The New York Herald Newspaper, July 21, 1862, Page 4

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4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, OFFICEN. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU 8T3, TERMS cash in actvance. Money sont dy mail will be at the risk a/ the sender. None tut Bunk bills curvent in New York THE DAILY BERALD. too cents per copy. ST ver annem. THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturdsy, ob #2 copy, Sipe momen: the European Réition tery We copy; aan (0 « yp 9F reat Fs Lg od dear emt, Boch ai on the Ist, ne ana Tisif ackesel chee “Tis i a on Wednesday, at fowr conte ver NIBLO'S GARDBN, Broadway.—Tus Couusex Bawx. ‘ALLACK’S THEATRE. No, 84 Rroadway.—Inise fee ittese Coommante=Bissiay Tux Banon—Miscuinv- os ANNIR, WINTER GARDEN, Broad quant oF Venice —Pabpr Mists” NEW BOWERY THEATRE. B YAR, Bonen —lete amp Ap Veurvnss oF Jaox Suxrranp—Lost zoe Corrox—Mzn- NIXON'S CREMORNE GARDEN, Fourteenth street and , PRomexape C« = meen Cran, BAkams }ONCERT AND AMERICAN HUSRUM, Brain isan Svar 4 Fancy, afternoon and evening. CHRISTY'S OPERA HOUSE, 585 Broadway.—Ermiorian Bonas, Dances, Detesten Loree roves: MINSTREL HALL, 514 Broad: Era Sonas, Daxces, £0.—Fiat Foor Janu. ‘ad a Rrroqooor's THEATRE AND be ad HALL, Canal trest.—Soxas, Daxces, BuaLusquns, & GATETTES CONCE HALL, Gl 94 HALL, 616 Brosdway.<Daiwine PEOPLE'S MUSIC BTZOPLE'S MUSIC HALL, 45 Bowery.mSonas, Dancxs, PARISIAN CABINET OF WON: - ‘@pen daily from 10 A. M, ull 10 P. mane ene os ——— New York, Monday, July 21, 1862. = == rs ee THE SITUATION. Gen. Dix went up the James river as far as Tur- key Island creek on Thursday evening, on a flag of truce boat, to have an interview with the rebel Genera! Hill, for the purpose of making 3 perma- nent exchange of prisoners. The interview is re- ported to have been quite satisfactory; but as no definite conclusion was come to, the flag boat was to return the next day, when Gen. Lee was to be present at the conference. What the result of this final interview will be remains to be seen. Our correspondence from Warrenton, Ya., rela. tive to the operations of General Pope's army, will be found very interesting to-day, descriptive of the movements of General Sigel’s corps, and the march from Middletown to Sperryville. i Information comes from rebel sources exclu- sively that the fron-clad ram Arkansas, belong- ing to the rebels, came out of the Yazoo river on the 15th inst., and ran through the Union fleet above Vicksburg, anchoring under the batteries @tthat city. It is reported that ‘she ran down some of our vessels. She is said, however, to have been badly cut up before effecting her pas- sage through our fleet. These facta come from the Memphis Appeal, which journal also an- nounces the death of Gencral Dayid E. Twiggs, at Auguste, Ga.,a fact published in the Rich- mond papers of the 18th inst. A sketch of Gene- ral Twiggs will be found in another column, to- ®ether with the correspondence of General Butler with the President, relative to the swerds pre- sented to the late rebel general by the United States Cougress, the State of Georgia, and the city of Augusta. 4 We give additional particulars from New Orleans fo our columns to-day, from the jonrnals of that city, which, in connection with the corressondence published yesterday, will give our readers a com- plete history of the progress of events in that re- gion. The Richmond papers of the 18th contain a de- spatch from Jackson, Mississippi, dated July 14, ‘Btating that the rebel General Hindman had cap- tured General Curtis, with 8,000 men, and that the Union officers had been detained, but the men pa- roled. This report is plainlya canard to mislead the people of the South, for we have intelligence direct from our own correspondent, as we stated some days ago, to the effect that General Curtis’ advance guard was at Helena, on the Mississipp; river, on the 12th, and the n body within a few miles of that place. Some plansibility, however, might have been attached to the statement of the rebel general, it bearing a later date, but from the fact that the following despatch had previously been circulated throughout the South:— Grrxana, Saly 10, 1862 Pageenyors from Memph: ‘was received there Monday bad captured Cartis, in Ari prisoners. Colonel Fitch bei to leach Curtis ‘with reinforcements, returned to Memphis with bis com- mand on Sunday. As General Curtis’ forces were at and near He- lena on the 12th, this despatch is certainly untrue; end that of the 14th has no stronger basis for be- lief, it being but @ repetition of the Grenada story. The North American, off Cape Race, tele- graphs European news to the 1lth of July, one day later. The Etna, passing Newfound- land on the 24 of July, on her voyage eastward, must have received despatches from the United States containing reports of the late severe fighting before Richmond, and even of the withdrawal of the right wing of General Mc- Clellan’s army, for it is stated that the London journals had commented on the facts. The Etna was off Cape Race at five o’olock in the evening of the 24 of July, and the news yacht of the press placed on board of her news, advices and “private telegrams,” from New York, dated on Monlay and Tuesday, the 30th of June and lst of July. These advices, therefore, must haye given an outline of the facts to the English people. ‘The English papers did not attach much im- portance to the movement on either side, but fared that the rebel dash would have the effect of ~ the war. The London Ties says that 1 McClellan’s strategy is‘ purely unintelli- gible." We have no report of the arrival out of the China, with Lord Iyons on board. She sailed from New York on the 2d of July for Queenstown and Liverpool ‘The Viceroy of Egypt promises @ large supply of cotton to ‘onehester men next year, Adw a ¢ re and General Forey, of France, wer embark for Mexico, a LANEOUS NEWS, The North A om donde ith of J H Quvruing 06 ber svyage bo Yaebeg, A By uvpsis of her news, telegraphed from St. Johns, New- foundland, was published in the Henaup yesterday (Sunday) morning, and the details are given to- day. The advices are one day later than the re port of the City of Washington, off the same peint. The Liverpool cotton market had experienced a reaction, in consequence of heavy shipments at Bombay, and Surats declined from three-fourths to one penny. Breadstuifs were upward. The pro- vision market still ruled dull. Consols closed in London at 9234 a 9234. The Prince of Wales was about to visit Russia in the royal yacht. The King of Portugal had an- nounced his approaching marriage to a daughter of Victor Emanuel, The proceedings of the Eng- lish Parliament on the 10th instant were not im- portant. ‘The stock market was goneraily better on Saturday, with the exception of governments. United States sixes of 1881 fell to 9634, but rallied afterward to about 98 ¢ 299. Money was abundant at & per cent. Exchange closed at 13034 = 131; gold at 110% bid. The export of the day was slightly over a million, The cotton market was somewhat leas buoyant ana &c- tive on Saturday, as usual on the last day of the week. The sales embraced 100 bales, closing on tho basis of 40c3{. a 50c, per pound for middling uplands. The flour market was heavy, and for inferior and common grades im some cases from 5c. to 100. lower, while sales were leas active. Wheat was some less active, and prices, espe- cially for common and médium grades, were lc. a 2c. per bushel lower. Corn partook of the general dulness, and @losed at easier rates, Pork was unchanged, and the demand was moderate, while the sales included mess at $11, and small lots of heavy do. at 118%, and $7 foe 3s $0 for prime. Lard was firm and in good req ‘Sugars were active and in good demand, with sales of 1,700 bhds. at full prices. Coffee was firm, with limited sales. Freights were rather easior. Wheat was engaged for Liverpool, in bulk and bags, at Je. a a 1shid and flour at 8a. 6d. ‘To London flour The Conservative Position of the Border Slave States. There can be little doubt that the respectful, loyal and logical reply of the majority of the members of the border slave States to the President on the question of the gradual eman- cipation of the negro in the Southern States, upon condition of receiving from the federal government a reasonable compensation, ex- presses the general sentiment of the border States, as indeed it does of the conservative element of the North, upon which depends the restoration of a dismembered Union. It is temperate, calm and statesmanlike, aud pre- sents a striking contrast to the wild rant of the crazy fanatics who, for the last seven or eight months, have converted the halls of Congress into a lunatic asylum. The border States representatives show that. the proposition of the President, not having been adopted by Congress in a legislative form by voting an appropriation, becomes the mere utterance of a sentiment. Congress endorsed the resolution submitied by the President, but failed to give it practical effect. The good in- tention of the President is, therefore, baffled by @ dishonest Congress, which, by aside wind, would rob the people of the border States of their property in slaves guaranteed by the con- stitution. To test the sincerity of Congress, a member from Kentucky offered a resolution appropri- ating half a million of dollars,to be applied, as far as the money would go, to those who might be the first to accept remuneration for the sacrifice of their properiy in negro slaves: This motion was voted down with great unanimity. What, then, would the same Congress have done, if it had been proposed to appropriate sizteen hundred millions of dollars, the value of the slaves of the whole South, on ihe very lowest computation? What would these men have done if some member had proposed that even $478,678,133—the value of the slaves in the border States—should be set apart for the purpose indicated by the President? They would laugh the proposition to scorn. It was therefore right and proper that the border Siates representatives should not lend them- selves to the agitation of an abstract question an element of discord among their constituents, which was calculated to be an entering wedge in their cherished institution, and might mate rially damage their interests without any com- pensating advantage. “The interest they are asked to give up is to them of Immense import- ance, and they ought not to be expected even to entertain the proposal until they are assured that when they accept it their just expectations will not be frustrated.” Could anything be more reasonable than this ? Before the people of the Norih thonght Pi per to aboiish slavery in their respec States, was it ever proposed to them by the federal government that they should do so, or would such a@ proposition be likely to hasten the consummation, particularly if it had not been accompanied by an appropriation from the federal treasury to compensate them for the sacrifice? Are the people of the border States, who have already suffered so much by thei territory being made the te ground in th war, to make other sacrifices of an extraordi- nary nature, in which the population of the loyal States will not share? Instead of impo ing such additional burdens upon them they ought to be dealt with more tenderly and leni ently than any other States in the Union. To the people of the Northern States the war a yet has been but a distant matter. The people of the border slave States have experienced all its horrérs, and iostead of asking them to despoil themselves of their property for the common benefit, it would be more jnst that the free States should bear the whole burden. But if the border States should s0 impoverish themselves, what would be the effect?’ Nothing whatever would be accomplished towards the putting down of the rebellion. The cotton States would not accept the offer, and where would be the advantage? But even if all the Southern Mates accepted it, what then? Had such a proposition been made in time, and ac- cepted in licu of war, the country might have borne it; but added now to the enormous bur- dens incurred by the war it would be intolera- ble. The proposition, in the present distressed condition of the country, would be “nothing less than the deportation from the country of sixteen bundred million dollars worth of pro- ducing labor, and the substitution in its place of an interest bearing debt of the same amount.” Finally, the border States representatives demonstrate that it is not their constituents who have stood in the way of the success of the war. On the contrary, if is the fanaticism of the North which has A fo fed the wholo peo- ple of the cotton States—those who are seces- sionists per se, who seek for separation indepen- dently of the slavery question, and the far larger olass who are fighting, as thoy suppose, to preserve their rights of property and their domestic enfety, which Congress and the radical press have led them to believe are to be end by the Norther ed to tho bitter ‘As long os these the border Sta Lever asHeL Lo & peaye, two classan ac er,” say “they will ‘Ve yeliy ve @* repres — NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JULY 41, 1862. pursued is therefore evident: detach from the extreme secessionists all those who fear for their homes and firesides and the security of their property; remove their apprehensions by carrying on the war only for constitutional objects, and by waging it in a constitutional manner, and the South will immediately be- come divided. A house divided against itself cannot stand. Twelve months ago both houses of Congress, in response to the President’s mes- sage, adopted a resolution defining the objects of the war, which were constitutional and le- gitimate. By the sinister influence and insane counsels of the radicals, this programme has been departed from, and the sad results are union at the South, division and apathy at the North, and disastrous reverses to our arms. Let the people therefore throughout the Northern States take up the manifesto of the border States representatives as the basia of their political ac- tion. Let it be the great issue in every State election, and let an uncompromising war be waged against the radicals and abolitionists. Delenda est Carthago. ‘Thus alone will the war be made successful and peace and the Union restored. The Confiscation Bill and tho Radical Press. Now that the radicals are fairly baffled by the bold and patriotic course of the President, their organs, particularly the Tribune, are try- ing to break the fall of their defeat by pretend- ing that the negroes may now be employed in war—that is, as fighting men. It is true, they may now be so employed, and it is equally true that they might have been organized into regi- ments from the beginning. There was nothing in the constitution or laws to have prevented the President from adopting this course. He had the power: that he did not exercise it was because he concluded, with St, Paul, that all things which are lawful are not expedient. Mr, Lineoln wants to save the border slave States to the Union. The radicals want to drive them out. The bill does not compel him to employ the negroes: if it did he would have vetoed it at once. It merely gives him a discretion which he had before as Commander-in-Chief. He will no doubt, use that discretion as he did before the passage of the bill in the army of General McClellan, by employing the negroes in the trenches, and thus saving the troops; but he will not put armsin the hands of the blacks for many reasons. First, to do so would be disgraceful in the eyes of the civilized world, if, being more than two to one in white men, we could not whip the Southern rebels without the aid of blacks. Secondly, it, would more thoroughly unite the white men of the South against the govern- ment, Thirdly, it would inaugurate a servile insur- rection, and a conflict of races ‘in which the poor negro nmst perish without any fault of his own. Stolid as the African is he must sce that extermination is his doom if he turns bis hand against his Southern master wheu he is outnumbered more than two to one and has ng arms. In St. Domingo the case was different? for there the black race far outnumbered the whites. Yet the abolition donkeys cannot see the difference. and are driving matters to that point at which, if they should provesuccessful, must be sacrificed the whole negro race for whom they profess so much philanthropy. The utter extinction of the blacks, with bloody maseacres of white women and children, would be the tragical result. The recent riots in the West are ominous of the fate of the negro in the event of a collision. A more sweeping destruction than that of the Indians would be his inevitable doom. Fourthly, to arm the negroes on the side o¢ the federal government would be to array at least ten blacks to one on the other side, andthe Union arms would decidedly lose by that policy. Hitherto the negroes at the South, with few exceptions, have shown no dis” position to back the Northern white man against the Southern white man. They cannot appreciate the freedom which we can afford. to give them; and, in truth, they would be better of in every way in the mild servitnde of Christian masters—which gives them rights if it exacts labor—than in the mock freedom of a system which would compel them to work for rious living, and yet secure them no cer- , while they would enjoy no politi- cal or social privileges whatever. Fifthly, our President knows that the whiie race of the North will never consent to have biscly their political equals. Massachusetts alone has admitted them to a _ level Souiely, but with such a reservation socially as only renders the position of the negro like that of Tantalus in the infernal regions—ever parched with thirst, while cooling streams and delicious fruits seem within hi yet elude his grasp as soon as he p forth bis hand to partake of them. The course of Dlivois, which excludes them from its bor ders, niay Le regarded as the almost uniy sentiment of the North. The blacks are morc happy and contented in the Southern system of slavery than they can ever be under the illu sory name of @ falee and treacherous freedom which meane nothing good for them. They can have no political rights at the North, and therefore it would be unjust to ask them to risk their lives for white men. Lastly, even if they were permitted to arm. one white man would be at least Fequal to three of them. It would, therefore, be a waste of arms, ammunition, provisions and resources to organize blacks while we have more white men than we can ever need who are able and willing to fight for the restoration of the Union. But in the trenches and as laborers generally for the army the blacks are most valuable, and as such they ought to be employed, and get their “freedom” if they desire it. No doubt they will be sq employed, as they have hereto- fore been, by order of the President, whenever it is practicable and judicious to do so, and that without any reference to the bjll of Congress, which is a nullity, and has no more legal or constitutional effect than if an act were passed that the Presiden nf might eat three meals every day in the week and sleep from six to eight hours out of the twenty-four. If all the aboli- tionists and Wide Awakes, who a short time ago made such # fuss with their nocturnal pro- céssions and lanterns, would now come for. ward in the light of day and shoulder a musket and stép forward to the music of the “Star Spangled Banner,” there would be no necessity for the aid of negroes. It is evident that the democrats and conservatives of the country are al doing the real marching and fighting in the war. Apvses or Tits Ft wm IN THe ARMY Great complaints are being made of the con od absence of a great number of oteers ana | aairws om fyylough, wy rwituehundingg dhe dys ° ee. calls which have been made for their immediate return to the army. It is high time that a step should be put to this disgraceful system of skulking. Som@ few there are, undoubtedly, whose absence on furlough is a 5 but the greater part of them ey a on idle and unjustifiable , who have procured furloughs, as it is rumored, by the in- fluence of members of Congress and the pressure of powerful friends, for the mere purpose of shirking the hardships of camp life. General Pope has at length issued an ordef commanding the return of all absentees within a fixed period; after which, if they do not return to their duties in the field, they will be court martialled. This is a step taken in the right di” rection, and we hope it will be carried out ener. getically, and the example followed by all our other commanders. This is not a time for offi- cers or men to be absent from their posts. The country, at this great crisis of our history, ex. pects every man to do his duty. We would suggest that a complete list of absentees be made out and published in all the newspapers throughout the country. Shame sometimes works reformation. The New Conservative Policy of the Gov- ernment. Unity of sentiment and action is the secret of success, The divisions of opinion at the North in regard to the object and the manner of conducting this war have occasioned unneces- sary expenditures of men and means, unneces- sary repulses of our armies and an unnecessary prolongation of the conflict. The government has been endeavoring to reconcile the loyal conservatives and the radical abolitionists, and has attempted to make its policy acceptable to both these parties. In his address to the bor- der State representatives the President states that, by his repudiation of Hunter's proclama- tion, he “gave dissatisfaction, if not offence, to many whose support’ the country cannot afford to lose;” and, he adds, “but this is not the end of it; the pressure in this direction is still upon me and fs increasing. By conceding what I now ask, you can relieve me, and, much more, can relieve the couniry in this important point.” In other words. the President says that, in repudiating Hunter to gratify the conserva- tives, he offended the abolitionists, who then pressed him to repudiate his repudiation, and that he now asked the conservatives to adopt the gradual emancipation policy in order to gratify the abolitionists. We conceive that we have here revealed, in a very few words: that mistaken and indecisive policy of the gov- ernment which has neutralized our advantages, weakened the country and resulted in nothing but disasters. We hope that in the President’s veto of the ultra Confiscation bill, in the Presi- dent’s conference with the border Staies men, and in the President's selection of General Halleck as his military adviser, we have pledges that this vain attempt to satisfy both parties and to conduct the war.with a divided North has been forever relinquished. In times of peace bargaining and compro” mising may carry on the government smoothly" In times of war, however, great principles alone must be consulted as rules of action. If-| this war were a mere political affair, the gov- ernment might settle it by making a bargain between the conservatives and tlie abolitionists, issuing proclamations ‘to suit each faction by turns, vetoing the bills passed by each party by turns, and alternately siding with each clique, so as constantly to preserve the equi- poise of power. But thia is not a political con- test: it is a rebellion, a revolution, a civil war, a terrible national crisis, which must be settled not by bargains, but upon principle; not by intrigues, but by force; not by parties, but by armies; not by Wallots, but by bullets. In a civil war, as in religion, no man and no government can serve two masters. It is im- possible to save the Union for the conserva- tives and destroy the Union for the abolitionists atthe same time. The government mnet have what it has yet lacked—a fixed principle of action. The people must be told whether we are fighting for the Union or to abolish slavery. The Union onght to be the sole object of the war. Abolition clunor should be either hushed or disregarded. In 1912 President Madison saved the country by disregarding the peace remon* strances of such gatherings as the Havtford Convoniion. President Jackson saved the Union by vefusing to parley with nullitica- tionisis, leaving compromises to Congress President Buchanan bronght on this war by ignoring these precedents and en- deavoring to preserve the Union aud satisfy South Curolina secessionists, and he succeeded in doing neither. The present administration has treated the abolitionists just as Buchanan treated the sec indefinite prolongation of the war. If the ad- ministration had regarded the abolitionists with indifference, as Madison did the peace men, or erushed them with severity, as Jackson did the nullifers, the war would have been over months ago, and the President would have been red all the tisfaction and offence,” ali ing pressure upon bi and all gi of asking concessions “to relieve the connigy, of which he has sorrowfully spoken. As the reason for this indecisive policy of the administration, the President says that the abo- lition faction comprises “many whose support (he country cannot afford to lo: There never was a gadder mistake than this. The country can afford to lose the support of every man who prefers the negro to the Union. The abolitionists are ¢o small, though, so noisy a faction, that the country would not iniss them ifevery one of them were hung. Their only services to the country consist in the “pressure upon him” of which the President speaks. The abolition party does not number one-tenth of the people of the loyal States. The abolition- ists in the army and navy are so few and far between that they are never heard of. Even in the Massachusetts regiments the conservatives largely predominate. The “support” of the abolitionists is 4 felusign, They talk much, ney Write much, they fill offices, but they do nothing for the Union. On the contrary, wo have often demonstrated that they do much against it. For a few weeks, recently, aboli- tionism, through its intrigues with Secretary Stanton and its majority in Congress, had prao- tical control of the war power of the govern- ment. Now what possible good has it accom- plished? Where isthe abolition general who bas won a battle? Where are the negroes who were to rite against their masters at the iesne of such a proclaniation as (hat of General Hunter? How many negroes have the abolitionists induced to their black brigades? General Hanter ns obtained but four hundred negroes from three glave States, though be has | lose, trouble and vexation which the shin- male js yorade ground 9 camp meeting, aud plaster quirency would _laeyitably ” harp —— ~ A nt jonists, and the result is the | interspsrses the military drill with religious hymns, of which negroes are pass\onately fond. Where have the abolition plans for the war suc- eceded? Where hae abolitionism gained us a friend, even in England? When has abolition ism saved a State to the Union, as conservatism saved Kentucky and Maryland? When has abolitionism won back a State to tle Union, as conservatism has won Missouri and Tennessee, and is fast winning Louisiana? At Hilton Head, where the abolitionists have had full swing, what have they done to restore the Union? Abolition intrigues have resuited only in defeats, Abolition interference with recruit- ing and with our armies has killed volunteering, and the very men who offered and were refused month ago now have to be sought for and hired with extra bounties. Abolitionism has even killed its own party, and driven such old fashioned sbolitionists as Seward and Weed into ® coalition with conservatives. The scum of the abolition faction only,remains. Would gradual emancipation satisfy these fanatics? Would they vote for the President’s bill in Con- gress? Is their “support” worth the trouble of asking for itt Is it worth more. than the Union ? The people want to put down the ‘rebellion. We cannot stop to parley pro or con about slavery while the Union is in danger: Let it take its chances—no loyal man fighting for or against it, but all fighting for the Union. The recent actions of the President seem to indicate that he has adopted this policy, and that only the presumed necessity of Congressional legis- lation has deterred him from adopting it be- fore. The people are anxiously waiting for him to announce that henceforth he will abolish abolitionism, by relying upon the people and energetically prosecuting the war. This simple annotncement will do more for the country than a thousand emancipation schemes, and more for the army than a thousand dollars boun- ty to recruits. The Eighth Census—Rapid Progress of . the Country. We lay before our readers this morning a preliminary report from the Census Depart- ment, giving many important facts in reference to the eighth census, taken in 1860. The facts there presented to the public are of great inte- rest, and speak volumes in behalf of this coun- try. The rapid increase that is shown in all branches of industry—in agriculture, manufac- tures, literature and finance—is especially gratifying to every American. While, on the one hand, the forests, prairies and wild lands of the West have been rapidly brought under cul- tivation, increasing largely the agricultural products of the country, the Eastern and older States exhibit a corresponding increase in do- mestic manufactures, each section keeping step with the other, and thus making our progress asa nation more permanent, sure and certain In domestic manufactures alone we have in- creased at the rate ot eighty-six per cent dur- ing the last ten years, showing an increase in that line alone to an aggregate value of nine- teen hundred millions of dollars. When we consider that every other interest of our nation has increased in equal or larger proportion, is there Rot good cause for Americans to boast over our progréss, unequalled, as it is, by that of any other nation in the history of the world? Turn our attention to whatever direction we may—to the spindles and other manufactures of New England, to the iron and coal interests of Pennsylvania, to the gold flelds’ of Califor- nia, the agricultural products of ‘the Middle and Westérn States, the cotton fields ofthe South, the linen and woollen fabrics of other. sections, the mechanic arts, implements of war- fare, and last, but not least, the newspapers and periodicals of the country—the census of 1860 exhibits an increase of from eighty to four hundred per cent over that of 1850. All this proves to the world that our resources are greater than any otlier country, and, what is better still, the variety of our products, and the genius of. our people enable us to be more independent than any other nation on the face of the earth. While England, France and other European governments are compelled to look to us for their breadstuils and their cotton, we have had abundance of everything, and have also furnished them with practical ideas by in- venting their labor saving machinery. Nor axe we alone in advance of them in peaceful pur- suits. The report whic we give elsewhere re- veals the fact that the famous Armstrong gun. which is considered so formideble in England: was invented by an American. While we were constantly ahead of the European nations in timesof peace-—furnishing them with their model yachis and steamers as well as food for their mil- lions—we arenow, through the developments of our civil war, teaching them lessons that they | have heen trying in vain to Icarn for the last cen- tr vat could not comprehend until our prac- tice in the art of war had given them an illustra- | tion which the most stubborn could not fuifto understand. Tn our next or ninth census we will show them that either in peace or in war we far outstrip all of them. Tre Ne up Act.—In consequence of the introduciion of postage stamps into circulation, and ihe great and increasing demand for them at all the post offices in che country, where enormous quantities are daily sold—fifteen thousand dollars worth a day being disposed of in this city alone—it is important that the law just patsed by Congress on the subject should be understood by the community. Here rhyme AUTHORIZE PAYMENTS LN ETAMPS AND TO PROWIGIT CIRCULATION OF NOTHS OF LESS DE- NOMINATION THAN BR DOLLAR. Re it enacted by the Senate and Hone of Repretentatines af the United Seles of America in Conyrets astembled, | That the s he ts here’ directed to farnth to the Assistant Trenvarers and #10 designated deportaries of the United States us may bo by lim’ selected, in such sumsns he tay deem expedient, the postage and ofher stamps of the United States, to be exclianged by them, on applicntion, for United States notes; und from and after the firs dey of Augu.t next saoh stumps shall be recel +f all dues to the United States less thu hull be reeelved in exchange for Unite: any Assistant Treasurer or any des'gnat select od ne avoresaid, ims not lees then five dot a y tad, That from and after Indeed aud sixty two, wociation, firm or in div wali make, Isvue, circulate or pay any note, cheek, memoran |i, token or other obligacion, for a le sum than one Colinr, intended to citeulate as mone be received or eit of lawful money of the Un States; aud every pertou so offending shall, on conyic thoreot in any district or eiroult court of the Untied State:,be punished ly fine not exceeding five hundred dol- jars, of by imprisonment nob cxsecding se montis, or by Leth, at (he option of the court. Approved July 17, 1862. It will be perceived that not only are these and all other government stamps made a legal tender, but the issue of shinplasters, which threatened to flood us with a very insecure and irresponsible kind of currency, is strictly forbidden, under severe penalties. We are thus furnished with o substitute for silver money, of #0 much government security in the shape of stamps, and saved from the great brought. npon the contmunity. The new law, however, does not make government stamps, whether postage or any ofher, a legal tender until the Ist day of August; and some parties—among them some of the city railroad companies—have taken advantage of this as a pretext for refusing to receive stamps from the public. Private parties may, if they choose, continue te refuse payment ia what may be very justly considered as good as gold; but city railroad companies, whe enjoy an im- mense monopely, given them by the people, act, we will not say ungratefully, but in a manner unpatriotic, and unfriendly to that people who suffer and sacrifice enough for their country without being worried and thwarted by those who should be the first to come forward and aid in relieving them from the pressure consequent upon the scarcity of ellver change. ft THE NEWS FROM EUROPE. The North American Of Cape Race with One Day’s Later Advices. Reports of the Battles Before Richmond in England. NO GREAT EFFECT PRODUCED. PROGRESS OF THE COTTON FAMINE. The French Admiral and General About to Sail for Mexico, &., Carz Race, July 19, 1862. ‘The steamship North American, from Liverpool on the 10th via Londonderry on the 11th inst., passed this point, em route to Quebec, at eleven o’clock this morning. She was boarded by the news yacht, and the following sum- maryof her news obtained:— ‘The dates per the North American ate ono day later than those per the City of Washington. The steamship Bavaria, from New York, arrived at Southampton on the 10th inst. The North American passed the Anglo-Saxon on the 17th, bound enst. The North American reports experiencing strong west- erly breezes. &e., be. The American Question. ‘The news of the fighting before Richmond had been received in England, and excited great attention. ‘The London News treats tho result of tho fighting as @ serious reverse to the federals, and as likely to lengthom out rather than shorten the war, The London Times says that the stragetical movements of General McClellan are purely unintelligible, and adds that the recent events must infuse new energy into thé Confederate arms, and may produce results calculated to lead to acessation of hostilities, and eventually the ter~ mination of the war. An occasional correspondent of the London Times give strong picture of the dishonesty and mismanagement of the war on the Union side. Ho says that the couragy and resignation of the volunwers is above all praise, and thal they stand hardshins and privations’ which no Eure~ pean army would submit to without revotting; and that they do so because they cousider such things as inseperable from the war, and have uo idea that the most of thom is owing to the ignorance and nogligence of their gone- rals aud the scoundrelism of money making people. Hundreds. are slaughtered by the ignorance or drunk- enness of some of the generals. Notwithstanding that the river and raliways are close by, and up to General McClellan's army, whole divisions are for con- secutive days without other food than a few wretched biscuits and still more wretched coffee. For days together they have been withont an ounce of meaty and when they do get it, it is nothing but salt beef. The correspondent argues that General McClellan will not risks another attack upon Richmond, preferring the more se- cure way of starving out the Cohfederates. ‘The London Times editorially opposes the ery from Man- chester for government interference in the production of cotton. It says that the government ean do nothing which the manufacturers cannot do better. Government interfe- rence would not be impossible, but in the highest dogree prejudicial. What is needed in order to secure an adequate supply of cotton isasteady market, that the price will bo permanent;“and that is an assurance that Mancheste™ shrinks from giving. Any price that is required for this. year will be cheerfully paid; but no engagements will be made for a longer period. This will nover do if we are to haye @ desirable demand, and that we shali hardly find so long as we are perpetually speculating on a retura of that supply from America which has ¢o signally failed A largo open air meeting Bad been held at Stockporé, at which a petition to Parliament was adopted, praying that the government would take into serious considera- tion the propriety of the government using its influence to bring about a reconciliation between the Northern and Southern States, as it is from America alono that an im” mediate supply of cotton can be expected; and if need there should be, that tho government will not hesitate to acknowledge the Southern States, as they believe that must be (he ultimate result. Au amondment was offoreg aud rejected, whoa the petition, as originally drawn up, was adopetd by an overwh ing majority. Great Brita Parliamentary proceedings ou Toy ‘Toth instant were unimportant. The Prince of Wales was about to visit Russia in the royal yacht Osborne. It was roported that the British mama fleet would nocompany the yacht up the Bal- “Siititary honore were being extended to Marshal Mes Mahon daring hia visit to Fhgland. The troops at Al- dorshot had w field day tn his présence. ‘The Vicaroy of Egypt, iu a speech at Manchi {a rogard to cotion, iat next year he felt co er promising from Keypt, if not double the amount of the last crop, at least an f oue-laalf, nee. Admirel Do La Craviere had left Paria for Cherbourg, to embark for Mexicc. It is also now meserted that General Forey will em- bark for Mexico on the 20th of July. The Pacie Bourse was firmer, the rentes being quoted at 681. doc. Portugal. The King had formally announced to the Council State his approaching marrioge with the daughter Victor Fmanuel, The report that Russia had made an army of reserve, either in favor of Avstelan or Pontifical torritory in Italy, in recognizing the Italian monarchy, is discredited, West Coast of Africa. The June mails hy received. The news was un- important. const was improving. In the money mart ere dull, owing 0 the roour- rence of unt or and by tho report of Ma. homedan con: Northwost Aftiea, fCommere ial intelligence. TUN LONDON MONBY MARKET. Conols for ey cwsed on Friday (ith) atoay al) 92%. Tho vuliioa in the Bank of England had increased £839,000. AMERICAN STOCKS, ‘Tho market on Friday guict and steady, LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET. ‘The broker's elroular reports that the sales of the od 63,000 bales, incinding 33,000 bales to Rpeoula xpertors, Thore hag beon area ng to Roavy shipments, at orb of Surat had reced three.qua uny por pound. Am 2 rican deacriplions were also o i a @ quarter of @ pouny decline since Wednesday; but stilt the advance om such (or the week is half a penny per paurd a one p por pound. The alos on Friday (ith) ‘were only 4 vales, including 2,000 bales to speculators and exporters. The inarket closed flat, @t the fullt,wing ayshorized quotations — Pair, — Midatir Orlem + WA. its Mobile, 1844. 1iga! 18d Vid. ipo a satimated uf are of American de scription BRRADATUPPS MARKET. ‘Tho market has an upward toudency, Flour is steady ‘Whoat more firm and wnds upward. Corn is irmor, PROVISION MARZET, ‘The provision market Is geDeraliy unchanged, ett!) ruling “all, LONDON MON#Y In the London discount rArket oy was very AND ont, and goo bills Wery dono at 2¢d., even before Ub bank reduced its rate Crom dd, to age,

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