The New York Herald Newspaper, April 21, 1863, Page 2

2 ME COMING STRUGGLE. Tennessee and Its Lines of Operation. Where the Rebels Have Taken Up Their Position, and What They Intend to Do. The Duck River the Rebel Strategic Line. How the Rebel Army in This Vicinity is Composed. Johnston, Polk, Van Dorn, Bragg, Buckner and Breckinridge in Command. Sketches of the Principal Places Now Held by the Rebels. Isham G. Harris’ Letter and What It Sets Forth. Kentucky to Be Set Free, and the Ohio River to Form the Northern Boun- dary of the Rebel Dominions. “DONT THEY WISH THEY MAY GET If,” de, ae, ae. The recent movements and threats of the rebel army have been to drive our forces out of Tennessee and to take possession of Kentucky. The rebel Governor of the former State, Isham G. Harris, while at Tullahoma, issued a letter intended to operate with the rebel sympathizers fm Tennessee, aad written in favor of a secesh election of Governor, State officers, &c., on the regular day, the first Thursday in August; for, he says, “long before August the rivers (the Tennessee and the Cumberland) will have fallen to low water mark, giving an open field in which to ‘meet the enemy,” and he further says he is confident ‘«that before election day we will have crushed or driven from our State the miserable mercenaries and Vandals ‘who have 80 long plundered and oppressed a brave, true and patriotic people, leaving every portion of the State free and untrammelied.”” It wih thus be plainly manifest that tne rebels have some plan by which they hope to accomplish this end, ‘and, by driving away every Unionist from the soil of the ‘States of Kentucky and Tennessee, make their Northern voundary, as they have long wished to havo it, the Ohio river, As they also have some plan afloat for the re- covery of the lost ground in Mississippi, Louisiana and along the Gulf coast, there may be something more tang!- ‘bie in Isham. G. Harris’ statement than a mere empty ‘doast. With the Mississippi on the west, the Ohio on the north, the Gulf on the south and the Atlantic on the east, it ts doubtless believed by Jeff. Davis & Co. that a com- pact confederacy may be formed, not likely to be severed ‘by any icvading force, as it will have for a backbone the ‘Tmountainous region of the Cumberland, Alleghanies, &c. To accomplish this object the Unten army in Tennessee is to be destroyed; and, as that body is determined not to ‘be annihilated, there is very little doubt but that the coming campaign will bo a most obstinate‘one, and the principal battles wi!l take place upon the ground illus- trated by our map. We therefore endeavor to set forth clearly the positions, operations and strategic line to be adopted by tho rebels in the coming contest in the West; for come it certainly must, and come quickly. THE REBEL LINE OF THE DUCK RIVER. The rebel line of operations in Tennessee may be defi- nitely located along the Duck river, although its principal ‘base of operations is further south. Between the base and line of operations are several depots, exch almost large enough to be considered a base in itself ; but, while the principal standpoint remains at Chattanooga, all other points are mere depots, be they large or small. T) illus- trate this particular rebel movement we present our readers with a clear and comprehensive map, which will comprise to a great extent the coming field or fields of action in Tennessee. OUR MAP, it will be seen, has, near {ts southeastern corner, the rebel base—viz: Chattanooga. From this point it proceeds westerly to the line of the Nashville and Decatur Rail- road; thence northerly to the Cumberland river, and, taking in Nashville, proceeds casterly to a point nearly due north of Chattanooga, and thence to the place of starting. It embraces within itself the line of operations along the Duck river, the depots of Tullahoma, Sholby- ville and Columbia, and many other points of interest that can be seen at a glance. THE DUCK RIVER is the first point of interest. This river passes through Middle Tonnesseo, and flows tna west-northwesterly di rection. It rises in Coffee county, near the baso of that Fart of the Cumberland range of. mountains which passes from north to south through Tennessee, thence runs through Bedford, Marshall, Maury, Hickman and Hom. Phreys counties, and falls mto the Tennessee river from its right or eastern bank, on the border of the iast named county. Its whole length is estimated at about two hun- dred and fifty miles. ‘Tho navigation of this stream when in its natural state was far from good. Therefore a compa- ny some years since had been formed to improve it by the construction of dams and locks. The war has, of Course, put a stop to such improvements by any private Corporation, and the means that may be adopted by mili- tary operations for that purpose will take into considera- tion more the plan of defenco and the facility of military Movements than the peaceful pursuits of commerce, The soil of the country through which the river flows is fertile and generally rich; but tho surface varies between the hilly aod the undulating, which will make it strategi- cally valuable to the rebels, SKETCH OF CHATTANOOGA. Chattanooga, the rebel baso, is a city of about five thousand inbabitants,? in Hamiltof county, Tennessee, Just beyond the dividing line between that State and Georgia. It is situated on tho left bank of the Tennessee river, and is the northern terminus of the Western and Atlantic Railway, the southern terminus of which is Aulanta, Georgia, It is alsotho castern terminus of the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, and forms the an- gular connection with the line of railroad from Charles- ton, 8. C,,to Memphis, Tenn. It is one hundred and fitty- one miles from Nashville, four hundred and thirty-two from Savannah,.and four hundred and forty-seven from Charleston. The city is situated on a high bia Overlooking tho rushing waters of the Tonneaseo fiver, which at this point widens out to a greater extent than at many others in the vicinity. Be. fore the breaking out of the present wicked rebel- fon Chattanooga enjoyed © most flourishing trade, being the ontfepot for the immonse number of mules, horses and cattle raised in Kentucky and Tennessee, and | which were being constantly shipped to the cotton States, dis trade wag also greatly increased by the (mmonso quan tities of bacon, which were put up for the planters {n tho cotton States, bought and sold here on commission, and for which the city waa made the depot. Groat numbers of ‘Tennessee farmers making a speciality of raising hogs tor the Southern market, those in West Tennessee shipped their stock by way of Memphis down the Missis Bip while Chattanooga monopolized the ship. ments of nearly all in the eastern portion of the Biate. Moing the terminus of two important roads, And the must prominant point on another (the Charleston and Memphis), it became the most available Place where the rolling stock of all could be repaired and new stock Manufactured. Hence were established here numerous machine shops, foundries, &o., which, up to the outbreak of the reb ‘lion, were doing a thrivieg business and con- ‘bating ia @ great measure to the advancement and win dia this is mot | prosperity of the place. Now, however, being out off from the trade necessarily arising from the running of the roads from Memphis and Nashville, and relying en- tirely on that of the Western and Atlantic road, this itemof its former prosperity may be considered as having been reduced to @ very small extent. Tho Fast Tennessee road running to Knoxville can afford it but little advantage, as that has its southern terminus proper at Cleveland , Tenn., where a junction is made by a more directjsouthern route, via Dalton, Georgia, with the cotton and Southern seaboard States. The strategical importance of Chattanooga can- not be overrated. Its possession by our forces would, by keeping open the most important channel of communica- tion with Middle Tennessee, ineluding Nashville, enable the government to mass troops at the most available point for offensive operations, both in Eastern Tennessee and Northern Georgia, The line of the Cumberland river betng in eur possession, by occupying Chattanooga we bring Knoxville between two divisions ot our forces, which, being marched respectively northward and southward, menace Knoxville, with the rebel general commanding at this point and his forces, both in front and rear. Chattanooga contained previous to the rebel- Von four or five churches, ® bank, five hotels, two print- tng offices, each issuing a weekly nowspaper, and num- bers of fine residences. The country around Chattanooga is (or was) annually frequented as asummer resort by the residents of Southern Georgia and Alabama. It has been asserted by refugees that no fortifications have been constructed at this point at all, the rebels de- pending mainly upon the natural impediments to a federal advanee. Time, however, will solve this, as well as many other rebel problems. WHERE BRAGG FELL BACK TO FROM MURFRERSBORO, After the battle of and subsequent skirmishes near Murfreesboro, it was supposed that Bragg’s army would have fallen back to Tullahoms, instead of which tho main portion took up @ position at Shelbyville. It is true that Bragg took up his headquarters at the former place, but still his main army rested at the latter point during the principal part of the winter. Of course Gene- ral Bragg asserts, as he did at Murfreesboro, that neither point shall ‘ be given up to the Yankees;” but when the armies move the truth will be better known. SOMETHING ABOUT SHELBYVILLE. The vicinity of this village, or, as the rebels denom!- nate it, city, is considered the garden spot of Tennessee. The town itself is pretty, and has a population of about two thousand persons. It was, before the war, connected with Nashville by both rail and turnpike roads, and was supposed to be a rising place. General Bragg bas threatened to destroy it if he is com- pelled to evacuate the position, as he feels that, from former evidences of the feelings of the people around him, they would as gladly see the faces of the Yankees and give them a welcome as thoy would the backs of his rebel troops. THE BLK RIDGE is a range of hills in this vicinity which Bragg’s army have turned into good use as a defence of the head. quarters at Tullahoma. All the topographical advan- tages of this position lie directly north of that place, and are of course between it and Rosecrans’ army. Nor- mandy and Rowesville le each at the foot of the ridge, while the rebel headquarters are located on the table land known as “the Barrens.” A few miles south of Normandy the railroad track commences an upward gtade, and the rebels have taken good care to so fortify the upper part of the grade as to cover the whole track with their guns. As the track runs directly into Tulla- homa, these works act as an extra defence of that place. SKETCH OF TULLAHOMA. ‘Tullaboma isa post village, situated in Coffee county, ‘Tennessee, near the point where it borderson the coun- ties of Bedford and Franklin, It is not of any very mate- rial importance in itself; but, being the junction of the Manchester and MoMinnville Railroad with the Nashville ‘and Chattanooga Railroad, which it intersects, it becomes Of strategic interest to the rebels as a depot for troops and supplies. It is located on Rock creek, and is distant from Nashville about seventy miles in a southeasterly direction, It is cighty miles by rail from Chattanooga and thirty-nine from Murfreesboro. It was laid out in 1861, and was then supposed: to be in promising position for ultimate improvement. The county in which it is actually situated hes an arca of about two hundred anda twenty square miles, or over one bundred and forty thou- sand acres. THE RIVER DEFENCES AT SHELBYVILLE. ‘The Duck river, as it approaches this post, has been of their fortifying the seve- ral prominent points north of the town, as woll as the ridge lying between Duck river and Big Flat creek. As here are the only available fords in this vicinity, there is but little doubt that the rebels will certainly show some amount of obstinacy in their resistance before they will give up @ point so valuable to them. THE LEFT WING OF BRAGG’S ARMY. But it must not be considered for a moment that Shel- byville and Chattanooga are the extremes of the line of operations of this army in the Tennessee region. The re- cent operations of Van Dorn to the west of the Nash- ville and Decatur line have demonstrated the fact that the left wing extends even beyond Columbia. From this vicinity large parties start northward to break our lines, try to turn our right flank, and, if possible, make a dash into Nashville. These movements were merely raids, per- haps in some little force, intended to cause a diversion, or more probably for the purpose of reconnoitering the provided against, and, with the exception of capturing a few outposts, have done no very material damage to the Union cause in this vicinity. 18 TULLAHOMA FORTIPIED?—BRAGG’S RECRUITS. This is one of the vexed questions that hos not yet been solved. It is certainly known that General Bragg has a largo portion of his own army, lately heavily rein- forced, in this vicinity, still leaving a heavy force (Polk's corps) at Shelbyville. It has beon stated that this army is, or was, entirely unprotected by intrenchments, de- pending upon the advance posts for sufficient timely warn- ing to enable them if necessary to throw up temporary works should the enemy be successful in forcing those positions. It is also asserted that Bragg would rather that Rosecrans should fight him in force at Chattanooga, far away from his base, than at either Tullahoma or Shelbyville. Therefore he bas not fortified the positions to any extent, with the purpose of tempting Rosecrans to advance. ll the males from four- teen to sixty residing within reach of Bragg’s troops have been conscripted into the rebel ranks, made to learn their duty by being placed between veterans, and have actu- ally to become veterans even before they have been raw recruits, None aro allowed to escape, whether their sym. Ppathies are with or against the rebel cause. And thus this army has been recruited and reinforced. ARE ALL THE TENNESSEEANS REBELS? ‘The follow! sien “tg ht certainly give the negative ac 5 layed No. 2, ToxLanoma, Tenn., Fob. 11, 1863. commanding this department learns with there are in Tennessce a number of evil dis- Persons who, instead of contributing to the freeing” from abolition invasion, are inciting those disgraceful crime of desertion and harbor- All persona within the limit of this depart. ment are notified that the offence is death, and that the strictest efforts will be ma to detect thoes who incite soldiers to desert, or who may harbor who have deserted, and summary punishment M every instance.” J.P. ONES, AL. oma" DEMORALIZING FEATURES OF BRAGG’S ARMY OR- GANIZATION, The remark bas often been made by residents of Mur- freeaboro that they cannot perceive how Bragg holds bis army together as ho does, divided and almost do- moralized ag itis by the petty jealousies of officers and the {11 will and hatred of the soldiers of one State for those of another. Inquiry bas been made into this matter, and the following fow interesting facts may not only serve to adorn history, but to point a moral for the observation and appreciation of our own government. WHY JEFP. DAVIS VISITED MURFREESBORO LAST WINTER. The visit of Jem. Davis to Murfressboro in Decems ber, 1862, was solely for the purpose of recenciling Bragg | and Breckinridge and restoring order among the metinous Kentucky troops. The cause of this mutiny and quarrel | Wes the enforcement of the penalty in the caso of a Kon- tucky deserter, The law had not been enforced rigidly by | i » and on getting @ court martial to condem a Ken- tucky soldier named Asa Lewis, of Captain Page's com. Pony, Sixth Kentucky, he approved the eentence of death, coupling tt witha verbal remark that “he'd be damned if ho didn't make an example of the accnrred Kentuckians.’ | Lowls had distinguished himself at Shiloh, and was high! Popolar with bis comrades, who refused to allow bim to be exocuted. Breckinridge also swore that the man should not be executed, and the whole army was soon in & mutinous state, the Tennersecans swearing vengoance if a doserter from the Twenty fourth ‘Tennessee was executed, and the Alabama troops claim ing exemption for one of their number. Bragg in despair, | unable to quell the storm he had riised,, called on Presi, | dent Davia, who visited the scene, and, Proapero like, | quolied the storm at the requost of Bragir, who ts, how. ever, 00 Miranda. By what means known. Lowis and the Alsbamian were executed on the day after Christmas, Breckinridge and Hanson being Present, and both cxhibiting great feeling over the mat- ter. The Tennessce soldier was pardoned. BRAGG TRIED TO DESTROY THE KENTUCKY TROOPS. This was but an jilustartion of, the very bitter dislike of Bragg to the Keatucky troops, a feeling said to be re- cipreeated. It is eaid thatthe insubordination of the Kentuckians was exbibited in private and public to an alarming extent, and Bragg often wished them out of his army. These gentlemen say that Bragg intended to sac- rifice the Kentucky divisiom- (Breckinridge's) whon be ordered them to charge the left wing of our army at Murfreesboro, The division, however, charged 80 successfully that, had Negley hesitated ten minutes more to make the charge which he did on Breck- iuridge, the Army of the Cumberland would not mow have been ip Murfreesboro. Tne rebels were gathering themselves up again to make the gecond charge when Negley assumed the offensive, thus restoring the morale of his own division, and by gaining a victory restored the lost confidence of the whole army. ‘THR TENNESSEEANS HAVE NO CONFIDENCE IN BRAGG. ‘There ws @ bitter hatred of Bragg existing in the hearts of the Tennessee troops, and it is said that this hatred is bitter beyond expression. They consider him a fool. ‘With the Teanessecans his repeated failures to relieve their ‘State, as be has boastingly promised, has rendered bim very unpopular, and he is universally hated by them. ONE OF BRAGG’S MILITARY BLUNDERS. divisioning his troops. He has in several instances given the divisions and its brigades to officers from the seme State, and formed brigades of regiments from a single State, Thus Cheatham, of Tennessee, has a division with three Tennessee brigadiers in it. Breckinridge has a divi- sion called, the ‘Ky. Division,” with two brigadiers from the same State. Adams bas o brigade of Louisianians. Palmer and Bushrod Johngon have brigades composed solely of Tennesseeans, Mat Eotor, of Texas, has a bri gade of Texas men. Chalmers has a Mississippi brigade, Withers commands an Alabama division. Instead of creating @ spirit of emulation, as one at first glance would imagine, this faulty organization produces only aspirit of envy and ill will. The hatred existing between the Mississipplans and Tennessceans they never attempted to disguise, but every day fresh incidents re- vealed it, On the battle fleid of Stones river Cheatham, it it is said, oraered a Mississippi brigade forward by pointing to a brigade of Tennessoeans far in the front, and saying:— “You have insinuated that we won’t fight. Look to it that you don’t yourselves deserve the stigma,’’ GEN. JOHNSTON'S ACTIVITY AMONG THE REBELS. General Joseph E. Johnston has shown considerable ac- tivity since he took charge of the dopartment of which he now holds command. During the latter part of March he was busily engaged. reviewing the troops of Gen. Bragg’s department and imparting to them the hope of a speedy victory over the enemy. On the occasion of the review at Tullahoma the rebel Lieutenant Generals Polk and Hardeo and Major General Breckinridge were present. THE REBEL MILITARY OFFICERS OF THE WEST. ‘The following are the principal officers of the Rebels in the vicinity of the Mississippi:— Commander-in-Chief...... Gen. JOSEPH E. JOHNSTON, Starr, Assistant Adjutant General. .Col. B. 8, Ewell. Assistant Adjutant General, .Licut. Col. T. B. Lamar, Assistant Adjutant General. .Maj. A. P. Mason. Assistant tant General. .Maj. A. D. Banks. Assistant Adjutant General. ig —— Brown. Chief Quartermaster. aide camp Lieut. Wade Hampton. Commander "of Depart- ‘Goterel Tan rom BRAGG. ment nde ot Depart ‘ mi ment of Mississippi and >. . Licat. Gen. J.C. Pmasznron. East Louisiana........ t AdjatantGeneral) and Chief of Staff of De- >..Lieut. Col. J. R. Waddy. partment. yee ee jeneral and Chief of Stall of >..Major R. W. Memminger. Army of Mississippi... Adjutant, and Inspector } | seajor J. Thompson, Ald-de-Oam Chier of Ordnande. of Subsistence. Chief Engineer..... GENERAL AND STAFF OFFICERS LOCATED IN JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI. Chicf Quartermaster. -Maj. L. Mims. Chief Quartermaster. la j. George Whitfield. Com. of Ist Military District.Brig. Gen. John Adams, Commander of Post. Lieut. Col. A. M. Foute, Provost Marshal.. M. Young. Post Quartermaster . Gi Post Commissary. jacob Thompson. Drs. J.G. Thomas, Wm. D. Somers and J. P. Furn! +»Dr. Richard Potts, Col. J. G. Seynanski. Capt. W. W. Porter. onibeland East tafaieon. M.S. Crowell. Inance Department for the Army, Ol: Philip Stockton, DIVIS! UNDER PEMBERTON. Acting Major General. Brigadier Gen. J. 8. Bowsy. Acting Adjutant General . Captain R. R, Hutehingon, ‘Acting Inspector General... Captain W. A. Percy, Quartermaster. lajor R. H, Hooper. Medical Purveyor. Assistant Adjutant and In- spector General Enrolling Officer for Con- r of Missis- Paymaster injor W. F, Haines. Commissary. Major J. M. Quinlin, Aid-de-Camp. First Lieut, Prank Carter, Chief Surgeon Ordance Officer , Major General. . E. Me. Coffay, Lieutenant 8. 8. Carlisle, Aid-de-Camp.. Aid-de-Camp. Assist. Inspec Assist. Inspector Gener: Ordnance Officer... Quartermaster . Chiet Surgeon... Chief Commissary Paymastor.. jajor Acting Assistant General. Acting Assistant General. Acting I ‘tor General. Granta ferariment . Chief of Artil oo Acting Quartermaster. * Reported as having been since removed to Little Rock, Ark, 10 ald General Biadman. . THE REBEL TROOPS AT TULL ABOMA. Tullahoma being the headquarters of the Department No. 2 of the Southwestern portion of the rebel army, Commander of Department. . Gen. Commander of Corps........ tog BRAGG. Lieut. Gen. Snow Bouvan | 17th regiment Ton. Vols.....Col A. R. Marke. ‘28d regiment Tenn. Vols...,,. ‘26th regiment Tenn. Vo! 87th regiment Tenn. V 44th regiment Tenn. Vols, Battery The division is also compored of four brigades in all. Cava try Division Roving About. | Second brigade. ; “BH. Gon: 4. Bator Third brigndo(for'y Whouiss) rig. Gon. Ah Gen. ie Fourth ‘br : jon Wharton. Fifth brigade. - «Brig. Gen. Pegram, THE REBEL TROOPS AT SHELBYVILLE. As we havo before stated, the rebel force at Shelbyville is composed of General Polk's corps; but it bas been stated that he Is not now in command at that point. Al. lowing, however, that he wi! take hie former Position when active movements comme ce, brief sketch of the composition of hie Corps Commander... ond Ls. Gen. LEONIDAS POLE. ‘Mr jee General | boys and entered the town. For some wexplained rea- the following ts a Sais vere uae“ while unbu: aword, and di him to turn over the little persoual effects be had about him. Meanwhile our infantry pickets and patrols were their way through the back of the the pontoon bridge and the ford a Delow It, bands of rebou ean’ Second Third brigade. *It has been confidentially stated tbat Donelson will assume command of the of East Tennessee, with head«uarters ‘at Chattanooga, This makes something under a dozen times thet that commanders within the six t”” has changed months. REBBL TROOPS AT COLUMBIA AND VICINITY. The troops at Columbia consist of at least 25,000 men, under the charge of Van Dorn, and are as follows:— General Commanding. Act.Lt.Gep. Kant Vay Dory, First brigade. Brig. Gen. Whitfield. Second brigade. Brig. Gen. Crosby. ‘Third brigade. Brig. Gen, Armstrong. There are other brigades in this force not yet desig- nated. From the foregoing lista it will be perceived that General Bragg has a very large force of rebels at his back, and the directions of a well known soldier of talent, General J, E. Johnston, for his guide. With the force at Vicksburg, Jackson, &o,, and even Richmond, ready to reinforce him by rail immediately that itis Known that he is about to fight, it may be that the. rebel Governor Harris considers he has very good ground upon ‘which to base his hopes that the rebel forces may sweep Rosecrans and his whole army from off the soil of Ten- nesses. It therefore behooves General Halleck to main- tain his bold assertion made on the Tth of February, 1862, when Fort Henry was taken, that,as ‘tho flag of the Union was re-established on the soil of Tennessee, ‘i shall mever be removed.” Letter from Governor Harris, of Ten- nessee. ‘The following is the letter of the rebol Goyernor Isham G. Harris, referred to in the commencement of the above article :— TO THE EDITOR OF THE WINCHESTER (TENN.) BUL- LETIN, TuLLanoma, Tenn., April 3, 1863, My attention hag been called to the following paragraph in your issue of the 2ist ultimo :— It has been settled that there will be no election for Gov- ernor in Tennessee, in August next, if the federal army con- tinue to hold the Middia and West sections of that State, By virtue of the constitution Governor Harris holds his office until his successor is elected. A similar paragraph appeared in the Memphis appeal of the 27th ult. Allow me to suggest that it is settled by the constitu- tion of Tennesseo that there shall be an election for Governor, Senators and Representatives, on the first Thursday in August, and there is no power in or out of tho State which can change or annul this constitutional wirement, hve election should by all means, and certainly will be held at the time fixed by the constitution. We should therefore, at the proper time, take all necessary pre- steps. Pacing all the differences of opinion upon minor questions of the past, we should select a good and true man for each position, in whose support all true patriots can cordially upite. If we will present one and but one such candidate in each elective district throughout the State, federal bayonets cannot prevent the election of sound Southern rights men to the positions of Governor, respresentatives in and the General Assembly. The of that ees of Tennessee within the enemy’s lines present proudest spectacle of heroic firmness in their patriotic dovotion to our cause. We may confident upon their cordial co-operation so far as the; pot ge Ea to vote or take part in the election. Fe eg he Eee us an in enemy. TAT and Mhsssl veoy ussie a expommiog the confident belief, that, before election day, we will have crushed or driven from our State the mi meice- maries and vandals who have so long plundered and op- pressed a brave, true and ie le, leaving every portion of the Beate free an. Miatragumated'a the exercise of the elective francise. Very a The Rebels “Will Whi il Fa i ¥ re opteadm rm oe Dorn. ‘i in, Bu © he succeeds overpower! numbers to pant bie line of ‘communication, and sdeanoes into North Alabama, he leaves the army of Middle Tennessee meanwhile far behind him, to take Nashville, to go into Kentucky, or to do any other thing which its may ‘The result of these conclusions is that Rosecrans must sigs, | Advance on our front somewhere, and when he docs we will whip him. Roscerans the “Backbone” of the Ana- [From edhe Webel, Ape a) rans army in Middle Tennessee constitutcs the backbone of the subjugating anaconda of the North. If army were driven back upon the Ohio, peace would foliow in thirty days. With a rein- forcemen' of — men could crush, scatter and drive ‘k that army. The defeat of Rose- crans would tend more to dtscomsit the enemy than any other event of the war. With twenty thousand more men he could be signaily defeated. The war may as well be set- tied now as at any other time, for it must end some day. —_— The Fight at Franklin. OUR FRANKLIN CORRESPONDENCE. Heapquarters, GRANGER’s COLUMN, my Hraeae bia il 10, 1868, How Van Dorn Was Keceived by Granger's Rorées—Ntan- ley’s Brilliant Operations—Forrest's Movements Near Nashville—The Rebel Atiack—Its Apparent ObjectmIhe Suddenneta of the Rebel Movement—The Rebel Line—The Charge of the Rebels—The Resistance Offered—The Dash Into the Town—The Fight in the Streets—The Rebels Repulsed—Gen, Stanley's Affair, fe. Our rest was disturbed this afternoon by a bold, bril- Mant and forcible dash of Van Dorn’s rebels upon this Place. Tho attack was made about ono o'clock by Cos- by’s and Whitfeld’s brigades, under Van Dorn in person. It was undoubtedly a sort of “feeier” to ascertain the Strength and location of our fortifications, not an attack made with aview to taking and holding Franklin. We give the rebels credit for more common sense than that would imply. They moved upon us from Spring Hill, coming down the Columbia pike till they met and drove ‘back our cavalry videttes, two miles from town, where part of the command deployed to the Lewisburg pike and entered the place from tbat direction. The three approaches to the town from the South—the Lewisburg, Columbia and Carter's crock pikes—were held by the Fortieth Ohio regiment, Colonel Javob E. Taylor, who were doing outpost duty for the the | day, besides performing provost guard duty and generally - Fesidence in the place The | locking after the interest of the United States in the village of Franklin. The Big Harpeth river separated the Fortieth from the oid Army of Kentucky, which nomi. nally occupies Franklin. The attack was so sudden and vigorous that this regiment was forced to do all the fighting, and they acquitted themselves very creditably, It seems that Van Dorn was laboring under the hallacina- tion that General Granger's infantry had been withdra from Franklin, and moved towards Triune, a day cr tee since; that the was bold by an force of cavalry, who might, be easily and successfully gobbled. The experiment was something of a failure, And, after Aghting briskly two or three hours, the enemy » with sat proof ae had serviceable ‘The rebel line was formed In a cottne field, stretching frem the Columbia pike to the Lewisburg road, and the Twenty eizbth Mississippi regiment, under command of a jones, ordered to charge into the vanced rapidly and with unearthly yells, hot fire of the and two the Miss! re ippians dashed past the two companies of Ohio fon the rebels made no effort to capture these cempan: and send them to tho rear, as they might Sere done with little trouble, but rode furiously down the street, across the public equaro, through other streote, to within ride shot of the troops stationed on our side of the Harpeth, right under the guns of dur works, leaving the Objoans to take care of tl ves af best they aould. Fight of those daring rebels oven rode across the moadow, to the bank of the river, near our pontoon bridge, where they recetved the fire of a company of poutoniers at a distance of twenty yards. Three of these men were sh oY in their tracks and the remainder captured. This would appear to be the freak of a parcel of idiots or drunkards, wore it not for the extreme coolness with which it was out. and sheltered Property of H. ©. Betts, was burned yesterday. Lose $20,000 lly insured, : Sa The Relief of Major General Foster, who nH veverely wounded | Reported Besieged in North “Carolina once seid thy erigtaly by an Overwhelming Fores. peut had been, reinforced, Aad wi purstover end | Btigadier General Heckman Flies to around them. The fray in the field between the two Aid from the Department of the South. pikes did not last long, the rebels burg road, the fire gradually 4, ‘out on our left to- wards Triune. The result of the short fight here aa be summed up thus:—Van Dorn left upon the field dead, twenty-two wounded, and lost sixteen of his men as prisoners. Our loss, four killed, twenty wounded and pometbing like twenty ¥ i ‘probably come INTERESTING OFFICIAL ORDER missing, who wil ke, Kee ke. Later in the day the enemy, who made a detour to’our left in the direction of Triune. with the intention of flank- ing us, unexpectedly met two thousand of Geueral Stan- tary was caplured, bt oon after relaxed by sho owoers) cal Qu t npogetbl "pring It off the Sreamanir Unrrep Srares,(at Sma, Orr Beavrorr, N. C., April 16, 1863, I write this at sea,on board the favorite steam United States, while waiting for a pilot off the bar of B General Stanley sends in: to-night about sixty pri- | fort harbor, North Carolina. We have on board Brigad| Sree, end repcete few capaaition, in is command. | General 0. A. and staffand tho Twenty Third unable whlch took place four tniles. fous Franklin, at MeGavoo's | Sechusetts Votunteers, bound with the utmost despatch ford. the relief of Major General Foster and his command, Forrest, who left Spring Hill with Van Dorn this morn- ing, has been heard from onthe Murfreesboro and Nash- ville Railroad. He is said to have captured and destroyed et train and burned the third stockade from ville. Everything is once more quiet about here, and we an- ticipate no further excitement, are officially reported to be ina very precarious posi in North Carolina, No military order was ever ob with more cheerfulness than that which authori General Heckman to re-embark his brigade ut P Royal, and proceed to North Carolina without de! Whatever delay did occur was occasioned by the mi Plicity of applications to headquarters for leave to go soon ag it was publicly known that General Heckm bad been ordered to depart with his brigade. The tachment of that portion of the Fighteenth army co “which has been doing service in the Department of South for the last three months, toward their com in arms in North Carolina is deep, unalterable and versal; and it is therefore no matter of surprise {| they should joyfully obey a command that required th to return again to the scene of many of their forn heroic exploits, and rescue from a critical position, if from the jaws of destruction, their favorite command Major General Foster, and those companions with wh they bad bought many a dearly earued victory. HOW IT OCCURRED. My last letter from Port Royal left General Heckmay command of the post by order of Major General Hun He enjoyed the honor but a few hours, for within time the operations before Charleston had ceased,| Commanding General of the department returned, General Heckman resumed bis divisional command. the troops of his division had disembarked, and word) camped on Hilton Head Island, with the exceptio Colonel W. W. H. Davis’ brigade, which have sent to Beaufort, 8.0. The danger of an attempt by rebels to attack Hilton Head and Beaufort was serio apprehended; the destruction of the steamer G Washington and the threatening aspect of affairs at Royal ferry, affording reasonable grounds for the hension, General Hunter determined to foil th their calculations. Heckman’s troops were d u various points, for their fighting qualities bad been tested, and they awaited the approach of the enemy. the 11th inst. Gen, Hunter visited Beaufort and Port Ri ferry, and personally inspected the condition of From subsequent representations made to other the same day, by persons likely to be informed of the state of affairs, an attack from the enemy at that po Port Royal ferry—was in reality sot so imminent as at first supposed. In the mesntime—in fact, the day—the AQusta Dinsmore at Hilton Head York, via Moreheaa City, , baving on Literary Movements. Mr.@. W. Childs, of Philadelphia, is about to publish a second edition of Sir Charles Lyell’s ‘‘Geological Evi- dences of the Antiquity of Man.” It will contain addi- tional matter given in the appendix to the second Eng- lish edition, in reply to the objections taken to the work by Professor Owon and other eminent geologists and naturaliste. fhe new novel by Mrs. Edwin James is exciting quite a sensation in the literary world. There are inherent evi- dences in the book that it is founded upon the events of the fair authoress’ own life, which has been one of ro- mantic vicissitudes, and occurrences of recent date lend to it an additional interest and piquancy. Horseshoe Robingon is living in retirement at Balti- more, where he is enjoying bis otium cum dignitate in the company of his books. ccasionally he writes to his contemporaries, enlightening them on the eur rent topics of literary interest. Recently he sent a letter to Hackett on the subject of his Shaksporian criticisms, which is characteristic of the man. He is one of the ‘‘old constructionists’’ of the Shaksperian text, and therefore opposed to most of the liberties taken with it by modern commentators. A new novel, entitled ‘Frank Warrington,” by the au- thor of ‘‘Rutledge’’ and ‘The Sutherlands,”’ is in the press and will shortly be published by Carleton. The same publisher is also about to issue another new tale by Mr. Kirk, author of “Among the Pines,” of which, it is said, 35,000 copies have been sold. Madame Ratazzi, who was an authoress bofore her last marriage, is now advertising a new story, called *Made- molsel!e Million,” which bears her present name on the title page. Mrs. Fanny Kemble, long silent, is about to makes contribution to the controversy concerning North and South, in @ publication of ‘A Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in 1838-39."” We understand an account of the battle of Water- loo has been found in the Duke of Wellington’s hand- writing, and is tobe published. It refutes much that ‘Thiers says on the subject. Solomon Giles, Third New York artillery, and q ‘The “Life of Blake,” the vislouary painter, left nearly . complete by the late Mr. A. Gilchrist, and carried on by pei aetS pa mes mat = hg oe lag his widow, will soon be published. . po rlaegtann i ae | Lassd pr ar oat Upwards of 7,000 copies of the of Bishop familiar with ine cfrcumstances of the di Pv ie sik Sis: ‘within three | Position of Gen. Foster, these ofieers deemed it their to present a statement of the same to Gen. Hunter, weeks of publication. eit the return of the detachment of the Eighteenth It 1s said that Mr. Charles Dickens hag the Roupell forgery case in hand for a serial work. It is stated that M. de Lamartine is prepering an ample Judgment upon “Macbeth,” in which he wil! doubtless attempt an estimate of the genius of Shakspere. A new French daily paper has appeared in London, under the title of L’International, which purports, it says, ‘to be theorgan of the political, industrial and commercial interests which ought to unite England and France.”’ Halpine, who at once saw the mecessity of the case Tecommended Major Giles and Captain Hutchins to ceed at once to Beaufort, 8. 0., and confer with G Hunter oa the subject. ‘BOW THR REQUEST WAS RECHIVED. —, ae General Heckman, Majos, Giles apd Captain Hute New Pablications. or waited upon Major Goneral Hunter at General Saxt ‘The following isa list of the new publications received | quarters, Beaufort, without delay. General Hunter at tho Herat office to April 18:— the statement, read it, winked three times, and GENBRAL quietly folded the document and put {t in his pocket. Berrington a ‘By Charles Lover. Published by | answer was, of course, expected, or that further in ined by Dik itera, MB Benn BP | aed > da at. cos wished to be or not ‘Ot appear; b Neo Name. Aonovel By Wilkio Collins. Published by | certainty exhibited a quaint way of disposing of a y 1a Iron Furnace of Slavery and Secession. By Rev, ter ofso much importance as that which had just ¥ john H. a from Mississippi. lished | Inid before him. ‘ Ah! General Heckman,” said by W. 8 & alfred Martien, Philatelphia. nap dinegebitp I believe?" « No, Gen Practical Arithmetic. By Cbarles Davies, LL.D. Pub- | “7% Sm 3 lished by Barnes & Burr. answered Heckman, “I was born im Pennsylvania, it hee oath core We Examination of the False As- | towm of Easton: but I have lived in New Jersey fo sumptions Refutations of the xophistical Reasonings »« ou ‘hich have brooght, War, Junkin. | Eee pirtom you,” “ks Wheedes, ert Panel oe ees Se Was, By. Goonge Junkia, town of Phillipsburg.” ‘* What town. did wor. tea ee Prescrich: An orady, By Mrs. Henry | cay? “ Phillipsburg.) Phillipsburg?—where Ar trary Arrests in the South; or, Scenos from the x. | ‘bat town, pray?” “ About forty miles perience non —— Unionist. By B.S. Tharin. Pub- | Trenton, om the Central Railroad, opposite : ho UTD. vee ne om Be “ab, indeed.” (A solemn pause of three minutes, du by, Ar Wiliay Desig,” WW Yeriaaton. Pubiabed | wien no word was uttered by ether sis, Gocera ter, however, seemed to be keeping up a continual th tlemen,’’ he remarked, pleasantly, “won’t you take tle whiskey?’ “Thank you,” ‘said Genera) ‘Heckman, ave just taken a little sherry wine.” (Another omiq pause, which was broken by the fortunate intervontid the dinner beil.) Declining an invitation to dine, Gen Heckman and his party Jeft, to awnitthe decision 0 Commanding General upon their important rep tins. Around the Pyramids. A Tour in the Holy Land. By Aaron Ward. Published by Carleton. Guia de Nueva York for the use of Spaniards and Spanish-Amorieans, By R. Alvarez and G. J. Grodiaga. ig of ation. A. B. Street, Weed, Parsons & Co., eH Gmnenve Pre-Adamite Man. By Griffin Lee. Published by sin- ae rae id Nav; ¢ Army and Navy Dictionary. By Wm. @. Webster, Published by Mason, aaa Brower.) We 0 Westminster Review, American edit! 5 Published by Leonard Scott & Co. scphcaiewnuatir The Loudop Quarterly Review, for January, American edition, abit ay Leonard Scott & Co.” ’ The Battle of Waterloo. By Victor Hugo, Published + rsh omen tae , woes /bject Leseons in Botany. By Al; . M. Published by Parnes & Sing bisaiscaciam ‘The Kdinburg Reviow, for January, tion, Published by Leonard, Scott & Co. Hand Book Almanac for the Pacific States. Edited by tm DRcIDR, The following day General Hunter, having in the mi time carefully weighed all the cizcumstances of the © gent the following order to General Feckman:— GENERAL HECKMAN ORDERED TO RELIEVE GENERAI, Special Orders—No, 190. bea oy Dreaxtwext OF tar Sour, HILTON Heap, 8. C,, April 12, 1863. officially represente ) Wm. H. Knight, Published by H. H. Bancroft, San F' eos « cleco, Cal: 6, Miler, Now York. age Fr pn lew American Cy: ia, with su; it. Vol. lomon Xvi. tad Chan Dena’ Pues etutebine oe ie imac mo ry D. Al The Scariet wer. A novel. By Pierce Egan, Esq. He ’ Published by Dick & Fitzgerald. ey the Net oe Washington The "s Daughter. A novel. By Gustave aim- | General. Hockman, ’ Ui ard. Pul by Frederic A. Brady. hereby ordered to ers, culnana'& conte ott ial ayemenn of & eee seript laters, Edited and published by Crosby & Nicho- bight New York to q an Natal to i to Bri General Palmer, Baldwin, Published by Harper & Brethe pees feel command Tho North British Review, for February, American edi- | that Major General tion. Published by Leonard Scots & Co. Brigadier General Heckman will forthwith return with pare National Quarterly Review for March. Edited by | command to this department. Gesiay's San" Francieco Businees Directory for 1eea, | 2% Sommand of Ajutant General, Ep. W. Sepetied and publishes by David Gaziay, Sa Francisco, Brigadier Geveral Hucawan “e & = oe rere The Kai for April. , UNAVOIDABLE DELAY—PROSPECT OF THR ORDER TO DEP. ne Hoeee zine for April. Edited and oes Bm COURTRRMAHDED, —_ ‘Harper's Month! Magarine fee April, From causés ahavoldable there wig & delay of an hq coin Ceara, fo Baited and published by | or two in getting the brigade embarked and on jis lackwood's Edinburg Magazine, for March. Ai The wharf was crowded with officers and men of “Compalguect’ teak ace Teak tienen a: ptr he ratdecoe Pad ones ‘ee les of . By Emil Schalte. Published WTB. a Epps ja. sieged with applicants craving a similar favor. Some Incott, ‘Sea Kings and Naval Heroes, 5 . es By John G. Edgar. Pub- The Geological Evidences of the Ant! juity of Man; with remarks on Theories of the Ori Species. By sir | When the following note was received by Gen. pd ‘og F.R. 8. Publi by George W. Childs, from Gen, Hunter:— : 1 The Last Times and the Great Consummation, Jovepb A. Seip, D. D. Publibed by Smith, Boglish & cantons, Daramegaat Haapquarrens, Darartuest oF THe Sovrm, The Results of Slavery. By in-Cochin. ‘Trans Hap, 8, ©,, April 13, 1863. from the rae, by Mary L. Booth, Publiabed oe Brigadier General Hnoxwax, United States’ Vol The Pioneer Boy and How He Became President, By Gmverat—I am instructed by the Major General bd ‘M. Thayer. Published vy Walker, Wise & Co., Grape Culture, Wines and Wine Makin Agriculture ‘and Horticulture. By A. brag a tated edition, Published by Harper & Brothers, A Universal Instruction Book for the Pt lanoforte, Meto- eran deon, ke, Compiled from the works of the best masters, daupixnee | By * Very ily, yours, CHAS. G. HALPIN: onion Fone Published by Firth, Pond & Co, reff erteath ‘Army Corps and Depattment Souih. de Concert on the Natioual Airs. Composed by L. M. Gottschaik. Published b hear madara re hk nett By Myors 8. Isaacs, Pebtabed ty ‘When it become known that there was even a » Pot . prospect of the order being countermanded, the epir infused into the brigade was clectrical. The fine #! United States, on which General Heekman had made bi headquarters ever since the order to advance towar: Charleston was promulgated, was the scone of a hight! interesting exhibition of enthusiasm and excitement she Iay at the end of the Hilton Head pier taking o troops, camp equipage, armament and provisions. G ral Heekman’s staff, chief of whom is his able gentlemanly § adjutant, Captain William H. Al were as lively a= Worth fiisto sand flies ing the ombargation. Lieutenant Colonel Fiwell, the Twenty third Masesachusetts, Major John Chambers, and the other officers of the samo Worcester, Mase, April 20, 1963, A fearful catastrophe occurred on the Boston Railroad this forenoon, two miles east of this city, caused by the breaking of an axle, Several cars were badly smashed, One breakman was killed and two badly injured. Thom. ton's Express Messenger was also injured, Destructive Fire. Tonowro, C. W. April 90, 1863, ‘The flouring miile and stave factory in Brighton, the