flour and water at which generals are professediy made there | pnown as “hard tack,” wet with» ditch water. have been discussions as to,whether generals | They have seen their respective regiments lone could be made anywhere else. Against the fact that there were great generals before there were military academies the believers in the latter do not deign to argue. They invoke the | to he soldiers: they are citizens. of the United name of Vegetins, hold up the diagrams of | gtatec, “liable to the draft;” but, above all; they are missionaries, and they will disseminate meanwhile the academies go on and busy them- | sme new views on the conduct of the war | Jomini and talk of twelve orders of battle, and selves principally in teaching things invented by men who never went to military academies. When the war began this discussion was very lively, and is not dead yet, though as many West Pointers have proved failures as have proved successes, and though the number of | oy various subjects connected with the war: those taken from civil life who bave proved good commanders is by no means small. We speak particularly of our own army; for in the rebel army there is no man now in the field of distinction or recognized ability who is nota West Pointer. Tu the case of General Banks—a mon who had already shown decided ability and onergy in civil life, and who was believed to have the “quick eye, cool head and stout’ heart” which some have thought “would do.more to make.a good general than all the diagrams’—- there was a promise that for once in our has not had exactly the opportunity we could desire. Appointed to the command in Baltf- more when it seethed with faction, he exhibited the best qualities of a military governor; he took the initiative against the plotters—was | Tet the tist begin with the man who has prompt, fearless and firm, ‘and for the time settled the fate of that city. Given a command | west limbs. Find some chosen fellow wi in the field upon the retirement of General Pat- | ha, one foot in the grave in Dixie and was upon the theatre where Stonewall Jack- hyp its hands ps the cause; let oe th son's reputation wae in great part made, and | trenhined out of bis skull, and who knows thd though Banks’ command encountered Jackson | rejicities of asilver jaw. Begin with such a oneq three times and virtually defeated him three | put got up a list of names, keep out the politie times, yet Jackson acquired the fame of a great cians, and let us hear what the practical states terson, he was unlucky in it; for, though it soldier and Banks scarcely acquired any fame at all. Although one of Banks’ divisions deci- sively defeated Jackson in the first battle at Winchester, it was not Banks’ battle. Movements or rae Revinven Souvusts— Taw Praortcan Srarramen ov rie Diy —From New York State alone thirty-eight thonsand men weut to the war fortwo yeara Many of these brave fellows have been “honorably dis- charged” from service by Me bulicis of the enemy, and many more have fallen victims to the diseases of camp; but day by day the rem nantsof this gallant army reach this city om theiz way home. Elsewhere itis the same, and, taken throughout the North, there are now, or there will be in a short time, acattered over the country between thirty and foriy thousand men who have done the State some service, whe have survived disease, dared all the perils of battle, and who have arrived home at last to tell what they have seen. In the cities you find them in every neighborhood and in social cir- clea of every grade. Little knots gather arovud and hear what they have to say at the engine houses and in the barrooma ané at the nooe hour én the workshops. Groups listen to thous with attention in public assemblages, om the ferryboats—everywhere. Out of town, in the country villages, where the newspaper is not’ So much a part of daily life, they: are, oagerly | sought after. They are the present centre of attraction forall who have leisure time in the nu- Merous villages in every part ofthe {rae Staten, fought in Western Virginia and ‘wore at Bult tun. Some of them were at the latter place twice. They were at Big Bethel, at Yorktown, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Mechanicaville, Poncl Orcbard, Malvern Hills, at Wilson’s creek, Por Ridge, Donelson ‘and Shiloh. They are travet- lers, too. They have carried sixty pounds apiece all over the United States, and lived on hundreds of men in battles fought without as object and in retreats from, positions that ought never to have been taken. They have coasod Great and good influence will be exercised by these men, wherever they are. They affect the popular mind a great deal already; but the | country ought not to lose the benefit of a more public and positive expression of their opinions For this readon we bave proposed a grand mass meeting of the returned volunteers. ! When great assemblages are gotten up in thia city the mode of operation is simple—all be gins in a list of names. First comes the name of Astor, which is supposed to represent more money than any other name in the city; thom comes the name supposed to represent the nox largest amount of money, and so it goes dowa until it finishes with the fellow who always bor- rows a quarter to xet his lunch. All have thoie influence, and the meeting takes'place. As this is the established and: orthodox sya own time this. question would bave a fair and | ton we propose ‘that it: should be followed favorable trial. Unfortunately General Banks genorally in the present case. ‘There will not be found many soldiers who have as muclt money as-an Astor ought to have—courage id their commodity—but there ‘will be found plenty of them. disposed to borrow a quarter. in the most battles, or with the one who has men,say about the war. j Mu.rrary Decorations.—We have been struckt by the number of medals and crosses which are Banks’ first chance in the field came on the | to be observed on the breasts of the returned 24th of May, 1862, and readiness of perception, resolution and activity sufficient to justify all that was hoped from bim. he then exhibited the | officers and soldiers of the Army of the Potes mac. These have no doubt. been all gallantly earned: but, as they have no national charac! By different detachments “his force had been, | ter, and are the gifts of individuals or socie~ reduced to four thousand ‘eight hundred | ties, they are open to objection. In*the first infantry, nine hundred cavalry and six- | Place, they are an injustice to the many brave teen cannon. at Front Royal with at least twenty- five thousand men. Front Royal, held by Col. Kenly, was taken at once, and Banks’ only escape with his small force was by way of | means Jackson suddenly appeared | men who, though equally distinguished for their. deeds, bave not been fortunate enough to ate tract the notice of the donors. In the next, they furnish to swindlers and impostors a ready, of passing themselves off.as heroes. ik Winchester. Winchester, Front Royal and the | France the red ribbon of the Legion of Honor, position occupied by Banks form the extremi- | ¥4* at one time made such extensive use of ia ties of an isosceles triangle, and Jackson was ag near to Winchester as Banks was.. But the latter ‘moved immediately. Already some of Jackson's cavalry had been thrown forward and held the road by which Banks had to pass. This force he beat back and got ‘to Winchester safely. There he took up a line of battle, and, while his train went on, fought the enemy and | held him in check five hours. Becoming thus | reassured of Jackson’s numbers he continued | his retreat by way of Martinsburg to the Poto- mac, which he crossed safely, having in forty- eight hours fought five hours and marched fifty- ! three miles, burdened with a most unaccounta- | ble wagon train, all in the face of a very active enemy. | Hé next fought the battle of Cedar Mountain, where he encountered Jackson again. This ' was in Pope's campaign. Banks was merely | ordered to hold a position against the rebel fight of between two and three bours Stonewall Jackson, with all his impetaosity, relinquished the attempt to take it. } General Banks, in command of the national this way that the Chambers were obliged to enact severe penalties against those assuming it without the permission of the Emperor. It is obvious that the practice that has already sprung up among us will, if not checked, lead to very great abuses and prove a source of continual mortification and annoyance to tha army. Seeing that our soldiers take a pride ia such rewards the government is bound to le | galize them, and to take care that for the future there shall be but one fountain of honor for military and naval men. We never could ap- military decorations. If there was ever any force in them it has been entirely done away with by the facts to which we allude. Wher Congress meets it should at once give its atten tion to this subject. Our conscripts will make all the better soldiers if they find that gooe conduct in the field is to be rewarded by some advance, and held it so well that after a severe | CoDSpicuous mark of distinction singling them out from their fellow men. Tae Paciric Ramroap—Gerne To Wors.— We refer our readers interested in Americas iron to the proposals in our advertising | forces in Louisiana, bas demonstrated his ability | columne of General Fremont, President of the | to operate with success on a more extended Union Pacific Railway, Eastern Division, for | theatre tban the Shenandoab valley. Without | four thousand tone of railway fron, or any part ‘ the opportunity to perform brilliant service in | rive the rebel forces from that State, and thereof, for said road. The company are going tory of any nation, because the men, the means | now holds it, with all its immense resources, | and the enterpriee of the loyal States are fully Be bas invested Pert Hudson, and will pro- | equal to the task of successfully prosecuting good reputation for ability, made without a | ral Fremont’s limitation of proposals to Ameri- | | | baby take it, and thus add its prestige to = | the war and the road at the same time. Gene- | | | single great success. | Senator TrumpvLt Comme Rovyy—Hereto- | fore Senator Trumbull, of Illinois, bas been classed, and not without reason, among | most violent and radieal of the republican radi- | cats. But he is coming round. His recent } speech in Chicago in justification of President | # word, to the abolition radicals, as well as to | and, while he esteemed the British infantry | Lincoln's revocation of the edicts of General for another term. sonable and sensible peech. It deserves to be | | ; can iron is in pursuance of the act of Congress on the subject, under which this Pacific Rail. ' road, before its completion. will consume -not Jess than two hundred and fifty thousand tona of raile fora single trackea mine of wealth ta our iron manufacturers. ee eninceicines Tus Tamtxe a Persigrext Fatstrier.—Foe the fiftieth time the New York Tribune asserte that at the time of the fall of Fort Sumter wa had a secession flag in this office, ready to be unfurled, when a mob (led by the attaches of were necessary to halt and retreat. The animala, | out-and-out conservative speech of Gerrit Smith ; the Tribune) intimidated ns and prevented it, wereover, wera fed to luxusiguslg and kept ' gt Utica. When euch men abanden the bloody We agai apd again prongunggd this te bee. | preciate the value of the arguments used against © d k