The New York Herald Newspaper, February 25, 1862, Page 1

The Capital of Tennessee Evacuated by the Rebels. The City Occupied by General Buell’s Forces THE DEFENCES OF THE PLACE All the Rebel Tennessee Troops Called in by Governor Harris» & Strong Reactionary Miovement Among the People. Tennessee Virtually Restored to the Union, &, &., Be. ‘The Old Point boat arrived yesterday at Baltimore, Ihaving left Fortress Monroe on Sunday afternoon. She brings fourteen released officers, including Colonel ‘Wood, of the Fourteenth (Brooklyn) New York regiment, who was wounded and captured at the battle of Bull run; Ooloncl Lee, of the Twentieth Massachusctts regiment, captured at Ball’s Bluff; Colonel Coggswell, of the Tam- ‘aany regiment, and Captain Keffer, of Baker’s California regiment. Colonel Lee, of the Massachusetts Twentieth, says, that Jest before leaving Richmond, on Saturday evening, he ‘was taken aside by a distinguished officer of the rebel government, who assured him that an official despatch had Suast been received of the fall of Nashville. Colene! Leo says information was given him about the Gurrender of Nashvill by a‘ prominent citizen of Rich- ‘mond, not by an officer of the rebel government, and that a despatch was received by Jef. Davis whilst reading his imougural, THE LATEST REBEL ACCOUNTS. TELEGRAMS TO THE RICNMOND ENQUIRER EXTRA, : FEB. 22, P. Me RVACUATION OP NASHVILLE, Avavera, Feb, 22, 1862. Private despatches received here from Chattanooga state that federal gunboats reached Nashville on Thursday. - Savannan, Feb, 22, 1862. @en. Walker bas received despatches which state that tthe Confederates have evacuated Nashville. Avauara, Feb. 20, 1862, Gen. Buell (federal) has arrived at Clarksville. ‘WHAT WERE THE DEFENCES OF NASHVILLE? ‘The editor of the Lynchburg Republican writes from Nashville, February 12, as follows:— I write from this city, which at this moment is deeply ‘agitated by the stirring events which have transpired ‘within the last fow days along our western lines of do- fence. Though a large, and in many respects an inviting city, the capital of the State, and not far removed from the Northern invasion, yet, strange to say, not the first Preparation seems to have been made for its successful de- Zerce. Bowling Green protected it in one direction, ana Fort Donelson in another; but the fall of cither of these ‘places exposes the city to the specdy tread of the Hessian columns. It seems never to have entered the heads ‘ef ite people that danger was only a few miles from ‘sheir doors, and at any unguarded mement might pellate their hearthstones and despojl their prized city. They are now, however, thoroughly awakened from their strange illusion. The sudden fall of Fort Henry, the ascent of the Yankee gunboats into Florence, tho apprehended attack upon Fort Donelson, and the reported evacuation of Powling Green, have thoroughly alarmed thom, and made them sensible of the imminent ‘danger threatening. Active preparations for defence are now making, fortifi- ations are being erected, and obstructions thrown in the Fiver below the city, 80 that in a day or so it is thocght the Lincoln gunboats will be unable to bombard the city even should Fort Donelson fal. Large and enthasiastic public ‘mectings are being held overy night, the militia is drilled every day, and if the city shali be doomed to fall in the Aazards of war, it will only be abandoned after a heroic ‘defence by its people worthy of an ancestry whose Jaarels in the fleld and cabinet are imperishable. The go- wernment sores are being fast removed to the interior, and many families are packing up ready for instant exit in case of attack. THE LATEST NEWS. ‘The Surrender of Nashville Confirmed. Sr. Louis, Feb. 24, 1862. A special despatch from Cairo to the Democrat says the latest intelligence from the Cumberland is that General Buell’s forces occupy Nashville. Governor Harris hat called in all the Tennessee troops, and a strong reaction has occurred among the people. Loumevniie, Feb. 24, 1862. Reliable private information received to-night assures ‘Ws that Nashville is virtually in possession of the Union forces. NASHVILLE, Sketch of the City—Statistical Accounts of the Value of the Property in Nash- ville—Its Commercial, Educational and Manufacturing Interests—Its Position, é&c., dice There is but little doubt that the citizens of Nashville ‘would greatly object toa bombardment being performed by our gunboats on that city. Unlike Dover, it is an im- portant place, and contains property of great value, the destruction of which might not only ruin thousands of persons. but would take years to replace. ‘The importance of the place as a commercial port is ‘20t inconsiderable, and its educational institutions, with their Hbraries, &c., have occupied yoars to bring them futo their present state of perfection. In connection ‘with the information we have just recoived, we this day Give e full SKETOH OF NASTIVIL.LE. Nashville is the capital of Tennessee, and seat of jus. tice of Davidson county. It isa city and port of entry, and is situated on the Cumberland river, twe hundred miles above its junction with the Ohio. The population of Nashville before the rebellion was about 24,000, but as since much decreased. Tho city ischiofy built on the south side of the river,on the slopes and at the foot of a hill rising about two hundred foet above the water The Cumberland is navigable for steamboats of 1 ‘ for fifty miles above the city, and by smaller bont, to tho fails, five hundred miles from its mouth. There ere five railroads radiating from Nashville—viz, the ‘Tennessee and Alabama, Louisvillo and Nashville, Mem- phis and Ohio, Hickman and Nashville Branch, Nashville and Chattanooga, and Nashville and Northwestern. Tho city is generally well built, and thore are mumerous imposing public and private buildings. One of the finest of the former is the new Capitol, situated on an eminence one hundred and seventy-five feet above the river, and constructed inside and out of a beautiful variety of fossilifferous lime- stone. It in three stories high, ineluding the basement Atoither end of the building there is an Ionic portico of eight colamns, each four fect and a haif in diameter, and over thirty-three feet high, and at the sides there are also porticos of six columns each. A tower or cupola rises above the centre of tho roof to the height of two hundred and six feet from the ground. It hase quad. rangular rusticated base, forty-two feet highs surmounted by es circular ell, thirty-seven feet high and twenty-six fect in diameters with eight fluted Corinthian columns, designed from the choragic monument of Lysicrates at Athens, The dimen- sions of the whole building are one hundred and thirty- oight by two hundred and thirty-oight feet, and the cons struction cost over one million of dollars, It is ape proached by four avenues, which rise from terrace to terrace by broad marble steps. The edifice is considered the handsomest State Capitol in the Union. ‘The new Court House is a large building, on the public square, with an eight columned Corinthian portico at each end, and a four columned portico at each side, The ‘State Bank is s handsome Doric building. Among the other permanent edifices are the jail, the penitentiary, theatre, Odd Fellows’ and Masonic halls, City Hospital, university and schoolhouses, There are two fine bridges over the Cumberland river— one a railroad bridge, of wood, with an immense draw two hundred and eighty feet, and two stationary spans, eash two hundred feet. This bridge was finished in 1859, at a cost of $240,000. The‘other is a wire suspension bridge, of more than seven hundred feet span, and one hundred and ten feet above the water, It was begun in 1850, and cost about $100,000. ‘The city water works were constructed in 1833, and the total expense up to 1861 has been more than $500,000, ‘The water is raised from the river to four reservoirs, which have an aggregate capacity of one million six hundred thousand gallons. Gas was introduced into the city in February, 1850. Among the public institutions the most important is the Nashville University, incor- porated in 1785, under thename of Davidson Academy, and in 1806 as Cumberland College. It received its present titlein 1826, It had, during the recent prosper- ous times, before the rebellion, about two hun- dred students in the literary department, and four hundred in the medical school. The lite- rary department was united in 1855 with tho Western Military Institute, and took the latter name. ‘Tho students receive, in addition to their classical educa- tion, @ quasi milftary training. The main building isa handsome Gothic edifice of stone. It hag a library of fif- teen thousand volumes. The medical department, open- od in 1860, also occupies a fine building, and possesses an extensive museum, besides having the charge of a valuable mineralogical cabinot of twenty thousand speci- mers. Shelby Medical College is a new and flourishing institution. The female academy, founded in 1816, has about four hundred and fifty pupils. A public school sys- tem went into operation in 1865, and there are now three large schools and a theological seminary. The Historica; Society has a good museum and library. The State Library and Capitol have forty thousand yolumes, and the Me_ chanics’ Library Association was formed in 1860. The prin- cipal benevolent institutions are tho City Hospital, Pro- testant and Catholic orphan asylums, House of Industry, Hospital of the Sisters of Charity, Workhouse established in'1860, and the Tennessee Blind Asylum, founded in 1844. The Penitentiary is s Bandsome stone edifice, ‘built around an open court, and has about four hundred three insurance companies and several large hotels, tn. cluding St. Cloud apd the Maxwell House. The latter will accommodate six hundred guests. ‘Nashville has a paid Fire Department, with three steam fire engines, which were introduced in 1860. The peri- odical press comprises five daily, eight weekly and eight monthly publications. + ‘The commerce of Nashville is very large, being car. ried on by river and railroads,and by turnpike roads, te the construction of whieh the city has devoted a great dea) of attention. The revenue of the port amounts to about $40,000 per annum; but the government has not yet crected @ Custom House inthecity. The average annual shipments aro— ‘The neighborhood of Nashville is a famous stock raising country, and has a high reputation for blood horses, jack- asses, mules, cattle, sheep, hogs and Cashmere goats, ‘The leading business of the city is in dry goods, hard. ware, drugs and groceries. Book publishing is carried on more extensively than in any othor Western town, and the publishing house of the Southern Methodist Con" ference is one of the largest book manufactories in the United States. The menufactures aro less important than the commercial interests. There are three flour mills, eight or ten planing mil!s and eight or ten machine shops. Thevalue of the taxable property here is $15,- 000,000. Seven miles from the city is the State Lunatic Asylum, and twelve miles east is the Hermitage, the cele" brated residence of Andrew Jackson. The municipal government is vested ina mayor, eight aldermen and sixteen councilmen. The first permanent settlement was made in 1778-80; the town was incorporated in 1784, re- ceived its charter in 1806, aud was made the State capi- tal in 1812, Nashville is 280 miles northeast of Memphis, 206 aniles southwest of Lexington, in Kentucky, and 684 miles from Washington city. OUR MAP. In connection with the abuve description we present cur readers with a map of the city of Nashville and its sister municipality, Edgefield. The dopots of the railroads and the directions of their tracks are cle rly laid down, the Nashvillo and Northwestern Railroad running for ten miles on that of tho Louisville and Nashville Railroad. The locality of the bridge by which the two places are united is also clearly shown, and the river at this point is about three quarters of a mile wide, the shores being Mned with very steep bluffs. From the steamboat land- ing to the railroad depot of the Nashville and Chattaneoga Railroad, the principal feoder to the main railway lines of the South, is a road rendering the ascent of the bluffs less difficult by an inclined grade, The hilly nature of the vicinity of the city is clearly shown by our map; and, whether a battle occurs in this neighborhood or not, the map will be found very useful for future reference. NEWS FROM THE SOUTH. Rumored Surrender of Savannah—Ope-+ rations of the Unjon Forces in the Sa. vannah River—Rebel Report of the Bat- tle at Sugar Creek, Arkansas. ‘The Richmond Diepaich of the 224 inst., gives the fol- lowing:— CONFEDERATE VICTORY—GENERAL PRICE WHIPS THB ENEMY AGAIN. ‘The following despatch was received by the Commissa- ry General yesterday morning, and is said to be confirm- ed by despatches received by the President:— Fort Swrra, (via Clarksville, Ark., wfoan.,) Feb. 16, 1805,” f pting and Generals Price and Hebert are fg! the enemy to- day, at Sugar Creek, in Beaton county, Ark. The result is not known, troops are confident of success. ‘The enemy lost seven hundred. Our loss is one hun- dred, Another great victory, ALBERT PIKE. (The rebel despatch about their victory in Arkansas relates to the fight reported by General Halleck two days ago, in which the rebels were whipped, and in which our troops took more prisoners than they knew what to do with.—Ep. Henan.) ‘The Richmond Dispatch is lauding General Price for hia Groat victory, as announced in Albert Pike's despatch, There is nothing in the papers from Savannah. {From the Savannah Republican, Fob. 19.) SAVANNAH RIVER. Ae Ln ae i i i : i i i D has gunboats, and a floating or raft @stablishod near Venus’ and which ‘ttetiahy, mand: wi com ie thi a skirrolshes are of almost hourly care ‘The suarender of Savannah was rumorod at Richmond. Arrival of the Niagara at Boston. Boston, Feb. 24, 1862. The steamship Niagara, from Liverpool and Queens. town, arrived at seven P. M. Her tails wore forwarded by the ha-past eight P. M. train due in New York at six A. M. to-morrow. Tho ig tad bag of the press forwarded by the same route in care of Adams expruss, NEW YORK, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1862, THE NEW YORK HERALD. PRICE TWO CENTS. THE CITY OF NASHVILLE. Map of Nashville and Edgefield, with Their Railroad and Water Communi cations, Bridges, Turnpike Roads, &¢. THE NORTH CAROLINA EXPEDITION. The Reported Burning of Winton by the Union Gunboats, déec. TELEGRAM TO THE RICHMOND ENQUIRER. ‘Nonroix, Feb. 21, 1842. ‘The federal forces again ascendod the Chowan river on yeatercay to Winton, with several gunboats and a large number of troops. The Confederates opened a heavy fire upon them, killing and wounding a number of them. Some of the Yankoes landed and burnt the town. The Southerners retired. Our loss is said to be two men and two horses killed. The humbug Congressman, C. H. Fos- ‘ver, was among the Yankees killed. TELEGRAM TO THE RICHMOND DISPATCH. Scvvoix, Va., Feb. 21, 1862. Captain Nichols, of the Petersburg Artillery, arrived here this afternoon from Winton, where he had been stationed with bis battery. On yesterday he was shelled out by the Yankees, The qmemy were supposed to be 4,000 strong. They had seven steamers, all of which have passed up the river, Captaia Nichols had a horse shot from under him. Two of bis men were wounded. The town of Wiatos is in ashes. Our troops retired to Murfrevsboro’, [From tho Norfolk Day Book, Fob. 22.) BURNING OF WINTON, N. C., BY THE PEDERALS. The information which we gave yesterday as a rumor, proves to be true. The village of Winton was attecked om Wednesday afternoon about four o'clock by a couple of federal gunboats. After throwing a fuw shells, which ‘were promptly answered by Captain Nichols’ battery, they found it prudent to withdraw, which they did, and retreated some lit¢le distance beiow Coleraine. On the next morning eight of 1! gunboats made their appearance, and began an attack upon our battery— 4 small, light fleld battery—and compelled our forces to retreat. This they did, in good order, to a point somewhere in Murfreesboro. The enemy then landed @ forco estimated at five bundred, and, enter- ing the village, applied the torch and reduced jttoashes, They stated that their reason for burning Winton was that it Larbored tho “rebels,’? who offered them resistance and endeavored to prevent their landing. After this vile incendiary act the Yankees re-embarked on their vessels and left the place. When last seen they were below Coleraine. The only damage sustained by our forces was the slight wounding of one or two men, the killing of one horse and the wounding of another; while on the Yan- kee’s side several are known with certainty to have been killed, among them, it is thought, the notorious Charles Henry Foster, though this is not known with certainty. ‘The above statement may be relied upon as correct in every particular, as we put ourselves to the trouble of obtaining it from @ source Where it would not have been given us had there been any reason to doubt its correct- ness. INTERESTING FROM MISSOURI. Important Order trom General Halleck Regarding Slaves and Other Property of Rebels. Sr. Lous, Feb. 23, 1962. The following order bas just been issued by Major General Halleck :— Heanquarrens, DaPaRtMEnt OF Missovni, Feb. 28, 1862. ‘The Major General commanding the department desires to impress upon all officers the itaportance of preserving Good order and discipline among their troops, and as the armies of the West advance into Tennessee and the South- orn States, let us show to our follow citizens of these States that we come merely to crush out the rebeltion, and restore to them the peace and benefits of the consti- tion and the Union, of which they have been deprived by selfish and unprincipled leaders. They bave been told that we come to oppress and plunder. By our acts wo will undeceive. We will prove to them that we come to restore, not to violate, the con- stitation and the laws. In restoring to them the glorious flag of the Union we will assure them that they shall en- Joy under its folds the same protection of life and pro- perty as in former days, Soldiers! let no excess on your part tarnish the glory of our arms. ‘The ordors heretofore issued from this department in regard to pillaging, marauding and the destruction of Private property and rtealing, and the concealment of slaves, must be strictly enforced. It does not belong to the military to decide upon the relation of master and slave, Such questions must be settled by the civil courts, No fugitive slave will, therefore, be admitted within our lines of camps except when specially ordered by the General Commanding. Women and children, mor. chants, farmers , mechanics and all persons not in arms are regarded as non-combatants, and are not to be mo- Jeated, either in their persons or property, If, however, hey assist and aid the enemy, they become bolligerents, and will be treated assuch. As they violate the laws of war they will be made to suffer the penaities of such violation, Military stores and public property of the enemy must be surrendored, and any attempt to concea; such property by fraudulent transfer or otherwise will be punished, but no private property will be touched unless by order of the Genoral Commanding. Whenever it becomes necessary, forced contribution, for supplies and subsistence for our troops will be made, Such levies will be made as light as possible, and be so distributed as to produce no distress among the people, All property #0 taken must be receipted fully, and ao, counted for as heretofore directod. Those ordors will bo read at the head of evory regi. ment, and all officers are commanded to strictly enforce them, By command of MAJOR GENERAL HALLECK, W. H. McLean, Adjutant General. ‘The gunbont Essex arrived from Cairo to-day. She will Wi \ ANG WIS be immediately put om the ways, fifty feet added to her length, her machinery lowered into the hold and re- paired throughout in the most thorough manner. Captain Porter, who came on the Essex, is improving rapidly. His face and hands are pretty severely scalded, Dut he inhaled no steam, and will be ready for duty soon again, VIOLENT NORTHWESTERLY GALE. Baildings Unroofed in Brooklyn, Wash- ingtom and Baltimore—Biting Cold ‘Weather—Snow Storm at Boston, dic. Old Boreas treated us,to one of his most violent puffs last evening, verifying the old saying that March comes in Nike a roaring lion. Just about this time the almanacs tell ‘us we may expect windy weather, and for once the alma- acs are not falsified. The blow last night was em- phatically fresh, strong, sharp and wintry. The effect was of the most startling description. People passing exposed corners were fairly lifted from their feet, and compelled to gyrate and zampillaerostate in the most extraordmary manner to recover their equilibrium. Some were wheeled about like Jim Crow in his once very Popular dance, Some, not so expert on their feet, wore Wwppied completely over. Some unexpectedly found them. nelves against @ lamppost, @ hall door, a barber's pole, or sounding the density of the curbstone, Others afforded convenient targets for flying particles of dirt, stone, ice, or reckless signs and shutters, that defied hooks and Fparned hinges as obstacles too trifling to be respected, Others again dircovered’ themselves engaged in very in- torcsting hat races, while still others underwent a mos, painful disarrangement of appare!—particularly the la- dies, whose dresses were blown into all sorts of shapes and positions, making, on the whole, quite novel and inte, resting (ablauz. A woman with the tail of her dress Striving its utmost to reach the clouds, and looking for all the world like a half collapsed balloon, was no unfre_ quent sight along the crowded thoroughfares, The prac. tical utility or beauty of hoops ona blustry March night may well be called in question after the experience of last evening, although in a picturesque pomt of view rinoline may not be so bad in the eyes of corner loafers, who erack their jokes and roar their rude jests, regard. less of the embarrassed fair ones thus victimized at the altar of fashion. It is seldom or never that a storm of wind equay fo that of last night visits us without leaving in its wake traces that are not soon obliterated. Houses ynroofed and windows shattered to atoms are the com- ‘mon results ip this city, to say nothing of broken heads, }¢g8 and arms and bruises about the body generally. With all the intense blowing and howling of the wind last night, we have failed to learn of any of the accustomed casualties. It is more than probable that in the courso of @ day or two, however, we shall hear of some serious disasters to shipping along tho coast, as it is hardly possible for the storm, short though it was, to sweep over withou; leaving its mark in some wrockod vessels, and, worse still, the loss of lifeom the stormy ocean. Heaven save those who are exposed to such dreadful dangers. About half-past nine a very perceptible lull took place , and the fury of the wind gradually changed to a quiot, steady blow, quite refreshing and invigorating. The night was illuminated by a grand turn out of the stars, which took the edge off the wind to a certain degree, and made up for « few other drawbacks. THE STORM IN BROOKLYN—THE ROOF OF THE CITY HOSPITAL BLOWN OF! ‘The high wind which prevailed last evening did con- siderable damage in Brooklyn. A large number of awnings, sign posts, &c., were blown down in the princi- pal thoroughfares, and several pedestrians were injured by being struck by them in falling. Shortly before five o'clock the entire roof of one of the wings of the City Hospital, situated on Raymond street, noar Willoughby, ‘was blown off and swept in a mass into Canton street, at the rear of the hospital. It was composed of wood and covered with tin, Fortunately no person was injured, EFFECTS OF THE GALE IN WASHINGTON. ‘Wasmaron, Feb. 24, 1862. ‘There is an extraordinary high wind prevailing here to-day. Tho roofs of houses have been blown off, trees torn down and signs aad awnings destroyed, ‘The roof of the Library of Congress has been blown in. It was of thick glass. EFFECTS OF THE GALE AT BALTIMORE, Barrone, Feb. 24, 1862. ‘The gale is very heavy here, and the weather is getting very cold, Many houses have been unroofed. THICK SNOW STORM IN BOSTON. Boston, Feb. 24, 1862. A thick snow storm with « strong gale is prevailing this evening. New Senator from Indiana. Inptanarous, Feb. 24, 1862. Governor Morton has appointed ex-Governor Joseph A. eo States Senator to fill the place of Jesse 0. The Irish Western Rifles. ‘This ia the title of a new regiment which has been in course of organization for the past three months, under the bay a supervision of Colonel Howard Carron, who is to have command of it when it isfull. Six splen- did companies have already been recruit in Rochester, and tho remaining four are now being raised in New ‘York by the following efficient officers:—Captain M. Mur- pos raising Com ay B Captain M. Doran, Company ; Captain John i agent, Company G, and Captain Crowley ,Company F. The headquarters are at No. 150 Canal street, where all anxious to join « crack regiment will Lave am opportunity of doing 0. United 5 Fen. 24,--The United States ve. Riley.—The prisoner is indieted for murder on the high seas, On an application this morning in his bebalf, the trial was set down for Wednesday morning next. “Mr. Edwin James aud Mr, Charles 3, Spencer are retained for the prisoner, IMPORTANT FROM RICHMOND. Inauguration of Jeff. Davis as President of the Bogus Confederacy. Scenes and Ceremonies of the , Oceasion, INAUGURAL ADDRESS OF DAVIS, &e., &e., &e, We have received Richmond papers of the morning of the 224 inst., and a copy of the Richmond Enquirer extra of the afterncou of that day, containing the Inaugural Address of Jei!. Davis, delivered in Richmond on Satur- day last. The Inaugural Address. [From the Richmond Examiner Extra, Feb. 22.] Fe.iow Crnzrxs—On this the birthday of the man most, identified with the establishment of American Indepen- dence, an‘l beneath the monument erected to commemo- rate his herolc virtues and those of his compatriots, we have assembled to usher into existence the permanent government of the Confederate States. Through this in. strumentality, under the favor of Divine Providence, wo hope to perpetuate jthe principles of our Revolutionary fathers. The day, the memory and the purpose seem fitly associated. 5 It is with mingled feelings of humility and pride that appear to take, in the presence of tho people and before high Heaven, the oath prescribed as a qualification for the exalted station to which the unanimous voice of the people bas called me. Deeply sensible of all that is im- plied by this manifestation of the poople’s confidence, am yet more profoundly impressed by the vast responsi. bility of the office, and humbly feel my own unworthiness. In return for their kindness I can only offer assurances of the gratitude with which it is received, and can but pledge a zealous devotion of every faculty to the service of those who have chosen me as their Chief Magistrate. ‘When a long course of class logislation, directed not to the general welfare, but to the aggrandizement of the Northern section of the Union, culminated in a warfare onthe domestic institutions of the Southern States— when the dogmas of a sectional party, substituted for the provisions of the constitutional compact, threatened to destroy the sovereign rights of the States, six of those States, withdrawing from the Union, confederated to- gether to exercise the right and perform the duty of in- stituting a government which would better secure the liberties for the preservation of which that Union was established. Whatever of hope some may have entertained that a returning sense of justice would remove the danger with which our rights were threatened, and render it possible to preserve the Union of the constitution, must have been dispelled by the malignity and barbarity of the Northern States in the prosecution of the existing war. The con. fidence of the most hopeful among us must have been cestroyed by the disregard they have recently exhibited for all the time honored bulwarks of civil and religious liberty. Bastiles filled with prisoners, arrested without civil process or indict. mont duly found; the writ of habeas corpus suspended by Executive mandate; a State Legislature controlled by the imprisonment of members whose avowed principles ggeated to the federal Executive that there might be another added to the list of seceded States; elections held under threats of a military powex; civil officers, citizens and gentle women incarcerated (for opinion’s sake, proclaimed the incapacity of our late asso- ciates to administer a it as free, liberal and humane as that established for our common use. For proof of the sincerity of our purpose to maintain our ancient institutions, we may point to the constitution of the confederacy and the laws enacted under it, as well au to the fact that through all tho necessities of an une- qual struggle there has been no act on our part to impair personal liberty or tho freedom of speech, of thought or of the . The gourts have been open, the judicial fonctions fully executed, and every right of the peaceful citizen maintained as securely as if a war of invasion had not disturbed the land. ‘The people of the States now confederated became convinced that the governmont of the United States had fallen into the hand# of @ sections) majority, who would pervert that most sacred of all trusts to the destruction of the rights which it pledged to protect. They be- lieved that to remain longer in the Union would subject them to @ continuance of a disparaging discrimination, submission to which would be inconsistent with their welfare, and intolerabie toa proud people. They there- fore determined to sever its bonds and establish a new confederacy for themselves. ‘Theexperiment instituted by our Revolutionary fathers, of a voluntary union of sovereign States for purposes specified in a solemn compact, had been pervertod by by those who, feeling power and forgetting right, were determined to respect po law but their own will. The government had ceased to answer the ends for which it was ordained and established. To save ourselves from a revolution which, in its silent but rapid pro- gress, was about to place us ander tho despotism of bumbers, and to preserve in spirit, as well as in form, a system of government we believed to be peculiarly titted to our condition, and full of promise for mankind, we determined to make a new association, composed of States homogeneous in {aterest, in policy and in feeling. True to our traditions of and our love of justice, we sent commissioners to the United States to propose a fair and amicable settlement of all questions of pubiic debt or property which might be in dispute. But the government at Washington, denying our right to self- government, refused even to listen to any proposals for a peaceful separation. Nothing was then lett to us but to war. ear in our history has been the most eventful in the of this continent. A new government bas been established, and its machinery put in operation over om heap em ng ds gene hoa great principles upon which we have been willing to hazard orecytaig, that is dear to man have made con- ta for us which could never have beon achieved by sword. Se has grown from six to thirteen States; jaryland, already united (o us when able to : —. voice, connect wih the aed or people have rallied with uaexamp! unanimity to the support of the great principles of con- stitutional government, with firm Teoolve to Perpetuate by arms the rights which they could not peacefuil; secure. A million of men, it is estiruated, are now stand- ing in hostile array, and waging war along a frontier of thousands of miles. Battles have been fought, have been conducted, and, although the contest is not 5 and the tide for the moment is against us, the jinal resulé in our favor is not doulsful. ‘The period is near at hand when our foes must sink under tne immense load of debt which they have incurred, a debs which in their effort to subjugate us has already attained such fearful dimensions as will subject them to burthens which must continue to oppress them for generations to come We, too, have had our trials and difficulties. That wo aire to escape them in future is not to be hoped. It was to be expected when we entered upon this war thet it would expose object for which we stry ture of the war in whi could be so bad as failure, and any sacrifice would be cheap as the price of success in ‘8 Contes But the picture has its lights as well as its shadows, ‘This great strife has awakened in the people the highest emotions and qualities of the human sout. It is cultivat- generous devotion to the noble cause for which we are contending are rife throughout the land. ver has & people evinced a more determined spirit than that now animating men, women and children in every part of our country, Upon tho first call the men fly to arms; and wives and mothers sond their hus. bands and sons to battle without a murmur of regret. It wae, perhaps, in the ordination of Providence that we were to be taught the value of our liberties by the which wo for them. Pte Tecollections of this great contest, with all its com- mon traditions of glory, of sacrifice and of blood, will be the bond of harmony and endurivg affection amongst the pow pl py unity In pokey, fraternity in sentiment joint effort in war. Nor have the material sacrifices of the past been. swine ocak commaree wth amy te fos of self-sacrifice and invited their commerce. Cotton, sugar, rice, tobacco, provisions, timber and naval stores will furnish atirae- tive exch: . Not would the constancy of these sup- plies be likely to be disturbed by war. Our confederate strength will be too great to tempt aggression ; and never was thero a people whose interests and principles com- mitted thom so fully t# a peaceful policy as those of the Confederate States, By the character of their produc. tions they are too deepiy interested in foreign commerce wantonly to disturb it. War of conquest they cannot wage, becanse tho constitution of their confederacy ad- mits of no coerced association. Civil war there cannot be between ia.es held together by their volition only. ‘This rule of voluntary asso-iation, w''ch cannot fail to be conservative, by securing jnst and impartial government at home, dees not diminish the seourity ef the obliga- ticns by which the Confederate States may be beund to fore x" na'ions. In proof of this itis to b+ remembered hr, al the first moment of asserting their of 4 @86 States; roposed @ Fellow citizen, etter the sire ‘ages: conse- ow citizens, after the wtraggiee at crated Pe right of the Kug!is) i“ ’ Poveda re- ive government, Our colouial ancestors were to vindicate that birthright by an appeal to arms. Success crowned their efforts, and they provided for = posterity @ pouceful remedy agsiust future aggres- ‘The tyranny of an undridied majority, the most odi- ous and least responsible form of despotism, has denied us both the right »nd tho remedy. Therefore we are in er’ 8 to renew such sacri'ices as our fathers made to the holy c:us) of constitutional Hberty. At the darkest hor of our struggle the provisional gives place t» the ronment. After a series of successes and A conered our arms with glory, we have re- ly me’ with srrious disasters. But in heart of a peopl> ress ved to be free these disasters tend but to Sumulste to increased resistance. To show ourselves worthy of the inheritance be- queathed to us by the patriots of the Revolution, we must emulate that heroic devotion which made reverse to Shen but the crucibic im which their patriotism was Tre ned, With confidence in the wisdom and virtue of these who will share with me the responsibility, and aid me in the conduct of public affairs; securely relying on the patriot i ism and courage of the people, of which the present war | bas furnished so many examples, ] deenly feel the weight | Of the responsibilities J now, with unaff cted diffideace, | am about to acsume; and, (ully reaiiang tie ‘adequacy of buman power to guide and to sustain, my hope is re verent!y fixed on Him whos» favor is ever ‘vonchsafed to the cause which {s just. With humble gratitude and adoration, acknowledging the Providence which has eo visibly protected the confederacy during its brief but eventful career, to Thee, Oh God, I trustiugly commit myself, aud prayerfully invoke Thy blessing on my coun- try and its cause. [Colonel Wood, of the Brooklyn Fourteenth regiment, who arrived at Fortress Monroe on Sunday, was paroled, and had the liberty of moving about the city of Rich- mond previousto leaving. He was present at the inaugu- ration of Jeff. Davis, ana stated that no enthusiasm was manifested on the ovcasion, hardlya cheer being raised.—Ep. HERALD.) The ges seat Ceremonies. om the Richmond Enquirer, Feb. 22.) 1. Colone! Charles Dimmock to be Chief Ma sisted by four aids. 2. The Senate and House of Representatives will meet in their respective halls, at half- eleven o'clock ‘A. M., and then with their respective officers repair to the ball of the House of Delegates of Virginia, which has been kindly tendered by the House of De! 8. The President and Vice President clect will be con- ducted to the hall by the Joint Committee of Arran; ments at @ quarter to twelve o’clock, and be received by the As-embly standing. 4. ‘The President of the Senate will occupy the seaves the right of tho President elect; the Vico President elect that on the left of the President, and the Speaker of the House that on the left of the Vice President. 5. Invitations are extended to the following persons and bodies, to wit:— Members of the Cabinet, who will be seated on the right and left of the President of the Senate and Speaker the House; the Governor of Virginia and his staff; the Governors of any other of tho Confederate States who hs f be in Richmond, and ex-Governor Lowe, of Maryland; the Senate and House of Delegates of Virginia, with their respective officers; the Judges of the Supreme Court of Virginia, and of the Supreme Court of any other of the Confederate States who may be in Richmond; the Judge of theConfederate District Court at Richmond, and any other Judge of a Confederate Court who may be in Richmond; the membors of the late Provisional (: ; the officers of the an Ae navy of the Confe ‘States who may be in Richmond: the Mayor and Cor- porate authorities of the city of Richmond; the reverend ihe Members te pests nts un rig mem! 6. At half-past twelve o’clock the procession will move from the hall by the eastern door of the Capitel to the statue of Washington, on the pubiic square, by such route as the Chief Marshal may direct, in the ‘ing: as The Band. 8. Six members of the Committee of Arrangements, in- cluding their respective Chairmen. anf cle President elect, attended by the President of ‘Senate. 6. The Vice President elect, attended by the Speaker of the House of Representatives. 6. Tho members of the Cabinet. 7. The officiating clergyman and the Judge of the Con- federate Court at Richmend, 8. The Senate of the Confederate States, with its offl- cers, in column of fours. 9. The House of Representatives, with its officers,jin column of fours. . ‘The Governors of Virginia and other States, and 11. The members of the Senate and House of Delegates one The edger of tuo Supreme Cozrt of Virginia and . es is other Stutes. who may be in the city of Richmoud. 18. Tho officers of the army and navy. 14. Tho reverend clergy. 15. The Mayor ana Corporate authorities of the city of Richmond. 16. The Masons and other benevolent societies. 17. Members of the press. 18. Citizens generally. Seats will be provided by the Chief Marshal for the Governors of States, the Judges, and, as far as practica- ble, for the other guests. The invited guests are requested to present themselves at the door of the Hall in the order above indicated. At the statue of Washington the President elect, the Vice President elect, the President of the Seuate, the 8; er of the House of Representatives, the officiating clergyman, Confederate Judge, Govern is of States, Judges of the Supreme Courts of States, the Chief Mar: shal and his aids, and six of the Committee of Arrange- ments will take positions on the plaiform. Prayer will then be offered by the Right Revereud sishop Johns. ‘The Inaugural Address will then be delivered (given above}; after which the oath will be administered to the ent by the Confederate Judge, in Richmond, the Hon. J. D. Halybarton, and the result will be announced by the Promdent of the Senote. The oath will then be administered to the Vice Presi- deat by tho President of the Senate; who will also an- ounce the resuit. The several legislative hodies will then return to thetr respective halis, and the President and Vice-President will then be escorted to their respective homes by the Committee of Arrangements. TRE PLATFORM. As will be seen in the amme, the oaths of office Will be administered the Inaugoral Address wil be delivered from a platform, erected against the est frout of the Washington monument. The 1a @ 80g. ment of a circle, extending from the im front of the statue of Mason to that ia front of Jefferson. It is substantially built of plain boards, and wili aecommodate comfortably a dozon persons, having a front of eightoen feet, with a depth of ten feet,and is raised about ten feet above the base of the monument. Weare requested to sey that the President's house will be epened from eight to eleven o'clock to-night for the reception of visiters. Another Fast Day. again to free tand to repel the efforts of our enemies to destroy us. Law has everywhere reigned supreme, and th it our wide spread limits personal liberty and private right have been duly honored. A tone of earnest jety has ‘aded eur poople and the vicvories which wo ve obtal over our enemies have been jusily ascribed to Him who ruleth the universe. We had hop»: that the year would have closed upon a scene of continued prosperity; but it has pleased the Su- preme Disposer of Events to order it otherwise. We are not.permiited to furnish Banna mene to the a divine government, ailliction a. nations as well as of judividuals. Our faith Fi i : | ! to abler and better hands, In view of the past, the present and probable future, the pageant of to-morrow is a bitter mockery and a miserable compensation Sor the ruin of @ free people. A child witha bauble, an old man with o young wife, are partial Mlue trations of the deplorable folly.