The New York Herald Newspaper, January 1, 1862, Page 3

NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 1, 1862. same hour, the eclonies wit- | Messrs. Mason and Slidell things are and more tend- most holy diberty and | ing towards pacification. Captain Wiikes hag publicly ‘80 justiy stigunatized Geicsed chs ”maning ta Dnekte, thas in Boniting the number of births, which | Trent he bad acted on his own inspiration, not however: bitants, was only 1 in 39 | without having consulted, he said, Kent, Wheaton and ves. ooeded the births. Vattel, the great authorities on the law of nations, and ‘This article sums up in the following terms the benefits | had convinerd himself that the d ofa it ftir from emancipation by the slaves in the Frengh | on pout a Fens rene weve contrat ay ch war. pe eolonies:— we must observe nay wyer, “The regult, therefore, is chat the has teen | the South are not beiligerents in the eyes of the North; successful. Our colonies, for a moment alarmed, | they are cailed rebels by the latter, as was justly resumed all their former activity, and being stiinu- | remarked by M. Thouvene!, and in that character, ac- Fr I TE NE EA ge yd secure cer 5 : tha’ emancipated Mares ‘have generally shown themseles | clrcumstances this formal ayowal of Captain Wilkes, worthy of ts ae ie ea ‘ivale their ree, that » had ajet m pe own fey -3 < pray; either as |-doing laborers or small portan@e, and play e 8 0 owners, they know and enjoy the sweets of familylife,” Washington, which wil not fail ts avai ilselt’ of this. fa- (From Galiynaui’s Messenger of Dec. 12.] cility for getting out of a bad business This, at least, is We learn that General Scott, who was about to start for | the opinion of General Scott, who feels entirely convinced aly, has suddenly ‘eit. aris f States. that the geply of the Cabinet at Washington toLord Lyons isaion, it Yo anwerted, feomn tbe Feces estas: Ot & | ‘will De completely aatistactory to Fugland. may’ add , fed a | that such is the prevailing impression here, Our lawyers Fes meanmnire was decided oa, we are aasoned, after si} SPSLttid i on ihe question of (he ogallty ofthe. anizer® the General has loft his effects beliind, with the intention | % the Southorn envoys. the other hand, ky oA oa of roturning to Paris, there ty veason to believe that his | Brgland apycre lo have decided by ccmmon aocord 4 mission is One of peace and meviiation, Another version | Pakade of the Suuthern arts nate otha 1 udtence by the Beoneten ceneral eas received at a private | cro'in that city believes in war, and that-no reparation orders were transmitted to Havre to delay the departure poke apd for such an eventuality. Pep pe any four hours. inv Canada, sava- the-Senbe dle fons fection Ge 0f thal couniry fae declared erie South, Tt ia oer- “<— Aragoleat Havre on Wednestay iin for New Spt odio hah ike 7 dis,” Gomaens Y haatengers and 470 tous of merehan- | (pont she Revue tes Deax Montes of Paris Number for ie. enoral Wintleld Seott wus one of the passengers. Jannary. ‘Notwithstanding his great age and his infirmities,’ ° ° e es 8 ue e | Le agterens aeres the herole veteran bas not Wogirenot ugjest Lowaids Fugiand. |W comprehend e Sit . : se Baipigs to ae en active pes events w WO ] the ®y ilo with which the English nation was seized at Tetirement from the eneral artived at amMfediately em- command of the federal army, Ltt by fe pos = and . The brave old warric’ retiirns to bis govern- ment the boaror ¢; an 6Mfai of friendly mediation on the Part Of the chief of the French government.” ' the Paris Constitutionnel of December wy Many journals have accused the Consti‘uimneb of hay- ‘ng suddenly changed its policy om the subject of the American question, and they resort to the strangest sup- Positions to explain such a conversion. ‘The tulion- ‘mel has not changed; the neutrality of France in the Anglo- Ameo’ ican conflict is the fundamental idea of the policy which we have counselled—of the policy which appears ‘to us most in conformity with the opinions and interests of the country. We have not printed a singie word in- ‘volving a deviation from that clearly defined line of con. duct. We have indeed acknowledged that, in the quarrel raised by the arrest of the Southern envoys, Enjland is in the right, and that the sympathies of France must nece; serily go with the country which defends, not only its in- suited fing, but alsoa princivle, the integral preservation of which is of essential importance to ail civilized nations Where is the contradiction? How long hag neutrality been held to excluile all sympathy with one or other of the contending partics? —Lesides, thos are either very much in arrear of ‘t is passing or very inattentive, and their surprise is calculated to excite ours. In fact, our declarations on this subject do not date from yesterday only. A week ago, availing ourselves of the portunity offered by certain very just observa- fions of tho Morning Post on the attitude of the Imperial government, we copied them, and hs gear ped our conviction of their justice, [Here le writer makes an extract from a previous article showing that the English and French govermenial policy are identieal in the American civil war‘) As to the par- ticular situation of the disjoined members of the old American Union, we dot think that our meaning bas been ciearly apprehended. In our opinioh France no rea- Bon to take an active part against the United States in any war that may possibly ensue; we repeat that she has received no offence; he: commercial interests would Cerive direct advantages from the maintenance of neu- trality; aud, moreover, botween the South which sup Plies us with cotton, and the North which consumes our Repos and haga, boast at least equal. any reason vance shi refuse to acknow- ledge the Southern States as soon as.they kind conditions rutred by the law of nations to justify their recognition? 80; no sensible man will ever go as to say that such and such a new Btaie shall nover be recognized. In politics it is not usual to make such engagements. It would be frtile to onene. thas br se, ee Southern conten would ing part w' em, aid consequently a doparture from noutraiity, In the diplomatic traditione of Brope, ‘the recognition of an accomplished fact, even of eubjects revolted against their sovercign, is not regarded us a vio- lation of the duty of neutrals, Moreover, such an event, if it is tobe, wil evidently only be accompiiehed when opportune and after mature consideration of al! the cir- oumstancy;, and, a3 we hive already hinted, whocan be sure that a 'monh hence the Northon States may not find themselves unable tw continue the struggle which they have 20 unwisely undertaken ‘inst their former associa‘es? ‘There remai: 8 the question of slavery. As far as we are eoucerned we believe it is useless to protest against the strange imputation that we favor that deiuste ble institu- tion. © * * ifthe event of which we ©; eak chould one day be rea'ized, there would be no more reason to abstain from recognizing the Southern Stats ‘han there would be to break up the relations of good and cordial fricnship which wo entertain with the empir of Brazil where slavery still exists 1s in Louisiana or the “afolinas But until the necessity sba'l arise ot taking a more cided part, anc calling to mind the affinities of race ths traditions of origin which are found even in the aa of various Southern provinces, 22 believe that France ought to think: twice before contributing with her own hand to the ruin of the work of Washington, which was also that of La- Fayette und Rochambeau, of d’Estaing and of Vergenncs. {From the Paris correspondence of the on Herald, ‘The even that Generis} Scott haa papers announce Jeft Paris for Ha ‘The gallant vetoran will omberk on long board the Arago and return to America. He had iuterview with M. Thouvenel before his departure, «nd it may therefore be hoped that his statement of the abspo- tition of the Fret ch government will lead the Cabinet of fashington to adept, in the case of the San Jacinto, that caurse which jusice and prudence aloue recommend, Ga the othe: hand, the general has repsatediy expressed his opinion that his government would not release the south- ern envoys, and it 8 by no means improbable that the Magnitude of the crisis which threatens hia country is Mirageecivel peuse of nd return. lere the beli-f to-day is general that a war will be Qverted, and that the question will be referred to the ‘arbitration of France. It is felt, however, that much will depend upon the state of public feeling im Aorica, sonsequent upon the receipt of the news of the buraing of the Harvey Birch by the Nashville, and doults secms to de entertained whether the Anerican mobocracy will submit fo any arli’ration whatever. The Debas, the former enthusiastie champion of the enlente cordiale, appears to have made up is mind become an i for =the outrages, domlat and bra; the Northern States. Ww publishes this morning a long article from the pen of M. Agenar de Gaspurin, pronouncing in the ‘ost explicit mauner in favor of the seizure of Messrs. }iason ‘nd Slidell, on Board the Treut. Were M. de Gasiatrin’s winion isolaicd, I should not think it worth while to. trouble you with it; but I regret to say that it is shared indy the prin- tipal leaders of the lileral poty in France, and that it cs supported !y Amile Ollivicr ani Jules Favre, as weld as by M. Prevost Paradol and the Crleanists. Thie pAves a. clue @o the state of the p.b.ic mind in Franc Hatred of England isaluays the predominant feeling, and they ar:, Fegarcless y law and principle, ezuliiny over che insult to our flag as a retaliation for owr ie of the right of search. [Trausiatea from the faci soe (oMicial organ) o Tn giving this daily account «: what isgsteted by ‘he Erglish prose, we have no othe: pretensi oS than py © to the pubtic. ona question which in a } igh deg.0o iu o- Festa France und sil Europe, informatio. as oxnet aud mre tial as possible, | We havo ro opinicu to sxpre:s on Anglo-American conflict, any more than on th: ac- eounts by the te Taph of tue debates in the Pariia- Our task in the latver case is coniined to king romewhat clear the obscure deeyatebes which Feach US, Dut we leave to the speakers the ntire respon- siniey ot their opinions, which we are not called on to ‘@ontrol. {From she London ialbhiegs “T° ef the Moniteur ,of same ate, “The present state of things must be particularly dis- ‘quieting for the New York banks. Thoy gabseribed a loan Of £30,000,000, and out of that sum they handed over to the government £16,000,000 in cash, of whicw the public ave only subscribed '£7,116,000.' These | enks have, therefure, advanced £3,900,000 move than ther have re. ceived; and they must, between this time and @few weeks, furnish the Stat. with theother £14,090,000, Be- fore the affair ot the Trent, they calculated’ on advances from Europe to meet that demand; but as their eppliea- tion did not arrive until after that incident, the nglich eapitalists bave replied that they will not auppiy a hil. ling. A Now York journal estimates the expenses of the foderai government for 1862 ut £220,060,000, and te opine fon generally entertained in Fngland is that it will be im- Possible to meet it without an enormous iss of paper money, which, in case of ‘var, could not fail 1» undergo a great depreciatien in value,” . UFrom the Paris Constitutionnel, * « No, tho Consttiutionnel has not changed. ‘The neutrality of France in the Angio-American cntlict is the fanda- mental ides of the poicy which we have counsellod—of the policy which appecrs to us mort in conformity wth the opinions amd interests of the country. We have not printed @ single word involving a deviation from tuat coarly de. fined line of conduct. We have indeed acknow ‘that in the quor el rais.! by the arrest of the So gnvoye Eagan isin th. right, and that the aynpathies of France must necessarily go with the country which defonis, net ouly its insulted flag, but also a prin- cipio, tho integral preservation of which importance to all civilized nations. Whe tradiction? How long has neutralit: all sympethy with one or other of the contending parti As to the particular situatin of the disjointed mombers of the old American Union, we donot think that our moaving bas been clearly apprehended, France ne reann to take an a Thited Staterin any war that may p a ibly en-we; wr reve at tha: she has radia fr Qfence; her commercial interests would derive direct advantages from the maintenance of Reutrality; and, moreover , between the South, which sup= plies us with ortton, ant the North, which consumes our manufacturer and wines, the brlonce is at least equal. Wut fs that any reason why France should refuse to acknow ledge the Southern States as soon as they present tho conditions required by the law of n 2 to justify their recognition? We de not think so; no tan Will ever go go far as to say that such and aw State Ii never be recognized, In polities it is not ual to make such engagements. It would be futil Pretend that recognizing tho Southern Staics would Uking part with them, ond consequently a departure fiom neutrality, In the diplomatic traditions of Kurpe tL recognition of an uplished fact, even of subjects Po olted against their sovereign, it not regarded as a vivlation of the duty of neutrals, Moreover, such an eviint, if It Is to be, will evidently only be accomplished Tee, 14.) * Tn our opinion, re part ayqinet the al te RR KR aa a a i a Ml Nae ste eet oadle o when opportune, and after mature consideration of all the. ironmstances, And,as we have alrealy hinted, who vs \oaure that a month hence the Northern States ma fot dhud themselves unable to continu® the struggle whic thoyfave so unwisely undertaken against their former ar CBates? (¥re fh the Paris correspondence of the Salut Public of Lyons, } Wit! is very cortain is that in the incident about kL \ ‘ the wews of the soiaure of Messrs. Magon and Slidell. She ded ju her maritime pride by the search t¢ tite aac bad yoni taMbeled: baw touched in her honor by the violation of the right of asy- Jum committe on board the Trent, We algo understand that powerful Interests may induce England to seize on the opportnnity of the brutality of a commodore to has ten the dissolution of the great America: republic. It ig not necessary to speak of the resentmnts which st England” has” be eliged. fo take ‘al cther, periods at to the the United State. laterests of two kinds—one political and the other commercial— may lead Eng'and to turn to table account the prerent embarracsments of the Northern States. The United States is the only Power which, up to the present the, hess lita the good chance of checking the English policy. Any weakening of the United States mat therefore appear an advantage to her. Cotton holds suc @ prominent piace iu the economical life of England that the English government may be led to conquer by a coup de main the daily Lreai cf its manufactures. Far bo from us the idea that such motives could justify all the suinmary proceedings which are now stated to be in con- templation by Engiund; tbat there are natural causes for tho hostility of England against the United States is all that we shall state. And yet, to the honor of our neigh- hors, we admit that thero are among them wise and gene- rous «nul: and eloquent voices who, even at the moment when national passions are at the height of efferveacence, know how to remain faithful to the duty of impartiality and moderation, and who do not despair of being able to turn their country away from the violent policy to which attemp'sare being nadetoleadit, * * # ‘But would France ind an excuse in her interests, politi- cal or commercial, if sho were to allow herself to be se- from her neutrality by the perfidious insinuations of that fuuzependent and press, which has conceived the ight of Cpe with England in the event of awar against America. rus it ifest that no interest, cither political or commercial, ought to impel us to take part in pot war, while all interests, on contrary, bind us to observe neutrality. Certainly the manner in which the Southern Commissioners were jaid hold of on board the Trent is a violation of the right of neutrality, and Franee would repudiate all bee. peer if sho approved of such an act; but even should the United States obsti- nately refuse any satisfaction to the English government, should we seriously have a right to alarm ourselves and to take up arms again:t America, as though she really threat- ened all neutrals? In the maritime tinier the United States ‘he affair of the Trent is only an isolated exception. All the territory of that country, its conditions of exist- ence, am tie necessities of the future, are in contradic- tion with that eaception, and prevent Amzrica from making ita rule of right. What danger is there that the Northern States wiil apply that rule to other neutrals? Where are thoir squadrons? Where aro their maritime stations situated? Where are the instruments by which they can aspire to tho sovereiguty of the «sas? Should the United States refuse to make any con: sssion in the affair of the Trent we should doubtless deeply regret it for Ca own oy noel but ote t winks abir 10 see in this manifestation jili’y on the past ¢ American people ayain:t English policy any ‘hreat for our principles anil ou security in maitereof naritime right. The United States will not on that unt cerse to be what they have ever been—the defenders of the tiberty of the seas. We should be guilty of the most absurd political inconsistency if, deceiving ourselves as to the bearing of a pretext for war, we should go and aid the Power which pretends to maritime supremacy in diemembering and lumiliating one of the Powers whose strength and prosperity are the moat necessary for the maintenance of the equilibrium of the seas; modern France—France of the Revolution—is still too young, and has undergone too freyuent shocks to have numerous political es: bet among our rare traditions the alliance of the Unit: ated with the origin i one of our most cerlc.n interes's—that of being able to « counterpoise to Engtan’t on the ocean, Why, in contempt of this tradition, and of the atlinities which have several times manifested themselves betweed our political aspi rations and those of the United Stites should we he (nto recognise the Southern confederation, and thus rati'y the distuemberment of the great republic? HIGHLY IMPORTANT OPINION IN FRANCE. Lownon, Dec. 19, 1861. ‘The Opinione Nationale, the organ of Prmco Napoleon, says that France hasno other enemy but Engleni,and should net weaken the United States, Several of the French journals maintain that France should give moral support to England by rv nizing her demands and by recognizing the inde of the South. Optnion of the Italian Government. {rom the Nazione of Florence, (supposed organ of the Ministry) Dec. 13.) A war with England would result inthe complete de- struction of the fect of the Northern States, their’ chief element of strength, and that they would be thus placed at the mercy of the Southern States which would necessarily become the allies of England. But if the de- struction of the Ancrican flet is advon'agenus to English intevests, i would lash with tho-e of France, for reasons de:ssed ‘from the necessity of countervalencing, as far as nasil, the naval power of England in the New World. It % feared that the war might lead to peure of the alliance between the two great Western Pow +3, * * # Ifsuch an intervent on ceuld have only sp ong at first from the European nesbasity of obviating a var, it might be regars at present as still moro just) .abie, in con- sequence of an event speciaily affecting France. Itis ht of m the Southern delegates stopped a French merchant voesel. The mode of proceeding of the eruiser was neither civi- Nzed nor humane, and gives tbe French government an uncontested right to address its remonstrances to the government at Washington. We do not pretend to say that is was. a positive violation of the rights neutrals, but it was at least a mode of exer cising hts of = belligorents most brutal the ing. a like complaint will al he present 24 ment be ad- vaneed respecting America as rogards tho seas of the now work’, And this wil! compel Europe to supply u reme.ly, as it is not permitted to cFuisers to exercise the right of search in such @ wa to molest all neutral ves almost to banish f. mn of commerce: from the seas. Tae Treaty of 1856, obligatory in thi. very serious matter on all the Duropean “tates, may be wno, in pra.tice complete- ly carried out. Viewed from this point, the controversy may easily from a particular become »° veveral ono, bo- uikotho intorosts of alithe powers are és eed in the issue. Now, it i certain that the greater th. number of the Parties the less will be the probabilities of war. Nor can it be said that the government of Washington will subordinate all other considerations to the desire of fluding in the war an opportunity of compensating by acquisitions made inthe North whag it has lost in the South. No doubt America’has long had the wish to tear Canada from England. But if that undertaking was deemed most difficult whoo the American Union, not rent by civil war, could direct against the English colony its undiviced forces, there is not a man of common sense who would not now deride it as perfectly impossible. ‘True it is that armies are created by the pens of American journalists wit, such facility that they talk of calling undor arms 500,000 men just os others would speak of moving a regiuent. But the facts prove that the strength of the government of Washington ie rather nominal than real, Military undertakings of any importance are ira possible fu the absence eo called. Two great battles eufticed te overthrow ‘he Austrian domina- tion In Italy; the succession of + <irmishes to which the civil! war in Anertca is reduced his led only to the weak- ening of both sides, without any definite result. Nor could it be otherwise where there is wanting the first coutition of eMcient warfare—namely, a standing army. Ornwia, defended by the Engleh veterans, could not be taken by the Americans, even if the attempt wore aided by inewrreetion in the heart of the country. But there ie Little chance of an insurrection in Canada taking place, for even if tho inhabitants of that colony were discon tented, the present condition ot the federal States is noi such as to tempt other poyulations to become part of them. Report of a Russian or French Mediation. The London Pet's Paris correspondent an; that pevthor France nor Russia baye taken any steps as mo tlato-e. ‘Tho Paris Tempe had given currency to a rumor that the ireneh government had proposed to Russia, Prussia and Austria @ common mediation of the four Powers in the pas question, The report was gonorally dis- credited. ‘The London /Teratt says the tender of a mediation in such aform would bea . sace, and would be rejected on that cround, Mr. Cobden Recommends a Mediation. Mr. Cobden, in a letter declining to attend a public mooting at Brighton, strongly advocates arbitration in the Av rican diepute, and says that the object of all nation. men aad true patriots should be to enforce prin ciples of mediation on the government, on the terms of agreement made at the Paris Congrers, Mr. Cobilen thinks that no question ean be more within tho scope of the Paris resolution than the pending ong, acd the trae test of the be sanan of the American people will be the exprented willingness on the part of Eng- land to resort, if wcessary, to mahation. sour such @ conciliatory step meet with no botter response than a deeite by Amoriea to insult and wrong England, ail th power. Of Kuropo would forthwith be ranged on Angland’s tude, Mr, Cobden eaye that tho ory for peace ia bardly enough at the present moment. What is required is peace on principles of impartial justice, and this dest be ollained Sree Seg aes - How Mr. Cobden’s Pro} was Received in England. The London Times editorially disputes the arguments of Mr. Cobden, and says that the course he advocates would ‘by no means tend to the preservation of peace, either in ‘the present instance or for the fusure, The Fimes says:—Wo insist upon knowing clearly whe- ther we are in « region of war or peace. If the seizure of the prisoners (Messrs. Mason and Slidell) was an act of the American government origivally, or if it be adopted ‘by them now, itis an act of war, and as such to be en- countered by war. they it, they must prove their sincerity by repairing tt. It is impossible to negotiate in the former case, and the latter has not yet arisen. There is therefore no room for arbitration. ‘The London News, while asserting that England will be Satisfied with nothing short of full satisfaction for her violated rights, says that it would obviously bo harsh violent and unjust, to deny the American government all right of replying ‘and positively to refuse to hear what she has to urge on the I points at issue. Should there be any difficulty at Washington in at once meeting Eng- land’s demands, a little frank intercourse and exlanatin between the two governments would in all probability remove it, and this would be by far tho best, most dignified and honorable way of settling the dispute. Falling in this, it is for America to propose arbitration and would not be justified in refusing such intervention. The arti- pir herrmped ferrari the tone of menace and insult ‘some y 10 News in another article defends the North from the charges of tho London Times, that the war was brutaliz- ja Northern, aan: ee she projected blockade of Charleston and szranmak by the sme ip as @bona fide operation of war- 2 _* a Secretary Seward sneme m Trial in England. ‘Fhe London Herald of the 21st of December, bitterly criticizes Mr. Seward’s foreign correspondence, charging him with ingolence, folly and wickedness as wanton and mischievous as any that history records. The London Times also has an editorial on Mr. Seward’s despatches, and treats them with ridicule. It says Mr. 'd assumes to instruct the entire human race as to the origin of the rights and prospects of the war in America, ad his confident assurances as to the dimen- sions and curation of the war are belied before bis words reach the public. Important Communication from Wash- ington to Paris. The Paris Temps of December 21 asserts that a des- patch has been received from Mr. Seward, saying that the American government is ready to guarantee every fa- cility to neutrals compatible with the rights of bellige- rents, and would give satisfaction in case of the infrac- tion of any rule that had been adopted. This despatch was dated before the Trent affair, but it is considered ws showing the peaceful inclinations of the American government. THE MILITARY AND NAVAL PREPARATIONS, Two Regiments of British Guards to March for Canada. The Grenadier and Scots Fusileer Guards were to em- bark at Southampton in the Adriatic and Parana on the 19th December. ‘They were formally inspected and warmly complimented by the Duke of Cambridge on the ro eet to their departure from London for ‘The Persia, from Liverpool on the night of tho 15th bad on board nearly 1,200 soldiers and some 380 tons of ordnance stores. ‘War Material ‘iat ie America and the acific. ‘Ten Armstrong 100-pounder guns had been ordered to be embarked for the sea and land defences of Halifax, with all despatch. Orders had been issued for the manu- facture of ten millions of small arm cartridges and one hundred thousand charges for Armstrong 100-pounders for sea servico. Armstrong 100-pounders had likewise been ordered to be shipped to tho British possessions in the Pacific. ASquadrin from the Mediterranean for North America. A Malta desyatch of the bth liccember says that the greatost excitemert has prevailed there, owing to the re- ceipt of orders by. telegraph to despatch as speedily as possible a)i the disposable ships-of-war to Gibraltar, for the purpose, a: it was rumored, of having them ready for service in America, if necessory. In compliance with there orders a large number of war vessels were being asgembled at Gibraltar. o The Mercantile War Risks. Consideravie transactions in war risks were taking lace at Lloyd's at irregular, and in most cases rathor en Fazord rater, The London Times city article of the 18th, in referring to tho warlike "preparations, says the advices by each mail strengthen the satisfaction of the public at the course adopted by the British government, and the conscious. ness that the slight st relaxation of vigor and firmness would be the most fatal event that could happen for the future credit and influence of the covntru. THE WAR QUESTION IN FRANCE. Effects of the News of the Asia—Anxlety Respecting a High American Tarif. ‘The American news, per Asia, was geuerally regarded in Paris as unfavorable for peace. The prospect cf a hostile tariff in imports from France to the United States was regarded with some interest. ‘The Patrie, in sone speculations on the relative naval strength of England and America, draws the conclusion that a war can neither be long nor serious, owing tothe imtnonse superiority of the English fleet. The same journal corrects its statement of Dec. 14, regarding a second note to Lord Lyons. It admits that the note sent is an ultimatum, and asserts that in the event of satisfaction being refused Lord Lyons would leave America, after allowing the federal government three days to reconsider their decision. The Constituticnnel continues to advocate neutrality by Prance. It secs norea- sou, however, why she should not re ognize the southern States us soon they present tho conditions required by the law of nations to justify their recoguition. ‘The Paris correspondent of the Zimes asserts that Gene- ral Scott had no mission from any one—the true motive for his departure from France being simply the critical state of alfairs between Engiand an’ America. ‘The samo writer denies the rumor that Quen Victoria had asked the ox-Queen of the French to request the Orleans princes to quit the service of the United States. The Revue des Deux Mondes urges strict neutrality on tue part of France, and not too much haste iv recognizing the Southern States. Prince Napoleon Cau Ret General Scott to [Paris (Deo. 12) correspondence of the London Post.} General Soott has suddenly left Paris. He quitted the Hotel Windsor, in fact, ye torday morn ng, and proceeded to the United States insted of going to Italy. An oppor- tunity had offered itself fr the General to convey the affi- cious ricws of the French government regarding the best way to briag about a pacific solution of the difficulties between England and America regarding the seizure of the South. ern Commissioners, and consequent offeuce to the British dag. As Ihave already hinted, it is not impossible that France tay, if asked, become the mediator in the quarrel; and at the same time the laws of neutrals may be revised , pro- vided England, «ceording (o the wéates of other European go- vernments on that question, agrees to a modification of the ex- isting code. General Scolt, althor jh suffering much , deter- mined to serve his country to the last; and thus, at great persona! sxcritice, left Paris for Washington on his mission of peace, Prineo Napoleon, as your readers will not be surprised to hear, was instramental in causing the Gene- ral to undertake @ voyage to Washington. What the French Think of the Indian Allics of Davis. The Moniteur de UArmee of tho 13th of December pub- lishes the following remarks on the announcement in the ‘American papers that the Cherokee Indians had joined the Confederate States of America, and had raised a regi sent of cavalry to reinforce President Davis —The moral unportance of this event will be understood when it is recoliected that the Cherokees are one of the rare Indian tribes who have renounced a wandering life to establish themselves in a fixed lvcality. They constructed a town in Georgia, in which they established schools, a printing press, and a newspaper written in their own language. It was under the energetic and intelligent impulse of Joln Ross, their chief, that they rade this progress in civili. zation. But the Northern Americans, in place of encour: aying them, looked on them with a jealous eye, for rea. sons easily understood. They took advantage of the « sence of their chief to attack their town, destroyed it, and drove out the inhabitants, to seck she!ter in the Far West, where Jubn Ross collected the fugitives. It is not suvprising, therefore, that the Cherokees should be de- lighted to have an opportunity of fighting against their per veutors. ‘The Parts Presse of tho 13th publishes a despatch from Washington, asserting that there was great populor agi- tation in favor of "resistance against any demands on the part of England in respect to the Trent afuir. Acoording 10 the same despatch the French naval divi sion from the Antilies would proceed to Charleston, be: fore which the Pnglish squadron was lying at anchor ‘The Patrie of the same date states that General Scott will reach New York on the 24th inst., and is, 'Gene- ral Seott’s mission thus appears to have been arranged so as w allow him time te fulfil it before the ultimatum of Engtand is remitted to the federal government, ut haps to modify the nature of this step om th land."” ¢ Pays asserted on the contrary, that the Englieh ultimatum will be of an absolute charac THE EXPEDITION AGAINST MEXICO. Mastering of the French Ficet at Santa Cras de Teneriffe—The Vessels and Thetr Armament—Intcnse Curtosity to See the Zounves. Tenor itfo (Nov. 25) correspondence of London Times. 2 usually quiet roalstead of Santa Cray de Teneril has not been a little surprised ant delighted at the arrival successively in its waters of a whole fleet. The first ren- dezvous of the Fronch squadron destined for the Gulf of Mexico was the Canary Islands, At this season of the your, for vessels of different sizes and classes starting irom different ports, it seemed a difficult task for thorn ail to arrive punetually. ‘The first arrivals were the Guerriere, Ardonte, and Movtezuma frigates, from Brest, and the Astree, from Ip- rient. ‘They were at anchor when the Massena, bearing tho Admiral’s flag, arrived from Toulon, ‘They’ saluted the Admiral, and manned yards to shouts of & Vive Em- rr!’ Seldom hag the little town of Santa Cruz, coiled up at the foot of its Peak, and reposing peacofull Amidst its orange groves ali’ vineyards, witheasod sich a festival. The population of the ieland swhich ie aware tha’ the flag of the mother country wil uly join the tricolor in @ common enterprise, has yiven the most hearty welcome to the French officers and men who came sn shore. The best discipline and good feeling animate ‘the squadron, which consists of nine yeerels, now an- chored in the roads in two parallel lines, and which, ae- — © the returos of the port captain, arrived as ollows:— a frigate Guerriere, from Brest, on the 18th of No- vem! . Frigate Ardento, from Brest, on the 20th of November. Frigate Astree, from Lorient, on the 20.h. Frigate Moutezuma, from Brest, on the 224. Aviso Chapial, fri ‘Toulon, on the 23d, ‘The Messena, man-of-war, from Toulon, on the 28d, ‘The aviso Marceau, from Cherbourg, on the 23d, ‘The transport Aube, from ‘Toulon, on the 24th. ‘The aviso Derthollet, from Brest, on the 26th. All theso vessels, most of them new screw ships,armed with rifled cannon, ropresent wstrength of three thou- sand sailors, aud have nearly the same number of troops on board. It is said they will take in more troops at the French colonics of Guadaloupe and Martinique. ‘The Zouaves excite the greatest curiosity of the inhabi- tants. Yesterday (Sunday) the Admiral’s ship and the pm pe were visited by # number of tho inhabitants, and our pretty Canary girls are much pleased with the Politeness and courtesy of the French officers. The Squadron will leave with a full supply of coals, cattle and sheep, bananas, oranges and wine, ‘The weather, #0 o2- pricious at this scasou of the year, has been very favo le, Though the Peak obstinately keeps its snow-cro! head concealed, there is a spiondid sun, favorable wind, ahd a calm sea. All our beat wishes accompany the French fleet. Its visit will long be remembered here; it will become a date in Tenorifie, and years hence we shall hear, "That was at the time the French fleet visited us on its way to Mexico.’ PRINCE ALBERTS DEATHBED. His Last Moments and the Announce- ment of His Decease—Health of Queen Victoria ‘om the London Times, Dec. 16.] The news of the serious illners of the late Prince Con- sort alarmed and amazed all England on Saturday. ‘To the attentive renders of the Court Circular it was only known that his Royal Highness was slightly indisposed, and the bulletin which on Satw'iay announced that his illness had taken an unfavorable tarn spread dismay and astonishment throughout the country. Then, ull at once, the fearful afiliction which threatened her Majesty was seen, and on every side information as to the state of his Royai Highness’ health was sought for with intense eagerness. The announcement which lished in our third edition of Saturday. that a change, slightly for the better, had taken place in the illustrious patient’s condition, was welcomed as almost a relief from the state of feverish anxiety under which a'l had waited for nows. Unhappily, this slight improvement, which raised such ardont hopes wherever it was kuown, proved to be but a precursor of the fatal issue, During Saturday morning—at least in the early part— his-Royal Highness undoubtedly seemed better, and, not- withstanding that his condition was in the highest de- gree precariovs, the change, though sudden, was marked, and aimost justifled the strong hepes which were then entertained that he would recover. This change was but for a short time, and, in fact, buvone of those expiring efforts of nature which give delusive hopes to the mourn- ers round so many deathbeds. Soon afterwards his Royal Highess again relapsed, and before the evening it Decame evident that it was only aques'ion ot an hour, more or less. The Frince sank with alarming ra: pidity, Atfour the physicians issued a bulletin stating that their patient was ‘then in ‘a most critical condi- tion,” which was indeed asad trnth, for at that time almost every hope of recovery had passed away. Her Majesty ,and the Prince of Wales (who had travelled through the previous night from Cambridge), the Prin- cesses Alice and Helena, and the Prince and Princess of Leiningen, were with their illustrious relative during all this mournful and most trying period. The approach of death from exhaustion was so rapid that all stimulants failed to check the progressive increase of weakness, and the fata termination was go clearly foreseen that even before nine o’clock on Saturday evening a despatch was forwarded from Windsor to the city, stating that tho Prince Consort was then dying fast. Quietly and without suffering he continued slowly to sink, so slowly that the wrists were pulseless long before the last moment had arrived, when, at a few minutes before eloven, he ceased to breathe, and all was over. An hour afier and the solemn tones of the great bell of St. Paul’s—a bell of evil omeu—told all citizens how irre- parable has been the ioss of their beloved Queen, how great the loss to the country. During yesterday the intelligence was received every- where with a feeling so painful that it would really be difficult to exaggerate the amazement and grief manifest- ed. first fear—a wide, deep and general fear—was, that the great and keen affliction with which it has pleased Heaven in its wisdom to visit the royal family might prove too much for the strength of her Majesty, and that she herself might sink under her irreparable bereaye- ment. A bulletin, however, peetod at Buckingham Palace, stat- ing that the Queen, thongh overwhelmed with grief, bore her loss with calmness, and bad not then suffered in health, was soon known everywhere—such was the eager- ness with which news of the Queen at such a heavy time was sought for. [From the London Times, Dec. a Yesterday evening Lord Sydney (the Lord Chamber- Jain) issued his instructions for the funeral, ‘The custom, which remained in fo.ce up to the burial of William 1V., of interring members of the royal family by torcblight, has for many years been dis continued, and will not be resumed on this melancholy occasion, The funeral will take place on Monday neat, the 28d inst,, and ut about the same hour of the day as when the Duchess ef Kent was buried, between 11 and 12 o'clock in the forenoon. In accordance with the cusiom veua!ly followed of late years, the funeral will not be a state one, nor will the re- mains of his Koval Highness lie in state. All these de- tails, however, have been entrusted to Messrs, Banti who’ havefor 80 many years conducted the royal and public funerals in this country. But few and Simple as are the rites which mark the-e solemn occasions, a great amount of preparation is necersary beforehand. St. George’s chapel, Windsor, where tho intermont will take place, har to be diaped and carpeted with black, the royal vault to be opened, and time allowed for the arrival of the representatives ‘of foreign courts who will be deputed to attend on this occasion, All these arrange- ments haye been carefully considered, and the shortest possibie time in which they can be completod is by the date we have mentioned. At the funeral his Royal itig ness the Prince of Wales will act as chief mourner, sup- ted by the Duke of Cumbridge and by the Crown ince of Prussia. The remaing will be laid in There are two vaunits beneath the Glocester and the royal it. The former wes finally built up after the interment of her Royal Highness the Duchess of Giocester, the last mem- ber of that branch of the House of Hanover. The ro} vault 1s kept apart exclusively for the coftns of the mediate members of the reigning family. Threo cates close tho entrance to this final resting place of departed royalty, the keys of whieh are kept by the Sovereign, the Lord Chamberlain and the Dean of th: Chapels Royal. Except for the burial of the Queen Dowager, who was laid by the side of her royal husband, this vau't has not been opened since the death of William IV., and the dese tions whieh wero put forth by some of our coutempora- ries ag to the place in which the coffin of the Duchess of Kent was temporarily deposited in this mausoleum wero purely imagioary. ‘The royal vault was never opened on that occasion at all, and the coffin evly remained at the entrance to the first gate tiH the mausoleum at Frogmore was completed. bg tho royal vault. George's chapel— THE COFFIN. During yesterday the inuer and leaden cofin which will onctose the remains of the Prince Consort were forwarded to Windsor. According to custom, the body will be interred in four coffius, the inner one or shell being of polished mahogany caged outside with lead, then an outer, plain, but very massive coffin of maho gany; over all comes the state coffin or case, of crimson velvet and with massive silver gilt ornameuts. On the leaden coffin is to be a silver plate, engraved with the style and titles of tho deceased Prince. outer ma- hogany coffin will simply bear a plate with his name and the date of his birth and death. On the state coffin will bo the customary silver gilt plate bearing an inscription similar to that on the leaden coffin. Disense and Feelin; co — Children ar ref nd Those Who Were Absent. Dei bed It is said that the death of the King of Portugal had an unfortunate int ce over him during his illness, and Possibly assisted the progress of the malady. On Wednesday he is said to have expressed a belief that he should net recover. No material change took place on Thursday, and on Friday gy the Queen took a drive, with no idea of danger. hen she returned the patient's oxtromities were already cold, and from that time he was in the greatest danger. On Friday evening he was not exDected to survive tho night, and the Princo of Wales was telegraphed for, Ail night the Prince continued very ill. On Saturday fore- noon there was a rally, which so often precedes dissolu- tion, but it gave great hopes to the physicians. At four PM. 8@ took place, andthe Prince, who, from the prev: | had been sustained by stimulants, began to sink gradually, Congestion of the lungs, the result of complete exhaus- tion, set in. The Prince's breathing became continually shorier and feeb!er, and he expired without pain at afew minutes before eleven o'clock. He was sensible, and knew the to the lant, it must he ered the last moments of the illustri- ous patient to see his wife and nearly all hie children rownd his bed. ‘The Princess Royal, who js at Berlin, was prevented by recent severe indisposition from travelling. Prinee Alfred was on board his ship, Of the devotion and strength of mind shown by the Princess Alice through the trying seenes it is impossible to speak too highly. She felt it ber place to be a comfort ‘and support to her mother in this affliction, Queen Victoria's Conduct to Her Family. The London Timer says that the Queen has borne her loss with exempiary resignation. and a composure which under eo sudden and so terrible a bereavement, coul not have been anticipated. When tho first passionate burstof grief was over, her Majesty enllod her children around her, and, with sealmners which gives -proof of great natural energy, addressed them in solemn and affectionate terms. Her Majesty declared to het family that though she felt crushed by the loss of one who had veca hereompanion through life, she knew how mach was expeeted of her, and she accordingly called on ber children to give her their assistance in order that she might do her duty to them and tathe country, The Po! Position of the Prince Po! Effect of His Death. {From the London Times, Dee, 17.] ‘The death of the Prince Consort has come upon the hation With an unexpectedness which defeats every pro- paration of thought or of feeling. In a mom loyal subject of this realm—and who is not driven to his memory for examples, and t thought for consequences, avd ean find none. sudden extinction of a light, and an interval im before we can penetrate the darkness, The iis 9jarahle friend and adviser, and, in the course of nature, the winstay and staffot the crown, is suddenly weenched nd there is not Aman in the country why woul! to boast that he had considered the e niin zen ¥ prepared with anticipations, The Princo Cun sort himself was tho only man, as it seems, who hac wi bim the presentiment of what was to happen, For more than twenty years his name has been every day before the publfe, combining in asingularly uniform routine works of Public utility with dutiful devotion to his wie ani so- Veretgn, Though precluded from pblie discusstcus wud sel~ don: brought fuce wface either with general society or the world in a still larger sense, he bas yet been more promi- nently aud unintermittingly before the British people (han any other man in these isles. Instead of fretting, as others might have done, against the coustitutional etiquettes which met h.m on every side, ho found 4 compeusation ia the world of art and science, and won for himse'f there a@ noblo realm, of which even death cannot deprive him. At this moment it is impossible to say how much awaits ‘the decision of his taste and the exercise of his skill, to select or to arrange. Yet these were only trifles of the ‘hour in comparison with the oftice of comforting and sus. ‘wining the heart of a woman to bear the imightiost eim- Pire in the world. We have only to look around at the best men among us, and a glance will remind us how few, even ‘of them, would endure the monotony, the restraint, the sei denial and svbjection of will necessary for such a posi- tion, Prince Albert bas discharged it for twenty-one years without a fault, Itis hard to say which most to adinire—his goodness, bis wisdom, or his fortune. In no respect has he been wanting to his difficult post, aud we should have to ransack forgotten stories for a hint that be had exceeded ite duties. Allat ouce he is gone, and by what precedent shali we frame ihe terms of our loss? Kigland once lost a boy king, of whose virtues we read much from his tutors and guardians, she has several times lost the heir to the throne white in the midst of progresses and pageants, Veties aud jutrigues ; she lost royal ciphers and children of promise ; she has lost statesmen in mid career, or battled and hort: broken. The hand of tfie'assarsin has sometimes added wrong and Lorror t© a national loss. Forty-four yeacs ago, in a day of darkaess, when discontent and disloyalty had taken rovt in the land, and there seemed but one soli- tary pathway of light to @ purer atmosphere and to happier times, it was suddenly extinguished, and all the hope of the ion was borne he tomb. It is not easy to compare the fulfllment with the hope, things known and things unknown; but for the suddenness and Diankness of the lors,and for the dismay struck into every thoughtful mind, there can be no nearer paraliel than the death of the Princess Charlotte and her child, in 1817, and that of Prince Albert in this already fatal year. As these one and twenty years have almost im- Perceptibiy stolen away, and the fortunate youth, as the people then held him, bas pursued his steady conrse of duty and achievement, he has eady acquired that calm, pure light of fame, that descends to the latest ages. In our long line of royal personages there is not one who can surpass him for that noblest of all work, the reward of which i iteelf. It cannot be said that Prince Albert has had reward. It isa simple fact, whatever the cause, and whoever be in fault, that he has been but ill-requited, not duly appre ciated, As men who do their work the best are more i than commended for their industry or skill,the very success of Prince Albert's work, ‘whother in the palace or as the patron of art, has itself detracted from his just praises. Such men must be missed before they are known. As if in retribution for our thrifty homage and measured respect, the Prince Consort has been taken from before our eyes at the moment when Vic toria is threatened witha renewal of the frat war which cost her grandfather so much misery and disgrace. ‘Tho very papers which yesterday told England sho had Joat Prince Albert contained the news thal tne infatuated governmimt and Congress at Washington were fast com- mitting themselves to a war with this country. There can- not be imagined an occasion to make heavier demands and impose severer trials on the energies and the heart of a patriotic sovereign. Tho light of the constitution has led Queen Victoria hitherto to the prosperity of all the interests, the happiness of all the classes, and the harmonious working of all the institutions in these islands, Not to speak of the visita- tions of nature, it cannot be said that in this reign legis- lation has ever sacrificed one part of the British people to the other. In the struggle which impends a largo section of the British race puts itself in tho position that it must be humbled and chastised if the flag of England is still to be respected, Who shall say what miseries and losses we may not have to suffer or inflict jn such a contest? Our Queen will be the first to lament the necessity and the responsibility. Who is there to divide and bear the bur- then? Who is there to reassure with sound reason the bosom whose distresses and misgivings will b» at once natural and meritorious? The reception of all Europe and the civilized world in the exhibition next year may be left to other hands. ‘The Prince Consort will be the more recognized from not being there. and the work will be dene as he designed it, and under the shadow of his name. But who shall ever be at Queen Victoria’s tide to exchange sempathy, counsel and encouragement under the phot difficulties, the changing foriines, perhaps the reverses, of an American war? The Prince of presi Hour of His estiny. (From the London Times, Dec. 17.) Her Majosty herself, with her accustomed readiness and ecmy , appealed at once to her family to rndertake the great charge thus suddeuly thrown upon them, Ip thot family there are two upon whem the eyes of ail England wiil naturally be attracted at this juncture, The Prince of Wa‘es is rapidly approaching the ago when a man is held to be capable of every responsibility, and by the measure of ears he shovid now be as coin- petent to assist his mother as the Prince Consort when he ayvsumed that «uty. He has been so educated ‘as to bring him inte contact with a largo variety of men, of minds, of peoples and of manners. Ay a happy fore= thought he has visited the very nation that now reatens to eacape from woree dufficulties by a war with its mother coun- try. If the Prince of Wales is ever to be a wise and geod sovereign, he will now be a wise a vod son; and if he will ever feel any call to devote himsel’ to hiv c untry as his pnrents have dove, he will feel it now. This is the time for that geif-racrificeon which the greatness of a crown as weil as the glory of a statesman, a soldicror a priest inust be founded. ‘This, indeed, is the occasion such as histert- ans and dramatisis have joved to describe in the lives tf ‘inces, when the Prince of Wales willhye n choice belwern a life of frivolity, per- haps of trovile and misery, anda reign of usfulnes?, to make his nome blessed forever. He must renin, he would do; and renonnce,if he would win, It sen aioful thing te say,‘ Now ornever;”’ but experience proves that they who reject-the first solemn call are seldom more ed by any that come after, From all aceounts the Alice has shown herself folly equal to the ocea ceiving her dying father’s confidences and giving motier timely comfort and aid. ‘That the Queet gather her family around her, and address the: 4 time, for such a purpose, iteel proves her cont thet That all,and above all the Prince of Wal be deserving of that confidence, is now the pray of this great country. We know not how much the dest nies, not only of the British empire, but of the whole human race, depend on the youthful prince of whom we hove sen 40 much, yet seem to know to liitle. Tike the rest of as, ho has position, aud honor, and power to win, He may be a true king or a shadew of royalty; and, by the laws of human nature and the wstimony of experience, the decision is to be made this very hour. ing in England. Bat one sentiment was apparent throughout Fugland— that of deep sympathy for the Queen and regret for the death of one #0 wniversally respected. The strongest eulogiums were parsed upon the deceased Prince by the press and the public. The News on the Continent. THE PRELING OF THE FRENCH COURT. In Paria the Prince’s death cansed a great #e: sation, and all the papers unite in exp easions of % ‘The Moniteur, after anuouncing the that «the Emperor, the Imperial family France wiil mingle their regret and grief with the royal fumjly and the Fng!ish mation.” imperial Court had gone into mourning, al] festivi- ties at the Tuileries having been countermanded ; Emperor is stated to despatched an aid with an actograph letter of condolence. MOURNING OF THE PRUSSIAN COURT. At Berlin the news was received with sireng manifosta- tions of popular sympathy and sorrow, w! ile ‘he King hastened to offer sich consolation as he inight to the Princess Royal, subsequently visited the Et.giish Envoy, and ordered the Court to go into mourning iminediately. The Princess Royal of England was un bie to visit her mother from il! health; but the crowned Prince of Prussia was expected. KING LEOPOLD, OF BELGIUM, TO VISIT THE QUEEN OF ENGLAND. ‘The King of the Belgians wi expected in England ona visit to the Queen, The Royal Family to Leave Windsor. Great interest was felt in the situation of the Queen, and bulletins were ieaued from time, to time showing that although her Majesty was overwhelmed with grief, she bore her bereavement with calmness, and had not eut- fered in heaith. The Queen and the royal children were to leave Wind. son Castle for Osborne on the 18th, The Funcral Arrangements. ‘The funeral of the Prince would take piace on Monday Dec, 23. In accordance with the custora usually rolloweed of late years, the funeral would not be a State one, nor would the remains tle in state, The Prince of Wales was to act as chief mourner, #n- rted by the Duke of Cambridge and by the Crown inee Prussia, The remains were to be laid in the royal vault at Windsor, Queen Victoria's Health tn an Unsatis~ factory State=Removal of the Court to Osborne. ‘The very latest news from London reports the Queen and royal family had gone to Osborne, owing to the un- satisfactory state of the Queen's health, The Prince of Wales remained at Windsor until after his father’s funeral. ‘The Crown Prince of Prussia had arrived at Osborne. India. Bomnar, Nov. 27, 1861. Shirting advanced ; 8% Ibs, 528. 10d. per piece. Twirt firmer, Cotton—New broveh, 180. Copper sheeting no- minal, Tile, 681s. Exchange on London, 28. 14d. © erpment securities, four per cents, 84, do. ‘fv cents, 96%. do, do. five and a half do, , 104, tive and advancing; cotton, 608, Carcutta, Nov. 26, 1861, Shirting firmer, Indigo and silk active and advancing. Exchange on London, 2s. Sd. a 28 4d. Government secu. rities, four per cents, 841, a 84%; do. do. five and a half do., 106% a 105. Freights nominal, Commercial Intelligence, LONDON MONEY MARKET. Loxvon, Dec, 21, 1861, Console closed at 90% a 904 for money, ilion iv the Rank Of England fag increased 0 « 49 discount; Eries 24 a 96. Ame ion securities 1s flat, with only Liiva Coateo! share The market Cor triviing sales LIVERPOOL COTTON MARK Live oot, Dee, 21, 1861. Cicew'ar opts thea.lee of the Wook at 2 Ths market Ovenct 0: wdecling OF Kd, : ese d veered The takes to ape: | Fe Were 760, end Uiyo to exporters 6,000 bales | Pie sacs om Fi niay were 0,000 baled, WWeluding 2,000 vo ZZ 8} eculators and exporters, the market cheng stead, the annexed quotations: — iad Pair, Orleans. . 12 10} Uplands ‘The stock in po 280 500 are American. “TG 1036 inated at 581,500 bales, of whigh Liverroot, Dec. 22, 1861. Tho sales of cotton yesterday were 6,000 vales, in- elnding 1,000 to speculators aud exporters. The market closed firma at unchangod rates, STATE OF TRADE IN MANCHESTER. Advices frou Magehester represent the market quiet and irregular. irregular and 1d 128, Td., red Se 1 128, 64, @ 128. 10d., white Western s. a 1%s, 6d., white Soithor® 13s, 6d. a 14s, Corp or; mixed 388, 3d. a 338. 6d., yellow 83a. 6f, white STs 2 29s. 3d. IVERPOOL PROVISION MARKET. ame authorities repcry beef active and @rm. i » Pacon vaxier. Lard firm at 478.0 628. Tallow firm at 51s. a 61s. 6d. LIVERPOUL PRODUCE MARKET, The Brokers’ Circular reports:—Ashes quiet at 87s. for pots and 36s. for pears. Rosin dull at 188. for common. Spirits of turpentine quiet at 66s. Sugar steaty. Coffee quiet but steady. Rice firmer, Sperm oil firm. Cod oil inactive, Linseed oil dull at 35s. 6d. LONDON MARKETS. ° Barings? Circular reports breadstuifs quiet, but steady. Tron dull and tending downward. Sugar firm, but quiet. ‘Tea steacy; common Congou Is, 1d, Coffee teuding down- ward, aud prieas 1s. lower. Rice inactive. Spirits tur- pentine dull at 66g, seo cakes quiet, but steady. Sperm oil still advancing; sales at £04 a £95. Cod ik steady at £41. Linsont vil declining; sales at 358. 6a. Tallow steady at 31s. 6:t. HAVRE MARKEY, Havur, Dec. 19, 1861. Cotton.—Sales of the week 1,250 bales; market very dull and nominal; New Orleans tries ordinaire 140 francs; do, bas 133 francs. Stock 139,000 bales. & < The Very Latest Markets. Livrrvoor, Dec, 21,1841. Cotton—The sales of the week were 2,800 bales. The market opened with a decline of %d., whieh was, how- éver, fully recovered. The sales yesterday were 6,000 balks, the market closing steady. Breadstuffs are tending downward, and all descriptions are Flightly lower. Provisions are firm. Loypon, Dec. 20, 1861. Consols closed at 9034 a 90% for money. Liverroor, Dec. 22, 1861. Tho market closed firm yeste-day. Sales 6,000 balee. Prices unchanged. Breadstuffs firm. Provisions firmer. Flour quiet and tonding uy ward. Lowpox, Dec. 21, 1861. Consols closed at 903% a 903¢ for moncy. Dliuols Cor.tral shares, 50 a 49 discount. Kries, 24.025. Sermon by Rev. Dr. Cheever on the Mason and Slidell Affair. The reverend Doctor cetivered a sermon, or rather harangue—for, from the applause which greeted him during its delivery, we fanciod ourselves at a political meeting in Tammany Ha’! rather.than in an edifice sup- posed to be dedicated to God—at the Church of tho Puri- tans, Union square, in the presence of ajarge congrega- tion on Sunday eveni:g last. He choose his text from the Second Book of Samuel, twenty-third chapter and third verse:— He that ruleth over men must be just, ruling in the fear of God. And from the Prophecy of Mica, sixth chapter and eighth verse:— He hath showo! thee, Oh, mane what is good, and what doth the Lord require of thee but to do justice, Joye mercy and to walk humbly with thy God, The reverend gentleraan gaid that justice was an at- tribute of God most clearly reflected in the ordaining of government; that it was most important in all ite trargacticns, and whatever violated this attribute laid the foundation for an injury that might be ire reparable. The injustice of this* government to the African race had brought this country to the vorgeofruin- but God had arisen to .venge the violation of this law in a way almost as awfil as the crime itself, which cried to Heaven for vengeance When a nation was suffering under a judgment, in consequence of any injustice practised, a return to justice was tho essential thing, without which there could be no ealvation. In all ques- tions of uational honor, or disputes between nations, the first anc principal thing to be regarded was justice, fur nothing that justice required was dishonorable, a: everything that violated it was, and it was alone the North star amid the perilous ocean upon which the nation was now tossed. If justice had boon moted out tothe slave at the commenc-men! of the breaking out of the ebeliion, it would ha een crushed long ere this. but oar government had become @ kidnapping ment on a scale fearval to cwtemplate, It had sanction. ed slavery, and was violating the law of God and the coustitution, A war carried on with such @ view was an unjust war. The government in refusing to abolish slavery took upon itself thewhole guitof a deiiberate establishment of it, and this re- newed guarantee of slavery in the wars made it, so far as slavery was cone: “ved, atrocious, and brought it di- rectiy. bencats the reprebation'of the Almighty. Siavery bad taken away all vur man.iness, nubleness and inde- pendence, and mate us tremble at our enemies, and at the command of Great Britain justice had been de- franded of its due by tie release of two of the greatest criminals, The icaders of this conspiracy ought to be singed out aud mace (he. subjects of ishment, If thers were a clafs composed of 4 cortam number of who had execute this vast treason, then that whole class ought to be annihilated. If these were oxterminated all svurees of division and motives for rebellion would cease. ‘The siaveowners being the prime movers in the rsb-l- licn: a price ought to have been set upon their heads, tor i wil the slave owners were uderned to death, it was but. © rrying ovt what God bas »poimted to be done before- hand, God would certains bast 8 government and people who nersisted insueh wick: :iuess as thiy. It was, the rever- ond yentioman cor silered, nothing but our insane refusal to ex creise justice confederacy that had given Gre: Britain the acy ver 8, and driven us to the bur {tinting neces: binit.iny to almost any von- cession, even when W nthe righ’. God would now allow any nation (o tao us by the Unroui, and, though the vemand bu ever 80 unjust, we ‘not help it, wo had so hampered ourse.ves by deféhuing the rightof the confederacy to tramp.e upou the slave that Heayon would now recognise tho right of apy uation to sramgio upon us, The preacher woukl all the attention of U audiencs for # mement te} on and Shdel— traitors and rebe's, he was § wy \o say—now in our power. Ho hartn edit: ted un tuis 8 cent visit to Tore to, ¥ her progress of tho war or, aud duty to investigue the mater by of God. Ho would osx what did justice require in regard to thse rebels, traitors aud criminals? Why it require! thot ‘ty should be punished for their crime. If smailer crimivais were tried, shut and hanged tor simply following the example of those meu—if a de- serter, inuitineer or a man engaged in the slave trade was punished with deati, how m-cb more should be meted out to the «ling conspirators who planged ' mntry inte this war and rain? By the ja wee al civilized uations they were worthy of death. ue honor, and justice before God Aud man would have oem to have apprehended }’ ison and Slidell, immodiately and suiomnly have tried them for the crime of hig! trc wou, aad if their compiicity in this vaet consjiracy had beco fally proven, thoy shovid have been taken from the prison to the scaifold and hanged till they were deed, no matter wheher all the the earth threatened to make (Tula semence was audience with two rouuds of applause.) God appointed justice, Jt was justice a coady allotted by the government to thy siaver, Captain Gor ion, and why should not Mason and Siideli meet the same tate? The crimer of the authe of the Fugitive Si law wore againet the race, but (hose of Captain Gorden only against individuals, It ‘was not jastive that the understrappers should he hanged ane the principals feed thanks. giving turkey and be set free, (applause.) jow, in re- gard Wo Great Britain, who cle to be injured by the taking of these state o iminals, if his country had com- mitted an error they were bound to make rep iraticn—to acknowledge it and ask forgiveness. But in the case, the revorend go ntieman contended that no insult being intended to kngtwnd, there could be no cause for war. America bad exercised (oo much leniency in the matier, and the whoo thing coud have been made so plain that AY Bona} upon earth would have cried ashame on Great Brits: for demanding reparation for this sopprsed insult, |¢ would havo been considered the most boundless eraelty on record, oxcopting, perhape, the war on China jor the sike of forcing opium on that anfor tunate people. But if war came it would bo owl to our in not striking at slavery. this been tone eo maths sere would have been no danger of offinding tny!and or rane’, and no hegard of the recognition of Unie siave trading Reweb ying Pm og Dation of pirates. Tt was not t by supposed Wins Ute 0 tions of Kurope, with their low views of moral duty and political obligation, woold m ch longer deliy the recog- nition of the Southern confederacy, and the consequence ‘would be a breaking up of the bi and wo 4 thus have the same and Lary tt A the confederney, by our recogniximg slavery, eid not to tort iving 1 @ ‘pce among Craton nations, It looked as though Great Britain woul, ombrace that nation of siave traders. If wo had declared for the freedom of the slaver we should have had the sympathy of all Burope, but now we had only their eoorn, and only have the fof ‘the Alte ight. ‘The speaker said it was the duty of the President ‘0 bee ed ne pe go not for the ren hea ery at SS ae the ich sl cirew) among &l genernis ray eae, Commander sp upon to ai every meana in powe: in carrying into ste uct, sen tion, (Loud appiauee.) resul woul glorions {pond vepression, Tt would redeem our from. ite degradation and misery, unite the whole and fill every heart with confidence. If the freeeamee not take this stop, which would render him & to hs country and mankind, thie measnre of emancipation without » t was now in their power to ao so, and if «arr! might conqner the enemy, prevent the recognit Southern confederacy by the nations of yi foreign war. it of