The New York Herald Newspaper, December 29, 1862, Page 2

‘her iron coating. She then steamed down here and lay off Baton Rouge on Monday and yesterday, and the rovele und determined to show their spite by attacking her. It was asceriatied thas they had brought some artillery @owe from Port Hudson and were very busy this mornin’ xing op 6 battery on the western bank of the river, op- Pesite Baton Rouge. Tuc object in auacking from the fide opposite the town was the Delief tbat such a cage the gunboats would not shell the city. In @his. \ wever, thay would have found themselves mais. fake, ae ib was determined that ia case of an attack the gars of the Essex should immediately be brought to bear on thegity, The for the attack was fixed at tom k this mormiog, but the unexiected appearance of " caused them to change their mind,and to make ‘OW wit Ther, uns at the top of their peca. SREDADDLE OF TAB RERRL TROON At tho Lime of the coming of our fleet the city was oo” ‘oupted by « small de.achment of troops, quartered ia the Old Penitentiary building. Alter diligent inquiry in re- @ard lo tho strength of this rebel force, I am satisfied it was not ever three huadred, and also that this throe Burdred ran with @ speed quite unnecessary. Taoy wont im so much of a Burry that thoy left @vorytaing behind them, except their muskets. The pois, howover, were of no value, They consisted of Broken Dedsioad:, mattresses, old cartridge boxes, wora- @ut shoes, and other articles not worth the picking up» which wore eagerly seized by the negrees and earried off fm trivmph. HTSRYINW BELO REN MAYOR WOLT AXD GENERAL GROVER. Seon after Genera! Grover had taken possoggion ef the ‘heiwag watted upon by Mr. Holt, Mayor’ of Baton . Tae Mayor is @ tail, well built and intelligent Tocking man, and was-dreased. insnuff culered olothes, & MALO the worse. for wean. and evidoutly of domeatis ‘Geanufacturo. Having introduced himself tothe General, Se said be bad calieg to tequire of tue Qpneral. his inten tions regarding the towu—whether. he meant to sholl it, an1 whother it was eafe for the inhabitants to remaip. Govora! Grover replied that he had no intention o: gholiing the city unless it became a mititary necessity. ‘Mayor Hott satd the people of Baton Rouge were as mnch opposed to fighting here as anybody could be. “De you moan by that,” asked Gcnoral Grover, ‘that ‘the people of Baten Rouge are loyal to the government of ‘the 'nited States!” “Qh, no,” replied the Mayor; “I do uot mean toaay ‘that; T moan that they are opposed to fighting hore. ‘They are beljless and im your power."* “Cortalaly, sir,” replied the General. “And I suppose you could reduce the city to ashes at aay (ime, if you chose to do it?"” continued the Mayor. “Certainly, sir)” answered the General; ‘it is in my power to-destroy the city in six hours’ time, on a mo- ment's notice, should it become necessary.” «and, in that case,’ replied the Mayor, ‘I should hope You would give the inhabitants sufficient notice, that they Might leave the city.” “You will understand,’’ replied the General, “that 1 must defend myself and hold mv position, and, should the @pomy bttack me, the first consideration will be to repel him” ‘The Mayor took hie leave, evidently impressed with the doa that the Genera! would not hesitate to shell the toway @vou without notice, should it become necessary in order ‘te hold his position. About ten o'clock in the morning, our troops being in Quiet porsossion of the city, Executive Officer Parker, of tho Rasox, proceoded to the State House with a detach ment of men, and raised the Stars and Stripes, which ‘were greeted with shout’upon shout from the soldiers on ahore and on the decks of the vsrious transports. At the foot of the mast Officer Parker found a rebel aig- ea! flag attached to a cane, and this was the only seocs- Sion banner found in the city. A STROLL ABOUT TOWN. AB s09n ag Our truops bad landed I took a strol! around ‘tee city to see what could be seen. There was very little te Le seen except the buildings, aud these were uearly atl cinsed. The people had shut themselves up tn their houses, Rot to be hurt by the Yaukees."” Negroes alone were viai- ‘le at first; but after we had walked on afew blocks a few white mon showed themecives, They all professed to know nething of the rebel soldiers, how many had beea there, who was their commander, whence th-7 came or whituer they went. They knew that there bad been « @slonel in command; but one could not learn that the @id colonc! had » mame or belonged anywhere. One fmserted that he was Colonel Odeham, and belonged to an Arkansas regiment; bat this was immediately contra- dtcted by another. POVERTY AxD MUG FRICED. ‘The people seemed to be tas condition of great pover- “ty, and to want al) the luxuries and many of the necesse- ies of life. I visited the principal market,and found eeuppty which weuld discredit the poorest dealer in Mow York. “What js flour worth?”’ I inquired. “There ain't none,’’ was the answer. <*What is it worth when it is to be had?’ Twe bits the pound.” «*What de you mean by twe bits?” “Twenty five conte.” That is Qity dollars a barrel,” I remarked. “Yes, it is worth @fty dollars a barrel,” was the reply, ‘end we can’t got {t at that. I would be very gied to pay fy dollars for a barrel of fleur,” “What is meat worth?” I asked, “Two bits the pound.” Everything was high in proportien, ve far ast inquired: @onfederate notes and shinpiasters were the only movey to be found. Among the prevalent shinpiasters were notes of five cents, ten cents, &c.,on The City of Baton Rouge” and on ‘‘The Parish of East Baton Rouge.’ A lady came out of « house with a neat garden in front and spoke to our party, saying ashell had burst in ber yard that morning, and asked if we would like to see it. ‘We roplied in the affirmative, when she led the way; but we were unable te find any trace of such a destructive missile. She then said she had not herself seen it, but ‘Ror servants had informed her of the fuet. It had ex- pioded near the door and frightened her servants nearly to death. 4 YANKER UEROIND. «And ,’’ she added, ‘‘and they (the servants) would not Oondesoond to come and show you where it struck." ‘Whether she regarded !t as a condescension in herself she did not inform us. She told us sie came from Vermont. “Lam « Yankee,” she said, “and have ttved here all rough the troubles, and have not stirred out of my Rouse for any of the baities. Iam not atraid of shells. I em 00 used to them I don’t mind them stall, 1 am not ® coward myself, and it makes iwc mad to see & coward. Bleverthe'ess, | hope we shall not be disturbed in our eoperty.” We essured her tbat General Grover had issued a strict order forvidding plundering of any description, and in ‘the course of our conversation, allusion having been made to a goutieman connected in business with her hus- ‘band, who md had some molasses seized by the govern. moat, she said,:-He is @ German, and don’t belong to & rd iE Portion of the eetabiishment which bad resentiy ‘aged for rebel barracks, and opour way meta an4 well dressed man, about sixty years of age, wi bowed tn a greceful and respectrul manner, and whe was fm fact, the most respectable appearing person I saw the ty. Be took the key of the portion of the building we bad just left, and after we had passed on we asked the colored man if he was the keeper. ~ 4 GUNUINS DAREBY. “Oh, 00, massa,’ replied the African, ‘‘he's no keep- or. “Who ie be, then?’ © Wall, you see, mages, bo “How, tives here?’ (Os, be be got into a difficulty, masse, down ia New Orteaus, and ao they send iim here for life,’’ “are you acquainted in the city?’ we inquired of the African. “No, I'se been bere sevben year,” repiied bet the table hue. «Have you beep employed ere 1" “No, massa,’ said the African; ‘-I’ee libbed Lore, too,” “What were you sent bere for!’ we asked bim. “Well, you see, massa,’ be answered, I got inte a little difigully with anoder colored gomman, and we got to oattia’ and slasbin’ kinder, and 1 outweighed him, an’ (bey sont me bere for life, too.” ¢ GROVER ANY SH ¥> ver, wu0 bes mH enti h Che Come Yh ais dayoriads CKOd OU, B® yong i #t Mee yer.” Ger ere! Cur ion courage im the soverest battles of the peninaula. General Grover was @ captain of the Tonth roguiar tn” fantry, and served in the Stovons expedition; also tm | } Utak and on the frontiers in our Indian campaigns, He ame from California to Washington in April last, and was commissioned ax @ brigadior gomeral of volumteers He commanded the Grst brigrde of Genorel Hooker's division, and the division itself during General Hooker's absence. : ~ ees hia eta as constituied Cor this expe" tioa:— Captain Joseph Hibbard, Assistant Adjutant General, Captain F. W. Perkin, Assiatamt Quartermaster. Captain Wm. P. Cowie, Commissary of Subsistence, Surgeon T. B, Reed, Medical Director. Licat, J.B, Brown, Ald-de-Camp. Major D. C. Houston, Onief Fagineer, Lieut. B. M. Hill, Chief of Ordnance. 4 Major H. Robinson, Volunteer Ald-de-Camp oa Gen‘ Banks’ etal, and detailed for tas expedition. Captains “Hibbard, Perking and Cowie, and Surgeon Reed, have-served with Gen. Grover. over ince. his pre” motion to be a . general. : woud oe am artic. Tumors that the cnemy ts making preparations toattack | it OF to-morrow morning. It is. anid us during the ‘that the colonel who skedaddled this morning wont after reinforcoments. Tet him comie—we are ready. It is Gcaroely probable, however, that the rebels will leave their strongnold at Port Hudson and attack us here, espe” cially while there are six guaboate in the river. BEER, WTELLAUNNON OF THB BANE EXPEDITION. Several citizens of Baton Rouge asserted that they kenew two wooks before the Banks oxpodition called from Now York that it was bound for Now Orleans. If @o they certainly knew more than was known in the North. But they aMrmod it positively, and said that, by orders from Richmond, disposiions had been made ao. cordingly. Arvares OW Tue MUERTE. ‘The rebels have made extensive proparations to repel a Maval attack at Port Hudson, and maval officers expros® the opinion that it is as strong ea Viokeburg. Batteries and guns of hoary calibre live the shore, and the work of fortifying is carried om with great vigor. ‘The guorillas are active and seldom miss an opportunity to fre upon » vessel wheu they can take hor at @ disaa” vaatego. They are said to have become very bold of late, and appear with @ying artillery on the beach, do what mischief they can, and thom go ag owddenly as they cume. A few days since the gunboat Winona, while Cruising tn the neighborhood of Port Hudson, got aground: ‘The rebels quickly got a battory im povition nnd opened & rapid fire, sending eighteen shots through her hull and covering her deck with shells. She signalized the Kssex that she was aground, and the robels mistook the signal for a white flag and thought sho had surrendered. They immediately began to shout and swing their hats in exul” tation, whon tho Essex got into position and gave them geome ebells, which speedily convinced thom of their mis- Sake and sent them fying. DESPATCH BOAT TO NEW ORIaAN3. ‘The gunboat Albatross was gout to New Urieans thie ‘evening, with despatches for General Ranks from Genera! Grover glad Captain Aldon, of the sloop Richmond. ‘ e Birom Rovon, Deo, 10, 1862. Ocoupation of the City—The Rumored Hebel Atack—Th, Bevel Forceitn the Neighborhood, bc., de. * Bince thee reeccupation of thie city by the Union forces. under Gederal Grover ne important military movement has been made—that is, none which is apparent to the Public. I believe, however, thatan active and forward war is to be prosecuted in this department, and that the large force now at the disposal of General Banks wil! no ‘be kept idle. ‘The reports of an attack by the rebels on this city, which were in circalation when Telosed my last letter, proved, asl eupposed they would prove, to be without foundation. The gunboats and the infantry force here are too formidable to be attucked without a geod deal of preparation; and it will require several days for the rebels to make the proper dispositions, if they attack us at all. ‘The rebel pickets and spies, how ever, Bf bound to find {ut all Chey can in regard to us, and come snéaking’about can see. Todays negro, whe lives in ‘© ese what thie clty, was shot by @ rebel pieket withia thros miles of bere. He was severely wounded in the shoulder, but succeeded im making his way back to the olty, whore he was properly taken care of. elt is evident that the rebels are conceatrating in con siderable force above here, aad will undoubtedly make a hard fight at Port Hudson. Such is the belief of all the naval officers with whom I have conversed on the sub ject. Negroes whe come within our lises from that place bring reports of large forces, some placing them as highas thirty thousand. Others make the rebel strength only fifteen thousand, while seme declare that not balf this mumber are ft to be brought into action. ‘The rebels are evidently astir, and if they are not at- tacked forthwith, it is mot at ail unlikely they may soon try once more the same game that General Breckinridge tried here once before. We shall see. GEN. BANKS ANNOUNCES HIS POLICY. @Ouv New Orleans Correspondence. Naw Ontzaxs, La,, Doc. 18, 1862. ‘The detention of the Roanoke, by order, it is sxid, General Banks, renders it neesesary that I should send on a.cupplemental letter to the Hxraty. The follewing pro clamation of the new Commanding General is the theme of general encomium among the secessionists. 1 am au thorized by many of them to say that they accept it as ‘an olive branch of peace:— PROCLAMATION. ‘Beapqcarran:, DevaRtuest oF tun Gcir, ) New Unigans, Dec. 16, 1862. In obedience to orders from the President, have as sumed command of the Department of the Guif. to which is added, by his special order, the State of Texas. ‘The duty with which I am charged requires me to as- sist in the restoration of the government of the United It ia my desire to recure to the people of every ciags all the privileges of possession and enjoyment which are cousistent with publ vety,or which it is posmbie for a beneficent and just goverment to confer Ip the execution of the high trust with which | am charged, 1 rely upon the co-operation and counsel of ail loyal and weil disposed people, and upon the waniiest in- terest of those t upon the pursuite of peace, as weil es upon the support of the naval and iand forces. tructions require Tee (o trent as enemies thoe J shall gladly rd an friends ill be placed upun t imperatively i iiuals whieh are ry Considerations Of public saf their ciaime will be iiberaily considered, it ia due also y: ut, while " i : 8 | Hi | : & i 4 i ‘ : it i ff i afi i =. : i i (i i i i i will deboush upop ite shores with # as the torrente uf {ts giant rivers. not be permanently div: This covetry can. may grasp the =-but its destiny will remain umchal be united. God bas or dained 1, What avails. then @ destruction of the best governinent ever devised by mau—the self-adjusting, seif corroct ity copstivution of the United Statest ‘eople ef Whweet! Why not accept the condi tions imposed by yo be pens a configuration aud commercial ’ re. become the founders of States which, o# the ontrepots and depots of your own eantral and upper Valleys. inay stand, in the the p Coe, withon! wite a’, ne cores of ubeir Jogee Of the people, wit he eu tht aperior ANION Major Gouspal Cnmuwadi ding. _ ~*~ lod. Coogeiess ware tay drata | 8 or foreign foes E E i i i a LI ul oj ie tf if H : H Fy Fy &. 2. 5 a ‘THE MEKTOAR CONSUL AXD THE SHOTRALITY LAWS. ‘The Oonsul for Mexico has sent a lotter to her Britannic Majesty's Consul at this piace which is likely to set these Maxican Comso.ate 1x Naw Ontsans, Deo. 17,1662. Sm—The official despatches roocived an me from Mexico exhibit the amount of interest the Mexican gev- to the strict and honorable ubservance ot the laws of neu during the present invasion of Froach expedi corps. itomary In compliance with erdera, 1 have solicited the United performing fy dey, Twente call or engatinent my % at a call or oni! Tnnde at the British Consulate hore of laborers to be sent {rom bere to undortako the work om the French -rallrond between Vora Cruz and Orizaba, From this [ cannot but fl. that you consider the terri- oy a08 the lands etre Vera wae wa Orizaba a French possession, and the chances of war forotellingly Seoured In favor of their conquest. ‘The interest of the English seems to me to be at variance with French politica. fore I thiak it would be prudent to discontinue your endeavors, contingont on the invasion of the Mexican republic, which still is thank- fol for the conduct of the Engiteh and Spanish forces in ‘March last, und has been always friendly to and a woll- wisher of the English peovle. T have the honcr to be, with cs your most obe- dieat servant, ELICLANO RUIZ. To hor Britannic Majesty's Coxavt in New Urieans. ‘THE REPEL BATTERIES AT POR! HUDSON. Some day towards the ond of last week, the gunboat ‘Vid.vis (No. 9) was attacked by @ field battery son.o seveu miles below Yort Hudson. ‘The Kxsex was with the Vidonta at the time, and came in for her abare of th® rebsls’ polite attentions. The fire was returned by both vessels, ‘Ihe Vidonia received some thirty-five shots: several of hor crow were killed, as was an officer—s mas- ter'’s mate. It seems that the rebe! battery had crossed from Port Hudson over to the west bank of the river, aud bad gone down to attack the boats. ‘The master’s mate— whose namel have not bad time to ascertain—was {i the chains on the cast side, heaving the lead, when ® twelve pouad shot passed through both bulwarks, and struck him, actually lodging in his body. GENBRAI., BUTLER AERENADED, A number of the officers of the army and navy, with several residents of New Oricans, who formerly resided at Bridgeport, Coun., serenaded General Butler at bis resi- denoe in 8t. Charles street, on Tuesday evening, in testi” mony of their appreciation of the manner in which he has ruled the city since ite occupation by the Union troops. Among the gentlemen present were Lieutenant Cotonel! Fitzgibbon, Major Faye, Captain Curtis and others: Of the Ninth Connecticut regiment; Captain Sturgis, Cap- tain of the Port; Paymaster Thompson, of the gunboat New London. The music was fervished by the execiient brass band of Dufres & Green's Ethiopian minstrels, General Butler had just returned from very severe jador at his office, and, betug very tired, was unable to acknowledge the compliment tm person, and deputed Cap- tain Puffer, of his staff, to tender his thanks. ‘The party thea visited Major Strong (chief of General Batler’s staf), and after @ cholve colleotion of airs they were invited in amd most hospitably entertained by the popular and gallent Major. Mr. Green, of the minstrel troupe, favored the company with some fine vooal music and imitations of birds, After several pledges & mutual good feeling and esteem, and expressions of regret that the worthy host and his distinguished chief were #00 to separate from those go tenderly attashed to them» the party visited Major Faye's house, where they made night of it. ernment attac! Naw Onrzans, La. , Dec. 20, 1862. Actions Against’ General Buller—Serenade to General Banks—Delighiful Weather, dc., ge. Judge Peabody, who arrived with General Banka, in- tends t open a court im this city, in a few days’ time, as soon as be ean obtain » suitable building and have the rooms properly Atted up. It is expected that the firs, causes heard before this tribuval will be certain actions brought against General Butler by citizens of Now Orleans, to test the legality of the seizure of their property. These trials will excite considerable in- torest, and much anxiety will be manifested in regard to decisions, There are rumors afoat in regard to the General which it would be premature to mention at this ta ae ening the officers of thé Thirtieth Masanchusetts Volunteers, accompanied by » band, proceeded to the St. Charles Hotel, whero, in the spacious office of the building, they serenaded Genorat Banks in some fexcellent selections of music, for which the General,tas ‘ew woll chosen words, expressed his thanks. The party then proceeded to the reridence of General Butler, at the corner of St. Charles and Julia streets, where, in frout of the mansion, they paid the general a similar compliment. At the conclusion General Butler juvited the oificere ‘nto bis house, where, after thanking them for the compliment, he briefly reviewed the bistory of bis adm on iu thie city. The inter” views betwoen bot@ generale and the officers of the Thir. “eth were strietiy private. General Butlor has, In seeponse to the wish of the offi. cers of the army and payy, acd a large number of cith evs, intimated his intention to receive all who may de sire it at the Mavor's office, City Hall, at leven o'clock on Monday, to receive their ferewetix. This indicates th® early departure of the general for the North. Nothing of interest bas transpired emee | wrote by the Reancke; but the readers of the Hwnau may look out for stirring bows uot many days after reading thie, No Pew goveral orders nor appeintmente have been publiah- ed. Mailers are retiling down and adjusting themselves under the new administration. ‘The deligitful weather contoves. The sun shines as brightly ar Richard of Gloucesior could have wished when he desired that luminary as & temporary substitute for & coking glasm, in which Lin pewly Awakened vanity Prompted him to wish to view his delectable shadow, It {9 somewhat cold, particolarly in the mornings; bus tater im the dey ap cverecet is herdiy neccesary. IMPORTANT MISSION OF JUDGE PEABODY. Our New Or' Correspom fence. Nkw Onugane, Deo. 18, 1803. ‘The expedition of Genera) Bauks te accompanied by Mr, Charis A. Peabody , formerly Jodge of the Sapreme Court Sones 9 Hit connection with the expedition was public before ie departure, and the few who were aware of bi intention to jola 1b were quite ignornm of tBe relations he tou!4 sustain towards it. TheJsudge’s mission, in fact, w of an extraordivary kind, probably without precedent in te history of the country, and of fvch importance a to require especial notice. It in, qwitha!, 69 moth of an amomaly that it con ecaresly be desoribed by any word or phrage, Since the oconpetion of New Orieane by our forces, un. der General Bu It ie well known that oumeroue grave | and complicated carve have ariven, involving ‘he rights aud Gatien of foreign residents, and causing muck anxiety at Washingt ave uot positively threatened an | open rupture of ovr peaceful relations with other Powers: | ‘Those camer aro too recent and fresh in the public mind } to require reottation here; and while, happily, they have | unt involved te in foreign ware, they have, nevertheless, | heen the souree of much eolicitude to onr government. j hmnent of (ee authority of the United able ° Tovlgiana, and ite hor States, » "une, thu gront ” By the re j States in no wan 0 - rena ened et ny ered prong Out °ommercial contre of @ vast territory, and oothing can be more evident than that cases of the kind referred © will constantly become more and more au- arene eat seers denen ie cutente Of the Southwest from Washington renders for tho topes of tha goverament ach upon them with the tates which will often be re- quisite, if 1 does not also prevent that full ai% clear un- doretanding of all the cirowmstanoes and facts which pre ma a the events to be Not only are eases of this kind, involving the right nd duties of foreigners, sure to arise and demand car- Rest end thorough investigation, but the whole judiolal system of this vast district will require careful attention 4nd modification, The overthrew of the protended authority of the Confederate goverament and of the tribunals which enforee that authority will gecessarily be followed by an imterim of se months before the old orderof things is fully re-estab- lighed, and the lawfully constituted tribunals once more eet up undor she constitution. The government, it would seem, bas considered whether during this interim the territory in queation shall Le subjested to martial law and ‘tmaiktary tribunals, or whether an independent and tempo: | rary civil power ahalf beestablished, and had upon the\lattor odarss. © seal iead aL From these explagations the reader will probably get @gonoral idea of the mission of Judge Peabody. He is edjadge-att inal. From his decision there can be no appeal to the government at Washington. Se far as the district over which his authority extends is concerned, he ia mot only the focal and the State court, but he is tho supreme court of the Unitea States—the alpha and the omega of Judiotal power, He ts not ee much the representative of the government as he te tho government itself. He speaks not only in its pame, but with tte whole force and. authority; he stands in ite place and wields ite pewer; he utters ite voice; and from his words there is no ap» peal. He ts, of course, responsible to the President of the Coited States for the manuer in which this unlimited power is exercised, and may be removed ior its abuse; ‘but while he holds the position he is supreme. As there 1s no precedent in our bistory for the circum. tances under which thie extraordinary power has betn ‘vestowed, #0, I believe, there is none for the power itsel. ‘The States to be affected by this arrangoment having thrown off their aliegiance to the government, the Presi~ dent, before the re-establishment of regularly constituted courts and local legislatures, is, of course, the embodiment of the civil power: he is the Legislature and the court and, if I undorstand the case under consideration, the President hag delegated aud transferred his power over these States to Judge Peabody, A giaace at the map will abow the reader the {mmense +tretoh of territory over which this authority will soon bo extended, if the plans of this and other expeditions are successful. Genoral Butler has already acquired possession of « large part of Louisiana west of the Missis- If we suppose Genera! Banks’ army to operate successfully tn conjunction with General MoClernand’s army descending the river, the entire Southwest must soon be cleared of the usurped authority of the rebel government, and Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Missisalpp! ‘and Alabama must soon see the flag and authority of tho United States ro-ostablisbed on thoir soil, Toxas, of it- self, has two hundred and Gfty thousand square miles— a tract sufficiently extensive to make nearly six States aa large ag New York, and all the vast stretch of soil comprised by the States named will,I presume, come under the authority of the Judge. ‘NEW ORLEANS TO Be THE JUDICIAL CUNTRA. Of this great country, form!:g in itsel: an immense em- pire, New Orleans will, of course, form the commercial contre, and, consequently, the judicial centre. This city, Upresume, therefore, wiil bo the Judge's “dase of opera: tions’’—the headquarters from which will be regulated the Judiclal system throughout the whole territory. So far as I have been sbie to ferm an opinion of the powers and instructions of the Judge, he is clothed with the @iscretion ini the decision of legal questions; and, while he ts expested to determine them in acourdance with the law of the land, so far as such law may de consistent with the public good, I believe that he is by no means confined to the setter of the law er to egal forms. Ou the contrary, if cases should arise in which the leer of the law should ran contrary to the public good, the Judge, I thtuls, has power to say, “It is true that the law says thus and 60; bat the circum-tances are such that the public interests ‘would be imperilied by its rigid enforesment, and it is’ therefore, set aside.” I think it will be found that such are the discretionary yi thd with whioh the Judge ts clothed, and that in the settlemént of questions involving the Interests ef foreigners these Giscretionary powers will@ereafter be employed. THE LOCAL COURTS HOF TO BB DISTCREED. So far as the judicial system and local courts of the district are concerned, I believe it is not the purpose of the Judge to make any radical or violent changes, unless they are absolutely re quifed by the interests of the government and of the people whose rights are to be affected by them, but, rather, quietly to establish a system which shall, 90 far a8 possible, represent the wishes of the Union popule- tion. 1 do not know that Judge Poabody bas direct authority to appoint judges for the various courts which will have to de established in diferent parts of his district. But such authority would be @ logical sequence of the powers with which he is undoubtedly clothed—would, in fact, be necessary in order to enable him to exercise those 4 and I muke no doubt thas he will hereafter, if he aces not already, fully possess this authority. Takivg it or grant- ei that he does alreaiy or soon will sone it, end judging from the goneral tenor of his instruc tions, as 1 understand them, I should say ft is probal that he will select judges, 0 far ‘as he shall find it cosistent with tho pubtic interests, from the residents of the States and cities in which the courts are located. But when it shat! be in bis opivion ineonsistent wiih the public interests, he will, of course, exercise his discrotionary power, and it stran- gers for these piaces. In short, he'will undoubtedly be guided by the circumstances in each tndividual case; for ‘the very spirit ot his mission is to settle every cause and determine every question in accordance with the facts aud the claims of justioe; and therefore itis that he is clothed with so wide ® discretion and such plenary wer. The position in whieh the Judge has been placed is cer- tainly one of the greatest possible respone(bility , as it is one 0. mostextraordivary power. Its proper exercise will require not only a lawyer of varied learaing, but a man of great good common sense, sound dizcretion, acute judgment, quick perceptions, a lively sense of justice, @ feariegn determination, ve decision and incorruptible integrity, The field which opens ss tainly sufficiently large to gratify the most vaulting am- bition, and in the aes bis 4 Ao oe ee ry great Opportunity countrymen. Judge Peabody will fort ‘enter upon the discharge of his duties in this city. ‘The Che Kiang in Collision with a Rebel Schoon: OUR NEW ORLEANS CORRESPONDENCE. New Orreaye, Doo. 968. The Cho Kiang, one of the transporte of the Banks ex. pedition, met with s stirring adventure off the const of Florida, Whether it was the result of accident, or whether it was a bold attempt on the part of the rebels to sink the Che Kiang, is, perhaps, an open question. In _ .? i : ADDITIONAL FROM EUROPE. Arrival of the Glasgow and Mails of the Europa. OUR PARIS CORRESPONDENCE. Tho Intervention Schome of France and England's Policy in America. THE GREEK QUESTION SETTLED. Prines Alfred Withdrawn and @ Princo of Portugal Recommended as King, Buropean flies and letters are dated fa London atid Parts on the 18th instamt, and contain details ef the report, telegraphed from Halifax, published im the Human last Saturday morning. ‘The screw steamer Glasgow, Captain Roskell, which loft Liverpool at nova en the 10th, and Queenstown on the evening of the 12th ef December, arrived at this port early yeaterday (Suvday) moruing, It wag aagerted in Madrid, on the 11th of December, ‘that General Concha had tendered his resignation as Spanish Ambassador at Paris. Ais motive for so doing is ald to be a dosire to be completely free in all respects at tho discussion on Mexican afeira in the Congress, in which he will take part. Accounts from Moscew state that the favorable pro- gress of the emancipation of the peasants, the intended refornrof the administration of justice, and the othe, iiberal measures announced, have mado the Emperor of Russia more popular than ever. He was received at Moscow, where he now resides with bis family, as though he had never been seem thera before. Om the first dey after hisarrival the Kremlin was so surrounded by:the inhabitants that the neighborhood was completely im* passable, and the people swarmed on the house tops and church steeples to see the Emperor. ‘The King of Dethidied at Rangoon, India, on the 11th of Novombor, and was buried the same day. Little in. torest was exhibited by the Mobammedaa population of Rangoon. The Nice journals state that M. Bergonrro, Mexican Consul at that piace, fell dead on the 10th instant, in ono Of the streets ofthe town, from.an attack of apoplexy. ‘The London News, in its city article, saysi—m Tt 1a underetoed that the Confederate government arg endeavoring to tasue in this countr; ‘ivately or other. wise, bonds bearing interest at the rate or ight per cent, The rebel steamer Sumter was advertised to be wold at public auotion at Gibraltar on the 11th of December. A letter from Dantzick announces that a native of that city, Mr. Horman Wernich, formerly an officer in the Prussian corps of engineers, who had been dismtened the great enthusiasm. * The United States corvette Onward, Capt. Nickels, py into Falmouth on the 6th, last from Feyab, to repair some ‘slight damage and to revictual. It is stated that her crew were in & verpunsutisfactory state of disciphne and that ner officers could mot go achere in the ship's Par, Dec. 19, 1862 Great Dislike to the Bnglish Diplomacy on American 4f- faire—The Derby Disunionista Likely to Oud Palmers’ ton and Acknowledge the South with Napoleon, dc. war might last tweuty years until the South was destroy- ed for ever, says the Frevek policy required no other jas tification. It is rumored in diplomatic circles that the tories, assisted by France, will succeed in ousting Lord Pal. aod porkape, account for the prevatenee of this theory. The se wronent te fare facte of the ease, as Ihave been able to gather them, are | the eupplier: « a follows: — ty Capes, a schooner, containing five men, was observed ap- | whats or proaching; but, as the men were apparently unarmed, | ‘rom the other side not mach attention was to the circumstance. Wiimep er ‘either from accident or , the nebooner was second for rivet! iio eons no ee } atetking her ave taken the under ful ius collision stove three bolts the nidee of ihe | ere eines ee eke eee, Oe ee we should bave dove i lighten her. ‘The proposition The rebel schooner, however, Idedly the worst however oc te for gue was borte down and oul by thease Mang, | 0, Vert Rewever and ihe five rebel, abandoning their sinning ship, pariality ‘There to a boat am } war which It is ible this was the result of design, but probabia that {t wae an accident. “4 = part their side. to ngreomen both that whichevor ultimately agi th parties wi Tho Arago, ono of the tersnaports of the Banks exped!« | fe'tee vicki” eer, ceria arora tion, had @ large number/of sick on board at the time of | vention * yas not Iikely at that moment to The Soah rue Moa ap targa tN hanno et gina iano ‘The Medical Inspestds was seat on board of her to in ae ee reer ‘ohave veatl the facta of the }, and on hig return he re- it is sarronnded in groan Bepranet reson snose Somes an | Yan nee Pata nk st Uj fand that thore wre then forty Sre"cune of evtone a), aaa ee eee” arcadful commeretal orisis which the hoard (10 SAM ressel ‘world ever wen, whore Amnerica ean wee nothing but The F:6 Heed and Twenty e@hth rogimont Nee | hee enormour powers of production, and resonrves Vous VOUum’ oe was om buerd the arago, y Which sue unagines to be luechansyhio, Kirone oun ryt hs eet mmc om me | EE an: the which had been ee ane ream y i E tf ma Brae & bis 53 e & if il ‘The series commences by a desyatch written by the splan Mnicar of Foreign, Allaire on May 5 i) ) Affaires io Paris, expla. atioey ai tothe teigng of Admiral , tpacedd tea lendrid perecamect $0 tqurove st Sa 1: 0 Madr drawel of the Spanian troops. wi ‘The despatch No. 2 ia the reply of the @ataiven at Paris. Roforring to the despatelrsent to M. de Barret, Seemtes. The ‘Munroe, f Exomiascr—Ia oC Count de Reus bis oan om the 6th instant, in te and their interests. after a tollseme. seven 1 arrived tn Wits Une following day I the Minister of the Repnbite, M. who received me wimost cordiality. He io nee-offctal rely em the good and and the President of the if fi if fi? i f expense expedition. oe retro ana ‘he eenny resent ommenraee oe il f = n i i | i i i) hg it IF te the + Plana between Siena isciny, beasneb.emntah tra Tag lo hae bo st (at Vine the mogt pr thy: he had not beea Lid He stated Mi tended with serious 4. Re embark, and Gon, Prim A ang feelings Of personas interest, that the Mexieans arg Biishmout of a uayrTohy. ale om