The New York Herald Newspaper, August 30, 1861, Page 2

2 ———$—$ ne Sd ARRIVAL OF THE ASIA. THREE DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. England’s Efforts to Open New Cotton Fields. Premium from the Nicaraguan Government to British Planters, and Shipment of the Staple for Liverpool from the Republic. ITALIAN TROOPS ABOUT TO ENTER ROME. Another Austrian Struggle in Hungary at Hand. The Visit of the King of Sweden to Na- poleon Displeasing to Russia. OUR PARIS AND BERLIN CORRESPONDENCE. SPROLINE IN COTTON—DREADSPUPES LOWER: CONSOLS, 00 3-4 a 90 7-8, &e., &e., &e. ‘The Cunard steamship Asia, Captain Lott, which sailed from Liverpool at eight o'clock on-the morning of the 11th, and from Queenstown on the evening of the 18th “Inst., arrived here oarly yesterday morning, bringing the (Malla, passengers and specie. ‘The Asia brought the following SPECIE LIST. rh. B. Howe. . £300 | MoCready, Mott & Co 450 sted, Chamberiaia & Co, 1,000 . Kiwell & Co. Benedict & Co. Order ....,. Goorge W. Platt. : . + $6,000 ‘The London Zunes of the 15th of August remarks :~The following relates to the debt of Kouador. It may be hoped that the republic will now continue in a course to Tocover and sustain its financial credit:— EevADORIAN COMMISSION OF AGENCY, LL Ausixrriars, Loxpoy, August 14, 1881. Messrs. Gutierre & Co. have forwarded to their con- Bignee in London 2,000 quintals of eccoa, with instruc. tions to hand the proceeds (about £3,600), when sokt, to the fiscal agent of the republic towards the payment of the iuterest on the consolidated debt. The Heng Kong (China) correspondent of the London Times, writing on the 28th of June, say: ‘Tho first teas brqught down from Hankow by European agency have arrived at Shanghae, and more are expected, though a large portion of these teas will find their way to Canton in consequence of arrangoments made before tho opening of the Yangtze ports. Retes of new teas at Foochow continue extremo, and tho reiative inferiority of ‘the present to the previous crop is confirmed. ‘The Bulletinde Paris, a government lithographic shect, announces that the “Irsh General,”"(?) Smith O’Brien, has arrived here, and “his countryman, Marshal McMa- hon,” received him with due honor, ‘The London Times of tho 17th of August says:— Mercantile advices from Port-au-Prince complain strongly of alleged neglect on the part of the English squadron on the West India station in not taking any Moasuros for the protection of our merchants resident at that place during the excitement against all the Europo- ans which provailed in consequence of the recent naval demonstration of Spain against Haytt. The Corneen (a Mauritius paper) states that the agenty or owners of a Turkish vexsel captured by the French frigate Sidon, on suspicion of being engaged in the slave trade, haye arrived thore in order to obtain some expla- nations on the subject of the capture of the veesel and the merchandise, said by them to be of great value, which composed the cargo. The Sidon had on board 167 Africans and three Arabs, who, there is every reason to Suppose, have been talcen out of some slave trader. ~ By accounts recently received from Sydney, it appears that the guano discovered some time since on Flat Island, in Port Philip Bay, is now in much use, the difference in prico between this gnano and that imported from the Chincha and other islands on the coast of Pera being very considerablo, the former being but five guineas per ton, while the latter commands from £15 to £16. A letter from Beyrout, Syria, ingthe Paris Monde says:-— Great irritation now prevails in Syria, and particularly at Beyrout, between the French and English parties, The latter exult at haying removed the army of occupation, and uso and abose their influence, which is in favor of tho aries, British preponderance also makes tine. Protestant propagandisin is fr ied on on a large scale, and by the help of a thousand corruptive moans, The Conference of Saint Vivecnt de Paul at Beyrout has made heroic efforts, and imposed on itself heavy a: e8 in Order to prevent the logs of souls not only in the town but in the mountains of Lebanon. In order to meet its urgent wauts, tho Conference has opened @ subscription, to which the Catholics have gencrously contributed, The return of the first of the French versels engaged in the Newfoundland fishery, the Courrier du Golf, took place at Marseilles on the 11th of August. She left Newfound- land on the 6th of last month, and had a cargo of 124 tons of codfish, The harvest reports from the great Fnglish agricultural counties of Gloucester, Hereford, and Worcester, are very favorable for the prospect of a good yield. The potatoes, however, aro a serious loss. The carly sorts were got to market in splondid condition; a finer crop has not been dug up for many years. The later sorts—fluker, regents, &c.—aleo, are a very beautiful crop, but about a fortnight before the Asia sailed, the ground being then wet, and the atmosphere heavy with moisture, the old disease mani- fested iteelf, and very rapidly incroased, so that in a few days it was a.most universal, The Great Eastern arrived at Liverpool at balf-past seven on the evening of the 15th inst. ‘The New York reached Southampton and the Glasgow Liverpool on the morning of the 16th inst. The Arabia arrived at Queenstown early on the morn- ing of the 17th inst, Our Paris Correspondence. Paris, August 16, 1963. Disastrous Effects of the War on the Manufacturing Interests Of France—An Intimation that Cotton will be Shipped to the Mills—Hovw will the Imperial Tobaceo reach Home? — France Ready to Acknowledge the Revels if England does $0 Also—The Rebel Commissioner Leaves for London, . ‘The American war caugos a great deal of misory here. ‘The great silk, velvet and porcelain factories have dis- charged one-half of their workmen, while the manufacture of articles of luxury, bronzes, &c., are likewise affected. A packer, who lives in the Faubourg St. Antoine, assured me the other day that his business was quite at a stand still. He said that whero hitherto he omployed thirty. four men, he now has but two. “There are no goods to pack up now,” said he, despondingly ; ‘the Americans only think of cutting each other’s throats, not of buying from yur goods,’ ho factories that need cotton haye been given somo- how to understand that the needful supply will be provided Chis fall, How it is to be got has not as yet transpired. ‘Those who know what an immense revenue the govern- Ment makes from its monopoly of the tobacco sale throughout France assert that it will surely manage to have the tobacco it has caused to bo bought by its agontas, now in the Southern States, brought over b ‘ovem- ber at the furthest, How’ that may bo pone. ¢an tal ‘There are nowstarngers here who assert that Franco has announced to Vngiand her readiness to recognise the Southern confederacy, but I think that as yet no such Proposition has been marie. Still J should not be sup prised to hear at any moment that France had recognized the South. She intends doing 80, no doubt, and but bides es mane Was ope, I fear, A short time wiil We have but one course to Jand and naval forces on suc will look twice ere they The Monifeur, you a time “letters from Lond cause they may be rega the Views of the gover: the official journal of to-day is one of theso |e Says:—Some duquietude is beginning to be felt at London ns with the United States. The Washing and the Americans of the North ar iy irritated at the ed attitude which £5 has assunace vil war,and it w Mitted that the criticisms made by certain English jo Bals on the Manaseas affair are not calenlated to mod Shatimpressiou, | Two circumstances may alter the fri Ay relations of England with America: one is the an Bounced intention of the Washington government to levy Busioms duties on vessels at off the ports now in e ion of the Confederates: and th o in. ReStion ascribed to Mr. Line 7 arhng that aster oln of dectar: Gecupied by the revels are uot ports, weer eee pursue; wo must put our ba footing that our exemies quarret outright with us, Depend upon it ¢f Bnglana will only act, France is now ready (0 recognise (he South, x Mr. Root, Souther Commissioncr, has jast loft here for London. It is said he goes to induce the St. James Ministry to immediate action. They will, Isuppose, think twice ere they proclaim what we should consider au act of deadly enmity. Oar Berlin Correspondence. Braun, August 13, 1861. German Sympathy with the Union Government in its Misfor” tune—Bad Effect of Mr. Russell's Reports to the London Times—A Friendly Faith in Southern Energy and Recu- peration, dc. , éc. We are anxiously expecting further events from your ide of the water, which we hope will bo less unpropitious han the last. It is evident, however, that tho disaster at Manassas Junction, though serious enough, was not so overwhelming as it appeared by the first reports. Unfor- tunately, the German, and indeed the wholo continental public, derive their impressions of this affair almost ex- clusively from the letters of the special correspondent of the London Times, which haye been translated into all the Dowspapers. Of course statements proceeding from such a source cannot give a very favorable idea of the prowess of our American volunteors, and the remarks we hear concern- ing them are by no moans flattering. People do not con- sider that if the defeat of a trained European army—such as that of the Prussians at Jt the Austrians at Solfe- rino, or the ropulse of the English from the Redan—were dotailed with similar minuteness by an unfriendly pen, it would present features quite as discreditable ag those des- canted upon by Mr. Russell. homer and short if itseoms to be that the corps of General MoDoweil, after fighting bravely a whole cay, were seized with a sudden consternation which resulted in & precipitate aud unnecessary retreat, but for which raw soldiers ought not to be consures too severely, when we recollect that similar panics have, froquentiy’ occurred among regular troops—witoess the ‘Canter of Cottbrigg’? and the battle of Preston Pans. Kyen the bravest man has his moments of weakuess, and fear'ts as contagious a digease as the smallpox. Tam persimded that the hardy sons of the North and West will soon retrievo their reputation, if they haye not done 80 already; but in tho meanwhile it is not to be de- nied that this national event has reacted yory injurtousty upon public opinion, Hitherto it was generaily believed that the superiority of wealth and numbers pussusset by tho States that bave remained taithful to the Union would soon enable them to get the better of the sceeders; but now this conviction is seriously sbaken, and a proto a war ia looked forward to, which, whatever be the result, will certainly bo ruinous to the commercial interests of Europe. y Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mathews, TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD, Gork Lovage, Foutam, Loxpox, August 10, 1861. SiR—A paragraph has been sent to mo extracted from the New York Sunday Courier (a somewhat similar one having appeared in the Sunday Dispatch, and no doubt in @hundred other papers which I have not seen nor am ever likely to see), stating that “Mr. and Mrs, Charles Mathews are living wuhappily together, pecuniary mattors being at the bottom of the diffloalty;” the Courier going 80 far as to assort that “they parted for some weeks, but wo bolieve haye como together again.”? Now, sir, you will easily conceive that this gossip can be of no importance to me; but itis a report which, in justice to my wife, I cannot allow to pass un: noticed, as it is calculated to misiead and pain many of her friends and well wishors on your side of the Atlantic and has not even tho shadow of the truth to cxcuso it. I therefore ask of you, as an especial favor, to lend me the advantage of your very wide circukdion to give the most emphatic denial to the ill natured assertion. My wifeand have never been soparated for an hour since our mar- riage, aud a happier couple in every respect I firmly be- lieve is not to be found in tho world. Pecuniary diflieal- ties have wholly ceased to annoy me, and, Tam’ proud to acknowledge, entirely by her evonomy, industry aud good management. Her conduct has been exemplary in every way, and the only debt 1 now aye is one of sincere and affectionate gratitude for hor unremitting devotion to my interests aud to the comfort and regulation of my house, No man was ever biest with a better wife, and the only punishment I would wish to be inflicted upon the base originator of this malicious libel would be, that he should be forced to witness the quict domestic enjoyment and unaltoyed felicity in which we live. Tam, sir, your obe- dient servant, 0. J, MATHEWS. England Endeavors for an Independent Supply of Cotton—Cultivation of the Staple in Egypt and a Shipment for Li- verpool from Nicaragua—The London Times on American Credit and the Mor- rill Tarif—Chances of a Military Dicta- torship or Royalty—The Abolitionist Ideas Again at Work in England. A letter from Mr. Haywood, tho Secretary of the Cotton Supply Association of England, detailing the result of his interview with the Viceroy of Egypt, and his general im- pressions as to the productive capacity of the country for cotton, is published. He believes that the growth of cot- ton may be extended to an unlimited extent, and says that ono of the recommendations of the Viceroy was that English capitalists should come forward and make those advances on the growing crops, at a reasonable raie of interest, which have bi hitherto male al most exorbitant rates. He believed this would in the fellahs to considergbly extend their production. American seed sown in Egypt had produced cotton valued in Liverpool at 84. per ib.; and it is recommended to send small parcels of this seed to the several Pachas of Egypt and large cultivators of cotton, LETTER FROM THB NICARAGUAN MINISTER TO BRITISH PLANTERS, 10 THR EDITOR OF THE LONDON TIMES, In the Times of yesterday you publish an account, re ceived by the West India mail, of the first cotton (con- sisting of about thirty bales) exported from Nicaragua, stating Mr. J. FE. Rossell,an American gentleman, to be the planter and shipper. In the latter portion there is a slight inaccuracy. Mr. Russell was the shipper, but the cotton was grown by the natives. T cannot allow this op- portunity to pass without asktug the favor of your giving publicity to the great desire ot tho Nic g ment to see British industry a cotton in that part. The Pr by a decree of the 14th of May last, granted many privileges to the planters, and, among others, that “all foreign goods imported into the State by the cotton growers, to the same extent in value as the cotton exported, shall be exempt from one half the duties that are now, or may hereafter be, levied. ‘The valuo of the cotton will be computed at the rate of two and 4 half cents per pound with seed, and four cents per pound cleansed from seed.” Jn adiition to the above, Iam ingtructed by his Excol- tency Senor J. de Marcoleta, Miuister Plenipotentiary trom Nicaragua, to state that his Excellency is anthorized to make afree and liberal grant of jond in the repab 0 those peraons who may be desirous of establishing them. sclyes in the State for the purpose of cotton growing. 1 am, sir, your obedient servant, JAMES 1. HART. Mexican, Salvador and Nicaraguan Consulate, Avousr 15, 1861. {From the London Times, August 17.] * * * Whatever country sends us the best cotton, at the cheapest rato, and with the greatest rogu Jarity, will command the market. It would be forta- nate in many ways if tho prize should fall to India, but commerce looks to its own neods only. We doubt if any country could haye driven America from the fleld if Ame- rica had remained exempt from tronbles, but the contin. gency which haa now happened has been go long aud so 5 uneasily anticipated that the actual event telis strongly against the chances of America and in favor of a fre# competition. If the civil war should last ancther year, the cotton trae will protably be revolutionized, and with it’ the fortunes and destinies of States. THK COTTON GROWING MOVEMENT IN INDTA, Calcutta (July 8) Correspondence of London Times.} e cotton movement in England has given rise to great exertions on the part of the officials in this country to mako India an efficient substitute for the Southern States of the American Unicn. ‘Tho principles upon which the government propose to act are succinctly laid down in a letter from the Home Secretary to Messrs, Mosley & Hurst, agents to the Man- cheater Cotton Sdpply Association, dated the 24 inst. In this loitor the Secretary states that “the subjects of the grant of waste land in fee simple, and of the redemption of the land tax have occupied and continue to occupy the earnest attention of the government. They haye been considered with bey * desire to afford the fullest scope for tho investment of European capital, and to remove all ifteial impediments to the Jand owner making the most profitable uso of his land.’” “It is probablo,” he adds, “that the former subject, relating to the grant of waste Innds, will shortly be dis. posed of in such a’ manner as to promote th great objects.’” The redemption of waste lands, however, the Secretary states to be beset with greater ditticulties, owing partly to w er differences of opinion on the subject itself, and partly to the great financial im- portance of the land tax, which forms so very large a portion of the public income as to render any Nasty and misjudged action regarding it very inexpedient. On the Point of the cuftivation of the cotton, and with respect to its gathoring, cloansing and transport, it is obsorved (hat in the details of the first—the cultivation—the uative of India has little or nothing to learn from agriculturists of other quarters of the globe; that with regard to the second—the gathering—the government can do nothing, but that much may be done by the capitalist who lends money to the cultivator, or who buys produce from him; that, in connection with the third—the cleaning or freeing the cotton from seed—the same retoark is applicable; bat that, in the fourth point— that of transport—the goverment will perform, so far as the Ananctal resources of the country will admit, the duty which mainly devolves upon them of facilitating the trans- cotton by improving roads and meang of internal nication, re the main points of the roply which, however, together with the letters which called it forth, {send you 1 Oxtenso. Tt will bo admitted, T think, in Engl ackuowiedgod in this country, t done ail which a ge i wards the 1 which, i the real univ tmen' not of policy, but of fested by the prose id, as ithas been ® government has rhmeni could be expected to do to- ‘on of this important object—an object lly accomplished, wi of E government mani ct of an efficient po. ce will then become a ne. Pitess Of the millions Of India will be in. © prosperity of the cotton lords of Man- cuater for the laborers Sf Indva are free labor: hose willi, 10 work may be m by the won of material comfort secured to tem mene fying, then, to gco all classes working to bring about a re. Rult So important to all. ‘Tha Lieutenant Governor of Pongal has oven recommende’ as wn excopdioual case, NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, AUGUST 30, 1861. that: government fuctorios should be established in the Chittagong hills for buying, cleanin cotton, such as is suitable to the ke Grant considers the case, with respect to this parti locality , as altogether exceptional, and he argues that the “conversion of the savage Kookies from their habits of murderous incursions into the plaing for the purpose of cutting off human heads, and carry away women into slavery to habits of peacefully raising and selling onttun, would be so great @ political object a& to justify an excep: tion to the genera! rule of interference,” The Governor General in Council, while approving Mr. Grant's geueral plan, expresses a preference in favor of the establishnent of such factorics by private enterpriae, “aided by any grants of land, special measures of poliea, or other iacili- ties which government cam furniah.” It will thus be seen that the subject of colton is mooted in oemone and form, and that it really is at this moment i ‘the question of, THE ABOLITIONISTS AT WORK IN ENGLAND—EMANCI- PATION OF THE NEGRO A MAIN OBJEOT OF THE WAR. (From the London Cifronicle, August 15. * * * Mr. Lincoln's wire drawn wuitees J otalned no allusion to tho.mouster evil, and foundation of tho strife, because America is as yet as far bohind England in recognizing the claims of the negro as a hyman being, a8 she has proved hersolf in preferring the fallacies of pro- tection to the sound doctrines of free trade, Sho has long had men like Clarkson and Wilberforce; but their leaven made littio impression upon the mags, and she has still an obvious determination to blink this question, chiefly on account of its cost, if she possibly can, Mr. Seward has lot fall somo phrases which show that ho is not icno- rant of tho fundamental principles inyolyod, and nothiag ean account for bis reticence in speaking upon the matter, except the fact that the Northern public wants educating to a true perception of the dutics and diticuities of the time, Hitherto the abolitionists have been a small, aad, in some respects, an us mninor= ity. They have preached long and k they have made few converts, partly because the minds of their bearers wore like stony ground, and partly because they generally confined themselves to fanatical enuncintions of an abstract proposition, and took no pains to show how the transition from one state of society to ariother could be conveniently mado. Phe South is quite right in sup- posing that the safely of its black property would be imperil- led by reunion with the North ; vut tI ja quite wrong in hugging the delusion that ifs political aspira’ions or phi'anthromic sentiments can be way than that adopled ty the Gla Country, whose Negro Fmancipation, honorably paid for, was one of the graud- est acts of modern times. THE MORRILL TARIFF AND THE FOREIGN CREDIT OF THE UNITED STATES—A TERRIBLE DISAPPOINTMENT IN STORE FOR THE LONDON TIMES. [From the London Times (city Article), August 15.) Fach new statement from America’ regarding the financial and commercial prospects of the country demon Strates the fate that would deservedly impend over all Persons in Europe who might be tempted by the hope of gain into supplying means for a continuance of thy sirife. ‘The Morrill Tacif’, which commercially assimiledes tne Uni. ‘ates with the most retrograde countries in the world, cont that even in the darkest of these countries any tions now made are generally toward a better co dition while Aimerica hes dehberately stepped from bad to worsé, is not only to be maintained but to be in- creased in force by the imposition of additional duties. Atthe same time the Secretary of the Treasury ix to bo empowered to put forth an apparently uniimited creation of treasury notes for amounts equivalent to £1 and £2 each ‘for national circulation.”” We are consequently to witners in combined action the two influences of a protective and prohibitory custom house tom, and a paper cnrreney of the most enticing and igerous description. It is an embodiment of the dreams of the Jate Colonel Sibthorp andef Mr, Spooner, of Bic- mingham, in one effort. Coupled with this. there is to be an jucomo tax of three per cent on ail incomes of £160 per annum, which will leaye entirely untouched the great mass of the people who regulate the politics of the nation, and which will depend for its amount upon the voluntary, honesty of tho returns sent in by tho remainder. The measure was to apply in fair proportion to landed pro- perty, but the Western farmers would not submit to this, and the Houso of Representatives, it is said, ‘wisely gave way to their objections.” A tax of 2v. on silyer watches, and of 48. on gold watches, as well as of 48. to £10 oncar- riages, according to their quality, an exciso on spirits and beer, an incieased duty on sugar, and entirely new duties cn ten and coffee, aro ainong the other means by which it ie hoped to add a few millions storling to the revenue. The cost of collection in awide country like America must, of course, be cnor- mous, and fiftcon per cont is to be offered to ¢ach State that will perform that task for itself, and thus save the necessity of providing a separate and costly machinery on the part of the gencral government. The nine #0- ceding States aro reckoned among the contributorics each in their proportion, and after they #hail have bocn coerced back into the Union, apd have ruined themselves as far as possible by their efforts in war, they will there- fore havo to meet heavy arrears while they are volunta- rily voting the supplies to provide the dividends on such federal loans a3 may have been raised for bringing them to obedience, ‘The journals hold out that “Of course they, do not anticipate any such state of things as the income tax becoming permanent, as has been the case in Great Britain; but the substitute that is to bo found for it whon the results of borrowing cnormous sums at ten and twelve per cent interest shall come to be traly felt, is nat even hinted at. ‘The federal expenditure is now estimated, on geod authority, to bo goiug on at the ralo of £75,000/000 per aznum, exclusive Of the distinct and sovereign expenditure of each of the thirty-four States. The ordinary federal revenue from all sources is about £16,000,000. | Supposing the new du- ties 10 yiold the £4,000,000 or £8,000,000 anticipated, there remains about £50,000,000 or £60,000,000 to be obtained by loans in the shape of issues either of stock, Treasury vouds, or notes for national circulation. At present, with an amount of bullion in the New York banks far exceed- ing any aum ever before known, and while the money ressnre from the new order of .things has scarce- ly yet been practically felt, the lowest rate at which the government can borrow, even for short periods, is 10 per cent. What will be the charge when speci rapidly flows out in consequence of the gi- ic expenditure, when a severe money market operates, togother with political distrust, and when it is found that three months’ loans are as bad and deceptive as three months’ enlistments? Already we have ussertione that the votes in Congress have destroyed the credit of the government, and that it could not now get £4,000,000 on any ierms in the New York markel—{The news of the action of the banks in New York, Boston and Philadelphia with respect to our great national homo loan had evidently not reachod Printing House square on August 15—Kp. Hr- vhile the most hopefnl and strongest frionds of h Hege that the government credit will still prove good “if? it: financial hemo is broad enough to meet the necessities of the case; if, after the fashion of Mexico and Turkey, specttic branches of revenue are pledged as security, and if £10,- 060,000 or £20,000,000 of paper circulation fs put out. Un- der the elrcumstances the most earnest wish of the friends of America must be that the difficntties thus in sight may accumulate with sufficient rapidity to bring both North and South to reason. If thay were (o be stuved off by funds from Europe the lenders would richly deserve that share of Qhe bitter resulis Which would be certain speedi- ly to fail upon them, SHALL WE HAVE A MILITARY ROYAL BU {From the London Herald (Derby organ), Augnst 16.] American affairs seom to be what the French call cipitating thomsclvos”’ with great rapidity. ‘The rupture is yet but afew months old; oniy one battle and afew trifling sl:irmishes have taken place, and already New seoms almost in a state of anarchy, and a military tiem has comihenced establishing Itself, if it is not dy established, ‘That such events would’ be likely to take place was apparant to raoat observers; but that they should take place with such rapidity has'been startling even to thore who are least disposed by their politl- cal principles to rely om the patriotism of de- magoues and the effectivenss of armics _con- trolled by clabs and committees. We all kuew that the bulk of what has been called the grand army consisted partly of raw voluntcors, partly of aner- cenary rogiments, composed of foreigners picked up any- where and anyhow, the whole commended in chief by a few snporior officers of the rogular American army, of real knowledge and merit, but commanded in detail by Togimental officers, most of whom had not only never seen service’but had searcely ever seen regular ahd steady drill. Stil} we could hardly guess in England that the do- tporalization was so fearful as that described by Genoral n he refused the command except as dicta- t ho baci Lies deine have the entire Conirol of tie apy’, sublegt te po By ment or ai- Porior offtoer. ‘ihe whore sees fs FS 4 Ttinat hava 3,” ‘the the full power to cut ont the bad ‘That power, it is said, is conceded tohim. With it he May, perhaps, overcome the South, though we doubt that result. With it, if ho is of the Washington stamp, ho may, perhaps, restore the republic, and then yield up the diota* torship. Wilh it, sf he is of the Napoleon samp (and Nayole- onic ambition is more frequent than the elf-abnegation of a Washington, who stat almost alone in the history of man), the imperial or royal regime has begun in Ame- rica, rice With that portion of the subject, however, it is not our Present purpose to deal, except ‘en passant. We wish more particularly to ‘comment on the flight of Bull run; not with a view to harp upon the dis- graceful conduct of the thousands who fied in panic before an enemy that was not pursuing, but rather with the view of palliating or explaining their condnet, by calling attention to the causes which led to go many regi- ments throwing away their character as soldiers—causes whieh are at ware in all large bodies of undisciplined men, officered by regiméntal offcers ignorant of their duty, causes which, taking a broader view of the philoso- phy of man’s nature, are at work inall large bodies of men, under all circumstances. The fight at Bull run was aclear panic among tho men—unchecked, because they had officers who neither knew how to check them in a military point of view, nor had any influence ovor them. How should they, when one sees by the accounta that are daily pouring in that many regiments were actually com- manded by men not fit to be camp followers? THE AMERICAN WAR QUESTION ON THE ENGLISH ELEC- TION HUSTINGS. [From the London Times, August 15.] The nomination of candidates for the newly created third seat for South Lancashire, took place yesterday morning, on hustings erected at Nowton-le-Willows. About 4,000 persons were assembled. The High Sherif, Sir Humphrey de Trafford, presided. Mr. TURNER (consetvative) was received with great cheering from his supporters and hootings from the liberals. He said (the constituency was not called upon to decide a mere personal question be- tween Mr, Cheetham and himself, but whether it would sapport the maintenance of Church sud State. He would oppose the ballot, believing it would fail in its ob- ject, besides destroying the clectora! character for honesty and straightforwardness, (Three cheers for Mr. ‘Yurner.’’) Jn England, under existing arrange- ments, we enjoyed a freedom of speech and action which he would venture to say was vot enjoyed in any other part of the world, In France the baliot had produced a barely concealed despotism of the mngest character, (Noisy Interruption.) Th America, it seemed, the ballot was not favorable to free trade, for the last tariff there was more protective than any which preceded it. Nor had the ballot protected the United States from the pre- sent deplorable crisis in that country. (Cheers.) Re- flecting on what was passing in (hese States, we had no- thing to fear from a comparison cf our institutions: DICTATORSHIP OR A ? with Un the way, He was toi! to look at Amorica, and be would ask them to look thore at the prosent state of things and draw the lesson it conyeyod. The evilin the South was the existence of that date of slavery which under the good old tory administrations of past days was established in that country, (Choers.) One great cause of the existing quarrel between the South and the North was on the good oid tory notion of a high tariff. It was toryism, or the principles of toryiam, both in the Southand the North, that caused the present troubles in America, He had been msreprosented on the question of Church and State. What he had said was, that it was a question that would not be disc d in our time, but whenever Mr. Cumeruam (reformer), who was receiv The {ollew ing table will show the fuctw wg bill i cheering and disnpprobation, said the first question | since the 9th inst.— ot, Mr. | Was, by what standard or test were (he cluctors goibg tode- o— For Money. ——, ——F Account. lar | Cher “There were great principlés ut issue in tis contest, August. Lowest, Highest. Closing, Lowest, His hest. Clos and thore wore parties, ws in days gone by. He was ac. | Sat. 10.. 90% 9036 9034" “gore ose 00: cused by Mr, ‘Turner of decrying our institutions. Why | Mon. 12.. 90% 903% 9034 903g 90% ° 90% his whole political career in counection with the liberal | Tues, + 9% 90g 0ig. 9035 90! 90% party had boen to reform, amend, establish and perpotu- | Wed. 14.. 9034 9035 903 80590) 9034 ato the institutions of tho country. (Choers.) If those | Thur. 15.. 903; 905, 905 90% g0% 90% institutions bal been ieft to the guardianship of his hon- | Fri, 16.. 9035 9054 9035 90% 90% orable opponent and the covservatives Ley would have | In the foreign stock market Turkish bonds haye given been far more ‘\ilapidated than that old white house over | way in price, and are now markedly lower than when we last quoted then, ‘The demand for money has been active, and the rates have generally been equal to the new ininimum of 43¢ percent, ‘The inquiry yesterday was stimulated by the provision made for taking up the £1,000,000 of Victoria railway bonds to-day. There have been arrivals of gold from the West Indies and Africa amounting to £70,800, while the exports have been very light, 298,000. in ail- vor have also boon received by Wie West India steamer, The advices from Meibourny report the departure for England of the Koh-i-Noor, Orwell and Water Nymph, with a total of £958,500 in gold. the change took jace it would bo effocted by the mem- Ders of the Chareh of England itself, when they saw, amid the diversity of opinion and practice, the benefits of sopa- ration between the Church and the State, (Cheers and uproar, fon Tiesday night Mr, Mommatt, tho liberal member for Honiton, addressed his constituents in the Assembly Rooms, at the Dolphin Hotel, tho chair boing occupied by Mr. 8. ©. Cox, Roferring to America, he deeply deplored the quarrel; but he earnestly hoped ‘that England would not be involved in it in any way. . {fied in any olher 4 ‘THE BRITISH NORTH AMERICAN FLEET. (From the London Tunes, August 15.) ‘The crew of the pa'lowhee! steam frigate Valorous, 16, Capt. William C, Aldham, ©,B., at Dvanport, wore paid ra esterday, in the presence of Admiral Superintendent a8 Ye The National Income of England. ITS ANNUAL AGGREGATES—THR SURPLUSAGE AND DEFICIENCIES, ‘From the London Times (City Article), August 15.) K following abstract of a Parliamentary stayghent just" issued shows tho estimated income of tho United Kingdom daring each of the last thirty-three vears, from which it appers that although, according to the sanguine views of tho various Chancellors of the Exchequer, a de- ficiency was apprehended only in nino instances, this re- sult actually occurred in fourteen instances:— ————Ftimatet, Actual Year ending} Income. \Surplur.| Defey. |Surplus.| Defey. Jan. 5, eH el: 000} ed - 1832 493,479) (698,857 April 5, 1533] _ Antal 4 = 1835) = Ei aa) = 1338) — - 1,423,532 1339) 27197] = 430,325 1840) 985,000) — | 1,457,223 1s41 41,000) | L851 O07 1882] 2,421,776) — | 21301984 1343) _ — 2,421,776 3844) i _ 1345) = - des6| - = 1847] = — 1848) _ 8,092,285 yl 2,081, 209,373, 1881 a mn 1ss2 - - 1853 - = 1854) = Mch.S1, 1856 190,008 1 728,554 1397] 25, OOS 1855] 66, 247,346 1809) - ‘Yse0) 69 — £81) 7 598,385 Great Britains ‘Tho political nows by the Asia is quite unimportant. ‘The King of Sweden was sojourning in London, and vis- iting the various objects of interest in the city. A grand roview in his honor had taken place at Aldershott, and he is said to bave been Helge byt? complimentary in his remarks pon the cavalry, Tho aunual meeting of the Social Science Association was in progress at Dublin, with Lord Broughan as Presi- dent, Tho Galway Steamship Company, in their report, con- baie lia poideislanicniniok Laat eonmemmatasiee aiente tive promise that the mail contract will be restored when the company is in‘s position to carry it out. France. The fete of the Assumption and of the Emperor was cele- bre , a8 usual, at Paris on the 15th instant. ‘The Bourse on the 26th instant was firm, but rentes at the close showed a slight decline, the price being 63.45, Italy. A rojigious ceremony in honor of the fele Napoleon took place in one of the Turin churches on the 15th inst., and a fino illumination at Naples. A letter from Rome in the London News says that Mies Harriet Hosmer, of whom America is justly proud, has completed her One colossal statue of |. Benton, to be erected in bronze at St. Louis, whon it shall have been cast by the Munich foundry, to which the mould will soon bo consigned. He also says that Miss Hosmer will be nobly represented at the great exhibition in London next yoar by her statue of the “Captive Queen"—Zenobin, Tho Indepeadance Bela assorts that the French govern- mont had ordored Genoral Goyon not to oppose the en- trance of General Cialdini and his troops into the Papal territory shoutd the necessity of war require it, Part of the English squartron ha arrived at Naples from Malta. ‘The Italian soldiers had taken from the ssurgents the Villages of Ponte Landoifa, in the province of Sannio, and that of Casaldini in the provinces of Motiso, Austria. It is stated that the war office at Vienna was busily engaged in weeding from the regiments tn Hungary every oflicer not {own to be personally devoted to Aus- trian ivtorests and pliable in a strvggle which is held to be unavoidable, The Journal des Debate snys the intends to cail on tho population of Hungary to elect depu- ties direct to the Ruchsrath at Vie » and course would be equivalent to settling Ure ques! the sword. It recommends the Emperor to calla new Diet as the last means of conciliation, ran government Russia A letter from St. Petersburg states that the unexpected visit of the King of Sweden to the Emperor of the Fronch has produced seme sensation in the political circles in that city. Itis the more remarked because the King 6f Swe- deh, eighteen months since, was to have paid a visit to tho Emperor Alexander, but he has not done so, ‘The Swedish Envoy has oxeried himeef to tranquilize the sus- coptibilities of the Court of Rusgia, ‘The postponement of the visit of the King of Prassia to the Emperor of the French is attributed to the desire of the Cabinet of Berlin not to offend the Emperor of Russia, Turkey. ‘Tho Turkish nment was actively progressing with financial refurms and making preparations for the esiab- lishment of a natioual bank. Omer Pacha was indisposed, He was at Mostar, A great fire had taken place in the Turkish quarter of Smyrna. ‘The International Commission had decided in favor of the Porte on the question of the settlement of the bound- aries of the mouths of the Danube pending between the Porte and Moldavia. Cholera had broken out at Tibierni. About 2,000 Bosnian and Montenogrin insurgents were preparing ‘to attack Trebigne, and had niready advanced beyond Nikish, An Unfortanate New York Woman Mur- dere@ in Englan", From the Liverpool Times, . On the 16th the Coroner for Wolverh inquest on tho body of a young woman of age, who had gone by the name of 4 had said that sho was the wife of Captain Chri was transported for cruelty to some of his ssomet voyage from Now York to Livers ca). Titkouet tho fot BipRoed to have uc. wife, yet she is thought to have come to Way his “protection.”” She was manifestly aut American, aud at one time she must haye moved in a respectable sphere of society, She had been well educated, and bad said that she _Was born in ono of the principal thoroughfares of New York. For somo timo past she had been living with & pitsinker of Wolverhampton as his ‘wife. By this fellow, whose name is Clarke, she was taken off the streets, and has ever since been subjected to frightful ill usage at his hands, When, in consequence, she left him, ag she has frequently, his practice was to force her back under the threat of murdering her; and he has often sworn that before she would be another’s he would mur- der her. Three weeks ago he was resting, her with frightful barbarity, and she sought refuge in the house of neighbor, to which place, however, he followed her and continued his violence, It’was in vain that she appealed for morcy on account of ber friendless condition. Ever since sho had suffered greatly from asevere pain in the back of her head, the principal seat of the injuries which she received. Onthe 12th she died. The coroner ad. Journed tho inquest for a post mortem examination, and ordered Clarke into custody. THE VERY LATEST. [BY TELEGRAPH TO QUEENSTOWN.) Liverpoor, August 18, 1861. Two members of the Italian ministry have resigned. General Cialdini bad demanded the appointment of their successors, Naples will undertake to crush out the brigand chiefs. Toya, one of the chiefs of the Spanish insurrection, bas been executed. The Markets. LONDON MONEY MARKET. the Liverpool Times (City Article), August 17.] The market for British securities since our last has been firm, with ap advancing tendency, the coutinuance of fine weather and the favorable appearance of tho money mar- ket being the cause of the improvement, Yesterday (15th) consols opened for account at 905% & % steady. On the reduction inthe rate of discount they improved to 903% a %; but sooh afterwards they relapsed to the opening price, principally from apprehon- 8108 as to the continuance of favorable weather for har- yest. The priceat the ofticial close were 905% a 3 for account, and 9015 a 5% for money. Reduced, 90%, 8 1, a 34; new three por cents, 901, a3, a 44. Exchequer bills 16s.'a 10s. discount for March, ‘and ‘6s. a 1s. discount for June. There were no transactions in Bank tock. To-day (16th) the market has been steatty at yesterday's. prices. "Console for the account wero at 90% in the morn- ing, and closed at 90% a %; for money the last price was “903g 8; March Exchequer bills left off at 14.8 6 dis- count; bank stock, 233 s 235, and the three per cents at 9034 8 9055 In the London Railway share market during the frst half of the past week the elit b scinss was in connec: tion with the settlement, which diselzed an ample sup- ply of stock. ‘The prejudice to the market was not, how- evor, great; and yosterday shares had au improving ten- dency in the fisst’ instance, and an adyance was establish- ed in most dederiptions, Mr. I. R. Oswald, irou ship Wuilder, Pallion, Sunder- land, has suspended, ‘The Ninbilities are between £60,000 and 270,000, and owing to Nr. Oswall’s iiiness, which at prevent entisely incapacitates him trom business, it is ‘utterly impossible to stato whether the liquidation will be favorable br otherwise, ‘The weekly returns of the Rank of England show an increase in the bullion of £287 ,213—the amount bold being £12,647, 658, [From rs, Barings’ (London) Circular, August 16.) AMERICAN STOCK! 3. Quotations are nominal, except for United States 5's, which find buyers at 72. Virginia sterling 5’, 4634; 5s, bonds, 4636, Nova Scotia aud New Bruswick 6's, 105 a 10534. Consols leave off 9054 for money, 903, a.90% for the agcount. Bur silver, 68, d. Mexican dollars, 4s. 10%. American eagles, 768. 3d., nominal. Doubloons, Spauish, 76s.; South American, T4s. per ounce. (rom the London Timos (City Articls), August 17.) 74. » Tha a United States 6's, 18° Virginia + 4. LY Erie shares, 1 2a 25 Do. 7's, preference... 43 a 44 Do. assessment scrip. + Mea 2 Illinois Central 6's, 1875..... Ta Ww Do. do, 7's, 1875. Do. do, $100 shares, $80 paid, dis Do. do. ail paid.... ‘a 60 Michigan Central 8's, 1869, conv. 1 79 @ 8L Do. do. sinking fund 8's, 1 mtge.,’82 86 a 89 Michigan So. and Northern Ia. 7's (8.1.),°85 60 a 65 Now York Ceutral 6's (. f.), 1883. 83 a 85 do. 7's, 1 89 a OL 7s) (cony. bds. ot a 9 do. 7's, (8. f.) 1876... ol a 93 Do, do, $100 shares..... oo a 70 New York and Erie 7’s, 1st mtge., 186° 92 a 94 Do, do, 2 m.,'7’6, 1869. 86 a 88 Do. do. 3d m., 7’s,1883.. % a Panama ist mortgage, 7’s, 1565. 93 8 100 Do, 2d do, 7s, 1872. oT a 99 Pennsylvania Contral, 1st mige. 6's, conv... 85 a 87 Do, do, 2d mtgo., 6's, sterling. ... 82 a 84 Do. do. $50 shares 34 a 36 Philadelphia and Reading, 15 a MESSRS. RICHARDSON, SPENCE AND COMPANY'S CiR- CULAR. Liverroo., August 16, 1661. Corox.—The market has been dull throughout the wook, and being moro fully supplied than of late, prices have favored the buyers, and. le it necessary to ro- duco quotations 1-16d. & %¢4. per Ib, Sea Islands un- changed. Surats freely offered, and fully 3¢d. per ib. lower, The dulness here has depressed the market in Manchester, and prices of both goods and yarns have given way without leading to any increase in demand. The quotations are ss -8 9-16d. per Ib. 1B3¢d, Orleans, middiing.. Mobilo, middling Uplands, middling. IN Seigal DReADSsrUFYs.—T he weather has been generally fino, and harvest progresses satisfactorily. In consequence, trade in all articles hag ruled dull, and prices have a declining tendency. At the country markets # good deat of now wheat is offered, and the leg! is generally well spoken of. un Tuesday wheat met a limited demand, had buyers presented themselves, lower rates would have been taken to effect sales. Flour slow, at a reduction of 61. por barrel. Indian corn quiet, and €d. per quartor cheaper, At to-day’s market, with a small at- tendanco of buyers, the business done in wheat was the most retail character, and prices were again easier. Flour neglected and nominal. Indian corn dull, at a further decline of 6d. per quarter, We red Western, 98. 2d. 0 9. for Milwaukee . 8d, 4 93, 9d. foramber; 11s. for winter; Southern, 11s.'a Lis, 4d.; white Westorn,'12s.; Southern, 188, per 100 Ibs. Flour—Philadelphia ‘superfine, 258. oxtra, 258, a 268.; extra Ohio, 258. a 27s.; extra’ Stato, 24s. a 24s. Gd. por 196 Iby. Indian corn—Mixed, 29s, a 30s Ol. yellow, 20a, G1. u 30s.; white, Us. a 33s.'dd. por bs. Baxr.—Good qualities meet a fair domand, but secondary kinds are neglected and lower. Pon quiet and easier. Lacon meets a very slow sale, and holdors, showing much anxiety tosell, accopt gradually recoding prices. Laxp continues in jimited demand, but the week's gales. fare estimated at 100 tous at 48s, a 50s. per ewt, for good to choice. ‘Tattow in large supply and dull, at a further reduction of Is. per ewt. We cannot quote ovor 46s. « 463. Gd. for Butchers’ Association, ahd 453. a 45s. 6d. for good quality of N&w York city rendered. In London also the market er, the closing quotations for’. Y.C. being 44s. for brack, 453. for 1860, and 46s. for new. Qurmormoy Bark stealy at 10s. 6d. for Philadelphia, and 7s. 8d. a 88, Od. for Baltimore, as in quality. Kostx.—In common rather more doing at 63. 9d. a Ts. Ad, per ewt.; sles of all kinds reach 4,000 bbls. Tonresitxt.—The market for spirits has beon very ot; sales about 300 bbis. at 45s. a 468. per wt. Rick.—Ouly about 60 tierces of Carolina have beon placed during the week at 243. a 24s. 6d, for fine, THE LATEST MARKETS. Lavervoon, Angust 18, 1961. ‘The sales of cotton yesterday (Saturday) were 8,060 bales, of which 4,000 bales were to speculators ond ex- porters, Breadstufls vory dull. Provisions quiet. Loxno, August 18, 1861, Consois closed yesterday at 9034 a 9074 for money and account. Erie shares, 244 a 242; Tilinois Central shares, 39. HAVRE COTTON MARKET. Havre, August 16,1361. Sales of cotton for the week 4,000 bales, the market Stock 266,000 bales. closing duil and unchanged. VILLAIN OF THE T COLORS. (From the New York Times, August 28.) CABINET MATTERS. Wo do not believe the people of this country were ever ES IN HIS TRUE more nearly unanimous ©. any subject than ‘they are in demanding that Josoph Hit, of Kentucky, should be made Secretary of War. We mention this simply as a fact, forced upon our notice by what we see and hear every day in the city and the country, among.men of all par- ties—and without the slightest purpose or expectation of seeing any such cyent achioved. The person most inter- ested in Knowing the fact is probably the very last one who will bo permitted to believe or understand it. Mr. Lincoln's knowledge of what thg people want comes to him through these by whom he is immodiately surrounded —men who have personal purposes to serve by approach: ing him, and whoke facts are shaped by their bearing on those purposes. They tell him what the} suppose he de- sires to hear; and as he is known to ‘aaye certain favorite ideas about keoping his Cabinot ‘anbroken, making it & unit, &c., ho is not lik™'s ¢ be very thoroughly jaformed OF why iomng which oa Metar taoek Heese But from onid dnd of the country to the other (here isa pro- found and universal discontent with the movements of the War Department—a discontent that takes no definite shape, fastens upon no specific acts, and is not inclined to wago any personal warfare on the present incumbent, but which foey the seeds of a profound distrust, and a heavy, hope- less, leaden discouragement in the public heart. No man who has been among the Lage anywhere can doubt the oxistence of such a fecling. y are not hopeful of yic- tories, and are more and more depressed by the tidings of frosh disasters. They feel, withont exactly knowing why, that while they are giving midions upon millions money afm hundreds of thousands of men to the govern. ment for the service of the country, these cnormous re- sources are not ured to the best advantage—the country does not reap from them the benefits it has a right to ex- pect—and they naturally look to the War Department as responsible for titis disheartening disappointment, We have no intention to reason either for or against this impression. We desire merely to assert wa existence. It is poworful and ail pervading, and it is at this moment ex- erting a most depressing and damaging influence upon the general tone of the country. We do not ascribe the whole of it to absolute dissatisfaction with Mr. Cameron, It is partly due toaprofound conviction that justice and. good policy both require that the loyal element in the democratic party, and the glorious Unionism of Kentucky, Tennessee and Missouri, should receive the recognition and encouragement which the presence of such a man as Hult in the Cabinet would imply. President Liucoln probably does not realize how thoroughly and utterly all mere par- tisanghip has died out of the popular heart in presenee of that fervent, patriotic flame by which it is red ‘Men think no louger of party lines and party interests. ‘They do not thank him anywhere for partisan appointments. They deprecate and deplore everything which recognises and perpetuates party divisions, While the country is involved in a fierce and terrible strugglo for its very existence, they look upon all who rally to its flag as brethren ia a common cause, and ag equally entitled to share the honors and responsibilities of the public service. ‘This is a noble feeling, and deserves a more cordial re- sponse than it has yet received at the hands of the nt tional government. It proves a breadth and comprehen- siveness in the popular judgment of this great contest, to which nothing in the action of the government as yet corresponds. Up to the present time the administration has been con- ducted upon @ party basis. Ithas received the support—cor- dial, zealous and effective—of the great body of the demo- cratic party in the Northern States, and of a great number of men of a}l parties in the border States of tho South. Neither of these classes has been loud or importunate in de- manding any share whatever in the conduct of the govern- ment which by words and acts support. jut there aro thousands and tens of thousands in the ranks of the re- publican party who kuow that, in national affairs.as in everything cise, the broadest basis is the best, and that neither justice nor good policy will sanction the noglect of elements so important to the great struggle in which the nation ig now involved. {ons in consols INTERESTIC'O FROM MIssoURI OUR ST. LOUIS CORRESPONDENCE. Sr. Lours, Mo., August 27, 1861. Return of the First Missouri Volunteers—Rumored Intention Of the Rebels lo Capture St. Louis—The Governor's Call for Forty-two Thousand Troops—Ben. McCulloch Reported to be Advancing on Rolla—Tugboa's Employed for Govern- ment Service om the Mississippi—Gen. Lyon's Remame— Military Movements, ce. The First regiment of. Missouri Volunteers arrived here from Rolla yesterday, and went into camp near Lafayette: Park. They left St. Louis on tho 18th of Juno, fought in the battle of Booneville on the 18th, marched thence one hundred and sixty miles to Springfield, were in the skir- mish at Dog Springs and in the battle of Spring- field, where they suffered such torrible loss, and the day following that memorable occasion” took up their retreat for Rolla, ‘They have marched nearly four hundred miles since the time of their departure from the arsenal, and havo undergone privations that would have broken down many of the fine regimentsof the East. At the time of their entrance yesterday, though their ranks were fearfully thinned, and ail bore the marks of a severe and fatiguing campaign, their step was as firm and elastie as when they appeared on dress parade at the arsenal when they first entered the servico, Under the order Jately issued by General Fremont, they will at once com: mence recruiting for a regiment 2,000 strong, to consist of twelve companies, each with a battery of six pieces light artillery, The oificers under the new arrangement will bo— 6 Frank P. Bhtir, Colonel, f Geo. L.. Andrews, Lieutenant Colonel. James Totten, Senior Major. J. M. Scofield, Junior Major. MM. L. Lathrop, Senfor Captain, John V. 8. DuBois, Seoont Captain, $. B. Hasscock, Adjutant. Totton, Scofleld, Lathrop and Du Bois are from the rogu- Jar army—Totten holding a captain's commission, and the others ranking as lieutenants. All of them were noted for. their gallantry in the battle at Springfeld. The Kansas First and Second regiments are expected here to-night. ‘The former will remain to recruit to make up for its Be> yore logs in the battle of the 18tia, and offices will be open- ed for its benefit in Kansas, to fill up its ranks there, and ‘as soon as full will come back to St. Louis. They have their choice on their way upward of going by boat or by rail, just as they prefer,and tho np aspen ter find out by which ronte there is the greatest probability of getting up a tight, auc desire to adopt the one the moat promising. The officers of the Kansas First are a little indiguant at finding they canuot have some opportunity uf gotting up a conflict, and one of them Cunor Halder- mai), who was conspicuous for his gallantry on the memorable 10th, thinks it would be much better to recruit at the various towns along the “Big Muddy” than in this city, citing a8 a reason the ex- treme robabilitiog of a daily ight. Ifthe grand army of the Potomac was composed of such soldiers. as. tho Kansas boys, or those of the First Missouri, the defeat at Bull rup would bave been on the other side, and the Stars ‘and Stripes would to-day wave over Richmond, with the Confederate army more than hull down,beyoud the South. ern horizon. Arebel gentleman told me this morning that ho had the fuliost cOnfivence that St. Louis would be in the pos- session of the rebels within three weeks. He said that Pulow, with 32,000 men, McCulloch with 40,000, aud Hardee with 12,000, are making a combined movement, with this city their point of juncture. 1 give his state. ment for what it is worth. Since the proclamation of Gov. Gamble cailing for 42,000 men, the Irish of St. Louis, @ majority of whom are opposed to fighting, especially to Oghtiby against the, rébols, have quite a scare, ‘They fear that cessary to draft men to fill up the ranks of the troops thus called for, and are leaving the. city to avoid enrolment, One, who exults in owning a drug storo, was at first inclined to depart, but sagely concluded that doctors and pili venders would b> exempt trom service, and thoro was no reason for him to be frightened. Itis very doubtful if the system of drafting is employed, It is rumored to-night that Gen. McCulloch ig marching in the direction of Rolia, and has genta force towards Jeiterson City; and Tlearn that positive information to that effect has been received at headquarters. What will bo dono in the matter is nol. known, and we can. only await the action of the Major General. It is very dificult to get intelligence from the “headquarters Western Do- partment,” of which Gen. Fromont is the manager. The Vresident of the United States is accessible with half the trouble requisite to got inside tho office of the Western Commander-in-Chief, and an. American geutleman, in the costume of his native land, would fud it as easy to get within the walls of ber gig harem as gain admittance: to the sacred penetralia of the Major General of the Wess. I learn incidentally that orders were given to-day for the employment of twenty tugboats and for the purchase of one thousand wagons and their complement of muiea. ‘The contract for the mules was given to Messrs, Beard & Palmer, of San Francisco, the latter formerly of the well known banking firm of Palmer, Gook & Co.; and re- port hath it that no price is. stipulated, but the contrac- iors are allowed to purchase on any terms they can make. ‘this, if true—but Ido not youch for its truth—will cause quite adisbursoment of public money in our midst, and nuke a heavy run upon our mule market. Colonel 8, H. Boyd’s regiment, recruited in Springfield, ‘and now at Ro! is been ordered to this city to be All- cd up and reccived into service. 118 officers will bo Colo- nel $. I. Boyd, Lieutenant Colonel James K. Mille, and Major —— Weston. Colonel Boyd is a resident Springfield, and takes much interest in perfecting his command. ’ Lieut. Colonel Mills was formerly Major om Gon. Swoeney’s staff, and Maj. Weston isan old fighter, who served as Licutenant under General Lyon during tho Mexican war, The regiment now has about seven hun- dred men, and it is proposed to Hil it up with Iilinois and Indiana recruits. When well drilled and disciplined it itl be one of tho finest in the service. General Lyon's body reaches bere late last evening, in charge of his friends. It is not yet decided what services will take place in the city, though it is probable that the remains will be sent at once to Connecticut. The party was treated at Springfield with the utmost kindness by all the rebel officers. MARTIAL LAW IN ST. LOUIS. THE PROVOST MARSHAL CLOSES UP THE LIQUOR SALOONS. In consequence of disturbances among tho soldiery of St. Louis, and the fact that similar disorders were more or less to be anticipated from the throngs collected at drinking establishments, Provost Marshal McKinstry is- sued an order closing all the liquor saloons and gerdens throughout the city. The execution of this sweepiag wlict naturally excited great curiosity, and gave rise toa hundred startling rumors, each of which gained the more crodence when less likely (from their extravagance) to be probable, The following is the order:— ORDER NO. 86. Ovrice-PRovest MARSHAr,, Sr. Louis, Mo., August 26, 1861, The disturbance of the. public ‘peace to-day havin been traced by this department to the unauthorized an improper sale of liquors to soldiers by irresponsible and ill-disposed persons, it is hereby ordered that from and after this date, until farther orders, all saloons and bar- rooms, and other places kept for the retailing of spirituous and intoxicating liquors in the city and county of Bt. Lonis, except the saloons conpected with the principal ho- tels, and such others as may, after due investigation, re- ceive special permission to open, be and remain cloned; and the sale, exchange or giving away of any intoxicating liquors or beverages, at retail, except as heroinbefore ex- cepted, is hereby expressly forbidden. Any violation or evasion of this order will be visited by severe punish- ment, J. McKINSTRY, Major United States Army, Provost Marshal, United States Commissioncr’s Courte Before Commissioner Henry. DISCHARGE OF THE SPANIARD MACHADO, ‘The accused in this case again appearcd for examina. tk ~ but again the government was unprepared to pro- Way ny ceod with ty 22 tho absence of the witnesses expected from Boston. It appearea that these witnesses wore willing to be in attendance, but the Distrioy Attorney at Boston could not forward them on without a Judge's pre- cept, the difficulty of procuring which was tha cause of thelr absence, jraina. On tho previous exit tion day the Commissioner notified tho Districé Attorney here that if he (the District Attorney) was not prepared with his witnesses he woul discharge the prisoner on recognizance to appear for subsequent exaruination. The Commissioner would hav acted in accordance with his intimation of the previous day but that the prisoner was unconditionally discharged ona technical objection raised by his counsel. The ob- Jection raised was, that the Commissioner had no evi- dence before him that the aMdavit sworn to at Boston, and upon which & warrant was issued here for the prison- er’s arrest, was really signed by a Justice of the Peace of Massachusetts, as it purported to be. Reference was made to Conkling’s treatise on the subject, and there the objec- tion was sustained, by an extract from a ruling by Chiat Justice Marshall, The Commissioner thereupon discharg. ed the prisoner. Death of ‘Wm, Lyon Mackenz' Toronto, C. W., August 27, 1861, Wm. Lyon Mackenzie, ex-member of Parliament, died last night in this city. The deceased was the Upper Canada leader of the rebeliion of 1837, which resulted in is exile to the United States for twalve years, during which time he was connected with the New York Tribune. Being pardoned in 1840, he returned to Canada, and was elected to Parliament, which position he occupied for several years, He was universally respected, Arrivals and Departures. a ARRIVALS. ervemsoor—Steamahip Asia—Mrs Bradley and (wo ohii- dren, Mr and Mrs Bowman, f B Reynolds CaptW HHum ries, Mrs Osulto and sister, Mrs WH Lamotte, Me and Mra Bienadrf, three children nnd servant; Mrand Mrs Leming, four children and two nurses; Miss Leming and sister, Me Leming, Jr; F Lem: R Redmond, Mr Siegiield, James fady. Me Sohaedfer, Me Whittemore, KSiimmon, Mr cheney, Mr Lafragua, GA Morrison, Rev WD Morrice, Miss Obeu dort, Miss Salspecker, Mr’ and Mrs Hunt, fnfant and nurse; J H Hutchinson, B Coles, Jr; A "Rathbone, C TH Gaitiz, Me Bradford, Thos D Kingan, Mr and Mrs Te Robinson, two children and nurse; James Kingau, Capt Hubbard, Thos Smith, Capt JH Nicholas, US A; Join ster, D Gillespie, Mr Steln, Mr Setter, Mr and Mrs’ Cam den, three children and governess; C A. Buimeley John Pat. terson, WH H Borden, HM Platt, Mr Burgess, D Henley, e: id Mra Dui Mr Read, Alexander Murray, A Teatblere, Wen St Ty rind nee ey, Mrand Mrs B Stern and child, Mr Ron: re qi Tomaner, Mr Check, G W Johos, WH Johns, Edward Lumiey, Fred Napier, RB nt, JR ler, Rovers Beech, d W Dodd, J ‘Parkin, A P'Mange, N Necarsulmer, Don Lewis Castello, Fred Collier, Master Coliior, J Rosen> stein, Mr Lachlaveria. aud. it will be ne-,