The New York Herald Newspaper, September 8, 1861, Page 2

2 SOUTHERN VIEWS OF THE CAMPAIGN. OPERATIONS OF THE REBELS. What They Say About the Plans of Our Generals. THERN OPERATIONS. THE REBEL ARMY ON THE POTOMAC. The Confederate Forces the West. HOW THE REBEL ARMY IS RAISED. Military Telegraphie Facili- ties at the South, The Louisiana Troops in 2 Bad Way— Supplies Needed for the Fall Campaign. FOREIGN INTERVENTION EY PECTED Zhe- Position of Kentucky and Tennessee, &., THE TRUE LINE OF NOR in &., &o, THE LINE OF NORTHERN OPERATIONS AGAINST THE SOUTH—RICHMOND OF SMALL IMPORTANCE. (From the Frankfort (Ky.), Yeoman, (secession organ,) Angust 27.) We conceive the strategical line from which to make a successful developement of military force against the South, is that which will run from Cumberland Gap to Chattanooga, Tenn ; and its occupancy by a force unassail- able from its strength, is the prime object of the federal government. Richmond was never a point of militay importance, farther than that, in tho possession of tho federal power, {twould no longer menace the lines of railway conver ‘upon East Tennessee Manassas Junction was on t line from Tennessee to Washington, and was, therefore, tosome extent, a necessity, in approaching the basis strategical line’ which covers the whole field. The columns of McCall and of Cox im the valley of the Kanawha were cach dostined to reach different points on the same line from Wash- ington to East Tennessee, with the view of acquiring acoess to the fine we have indicated as the great line of stragetical developement. Foiled at Manas- gas, Poott will now organize the armies of the Potomac, tho Shenandoah, the Kanawha, and the Cumberland to renew attompts to gain possession of this great Jin: fs to the last named army that Genoral Robert Anderson. (the gallant Major Andorson, of Fort Sumter fame) is assigned, with his headquarters at Louisville, Kentucky. It ia for to use of Andeison's column that muskets, artillery and munitions of war are now pouring into Kentucky over the railroads conyerging from Covington and Louisville ; it is for this that camps are commenced at Hoskins’ and @rab Orchard and olsewhere ; for this sseau’s brigade has moved from Indiana into ; for this that Green Adams is attempting by spooches to rouse ths people of the mountains; for this that Lioutenant Nelson, of the uavy, is detached for on-shoreduty, to’ distribute arms in Kentucky and thus by all these means, by a march through Kentucky, sustained by the Union party of Kentucky, a ma federal troops from the North, protected in their rear by encampments in Kentucky, composed nominally, if not fully, of Kentucki ‘ans that the federal governments expects General Ander. on to achievo the object of obtaining possession of the great line in question. That would be a sore calamity to the South, and, in the end to the North also; for it would ‘enly result in prolonging the. war for the pretended but able object of reconstructing a shattered. Union fs it asked-why the possession of this line from Cumber- land Gap is of such stratogical importance? We aaswor, ‘because it divides the connections of the parts of tho South foam cach other, separates the Carolinas from Ten- Qeasoc, Virginia from ‘Tennessee: and the Southwestern States, and renders the Confederate States iwto bundles of f nts, not one of which could support or sustain the other, and of which each, m its turn, may be over- whelmed by a vastly superior force to any it. can, by ite Own resources, command With that live in possession, the federal hope is that East Tennesaco will revolt against the State government and the Confederate States; and in that event the game of John Carlisie & Co, played in Western Virginia, of setting upa bogus State government, would be played ‘out on a second theatre ‘inevitably causing civil war in Tennoesee, and giving to Fcvit's basis line and depot of Munitions pf war all Uc suppers derivable from a people as thorouglity subjugated as cond desire. Ifthe can occupy that line he can strike cad slave State east of the Mississippi on both flanks at the game time With Fast Tennessee in band, he can command « colunra upon Nashville or Memphis by the navigation of the Cumber- land or Mississippi, and at the same time by rail to Clarksville, aud to Nashville itself from several direc- tions. ‘The points to which, as more nearly concerning our own State and ourselves, and to which wa earnestly soli- cit tho attention of thinking men, are:— 1. That the policy of the Unionists forces us into a dis creditable participancy in the war, in violation of the neu- trality and peace of the State, and makes our people, against their thrice oxpressed will, take the side of the (Coderal usurper. 2. That it artfully attempts to launch Keniu ‘war, as if in seif-defence, should the Confederat declare public war against her because of her actrye par- ticipancy in the struggle going on between them and the Northern States. 3. That in actively participating in the war, the Kon- tucky soldier is diggraced and dogreded by being only ‘used ag a detached force to guard trains and supplies over @ 80-called neutral territory, wher he is ; romised immu- , nity from tho dangers of battle, though he accepts the pay of a government goldicr! ‘ihus Kentucky will be- come a@ moro auxiliary to the free States, and her sti Pendiary sons appear to enter stealthily into service, on condition that thy shal not be exposd to the fire of the enemy—a mere guard for the bread and meat and regeryed ammunition of these soldiers of the North who accept the chances and vicissitudes of glorious war! If this fs not sncaking and infamous, just worthy jd characterized as low Yankee cunning, what wuld Evory one knows that a very heavy per centage of ‘evory army is detached to guard supplies aud to protect jepots of arms and provisions in the rear of the front lines of tho army whenever that acts in front of an my. When that front line is so far frum the base as ‘Cumberland Gap is from Cincinnati, the rearward detach- ments would be some twenty or thirty percent. Now, i¢ Kentucky Unionists, admitting Lincoln's right to pass his forces across this Stato, will step forwatd to furnish the forces necessary for these purposes, they at once ‘aseist Lincoln, by relieving him from the necessity of “making the required dotichiments feferred to, ‘and thus, without saving the State or oxposing | their persons to the fire of the euemy, they assist him most ially, by relieving his necessitics, $0 as {0 taka ‘the field of'action with his whole levies in any way un ken. They know that this is the very casieat modo ‘of introducing civil war into Kent ahd at any rate making hor a party to the existing Whr, for unless the officers of the federal government are perfectly demented , they must know that the Confederate States, and-most es: pecially Tennessee, on considering such a posture main- tained by Kentncky, can accept it in no other sense than a8 war against them, and, in self defence, wiil in turn in- evitably make war on us! The Unionists, then, are to be held responsible for the consequences; and all the horrid fe pons of war will ipfallibly follow the appravel, by the Legisiature, of the federal encampments fur guch objects in Kentucky, or the refusal of the Legislature to require the federal government to withdraw them. These views aro palpable to every eye that can ace at all; and all who ap prove the maintenance of those incampments, do so for the purpose of renouncing the neutrality of Kentucky, plunging her into the war on the side of Tincoin, and in Augutating internecine strife and civil war,’ brother ee brother, within the very limits of the commou- th. ‘The members of the late Legislature are about w be succeeded by anew act; and no mortal man can tell to what extremes they may drive the State. ‘Tho Southern rights party should have the most perfect, thorough and efficient organization. Must we stand still and have our throats cut?) Must we submit in sitence to dishonor] Must we acquicece in ruin withe tempt to avert it? Our safety is tn our tl zation. Lat us have a State Convention September, i THE SEAT OF WAR IN VIRGINIA. [Special Correspondence of the New Orleans Deita.} Frevenicxsncne, Argust 18, 161. Certain rumors of an expected attack on the batteries at ‘Mathias and Aquia creek and the consequent movement of ‘{roops in that direction, brought me to this place—one of ‘the most venerable towns in Virginia, one associated with pleasantest memiories of my life, as the place fin; birth and boyhood, and which, Tam proud to say hageguak led, if not ecli any other town jn the South in the zeal nd ardor with which its inhabitants havo gone to this war. Fredericksburg has thus far furnished four’ artille. ry companies, which have dono excellent service in this war, guarding the important points on the Potomac where tho enemy might effect a landing and secure the be ye of the road to Richmond. Nothing has been better during the war than this duty. The battortes of Captain Walker, of Commander Lynch, protected by the Seaeeaeapeness Colcast Carey , one of the first regiments in the Confederate service, by ‘Colonel Bato’s Tennesceo gad Colonel Fagan’s Alabuina regiment, have constantly ani the enemy's vessels en the Potomac, seriously interruptiig the navigation of the river and ‘damaging their ships, killing some of their best officers and many of Weir sailors. It was in one of these skirmishes that the enemy lost one of their best officers, ( Ward, of the Fawneo, who was killed with a Mine musket, tance of four hundred yards shy a young squir of Stafford county, of the name of Threshtey. men of the country lay in wait coutipually for prizes and Bport at the expenae of the * «mkees, enticing them to come ashore and thon bagging them as they cal! vp wild turkeys in the West. One of these adventures occurred esterday, which must have been qnite serious to the ‘ankeos. Several Marylanders came acrose the Potomac &nd, in conjunction with some Virginia militia, concocted ® plan by which they should punish the tagolence and an, ie the 10th of ‘The young NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 1861. chock the audacity of the armod vessel, the Resolute, which was: continnally-moying yp and down the. river, amusing herself by firing at the farm houses of peaceful citizens. The plan was an admirable one, and proved a per- fect success. Loading a small boat with a number of barrels and boxes, as ff containing soe. and provisiors, the rebels rowed ont some stance. from. Virginia shore, and exhibited the boat just as the Resolute turned the point, making as if from tho Maryland to the Virginia shore. ‘ihe commander of the Resolute immediately, put on a high Pressure of steam, and approaching the ‘small boat in which the rebels were evidently striving as. if for dear life to land their precious ‘cargo, sent a boat with Lientenant Budd of the navy and six mon to capture the piratical craft, and take possession of her froight. So great, however, was tho haste and alarm of the rebels, that when they reached tho Virginia shore, hotly pur sued by the Resolute’s boat, they jumped out of the boat and struck for the woods in wild: alarm, The Regdluto’s’ men then todk possession of the boat and the valuable goods and provisions she contained, and were engaged in lifting the barrels and boxes’ into their own boat, when suddenly a yolley of musketry broke from ‘the bushes on shore, ‘and a doren Minio. balla. came. rattling among the boxes and on the heads of the Yankees, every one of whom @ropped at the first fire, ‘One, however, tho ofMfeer in command, rising, was about to shove off the boat, when a single shot brought him to tho land. Thus was Lincoln it of one. w and aix mep of the rascally whom he has sent to annoy and de vastate this peaceful country, and murder a poopie who: have neven wronged him or them, I know that such mode of killing enemies is not regarded as consistent with the laws of civilized war “bat it is tho very. most effective mode of disposing of a ruthless barbarian invador fiko the Yankee. Gene McClellan will have Abundant opportunities of applying those severe rules which he Bo audaciously threatened against all persons engaging Partisan warfare. Tho Resolute, in revenge for the kill of her men, proceeded to the nearest farm saath Sere of which had no connection with ie Surprise Of" the boat's pagty, and opencd upor it a broad- side which completely daea the building and destroyed Mauch valyable property. But what do the Virginiaus Care about, the destruction of property as a punishment for killing, Yankees? They are willing to imperil and sacritice everything for the enjoyment of that revenge with which this most villagous invasion and all its fiendish outrages have fired their hearts. ‘The report of a number of gunboats hovering about Mathias and Aquia, and of movements indicating a purpose either to establish an encampment of Yankec troops on the Maryland shore or to attack the batteries, in- duced the government at Richmond to send seyeral now regiments up to the Potomac. The promptitude and faci lity with which these regiments wore moved from Rich- mond afford ovidence of the great onergy and excellent system that characterize the War Office at Richmond. Afew shots were exchanged betwee and the enemy's gunboats without effect, and though the distance was two miles and a half, both parties threw shell a long distance over and boyond ous another. To day the number of the boats ia reduced to three; but the vigilant and able commander of the brigade, General Holmes, ia not casily caught napping, and h> keeps a close watch on all the movements of the enomy. Hoe is another of those admirably choson commanders who have done so much crodit to. the sayacity and judgment of Pre sident Davis. As an evidence of the efficiency of this officer ond of the admirable state of discipline of the troops under his command, I may state the fact that his Drigade—consisting of tho "Tennessee and Arkansas regi- ment (Bates and Fagin), Carey’s Virginia regiment and Walker's battery—made’ the march from their eamp to Manassas, a distance of forty miles, in twenty hours. Was this marel: ever equailed? ‘the present is the sickly seagon in this country, and our camps are suffering from a prevalence of mearies and typhoid fever. All the towns are burdened with great numbers of sick, to whom the people never weary in acts of kindness and hospitality. This sickness supplies an additional argument to the many others in favor of an early advance of our army. Will there be such an ad vance? is the question which engages a}l minds. At pre. sent the Lincoln government is on tho defensive. It ox- periences great difficulty in raising troops. The money is more easily raised than the troops. The retation of the two belligereuts is now completely reversed. McClellan is exercising alt his genius and exhausting the resources VA his government to hold Washington and Haltimore, whil our: 48 in condition to advance and drive him teyond the Maryland line. Of the practicability of this there is little donbt, the only disevssion is as to its expediency. Those who advocate the advance bayond the Potomac justly and forcibly contend that it would never do to keep the army we now have in tho field unemployed and exposed to tho hardships of a winter in the fields and wnder tents; that a large city like Batiimore will be needed to secure sheer and supplies Sor so large a force; that we owe it to Maryland to emenet. ‘pate her freemen from the degrading tyrumny of the Fankees, and afford. them an opportunity of ‘determining to which confede: she will attach herself, that Virginia and the Confederate States can never be safo from attack and danger as long a8 the enemy holds Washington city, whiore troops an‘ munitions, in any number and quality, can be #0 rapidly concentrated; that a bold advance against a dispirited and domoralized foo is always the most effictive mode of ending a war and securing a satis- factory peace. We have no aggressive or ambitious views, but we want poace and our own tndependence. Will we ever receive these from the present fanatical and maddened party of the North until wo drive them into their own borders, and then, with bristling and monacing front, demand guatantece that they will stay within those limits; that they will make a fair division of the assets of the old Union, and will henceforth refrain from inter- meddling with the rights and property of our citiz-ns? Tho ‘‘short, sharp, decisive war policy” is now ours. ‘That policy demands tfle advance to Mason and Dixon's line. On the other hand, there are those who tIink that a delay of a few weeks will produce & peaceful and satisfactory set- Cement of this controversy without ferther blocdshed; that the intervention of the European Pers, the uprising of a peace party at the ee SL ae this result; the Northern people, agw languid and discontented in tegard to this war, mi be ator to gigantic efforts by a movement which, though nol aggressive, in fact, sent to their people and perhaps passing that which followed the downfall of These are the priicipal grounds of the two parties in regard to our war policy Tho profound secresy which envelopes all the transactions: ‘F'the Cabinet defies the most sagaciove, and T cannot say or even guess to which of these views the government inclines; but there can be little doubt that the wmy, our genorals, and all our officers an’ soldiers and the great majority of the people are strongly in favor of the forward movément, THE REBEL ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. THE FORTIPICATIONS AT AQUIA CREEK. [Correspondence of the New Orleans Delta.] FREDERICKSBURG, August 21, 1861. The apprehended operations at Aquia Crock and Ma- thias’ Point have been relinquished by, the onemy, doubt- Jaa in view of the complete and formidable preparations for their reception here. At Aquia Creek I find the bat- terics in admirable condition, well peated, and altogother boyond the reach of the enemy's direct shot; but quite capable of giving bis veasela great annoyance. In addi. tion to the rifled gun and the eight-inch columbiad, our men have mounted the long rifled gun captured at Manas- sas ata very eligible point, and in a trial yesterday it threw a sheil clear across the Potomac to the Maryland shore, a distance of over forty miles. Unfortunately the ship ‘channel is nearer the Maryland than — the Virginia shore, but still moasures aré being acopted which will very soon give our bat tories the contro! of the navigation of the river. Tho battery at Aquia Creek, which achieved one of the most brilliant successes of the war, is under tho immediate tptain Walker, who has a fine company of artilierists, composed of young men from this town, ‘They lave become perfectly comvorsant with the. manage. meut of the bigguns, There is also a very excellent bat tery of flying artillery under Captain Braxton, and yes. terday another very officient fying artillery company came up from Richmond with six large pieces, in a rifled gai, twohowitzers and three other brass and fifty fine horses. ‘Thore is algo a Baltimore cor pany, and in its composition and organization resembfts our Washington Artillery. ‘There isan amp'e force here to repel any attempts to land a hostile force. fences are under the ccmmazd of Captain Lynch, form. erly of the United States Navy, and well known’ as the anthor of the interesting book ou the Dead Soa. He is an excellent officer, and enjoys the confidence of all the diers under him. THE HOSPITALS AT FREDFRICKSBURG. ‘The hospitals here are crowded with sick from the Carolina, Arkansas and Tennessee regiments. The ladies here are occupied all their time in attending the sick, and in working oti the necessary clothing for their comfort Everything vise is neglected to provide for the soldiers, There are also cotton and woolen factories, which are turning out a great quantity of excellent clothing for the army. The capacity of these factories is only limited by the scarcity of certain articles needed in their fabrication, aud this deficieney would be suppliod if the railroads could be better managed. VIRGINIA RAILROADS. ‘The general inefficiency of the railroad management, especially in Virginia, is at present the greatess drawback upon the operations of our government and army. Tho authorities at Richmond could not do a wiser thing than to put the railroads under regular military control, in order to command their facilities and co-operation in the conduct of the war. It ig not only in the transportation of troops and munitions that the railroads may be made serviceable in aid of the war, but there is a great neces- shy for the transfer from remote points of the Confederacy of the materials for,manufacturing articles which will be greatly noeded by our seldiors, aa well as.of certain su plies, the want of which witl bo sensibly felt by the whole country. Thns the woollen and cotton factories here could furnish all the woollen and cotten goods required by the South, if they could obtain the raw material, which is abandant in the extreme South, FINANCIAL TROUBLES OF THE SACRED SOIL. Every bank, every towp and village corporation, even the State itself, and private bankers, are deliging the State with wretched currency, in notes from five cents to one dollar, Gold and silver are eagerly bought at eight per cent premium for these notes and carefully led away. Of course this currency nover can and novér_ will be redeemed, and when it begins to decline it will be bought up by'those who have issned it at an cnormous shave—all of which will fall upon the le and cnure to the benefit of the corporation. yet wan Pgh 4 proposed that our banks should agree to co‘operate wit! banks which sanction and are engaged in {his gigantic fraud, and receive and pay out shinplasters ag they do thelr own notes. Fortunately it is a censtntional, not merely a sta- tutory barrier. ¢ Convention of last March, in Consent- ing to allow the Legislature to create new banks, enforced conditions and restrictions which cannot be evaded, and ought never tobe, Louisiana will surrender oneof her moat valuadl@Ynstitutions, and onr great city lose one of | }t8 most efficient agencies in controlling and directing the vast commoree of the South, when they give up or surres der any essential feature of their admirable banking sy’ tem. It may be practicable for our banks te aid in giving value and strength to the issues of the Confederate go- vernment, but when it is proposed to aeduce or drive them into an alliance with banks managed on the false principles which prevail in this and other parts of the South, the people ought to be aroused to vigilance and stern resistance to all such schemes. JEFF. DAVIS. Not at THE BATTLE OF MANASSAS. Came Pickess, August 21, 1861, I was forcibly remiaded of the uncertainty of cotempo- ‘The water de- rancous history by happoning to find the following para- @taph ina copy of tha ‘Pela, published a fow days after the buttle of Manassns:— . But Ong Onvsk.—A Manassas des) President Davis arrived on tho fel but one order. ¢* Forward, my brave columns! For- ward!" The effect was electric. The fortune of the day ™ decided, The brave fellows swept everything before them. And the absurd statoment—a statement entirely false in every particular—has been re cated in. yarioty of forms, until a moiety ita hundred of all the people ih the Con- foderate States, and in the United States, actually believe that the victory ofour army at Manassas was owing entirely to the effect of President Davis) arrival on the field off battle, or of his skilful dispositions after reach- ing the field of ac’ Nor have L yet seen one single to Nashville saya ‘on Sunday, and gave editorial contradiction of this report—so injurious and 80 Unjust to our generals and our troops—althongh the fact is, a8 I haye taken the trouble to inform you in a previous: letter, that President Davis had no more to do with the battle of Manassas than with the battle of Now Orleans— that he did not reach the fold until the victory had been won and the enemy was flying in confusion before our pursuing troops, and that he did not take command of any portion of our forces. (00 SICKNESS of am a50R8, 1 rrespondence of the Mom ppoal. Ricumoxp, August 25, 1861. T regret to be compelied to give you a most unfavora- ble account of the health of our tcoops now in the fold, ‘The inaction of the several large bodies of men in differ- eut portions of the Commonwealth, for three weeks Past, must be attributed chiefly to the crowded stato of their hospitals. In the peninsula the typhoid fever has been prevalent, though happily not in a malignant form, At Manassas and Aquia Creek, algo, this malady bas pros- (grey a considers i rer poe gre or sioag in the camps around it, Per cent of the troops, a ‘least, have been stricken down with measles. Private hospitals for the reception and better treatment of tho invalids have been opened from day to day, until ever street, almost every square of the city, has its long sicl list, and the ladiew are worn out in their attentions to the sufferers, They do net weary, in the apirit , of their good work; but excessive watching will e: t the physical powers. As yet there has been no great fatality among the thousands of cases, but just as soon as a dozea have been dischargod a8 well from @ hospital their beds have been filled, and there {a no diminution in the number of new cases. Pogsibly the change of temperature of the fal! mouths may check the spread of the disease, and but a few weeks remain to us now before the frost. ‘TUK REBELS WANT DISTINCTIVE STATE FLAGS. Before another great #hock of arms takes place there fa one precaution against accident which, in the judgment of your correspondent, ought to be taken, and which, itis somewhat romarkable, has not been suggested before by competent authority ‘It is the strong necessity of desig- nating our troops in large masses by some unmistakable, distinctive banner. Whatever may be said of the Con- federate flag, a8 a tasteful combination and arrangement of colors, it is certainly obnoxious to-this objection, that in (he excitement and tumult of battle it is easily mis- taken for the old Stars and Stripes.” Even if this were not 80, it ought no longer to be borne as the Confederate ensign in fight, because the enemy bave made flags bf the game pattern for the express purpose of fighting under them. At Manassas we know they did not scruple to employ our banner as a protection against the very men whom they shot down at this base disadvantage, ‘To romedy this evil regimental flags should be at once pre- pared and distributed among the troops of the various Statcs, flags which would be known at a glavco and which the troacherous Yankees would not have to show. Kach State might bear in battle its own coat of arms painted or embroidered on silk or bunting. ' ‘A REQUISITION FROM GENERAL MAGRUDER. There was much speculation to-day occasioned by a re- quisition on the ladies from General Magcuder for & largo number of flannel bags for artillery charges. Almost all the common cartridges which have been usod during the war in Virginia, except the fixed nition, have been: made by the delicate fingers of pnd ladies in basements of our churches. Cromwelt admonition to his Ironsides, ‘Trust in the Lord and keop der dry,” would seem to be heeded by these mi maidens of the new Isracl, for the little sicks they make, though not impervious to water, age the cunningest of all powder receptacles. What General Magruder can want of so many, unless he is apprehensive of an immodiate attack by old bandy-legged Wool, nobody can tell. Wo to Wool, however, if he designs anything of that sort. ‘Though much thinned out by sickness, the troops in the Peninsula are anxious above iil things to have a chance at the Yankocs. But a very smal! number of those who are now in Magrudor’s command were im the battle of Bethel, which bas been the only opportunity of using their wea- pons the war has yet afforded them. GREAT ILLNESS AMONG THK TROOPS, Another correspondent of. the Appeal, R. 8. Abernathy, Captain of Company G, Ninteonth Mississippi regiment, says, under date of August 24:— Bince we pitched our camp heregloom and sorrow have ndddened the countenances of all, owing to the distressing fact that disease and death have provailed among us, Our exposed condition durivy our camp on Buil run, and the want of proper food and water, was = as blow to tila: regiment and to all the troops that were Jikewiso unfortn- uate. In proof of this 1 will mention that out of forty- seven hundred in the brigade only twonty-three hundred reported for duty on the 20th inst., and companies that before ordinarily turhed out on drill and parade from sixty-five to ninety men donot turn out row more than eight and ten files per day. ips, and suffering cousequent upon the movement of Gen. Johnston's divi- sion of the army, which resulted in such glorious success to our cause at Manassas, has, | daro say, prostrated fully one-third of his force. 'Noarly every day the sound of musketry proclaims the death of some Southern hero who has fallen a victim to disease in camp, and over whose grave biank cartridges are fred as the last mititary honor pad to the dead. But I am happy to stato that n timely improvement in the weather (which bas been excessively cloudy and rainy) has brought with \t a marked change in our health, CONDITION MOND OF THE REBEL ARMY AT RICH- AND ON THE POTOMAC, (Richmond correspondence of the Charleston Morcury. There is universal complaint mado of the want of eMiciency in the Commissariat Department. It was felt severely and immodiatoly aftor the battle of Manaasas. Our vrave troops, particularly the sick and wounded, br; pulfored greatly me of the troops wore without provi- sions from Sunday breakfast until y after the bat- tle. Since then it has occurred more ance that many have been without food for twopty-tunr hours. Groat in- dignation'isfelt throughout the army and in Richmond on account of this outrageous and wnendurablo inofficien- cy. The efficiency of the army ia impaired sand even its movements’ retarded through tho want of supplies. I learn it has been, and {s, a matter of bitter complaint and earnest remonstrance by the commanding generals. And not only is there a want of sufficient quantity, but tho Proyisions are not good—are, in fact, positively unwhole- some. It is not only so at the camps in Fairfax county, whero the army is largo, but also in other camps. “A great deal of sickness is the natural consequence. Ono regiment near Aquia Creck has lost sixty men, and ano- ther thi Tho weather has been intensely Lot, and the great mo¥tality is attributed by the troops to bad provi- sions, unsuitable at any timo, especially during such a season. ‘fhe country peop'e, camp traders, and sutlers too, in the neighberheod of Frederickaburg and Aquia Creek, charge:the poor fellows most exorbitant prices for every- thing they buy. I nave heard it is the same in other places, Dut that it is there Tam assured on the best au- thority. And not only is the department of subsistonce ill man. aged, but the equally indispensable department to the mobility and efficiency, transportation, isa'so lamentably bebind. It was the condition of these two branches of the urmy which prevented General Beauregard (rom ad- vancing to meet McDowell, as he had intended. It was his unpreparedness in these which prevented him from following the defeated enemy from Manasras. It is those which now paralyze him, prevent a forward movement, and is daily loaing the South substantial fruits of tho great victory. Beauregard has tised superhuman exertions, and struggled against terrible aud unappreciated difficulties and discouragements. His great determination, and the pluck of hia treope, have accompl'shed woncors. But the executive vit inertia is a huge obstacle to success, and the interests peremptorily requires that no man, or set en, should stand in the way. LOUISIANA TROOPS IN VIRGINIA, SUPPLIES DEMANDED FOR TRE FALL CAMPAIGN, {Special Correspondence of the New Orleans Picayune.) HimapQuanTERs ov THE ARMY OF THE PoTOMAC, MANaseas, August 20, 1861, Isit down, at the suggestion of our Louisiana physi- cians here, to write a special letter ona subject of the highest importaace—the supply of fall clothing for the ariny. It ix now the 20th of August, the autumn rains have atready set fu; and our people cannot go about the work too quickly or too earpe: By the Ist of October the weather in this latitude will already. have bec severe; and there is therefore no tin lose, 1 fear, indeed, there may be much suffering from oxposnre to the wet before the clothing we call for can be supplied. It must be remembered that a largo portion of our men have been in service now: upwards of three months, of which time they have bivouacked at least two weeks in the open air, and their clothing bas been very much in- jured by sleeping on the ground and exposure to every kind of weather. Jn that time, also, they have preparod for and fought two cngagenients of the keverest charac- ter, which, of itself, would be sufficient to ruin a vast amount of clothing, had {t not been severely tried before The clothing immediately called for is not such As parses under the name of uniforms, though warm outer gar. ments, both ceats and pantuloors, especially overcoa's or Diankets, are nevor out of place in camp. This kind of clothing is more likely toe supptied by the government than any other; therefore, the people, whom [ now more particularly a tdress, would do well to give their atten. tion first, at least, wo the supply,of undergelothing, What we shall want most of all, what'we want already, to pro. tect ua against heavy rains, ie flannel shirts and drawers, for wear next the body. Wooiln socks and stout, waterproof shoes, also, cannot be supplied too quickly or in too great nutnbers. Shoes, it is true, ought to be supplied by the government ns freely ag uniforms, and no doubt would be, could they be obtained, under the existing state of things, as casily ag clothes,’ But thia js not tho cage, A’ large number of regiments, bog Ao Tam afraid, suffer severely be- fore they can be supplied. The wear and tear, during the late engagements, and siace, bas been very great, and many men are already imperfectly shod. ent wet and muddy weather will try them still further, and the people cannot act too promptly in the matter. ‘Woollen shirt, woolen drawers, woollen socks and stout water proof shoes, then, is what we want most of all, and, in the name of the whole army, Task that they ‘ve supplied by the people to the full extent of their ability, im ag great numbers and as early as possible. No matter what the government may do in (he matter—the more the better —the pe cannot do too much, This i# a cold, raw, damp climate, both fall and winter, and warm undor clothing cannot be supplied in too gicat quantities. — ‘The supply demanded of Louisiana, in purticnlar, will be very great. We have here now, and on the Yorktowa peninsula, and at Norfolk not less than 8,000 men, most of whom are natives of the extrem» South, and may have togpend the whole fali in a cold climate, very forcign to their constitution. ‘Those eneamped near here, and con siituting a part of the army of the Potomac, are the fol lowing :-— Ty Batiation Washington Artillery, Major WaXou, 2. Sixth regiment Louisiana Volunteors, Colonel Sey- ur. 3. Seventh regiment Louisiana Volunteers, Colonel a. = z Eighth regiment Louisiana Volunteers, Colonel Kelly. 5, Ninth regimeut Louisiana Volunteers, Colonel Taylor, ae Tndopendent Dattalion Louisiana Volunteers, Major eat. 7. Crescent Blues, Ind dent Company Touisiana Volunteers, soon to be attac ed to the Kighth regiment, On the Yorktown peninsula are tho Pela ins cal 1, Second regiment Louisiana Volunteers, Colonel Levy. 2. Fifth regiment Louisiana Volunteers, Colone! Hunt. Independent battaliou Louisiana Volunteers, Colonel Kightor, At Pig’s Point, near Norfolk, is the Frat regiment Lou- isiana Volunteers, Colonct Blanchard, It will be scen?then, that we have seven full regiments of infantry here on the Virginia border, two independent battalions, and one. independent company, besides a fail pelalion, of fa eet Na ae in all not less than cigs thousand men. ‘The Tenth regiment, Colonel Marigny, also arrived in Richmond, and will soon be ordered to active duty in the field, as likewise the Polish Legion, under command of Colone] Tochman.. Before full sets in, then, we shall have not less than ten thousand men here in the field, all to be ‘ided with good, new, warm clothing, such as I have described, It iarespectfully suggested, then, If theyubjecthhar not been taken in hand by our ever. considerate ple be- fore, that committees be appointed at once in each and every parish for the reception and distribution, under the superintendence of Governor Moore, of such cloth- ing as the people may be able to contribute for tho health and comfort of our brave volunteers whoare now fighting the battles of their country. To these committees lot everything at once be sent the peo- ple can spare, shirts, drawers, socks and blankets, And surely thero is not a family in tho State that cannot ‘spare one of cach of the articles named. And let thore. bo no delay about.the matter. Above all let not. the people of Louisiana think that because they will there have two or three mouths of summer wr yet, we will have the same here. Thero isa vast difference between the two climates. For the last week or two I have had quar- tors near by where the Eighth Louisiana have been on severe sengino} duty, exposed to all kinds of weather, and 1 but give oxpression to the feclings of every man I have ‘met nu Lmake to their families and friends at homo this ury ‘Appeal. Vice ident Stephens arrived here fast night, and Wont immediately to headquarters. Ho is accompanied by Hon. Robt. Toombs, of Georgia, who is now command- ing a brigade. THE REBEL ARMY IN THE WEST. {Special Correspondence of the New Orleans Delta. ; Jackson, Tenn. , August 23, 1861. A succession of chills and fever for over a wock has pre- vented mo from making my anticipated trip of observa. tion to Columbus, Ky.; but as [aur nearly recovered 1 hope you will next hear from. me in that quarter—the enemy permitting. I say permitting, for 1 shall not be surprised to hear of their impudently quartering them- selves on Kentucky soil at any timo, as the ‘‘neutrality’’ Of that boasiod Commonwealth seems at present to have @ rather tottering proclivity for the side of the enemy I think Tean now. safely assert that but for the undoubted inclination of the submissionists of Fastern Kentucky to interfere with us, our troubles in Eastern Tennessee might be regarded as sel tled—such have been the potent changes effected in the minds of the malcontents by the recent victories of the Confederates. As it is, there being about four thonsand submissionists, now encamped in Garrard county, Kentucky, including qnite a number of the disaffected of this State, threatening us with in- yasion, as is confidently asserted,\it has been thought ppober toquarter numorous Confederate troops. in Kast ‘ennessee, under the command of General Zolleoffer, for the purpose of checking this disposition of interference frem Kentucky, and at the same time to be im readiness to repel the enemy should eat advance so far south of the Kanawha vatiey through Western Virginia. Tt is true that the Kentuckians in some portions of the Stato haye bad the manliness, though ata rather late day, to stop the repeated shipments of arms through their territory to encampments contiguous to the border of this State, and doubtless for tho use of tho malcontents: of Fast Tennessee, many of whom have crossed over to these encampments and been supplied with the Lincoin guns, Bot it is undoubtedly equally true that the ship- iments Lave ip most Instances only found a now channel to Lucir destinaticn, and now that thero is such # revolu. tion gomg on in tho minds of tho East Tenncssecans, Ishall not be surprised to shortly hear of these same guns rising up in their. hands like sown dragon teeth to confront the invaders themscives. Such havo been the operations of the pretended neutrality of Ken- tucky that the shameful work of these ship- ments of Lincoln guns have been going on rapidly for weeks, but I am gratified to ex the assurance that the Kentuckians, despite the dereliction ef thoir rulers, are becoming aroused.ta tho extent of their degra- dation, aud have, in some quarters, sent back these guns inorder to have the neutrality of the State respected by the North as well as by tho South, But what a position for a bugle State is Kentucky's, embraced, as it were, within the respective arms of two great warring powers, which must soon, by the very operations of war, crush cut every cloment of her neutrality. She must take one sideor tho other, and wisdom would seem to indicate that she should seize the first favorable opportunity that offers if she would not array her citizens in almost in- terminable civil strife. Let the war . as it will, her intoreet 13 so decidedly with the South that I have no apprehension as to the final issue. She will most as- suredly follow in the wake of Missouri. ‘The special mail carrier from this point to General Pil- lows army, returned tho other day,,but brings no ia- tolligence of interest beyond the fact that the army, 2.009 to 18,000 strong, splendidly 09 under Pillow and Cheathain, had advanced some thirty mila nearly north, when he left. Pillow and Cheatham, whose commissions unfortunately bear the same date—making a conjoint command between.offcers of entirely opposite natures—had boen visited by Genoral Jeff. Thompson, a Missouri State officer, and their plans duly arranged ; sub- sequent to which we hear of tho latter driving the Lin- colnites from Cape Girardeau, and sinking the Hannibal City and capturing some 400 troops on board at Com- merce, thirty mites below. ‘The functuro of their forces, Tam told by those tamiliar with the country, is feasible almost at any timo, despite any sally of the enemy from Bird's Point. Pillow or Thompson bat sent forward a portion of their command to take possession of and forti- fy Sikesville, a gmall place near Charleston station of the railroad exterding southwest from the Point towards Arkansas; and known, let your readers remember , as tho ‘Cairo and Fuiton Railroad.” An important fortification hag just been made, sinco Pillow’s expediticn of Island No; 10, lying in Madrid ; Whero tbe river runs from ‘cast to west, and the division line botween Kentucky and Tennessee strikes tho river, vory fortunately, so as to throw tho wholo istand on the south or Tennesseo side, It was at this pdint that General Polk.recently apprehended some successfu) manauvre of tho enemy so strongly aa to order Pillow and Chestham’s army down the river. A glance at Johpson's pocket map of the Southern States, such as I have before m*, will show the danger that would have resulted from the enemy landing forces at the feot of this island, and sending others across the neck of the Madrid Bend to the river again opposite V’o'nt Pleasant, thus in- vading Tonnessce, and having Pillow’s army across the river behind them, while they marched overland only eighteen or twenty miles to attack Union City. This for- tification of No. 10, like that of Ship Island, on tho Missis- Sippi const, was made just in the nick of timo, and with an able officer, Lieutonant Wm. Jackson (late U. 8. A.), in command, pretty effectually closes the only important door that hal boen left unguarded against invasion. The Tenneszea, line, 1 should explain, follwing the river bank, takes in the peninsula formed by Matrid Bend. Another important fortification is Fort Henry, at tho h of big Sandy creck, its confluence with tho , afew miics above the point where the Tam not apprised of the the Call strength tions, iment of Missourians which T wrote you had beon formed after Pillow’s arrival and joined his com- mand at New Madrid, received the accession of a com- pany of Silinoisans who had crossed the river in small de- tachiments on separate occasions, all provided with arms which thoy had kept concealed while watching their op- portunity to join us. During the expedition of the army an incident occurred to illustrate the infatuation of the submissionists of Mis- ‘souri An Irishman on one of our boats was sent out to fasten the cable, when a Missourian on shore ordered him not to tie it. The deck hand, so far as could be observed from the boat, paid no attention to the command, cpon whicb the infatuated Missourian drow a bowic knife, and in the spirit of the most wanton butchery, fatally stabbed him and cut him across the stomach. The poor fellow rolled down the steep bank of the river, nearly, to the water's edge, while the prompt discharge of a musket in the hands of the captain of the beat brought the murderer to a parallel porition close by the side of his victim. The Irishman survived him long enough to notice his death — struggles, and calmly turned from him, without, however, the least manifestation of vindictiveness of remorse. Verily what a volume might already be written in detail of the hor- rors of this war-—the most infamous, perhaps, because it shon!d be conductea on the most humane s)8'em, and ix not, t jans will ever be called on to record. And yet many of them, no doubt, will speak of it, what- ever its rest grandest ‘crusade for liberty the world has over seen, However gragd in {ts appoint ments, mrst not woe ever betide such a crusade of Northern fratricides for the extermination of brothers? | The Rev. Mr. Graves, of Noshville, recently preached hore on the bleckade of the Bible. Tho Lincolnites, he ea'd, had effeetually debarred os by the blockade from getting Bibles for onr soldiers, and it was a matter of ex- uitaion with the North that we were deprived of the means of the Gospel, and must become heathens. Yon wit haye heard, by telegraph, of the Lincolnites capturing tho Tennessee river packet W. B, Terry, at Padveah, Ky., by their armed gunboat Concstaga, ‘The captam and ‘crew of the Torry managed in turn, and much better, too, to seize the Samuel Orr—tho packet running from that place to Evansville, Indiana, The Orr is a much Mner boat, and had a vatuab!e cargo, principally coffee and bacon, whereas the Terry had dis: charged her freight. ‘The neutrality of Kentucky was further violated yesterday by about one thousand Lin- oolmites invading Blandville, a small town near Columbus, where they seized two citizens and took them to Cairo. It is rumored that letters have been received from Ethoritge expressing regret at his course, inasmuch as he it there js no hope for Tennessee in the old Union. The arrest of Nelson and Bridges their course, and Brownlow has quieted down as far as to oxpreas a fine opinion in his journal of the merits of Gene- ral Zollicofier. One John Clark was recently arrested in Cumberiand county for actempting to raise a Linoo com- pany in thig State. Clark was wofully amazod when ho was told that he wonld have to stand trial for treason, bo expecting instead to be pardoned by Davis. Cool weather and'plenty of rain have been the order of the day in this section for more than a week, ‘There is considerable sickness from chills and fever. AFFAIRS IN TENNESSER. Recent accounts from Nashville represent martial Jaw as having been declared in that city. On Saturday sove- ralgentiemen arrived at Louisville from Nashville who Stated that no persons are now permitted to come with out passports. Gontlemen and Indies at Nashville, on account of not having passports, were refused admission | into the cars, One gentleman on the train was turned back from the Btate line for not having the nocessary docu- mont. The Louisville Journal be i ‘The gontiomen with whom we conversed say that all the baggage of tho passengers, of whatever description, was thoroughly examined, and Many articles not permit- ted to come. All the letters on the persons of tie paasen- gers were taken away, and the unsealed ones, which had Ro stamps or post rks, |. One of our inform- auts had two letters of the latter sort of much importance to him, He hegged that they might be broken opou and read, but this was refused; they hid to go back to the Nashville committee, If Tennessee's condition renders such doings necessary, secession must have been a bad business for her, SEARCH FOR ARMS ORDERED BY THE GOVERNOR. ‘To the Clerks of the County Courts of the State ot au. nessee:—You are hereby requested to iasue to cach con. stable in your respective counties an order requiring him to make diligent inquiry at each house in Luis civil district for all muskets, bayonuts, rifles, swords and pistols be- longing to the State of ‘Tehnessee, to take them into pos. session and deliver them to you, A reward of one dollar will be paid to the constable for each musket and baronet, or rifle, and of Oifty cents for each sword or pistol thus reclaimed, You will forward the arms thus obtafned, at public ex- Pense, to the military anthorities at Nashville, Knoxvills and Memphis, as muy be most convenient; and will in- form the Military and Financial Board by letter uddressod to them at. Nasliville, of the result of your action and of tho expenses incurred. A check for the amount will be promptly forwarded, It is hoped that every officer will exert himself to have this order promptly executed. ISHAM G. HARRIS, Nasavivix, August 20, 1861. Governor, ke. CONDITION OF THINGS IN RAST TENNESSEE. ons written the following etter ne te ose 800 wri low! titer to the Louisville Democrat: s I nave for the first time in my Hfe secon men driven from their homes and property in’ my native State—old ‘Tenneesse—whore the freedom of specch and of the press have always been allowed when our Star-Spangled Banner waved over her soil; but I suppose it iq.no more than we may expect undor the Rattlesnake. I was raised in Ten- nossee, and have always been “ioyal to ber, -but she has — disloyal to the constitution and laws of the United ‘tates, and I, like thousands of obbors, have left her and fled to Kentucky, where the Staraand Stripes still wave in triumph over all opposition. 1 will now. stato to you the condition’of thousands of loyal citizeus in Tennosseo. ay bavehad to leave their homes, their property, and all that is dear to them, and come over here and join the army of tho United States to get holp to fight back to their homes. About ene hundred and fifty of the brave boys of Fentress county left here this morning for head- quarters,and there are hundreds of others who will soon follow them where they expect to got arms to defend their who in some casca are cruelly beaten, and in others made to fall upon their knees and pray for an hour, because their husbands and sons have escaped the hynds of the treachorous vil- Jains. Many good and loyal citizens are taken by the mob and made to swear to protect their villanous confederacy, and whore they refuse they are beaten with the swords of the traitors and held as prisoners of war, At tho lato eloction an old gentleman in Overton county, who could not read, was asked when he came to the polls how he would voto. He answered for the Union candidates. They took h’s ticket and wrote ‘For Lincoln’’ on the top, and gave it to him, and ho voted, One Capt. Hill aud one John Little then gave. him a ton days’ notice to leave tho State. Another inan came up, and this same Capt. Wm. A. Hill drew his revolver and said hoe should uot voto. The bravo young follow told hit tho only way he could provent tt-was to shoot him down. The’ captain fuiled to shoot, and ho voted, and started forthwith to join the army, with the motto, Liberty or death! If the government’ does not arm us and sond us some help we must suffer dreadfully. If the Union mon wero well armod they would soon redocm old Toanessee. 1 as- sure you we haye the majority yet in Tessessee, but the course they are taking with us is driving many to ac- knowledge the justness of the rebel cause. sooner wo get arms the better {t will bo for us and our cause, EAST TENNESSER TRUE TO THE UNION, {From the Atlanta ) Intelligencer.) Woconversed yesterday with a distinguished gentleman from Augusta, just on his return from Virginia. He dis- cloged to us facts and circumstances, which prove beyond doubt that East Tonnessee is rotten to the core on the se- cession question. He travelled over the railroad from Bristol to Knoxville. He witnessed the greatest indigni- ties toward tho wounded soldiers, who wero returning home by that route. Their papers were most rigidly scrutinized by the conductors of this road, and in gomo cases poor wounded soldiers came very near being thrown off tho cars, because their papers did not exactly suit the fastidious notions of these Union gentry. Governor Harris should look to this thing, hurl theso upstarts from power, and put mon in charge of this road who-are true and loyal to the South and hor cause. Our informant statcd to us that every road rrom Staunton, Va, to Atlanta, Qa., passed the Southern soldiers without any anncyanen, except the road from Bristol te Knoxville, In theso perilous times no road should be permitted to have in its employment men who are not true to the Confede- rate States, when the road runs through one of the Con- fedcrate States. Again we say, let Governor Harris look woll to this matter, REBEL WAR RUMORS. [From the Memphis Appeal, August 8] Colonel John C. Burch, we understand, yesterday brought to this-city the intelligence that on last, Satur- day uight Captain J. 8, White’s company, the Tenneasoe Mounted Rifles, with a detachment of tho Hardoman. Avengers, Captaio Ari, and the Missouri Scouts, Captain Price, in all two hundred mor, proceeded within five miles of Bird’s Point, destroyed a bridge there, tore up sovoral hindred yards of tho railroad track, aud set firo to along line of treatlo work, thereby preventing com- pletely the passage of trains,’ The détachment was un- der command of Captain White, and returned to the camp without the. loss of a singls man. It is said that the Uni. pickets were seen, but retreated as soon as our soldiers appeared. Fremont and his cight boats, loaded with soldiers, which left St. Lonig on tho Ist inst., had arrived at Cairo. Fremont's headquarters wero at Cape Girardeau. A quantity of freight destined for Cairo had accumu- lated at Colimbus Saturday night, on account of the eap- ture of the Cheney. A boat had beon telegraphed for to Cairo, and was momontarily oxpected whon the 8, H. Tucker left. Considerable uneasiness was evinced by the inhabitants there, who anticipated a visit from tho black republican floet of boats, all of which are said to carry several guns. Throughout thocity yesterday rumors were rife that eral scouting parties had mot tho enemy above New Madrid aud suffered mord or ives, but they wore ru- mors and nothing more. e GENERAL ZOLLICOFFER’S PROCLAMATION TO THE PEOPLE OF EASY TENNESSEE. Bricape Heapquarters, Knoxviire, August 18; 1861. The General in command, gratified at the preservation of peace and the rapidly increasing evidences of confi. dence and good will among the people of East Tennessee, strict:yenjoins upon those under his command the most serupdlous regard for tho personal and ry rights of all the inhabitants. No act or word will be toterated cal- cnlate: to alarm or irritate those who, though heretofore. advocating the federal Union, now acquiesct in the deci- sion of the Stato and submit ‘to the authority of the go- vernment of the Confederate States. Such of the people as have flod from their homes under an oe of danger will be encouraged to return, with an assuranco of entire security to all who wish to pursuo their respec- tive avocations peacefully at home, The Confederate go- yvornment seeks not to enter into questions of difference of political opinions heretofore existing, but to maintain the independence it hag asserted by the united feeling and action of all fts citizens. Colonels of regiments and cap- tains of companies wilt be held responsible for a strict ob- servance of this injunction within their respective com- mands, and each officer commanding a separate detach. ment or post will have this-order read to his command, By order of Brigadier General 5. K. ZOLLICOFFER. HOW THE SOUTHERN ARMY IS RAISED. ‘THE’ BXPERIENCE OF A UNION MAN IN NEW ORLEANS. {From the Louisville Remocrat, Sept 4} Mr. J. Goldman, of New Orleans, called in our’ office on Monday , to give us scme information in relation to the manner in which the Confederate armies aze filled up. Ho brings satisfactory letters showing that he is reliable and confirming the facts ho narrates. He voted for Mr. Douglas in the late Presidential election. On the 22d day of May last he was arrested, and presented before tho Mayor of New Orleans as a Unionist or abolitionist. The Mayor told him that if he would enlist in the Confederate army, or would raise a company and name it after him, that he would be freed from the charge. Mr, Goldman knowing the peril in which he was involved, accepted the proposition, and raised a company named the Monroo Guard, after the Mayor. The company raised at a con- siderable expense, Captain Goldman found himself unable toclothe them, ‘The Confederate government, or tho Southern States, never do this, as is customary with our government or States; it must be done, if at all, by pri- vate subscription. In this emergency, tmable to cloths or purchsee shoes for his men, by advice he changed the name of his company to the Black Rilles, after Mr. Black, of New Orleans, ‘A few days after the Mayor, having heard of this, Drought up the old charge of his being a Unionist. Capt, Goldman paid little attention to this until, on starting to tho camp one day, hu was advised by his brother that fif- teen or. twenty men had been sent to waylay him, an was also advised by him to escape, if possible, to the Union States. After various chances he reached this city some two weeks ago. ‘ Mr. Goldman was in the dry goods business, a Po- lander by birth, and his company was attached to General Tochman’s Polish Brigade. Gencral Tochman, it will bo remembcred, was the teacher of foreign languages in the old Loutpyille College. ‘The accounts given of the manner im which enlistments are made is absolutely shocking. Men are made drunk, knocked down, and confined in the cotton presses under guards of sentriés until they consent to enlist, They are removed to camp, aml then watched and guarded with ecrupulous attention. As an instance, the first regt- ment of ‘hmau’s brigade, under command of Col. Suid. kofski, contained a number of Irish. They were ill clad and ill fed, picked up mm the manner referred to. They were ordered to Virginia about four weeks ago. For several days before their departure two companies of them were strictly guarded by men from the Second regi ment to prevent them from cataaaee At Grand Junction, at the pommed the Memphis and Charleston road, thore was no food for the regiment, and all the provision houses were shut up. The starving sol- diers assaulted the hotel, and some twenty were shot down before the riot was suppressed. Numbers cscapod in the confuston. ‘All that is necessary to force men to enlist is to charge them with being “Union men,” and requiring them to join the Confederate army or be mobbed and murdered. ‘A systematized course of pluniler is carried on by taking petitions to the different wealthy men in New Orleans, requiriug them to contribute to the Confederate army under threats of confiscation and mob. There is no security of life and no freedom of speech The system of kmpressing foreigners is carried on almost without limit. ‘The Bri- tish Consul interfered once, and but once, notwithstand- ing the repeated demands for relief. The presenco of Ruseoll, of the London Times, is supposed to have caused this. As to the other foreign Covsuls, not one of them dtd anything, but, on the contrary, all contribute money and encouragement to inince enlistments, and refnse protection to their countrymen. In short, itis such a picture of mobocracy in its most degraded and recktess senso, a8 would make an; \ And that,’be it. borne in mmo tr tee rine ot OF it the Southern confederacy, where the Union feeling was the strongest. Tho property holders in New Orleans, Capt. Goldman informs us, and all of the ‘table portion of the people, are in favor of tho Union, but, for reasons already § og ane not aonk sry? A cout of the way, and life and property would be sacrificed, altar of that government af Richmond which: olatene ie be in perfect freedom, enlists its armies by itpressment, and gets its reventte by the irresistible authority of mobs, MILITARY RESOURCES OF ‘THE REBEL STATES. (From the Richmond Examiner, Angust 23.] We loarn that Congress has made acall upon the Govern- org of ali tho Statos of the cuntederacy, for the number and. description of small arms now in their pozsession, and those sent out of the States and their destinations, ‘The Governors of the respective States are carnostly ro- quested to give information forthwith of the numberof iments in States , OF in process of forma- tion, but not yet received into the service of the Confed- erate States, ‘The collection under authentic circum- Stances of these particulars isof tho highest public im- portanee to give b givigmed re incertae of the argh resources the country. The Governors will socemniniations requested of them to the Chief of Ordnance in TELEGRAPHIC ARMY COMMUNICATION AT THE SOUTH. A reliable gentleman, a Union man, direct from the South, who bas arrived after hair breadth eacapes not Mecessary to detail, puts us in pes- session of some vory foteresting information re- garding telegraphte operations in the rebel army, Dufing the battle of Bull run the telegraph was in fall operation within their lines. They had it extended te Centreville next morning, and on, hour after the federel troops loft Fairfax they had it extended to that point, aad were in direct communication with Richmond. We had Supposed that in our army in Western Virginia, as woll as in our army in Eastern Virginia, we had a, of tho tologra .. Now, it lavfngotiat that we shea assume ing that is mot truo, and that facts should looked square.in the face In retreating from their lines in front of Washington they broke down their communication, lest they might be sered army and turned against ti return to telegraph on the ground h grass, covered with the insulating gutta percha, is a8 weil known them under Generet to and as actively in useas it is ie McClellan. They have a woll organized and efficient corps Of tolegraphic operators in the Southern army, AFFAIRS IN SOUTH CAROLINA AND VIR- NINIA, {From the Philadeiphia Enquirer, Sept. 6.) We last night paid a visit toa gentleman who has juat arrived here from Charleston, South Carolina, but whe has also visited several other Southern cities. In what manner he reached here it is not necessary to state. It will be suiicient when we remark that he is a well known citizon, whose name is above reproach. Im Charleston every male porson oyer fourteen, and under sixty, are drilled daily, except four persons—the Judge, tho tho iff, and the jailer. was confined in the common iail of the ety among mar. dorers, thioves and yagabonds of low degroe Butter, ham, cheese, lard and coffye are excoedi scarce, there being none to be had except at very rates. Ground c was seliing at 45 conts per pound. ‘The cargo of the bark Rowena, lately captured and takem in there, was sold at 36 a 38 ce cash. For fourteen days the occupants of the room in the jal with our informant, twenty-seven, wero allowed dail twelvo loaves of bread and what water thoy dosi Sometimes they wero allowed to trade off even pounds of bread for the samo in beef, which was so intolerably bad that the stomach sickened at the smell of it, Ia the jail there is, at this time, a gentleman who resides in the vi- cinity of Charleston, and who is confined for his Union sentiments. There are great numbers of the plantors whe aro firm on the Union question; but to express their sentl- ments, by word or deed, is too dangerous a business for them to be ongaged in at present. | This statement was made to our informant by one who resides there, and ie unquestionably correct. < Fort Moultrie has been completely repaired, and the defences of the harbor are in excellent condition. A new privateer schooner, bullt in Charleston, expressly for fast sailing, was to have sailed on a cruise on tho Ist or 2d.0f August, Captain Libby, formerly in the merchant service at Charleston, was to command her. The. guns of the pri- vateer Dixie were to be put on board of her, as tho Dixie awould not go out again. At the entrance to North Ediste, a port tweuty-five miles south of Charleston, there ero two sand batteries, well manned and having several large guns. Thore is always (teen fect of wateron tho bar at this place, and after crosaing it the depth is sufficient for any vessol ordinarily wsed for commercial purposes. is also a marsh battery, commanding the entrance to ‘North Edisto, on tho north bank of tho river. Last Friday, at two o'clock, our infermant left Oharles- ton on sho train 8 ‘Woldon, North at which place the newsboys were selling extras Contain, ing the news of the capture of Hatteras. The excitement ‘was very great, and a company Of soldiers from Florida, ‘who were bound for Richmond, and who were on board tho train, wore detained for service in North Carolina, a , they expected an invasion from the “Yankees” then at Hatteras, Leaving Welton, the train bearing our inform. ant came on to\Petersbarg, where ti Jayed sevoral hours by failing to connect wi for Richmond. Here tl Be Hs $ i were put in & guard of soldiers for fivo hours, for Richmond. The conduct of the rebel soldiers towards the pessonaers on board who were known residents was brutal in the extreme, which accounts for @ gaard being placed over thom. It was not for fear of au ‘attempt to csoape, but to protect them from violence at the hands of the troops and) ragmuffing in the ‘Arriving at Richmond, our informant wad taken to the Gontral-Hotol and. well provided for, and remained over Sunday.and Monday. Hoe waa pe! tho streets at his pleasure, and made good use of his in order to ascertain the condition of affairs about He saw the three tobacco warehouses the Bull run prisoners are: r on by the point of a bayonet, if he spect the windows or doors. . In these three warchouses aro confined, accori Raeeeeré eee who ener e North with him, but was ui i federal prisonors. Each building was tue pened and every floor was occupted by them, as he saw them the windows looking out in crowds. .He firmly. beli there could not be many more than the number stated, ss he saw quite enough to convince him of that fact. This same Baltimorean who fatted in getting through with our informant also stated to bim that he-was at the battle of tite many stet fei Youn mn ides pi i like many ot! young men, took sides Coa een, not thinking that the effect would bé what it proved. stated that not less than five thousand on their side were killed, to say nothing of the wounded. They por- sessed only flint Jock muskets to a extent, and ia the early part of the battle were shot down like.dogs. While sitting on the balcony of the hotel in Richmond overheard several individuals compiaini ist t. tho offi cial reports of Genorals Beauregard and Johnston, which had not yet been given. Tast Sunday about seven hun- dred rebol soldiers seotot maraT destined for the North Carolina coast protection. . Our informant was not ited to go outside of the city to examine the fortifications, which ho understood were of a formidable character. The person who gave hin the information about the other robel matters, in- formed him that there were only about 4,500 troops there— merely enough to take care of the fortifications, &e The number of hen aoe ete who were soon in me streets of Richmond, dre: mourning, was vy; liceable. Ho heard’ that they wore bul ing a Todhing battory at the Norfolk Navy Yard. THE SOUTHERN SEQUESTRATION ACT. ‘The Richmond Ezaminer, of the 2. inst., gives an ab- stract of a yery important bill passed by shortly before the adjournment, for thesoqucstration ef all North- ern property found in the Scuth:— ‘The bill recites, in the raturo of a preamble, the depar- ture of the government and the people of the United States from the usages of civilized warfare, and the ne- crasity of our only protection against such wrongs im moasures of retaliation. ‘The following is the principal legislative clause:— Be it onacted, by the Congress of the Confederate States, ‘That aif and every, the lands, tenements and heredita- ments, goods and chattela, riglts and credits withia these Confederate States; and every right and interest therein held, owned, or ‘enjoyed by or for any aliew rin since the twenty-first day of May, 1861, except such debts due to an alien enemy as may have been paid into the Treasury of any one of the Con- federate States prior to the passage of this law, bo and thd. same aro by sequestrated by the Confoderate States of America, and shall bo held for the full indem- nity of any true and loyal citizen, » resident of these Con- fedorate States, or other person aiding said Confederate States in tho prosecution of the present war between said Confederate States and the United States of America, and for which he may suffer any loss or injury under the act of the United States to which this act ts retaliatory, or under any other act of tho United States, or of any thereof, authorizing the ‘seizure’ or confiscation of the property of citizens or resittents of the Confdilérate States, or other person aiding sait Confederate States, and the eame shall be scizett and disposed of as provided for im this act: Provided, however, wiien the cstate, property or rights to be affected by this act were or are within some State ot this confederacy, which has’ become such since said twenty-first day of May, then this wct shall operate upon and as to such estate, property or rights, and all persons claiming the same from and after the day such State became a member of this confederacy, and not be- H ided further, that the provisions of this Sct'ball ‘aot extend’ to the stocks or other pub- le securities — of Conf government, the of the Slates of this confoderacy, by.an alien enemy, or to any debt, obliga. tion or sum due from the Confederate government, or any of the States to such alien enemy: And provided, also, ‘That the provisions of this aet shall not embrace the pro- perty of citizons or residents of either of the States of Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, or of the Dis- trict of Columbia, or of the Territories of Now Moxico, Arizona, or the Indian Territory south of Kansas, except. such of said citizens or residentsas shall commit actual hostilities hoy ‘the Conforterate States, or aid‘or abet the United States in the existing war against the Coafede- rate States, ; Sections two to thirteen provide for the appointment of receivers in each county, and impose a penatty of $2,000 on all who may endeavor to conceal the ownership of property belonging to alien enemies, gection fourteon provides for the Spointintat of three Commissioners to take charge of the Sequestration Fund and to hear and decide on all claims against it. AN Immense Trar.—Yestorday the longest train of cara ever seo in this city, and probably the longest ever scan in tho world, passed over the Central Railroad from the Kast. It was one mile and a quarter and thirty roads in length, and was drawn by five locomotives. Of course but few of the cars were loaded. They were bound for Buffalo, to be there loaded with Westoru produce,—Ro- chester Union, Sept. 3. or of any. held or owned }