The New York Herald Newspaper, January 23, 1862, Page 2

NEWS FROM KEY WEST. Arrival of the United States Stea Transport Illinois. Safe Arrival of the Ninetieth New York Regi- ment at Key West. MOVEMENTS OF THE GULF SQUADRON, hey ke, &e. The United States steam transport Ulinois, Captain Rathbun, arrived at this port last evening from Key West, where she conveyed the Ninetieth New York regi ment, Colonel Morgan, Tho Illinois left Key West on the TSth inst, She brings the mails and four passengers. When the Iilinois left Key West the United States gun- boas Tahoma was then in port. The United States gun” boat Itasca left Key West on tho 16th inst. for Fort Pickens, Tho steam sloop-of-war Brooklyn arrived on the 15th for coal. On tho 18th inst., at half-past one P. M., the Illinois passed the steamer Ericsson, bound to Key West. On the same day passed the United States gunboat Connecti- cut, towing a schooner, probably a prize. On the 19th inat, exchanged signals with a British gunboat bound to the northward. On the 22d inst., off Barnegat Inlet, passed a full rigged double topsail ship, beating to the northward; could not distinguish her signals. The wind at the time was blowing fresh from the northeast anda heavy sea running. On the outward passage of the Illinois John W. Still” well, of Long Island, a private in the Ninetieth regiment Now York State Volunteers, Company I, died on the 7th of January, at seven P. M., and was buried at sea on the 8th inst., with much solemnity. Our Key West Correspondence. Key Wast, Jan. 17, 1862. Arrivat of Steamer Philadelphia, with Company D, First Astillery—Arrival of the Tahoma—Machine Shop Once More—Arrival of Steamer Plorida—Her Movementoua Northern Neiws—Secessionists in Key West—What Should be Done With Them and Their Property—Ar- rivat of the Iltinois, with the Nineticth New York ¥o- lunteers—Their Landing and Condition—Seizure by Major Hill of Asa F. Tift’s Property—Descripiion of Tift—Destruction of Groggeries and Fate of Their Pro- prieors—Canstruction of Batteries at Key West—Arrival Of the Brooklyn—News from Havana—Sale of Ice— Coal Contracts—The Brooklyn and Her Crew, dc., dc. Since the sailing of the Rhode Island we have had nothing from the Gulf coast. All the exeitement appears to be at this point, and I am led to believe, from the con- centration of troops here, that we may have active operations within this immediate neighborhood. On the 8th inst. the steamer Philadelphia arrived from New York, bringing Company D, First artillery, Brevet Major Haskin commanding, to relieve Light Company K, of the same regiment, now stationed at Fort Taylor. Company K will return North on the Philadelphia when she returns from Fort Pickens, where she has gone with commissary and quartermaster’s stores. Capt. Webber, now temporarily commanding Company K, returns with them. Ho has been three years in Florida, and for a long time at this post. He was here with Captain Brannau during the secession troubles, and with his company frst occupied Fort Taylor, when it was threatened by the secession portion of the Key West population. Captain ‘Webber leaves many friends here who unite in wishing him future prosperity and rapid promation. On the 10th instant the bunboat Tahoma, Lieutenant Commanding J. C. Howell, arrived from Philadelphia, having been deinyed in her passage by constant strong southerly winds and the stiff working of ber new machine- ry. She, together with the Itasca, sti!l remain in the harbor, and will be here for some days yet. It will take but very little time for our government to discover the necessity of the immediate construction of a machine shop at this place. I have spoken of this sub- jeot before, but it is becoming so pressing that I venture to mention it again, and urge that it be taken into con” deration. We have here a building, or rather the walls of ome, that was constructed through the in. fluence of Mr. Mallory (now the rebel Secre- tary of the Navy), and originally intended for the Storage of coal. This would answer admirably for the purpose I have spoken of,’and is large enough for a ma- chine and blacksmith shop, foundry and forge, that could do any work for the largest vessels we have in the ser- vice. It would require but a comparatively small amount of money to finish and equip this establishment; not as much ag the loss sustained by the government in the de- Jay occasioned by defective machinery which has occur- red since I have been here, and it would pay for itself in Jess than a year after coastruction. Key West is destined to be in future one of the most important points om our Southern coast for a great naval depot. Why it has not been so before I cannot imagine. ing the finest harbor on our Southern coast, with ‘water enough for ships of the heaviest draught to lay alongside the wharves; a climate that has no superior, at ail times remarkably healthy, it offers advantages supe. rior to any port south of the Chesapeak Om the Lith inst, the United States steamer Florida commander J. R. Goldsborough, arrived, direct from Port Royal. Shy sajied the same day on a cruise—which moans that her destination is only known to her com. mander and those who control his movements. 1am confident that a few days, however, will reveal where she went, aod that I will be enabled to furnish the read ers of the Hera very interesting information regarding her cru By the arrival of the Philadeipbia and Florida we have 4ates from New York to the Sd inst. The news confirm ing the reports we have heard via Mobile, regarding the delivery of Mason, Siideli & C@ to the protection of the English flag. The loyal people of Key West rejoice at the decision of our go- | vernment, and are now easy as to the probability of a foreign war; while the secessionists (and I regret to aay | there are still maoy of them Lere) are much dejected, for they were confident that war with England would place them undar the protection of the British flag, or by Eng- land’s power the piace would have been given to Jeff Davia & Co.; they would have bad no objection to either | arrangement, so that they were released from allegiance | to the government of the United States. | 1 regret to say, from all Iean see and bear, that many | of the most wealthy and influential men of this place, ai- though they have taken the orth of allegiance, are still | at heart as strong secessionists as when they hoisted the robel flag over their stores and dwelling houses, during the Grst of our present troubles. It is evident their NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, JANUARY 23, 1862. caught violating the regarding wale have been visited by the Provost guard, the liquor de- stroyed, the establishments closed up and the proprietors consigned to quarters in Fort Taylor. Such is the fate of those who will disobey martial iaw. I am pleased to gay that Captain Hunt, of the Engi- neers, is now busily engaged constructing formidable sand ‘batteries on the north and eastern sides of this iskend. They will mount ony | ‘and very heavy guns; and as it will require but little time to oompieve them, they, with the large force now here and expected to arrive, will render the island impregnable to any force that may venture to attack. We cannot appreciate too hichly the importance of this place, and it tha great Satisfaction to feet the security that the presence of ® large force has given, Ihave fear only regarding our supply of water. We are very short now, and what will be our condition when all the troops arrive that are re- ported to be on the way I cannot pretend to say, as the overnaent appears to have made uo preparation for (he Emergency. However, we must hope for the best and wish for rain. The steam sloop-of-war Brooklyn, Captain Thomas T. Craven (late commander of the Potomac flotilla), has ar- rived, and is now busy coaling; she will sail in a few daya tojoin the Gulf squadron, and will Dll the place now vacant by the absence of the Richmond. Lieutenant R. B. Lowry, late First Lieutenant of the Pawnee and com mander of the Freeborn and Underwriter, is her execu- tive officer. To morrow should bring us the Connecticut and Errics- son; the former with supplies, the latter with the Ninety- first regiment, New York Volunteers; they will aot bring us later news than we have received by the Columbia and Karnak, whose mails arrived here this morning by the Nonpariel from Havana. By the Karnak we learn that the English screw ship-of-the-line Conqueror, one hundred guns, which recently went ashore at Rum Key, near Nassau, has become atota! loas. The Bull Dog, Hnglish war steamer,has been to the wreck, and returned to Nassau with many of her heavy guns and other material. ‘When the news of the joss of the Conqueror reached Havana, Commander Ridgley, of the United States steam- @r Santiago de Cuba, then in port, immediately tendered to Mr. Crawford, the English Consul General, through Mr. Shufeldt, ovr Consul General, the services of his vessel to proceed to the scene of the wreck and give ali the assistance in his power. The off-r was however declined on theground that the news having been so long coming the assistance offered would be of no avail, as the vessel would be, in all probability, etther a total loss or else have been gotten off. The correspcadence which passed between the two Consuls on the subject was,1 learn, of a very pleasant nature; aud J am glad to know our offer of assistance was some twelve hours ahead of the same offer on the part of the French naval commander. So we go—war one week, friendly relations the next. To-day we have had an excellent drill of a section of Cant. Webbor’s light battery. The fring from the two six- pounders composing the section was very rapid, and Cap- tain W. deserves high praise for the condition aad efti- ciency of all connected with his company. Immediately on the arrival of the Ninetieth regiment, the sutler purchased all the ice now on the island; conse- quently we are now without a particle and are suffering for the want of it. This sale should not have been per. mitted, for the reason that ibe regular customers of the ice house, those who have patronized it for years, are now debarred from the only luxury we possess, merely to swell the enormous profits of a man who makes hia money out of the hard earnings of the soldier. 1 trust some enterprising man, knowing these facts, will at once ship a cargo to this place: he will be dog us a great kindness, and at the same time makes profitable opera- tion for himself. I have this morning been informed by our Naval Store- keoper, and by the captains of the vessels bringing coal to this port, of the operations of the persons having the contract to furaish the government with coal, whici:, for consummate rascality ¢ can use no milder term), is about equal to anything] have ever heard or could have conceived of. The contractors, I understand, are the no- torious tirm of Tyler, Stone & Co., of Philadelphia, and are the same who figured so largely under Toucey’s ad- ministration of the Navy Department. The plan of ope- ration is the following:—The vessels are chartered at $425 per ton, delivered at this port—such is the face of the bill of lading—freight payable by the government. They then compel the captain, be, fore giving him the charter, to enter into a posi- tive agreement to pay to them (Tyler, Stone & Co.) five per cent of the gross amount of their freight money, also to pay for all short in the delivery of the cargo. As the coal ia put on board by Tyler, Stone & Co.’s own weight. and bill of ladis ned therefor, the conze- quence is that on delivery every cargo fails short from five to eight per cent, which hag to be paid for onthe veasel’s return, when, if the truth were known, the amount of coal short had uever been on board. On the vessel's return the captain presents his receipt for coal delivered, which is forwarded to Washington, and a draft iscent him for theamount on the Navy Agent at Phila- deiphia, When this draft is precented for payment the captain is informed by the Navy Agent that he has no money, but the draft will be cashed by his friends, Tylér, Stone & Co., for two and a half per cent discount. This shave the tain mi submit to before being able to procure hfs freight money, consequently the snug Sum of at least twelve anda half per cent on the freight falls into the pockets of Tyler, Stone & Co., when the government su} it has been paid to the parties to whom it is justly duo. But this is not all; they also require an additioualfive per cent on any amount that may be paid for demurrage, or extra freight, in caso of the vessel being sent to any of the stations of the Gulf blockading vessels. Tho information given above is not pon mere hearsay. Ihave it direct, and the same will be said upon oath if necessary by the naval storekeeper, his clerk and the captains of every vessel that bas dis- charged coal here within the lust six weeks. I trust what I have written on this subject may reach the proper authorities, and that Tyler, Stone & Co., or any other firm who carry on business, may be made to feel that they cannot escape discovery. 'Why any people @ permitted to carry on such a system of robbery L cannot conceive. They are well known, and 1 should think by this lime would ha reputation such ag to prevent any person dealing with them. If they are per mitted to go on as they have, government will have difi- culty in procuring vessels to carry coal unless through other parties. Tn conversation this morning with Lieutenant Lowry, of the Brooklyn, he informed me that out of her entire crow he had but twenty who had ever before been in a man-of-war, and that many others who had shipped as seamen aud ordinary seamen, had never been to sea in a square rigged vessel, and some never at sea before. The position of First Lieateuant of a large ship is all times bard duty, and requires a man’s tire attention; but now as our navy 1s situated, depending entirely for officers on men who have no expe. rieuce whatever in the routine of duty or discipline of a man-of-war, it becomes a thousand fold more arduous, and the most thankless position a man can occupy. | Lieutenant Lowry has succeeded admirably th | the Brooklyn is rapidly assuming the shape th | of war should have. Officers and crew each have their drili and are becoming very proficient. The Brooklyn now mounts twenty two nine inch guns, an increase of | six since her lasteruise. She bas the most formidable battery of any steamer of her tonnage in the service, and with it will no doubt give an excellent account of herself. Sho will be ready to sail by the 19tb or 20th inst. ‘The Itaeca left this morning at — with her ma he work not being destination is Ship chi properly done in nid only partially repaired, ¢ Havana. Her Janvany 18, 1362, The Ilinois ieaves to-day, and [ close with saying Uivat the Water Witch, Lieut. A. K, Mughos commanding, has arrived from Ship Island, via Havans, bringing dates from the former place to the 11th inet., and reporting al) quiet throughout the Gulf. The Sagamore, Sciota and Winona had arrived at Ship Island, the two latter broken down. The Water Witch remains here to take coal, and will proceed to rejoin the squadron on Mondag oext, the 20th. The Brooklyn will sail to-day ‘Woe have an arrival of two men (rom Cadar Keys, who made their escape io a small boat. They report the taking the oath was for one purpose only, viz:— to save their property from seizure and confiscation, and that they only wait the opportunity to return to their | frat love with the same ardor and devotion ax when | they expoctod to form part and purcel of the Southern con. | feduracy. Permitting such persons to remain among loyal people is wrong, cs; ecially 90 in @ comunity like ours. A aseret foe is more dangerous than an open one, and for | this reason I would compel ¢ quero, having the least taint of suspicion regarding their loyalty im every particular, to leave tho place, and with- | ut any hesitation confiscate their property for the benefit of the government. Murder will out.” and the parties to whom | refer wil be discovered, and the | end must bo as T said above, Tt does not take long to | discover who and who are not loya! among our citizens. You can teil it by every tovement, by every | word they speak,and I will guarantee that an entire atranger coming bure could in one week point out those mon who, while professing to be the friends of the gov- ernment, are at hoart its very worst enemies. Many of the citizens here, those known at conchs,’! are natives of the Bahainas, and sympathize with, and areofthesame | way of thinking as thoir Iriends and Folatives at Nassau; | consequently ey are the (riends of secession, and many | of them were of the party who were desirousof taking ; seanion of Fort Taylor (urcibly whon Flori These people should be driven from the pl 4 to return; they should go where they belong, still their wish to carry on their pre under the protection L trust “the powers this toatter in the vd of those who have “ih permitted and if it i Washington may this place be woe no business here, Sunday, the 12th inst., will be long remembered by t inbabitanis of Key West. On that day tho steamer {1! noia arrived, having on board the Ninetieth regiment Now York Voluntecrs, destined for this place. 5 sight haa never bo.ore been witnessed on this island. On Tueaday the rogime.t disembarked and marched to their camp, near the barracks. All Key Wost was out to see the sight, and, to the credit of the men composing the | Fegitnont, | mist say they presented @ most admirable appearance, coming, a8 they had, from & tedious voyae rowded vessel. Their camp is well located, and it must be ® delightful change for the men, coming from regions of ico and snow to a climate where the momoter ia ranging betwoen sixty and eighty degrees ‘The regimont appears to be formed of fine material, sud they will have an exeolient opportunity here to perfect themselves in every way. Tam glad to say the conduct of the men since their arrival has been very correct. ‘They are quiet and orderly, aud, 1 trust, will continue so ‘Afow days sines, by orver of Major Hfit, the property of Asa F. lift, formerly « resident o:-this place, and now employed in New Orleans superintendMg the construct ing of rebel gunboats, was seized an’ Laken possession of for the United States government. This is a it should be. The property is very valuable and is now very ne- cessary, as it adjoins the government wharf. and will enable the government to continue the wharf, ao that vessels coming here with cargoes for the Quartermar and Naval Storokeeper can be discharged with rapidit) person ‘itt is @ recreant son of New England, aud 1 trust that before this war is over his property wilt web | of poisoning ich & | same as my letter of the 25th ult., that the piace was almost deserted by troops. I ain ‘let to believe from all [have heard, that by this time Cedar Keys is in our possession. Further than this Icannot say at present; but am confident a very few days will furnish interest ing intelligence, and give us another stronghold in the State of Florida Tho weather continues very warm; unusually a0. We have not yet had anorther, and are beginning to think wo willnot have any. This hax been favorable for our blockading fleet, although I far it may cause sickness during the warm months ‘The Eriecson and Connecticut have not yet made their appearance, but may arrive before night. They are anx- joualy expected, and ill add much to the already lively conditi Brooktyn City News. Daamu ynow ax Over Down ov Lacpaxcm.—A Coroner's in quest was held in Brooklyn, on board of a canal boat at the foot of Degraw street, on the body of a child who bad come to its death by an over dose of laudi tionally administered by the mother. Dr. of South Brooklyn, was called ia and pronounced it a case ‘The jury returned a verdict that the child died from poison accidentally administered United States District Coart. Tofore Hou. Judge Betts. Jam, 22.—The United States and others, Libeltants and Cap. tore, vs. the Schooner Jane Campbell. —This case was post. poned on motion of Mr. Woodford, United States Assist t District Attorney, in consequence of the unavoidable | absence of Mr. F. Delafield Smith, who met with an acci- dent by a fall on the ice. The United States vs. Several Caske of Brandy —In this | ease the default was reopened on motion of the Assistant | United States Attorney, on a stipulation that the case | should be tried at the noxt term ‘The United States vs, the British Ship Oheshire, her | Tuekis and Cargo.—In this case Mr. Chas. Edwards, proc | tor for the British government, asked for a monition to | compel the libellants to prodace the master, the mate or | ono of the crew to give testimony, or if not produced that the libellants should show cause why the veasel aud cargo should not be diecharged ‘The United States vs. the Cargo of the Schooner Otidad | Coe.—The decree ad been entered in this case, condemn. | ing the vassal ag « lawful prize of enemy's property, aud | also for an intent and attempt to run the blockade of the port of Galveston, The United States va the Schooner ward Bond and Cargo.—A decree of condemnation was entered, as ene. property. The United States and Others, libellants, a. the Britieh ‘Schooner Albion and her Cargo.—A decree of condemnation ‘was entered as lawful prize, being enemy's oroperty cap tured while attempting to run the blockade ef Charles. ton, South Carolina, No claims wore inter} in the above cases, ‘The United States vs. Ninety-nine Hides and Stety Bates Cotton. These were part of the cargo of the schooner ‘nab M. Johnson, and after proof Court granted a decree of condemnation as evewy’s property. THE FRENCH IN NEW ORLEANS. The Last Hours of Ex-Presi- dent Tyler. Dissatisfaction of Rebel Rule in West Tennessee. TROOPS ORDERED TO MAKE &, «a The French Evacuating New Orle: TO THE KDITOR OF THE HERALD. ‘Wasmincton, Jan. 21, 1862. T can give you some interesting facts in connection with the recent action of the French residents of New Orleans with reference to removing from that city. By the “French residents’ your readers must not understand the creole population, who are indigenous, but that large and very respectable floating class of Frenehmen who come from France to New Orieans to deal in cotton and other commodities suited to the European market, These individuals come, with their wives and families, to spend three, five or ten years, according to circumstances, and always return to their own country after acquiring a competency. They form an active and intelligent class of business men. They are largely backed by capital from the other side, and add much, in good times, to the life and bustle and activity of the Crescent City. Now, this class have suffered severely from the utter stagnation in affairs caused by the biockade of the Mis, sissippi. Infact they have had literally nothing to do. Besides, they were cut off from communication with home, and have been put to their wits’ ends to know what course totake. A majority desired to leave New Orleans in the summer; but the citizens were so confident that the blockade would be raised in October that they would not permit the question to be argued. It was ‘certain,’ and anybody who doubted it was an enemy 10 the Confederate States of America. They succeeded in indueing a similar belief in the minds of the French- ARRESTS, &e. men—not without some misgivings, which, how" ever, it was not prudent to utter. Well, Octo ber passed and November came. The inhabi tants had given the matter up. The blockade was not to be raised, and the French families were pre- paring to leave, when the Mason and Slidell seizure filled the whole South with joy. The French were puzzled. What was to be done? They took a very common sense course. ‘They sent one of their number to Washington to solicit an interview with Monsieur Mercier, and to get ffom the Minister whatever information he chose to af. ford, The individual selected for the mission reached Washington the day after Mr. Seward’s communication to Lord Lyons that Mason and Slidell would be given up. Ho called on Monsteur Merci the exact situation of the French residents in New Orleans and the embar- rasments they labored under, growing out of the doubt and uncertainty about the question of blockade, and ask- ing for some light on the subject. The Minister replied, without the least resorve:—‘‘France will not interfere with the blockade in order to get cotton. She will not interfere unless a cas should arise which should justity an interference. England had a cas in the seizure of Ma- son and Slidell, but uhat is now happily settled.”” ‘The Fronchmaa had achieved the object of his mission, and mado the best of his way back to New Orleans. The meeting held on the 10th explains the rest. NEWSPAPER ACCOUNTS. We publish below some very interesting ne {fom rebe! papers, affording the readers of the Hxrap a £004 ideu of the latest condition of things in rebeldom. THE LAST HOURS OF PRESIDENT TYLER. [From the Richmond Examiner, Jan. 20.} On aes nas the public were startled by the intelligence that a littie after midnight ex-President Ty- Jor had breathed bis last at bis rooms, in the Exchange Hotel, of this city. ‘The announcement of the melancholy fact cecasioned the most painful surprise in the commu- nity,as it had not been known that Mr. Tyler bad been sick, or even generally known that he had at ail been in- disposed. On the Sunday morning preceding his death Mr. Tyler came to the breakfast table, at the Exchange Hotel, as While sipping a cup of tea he was seized with a sudden faintness, and on attempting to rise from his chair fell to the floor. He was taken into the ladies’ parlor, where he recovered, and was then conveyed to his cham: ber. ‘al physicians were present, and came tothe assiatance of Mr. Tyler. ‘This sudden attack of illness was not supposed to be serious, and gave but little alarm, as it was Known that the deceased, at different periods of his life, had been sub. ject to severe attacks of vertigo. Hopes were indniged of his speedy recovery, and it was not doubted that he would get weil until the night he died, when he was taken sud- denly worse, and failing rapidly, but without pain, died Precisely fifteen minutes past twelve o'clock on Friday night. ‘At ihe time of the decease of Sr. Tyler there wore pre- sent in his chamber Drs. Brown, Peachy and Miller, Mr. Josiah C. Wilson, of Charles City, Mr. and Mrs. Ballard and Mrs. Tyler and child. ‘These wore the wit esses of his iast moments. Dr. Brown had been sent for, and, on entering the room, Mr. Tylor said,**Doctor, I'am dyin, and he fell off into the utter weaki Jution. Ono of the attending physicians approached the bedside with medicine, and gaid,*'Mr. Tyler, lot me give you some stimulaat.”’ "I will not have it," replied the dying sufferer, aud inafew moments quietly breathed his jast. His last intelligible words waa the reply to the doctor. It is not determined, in detail. what will be the order of the funcral ceremonies of the illustrious dead, and they will not be determined nntil the Committee of Ar rangoments in the Provisional Congress, of which Mr. ‘Tyler was a member, is appointed, which will be douse to-day, The melancholy event will be noticed in Con gress this morning, and appropriate eulogiums an nounced The remains of the deceased wera yesterday taken to the Capitol, where they will lio ia state antil removed for interment, it is oxpected that the remains will be removed to- morrow, after consulting the wishes ,of Mrs. Tyler, who is at present absent {rom the city, having loft here on Saturday. It i4 understood that's funeral sermon will be preached in this city, but the detaile of the time and arrangements are yet in the hands of the committee. On Saturday the bells of the city were tolled in testimony of tho public sorrow, ail the legislative bodies were ad journed, and the fags over the Capitol, the public offices and other buildings in the city reraaived droopingfat half mast under the wet and clouded *kies uo: Saturday and Sunday PREPARATIONS FOR THE LATE £EX-?RESIDENT TYLBR'S VUNEBAL. (From the Richroond Examiner, Jan. 20.) THE OWARQUIRS OF TINE DECKARKD ft is not determined, in detail, what will he the order of the funerai ceremonies of the illustrious dead, and ¢! will not be determined until the comunittes of arrang ments in the Provisional Congress, of which Mr, Tylor was a member, is appointed, which will be done to-day. ‘The melancholy event will be noticed in Congress this morning, and appropriate eulogiums pronounced by dis tinguished members of that body, 19 following is the list of the commii range monts and conferences appointed tu Voth branches of the State Legislature — In the House of Delegates. —Messrs. Robertson, Hunter, Sheffey, titan tourt, Blue, MoCamant, Rives, Jones in, abd Mallory. In the Senats.—Mewsrs. Branch, Robertson, Collier, sbeil, Newman, and Johnsoo TUR LYING IN STAT: The remains of the deceased were yesterday taken to the capital, where they will lie in state until removed for A few moments Barbour, Newton, interment.” Three o'clock in the afternoon the ag the remains in state was pert ithe body being dispoved by Lieutenant Montague, Mr. Isabel, of the State Senate, and Bocock, member of Congress: the members of’ Con- $8, of the Senate of Virginia, and of the House of Dele. Les attending in procession It is expected thas the remains will be removed to. morrow, after consulting the wishes of Mrs. ‘Tyler, who is at present absent from the city, having left here on Saturday. It is understood that a funeral sermon will be preached in this city, but the details of time aud arrange mont are yet in the bands of the Committee On Saturday the bells of the city were tolled in testi mouy of the public sorrow, all the legislative bodies were adjourned, and the flags over the capitol, the public offices and other buildings in the city ained drooping at baif-mast under thw wet and cloded skies of Saturday and Sunday. A FINE PICTURE OF THE REBEL SITU ATION. A SOUTHERN PAPER COMPLIMENTS THR PEDERAL ARMY —THR REBKLS CHRCKMATAD IN KENTUCKY NO HOPRS FOR BRECOGNITION--THK REBELS IN a MUDDIA rom the Memphis Argus, Jan, 2.) Price is im full retreat smuthward. will probably continue in full retreat, for thore are several—indesd no Jess than three—federal armies, etch ae large Fetter armed and better equipped, converging ‘upon him. Hiv past vic- vories ha besa rendered valueless. Federal forces have been massed in Kentucky too great fora man of Sidney Johnston's caliber fo venture to attack, and the paralyzing of Price through the withdrawal of ‘McUulloch has reu dered tho overrunniug of Missouri to the Arkansas frontier an enay task to the federals. We are forced back out of Missouri—checkma'ed in Kentucky. Chase hae obtained his moneys in Wall street. The blockade is unbreakabl ty ws a8 yet. In one word, we are hemmed in. We have allowed the moment of victory to pass. We were so anxious watching the operations of England, that we stand aghast om turning our eyes home- Ward again to Gnd ourselves tenfold worse off thea we doing strengthened. ing and domestic necessity quadrupled in price, and our money will goon be exceeding scarce for lack of paper and pasteboard wherewith to make it. We pay fifteen cents @ piece for sperm candles, and are told we ought to be glad to get them at that. Our twelve months’ soldiers time will soon be up; and we cannot help asking, as they do themselves, what ‘have they been permitted or led to do? It is an old and ever-proven truism, that where two natious are at war, that which has the least means must find success in early and rapid action, for it can gain little by time, while the other finds in time the power to bring into eflicient use its more Tied means. Cabived, cribbed, confined as we were, and evidently would be, our shortest, clearest aud most noble policy was to find in the rapid use of our early revolutionary enthusiasm an overmatch for the slower and lest spirited, Dut more enduring North. We speak plainly to-day, be- cause ere the full military policy of our leaders was mado known, we persistently opposed any outside pressure by the press upon it. We speak plainly, because as a South- ern paper we have a right to speak and ask to see the be- nefits that are to compensate for this prostration of busi- ness, these domestic bereavements aud heroic sacrifices mado by our women as well asour men, We ask why the year has past, and we further than ever from recogni tion at home or abroad? We ask why we are fifty-fold worse off than when the war commenced? We ask why we were uot told that our ports must be opened by the foreigner, olae we could not be armed uf- ficiently t@ do more than remain imprisoned by the bayonets of an outnumbering foe along our fronties cy an impassabie navy along our coasts. Where shi e ask relief? Where should we ask it save in the camps on whom have been lavished our heart's blood, our hopes, our wealth, our whole—where but upon the banks of the Potomac. When will we see an end of the farce there being enacted, at our expense? Indireetly every mouthful we eat is taxed, our babies wear taxed caps and shoes, our boys write on taxed paper, our girls wear taxed calicoes, our men doa taxed Dusiness, and hopelessly ride in a taxed hearse to a taxed grave, and we, forsooth, are hurting “the cause’ if we dare to turn from Messrs. Magon and Slidell to look at the country we wore born and bred in, and, having looked, we are burting the causo if we dare tell what we sae. Our cause is right, it is holy. Our suffering may be God's price of success, but who, seeing: ight have been, and knows what is being suffered through ts being undone, can refrain from cursing the selfishness or idiocy that the ing Beauregard, that arrested the march that checked ‘the gallant Johnston. We have gazed imploringly on the lion, while the fox has been weaving his toils. Our press and our people have trusted far enough. We now ask, are we to con- tinue hemmed in for another six months aod lack al! —. orghall our armies on to Washington and lack nothing. JEFF. DAVIS INJURING THE REBEL CAUSE. From the Memphis Argus, Jan 6. A knowledge of the disease is half the cure. This true. ism is as avplicable to politicalas td physical disease, and a knowledge of how tho fracture came is the best key the have to obtain him a mental view of the shat . We measure the value of a household ser- vitor by the officieucy displayed by him in the past, and go should we that of @ public and paid official. How is the household? means what kind of a housekeeper. Where orderand happiness reign there wo say rules the good steward. Where confusion and needless want exist, we censure the steward, and so it should be with the rulers of nation We hare yet to arm that this Confederacy is the private propertyof Jeferion Davia, or the Joint demain of has Gabi ‘ne, and we find it still harder to comprehend how either the'President or his Cabinot came to be considered the autocrat dispensers of weal and woe to this people un- trarumelled by avy responaibility to the same. and are fur from considering that in cession of Tennessee from the des. ‘oln, We were merely making a choice tween two irresponsible Sultans, propped by dupli- cating divans. We never meant in abandoning the Union to abandon with it the rights of speech and of the press, and ag long as we can wag wield a pen, we shal! do both in the assertion of truth, however palatable or unpalatable to Presidents, Cabinets, minorities, or majorities. Our assertion, last Tuesday, of the trus state of our af: airs, has caused quite a fir a ; irresponsible and illegal ‘wielders of auihority, who, holding their positions from the higher servitors of the people, think it sacrilege, and “weakening of the cause,” to fault any of their acts or no acts; and who, unable to deny our statements, would cover the sis of their superiors by asserting ‘that a statement of the results arising from said sins is encouragement and com- fort to the enemy. We seldom anathematize, but in such connection we can scarce help saying—something of the he state of this con- fedoracy, which, judging from the policy of both Cabinets, re already better known to the federal Cabinet than it ig owl Aa oe * We and speal: of the ill-conducting of this war, which has now taken mh our homes some three or four hundred thousand of oir best and bravest; which has para- lyzed all business, save that which puts the money we can s0 ily spare, into the Of the creatures of said Presi- dent and Cabind, Of this war we spoke, when we said so much might have been done in it that hes been left undone. Those at the head of aflairs wer leaders to the war—we ask, how are they leading through it? ‘We have been made to stand still and take pleat rals blamed for not doin; ppears permitted to do. The smothered report of Beauregard has made that trath clear h. We have for months and months been told that would do our fighting for us on the seas. We have been told eg Pee save this ove thing—that in the cities of the North lie the = of our blockaded ports,and the peace we seek and need. We see access to that peace rendered more and more distant by the wondrously accumulating power of the federal armies and navy. We see the advance that was easy six months ago difficult to-day, and likely to be.im- possible to-morrow. We see that, from a shoe latchet to & stoam engine, we lack everything, and that the families of our obedient soldiers are suffering from the seeming fabulous prices they have to pay for everything of do- mestic use. We look to the future, and, seeing but war, ask ourselves, ask our readers.ask our rulers, why all looke darker aud darker as day follows day; and our vast armies prepare to rot in their camps, while their mothers and sisters suffer from their absence at home. ‘Three times since the inception of this war has the road been opened unto us into the very heart of the North. In July after Manassas: when Fremont resigned, when JJobnston moved to Bowling Green. We blame not Beauregard, Price or Johnston; but we ask why they were not permitted to do what they wished to do and conld then have doue—secured our peace and our liberty? Whom do we blame’ The mev at Richmoud. Not ours whys and wherefores. We say our peo We say the leaders to the war have been the leaders through it, aud we simply state the re sults. ‘One year’s reticent sufloring is enough: and as we never were, and never intend to be, a puff sheet for Jefferson Davis, or any other statesman or politician in or out of place or power, we speak the more plaiuly. We believe less adulation, real and hollow, of our public men, who have yot done nothing, would have been atteaded with more beneficent results; aud wo also believe that the sooner our pross ceases this slavish adulation and con- fusion of the cause with any set of men, the suoner ts the cause likely to prosper. REBELLION VERSUS REBELLION. [From (he Trenton (Tenn.) Standard, Jan. 10.) We ragret lo say that considerable evidence of disloyalty to the Confederate government has bran manifested in some of the counties in West Tennessee since the call upon the mili- tis was mad, one county (Carroll) having gone so far, we learn, as positively to refuse to submit to the detail: In Weakly county, also, we learn there was trouble on Monday last, which led to the fear that serious difficullie would occur there; but we understand that matters we settled peaceably and without bloodshed, which was at one time apprehended, In McNairy county, however, the disaffection seems to have reached its highest point, as we soe from the West Tennesase Whig that was found necessary lo send troops into that county to arrest some of the authorities, and to send detachments of soldiers into some of the other counties for the same purpowe. United States District Clerk's OMice. COPYRIGHT STATISTICS. ‘The following statement of the number of works enter ed according to act of Congress, during the past year, has been furnished by Abel C. Willmarth, Esq, Copyright Clerk in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, office 41 Chambers stroat. Maps and charts, 55. Dramatic compositions, 23. Ja order to obtain a copyright, the author or propristo™ lication deposite in the office of the clerk of the distri which he resides, printed copy of the title page of the work, when he ts furnished with a certi~ ficate, on payment of the fee of one dollar. The law, also, requires that a copy of the work shall be deposited in the clerk's office withiv three months from the publication thereof, which is forwarded by the clerk to the Patent Oitica ib Washington. Tho duration of w copyright is twenty-eight yours, with privilege of renewal for fourteen, years at the expiration of (he torm Supreme Court—Special Term, Before Hon. Judge Barnard Say, 22.—The Hackensack and New York Railroad Com. pany vs. William Boardnan.—Roference ordered William H. Johneon and others vs. Prederick W. Allen. — Motion granted, and $10 costa to abide the event David F. Beck vs. Lewis B. Loder and others —Motion denied, $10 costs to abide the event The Same ve. the Same.—Motion denied, with toava to renew on stating grounds of belief Ruavell Sturgis va. Alden 8. Crowell. Motion granted Aaron Kimball and others vs. Aaron H. Bean.—Aliow five per cent ordere Inthe matter of the Petstion of Cyrua Yale, Ir, for the Appointment of New Trvs'res —Motion granted James Rogers vs. Nicholas Morris. —Uhe defendant is en titled to the coets of appeal im the Supreme Court, under the order as presented W". i. Roberts vs. Washington 8. Whitney —Motion granted, without prejudice to an appeal from the taxation by the olor, The Court of Appe Calendar. Auwany, Jan. 22, 1962. ‘The following ia the calendar for the Court of Appenia for January 2% Nos. G1, 62, 64, 67, 66, 794, LL, 13, 16 aad 44 ——- THE LOBBY AT ALBANY. How It Is Managed and Who Are Its Managers. Report of the District Attorney Upon Legis- lative Corruption, ke, key ae. To Hon. Haway J, Ravwonn, Srmaxuz oF tus House ov Assemuty, New Yorx:— Un the 8th instant I received a copy of a resolution adopted by the honorable body over which you presided, which is as follows;— Resolved, That the District Attorney of the county of Albany be’ requested (if not derogatory with the inte- Tests Of justice) to transmit to the House a copy of the testimony before the Grand Jury of said county, recent- ly, in the matter of an indictment involving corruption in ‘and around the Legislature, and the expenditure of money to influence legislation. Although the language of the resolution would seem to call for the evidence given before the Grand Jury against Jay Gibbons, as woll as that introduced against Frederick 3. Littlejohn, from the fact that the evidence in the fori case was printed for the use of the House last year, I shall assume, until otherwise informed, that Tam asked to transmit the evidence in the case of F. 8. Littlejohn only. The following is a copy of the evidence taken by me before the Grand Jur; John Van Antwerp, sworn, says—I am cashier of the Now York State Bank; there has an account been kept in our bank by a man by the name of William Baldwin; Mr. Baldwin, between the Ist days of January and April last, deposited in the Now York State Bank about $10,000; Thave a number of checks drawn by Mr. Baldwin; they are the folloy —The following are the checks drawn and paid atthe New York State Bank, Albany:—H. H. Coates, $50; Hugh Hastings, $1,000; A. Van Vechten, $250; George W. Bull, $200; L. B. Sessions, $5,500; C. D. Easton, $25; C. S. Underwood, $175; “Self,” $250; W. W. Baldwin, $100; ‘Self,’ $50; D. Barber, $100: Now York City Bank, $1,000; *‘Solf,”” $50; 5. 8. land, $100; S. H. Sweetiand, $100; ‘Self,’ $100: Littlejohn, $500; ‘‘Self,”” $100; John Sammons, $30; 1. Johnson, $60; C. Bright, $35; FE. H. Powell, $233 49; Wil- liam G, Lord, $100; Joho simmons, $60; William G. Lord, $100; ‘Self,’ $150: F. S. Littlejohn, $100; William Lord, $200; J. H.,Oliphant, $88 70; S. Ustrander, $300; S. Littlejohn, $105; Stetson & Co. , $150. William Baldwin, sworn, testifies—I reside in Oswego; I keep an account at the New York State Bank at the present time; I have made deposits there and drawn. against them'to the amount of about $20,000; I should think from the Ist of January, 1861, to ist of May fol- lowing; during the session of the Inst Legislature I was a few times at the Capitol; I did not use my influence in favor of or against any measure; I bad one or two mat- ters before committees which did not come up for action; I took no interest in the New York Post Office bill. (Checks shown witness.) Isigned such checks; Igave F. 8, Littlejohn some checks; I delivered Hastings’ check for $1,000 to F. 8. Littlejohn; when I delivered the check to Littlejohn there was no understanding on my part as to what was to be done with the money; I owed Little- john for money I had of him; I have no memorandum ‘which will enable me to determine the amount of money Thad of him; I gave him no evidence of the borrowing; I have no idea of the amount of money I paid on the date of Hastings’ check; 1 drew a check for L. B. Sessions for $5,500; L. B. Sessions 1s a brother of W, L. Sessions, late Senator: I did not deliver the check to Sessions, nor know whether it was delivered to him or not; I signed the check at the instance of Mr. Littlejohn; I kept an account at the New York State Bank, und Littlejohn oc- casionally had money which I deposited. Mr. Baldwin at first objected torelating the transactions between Littlejohn and himself, stating a8 a reason that he supposed the Grand Jury had no power to require him to state his private business transactions. Frederick 8. Littlejohn, sworn, testifiel—I don’t recol- lect the amount I gave Mr. Baldwin to deposit in the New York St Bank; it might have been $15,000 or more; he was my debtor from the Ist of January, 1861, to the ‘2d of Aprilot the same year: 1 kept no bank account; I was interested in the passage.of bills before the last Legislature, #3 any public man would be; 1 was interest- ed in all canal measures; I was intercated in Brooklyn city railroads, in amendineats to the charter and other Brooklyn city matters; | wasa member of the Chamber ‘Comm and was selected by the committee of that body toprevent the removal of the Post (ffice site. Mr. Littlejohn, at this stage of the proceedings, asked the foreman of the Grand Jury whether he was bound to anawer the questions of the District Attorney. The District Attorney put question—State the names of the oomsnities of the Chamber of Commerce to whom you preferred. 6 pasties decided the question to be aproper one. Littlejohn answered—Caleb Barston, A. A. Low & Brothers, Captain E. Morgain, Tillotsen, of the firm of Shaffins, Tillotsen & Co.; there might have been one or two more; I was to prevent its removal, and I succeeded; there was no nioney raised to be distributed among the members of the Legislature; what money was disbursed I disbursed myself, employing counsel and in other legiti- mate ways; the Committee of the Chamber of Commerce raised about $10,000 for my personal expenses and for Mr. Ruggles, Mr. Stiles and loca! counsel. Igave the money to Mr. Baldwin to deposit to his credit, to be drawn on checks; Mr. Baldwin did’nt give a check to any member, or any one connected with the Legislature, by my direction, for any services done in his official ca- pacity; | uever, directly or indirectly, paid money to any tember of the Senate or House to secure the passago of ‘the bill; I know I paid L. B. Sessions large sums of money as counsel, for services as lobby agent, If you choose so to call it; the check drawn April 2, 1861, for $5,500, is not in my handwriting; the check’ to Eastman for $25, to Coates $50, Hastings $1,000, to Underwood $175, and to D. A. Van Vechten for $260, are notin my handwriting; I presume the check to Sessions was for counsel fee and services; Mr. Sweetiand was instructed by me to request Baldwin to draw checks on my account; Sweetland resides in Crescent, Saratoga county; Mr. Baldwin had acarte blanche to draw checks as he pleased; the $1,000 check was given to bir. Hastings to use his influence as a lobbyist; there was twice the amount of money spent to provent its passage that there was to offect its passage; the proporty was sold for $150,000; New York merchants raised $50,000 and paid it to the Dutch church; I ord George W. Bull paid $200 for using his influence asa lobbyist, and to prevent his opposition to the bill; f ordered eck for $50 to be given to H. H. Coates for lobby ina; I can’t explain in any other way than I was to pay when the bill passed, and when that was effected those I had employed wanted their pay is the way the checks were drawn on one day; A. D: Barber received $100, and it was in payment for inflvonce he exerted; Thouias G. Alvord ‘staid here about a month, almost the entire winter; I may have paid him @ thousaud dollars; I knew I was treading on delicate ground, aud Thad no understanding with any one; { had contracts with parties that if certain bills were passed certain moneys should be paid, and I paid it; L. B. Sessions said he could influence five or six lobbyists aud certain members; he did not name them. C. D, Faston testitied—1 was Sergeant.at-Arms of the A y ut the last session of the Legislature: it me the check and said Littlejohn had sont it. tome: I know nothing about the amount of moacy disbursed om this Post Office b question, “Did you receive any money during the of the last Legislature except that you have men aside from your falary or ieest’” “He did not think he waa compelled to be a witness against himself. ‘The fore- man decided the question to be 4 proper one, and advised the wituess to answer. Answer-—I recollect receiving $100 from Mr. Wood, of New York, for doing work outside, furnishing docnm aud urging members in to seo that there was this was on the Broadway Railroad bill; he ga‘ to spend atnong the boys; he gave me r times; Loccasionally treated the members, but did not talk to them about ilo bill; Twas in favor of the bill. The that $400 was all in addition he in tho Legislature. resides in Troy—Testified that he used his inf certain extent to effect the paasage of the Now York Post Office bill; received $45 for ten days’ work; he believed from F. 8. Littlejohn ; his im pression was that the checks for George W. Bull, L. B. Sessions, Cornelius S, Underwood, €. 0). Easton, H. H. Coates, Hugh Hastings and A. Van Vechten, were filed out at the Helavan House, at Mr. Littlejohn's rooms; bia memory ts they were not ali filled out in one day; tho body of the checks were in witness’ handwriting: did not know who gave the information as to the amount to bo filled in; Mr. Alford and Mr, Littlejohn occupied the room where the checks were filled up; it was known as Alvord’s and Littlajehn's room; 1 did not know for what these cheeks were made out; delivered a number of on. volopes, but don't know that any of them oontainod checks; delivered letters to Hastings at different times from differont parties; don’t know what they contained ; I delivered envelopes to C. S. Underwood ; don’t know what they contained; had no recollection at whose sug. gestion the cheoks to Underwood were filled out; Bull was a reporter, did not know what services the cheeks were for; did not think they ware signed in blank by Baldwit Witness was asked to fill them out, bat don’t know by whom, there might be better memories than his, had conversed with Saxe and Rall, of Rensselaer, and Suninor, of Saratoga, on the subject of the passage of the Post Office bill L. B. Sessions deposed-—He was one of the clerks of the Senate, but “resigged” about January 17; he was intrested in. the New York Post Oitice bill: rasei ved money on its paskage; hal no prior unde: standing as to the amount; drew it on check given him by F. 8. L john; it was $5,000 of $6,000: witness idontith check for $5,500, the services he rendered was to ar; for the bill wherever bo bappeued to be; could not how long s engaged on it; did not oxpend a dolla of the money among the membors of tho Legislature; his | brother, Walter [. Saesions, a Senator, was bis law part- | ner, don't rece of the bill; might have paid som ¢ to affect its pasange, but do not pay any sim to any momber of vithor house, or go to any Sonstor or Assemblyman to “fHorseshod;” had known | Littiejoba before: saw no objection to receiving $5,500 tovk it as @ matier of courae, did not know but he had | recaived @ little for helping on the Now York Cham. Derlain'a bill, but don’t recollect the amount, nor of whom recei%ed, it could not haye been a g dol; should k » who paid him, but did not recolleet tie vi it in the Delavan, but did not know in whose room; roomed with his | brother occasionally at the Do!avan, and slept with Pron dorg wt (member from Chautauqua} ; thought the money for the Chamberlain's bill was not ‘in a check, it might have been as much o4 & thousand doliars; spoke to the man who paid him about the money before he received it; did not do mueh of anything for the Chamboriain's bili, but think his brother ‘voted for it; thinks he never poke with his brother in favor of either bill; did not re- ceive money for the Broadway Railroad bill; did not re. enive as much a4 $10,000 during last session. have rece ved $8,000, could not say he did not, but was not quite clear, did not romamber receiving money for lobby. ing (0 1860; gave up the olerkstip of $1,000 a session be. cause it did mot pay. Witness anid —< T want to make @ statement 10 (he Grand Jury, because thore has boon @ Witness declined ‘unswering the ion - oo | that produces the pail of milke is letters from ; took 3} H to enlarge. Erie county jail limits was one; had a friend on the limits, and did not kuow how soon he might be there himselt; might have interested himself in « dozen Dilla; did York on his desk; believed Fred. Littlejohn put the check in his hat, but would not swear; was to recei pposed, itsome, but the batteries were silenced; his facts and figures were lost or mislaid; dont’t think he received any money on the City Chamberlain bill, for be was pot in the ring; expected to receive something on the Broadway Railroad bill, but was badly disappointed, as in 1860, when he was promised $5,000 and did not get it; don’t know who promised it. Cornelius $. Underwood, Jotrnal Clerk of the House, sworn—Had not any bills in charge last session; aever received any compensation for furthering the passage of bill; received extra compensation for engrossing; it was his duty to see bills were sent to the Senate and Gover- nor; received compensation for several bills, the Cab bill and Post Office bill among the number; did not recollect about the Chamberlain bill; received $10 for the Cab bill, he beiieved, for his attention to the bill, but did not re- collect from whom: it was a short, stout, full faced man; received money occasionally for’ courtesies as Journal Clerk, and never refused it; received a check for $115 from Mr. Littlejohn; $20 was for printing, and the rest, he believed, was a present for getting the bill up to the Se- nate and to the Governor promptly; he was frequently asked to do a thousand inconvenient things, not per- taining to his duty, and for this he received pre- sents; Mr. Littlejohn ‘spoke about the bill to witness im the cloak room; the witness explained the routine through which bills go; some bills were read during the last ses- sion, out of their order, without the knowledge of the House; he had received a present of five dollars from @ gentleman whose name he did not know, who opposed the repeal of the Sunday law; received twenty dollars from. the clerk of Mr. Haws, Comptroller of New York city, for engrossing and comparing a bill; paid out ten dollars of it for engrossing; received a number of small presents, but not go much as fifty dollars from any except Littlejohn; Chief Decker, of New York, gave him a new hat; don’t think he received five hundred dollars du the sca- sion; received money each session, but could not re- collect the names of any of the persons from whom is came. Abraham Van Vechten sworn—Is an attorney and counsellor; frequently acted as counsel for bills befure the Legislature; wa3 omployed by Mr. F. 8, Littlejohn on the New York Post Office bill, and charged for his ser- vices; never in his life paid any money, tly or indi- rectly, to any member ofthe Legislature to induence legs- ation: ‘The Success of the British Postal System. TO THE EDITOR OF THE MERALD. Wasuinctoy, Jan. 21, 1862. Tn your paper of yesterday thore is # paragraph form. ing part of the Washington despatch, which pretends te give the key to the great success of the British Post Office, The statement is, that ‘‘the British Post Office ts only rendered self-sustaining by the immense revenue derived from postage on drop letters in the city of Lon- don, from which source &lone four millions of dollars of the annual postal revenue are derived.” This statement is not only grossly and stupidly falze, but under it all there lies an animus that I can readily appreciate. The ross number of ‘drop letters"’—or, more properly, local city letters—in London last year was, in round numberss sixty millions. Calculating these to be ‘‘single” letters® at a postage of one penny sterling, or two cents, the groas postage, you will sce, ig just $1,200,000. In reality, th® gross postage on these letters is a little more than a mil- lion and a half of dollars. From this, of course, must b® deducted the cost of the letter carriers (some 1,400 im number), and the letter receivers (500), boing not less than $750,000. I calculated the net profits on these local letters in London in 1854, and found the amount to be that year $822,000—this is dollars, not pounds sterling. ‘There is an active, sloepless, virulent party in England that, from envy or jealousy, are continually depreciating or underrating the value of Sir Rowland Hill’s postal im- provements. Col. Maherly, formerly in the Post Office, headed this small crowd nearly twenty yoars ago, by making a false return, which went toshow that all the its of the Post Office had been sunk by Mr. Hill's pen- FS tage, when the truth was that, at the very lowest, the clear profit was over threo million dollars—while now the net profit is more than $6,000,000. This was dono by placing to the debit account of the Post Office all the cose of ocean mail steamers, which has never been reckoned in the Post Office See: they are under the charge of the Admiralty, are subsidized and paid far more for war and commercial use than for postal services. These steam lines never pay in receipts, and were never expected to. Every letter sent over the British and West India line coats the government at least a doliar and & half, ided ag call the sole object of the line a mall rout Would tho British [algebra and people con- tinue year after year to pay for that line of steamers the enormous sum of $1,200,000, with not probably a quarter that sum-in postal returns, if there were.no commercial, colonial and naval benefits in the project? Certainly not. Now, this system of ocean mail steamers has about all grown up since the Penny Post law was passed, in 1809) and Is for ray evil, pan expense, as inde- pendent e Penny postage system, and ne more to be saddled on it or confounded with it, than our rebellion is to be laid to the smuggling of opium by the British in China. ‘The British National Post Office, with its uniform rate of postage of one penny, pays in clear protits to the British Exchequer over six million dollars yearly—being almost half (as six to seven) of the entire postal receipts. The total number of lettors sent through the British: Post Office last year was 564,000,000 (of ail sizes); and yon can see instantly thet it requires more than a clear profit of a cent on each one of those letters to produce the profit of six million the drop letters in the kingdom wild gross sum of four million dollars. I should be glad if I could show that they would, as part of the postal reform measures that I have been striving some years to aceomplish are based on the local wants of our city population, and the large profit to be derived from the city circulation of letters. I have long noticed and often remarked that our postal authorities and Jegisiators: never seem to understand or appreciate that under a uni form rate the most profitable part of @ postal system is @ city circulation, If you deny that you muat prove that tne few letters can be carried a long distance, like that from New York to Chicago for imstance, as profitably as the many can be distributed over New York city? But white lawmakers and post office committees bave slum- bered, th roprietors of ‘Bo Delivery’ and “*Blood’a ‘ made fortunes, id the public have boea e that the absurd state- from Mr. un of mode thony Tro} »po, an English writer of fi repniation, now sajourning in this couatry. 1 was i formed a’ iow days since by an olticer of the Post Office Departinent that Mir. ‘Trollope had told him that the boasted proiity of tho British Post Office were a myth and @ fiction, and that if the postal expenses (alluding to the ocean sveata lines te foreign countries, barron islands and pet colovies) were ail reckoned the profits would be mil; and more. over, that (he only compensating portion that returned real protit (o the British Post Oflice is the local city cireu- lativa. The whole statement is sitaply false. ‘The frat part of it from the fact that the British mail steam lines allover the world form no part of the English national domostic postal establishment; and the latter part of (ae statement becwuse it is simply without truth im any of itgeioments. The facts and figures given above—and which can be proved by any reference to a British Poas Oitice report—fully bear mg out. Mr. Trollope has beem counected considerably with the British Post Office, and ought to know what the facts are. He can go about mis- representing Sir Rowland’s postal syatem as hy pleases, but tho misiortune here is that our old fogy, dot-and- carry one Post Office officials will believe his statements, and disseminate the petson through Congress and the press, and prevent # reform in our own ays.em, Tdid not write you to argue at length the advantages of low and uniferm postage, but to correct a mischievous statement where your correspondent has beon gross. ly misinformed. “Still I cannot forbear mi ark touching the advantageous effect of the st Otfica on the trade, taxation, public revenue, vate intorests and prosperous commerce of that ov y. Itdoes not req ie the mind of a Carseoing states. ‘ant to see that sore torms of taxation are far moro tne vonient, expers.vé and vexations than other: kas many English people as y dthat, whether the Post Ofc it does, £1,200,000 profit. to the troasury or come out oven, of run the nation that amount in debt, not one person tas hundred but would prefer @ tax in any other form rather than increase tho rate of pos Tho low aud uniform postage, tha vast conve- hience, economy and simplicity of the system, the pune tual, frequont and ubiquitous letter delivery, give suet immense facilities to all classes of tradesmen and manu facturors that they are enabled to live und sustain their meanse load of taxation (about $00,000,000 annually) w! out difficulty. Double the rate of postage now paid, or & ifty per cant in addition, in England, would destroy (ake away a great portion of the facilities now granted to all tradasmen and taufacturers, enabling them to busines’ with a profit; and there trades. pay m very ‘argo section of ‘the Britiah taxes. ) and convenient postage rates, Combined with cheap nuwapapers, cuable the farming’ classes to know the host markets and goard against belug taken in by spoculators aud sailing at the wrong time. Cam we not see that making the Post Oilico mode of taxation, or doing any otherwise than maiiog this great’ national institution the most con vouiimlartn for promoting Our commerce, woul be = most suicidal courae, and Lierally be starving the cow The country never noed- 4 good postal ayatem ao much as now, when we find irwaives obliged t promote all legitimate trade as the only means of fillimg an overburdened treasury, Who Shai attorupt to prove, if our postal expanses are twelve mill ons a year, aod the money paid ia postages amounte ailiions, that there is in this deficit a ly has not ‘out of the pookets of the peuplein che form of postage, and must necessarily be contributed in some other way. Given the best possible posta! system, with economical and convaniont rates of postage, and we have one of the greatest possible aids to an extensive #ystom ofcommerce and manufactures, Tt is greatly to be hoped that our statesmen will not bo in such haste to levy taxes ‘on the people to sustain our crodit and moot our oxpendi tures as to lose sight of tho important fact that some taxey are comparatively easy and unfelt, while others are misovievous, vexatious and annoying, and really coat the people double and triple their value to the country. Ta the history of Kogliah taxation thiq igaportaps aad