The New York Herald Newspaper, December 26, 1862, Page 4

a NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BA&NNETT, @FSICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. TERMS cash in advance. Money sent by mail will be fat the risk of the sender. None but Bank bills current in New York taken. THE DAILY HERALD, Turxx cents per copy. THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at Five cents per copy. Annual subscription price: One Copy... $2 ‘Three Copies. . Five Copies. ‘Tea Copies. . oe WS Any larger number, addressed to names of subscribers, @1 50 cach. An extra copy will be sent to every club of ten. Twenty copies, to one address, one year, $35, and ‘any larger number at same price. An extra copy will be peat to clubs of twenty. These rates make the WEEKLY ‘Himratn the cheapest publication in the country. Volume XXVIII. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broad: WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Bacueoner Anes. WINTER GARDEN, Brosdway.—Laxcs or Krtuanxar— Mactc Joxe—Harrr Man. LAURA KEENB’S THEATRE. Broadway.—Bionpetrs. FAUST AND MANGUERITE. NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Santa Ciays— Piaors Devr—Hapiequin Jace Suxrraup. BOWERY THEATEK. Bowery.—Lrrrux Hovv—i ack Cape—Motame (PAA rl gre aoe @ERMAN OPERA HOUSE. Broadway.—Maaic FLUTE. BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, broadway.— aacu’s Punromuina Beaut—Gtant GIR, 0, oe all Louse, Oo.Leen Bawx—Day and Evening. BRYANTS' MINSTRELS' Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad. way.—Etnioriax Soxgs, Bu! —! S eLusqons, Dances, &c.—Biack ‘WOOD'S Mi! Gongs, Dancas, HALL, 514 Broadway.—Brai (&0.—Dixorau. inf wierd BUCKLEY'S MINSTRELS, Palace of Music, Fourteenth street.—Eratorian Soxas, Daxces, &c.—Luceetia Borara. es BALL, Irving Place.—Axwin SaLeMater’s First BROADWAY MENAGERIE, ol ae \GERIE, Broadway.—Living Wrip AMERICAN MUSIC HALL, No. 444 Broadway.—Bat- Lars, Pawromimes, BuRLEsQuss, Ao. Br Bay PARISIAN CABINET OF WONDERS. 663 Broadway.~ n datly irom 10 A.-M, til 10 P.M i iii HOOLEY'’S OPERA MOUS! Brooklya.—Ermi0r1ax Soncs, Dances, Buaiesques dc o ss ATHENAUM, Brookly: Caristr's MInstRELs. CAMPSELL'S MINSTRELS, New Opera House, Chicago. New York, Friday, December a6, 1863. = THE SITUATION. Yesterday was dull day in the camps of the Army of the Rappahannock. The depletion of the eutlers’ stores rendered the Christmas a somewhat dreary festival for the men, and many of the offi- cers got leave to seek the enjoyments of the @eason in Washington. No movements whatever have taken place on either side of the river, nor is there any indication of an immediate renewal of hostilities. The campaign im ‘Mississippi is assuming an important shape. It may not be long before two severe battles will have to be recorded in that region; one probably at Vicksburg, and another at Jackson. We give to-day an elaborate map of the theatre of operations, from New Orleans to Memphis, and s very full and highly interesting eccount of all the proceedings of our armies in that vicinity. The grand naval expedition of Admiral Porter down the Mississippi, has called forth the services of several able officers, who have volunteered to join him. It is said that several hundred sailors, boatmen, gunners, black- smiths, &c., will also be sent to the West, to go into immediate service. The list of our regular army and gencral officers, published in our issue of to-day, will be found very interesting, inasmuch as many important changes have lately taken place. It will be seen that ou, army, according to the Army Register, embraces over a million of men, and it will also be seen that many general officers have fallen since the issue of the Register on the Ist of January, 1862, thus at- testing the bravery and self-sacrifice of our su. perior officers in the field of battle, which have perhaps been unequalled by those of any army in the records of modern warfare. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. A fire, involving a loss of about sixty-five thousand dollars, occurred yesterday morning in Washing- ton street. It brdke out in the extensive cracker bakery of Knapp & Worthen, No. 175 Washington street, consuming that and the adjoining building, No. 173, and doing some damage to the rear part of No. 177 and the rear of the Pacific Hotel, 172 Greenwich street. There was sufficient insurance to cover the greater part of the loss. There was also a fire at 102 Walker street and one at No. 61 Dey street, by the former of which but slight damage was done, and the latter destroying pro- perty to the amount of only about four thousand dollars, for which there was full insurance, The following table shows the amount of Ame- rican silver which was taken from the United States to Montreal, Canada, by the National Ex- press Company, from the Ist of January to the last of November, this year:— January. $1 July... ee... $139,039 February... August .. 33,044 September. October. . Novembe St. Paul, Minnesote, frem Cincinnati, which the govern- ment paid $2 95 each for, were issued to the sol- diers for $1 25, and considered dear at that; but as the volunteers were suffering for the want of blankets they concluded to take them. The republicans of New Hampshire have nomi. nated for Co; sé, in the Fourth district, Joel Eastman, throw overboard Hon. Gilman Mars- | ton, the present member. In the Second district | Hon. Edward H. Rollins is nominated for re-elec. tion. Inthe Third district J. W. Paterson receiv- | ed the nomination, after a bitter contest between his friends and those of Thoinas M. Edwards, the | present representative. The philosophers of the Ziilune claim three thousand five handred majority at the lust election | in Oregon tor th« republican party, when it is well knowa | ticket that was elected was | nominated by » © convention. The onndidates for Governor am site Printer were democrats, ‘and those for men lcr of Congress and Secretary ‘of tate were conservative republicans. Twelve deserters from White's regiment of Vir- ginia rebel cavalry on Tuesday voluntarily took the oath of allegiance to the United States govern. ment, in Baltimore The correspondent of the Baltimore American at Suffolk, is satisfied that the army in that vicinity is capable of marching into Richmond. He says the roads leading to the rebel capital are good, and less protected than any other rou eoldiers are all anxious to widerte ob. Our correspundent io Beyrout, Syria, writing on the Wis of September. furnishes a very interest | and the | of General McClellan from NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, DECEMBER. 26, ing letter respecting the position of the Christian population in Asia Mizor and Syria, and the pro- gress of American interests, missionary and com- mercial, in the Ottoman empire at large. France and England, through diplomatic policy, wish to sustain the tottering rule of the Sultan, and hence they represent to the world that the rights of fo- reigners are tolerated in the East and a free exer- cise of Christian worship permitted. The writer denies this. He says that the jealousies engender- ed among the Christian Powers by the Crimean war induce each one of them to submit in turn to the perpetration of the most groas wrongs and outrages on their subjects by the Turks and Turk- ish authorities, the European governments, indi- vidually, fearing that the coniplaint of one would tend to elevate the influence of the others in Con. stantinople. Hence the murders which have been perpetrated on American missionaries and other Christian settlers within the last few years, and hence the probability that such acts will be re- peated, unless the great Powers, throwing all feeling of political rivalry aside, unite and tell the Sultan that they must come to an end. One of the murderers of Mr. Coffing, the American missiona- ry, had been arreated and ordered for execution, the United States Consul at Beyrout, with the commander of the United States ship Constella- tion, dofng good service in o!taining this act of justice, which it is thought will have en-excellent moral effect. The Constellation left Beyrout on the 29th of August; for the coast of Italy, with all hands well, There were several French and Eng- lish ships-of-war on the Eastern shores. The Mon- tenegrin question had not advanced towards a solution. A young native, of liberal edueation and views, had introduced a cotton gin from France at Tarsus. The effect has been excellent, and it was thought that five times the amount of cotton would be cultivated next year. From this step the writer anticipates the most important results— alocal revolution, which will eventually reform the lawless habits of the population, by engaging them in profitable agricultural pursuits, and the opening of a cotton market which will tend more thanany other to render Europe independent of the Southern States of America for a supply of that staple. The Chicago Tribune (radical abolition) say that Gen. Grant has hitherto been held back by Gen. Halleck, and that the latter is responsible for the policy which has kept our army hanging about Memphis and Corinth so long, inactive. The rebel iron-clad battery Georgia, which was built at Savannah, is lying just below that city, at the head of Elba {sland, and is completely sur- rounded with obstructions. She is covered with railroad iron, and mounts ten guns. It is reported that Attorney General Bates re- gards the admission of West Virginia as a State unconstitutional. His opinion, it is thought, will have considerable influence in preventing the Pre- The Campaign in the Southwest—Its Weak Places and Points of Danger. We publish this morning an interesting illus. trative map, at this time, of that portion of the lower Mississippi valley which has become the all important field of the war in the Southwest: and in connection with this map we give a series of letters from our army correspondents which will materially assist the reader in an intelligent understanding of the military com- binations and operations involved in this South- western campaign. Between Nashville and New Orleans the dif- ferent army columns and detachments, Union and rebel, operating on both sides of the great river—in Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi and Louisiana—exceed, perhaps, in the aggregate all the armed forces in the East between Frede. ricksburg and Charleston. On the Union side, in the section of ceuntry represented in our map, General Rosecrans has a magnificent army at and around Nashville. General Graat and General Sherman have each a powerful column operating further down—the latter on the Mis- sissippi river below Memphis, and the former on the Yazoo. Within striking distance, we presume, of Grant and Sherman, is the great liver flotilla of Admiral Porter or the co-ope- rating land forces of General McClernand- All these forces moving along together, if they could be so moved, would doubtless be'strong enough, without a serious check, to march right on down to the Gulf of Mexico, clearing out the rebels from the State of Mississippi, and giving them a crushing blow in Alabama with the occupation of Mobile. But we are sorry to say that in the West, as in the East, there are hitches and drawbacks attending the move- ments of our forces which leave us in doubt as to the practical results that are to follow. For example, we are informed from Cairo that paroled federal prisoners arrived at that point report the recapture of Holly Springs, Mississippi, by the rebels; and that this recapture resujteH in the destruction of large quantities of cotton, over two hundred wagons and a de- pot full of commissary stores, ammunition, &., valued at half a million of dollars. Again, it appears that a small rebel force made a raid on the suburbs of Memphis on Sunday night and carried off one hundred catsle and one hundred and eighty mules; and yet again, that the rebel forces operating in Northwestern Tennessee, in the rear of Rosecrans, have burned Union City and the bridge over the Onion river. The worst feature, however, in a)l these mishaps is the small guard of three or four hundred men placed over the valuable depot of our army supplies at Holly Springs. We have had numerous cases of this sort, Kast and West, and many millions of army supplies bave thus been wasted by the culpable negligenee involved in an insufficient or unfaithful protecting detachment of Union troops. But these successful rebel raids upon the rear and the flanks and between the several columas of our forces in the Southwest betray some radical defects in our programme of ope. rations in that quarter which suggest the pro- bable loss of another winter in petty enter- prises. We think the fundamental error of the War Office lies in the idea that it is necessary | tofoceupy with a small military force and large amounts of military supplies every place. great or small, which may fall into the pos- session of our advancing troops. Thus great | armies are dribbled away and large quantities of army supplies are furnished to the enemy or destroyed. Mr. Seoretary Stanton and Gen: Halleck, in a word, seem to be conducting this war upon the fallacious idea that we are fight- ing for the military occupation of every town and hamlet, crossroad and ferry in the South; and while they pursue this falee system of war- fare they will accomplish nothing. Their true policy is to fight to put down the rebel armies: to follow them up, and to pay no attention to points or placesin our rear which are not essen- tial to our advance, It was the attempt to hold the valley of Virginia which caused the repulse the gates of Rich mond, and which menaced the destruction of our army at the gates of Washington. General Rosecrans is required, with a large force, to stand guard, against the rebel General | Jo. Johnston, over the important city and mili tary base and depot of Nashville. Very good But how long will it take Grant, Sherman, Mo- Cleroand and Admiral Porter to get to Vicks- burg if they are to guard and hold meantime all the intervening inland country from Nash- ville to Jackson, Mississippi? At this rate they will be occupied all winter in looking after pre- datory bands of rebel guerillas. Move down the Mississippi river upon Vicksburg and settle with the great rebel army there, and these guerillas will disappear, as they disap- peared from Kentucky with the expulsion of the protecting army of Bragg. Remove the inducements of small detachments of federal troops and valuable stores of supplies from out-of-the-way places, and these rebel gue- rillas meantime will have nothing to feed upon. We apprehend, however, that“Mr. Secretary Stanton and General Halleck will continue on im the old way of fighting around the edges of thélebellion, and of clearing out and occupy- ing all points and places as they advance, until some great disaster in the West will divert the public attention from the'late repulse at,Frede ricksburg. The rebels in Western Tennessee and Northern Mississippi appear to have in- volved all our combinations against them in serious difficulties and drawbacks, and we shall be agreeably disappointed if great vie- tories, instead of disheartening reverses, shall be the results of this winter’s campaign in the Southwest, as now conducted. Disaster—Report of the Congres- sional Committee on the War. The report of the Congressional Committee on the War fixes the responsibility for the dis- aster at Fredericksburg beyond the shadow ofa doubt. When General Burnside’s whitewash. ing letter to General Halleck was eagerly pub_ lished in anticipation of this report, the radical press raised a shout of exultation. They cried: “See here, the War Department, Stanton and Halleck are as innocent as the child unborn, Nobody is to blame but Burnside himself; he admits it, and every other general ought to fol- low his noble example.” Burnside little thought when he gave this certificate of character, extort ed from his generosity when he visited Washing- ton after the battle, that so base a use would be made of it by the radical journals, and we think it very unlikely that he or any other gene- ral will ever again write such a letter during the present war. It wasa traplaid for Burn- side to trip him up end make him the scapegoat of the calamity. It bears internal evidence that the points in it were suggested by another, and are not the natural emanation of his own mind, Itis more remarkable for what it omits than what it contains. There is not a word in it about the failure to have the pontoons at Falmouth at the preper time, which all the evidence taken by the committee shows to have been the prime cause of the disaster, and but for which it could not by any possibility have happened. The sworn testimony of General Burnside himself corrects the erroneous impression which his inconclusive letter is calcula- ted to make on the superficial reader. That testimony is fully confirmed by the other gene- rals, and “leaves ne peg whereon to hang a doubt.” What does General Burnside testify ? His evidence is explicit on several points, prov- ing the imbecility af the War Department as leading inevitably to the result which has now become history. In the first place, he swears that, to his “surprise,” while on the march to Richmond and in command of a corps, he was visited by an officer attashed to the War Depart- ment, who brought an order appointing him to the command of the army, “ia a violent snow storm, with the army in a position that he knew little of;” in fact, he “knew less than any other corps commander of the positions and relative strength of the several corps.” He told General Buckingham, the bearer of the order, that he “did not want the command, that it had been offered to him twice before, and that he did not feel he could take it.” He also told his staff officers the same thing, and that he had expressed his opinion to the War Depart- ment “over and over again that he was not com- petent to command such an army as this;” that McClellan “could command the Army of the Potomac better than any other general in it;’* and shat “he (Burnside) did not think there was any one who could do as much with that army as General McClellan.” It was only on being assured that, as a soldier, he was not at liberty to disobey, that he yielded at last to the peremptory order from the War Depart. ment. Here was blunder the first which led to the catastrophe at Fredericksburg. An able gene- ral, of a eompreiiensive mind, and yet atten- tive to the most minute details—which was the leading characteristic of Napoleon-and Wash- ington—a general to whom friends and enemies alike paid the tribute of praise, the Prince de Joinville on his staff, and the Prussian officer who fought against him in the rebel service, whose narrative we published yesterday, doing equal homage to his masterly skill—a general who had led the whole Army of the Potomac in numerous pitched battles, the army which he had himself created, and who had thus gra- dually gained by practice the skill necessary to move large bodies of men—was removed without cause from the command of those troops, who almost worshipped him—removed in the presence of the enemy—an act whioh military writers, military experience and common sense agree to condemn. Campaigns have often been lost by such folly. Ney’s failure at Quatre Bras, preliminary to the battle of Wa- terloo—a failure which had a fatal influence on the result—is attributed to his being placed suddenly in command of troops of whom he knew nothing. Im his case it was necessity; im the substitution of Buraside for McClellan it was choice. The American General was removed when he was rapidly advancing against the enemy, and another was put in his place who had proved himself s good com- mander of twenty thousand men, as several other generals in the army had done, but who candidly stated that he felt incompetent te lead #o large an army as McOlellan’s. This is no discredit to General Buraside, but to those who perpetrated the folly of forcing him into the position. The genius for leading emall bodies and lerge bodies is entirely different. Beauregatd did very well with thirty thousand men; but when he took command of one hun- dred thousand he failed. Pope behaved very well with @ small, independent command and with « portion of a great army; but when he took command of a large army in Virginia he made a snd business | of it. Jackson is an enterprising, brilliant general; with twenty or thirty thousand men under his command; but give him the army that Lee commands, and the chances are ten to one that he would fail. The genius of McClel- lan. is very like that of Lee, and he is the only man we know of at present who is able te cope with him. General Seott indicated him as the best commander for the whole army, and it is the rashest presumption on the part of mere olvilians—third rate law- yers—to remove him from it, and put in his place generals untried upon a large scale. It is true that the greatest generals the world ever saw took command of armies without ever hav- ing led a regiment against the enemy. Peter the Great, Conde, Frederick and Napoleon are examples, But these are exceptions to the general rule, and we would be wofully deceived by following the exceptions instead of the rule- Even Napoleon—a general of such surpassing genius—did not suddenly assume command of large armies. It was only by degrees that he acquired the skill to wield vast masses of men. McClellan, with his larger experience and greater military knowledge, would not have as. sailed so strong a position as that of the enemy behind Fredericksburg. If he had decided to move by that route he would have turned the position above or below. Burnside, after this leason, will perhaps do better next time, and he may yet prove himself able to lead to vic. tory an army of one hundred and fifty thousand men. There can be no doubt that the removal of McClellan and the substitution of Burnside in the middle of a winter campaign, while the army was on the march, was one main cause of the disaster which followed. It is pretended that he was removed for disobedience of or- ders. It is yet to be proved that he ever dis- obeyed any positive orders it was in his power to fulfil. Ifhe did so, why has he not been court martialed? And does it not seem strange to every one that the abler general should be hampered by orders while the less experienced, we are told, had a carte blanche ? The more immediate cause of the disaster is proved to be the delay on the part of the War Department in sending forward the pontoons as agreed to by General Halleck. With his usual foresight, General McClellan, on the 6th of November, had despatched an order to have the pontoons in the vicinity of Harper’s Ferry sent to Washington, with a view to their being taken thence to Falmouth in the event of his deciding upon a change of base. On the 7th or 8th Burnside received the order investing him with the command. Halleck and Meigs went down to Warrenten, and on the nights of the 11th and 13th of November discussed with Burnside the plan he proposed, and part of that plan was that Halleck should send down pontoons immediately to Falmouth for the purpose of crossing the river. So important was haste that he then and there sent a despatch to General Woodbury, commanding the Engineer brigade, to transport all the pontoons and bridge materials to Aquia Creek. On the 14th Burnside, feeling uneasy that he had received no intelligence that the pontoons had started, telegraphed to General Woodbury and Major Spaulding. It turned out that this was the first time they had ever heard of the pontoons! Al- though Burnside had sent his plan to the authorities at Washington on the 9th, it was not till the 19th that the pontoons started, and they did not arrive till the 22d or 23d of November—ten days too late, and when Lee had ample time to concentrate his troops and fortify his position. General Woodbury testifies that he did not receive information in time as to the move- ment which was about to be made. “The Quartermaster’s Department was almost totally destitute of means. With the very short notice given him, there was only one possible way of supplying the army with a pontoon train in time. Had the emergency been made known to him in any manner he would have disregard- ed the forms of the service, and seized teams, teamsters and wagon masters for instant service wherever he could find them; but he had no warrant for suck a course, which, after all, could only have been carried out by the au- thority of the General-in-Chief.” General Meigs, Quartermaster, testifies that he did his best to forward the pontoons; that the time was too short in which to send them. General Halleck, being examined, declared that he did not hold himself responsible for any- thing more than to give the order. He did not consider it his business to see it carried out, but thought it was General Burnside’s busi- ness to look after the pontoons in Washington. This is cool. Burnside was suddenly placed in command of a large army, and was to leave it - and go to Washington to look after pontoons, which Halleck and Meigs had already under- taken to sond him, and when the Secretary of War, too, was there to see the the matter at- tended to! Burnside, indeed, says that if he had thought the authorities would have neglected it he would have sent his own officers for the pontoons. But Halleck deceived him, and never informed him that he would not or could not do what he promised. General Burnside positively swears that “the non-arrival of the pontoons at the time he ex” pected prevented his crossing at the time he expected to cross, and interfered with the suc” cess of his plan.” General Sumner swears that he ‘could have taken Fredericksburg and the heights on the other side of it at any time within three days after his arrival if the pontoons had been there.” General Sumner adds that the army was “demoralized” in consequence of the battle, and that “there was a great deal too much croaking and not sufficient confidence.” General Franklin testifies that if the pontoons had been ready at the time of the arrival of the army the troops “would have immediately crossed the river, driving away the enemy— perhaps five hundred er one thousand men—and they would have occupied those very heights they had to attack, and the crossing would have been permanent and successful.” Again, he says:—“I would like to impress as firmly upon the committee as it is firmly impressed upon my mind the fact that this whole disaster has resulted from the delay in the arrival of the pon- toon bridges. Whoever is responsible for that dday.is responsible for all the disasters which have followed.” This is plain speaking. And he adds that he does not believe they could have crossed at the, time they did had the enemy choven to prevent it. General Hooker deposes that Halleck or Meigs promised to have the pontoens down and everything ready in three days. When Sumner arrived there were only five hundred rebels at Fredericksburg; “but,” he adda, “the same mishap wae made there that had been made all along through this war,” From General Halleck’s own testimony it does not appear that he is of any use whatever | at Washington. Hoe acts the part of a mere clerk, copying orders, but not seeing that they are carried out. He neither plans campaigns nor ives efficient assistance to the wonerals who 1862. do plan and fight them. The necessary sup- plies were withheld from General McClellan at Harper’s Ferry at the time that the radical journals were clamoring against him for not meving on, and so it has been in the oase of Burnside. General Franklin swears that, notwithstanding the detay of the pontoons, the position of the enemy would have beea captured had more men been on the field on the day of battle. Whose fault is that? Is it not boasted that we have 800,000 men in arms? Is it not the fault of General Halleck and the Secretary of War that we had not enough men at the decisive point? It seems that there are not only no military men at Washington to carry on the war, but not even men of common sense. The only suggestion Burnside received from headquarters was a caution not to attack too soon, while all his generals agree that, from the imbecility whioh rules at the capital, his attack was delayed too long, and thus failed, There is abundant ground in this report for the most determined action of both houses of Congress, and we trust that immediately after the recess a joint resolution will he adopted calling upon the President to remove Stan- ton and Halleck, Meigs and the whole batch of incompetent officials whose delays paralyze the best efforts of the generals in the field. And, to aid in the same result, we would suggest that a great meeting be called in this city to give expression ‘to public opinion and senda deputation to Mr. Lincoln. The meeting intended to be held last Saturday was postponed till fuller information could be ob- tained of the facts. The official report of the Congressional committee has furnished it on oath from the best sources, and now is the time for the people to act. The Rebellion in China to be Crusned by the Ald of Russia. By our latest European advices we learn that the Russian government has tendered its aid to the Emperor of China in putting down the re- bellion which has spread so greatly among his subjects. This affair—the crushing of the rebels—had been in good hands. The Ameri- can Mandarin Ward was attending to the matter by contract. An unlucky bullet, however, put an end to his career, and left the Emperor of China dependent upon the services “of another Yankee—Forrester—an untried person, who may turn out quite unfit to sueceed the valor- ous Ward. In this emergency the Russian gov- ernment has come forward to the aid of the Celestial Empire, and Cossacks are to crack the crowns of the rebellious Chinamen, to the great and immediate relief of the Brother of the Sum and the ultimate great benefit of Russia. For years this government has steadily culti- vated and increased its relations with that of China. A Russian Envoy—semi-religious and semi-political in his capscity—has resided at the Court of the Chinese Emperor, and through’ his influence and services the relations, com® mercial and amicable, between the twe coun- tries have grown apace, Russia all the while extending her power and control over portions of territory owing allegiance to China, but speedily becoming the vassals or dependents of the Czar. The mighty strides made by Russia towards the domination of the whole of that vast territory known as the empire of China are unceasing and deter- mined, and the tribes and people who come in contact with these designs are quickly mas- tered by the bold policy which long since marked them out as the future subjects of Russia. The Czar orders roads, canals and tele- graphs extended into these his future domi- nions; and as surely and resistlessly as the incoming tide of the ocean sweeps over the sandy beach, so surely will the Muscovites rule in Chima. Every step they now take to- wards the furtherance of that object is firm and sure, and a long leap, covering much of the dis- tance to be crossed, will have been made when Russia has crushed the rebellion now threaten- ing the throne of China’s Emperor. That monarch will become almost a vassal of Russia, will look to her for future aid and for protection against any recurrence of the events which have deluged his empire with blood, and we shall more than likely behold a Russian army serving as his body guard. To Russia will fall the glo- rious lot of introducing modern civilization into China; to her will belong the railways and tele- graphs, the maaufactories and commerciat en- terprises—in fact, to her will fall the domination of four hundred millions of people capable of great and lasting improvement. It is needless to point out the immense conse, quences of this future occupation of China to the master minds which conceived and are carrying out the plan with so much determination and such speedy success. Russia, already 80 powerful, will then rule in the Eastern Hemisphere, as we are undoubtedly called upon to rule in the West- ern, To those who may be disposed to object to her rapid strides im the East Russia will scarcely deign a reply. She will be secure in her immense resources and in her facilities for the transportation of troops and munitions of war; for,as she advances step by step, she makes railroads and constructs fortresses in which she leaves strong forces, while from each tribe or nation she subdues she recruits fresh ma- terials for her immense armies. She aé- vances surely and steadily, and that in the face of all Europe, which dares not interfere. The only nation which Russia might dread—the United States—she knows to be her friend; and as our destiny must ina great measure resemble hers, as we must spread and obtain domination over all this continent, Russia is well aware that we shall have neither time nor inclination to mar her success in the Old World. Our mission is in the New, and Russia will meet with nought from us save good wishes and a full and entire sympathy in her great and glorious future. The schemes of Framce and England for foreign conquest are futile in comparison with the gigantic plan Russia is so surely accom: plishing. France will never remain mistress of Mexico. The American people will drive her away from this continent, no foot of which can long remain under foreign domination. England, who is about to assume the throne of Greece, will find she has given her young Prince Alfred an uneasy seat thereon. Russia, Mrance, Aus- tria, Turkey, and ultimately Italy and Spain, will intrigue against her occupation, and per- force she will have to leave sunny Greece to other hands. Her tenure in Indiais most inse- eure, because she is ever killing that goose with the golden egg by her unrestrained rapacity and tyranny. At no distant date the people of India will drive England away at any moment this may be consummated, they are so tired of the British yoke which bes so long and so merci- losaly galled them. Russia proceeds differently. She looks for no immediate returns of treasure, save in fair commercial transactions. She treats her new subjects, or those she intends shall fily that capacity, with a friendly diseretion; she improves their commercial facilities, adds to their material welfare, and thus obtains a sure and lasting hold upon the people she wishes ultimately to rule, Those who prove obstinate she brings all her immense resources to bear against, and either defeats or destroys them. In her onward march towards domination and increase of power Russia is content to wait for a return of the outify, while France and Eng land merely seek immediate gain, the oanse quences of which must be ultimate failure. To use a trite but common phrase, Russia ‘is slow but sure.” We sball await with interest the development of the present phase of Russian polioy—that is, fighting the battles of the Chinese Emperor. Greece and Mex’co—Firebrands im the Olid aha the New World. The American rebellion has shaken the peace and prosperity of this continent, while to add to the troublesome complications which eur. round us we find France endeavoring to obtain a foothold in America. This scheme—the con: quest of Mexico—is as oil poured upon the flames which are consuming us. In Europe a new question has arisen, which must sadly complicate the already greatly endangered equilibrium of her great Powers. Werefer te the question as to who shall be the future ruler of the Greeks. A singular analogy exists between the resulta to occur from the French expedition to Mexico and England’s intended assumption of the throne of Greece. In both cases the people are to vote upon the question of who shall rule them; but in both cases the results of such a -vote are defined beforehand. Who can doubt that to English intrigue Otho of Greece owes his fall from power—that the election of aa English prince to the throne vacated by Otho was aforegone conclusion, and that England will thereby secure the undoubted domination of the Mediterranean? Having possession of ite extremities, to say nothing of her commanding the Dead Sea, she will, with characteristic greed, seize upon the throne of Greece and await the results of her bold step in mingled fear and stubbornness, relying upon her wealth to buy off hostility, and determined to use, as she has always done, deceit and treachery to carry out her pur- poses. But Greece, by her geographical position, would assist too much the progress of Great Britain, and as surely as she seizes upon that throne, go surely will she light the brands of discord and strife throughout Europe. France—as is clearly stated in the Constitu- tionnel, a semi-official organ—will not oppose England’s taking possession of Greece; but-—- and here is the threat—of course all entente cor- diale would be at an end the moment England didao. This means that France would then be the. overt.enemy of England. Russia has such a claim to Greece pu we have to Mexico. Neither .can tolerate the. assump- tion of those weak governments by great and powerful nations. Russia cannot let England block up and command the Dead Sea, eee fact, ali of her southern commerce. We A; allow France to obtain a hold in Mexico and the consequent command of the Gulf. England, assuming the throne of Greece, would thereby draw upon herself the anger and opposition of the great Powers of Europe, who would forget their differences and jealcusies to join issue against England's encroachments. France, conquering Mexico and thereby ob- taining a foothold upon the American conti- nent, would become dangerous to us a8 & neighbor, intending to interfere with and em- barrass our movements; and the result would most likely be a making up of our family quar- rel and a joint attack upon the intruder, who, taking advantage of our intestine troubles, sneaks into dangerous proximity to our terri- tory. We should, North and South, alike feel the insult, and together we would punish the filibuster. Our forces joined would reach the enormous figure of a million and a half, com- posing the best troops in the world, while our navy would sweep that of France from the seas. How can Napoleon ILL. be blind to these certain results of his attempt to obtain a foot- hold upon this continent? Does he suppose that he can successfully contend against such & people as we ure, with a greater population than he reigns over, with resources which he cannot estimate, and with the advantage on our side of three thousand miles of seat We tan build a fleet while he would be constructing a frigate; wé can raise millions of men where he could scarcely find thousands; and what is more to the point, anda matter we re- commend to him for careful consideration, we can take him down from his throne and place thereon those princes who fought for the maintenance of our nationality. All this we can surely do; and yet this man, impelled by some sad fatality, is each day widening the breach which he made between us when he did not, as Spain and Eng. land did, accept the overtures of Mexico and re- tire from this continent. Napoleon prates to England about the equi- librium of the great Powers of Europe and the danger of its disturbance. We may, with equal propriety and with far more reason, call his attention to the equilibrium of our great Power, which he has already done so much to endan- ger, but which we will uphold and firmly esta- blish, and which will remain unshaken when time shall have passed its resistless waves over the fragile structure he has reared so suddenly All the dire consequences which Fraace predicts as the results of England’s encroachments shel must apply to herself as the inevitable resul! of her attempt to establish her power on this continent in a manner ¢o discreditable, hashing up, as she has done, claims known to be un- founded. Taking the two cases as they now stand, France certainly appears in a much worse light in her Mexican expedition than does England in ber attempt to seize upon the throne of Greece. Franve conquers her hold upon Mexico. England awaits the result of the vote of the Greeks. She, of course, in. trigues and buys; but at any rateshe does not take by main force. Mexico will vote with a hundred thousand bayonets at her throat; Greece will vote with her pockets full of bright gulden images of Victoria. In the one ease it is| a matter of brute force, in the other bribery! and false promises. France plays the role of highwayman towards Mexico; England gains! ever Greece on the confidence principle. The results of these schemes must be stupen. dous to the Old and the New World. Tho! one will plunge Burope into anarchy ait, confusion; the other will arouse the deep and determined auger of the Amorican people