The New York Herald Newspaper, January 16, 1862, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS, TERMS cash in advance. Money sent oy mail vill beatthe sigh of the wonder, Noma but ‘ills current in New York THE DAILY HERALD. two cent sper copy. $7 per annum. TRE WEEKLY HERALD, very Saturaay, at stzcents Tis ae Sevcapus Bl pe one to ony pert of Great or $612 10 oF Bixfontinont, both to faclude postage, the Galformia Edidion-on the Iie th andl lat af cach thomihe tac cents per copy, or $2 75 per annum SED TARE x BERALD, on Wednesday, at four cents per ‘Yorn tanr CORRESPONDENCE, containing important greys ay quarter of the world; / used, willhe Nberally part 3 Ove eek at CORRESPONDENTS Aum PARTICULARLY REQUESTED TO L ALL Lerrers axp Pace: eerrenpondence. Wedono oni advertisementsine JERALD, and in the cheapness and de WINTER GARDEN, Bioadway.—Naiap Quasx—Dor, eae THEATRE, No. 84 Broadway.—Lovs rom LAURA KEENE’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Ovun Aunai- can Cousin. NEW THEATRE, Bowery.—Evstacuz Bav- pin—Gti Leroy. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Sticxxer's Nariona. Cineus, ¥ at nme . BARNUM’S AMERICAN MUSEUM. Broadway. ~! ad Reale OREN NET LEROPORAIN: Waa.s, on Geees ir BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS; Mechantes’ Hall, 472- enone ee ee, HOOLEY’S MINSTRELS, Stuyvesant Institute, No. 659 Broadway.—Eruiorian Songs, Dances, &c. MELODEON CONCERT HALL, No. 539 Broadway.— Sones, Dances, BuRLusquas, &c. 1. —Bouuaian Gia. CANTERBURY MUSIC HALL, 58 Broadway.—Sonas, Dances, BuRiesques, &c.—Nigu?’s ADVENTURES. GAIETIES CONCERT ROOM, 616 Broadway.—Drawixa Room ENTERTAINMENTS, Balers, Pawtommxs, Faces, &c. Bau- AMERICAN MUSIC HALL, 444 Broadway.—Soncs, Lets, PANTOMIMES, &C.—GMOST IN SriTe oF HinseLr. CRYSTAL PALACE CONCERT HALL, No. 45 Bowery.— Buriesqves, Soncs, Dances, &c.—Buicann’s Oatu. PARISIAN CABINET OF WONDERS, 563 Bi —— Open daily trom 10. A. M. tih9 P.M. — spe NOVELTY MUSIC HALL, 616 Broadway.—Bontxsa Sones. Dances, &c. . _— aun ATHEN£UM, Brooklyn.—Awromio Fantnt's Concart. New York, Thursday, January 16, 1862. THE SITUATION. General McClellan was closeted yesterday with the Committee on the Conduct of the War, at the Capitol, from ten o’clock in the morning till four in the afternoon, during which time he communi- cated much valuable information to the committee. He was subsequently summoned to an interview with the President ; but the object of this visit hes not been made known. Mr. Stanton’s nomination as Secretary of War was unanimously confirmed by the Senate yester- day, and he will at once enter upon the arduous and responsible duties of his office. Five hundred men commenced operations yes- tertmy on the new single track railroad from Wash- ington» Alexandria, over the Long Bridge. This work oops and stores. It is expected to be finished in three weeks. A heavy snow storm prevails at Fortress Mon- roe The last portion of the Burnside expedition jad not started yesterday in consequence. From one to two thousand men still remain, awaiting fairer weather. We have news from Cairo relative to the grand expedition southward down the Mississippi river. General McClernand’s force was on the march yes- terday to Mayfield, Ky., and would reach there last night. The rebels who were encamped close to that place, at Camp Beauregard, should, there- fore, either give fight or retire. General Grant and staff went down yesterday morning on the steamer Chancellor, and landed at Fort Jefferson. He viewed the troops there, who exhibiied the utmost enthusiasm*on being informed that they would be marched thirty miles this morning im the direction of the enemy. We are in receipt of seven days’ later news from England by the arrival of the Arabia off Cape Race, which point she passed late at night on the 14th in- stant. The news carried to England by the Hansa, City of Glasgow, &c., had created quite a feeling of cakn in the minds of the peace loving citizens, and had made consols advance to the rates they held before the Trent troubles commenced. The English journals, with ome exception, were of opinion that the British government had received advices of the pacific intent administration in the case of Mason and Slidell. Notwithstanding this fact, the Arabia brought out two batteries of artillery for Halifax. The coupons for imterest due upon the Virginia bonds had been returned unpaid, and an opinion prevailed among the stock brokers and others that the same would be the result with those appertaining to all the other Southern States. This remark has greatly the appearance of a declaration of insolvency. The news from the continental governments was entirely unimportant with respect to the trou- bles in this country, except in the case of Prussia, where, it is said, they ase, at any time, ready for war, their troops being thoroughly organized and well armed. CONGRESS. In the Senate yesterday the bill to increase the clerical force of the War Department and its bu- Teaus was reported back by the Military Commit- tee, amende as to allow four additional clerks to the Navy Bepartment, and then passed. A bill for the preservation of the Atlantic fisheries was reported from the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Petitions asking that a duty be placed upon seeds, and that an issue of paper money be not author- ized, were presented and referred. The joint re- solution to promote the efficiency of the troops serving in Kansas was taken up and dis cussed by Mr. Saulsbury, of Delaware, who opposed the resolution, and Messrs. Lane, of Kansas, and Harlan, of Iowa, who favored its adoption. Mr. Trumbull, of.the Judiciary Com, mittee, to which had beenggeferred all the plans for confiscating the property of rebels, reported a bill, as a substitute for the whole, confiscating the property and declaring free the slaves of rebela, ‘The Kansas contested seat case was then called of our up and debated, but no action taken on the sub- joct. The Consular and Diplomatic Appropriation bill was reported by the Finance Committee, communication was regeived rom the Navy De- | .} ject until Monday week, which was-yoted down, ‘and the joint resolution, undér the ‘previous ques- } * NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, JANUARY 16, 1862. partment, in answer to a resolution relative to the employment of George D. Morgan, which was re- ferred. After an executive session, during which the appointment of Mr. Stanton as Secretary of | War was confirmed, the Senate adjourned. In the House of Representatives, Mr. Conway, of Kansas, introduced a joint resolution to promote the efficiency of the troops in Kansas. A resolu- tion was adopted directing inquiry as to the é priety of establishing a military post at Evans ville, Indiana. A resolution was adopted calling on the War Department for information, with a view to the construction of several branch rail- roads, in order to insure disect communication between Washington and New York. Mr. Corning, from the Committee on Ways and Means, reported @ joint resolution, that, in order to pay the ordina- ry expenses of the government, and the interest on the national loan, and have an ample, sinking fund for its ultimate liquidation, a tax be iamposed, which, with the tariff on imports, will secure an annual sum of not less than onétiuadred and, fifty pro- millions of dollars... Mr. Vallandigham, of Ohio, “| | having averaged in 1860 41,000 per moved to postpone the considemation of the sub- fion, was agreed to by s vote of 183'to5.' Mr.’ Blair, from the Military Committee, reported a bill amendatory of the direct tax bill, providing for liBerating and colonizing the slaves of rebels, which was referred to the Committee of the Whole. The Committee of Ways and Means were -inatract- ed to inquire what legislation is- necessary to pre- veut the exportation, hoarding or melting of the metallic currency of the country, including also the exportation or hoarding of bullion. The same committee were also directed te: report upon .the expediency of reviving the laws making foreign gold coin a legal tender, and whether any change in the laws regulating the value of domestic and foreign coins is necessary..-.A bill. prohibiting the coolie trade by Americans“in American vessels was passed. A bill was reported by the Post Office Committee, regulating the carrying of printed matter outside of the mails, so a8 to derive revenue therefrom, and postponed till Tuesday next. In Committee of the Whole, the Fortifica. tion bill being under consideration, Mr. Wads- worth, of Kentucky, replied to a speech of Mr. Bingkam, of Ohio, in which the latter said that Congress, under the constitution, has power to emancipate the slaves. At the conclusion of Mr. Wadsworth’s remarks the House adjourned. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. The news by the Arabia, off Cape Race, en route for Halifax and New York, is seven days later. ‘The Hansa, City of Glasgow and Anglo-Saxon were reported as having arrived out, but no word has reached us relative to the Africa, which started from this port one day before those vessels. It was supposed in France, in consequence of a remark which fell from the lips of the Emperor on New Year’s day, that some terms had been entered into for the French troops to evacuate Rome. In Italy it is very confidently asserted that when the Italian Parliament declare Rome to be the capital of that country the temporal power of the Pope will cease. No business was transacted by the Commis- sioners of Emigration yesterday, in consequence ofaquorum not being present when the roll was called. The weekly statement was presented, and shows that the number of emigrants who arrived here up to the 15th instant was 623, against 742 up to the same date last yeat. The number of in- mates on Ward’s Island is 780. The Treasurer's report shows a balance in the bank of $3,683 35. The steamship Asia, which sailed from this port yesterday for Liverpool, took out $203,903 in specie. In the State Senate yesterday the resolution re- generar echinge of prisoners with we rebels was adopted. The bill authorizing the Kings county Supervisors to provide by taxation for the support of volunteers’ families was reported upon favorably. Notice was given of a bill to incorpo- rate the Ladies’ Educational Union of New York. Various other bills were noticed, and several in- troduced, but the majority of them were of minor importance. Senator Richard B. Connolly, of this city, was appointed on the part of the Senate to apportion the State into Congressional districts, in accordance with the last census returns. In the Assembly the Speaker announced the stand- ing committees. The following gentlemen com. pose the Committee on Cities:—Messrs. Pringle, Coddington, Benedict, Seymour, Halsey, Ful- ton and Porter. Bills were introduced for the relief of New York soldiers who are prisoners of war; for the support of Volun- teers’ families by a State tax; to repeal the capi. tal punishment law; to fix the compensation of our City Chamberlain, and to exempt soldiers from all military taxation. A concurrent resolution was introduced, but laid over, for application to Con- gress to make appropriation for the defence of New York harbor and the Northern and Western lake ports. On a question of privilege, the report of the recent speech of Alderman Brady, of this city, charging that he bought up the Legislature of 1861, was read, and, on motion, the subject was, 119 to 3, after a spicy debate, referred to the Com- mittee on Elections and Privileges, with power to send for persons and papers. The Adjutant Gene- ral’s report was received from the Governor. At a regular meeting of the Board of Education, held last evening, a communication was received from the school officers of the Sixteenth ward ask- ing for an appropriation of thirty-one thousand dollars to purchase five lots of ground on which to erect a new schoolhouse. It was referred to the Committee on Sites and Schoolhouses. P. H. Vernon, attorney and counsellor at law in this city, presented a petition asking the Board to donate the old school books for use in the schools opened for the instruction of contrabands at Fortress Mon. rve, Hatteras and Port Royal. It was, after some very lively discussion, referred to the Committee on Supplies, a resolution having been previously adopted donating the old books to them, to be dis- posed of for charitable purposes. The Committee on Free Academy offered a resolution soliciting the Board to memorialize the State Legislature to ap- propriate the sum of one hundred thousand dollars to erect a fireproof building for the library of the Free Academy. Laid over for further considera- tion. The City Superintendent of Schools present- ed his annual report, which was ordered to be printed. The following is the prison bill of fare which was regularly served to the Union prisoners just retarned from Richmond:—Breakfast—Five ounces of bread, three ounces of meat; no coffee or tea. No dinner. Supper—Half a pint of soup, and four ounces of bread. The men speak in the highest terms of the kindness of the late Dr. Griswold, As- sistant Surgeon of the Thirty-eighth regiment, who died at Charleston, and say he was unceasing in his endeavors to contribute everything in his power for their comfort. The day he went to Charleston he came to the prison and bade them all goodbye. They speak in bitter terms of the treatment our wounded received at Richmond, and say they were sent to prison quarters long before their wounds were healed. The market for beef cattle was dull and heavy yesterday, at a slight decline in prices. The offer- ings all sold, however, at 6440. @ 9c. and 9%4c. for extras. Cows were dull and unchanged. Veals were steady at 4c. a6%e. Sheep and lambs were rather scarce, active and about 12c. higher. Ex- tras sold at higher but irregular prices. Swine were in enormous supply, and, though pretty tive, prices were lower, varying from 2%. a3 for still fed to 3%c. a Ye. for corn fed. The re- ceipts of dressed have also been very heavy, com prising 26,478, which, with the receipts of live hogs, make the aggregate for the week 72,191 head— apy certainty, gp beyond». period, heaviest receipts ever known. The total receipt of all live stock was as follows:—3,668 beeves, 123 cows, 314 veals, 6,293 sheep and lambs, and 46,713 swine. The foreign news received yesterday by the Arabis had a favorable influence upon the cotton market. Hold ers asked one cent per pound advance over previous cur Tent quotations, while sales were quite limited, owing, it some degree, to the absence of spinners with other pur chasers, kept off by the extreme inclemency of the weather. The stock here is very light, and supposed no. to exceed much over 5,000 bales of available cotton. Thr stock of American in Liverpool on the 27th of December 1861, we learn from the circular of the Liverpool Brokers Association Price Current, was 216,250 bales, against 403,434 at the same time in 1860. Since the 27th uk. sales have been active, reaching, during the week yre’ ceding the sailing of the Arabia, 80,000 bales.. Allowing that a due proportion of the sales have been made for exportaince the 27th ult. (including some parcels tothe United ,States) and for consumptiofiy it! is fair to re- sumo’ that by this time the stgck of Amercan cotton in Liverpool does not ; exceed 250,000 baes. At’ & ‘minimum weekly i consumptive Gemand of 36,000 bales per week (the copsymption abne :), it will be ‘waed.up-in'about five woeks, . But suppose we reduce he and which wilt expire by the middle of March or the {st of April at farthest. On the 27th ultimo the stock of Fast India cotton in Liverpool embraced 296,100 bales, “and the auppligs from all other. countries amounted 10 47,100 bales. “It must be remembered, however, that the weight of these bales, on the average, is fultome-third Jess, and in some cases one-half less, than the American, ‘and that to spin India-cotton successfully requires an ad- mixture of American, Hence it may readily be supps. ed that the stock of all kinds in Liverpool cannot, with of three months’ to three, and.s half months’ sypplyfrom this date. The flour market was heavy under the foreign news, and fell heat apd comm, wore, both dull, be tos. in fair request an se ae ee embraced 337 thds. and 5,250 begs, anid 2,000 bags of ‘Rio coffee were sold. Freights were steady, and engagements were modrate. Our News from Europe—The Foreshad> owing of the Trent Settlement—The Peace Reaction ip England. Our news from England by the steamer Ara bia, which we publish this morning, is of the most encouraging character in reference to the expected peaceable settlement of the Trent difficulty. The steamers Hansa and Glasgow, which left this port on the 21st of December, had arrived out on the 3d instant, and the Arabis, which sailed from Liverpool on the next day, and Queenstown on the following day, reports that in the brief interval of twenty-four hours, and in consequence of the news from the United States, console had ad- the Trent affair; that there had beer a con- siderable advance in cotton, and thit it was still advancing ; that there was a dcline in breadstuffs and provisions, and that ‘here wae a strong conviction prevailing in Engand that the steamship Europa, due at the ieparture of the Arabia, would bring a solutim of the Mason-Slidell affair. Here we have the most. satisfactiry proofs of a decisive peace reaction in Erland, and upon the expectation only of paefic solution of the Trent affair. But why this onfidence in a pacific settlement? We think thé it may be readily explained. The Hansa‘ad Glasgow took out the New Yore Heratp of the 21st ultimo, the leading editorial artile of which distinctly and specifically foresladowed the surrender of Mason and Sifdell back to the Rh 8 AR Tg mw nat Seto explanation to the British government touching the seizure and detention of those rebel emissa- ries. Our anticipations of this adjustment were so pointedly set forth that the intelligent European reader could hardly fail to accept them as coming from some positive and unques- tionable source of authority. That this positive peace editorial of the Hera was calculated to prcduce a reaction in England we have every reaton to believe; and this good effect was all the more probable in view of the fact that this journal had been so industriously misrepresented by its enemies at home and abroad as to be regarded in England as the “raw head and blooly bones” of an implacable American mob, intent, above all things and at all hazards, upon awar with England. We may well imagine, therefore, the effect upon the English reader of « leading article in the Heratp broadly foreshadowing and fully endorsing the pacific adjustment of this Trent affair upon the basis of Earl Rus- sell’s ultimatum, and yet in full aceord with our own doctrines of neutral maritine rights. The complete effect of the reacticn produced in England by the news of the Hanm and Glas- gow had not been developed bebre the de- parture of the Arabia. Our next stamer from the other side will doubtless bring us much fuller evidence of the satisfaction of the English people from their confident anticip:tions of a new lease of peace with the United Sates. We dare say that we shall thus have good cause before long to congratulate Captin Wilkes and the American people upon an act which will have resulted in an honest neutrality on the part of England, and a cordial sympathy for our good cause throughout the Suropean continent, which otherwise we might have never secured. © In the news by the Arabia we think we have sufficient evidence of the public opinion of Eng- land to show that the great body of the people of that nation have never sympathized with the belligerent proclivities of Lords Palmerston and Russell in reference to this country, and that the British Cabinet and aristocracy hence- forward to the end of this rebellion will cease to trifle with the important peaceful relations renewed between the two governments. Tue Wratu or Lovesoy.—Owen Lovejoy, the abolition preacher par excellence of the House of Representatives at Washington, has literally enjoined upon his three sons, against England, on account of the Trent settlement, the cath of Hannibal against Rome. This is not so bad; but out and out, this indignant patriot, Levejoy, was for a war with England in preference to the surrender of Mason and Slidell. He says:— “J am strongly inclined to believe that we would have been all the stronger for this diffi- culty (a war) with Great Britain ; for it would have made us feel the necessity of making short work with the rebels.” “Short work with the rebels;” that is the secret of this abolition desire fora war with England. The abolitionists think that such a war would drive us headlong to the alternative of liberating and arming the slaves of the South. That is what Master Lovejoy means by his “short work with the rebels.” It means “emancipation or separation.” But now the way is open to make “short work with the rebels ” without either destroying the South or dividing the Union. How strange it is that Owen Lovejoy and his abolition brethren should have the same views of our national honor, on this Mason-lidell, affair, as Jeff. Davia, and his confederates. The Abolition Bloodhounds after General McClellan and the Officers of the Army. The truculent and atrocious organ of the abolitionists pure and simple, and of the radical revolutionary republicans who fra- ternize with them, came out on Monday and Tuesday in several vile articles against General McClellan, because he has not yet advanced upon Richmond, and perpetrated another Bull run disaster, at the instigation of the fanatics whose clamors precipitated the battle of the plains of Manassas on the 21st of vanced to the quotations current before | July. Finding that McClellan is too gooda general to be moved from his purpose by its | of raw materials. insane rant, the sanguinary Tribune attempts to getup a popular outcry against him for the purpose of compelling his resignation. But we are vastly mistaken about the stuff of which he is made if he will either retire from his post at the dictation of an anti-slavery faction and its organs, or move forward against the enemy an hour before his preparation is complete. In a leader under the caption of “The National Finances,” directed against the plans of the Sec- retary of the Treasury, the Tribune says:—“If our armies.are.saon to advance’ and fight and crush out the rebellion, we can stand almest any temporary-derangement; ifwe are to per- sist in getting ready to fight at some indefinite fature period, itwill be very hard to preserve our finances from serious dilapidation;” and then it'adds that Congress ought to “wait to see what is to be done before providing for another fiscal year.” “The design of this is palpable. It is to force McClellan to a premature advance or cause the army to be crippled and even dis_ banded for want.of money. This blow is fol, lowed up in another article on the same page under the heading of “Popular Impatience with Regard to the Progress of the War,” in which “clamor for a movement” is declared to be “not unreasonable,” for the following reasons:—That “we have no less than 650,000 men under arms, more good field artillery, more serviceable muskets and rifles and more ammunition than there is on the continent of America besides—at least twice as much of each as the rebela—that in numbers, discipline, arms, clothing, munitions, provisions and materiel of all kinds—in everything, in short, but rulers and officers, we immeasurably surpass them.” Whether we have twice as much of ammunition and arms as the rebels may well de doubted; and that in discipline our army “im- measurably surpasses theirs” may be true, but, according to Greeley, is very far from proba- ble, inasmuch as it is to “officers and rulers” the discipline of an army is due. But he holds that in “officers and rulers” the rebels have the advantage. He thus contradicts himself. If the Southern army is not better disciplined than the Northern, it certainly ought to be, for it is far longer in the field. As for the disloyal at- tack upon the “rulers” of the country, and the disparagement of General McClellan and the other officers of the army, it is only in-keeping with the course of the Trfune from the beginning of the war. ’ The Satanic abolition organ goes on to say:— “Our armaments have cost the country not less than one hundred and fifty. millions, while those of the rebels would be dear at fifty mil- lions. In fact, so eatensive and thorough have been our preparations that, though we have not yet there is a double stab—first, an imputation on General McClellan’s veracity in his declaring that he is not yet fully prepared; and, second, that the nation is on the verge of bankruptcy in consequence of the preparations already made: though no decisive battle has yet been fought’ Thus, according to the military ideas of Field Marshal Greeley, a decisive battle ought to be first fought, and preparations made afterwards; whereas all former generals of note have pre- pared first, and then fought their decisive battles, these being the ultimate object of all prepara- tions in war. Greeley’s method marks a new era in military history. It received its first ex- emplification on the banks of Bull run, though General Greeley assures us that battle was lost, not from the adoption of his great prin- ciple of war, but from the opposite—from too much preparation instead of too little. He actually maintains that if there had been less preparation, and if the battle had been fought when our troops had been six weeks in training instead of three months, they would have cer- tainly whipped the rebels; whereas the effect of three months’ training was that “they went for- ward without nerve or heart, and achieved a signal defeat.” This discovery in military science is characteristic of the journal which, a short time ago, published an editorial article to show that American troops could never be improved by military training, and that the less they were subjected to it the better. Greeley dectares that he “most undoubtingly believes” the real seeret of McClellan not ad- vancing te be that “many officers in high posi- tion in our armies (including, of course, the Commander-in-Chief) do not mean that the Tebels shall be too severely whipped”—that “what suits them best is a war, all expense and little or no fighting, until the loyal States shall be exhausted, discouraged, disgusted and ready to buy a peace of Jeff. Davis by almost any possible surrender.” Such is the vile charge brought against Gene- ral McClellan and the officers of the army by a journal which, more than a year ago, declared in favor of the right of South Carolina to secede, and maintained that the Confederate States had the same right to revolt and form an indepen- dent nation that the colonies had in the Revolu- tionary war. But in the same breath Greeley unconsciously pays the highest compliment to the patriotism of McClellan and the other con- servative generals. He says:—‘“They are not for secession or disunion; they want the Union re stored, but they are solicitous that slavery shall emerge unharmed from the conflict;” that is; they are not solicitous to fall in with the silly emancipation scheme of the abolition despera- does. They want the Union restored exactly as it was founded by Washington and his com- patriots. This is ‘the head and front of their offending,” and for this the Tribune pours vials of fanatical wrath upon their heads. The long cherished scheme of Greeley and the abolition- ists is to overthrow the Union and to divide it permanently into two confederacies, unless they can extirpate the Southern domestic insti- tution by the sword. Henee the onslaught upon General McClellan and the officers of the army. The clamor about delay proceeds from the ignorance of fanatical abolitionists who know | nothing about military science or the operations | of war, and very little abont anything else- | No thorough military man deems the prepara- tions too great, or the time long that has elapsed | since they commenced,, ft is a greater campaign than that of Napoleon against Russia, and the Preparation has been more rapid than that for any other campaign on a large scale recorded in history. Six months have not yet passed away since General McClellan was called to Washington and the first serious preparations were made. Till after the battle of Bull run the necessity of such preparations was not demonstrated. The energy of McClellan saved Washington and organized a mighty army out Everything had to be pro- vided. The federal arms ‘and ammunition had been stolen by the rebels, through the conni- vance of Buchanan and the traitorous members of his Cabinet. The rebellion had been in pre- paration for ten years. The loyal States of the North were taken by surprise. Upwards of a year ago we warned the government of the danger. We were laughed at even in Congress. Tt was not till towards the close of last July that the nation was aroused to the vast dimen- sions of the war in which it was engaged. The legitimate object of the war is to conquer a peace. But that can only be done by deeisive battles. It is for these McClellan is preparing. Any other battles are useless; nothing results from them but mutual destruction. © Many’ such battles have already been fought, anda hundred more of the ame kind'might be fought without affecting the grand issue. It is not mero fight~ ‘ing that is wanted, but to make the fighting de- cisive. It is in this that the true general is 8een; for it can only be achieved by strategical combinations, and: its accomplishment requires time, especially where the theatre of war is so extensive, and the nature of the country so difficult. General McClellan, like all great generals,‘desires to save the needless effusion of blood. The Satanic, bloodthirsty crew, of. whom the Tribune is the organ, are more anxious for vengeance and blood than for the ultimate triumph of the Union arms. That journal says we are not “playing a game of chess’”’ with the South. But, according to the highest military authorities, that is just the game that illustrates the art of war; and we have reason to believe McClellan is the Paul Morphy who will give the rebellion checkmate. And though the board is three thousand miles wide, now that a change in the War Department has put at its head a Carnot, “organizer of victory,” who will be in perfect accord and harmony with the Command- er-in-Chief, the operations of the army will be 80 expedited that the game will be won far sooner than the ignorant and impatient imagine. McClellan is not ready yet to advance from Washington, nor will it, perhaps, be ever necessary that he should give battle on the Potomac. That river is not now the true base of operations, but the Mississippi, Tennessee, Cumberland and Green are. Washington is an intrenched camp—a great military depot for men and arms, and munitions of war. Bowl- ing Green and Nashville just now are of more importance than Manassas and Richmond. Field Marshal Greeley would have McClellan begin. by rushing from the Potomac upon the impreg-. nable position of the enemy at Manassas. But McClellan knows his profession better than that. Instead of beginning with Manassas, he will probably end with thescene of our former defeat, and, instead of advancing upon it from the line of the Potomac, his blows will come from a diree- tion which will not only insure victory, but make it a conclusive battle, destroying the whole force of the enemy, and cutting off all chance of retreat. We hope, therefore, that General McClellan will resist every attempt to precipitate events before he is ready, and that the President and his Cabinet will sustain him in his course, espe- cially in view of the fact that next month the period of enlistment in the Southern army for one year shall have expired, and great numbers of the rebels will refuse to re-enlist. Meantime it is the duty of Congress to replenish an empty treasury, and sustain the government by such vigorous and comprehensive financt measures as the magnitude of the war for the Union demands. ‘The News from Vera Craz—Spain’s Inva- sion of Mexico. The news from Mexico which we published yesterday has awakened fresh interest in the af. fairs of that country, and fully confirmed our anticipations of the resistance which the popu- lation would offer to European invasion. A general uprising of the people, and a determina- tion to defend all the cities gnd towns of the in. terior to the last, bid defiance to the invaders; and the prospect of a hundred and fifty thou- sand men being soon in the field, to give battle to their opponents, augurs badly for the latter. The unanimity of the people of all parties, in joining together against the common enemy, is only second to the uprising at the North after the bombardment of Fort Sumter, and we may look for stirring news from Mexico for some considerable time to come. The announcement that the Spanish fleet had sailed from Havana, and ar- rived at and taken possession of Vera Cruz in advance of her allies, created considerable surprise in Europe, where the proceeding, although generally attributed toa mistake on the part of the naval officer in com- mand, was by many more seriously regarded as a deliberate plan to steal a march on England and France, for some reason best known to the government at Madrid. We have reason to be- lieve, however, that the advance movement in question was neither the result of a mistake nor of duplicity towards the other Powers, but ofa preconcerted scheme, promoted by Franee and acquiesced in by England. Spain is a maritime Power which of late has been rapidly regaining some of ‘ite former im- portance. The pride of the nation isin the ascendant, and the war not long since under- taken against Morocco testifies to a revival of the old spirit which won for the country so many prizes in the days of Cortez and Pizarro. It is not yet considered too late to revive the comparatively fallen fortunes of the kingdom, anda highhanded foreign policy and a fixed determination to persevere in the design of re- conquering the old possessions of Spain in America are relied upon for accomplishing much in the restoration of Castilian power and glory. Spain thinks that she can doin the nineteenth century what she did in the six- teenth, and that with proper management there will yet be hardly a limit to hersway. But Spain is too sanguine of the future, just as she is too bigoted to the past. She lives upon her departed grandeur, and yet strives after im- possibilities, imagining that the achievements of three centuries ago can be repeated in an age like the present. France is not slow to take advantage of this ambitions spot in the character of her neighbor, and accordingly we see Louis Napoleon leading Queen Isabella to Mexico, and with a significant wink inyiting her to take it. Spain gladly ac- Ritts eey?ts the opportunity, and will doubtless try har«!' to recover possession of the country. A long ‘war will be the result—a war that will absorb all the resources and energies of Spain, and'leay.e her powerless at home. That is the opportunity which Louis Napoleon seeks in order to carry out his designs in Italy and Ger- many, and so gratify the passion of his people for territorial aggrandizement. be exchanged for Sardinia, and the Schleswig. Rome might Holstein difficulty with Prussia revived, with a view to the annexation of some of the German principalities, very easily, with Spain out of the field of maritime opponents. And the designs of Napoleon are not entirely limited to these in Europe. What would be the result to Spain? She would lose power aud prestige at home, incur a heavy load of debt, and be compelled to retire from Mexico utterly defeated; for it is @ country whose inhabitants have such # deadly hatred of her rule that it will be impossible for her to conquer it. A series of reverses would then overtake her in rapid succession, and Cuba would be taken from her about the same time that St. Domingo threw off, the Castilian .yoke- The drama is only» just commencing; but we shall live to see it played out, Meanwhile we | may quiet our apprehensions of a ‘split’ in the coalition. England and.France have nothing to lege by a’change in the” form of government in Mexico; for anything, even a temporary reign of terror, would be preferable tothe anarchy and insecurity which have been so long prevailing there, and Spain is only doing what they have agreed to let her do, She is paving the way to her own ruin; byt that isa matter of small con sequence to the world at large. Mexico has now a chance to restore unity in her own coun- sels. If she succeeds, the coalition will not have been without its uses.” ~, The Abolition Conspiracy Against tho Union—Garrison on the Stump. On Tuesday evening Garrison, of the Boston Liberator, the champion of abolition for the last thirty years, who has done as much as any other living man, except, perhaps, Horace Gree- ley, to bring about the disruption of the Union and civil war, delivered a fanatical harangue at the Cooper Institute; the theme being “the abolitionists and their relations to the war.” The abolition papers say the house was half filled; but we rejoice to say, upon the more reliable authority of a gentleman from this office who was present, that the audience did not exceed four hundred, though the night was @ fine one. This lecture is one of a series delivered by Greeley, Beecher, Cheever, Sumner, Phillips and the other “burning and shining lights” of abolitionism. Their design is to render the disruption of the Union perpetual—that dis- ruption for which they have been working for the last thirty years, in league with the British oligarchy, who supplied them with the. sinews of war, and sent here itinerant propagandists to aid in the crusade against negro slavery: ‘The three abolition morning papers of this city— the Tribune, the Times and the World—have rendered effectual service to the Satanic cause since this lecturing project was set on foot to manufacture public opinion, and to corrupt and poison the minds of the generals and troops of the Union army. They have spread the lec. tures in full before their readers, and either endorsed or acquiesced in the treasonable and atrocious sentiments. They did so yesterday, in the case of Garrison’s lecture. The Tribune praised it as “forcible.” The World commended it for its “moderation.” How far it is deserving of that encomium we shall soon see. The Times devoted half a column of editorial laudstion to “the authoritative ex- pounder and Boston Nestor of abolitionism,” the editor observing that he “hates slavery and holds his breath over the decree of its extinction as it trembles in the balance.” He adds that he is “quite able to appreciate the extreme histo- rical importance of that movement of which, for thirty years, Mr. Garrison has been the recog- nized head, and see a kind of moral heroism in the devotion with which he has given himself up to his one idea.” The Times, indeed, says it desires to “conduct the war,as long as itis practicable, by and under the constitution,” but leaves its readers to infer that the Union and conservative men who have embarked in the war for the preservation of the constitution are to be cheated when it is too late for them to help themselves, and that the war is to be con- ducted in the future on the Garrisonian princi” ple of universal emancipation. Thus Garrison, Phillips, Sumner and Greeley are the advance guard in the crusade against the institutions of the South, and the main body» including the sneaking “Little Villain” of the T imes, will soon follew and declare in favor of waging the war to the knife for emancipation, by inciting servile insurrection and bloody massacres of defenceless old men, women and children, after the example of the tragedy of St- Domingo. Garrison says ‘no class of men ever had a better right to seize deadly weapons to strike their tyrants to the dust than the slaves of the South.” This sentiment was applauded, it seems from the report in the Times, and the lecturer proceeds:—“Once declare them free, and we have no more an army of rebels to meet—the slaves will take care of the slave. holders.” Renewed “applause” followed this sample of what the World calls “moderation.” ‘We much prefer the honest description of the Tribune, which thinks the lecture “forcible,” and in the true “characteristic” vein of the father of the abolition organization. Some silly journals had referred to the fact of Garrison recently removing the motto from his paper, “The Constitution a Covenant with Death and an Agreement with Hell,” as a proof that he had abated in the ferocity of his senti- ments. In the lecture he alludes to this and re- futes it. He says the true reason of the removal of the motto was that “death and hell had se- ceded” from the Union, which, accordingly, he now calls “glorious.” He does not abate one jota against the constitution and the Union, with negro slavery in them. “That constitution,” he says, “could it be enforced as hitherto, would still be ‘ covenant with death,’ and that Union would still be an ‘agreement with hell.’”” He goes further, and says if the officers should resign rather than be employed in abolishing slavery, and in aiding and assisting in servile insurrection, “they will be guilty of treason.’ To which a voice responded, “they ought to ve hanged;” and Garrison continued, “they will deserve hanging. If such men are our officers, then the army is filled with traitors.” Such is the “moderation” of Garrison. It is easy to see who are the real traitors to the Union and the constitution, and about whose neck it is high time that the rope should he put. The government ought to take immediate meagures thet guch atrocious and disloyal sept.