The New York Herald Newspaper, November 19, 1862, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. | JAMES GORDON BENSETT. EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICEN. W. CORNER OF FOLTOS AND Nasga0 Sg, . Be, 320 | vs THIS EVENING, AGADEMY OF MUSIC. Irv La bivita DET Ragoisenro. WIBLO'S GARDE: BBPT— OLDEN Loo Place. —ItaLtas OrgRae | Away.—TOCKO—DITERTISSE- YiNG TRAPEZE. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway—Bosox Purenns. WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Fatay Cigcis—Macio Soue—inisn TERK, LAURA KEENB’S THEATRE. Broadway.—No Rest ror que Wioxko—CouLeen Baws Setreep, NEW BOWERY THEATRE. Bowery+Deara Pune Bupxskia—Rooseus oF TAs hikara. BOWERY THEATRE, bowery.—Jack Capz—Tox Twin BuorHeRs—Banvit oF Tue HLACK MINB. GERMAN OPERA HOUSE. 435 Broadway—Fipe.i0. BAKNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM. Broadway. —Esour- wav Ixpians—Coasovone Nutt, CoLoRED Tuoriaae Fisil, 4&0, at all hours. \ictox Nx, afternoon and evening. BRYANTS’ MINSTREJS’ Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad- way.—Erniorax Soxos. Boxksques, Dances, &c.—Hiat DY. OHRISTY'S OPERA HOUSE, 585 Broadway.— Erato ria Boras, Danoxs, &0.—BLack BLUN DKK, WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 5lé Broadway. —Ersiorran Bonas, Dayors, &¢.—UrHeL.0, PALACE Manistakus OF MUSIC. enth street, —CaMPaeLy's BuRiEsques. Mason Jowns' Lrorver. . Broadway.—Exmuition oF Treeeit's Cau GATETIES CONCERT HALL, 616 Broadway,—Duawina Boon Exrenrainsnyts, PARISIAN CABINET OF WON Open daily trom iv A. M. tit DERS, 563 Broadway, — We a , Brooklyn. -Eriorias * FATHER WILSON’S OLD FOLKS—Congreg Ohapei, Flushing, L New York, Wednesday, November 11), 1852. THE SITUATIO The Army of the Potomac is moving from its position near Warrenton towards Frederickshurg, sixty miles from Richmond. The line of march was taken up on Saturday and Sunday. Warren- ton was evacuated yesterday, and General Burn- side took up his headquarters at Catlett's Station. The most favorable basis of supplies wili douliess be. at Aquia Creek, which is only nine miles from Fredericksburg, and connected with it by a rail- road. It issaid that General Halleck is about to adopt the most rigid measures to enforce the return of absent officers to their commands. He is com- pelled to this course from the fact that nearly a thousand officers are now absent from daty with- out leave. If this be so the commanding gencral cannot be too stringent in any measures he may decide upon to bring the skulkers back to their duty, even te the dismissal of a large number of them, which, it is reported, will at once be re- sorted to. Our army correspondence contains highly in- teresting and graphic accounts of the advance movements of the several corp, which will put our readers in possession of the precise condition of our army, and as much of their intended objects as may be necessary to detail. In addition to other particulars we give to-day Captain Dahl. Gren’s report of the recent cavalry dash into Fredericksburg. Captain Ulric Dablgren is a young man, very recently past his twentieth year. In May last he assisted at the defence of Harper's Ferry, whea menaced by Gen. Stonewall Jackson, received Lonoyable mention in the report of Gen. Saxton, and was made a captain on the staf. Sinoe that time he has passed creditably through all the momentous events of General Pope’s cam- paign, and participated in the several battles which General Sigel and his corps took part in. The feat of travelling by night and day +0 | b far from our Jines, entering with sixty men a town w bere, by the subsequent admissions of the enemy, there were five companies of rebels, charging through the streets and overpowering the resistance offered, taking thi ine prisoners and | then éarrying off the pickets in another direc , shows a sagacity and cool resolution not often found in so youthful a soldier. News from Norfelk states that the rebel ram Merrimac No. 2is not yct fiuished, She lies in the stream, where the workmen were still busy with her a week ago. Her armament is not yet on board. The work of raiking the United States vessels sunk in Norfolk har- bor fs progressing favorably. .A few days since the frigate United States was raised, pumped out and towed to the Gosport Navy Yura. Pre- | parations are making to raise the sloop-of-war Cumberland and frigate Congress, sunk at the trance to James river. Op us rations are also ia progress for raising the line-of-bavii Dela- ware and Columbus, which are expected to be raised whole, and made agzin availiable for se We have received the official report of the bat- tle of Corinth, addressed by Gen. Rosecrans to | the War Department, all the facts of which, | however, we hove already taid before ourgeadere én these columns, Galiguani’s Messenger, of Varik, of the lst of November, says the brothers Cattabeue (one of | whom was implicated in the Parodi robbery) are aid to be forming at Turin « logion for America, with the authorization of the lialian government i Us NIWs, | Lewiston, Del., and | her crew abandoned her NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, NUVEMBEK 19, 1862. He bas promised all hia officers to meet them in Our Financial Resourees and the British America. Many of way to New York. are charged to the Consulate of the United States at Genoa. Probably the ocourrencea in Greece may change Garibaldi’s plans. The Volk Zeitung of Berlin states that quarrels from political causes are becoming frequent in that city. On Saturday, October 25, not fewer than three duels took place there between three artil- lery officers on one side and as many students on the other. The immediate cause of those moet- ings wasa discussion relative to tne late votes of the Chambers. A Turin letter of the 27th of October, in the Debats, says:--The events in Greece are the sub- ject of general conversation here, and the revolu- tion in that country is regarded with pleasure, as an idea, whether right or wrong, is entertained that a solution of the Italian question may possi- bly result from complications in the East, Re. ports are also in circulation that Prince Amedee, the second son of King Victor Emanuel, will be called to the throne of Greece bythe popular will. Madame Geffrard, wife of the President of the republic of Hayti, who is now in Paris, has pre- sented the Society of the Prince Imperial (a cha- ritable association) with a dovation of 1,000 france, ‘The bark Clara Rosa Sutil, Captain Scandella, arrived at this port yesterday, bringing advices trom Maracaibo to October 23. The revolution in Maracaibo continued. The town and bar were be- ing strongly fortitied. A fleet of five schooncrs and @ number of smaller craft were about the harbor. The government of Caraccas had five war schooners outside the bar, blockading. C tain Scandella managed to get out his v through the French Consul, who had gone down to the bar in order to getia @ French bark that was auchored outside. The bark Yeate was outside the bar, The ste gaye ee gunboat Wamsutta, which arrived a¢ Port Royal, on Monday ed her so severely that and went on board the gunboat. The May Queen was formerly named the Cinlere! The Union forces, consisting now of over seven hundred thousand men, are distributed and com- manded as follows:-~Gen. Burnside, with the whole Army of the Potomac, aided by He ntzel- man aud 1, isto take care of Richmond; Gen. Cox 's making a rapid march towards the Virginia and Yennessce Railroad; Gen, Peck and Gen. Fos- ter ave to look fier the Southern commu: tious of Richmond. Gen. Banks and Gen. I are to look in at some of the Southern ports new held by the rebels; Gen. Rosecrans is moving through Central Tennessee, Gen. Granger through Ken- tucky, Gen. Grant into sippi; Gen. Schofield defends Missouri, and Gen. Curtis is below him on the West side of the river; and Gen. McClernand will soon be on hig way down the Mississippi river. Sugar made from the new crop is beginning to arrive at New Orleans, The People’s Union organization met last even, ing at No.8 Union aguare, for the purpose of completing its organization and nominating candi- daics for city offices. Robt. I. Haws received the nomination for Comptroller by acclamation. After several ballots Judge Slosson was nominated for Corporation Counsel. ng The Board of Supervisors met at. three o'clock yesterday, the President, Mr. Purdy, in the chair. Snpervisor Tweed offered a resolution to the ef- fect that, as by the new Militia law the county of New York was obliged to pay one dollar per head for the enrolled militia who were not exempt and did not parade, and as about twenty-five thousand persous had filed their exemptious at the County Clerk's office, the names of all such be eras- ed, which would be @ saving of one dollar for each. The resolution was referred to the Com- mittee on Annual Taxes. A bill of Mr. Edwin James and Mr. Thomas Dunphy, amounting to $1,037 89, for services inthe Mary Real case, was | presented and referred. The Comptroller present- ed @ statement exhibiting the balance remaining unexpended at the close of last month on ac- count of each appropriation, which is as fol- lows:—Officers’ and witnesses’ fees, $15,000; sup- port of detained witnesses, $4,500~ total, $19,500; which the Comptroller recommended to be trans. ferred in the following manner:—County contin- scncies, $8,000; advertising, $2,000; lighting, oh ng and supplies to county offices, $7,000; Tepairs to county buildings, $2,500—totai, $19,500. i The suggestions of the Comptroller were adopted: after which the Board Adjourned to Tuesday next. Jn the Court of General Sessions yesterday, be- fore City Judge McCunn, Jokm Crawford, a private in Colonel Duryee’s regiment of Zouaves, was indicted for manslaughter in the second degree in causing the death of George A. Doherty on the 7th of October last. The prisoner met the de- ccased in the Old Bowery theatre and challenged him with being a deserter; a scuffle ensued be- tween them, during which the deceased received a stab in the left side, from the eflects of which he died ina short time, The case will be con. sl uded to-day. Ata meeting of the Board of Police Commis- sioners held on the 15th inst. charges were or- dered to be preferred agaiast Superintendent Kennedy, the specifications to be the allegations wet forth in the correspondence between S. L. M. Barlow and 8. Draper, Provost Marshal Gene- rl, already published in the Henatn, relative to Mrs. Brinemade. Charges have been mmde ac- © y, and the trial is get down for Thursday, ‘20th inst., at eleven o'clock A. M. The market for beef cattle remains substantial- ly as last week, and the range of quotations is un- changed. The receipts have been heavy, and had the offerings all been yarded on Monday the brokers ould undoubtedly have been compelled tomake some reduction in prices; but the offer. ings vd all day on Monday, and tho Inst arri- vals did not reach the yards before noon of yester- | day, in view of which the demand was quite ac- tive all through, and full prices were realized. The range was from 544. to 84. a9. The of. ferings mostly common, and gold from 5%. to 6{c., while good cattle went off freely at 714c. 25)40. Milch cows were #teady and unchanged, Veal calves were in moderate demand at 4c. ‘a 6c. bot with occasional gales ot 6%. Sheep and lambs were lese plenty, active and about 200, MISCELLANEO! The closing part of the Prince de Joinville's his tory of General MoClellan's operations on the peninsula, which we publish to-day, brings down the recital to the final retreat of the eneny from Malvern Hill, and concludes with some admirable teflections on the grievous resuite which would rise if the dissolution of the Union should un- fortunately be accompliehed, Beginning with the reasons which prevented the function of MeDow. ell's forces with those of General McClellan, the recital goes on forcibly to describe the porition of the ground om which the battle of Fair Oake wos | Tought, giving fall and interesting details of that bloody wattle. The terrible scenes on the various Hetue holds are described with all the force and powers phic pen, The causes of the retreat | From “1.\(0 Uunse, the indomitable bravery of the | Beveral dis \slovs of the army, the calm coolness of , the com aniog general, and the difficult retreat | Yo Harrison’ Landing, are all fully aud well de | willed, Tho Prince cloevs with some observations | ¢ the pores le Issue @f aa emancipation groola, | tien The Lndepen Belge of the 29th October we hag ‘ ‘i, soy that he Bas fal) e of his medical treat + 4 « » Kogload for @ hort Mie, Mud LE Nee provety dies! W AmcriCn, per head higher, ranging from $3 to $5 @ $6 50+ Extras sold as high as $8. Swine were active at 4c. & be. for heavy corn fed, 44¢. a 4M. for lightcorn fed, aud 3c. a 3%e. for stillfed. The total receipts for the week were 4,723 beeves, 03 cows, 865 veale, 10,091 sheep and lambs and 34,488 swine, , The stock market wae rather lower yesterday on the railway shares. Governments were firm Money was quiet at about 6 percent, Exchango was dull at abont 246, Gold fell to 18446, closing at 18134, The export of ‘be woek (produce and merchandise) was $3,780,000, A furtuer decided advance ju the price of cotton took Pince yesterday, under the influence of an active specu, lauive inquiry, Which resulted in 2,000 balerschanging | haude, opening St 68 jg0. and closing at 7c, for middling Witha Steady upward tendency. The salce of flour reaghed 19,000 bbis.; wheat, 155,000 bushels, and corn Press. expenses of the voyage We published yesterday an article from the London Post, the organ of the British Cabinet, in which the financial ruin of the United States is pictured in glowing colors. The article is founded on the fact that our currency is de- preciated, and that a paper dollar is only worth two-thirds of a dollar in gold. This seoms to us, and must seom to all im- partial men who understand the subject, to be a very inadequate basis on which to build such a fabric of financial disaster. The wish is father to the thought, and it is only from British enmity thet it could emanate, It is true that the blunders of the Secretary of tho Treasury have caused the immense depreciation of the currency, and have afforded a pretext for the misrepresentations of the English journal; but it is only from hostility to the American repub- lic and a total want of candor that it could be induced to draw such glaringly illogical con” clusions from the premises. There is nething in the condition of our finances to cause just alarm. So far from our resources being ewhausted by the war, they are scarcely touched. It is true the finances of the government have been sadly misman- aged; but the error is not of such a nature that it cannot be rectified. If, indeed, Secretary Chase had the power to persevere in his financial blunders, now made so palpable to the plain- est understanding ; if the President permitted him to do 60 to the end of the chapter, and did not put some abie financier in his place, made t some fine morning, or if Congress had neither the power nor the will to amend or re- peal the exploded financial scheme of the Secretary of the Treasury, then there might be some ground for the gloomy description of the London Post. But it is competent for Secre- tary Chase to review and revise his course, and to recommend to Congress “a change of base;”” or, if he is incapable of reform, and will not do this, the President can remove him ; or Con" gress can, of its own motion, immediately after its meeting on the first Monday of December, sweep away the irredeemable paper by making it convertible into twenty year bonds, restoring | the equilibrium of the currency by a return to specie payments, and by compelling the State banks to withdraw their circulation, permitting them to issue only the bills of the government, purchased at par by gold or United States interest bearing bonds of long date, to be de- posited at the Treasury Department. No coun” try can be on the verge of bankrupt¢y when it po: es such boundless financial resources as ours, and when by a dash of the pen ‘its na- tional legislature can repair the blunders and mismanagement of official incompetence. The way in which the balance of the national loan on seven-thirty bonds of three years: dating from October 1, 1861, was disposed of on Monday last, shows that the credit of the government is still unshaken, and that it is only from the form, and not the substance, that any difficulty has arisen. Proposals for this balance, amounting to $13,420,550, were advertised for by the Treasury Department, to be sent in on the 17th inst. It is the residue of $150,000,000 of bonds authorized by Congress, and it will meet the recent temporary loan raised in Wall street to pay an instalment of the debt due to the troops. The total amount of bids for this loan was $30,148,000. The surplus bids, there- fore, amounted to $16,728,000. The loan was taken by the successful bidders at an average premium of over three per cent. This show’ two things: first, that the credit of the govern- ment is as good as it ever was; second, it points out the right mode of obtaining and securing it. Had the loans been for twenty years, instead of three, the premium would have been doubled. The suc- cess of these bonds reveals the true plan of obviating the present temporary financial diffi- culties of the government and restoring the curreney to par. With the command of the sea for commerce with the world, with a vast internal trade, with flourishing native manufactures, and with the illimitable resources of a virgin soil of une- qualled fertility, any temporary failure in finance must necessarily spring from the blun- dering incapacity of the man at the head of the Treasury Department. Let not, therefore, the organ of the British government “lay “the flat- tering unction to its soul’’ that the condition of things produced by Mr. Chase is a measure of the financial capability of the country. In de- spite of the old fogyism of the Navy Depart- ment we have improvised a fleet which has elicited the astonishment of England, and has strickem terror into her statesmen. As sud- denly as Cadmus, who produced a couutless armed host by the sowing of dragon’s teeth, we have raised an army greater than any other of modern times—an army which, notwithstand- ing the demoralizing process throagh which it has been forced, the continued changing of its generals, and the interference with its move- ments by civilians who know nothing of mili- tary affairs, is still terrible to the enemy, and will soon give a good account of itself in the city of Richmond. The rapid organization of such vast forces by land and sea could ‘only be the result of immense resources, moral and physical, and no Power in Europe could ap- proach these stupendous preparations. All that is needed to complete success isto organize and apply our unfailing resources by land and sea till the Union flag waves over every stronghold from the Gulf to the lakes. If there be any failare, it never can be from lack of materia! means, but from eome moral and political obliquity which feils te properly develop and te direct them to the right end. Cextrat Park Reovcrations.--A few days since we noticed thg fact that carriages were allowed to circulate in the streets and in the drives of Central Park after night without bearing lights. We have since received a num- ber of communications upon the subject, and wowld advise our correspondents to address | themselvea directly to Mayor Opdyke and j the Park Commissioners. Among the com- | plaints made it is mentioned that due notice | is not given as to what hours of the night | carriages may pass through the Park. One of | our correspondents upon that, subject states that, whereas he has been allowed to pass through Central Park as late as ten and eleven o'clock at night, he was, a few‘ evenings since, 170,000 buehole, prices favoring sellers slightly. Mess stopped by a Park policeman as he was passing pork waa up to $1275 a$18,an@ in fair demaud, Poof wan quiet, Lerd dec!'ned a fraction, with sales of 1,699 pockeges. Of baon 1,40 boxes were sold at uniform through at nine o’clock, and ordered peremp- torily back to the place he bad entered at. He rates. Buiter and chess were active and buoyant, Rio | Jasly complains that notice is not given con- © fibo was {n good requert, us wore wieo evgure, tallow, | spiouonsly as to. the hours when the Park is fist, eqot copper, hay, cloverseed, hops, tohaceo, wos!, . hides, Iatha, leather, (fui aud whalobene, at, in the main, very full quotations, There was more cetivity im Biraits | tim end petobum, at @eedediy better prices. Trere Wat lens naludation, With mere Grinnene, if $40 frulght Darker. | open, and that policemen are not placed at or near the entrances to prevent ingress on the part of thote unaware that any regulations exist ! ae to when the Park may be entered. We P + | would suggest thyt a glam board be placed gt all entrances to the Park, giving due notice a8 | ‘The radicals got over this diffidulty, however, | their revenue—say ten per cent—to lighten the to all its rules and regulations, In such mat- ters the convenience and safety of the public are paramount considerations, and ample informa- tion their due. We would suggest that, for the convenience of the public, the Park be open at all hours—that its roads be free to all alike both day and night. The Army of the Potomac Onward, by Way of Fredericksburg. The Army of the Potomac has moved or is moving down from the neighborhood of War renton and the foot hills of the Blue Ridge chain of mountains to Fredericksburg, as its new base of operations. By turning to a map of Eastern Virginia, the military advantages af this “change of base” will be apparent to the reader. In advancing southward from Warren- ton the rear and both flanks of General Burn- side would be exposed to the hazards of rebel cavalry forays and surprises, involving the possible losses of valuable supply trains and depots of provisions. But, with hfs basé of op&ta* tions at Fredericksburg, his right commands an open country, and his left flank is completely protected by the Rappahannock—-a deep, navi- gable river—frow said city to the Chesapeake Bay. A great bend in the majestic Lower Potomac brings that river, too, within the im- mediate reach of Fredericksburg, the famous landing of Aquia creek being only nine miles north of the city, with which it is connected by a railroad. Thus the broad and deep Lower Potoraac, for nearly half the distance between Washing- ton and Richmond, becomes the direct, cheap, safe and commodious channel down which the supplies for General Burnside’s vast army will be transported to his principal depot at Aquia creek, which will be perfectly secure under cover of two or three gunboats. Thus, too, the inimense force which would be required to protect his railway communications to Wash- ington oa the Warrenton line of march may bo dispensed with by General Burnside, and the different detachments of his troops watching the passes of the Blae Ridge may now be con- centrated around Manassas Junction, Centre- ville, &e., into a powerful army, sufficient for all the contingencies of a possible attack from Stonewall Jackson in that direction. Indeed, with these additions to the reserves of General Sigel, he will be strong enough to cross over the Blue Ridge, if deemed expedient, and hunt Jackson out of the Shenandoah valley, or to cut him off from Richmond, if still lingering about Winchester. The late rains and snows have rendered the Upper Potomac an unfordable stream to infunt- ry, and not altogether safe for cavalry; so that, with Sigel’s reserves near Manassas, and the strong Union column in occupation of all the heights around Harper's Ferry, there fs very little to be feared from a rebel raid across into Marylaud or "Pennsylvania from any quarter. In the Virginia campaign of last spring, undei the general direction of the Se- eretay of Way, too much was attempted with the immediate forces at his command. The at- tempt was made, in conjunction with the ad- vance upon Richmond, to hold one hundred miles of the Shenandoah valley and all the vast intervening region between that valley and Fredericksburg. Hence the expulsion of Ge- neral Banks from the valley, and the successful tactics of Jackson in diverting a large Union force to recover it, while he was moving down, under cover of the mountains, his forty thou- aand men to tura the fortunee of war against us at Richmond. General Halleck, profiting from this costly experience, has wisely concluded that the occu. pation of the Shenandoah valley is a stumbling block to au advance upon Richmond, and not necessary to guard the rear of Washington; that this object can be much better attained by @ strong garrison at Harper's Ferry and an active and well appointed movable army eoluma between Leesburg and Manassas. Thus he gains forty or fifty thousand men who last spring were wasted in useless outside ope- rations, and he is relieved of the difficult and thankless task of establishing depots of army supplies at dtwant points of no military value, and liuble at any moment to capture by sudden raids of the well informed enemy. Fredericksburg is distant only sixty miles from Richmond, over a generally level er softly uudulating sandy country. Qver the railroad and numerous parallel common highways of this intervening region we have no doubt that the difficulties of army transportation will be much less from this time till March next than they were in April, May and June last in ihe Richmond peninsula; for the heavy and numerous rains of last spring and summer in that peninsula are without a precedent, we dare say, in the records of fifty years. We con- clude, therefore, that General Burnside’s army will not go into winter quarters this side of Richmond, and for the very good reason, among others, that during the winter, when the low grounds are frozen over, the roads in Eastern Virginia are Wetter for army purposes than under the thaws and rains of spring. Nor do ‘we suppose that the whole business of this ad- vance upon Richmond will devolve upon the army of General Burnside In his favor we have now the command of the James river tv Fort Darling, and of the York river, includiag Yorktown and Williamsburg, and the men and means for a co operating land and naval force by these two streams equal to an army of a hundred thousaad men. In every point of view the present move- ments for Richmond are immeasurably stronger and better organized than those of last spring, while many of the most serious obstacles to the advance of General McClellan are removed and turned into positive advantages, including the of the James river and the fortifica- ions of Yorktown, and the absence of the deadly summer malaria of that peninsula A winter campaign is the very thing for Rich- mond. Rapicit Jovrnatism Assistina 11% Reowss.—— It is said that our military authorities have de- termined to change their base of operations, The radioal journalists have also determined to lot the rebels know all about the movement. Therefore we already find the intelligence of this important change in our military pro- gramme announced in all the radical organs far and near. The war would be over too soon for the radicals if the rebels were kept in igno- rance of our plans. There is nothing like post- ing up the rebels in order to prolong the war. If Burnside, Banks, Grant, Rosecrans, Curtis and our other generals are not very careful they will find that the revels know all about their orders before they have been officially promulgated to our own soldiers.. One of Mc- Clelian’s gieat faults; in the radical point of View, wos that he bopt silent -abgut bis nlaug, by insisting that he never had any plans. The rebels, who are not foolish enough to ascribe their defeats to chance, used to think very differently about the mat- ter. Now-adays they learn the plans of our generals in time to thwart them; and nobody now says thaé we have no plans; for everybody knows what our plans are. This is bad for the army and the country, but excel- lent for the radicals. Loyalty is below par with the abolition organs. Sometimes one of their correspondents is arrested; but he is very soon again at liberty, publishing all he knows. If a paper like the Hexarp refuses to divulge information of value to the enemy, it is laughed at for its pains and patriotism. By and by, perhaps, we shall learn enough of the | into blooming gardons. With the advantages ~ art of war not to tell our enemies what we intend to do, and not to teach them how to defeat us. McClellan's Pe lar Campaign—Tho History by the Prince de Joinville. We publish to-day the conclusion of the clear, succinct and impartial history of Mo- Clellan’s peninsular campaign from the fruitful pen of an eye witness of those memorable scenes. Following so closely upon the removal of that distinguished officer from the chief com- mand of our armies in the field, this masterly recital—which is an unanswerable defence of his actions—will present more than ordinary interest to the American reader. The Prince de Joinville, as well as the Count de Paris and the Duke de Chartres, accompanied General McClellan all through his magnificent’ cam- paign, and the testimony which they now unani- mously bear to his skill and capacity as a great leader must forever close the mouths of his most violent traducers. Having been personal witnesses of all these occurrences, their testi- mony is of the highest importance. The campaign of the Virginia peninsula will stand forth in the history of the future as one of the most extraordinary exploits in the mili- tary history of ancient or modern times; and the splendid retreat of the federal army, sur- rounded as it was by the most appalling natural difficulties, and threatened on all sides by two armies, each superior to it in numerical strength, in the very heart of an unfriondiy and rebel- lious country, will rank the name of McClellan among the greatest generals of this or any other age. That the army did not escape alto- gether unscathed is not strange; for, a5 the his- torian of the expedition sagely remarks, there is no army in the world that could have performed na Aghievement without | Serious loss. When Genera} MoClelian first set out on his march against the rebel danital be had no doubt of complete success. Ulterior cir- cumstances prevented the full accomplishment of his plans ; but every one who carefiilly reads this graphic account of the campaign must confess that of all men he has been the least to blame for the failure of the original design. The reasons that prevented his early success are threefold. First, we,have the stupidity of the naval commander, who would not under- take the task of attacking and destroying the enemy’s iron-clad vessels and river batteries— a@ work that might easily have been ac- complished by the exercise of ordinary skill and determination. Next we have the inter. ference in the military plans at Washington; and, lastly, the inundating rains, flooding the whole country and destroying the roads so completely that the army could only slowly advance by the erection of corduroy roads under circumstances of the greatest difficulty. But, great as were these unforeseen difficulties, General MgClellan would have overcome them and carried out his purpose had it not been for the schemes of politicians and the machinations of his political enemies at home. The necessity fora regular siege of Yorktown only became apparent when the corps of McDowell was withdrawn from McClellaa’s command and the Merrimac continued a terror to Com- modore Goldsborough. If that admirable corps of McDowell had arrived, as the commander had designed and had a right to expect, York- town would have been captared almost toa certainty, and the rebel army all but anaihi- lated. The withdrawal of that corps, in the words of the Prince de Joinville, “destroyed every plan;” and hence the siege of Yorktown, the evacuation of that place by the rebels, the battles of Fair Oaks and Williamsburg, the disastrous retreat from White Houce and the sanguinary battles of the sevon days. The engineering difficultics overcome py McCletlan during this campaign are not among the least of his triumphs. The solid bridges which he designed and threw across tho Chicka- hominy, connecting and uniting his divided army, an undertaking which the best en- gineers regarded as next to impossible; the plank roads whieh he caused to be built with magical rapidity, in the midst of an interminable swamp; the impregnable fortitications ho erected, and the skill he everywhere showed in bafiling and deceiving his powerful antagonists, stamp him as one of the first military chici tains and engineers of the day. As General McClellan said himself, on taking leave of the | soldiers he had reared and trained, “Iistory will do justice tothe Army of the Potomac if the present generation does not.” We commend this brief history of the cam- puign to every one who would understand the causes of the failure to take Richmond. Skill, bravery, science and soldierly excellence were ready to accomplish the work. Political in- trigue and natural difficulties rendered them abortive. Resources or Laxor Orriwe—Waste oF Means in New Yors.—There is no city in the world that derives less advantege from its re- sources, as regards the alleviation of its muni. cipal burdens, than New York. Although its taxes are yearly increasing at a fearful rate, we make presents of franchises to corporations and individuals, and neglect obvious sources of revenue that would help to restrain, if they did not altogether arrest, this rapid accumulation of burdens. Let us take, for example, the seven or eight city railroads that are now in operation. These are earning, at the lowest estimate, an an- nual revenue of a million or two of dollars, and returning large dividends to their stockholders In every instance their charters have been ob- tained gratuitously, and with scarcely a dollar of benefit to the city. This should not be. These railroad privileges belong, of right, to the Cor- poration, and, taking into account the vast pe- caniary benefits which they confer, should not de parted with without @ proper consideration. This latter observation, of course, now only ap- pliee to such grants as maybe made in the future; but there is no reason whatever why the existing city railroad companies should not be made to pay 9 reasonable onnual tax ugon weight of our municipal burdens, The same principle should be applied to the ferries. The revenue from the leases granted by the Corporation to the different ferry companies and to individuals amounts an- nualiy to about « million of dollars, which should be made to contribute an equal share to the relief of our citizens from taxation, Then there is another source of income which lies neglected and fal- low, which might he made to return at least another quarter of a million annually, We allude to the garbage and filth of the city, which, carefully separated from ashes, could be turned into excellent manure, with which the sandy flats of Long Island might be converted of river depots aud water-conveyance that we possess, the neglect of such a productive fortil- izer ag the manure that eguld be thus dis- tributed is not only wasteful, but criminal. It becomes doubly so when we consider that a large annual revenue is lost by this neglect to the city, which might either be applied to the reduction of our taxes or to public improve- ments, such as the replacing the present-old wooden piers and wharves by stone construe- tions, which in the course of a few years would encircle New York with tho finest accommoda- tions of this kind to be found anywhere. If there be a chance of our having an honest Legislature, or atleast an improvement upon the last, it is to be hoped that the suggea- tions thus thrown out will be taken Into consi- deration and acted upon. Power should be given to the Corporation to impose a tax upon all existing companies deriving their franchises from the city, and it should be compelled for the future to make no grant ef this kind with- oat putting it up te auction, and selling it te the highest bidder. In this way the weight of municipal taxation may? be very much lighten- ed, and works undertaken for the permanent improvement and benefit of the city. The Great Preparatory Contest Between Iron-Clads, Tke French and English governments are vieing with each other in the construe- tion of iron-clad men-of-war. This rivalry has assumed greater proportions since the oom” bat of the liltle Monitor and the Merrimag startled those nations into the conviction that their former productions in the way of armored vessels were, to. say the least, but illy fitted to compete with such an engine of destruction as the Monitor. France and England were para- lyzed for the moment upon receipt of the news of the struggle above referred to, and then they began vonstructing war vestels upon new plahg. Th@ Frencu, after mature delibération, invented something which taey deem . cible. The Magenta, the vessel in que! a’ ahuge iron-clad of the dimensions of an ore dinary eighty-four gun ship. She is pierced with forty portholes on each side, these same being much smaller than usual, Near the smokepipe isa bali-proof turret, in: which the officers on duty may take refuge an ep. gagement. The vesvel is so constructed that her bow forms an immense ratii, a huge, form ble weapon. The plates are unusually and the cannon of great calibre. The objection to be made to thé Magenta is her height out of water and the fact that her sides must necos- sarily be weakened from the number of port- holes which offer an egtragce to an enemys shot, and render the ship loss able to rogist such ordnance as our iron-clads are to gary. The huge high sides of the Magenta wotd smash like pastebeard when struck with a shot from one of our fifteen-inch guns, A ball weighy ing four or five hundred pounds would pass through her, dealing death and destruction as surely as it entered one of her open ports. The English have committed the same errorg Like the French, they have constructed huge iron- clads, the latest of which—the Caledgnia—was launched a few weeks since at Woolwich. Like the Magenta, she is high out of the water, and affords too much of a mark to an enemy’s shot. Those huge sides may be strongly plated; byt they would smash and break when strack by one of the Passaic’s five hundred pound shot. Both of the vessels above named are merely plated on the sides, and might be easily destroy- ed by hot shot fulling on the decks. One thing is positive: they are not fully secured, ag our iroa-clads are, from ehot, and cannot be termed invulnerable. A contrast between those vem sels and our plated men-of-war is clearly in our favor. The wonderful success of the great guns fired within the turrets of the Passaic gives ler an incalculable advantage over all vessels of the kind. It is evident that our Monitor is not @ vels, sel calculated for encountering the winter gales at sea; but the vessels now under construction—those immense seven thousand tons Ericssou improved Monitors—are to be yea- worthy, and will be armed with rams and carry cannen of a calibre unknown in Europe. The Magenta and Caledonia could never contend with such vessels, and France and England must try again ere they succeed in making even an approach to our iron-clads, It is a matter of doubt as yet whether those French and English vessola are uny more seaworthy than our Monitor. We have all heard of the results of the Warrior’s trip to Lisbon, and how she came back leaking and in danger of foundering at each moment, The Normandie has, itis true, crossed the Atlantic; but she did so in latitudes where gales are almost unknown, and was so fortunate as to escape any bad weather; and even then the voyage was deemed a dangerous one, and her officers reported unfavorably upon her seagoing qualities. The Gloire has made | some experimental trips in the Mediterranean; but she is not deemed an entire success by the French Navy Department, whatover the French Journals may state to that effect. We may safely conclude that as yet we rank | far ahead of the Powers of Europe as regards naval foree; and we dare assert that when, ina’ few months, our new iron-clads are ready for action, all talk of intervention will become @— thing of the past. Geveras, Banks Tetts Waere He Is Gowa— To conversation with an officer a day or two since General Banks made known the destina+ tion of his expedition. “I see, General,” said the officer, “that the papers say you are going © to Texas,” “Well,” replied the General, after & moment’ hesitation, “well, J am going— South.” ACADEMY OF MUsi0,—This evening Lays oaged oe sche ag wn tho ‘‘Fighia ai Reggimento,’ ae epurva hi nee sive os paabed adventure whic nearly ted te hor arrest in Venice, and which; owing to the enthusiasm with which she was received by the Milanoss, she Was compelied t» repeat cight times iq succession, Tie character is said 10 be eue of Let bost, gud 8 fooly omgraved portratt Of ber ta \t obtained gous al cugpongy in Yay alver the tnoident in wuestion, TT