The New York Herald Newspaper, August 7, 1861, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, * EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. TERMS cash in advance, eont, by mail will be at the Fi the sender, None ‘na aol Tle barvent in Nowe York eis THE DAILY HERALD, two conte; $7 por annum. THE WEEKLY HERALD, ceery ct nat ix conta per Taner eit Ree ney ee sir | per $A pr oom of or $6 12 (0 any part of the Continent, include postage; the California Edition on the Ist, 1th and 2lat of each month, at ox Te BAMIEY WuBhiLD, on Wednesday, at four conte per oF $2 per annum, Moron fant CORRESPONDENCE, dmportant esc, slit fom, tay quarter of tha teortds tool lta Wernlty paid jor. Ra” OUR FOREIGN CORRESRONDENTS ARB PanticuLaRiy ReQvKsTKD TO SAL ALL RS AND Pack. dors ser on NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence. We donot return rejected comme ADVERTISEMENTS: 5 ine cried in the Wemeiy Henan, FawtLy , and én the Californii and Paropean 3 te 4 PRINTING executed neatness, cheapness and de spat: AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, WINTER GARDEN, Brondway.—Hanpy Axpx—Youxa ormuss, LAURA KEENE'S THEATE ray as THEATRE, No, 6% Broadway. NEW BOWERY THEA’ Bowery.—Pimares OF Tu VANNAM—MOTUER GOU8E—NTATE SECKBTS, RAKNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadwny.—Day and Evening—Manwe—Hoots at Tm Swax—Beans, Sea ON and Oruge Cuntosrries. BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics* Hall, 472 Broad. way.—Ltmtoriax SonGs, Dincns, 40.—-Rivat Danatea, CONCERT HALL, No. 889 B: — Bundesauea eo. ROTA CANTERBURY MUSIC HAL, Sor Dances, Bontesguus, ao, us* 985 Broadway.—Soncs, GAIRTIES CONCERT ROOM, 616 Broadway.—Drawina M EXTKUTADNMENTS Balers, Pawtouimes, Panons, 40. MELODEON Eoncs, Dances, AMERICAN MUSIC HALL, 444 Broadway.—Soxas, Bat- Lars, Pantomimns, £0.—UNeLe Jeve, . 1a pg CRYSTAL PALACE CONVERT HALL, No. 45 Bowery.— Bon.esques, Songs, Dances, PANTOMIMItS—-BLACK BLUNDERS New York, Wednesday, August 7, 186L. OUR WAR MAPS. We have issued. another edition of the na Merous maps, plans and diagrams of the ope- rations of the Union and rebel troops in Vir- ginia, Missouri, Illinois, Florida, and on the Missis Sippi and Missouri rivers, and it is now réady for delivery. Agents desiring copies are requested to end in their orders immediately. Single copies six cents. Wholesale price the same as for the Waexty Herarp, THE SITUATION. We have nothing new to report concerning the movements of the Union armies at any point on the line of operations. A cautious and wise Policy appears to govern the action of General McClellan, and it is not likely that any attack upon the rebel position at Manassas will be re. newed until the army under his command is thoroughly organized and put upon ® proper war footing, a consummation which is being rapidly Gnd effectively arrived at. There has been considerable discussion among military men in Washington within the past few days as to the propriety of attacking Charleston by Bea, with a view to divert the forces of the rebels from their position in Virginia, where they have manifestly concentrated their largest army. It was thought that such a movement would be an excel- lent piece of strategy in the present condition of affairs, yet it is not very probable that it will be adopted. A gentleman who has just reached Washington from Vienna states that the rebels have about 10,000 men at that place and at Fall’s Church. An attack upon Alexandria from that direc- tion was talked of. He states further that the estimate of killed at Bull run, as made by the rebels, amounts to 2,700, exclusive of the wounded. They admit that the loss on their side doubled that of the Union army. He was in- formed that the rebels are mining the road be- tween Fall's Church and Fairfax Court House, and that the most important batteries in the direction of Manassas Junction had not been discovered by our troops in the action of the 2lst of July. The city of Baltimore has been selected as the Principal rendezvous of the army in the east, in consequence of the facilities of transportation from that point to Washingten, Harper's Ferry and Fortress Monroe, ‘The Navy Department has received official intelli- gence fromthe Gulf squadron fhat the United States steamer South Carolina had made considerable havoc among the vessels which forced the blockade in that locality. On the 4th of July it appears that she captured six schooners, and on the following day two more, at the same time running one ashore. On the 6th and 7th she captared one schooner on each day, making eleven in all, either destroyed or taken. Among other things taken from the prizes were thirteen mail bags full of let- ters, and thirty-one packages of express matter. THE NEWS. We publish some additional extracts from our European files, with a very important and interest- ing letter from one of our Paris correspondents. The Paris correspondent ef Le Nord, of Brus- Bele, says {t was supposed that M. de Mentholon, Consul General of France at New York, was re- ‘moved in order to appoint him Minister Represen- tative to the Southern confederacy. The corres- Pondent remarks that it is rather too soon to make @ppointments of that kind. An investigation into the stock of cotton at Liverpool shows that there are now on hand 1,053,710 bales, while last year at the same date (July 19) there were 1,287,520, or 293,000 bales More than now. During the sixteen weeks just ended the increase has been 111,380 bales, while during the same period of 1860 there was an in- crease of 381,480 bales, Our dates from Rio Janeiro are to June 24. ‘We find no news of importance. Business was rather dull, and exchange had still farther de- clined, being quoted at 25 to 25% at the latest date. The Brazilian cotton crop this year is less than formerly, and prices advanced about a cent and a half a poend. Dates from Buenos Ayres are to June 14 and Montevideo June 17. The news from that region is quite important. Preparations for war were making on every side. Colonel Saa has been de- clared well deserving of his country, and his con- suct fn Ban Juan endorsed by the national go- Yernment in @ formal decree signed by the Presiden} of the confederation, Derqui, and all the Ministers, thus adding fuel to the fire. ‘This has produced the most indignant feeling among the Buenos Ayreans and a protest from Governor Mitre. Five provinces—Cordova, Santiago, Salta, Tucu- man and Jujay—have already ranged themselves on the side of Buenos Ayres. San Juan will Undoubtedly throw herself into the same scale, faking seven against six. The President of Ura. NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 7, 1861. guay, not knowing how to mind his own business, and anxious to moddle in the quarrel, suddenly, on June 3, dismissed his Cabinet, who had opposed his views, and commenced his arrangements for the campaign, The next advices will most probably bring news of the commencement of a conflict, the theatre of which will bo the whole of the immense territory of La Plata. The forces of Jujuy, Tucu- man, Salta and Santiago, which are numerous and well appointed, are under the command of Gen. Rojo, a veteran of the Independence. The defiant attitude of Cordova has caused Saa to retire from her frontier, notwithstanding his threats. President Derqui had since gone to the city of Cordova to settle matters there if pos- sible, but his labor would be in vain. Urquira will be Commander-in-Chief on tho government side. Busineas at Buenos Ayres is naturally very much interfered with, and exchange on the United States and Europe at ruinous rates—something like a discount of 20 per cent. The brigs Naiad, Machias and Ben Dunning, seized by the privateer steamer Sumter near Cien- fuegos, arrived at this port yesterday. They were released by order of the Spanish government, and sailed, with others, under convoy, as fur as Cape Antonio, of the United States steamer Crusader. ‘There are to be elected in this State on the 5th of November next, besides county efficers, a Secre- tary of State, Comptroller, Attorney General, State Engineer, Treasurer, two Canal Commissioners, In- spector of State Prisons, Judge of the Court of Ap- peals, and members of the Senate and Assembly. The States of North Carolina and Tennessee held their annual elections on the 1st instant, and those of Alabama, Kentacky, Arkansas and Texas on the 5th. The candidates for Governor in Ten- neasee wore Wm. H. Polk and Isham G. Harris, the present incumbent—both secessionists. In Texas, Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Commis- sioner of the General Land Office, members of the Legislature and representatives to the rebel Con- gress were to have been chosen. In Arkansas the people voted on the question of secession, which was merely the enactment of another farce, as the politicians did the work effectually three months ago. The Convention of Texas which deposed Go- vernor Houston and elected a new executive officer was never authorized by any recognized power in the State. The elections for delegates to that Convention were called in some of the counties by civil justices, in others by ex-judges, and in many sections by sheriffs, deputy sheriffs and even con- stables, while in a great number of counties no elections were oalled or held; yet the acts of this Convention, according to secession doctrine, were strictly legal and all its proceedings were re- cognized. The Missouri Convention, which has declared vacant the seats of a runaway Go- vernor and other functionaries, and | elect- ed new State officers in their places, way duly authorized by act of the Legislature, and in every particular was called and held in strict con- formity to law. This latter body ia denounced by the secessionists, and all its proceedings are de- clared to be decidedly ‘‘unconstitutional.”” What & vust difference it makes whose bull gored the ox. Gen, Tochman, commander of the Louisiana bri- gade in the rebel army, has resigned his com mission. No cause is given. The Grand Jury were empannelied yesterday in the General Sessions, when Recorder Hoffinan de- livered a brief charge. His Honor made some pertinent remarks upon the indisposition mani- fested by the men of wealth and standing in the community to discharge the duties of Grand Jurors, without whose co-operation the administration of criminal justice in such a city as New York could not be prompt and effectual. The Recorder inti- mated that in future he would impose the utmost penalty of the law upon jurora who failed to promptly obey the summons of the Court. The Louisville Democrat says Kentucky must take either one side or the other. That is whatthe Henavp contended weeks ago she must eventually do. There can be no neutral position in this war; and as the people of the State have again emphati- cully declared for the Union, Esquire Magoffin might as well get off the fence and make prepara- tions for assuming hia share of the burdens and re- sponsibidities. The amount of salt inspected this year from Jan- uary 1 to August 3 on the Onondaga Salt Springs Reservation wes 2,403,583 bushels. The number of bushels inspected last year during the same time was 1,727,093—increase over last year 676,490 bushels. Four editors of prominent Southern journals were killed in the battle of Bull run. Five fires occurred in New Orleans, between the hours of six on the evening of the 29th ult. and five o'clook next morning. Many articles in the New Orleans market have a continued upward tendency. On the 30th ult. flour was selling at wholesale for $9 60;_corn, 66 cents a bushel; oate, G0 cents; pork, $24 60 per barrel; hams, 16 cents a pound, and coffee at 30 cents. The Newark Mercury appcared again yester- day in our list of Northern secession journals through an oversight. The Newark Journal was the paper designed for the position occupied in the column by the Afercury. Thero are nine hundred colored contrabands now in Fortress Monroe of the folowing classes and value:— Value, Able-bodied men $300,000 Old men. = Women. 87,500 Children. . 118,500 Total... ..6..000. er sewed 900 $506,000 The will of Mrs. Susan M. Parish was admitted to probate yesterday in the Surrogate’s Court. This lady waa the widow of Henry Parish, whose will is still in litigation. Mrs. Parish de- vises valnables and property to the amount of about $250,000. The Board of Excise seem determined to enforce the excise law. Yesterday Thomas Churchill, of 358 Water street, James Collins, of 45 Oak street, John Fay, of 266 East Fourteenth street, Peter Ferran, of 95 Roosevelt street, George Doyle, of 90 James street, Thomas Dumphy, of 376 Water street, and others, whose names we could not learn, were arrested and imprisoned for selling liquor without license. Since the last session of the Board sixty-four persons have applied for license. The cotton market was firm yesterday, with sales of adout 1,600 bales, closing at 16%{c. a 17c. for middling up- lands. Even lote were scarce, and small parceis reported at w fraction above 170. It is difficult, im the present state Of the market, to give exact quotations. Opinions also vury regarding the present stock in this market. Some estimates place it about 20,000 bales, while others go as Jow 88 16,000. The sales making are mostly on specula- ton, with small parcels purchased by spinners. Receipts of breadstui were light, which, with the pre- vailing ease in the rates of freights, impart- ed more activity and firmness to flour, which closed at 6¢. advance for common grades. Wheat, from the game causes, was firmer and active, Corn was active at unchanged prices. Pork was unchangod, and the de- mand moderate, with sales of mess at $15 75, and of Prime at $1J. Beef was firm. Sugars were active and firm, and for some grades closed ai an advance of 30. per pound, The mies embraced about 3,000 hhds. and 224 boxes ut rates given in anothor placo. Coffee waa firm. The chief rale consisted of 3,000 bags of Rio at 13c. — Hic. Freights were astive, especially to Liverpool and to Havre, ‘at rates given in another column. Gueay Taimpy ov tim Union Caose ty Kxy- Tvcxy.—From the news which we published yesterday from Kentucky the reader has seen that the Union cause has triumphed gloriously in that border State. In the elections the Union men carried the day, a8 they did in Western Virginia, Missouri and Maryland. Delaware is all right. The border States, therefore, wherever they had a chance to epeak freely, have declared for the Union, and so would Eastern Virginia if the rebel troops were re- moved. It is to be hoped that that time is not far distant, and that Eastern Virginia will follow in the wake of Western Virginia, and shake off the incubus of rebellion which is pressing her to the earth and crushing out her vitals. The Cry of “Peace, Peace, When There is no Poace’—Union or Disunion the Only Issue. Our Northern peacemakers of the Southern Confederate school, through their agents in Con- gress and through their newspaper organs, have recently become somewhat noisy and importu- nato with their petitions and resolutions in favor of some peace offering to the South in the form of amendments to the federal constitution, or in the call of a national convention, or through a special committee of peacemakers. All such peace propositions, however, are 80 Hi nifestly out of season and out of place at this crisis that no argument is needed to expose their fallacy. The only overtures of peace that would now be listened to by Jefferson Davis and his confederates would be overtures em- bracing the recognition of our revolted States as an independent nation. In his first message to the Confederate Con- gress, Provisional President Davis very earnest- ly protested his desire for peace, that the Confe- derate States were ready to make almost any sacrifice for the sake of peace, excopt (the only matter in issue) the sacrifice of their national independence. They had entered into this war for the purpose of establishing an independent Southern confederacy, and, peace or no peace, they would establish it. In a sub- sequent session of the same Congress, if we are not mistaken, s member thereof de- clared that if the government at Washington were to submit to the rebel authorities of the South a blank sheet of paper, upon which they might write their own terms for a restoration of our revolted States to the Union, the offer would be rejected. With such manifestations from Davis and his confederates months ago, before they had tried their strength in the field of bat tle, can it be supposed that now, since our late army disaster in Virginia, they would listen for & moment to any peace proposition falling short of the recognition of Southern independence? No. So inflated have Davis and his governing rebel associates become since their late unex- pected victory, that it may be doubted whether they would now accept even our recognition of a Southern confederacy, unless it embraced the State of Maryland, the District of Columbia and the city of Washington. Our readers will remember that in the United States Senate in December last, in a speech which, at the time, was considered very amusing, but which was delivered with a suggestive gravi- ty, Senator Iverson, of Georgia, predicting the fulfilment of the work of this Southern re- bellion which has since occurred, spoke of Washington as admirably adapted for all the purposes of the federal capital of the South. Nor can we feel assured of the abandonment of this idea by the rebel leaders, until they shall have been reduced to the extremity of evacu- ating the State of Virginia. Then, perhaps, they wil be prepared not only to entertain proposi- tions of peace, but to advance them. Meantimo, we huve seen only one Northern proposition for peace which comes within range of the ultimatum of this rebellion. This propo- sition was in the shapo of a memorial submitted in Congress a few days ago from citizens of Prattaville, New York, by the Hon. Benjamin Wood, flatly recommending a treaty of peace upon the basis of a Southern confederacy as preferable to civil war. And this is the precise issue involved in this war—Union or disunion. Belonging to the Union party of the country, adhering to the Union cause, and strong in the faith of its enduring vitality, we also believe that this Southern rebellion is the work of a Southern minority, and an oppressive Southern despotism, from which a majority of the sober, reflecting and substantial people of the South are still hopeful of an ultimate deliverance and restoration to the Union. We still believe, too, that with the first defeat, on a grand scale, of the rebels in the field, there will be a Union re- action in the South, and especially in the so- called border slave States, which will render the work of the pacification of the cotton States perfectly sure and comparatively easy. With a division of the Union peaceably, with- out bloodshed, and in a fraternal spirit on both sides, a Northern and a Southern confederacy might, perhaps, go on side by side, each pursu- ing its own pecuiiar destiny, for many years, without a warlike collision. Butan appeal to arms has left us no other alternative than the sword to determine this issue between the su- premacy of the federal government and the ipse dizit of a rebellious State, or of a conspiracy of rebellious States. Suppose we were to make peace upon the recommendation of this Pratte- ville petition—that the eleven States involved in this Southern rebellion are permitted to set up as a nation to themselves—how long would a peace, thus purchased, hold good, after the taste ef blood which both sides have had in this war? Tt would not last a year; it would be ruptured, perhaps, before the expiration of six months, in some border or seaboard disturbances, or by some examples of ruffianism on the one side, calling for redress by the government of the other side. Asa matter of seeurity against such international quarrels, the Northern confederacy and the Southern confederacy would instantly recognise the necessity for a protecting cordon of great fortresses, for a great regular standing army at all times, and for a powerful navy. From a republican government, North and South, thus organized and defended, it would be but an easy and natural step to a military despotism. Nor would it be very long before some sagacious and ambitious President, a la Louis Napoleon, seizing upon the army, would march forward to establish his empire on the ruins of our republican institutions, North and South. But we sheuld be more apt to have two, three or half a dozen military chieftains in the field at the same time, North, East, South and West, repeating among us the military changes and elections and constant wars of the deplorable republics of Mexico, Central and South America. Against all such drendfal and disastrous con- sequences our only hope, North and South, after all that has occurred, is the maintenance of dur Union in its integrity. Men may cry “Peace, peace, but there iszno peace,” nor can there be peace amongst us upon any other basis than the Union. Let us disarm this Southern rebellion, and we shall have a reliable and an enduring peace, for the supremacy and the power of the Union will be established. And we have no doubt of the power of the loyal States to bring back our revolted States to their allegiance, for we have no doubt that a majority of the people of the South, groaning under the spurious des- potism which now oppresses them, are anxiously awaiting the day of their deliverance. The Extraordinary Congress=The Reault Before the Country. The extra or war session of Congress met on the Fourth day of July last, the anniversary of our national independence, in pursuance of the pro- clamation of the President. That proclamation set forth that the National Legislature was con- vened for the purpose,of considering and deter- mining such measures as in their wisdom the public safety and interest might seem to de- mand. The eveuts which had been for some three months crowding upon the country, threat- ening its nationality and very existence, made the occasion of the meeting of an extra Congress be looked forward to with the most intense interest by all classes of the people, from the President down. It was true all minds felt, no matter how grievous the con- viction might be, that this was to be no peace Congress; that no measures of compromise or conciliation could be even thought of; for those who had formerly stood between the’ people of the Southern States and their friends in the free States had first sounded the slogan of war and then destroyed all means of mediation by withdrawing from the halls of Congress, Under these circumstances vigorous legislative mea- sures were lowsied tq. @ud it was with feelings of uhaageenr tee @deple awaited the action of thétf representaftves in either branch of the Capitol at Washington. The President's Message was the absorbing topic of spe- culation, and it was felt that a great deal depended upon its tone and the extent of the demand he would make upon Congress to suppress the rebellion rampant in twelve States of the Union. In all thoir anxiety the people of th» loyal States confided hopefully in their Chief Magis- trate and upon the men whom they had sent to represent them, and in their joint hands they felt that the cause of the Union was safe. The first act of the President and of Congress con- firmed this. In his Message, after combat- ting in characteristic, but in plain and simple language, the doctrine of seces- sion, showing how contrary it was to the spirit of the constitution and destructive to national prosperity and greatness, and im- pressing upon Congress the necessity of grap- pling it with a strong band, he proposed the raising of a volunteer force of four hundred thousand men, and the appropriation of a sum of four hundred millions of dollars, to put down the rebellion. This demand might have ap- peared equal to the emergency; but, in order to strengthen the hands of the government to the fullest extent, Congress passed a bill to em- power the raising of a force of a half million of men, and five hundred millions of dollars, thus considerably exceeding the requisition made. upon them. This was one of the first acts of the extra Congress, and one bill was reported for the double ob_ ject of raising men and money. Subsequently the bill was amended, and its operation con- fined merely to the raising of the volunteer force, othor bills being drawn and subsequently passed to provide the above amount of money. This act of Congress gave general satisfaction to the people, as did every act having for its object, whether directly or indireotly, the vigor- ous prosecution of the war. Many of the acts of the session are of a retro- spective character, necessary to legalize the acts of the Preaident in his first steps—and when it was impossible to receive the sanction o¢ Congress—to meet the exigencies pressing upon tho country. But the important bills submitted by either house, were the Tariff and Loan bills. In these wil be found a legislation new to the country. but which will, nevertheless, receive the con. currence of the whole community in view of the extraordinary necessity therefor. The act comes before us in a different form than when first re~ ported. The tax upon gold and silver watches and carriages, and the excise duty upon comestio liquors have been struck out There is a levy of twenty millions up on real property and incomes. Incomes exceeding eight hundred dollars pay an annual tax of three per cent on the excess. The in comes of non-residents are taxed five per cent. ‘The income tax will be more particularly felt by all who receive wages or salaries exceeding the limit fixed, as well as by those who derive incomes “from any source of business, trade or vocation, dividends of stocks, interest on money or debts, interest on legacies, annuities, or de- rived from any other source within or beyond the boundaries of the United States.” Of this di- rect tax of twenty millions New York pays $2,603,918. Bills have also been passed for the increase of the regular standing army, for the appropriation of $100,000 for field fortifica- tions for the defence of the capital, for the building of armored vessels of war, for the maintenance of the volunteer force, for paying to the Governors of States the cost of suppressing insurrection in their midst, and several others all more or lesg looking to the speedy suppression of the rebellion. Congress has not spent much timo in idle talk- ing. It has acted up to the apprehensions elicited by the greatness of the danger, and members can return to their constituencies with the pleasing reflection that they have done their duty to the country in this her hour of peril. In another column we give a list of the bills passed by either House, Tae Dreecr Tax Bus.—There has been a good deal of misconception as to the provisions of the Income and Direct Tax bill. This has been owing partly to the haste with which it was passed, and partly to the confused manner in which its details were given in the Congres- sional reports. After it was legislated upon by the House, it was sent to the Senate, where, on @ second "reading, the two houses got into a deadlock upon it, which was surmounted by its being referred to the joint Committee of Confe- rence on the Tariff. By a plan agreed upon in the committee all further 4ifficulties, both on the Tariff and the Direct Tax bill were obviated: We give the Tariff in a tabulated form in our impression of to-day, so that all may readily find the articles in which they are interested. The Direct Tax bill we have already published. It will be seen that in the measure, as amend- ed, the proposed tax on carriages and watches, and the excise duty on beer and spirits, are en- tirely dropped. The direct taxes, therefore, re- solve themselves into a tax of three per cent on all incomes in excess of $800, and of five per cent on the incomes of non-residents. This would have been more clearly understood but for the muddiness of the Congressional reports, which left it to be inferred that all the original provi- sions of the bill bad been retained. ‘The Coming Excitement at Long Branch— Anticipated Arrival of Mrs. President Lincoln, « Thus far the present season has been the dull- est and most dreary that our watering places have experienced in forty years. At Newport and Saratoga the hotels are almost deserted, and are not paying expenses; while at Lebanon, Sharon, Nahant and other places of lesser note, there is no stir or life whatever. Families which usually rusticate at one or the other of our watering places now board with or visit country friends and relatives, or stay here in the city and patronize excursions up the Hud- son or down the bay. Thus cut off from their usual customers by the necessary economy of the times, the “summer resorts of beauty and fashion” are in a very bad way, and the hotel keepers sulkily entertain the solitary guest, or idly abuse the more idle waiters. Well, most of the watering place landlords deserve their fate, and we have no sympathy to spare them and no hopes of better times to offer. At Long Branch, however, an event is anticipated which will set the hotels ablaze with excitement, and which promises to result in the concentration of all our float- ing fashionables at that popular resort. Mrs. President Lincoln has selected Long Branch for her Vichy or Isle of Wight this summer, and is expected to arrive there in the course of a few days. During her trip from Springfield to Washington the lady of the Pre- sident was accompanied by a select escort; and, of late, during her visits to the camps about Washington, her suite was composed of such distinguished military and official personages as Generals Sandford and Walbridge, and Mr- Commissioner Woods. Now, whether these gentlemen will attend her at Long Branch we are not informed; but certainly the suite of Mrs. Lincoln will be as numerous and brilliant as becomes her rank as the first lady in the land—the republican queen. In addition to this, all the foreigners at present vi- siting this country will of course go to Long Branch, and all of: our fash ionables, great and small, will fol- low suit and swell the cortege of the Presi- dent’s lady. There is no fear, therefore, that her seaside court will be eclipsed by that of any of the European queens in beauty, talent, fashion and attractiveness. Most assuredly the beauty and chivalry which may gather there will not be disappointed in Mrs. Lincoln, and will find her deserviag of all the honors and attentions they can bestow. The lady of the President is at onoe the highest and the best instance of the adaptability of the American character, and of the facility with which a true bora American woman can occupy and adorn any station to which she may be called. As a bright young girl, the daughter of one of the best and oldest Kentucky families, Mrs. Lincoln is still held in the most fond and loving remembrance by those who know her in her girlhood. As the wife of Honest Abe Lincoln, of Springfield, she was esteemed asa modest, unassuming, kind hearted, benevo- lent, housewifely, matronly little woman—re- spected by her neighbors, beloved by the poor, honored by all—a genuine helpmate to a rising lawyer, who had to achicve his fame and fortune by sheer force of talent and hard work. Presently, by a sudden turn in the tide of political fortune, Mrs. Lincoln was obliged to assume a new character upon a larger stage, and with the country and the world as an audience. She was no longer the wife of a Western lawyer. but of the President of a great nation. She was introduced to the people during her tour from Springfield to Washington, and her unassuming yet dignified manner, her infinite tact and her womanly virtues, attracted attention and won all hearts. At the capital she was thrown suddenly among a number of old-time fashionables, to whom her simplicity seemed rustic and her cordiality ill-bred, and who would gladly have patron- ized and controlled her. Without any apparent effort, however, the Presi- dent's lady quietly ignored her would-be mentors, and took the lead of society with as easy grace as if she had been born to the station of mistress of the White House. Soon after, she came to the metropolis, visited the most modish stores, and—like the Empress Eugenie, who was as suddenly elevated in rank—displayed such exquisite taste in the selection of the materials she desired, and of the fashion of their make, that all the fashionable ladies of New York were astir with wonder and surprise. Re- turning to Washington, the President's lady received and entertained the most polished diplomats and the most fastidious courtiers of Europe with an ease and elegance which made republican simplicity seem almost regal. Her state dinner to the Prince Napoleon, on Saturday last, was model of completeness, tasie and geniality; and, altogether, this Ken- tucky girl, this Western matron, this republican queen, puts to the blush and entirely eclipses the first ladies of Europe—the excellent Victo- ria, the pensive Eugenie and the brilliant ka- bella Thus having burst upon the fashionable world as suddenly and as brilliantly as the last comet did upon the celestial, Mrs. Lincoln is now about to leave Washington fora time to enjoy the purer air and more healthful breezes of Long Branch, and to achieve new triumphs ina brief summer eampaign. Let all of our best society prepare to follow in her train. Tre Crors—According te all accounts, this season’s crops will be the finest and most abun- dant ever known. The demand which has set in from Europe for our cereals, although not as great as last year, when there was a failure in the foreign crops, promises not to fall much short of it. Assuming it to be a third leas, it would still help the West to recuperate largely, and its influence would be most beneficially felt by the trade of our city. We believe that our exports of breadstuffs will this year go a great way towards compensating us for the loss of our Southern custemers by giving the West increased means to purchase. We must, therefore, balance the good against the bad, and thank Providence for not having superadded to the evils of war the embarrassments arising from a short barvest, InpucewEnts To Exuisr ror TH8 War.—By an act of Congress, recently passed, the soldiers’ pay is increased from eleven dollars to fifteen dollars per month, and the pay of non-commis- sioned officers is increased in proportion. To the late three months troops a bounty of thirty dollars per man is offered if they re-enlist for ,the war individually, forty dollars if they re- enlist by companies, and fifty dollars if they re- enlist by regiments. This liberality will no doubt be attended with good effect, and in these hard times the government will probably obtain | all the meg it wants, a tet, Buirise Orpioy or ows Vouuwreze Anuy.— We yesterday transferred fron” the London Times to our own columns an article referring to our army and the military and patrio tic spirit of our people in the most flattering ter.™& The citi- zens of the United States are told th st they may well be proud of their new army, ana’ that more than forty years of peace, broken only” by suck interruptions as the Mexican war and fi'e expe- dition to Utah, have not in the least degree blunted their military spirit, and that if répub- ltcan institutions are indeed on their trial, it-is not at this point that they will break downs “A people in arms,” says the journal in ques- tion, “can never be otherwise than formidable, and in this case they will be opposed to am enemy by no’ means their superiors in equip- ment or discipline. Such an effort must com- mand admiration; and, regarded as an experi- ment, is well calculated to inspire confidence im the elasticity of volunteer organizations.” The Times seems raised to a pitch of astonishment by the Senate’s more than responding to the President’s appeal by authorizing the employ- ment of five hundred thousand volunteers and appropriating five hundred millions of dollars for the war; and it candidly expresses its agree able surprise at the immense outpouring of vor lunteers to sustain the aotion of the government, and sees no reason to doubt that the federal army may be increased indefinitely. The article alluded to is written in a mere cordial spirit than any of its immediate prede- cessors on American affairs; but, doubtlees, the high opinion of our army here expressed will bo considerably modified under the infia- ence of the inteHigence of the retreat from Bull run. But this ought not to be the case. The finest armies in the world have occasionally yielded to panics aud suffered partial defeat The British army in India, at the outbreak ef the mutiny, and up to the arrival of Sir Colim Campbell, the new commander-in-chief, met with asuccession of reverses; yet the British conquered India, with its hundred and twenty millions of inhabitants. The English ought to look upem the Bull run defeat precisely as we look upon it—as a disaster, and nothing more. It is not an event which will in the least militate against the ultimate success of our arms, It was an unfor- tunate occurrence, an ill-planned advance, a costly reconnoissance; but bad as it was, it de- veloped: the pluck and stamina of our troops, and to the blundering and misunderstanding of the generals all our Joss is attributable. The disaster at Bull run will, therefore, only nerve us anew for fresh battles, with more victorious results, Tae Musrary Levies or THe Resers—We see that the rebel Secretary of State has made.a call upon the Confederate Congress for 600,000 ‘soldiers. When Mr. Lincoln made a requisition for 75,000 volunteers, it was followed by ons from Jeff. Davis for 150,000. The Confederates have become a little more modest, for the vote of 500,000 men by our Congress, instead of being doubled by them, as on the former occasion, is now only exceeded by one-sixth of the num- ber. As there are in the seceded States only a million of able-bodied whites between the ages of eighteen and forty-five, and as a large proportion of this number will be required. to protect the plantations, it requires no very great calculation to see that itis utterly out of their power to raise anything like the 600,000 soldiers called for. In Virginia, Pensa- cola, Missouri, Tennessee and Texas they have, probably, at this moment some 250,000 mem under arms, and this is as much as they will ever be able to raise. The call which they have just made’is merely for buncombe, like the speech of Jeff. Davis at Richmond, when he gravely assured his dupes that he had captured at Bull run provisions suflicient to supply 50,000 men for a year, when, in fact, the rebels were so straitened in that way that General Beau- regard was compelled to issue a proclamation & few days after, telling the people of Loudom county that if they did not supply his army with food he would be compelled to use force to obtain it. Tuere 1s Notaine Lixs Learser.—tThe resi- dents of Prattsville, Greene county, in this State, have, we perceive, presented a petition to Congress praying for a compromise betweem the North and South on the basis of that pro- posed by Mr. Crittenden, giving to the slave States slavery protection in the common Terri- tories, or an acknowledgment of their independ- ence, either of which, in the opinion of the peti- tioners, would be honorable to the federal government and preferable to a civil war, im which the success of the Union army is described as doubtful. It is very kind of the people of Prattsville to take so deep an interest in the welfare of the republic, and, were it perfectly disinterested, the act would be entitled to a cer- tain amount of commendation. But, unforta- nately, the motive in this instance is not disin- terested. Prattaville, be it known, is a place which owes its existence to leather. It derived its name from one Pratt, a tanner, whose pits were on the spot, and he has been followed by a host of other tanners, and all the wealth of the township has been derived from the manu- facturing of leather. Now, it is well known that the leather trade, like all others, has suffered severely in consequence of the war, and that, notwithstanding an unparalleled demand for that substance In the rebellious States; so much, indeed, are the rebels in want of it that they have been forced to make and repair saddlery with canvass, and such like. The advantage of opening the Southern market to the leather men of Prattsville is therefore obvious, and we cease to wonder why they are so earnest in petition- ing for peace. city Intelligence. Onsager or THs Lars Maror Crarx.—The funeral ot the late Aaron Clark, Mayor of New Yorkas far back as 1837, took place yesterday morning from No. 180 Degraw street, Brooklyn, where hundreds of the friends of de- ceased were gathered together to pay the last tribute of Pespect to the departed. The religious services were held at Trinity church, Broadway, earty in the morning, the church being crowded with a highly fashionable con grogation, The coffin containing the remaing were carried from the porch up the main ajsle to the altar, Rev. Dr. ‘Vinton reading the imposing services for the dead, im ao- cordance with the regulations of the Episcopal chureh, ‘The coffin was of rosewood, siver mounted, and contained: the following inscri 3 3 At the conclusion of the services Dr. Vinton delivered & brief and instructive discourse on the dead, giving a short aketch of Mayor Clark’s careor, and pointing out the sa- lusary lesson that however high the dignity of man, hia fgg gongs - be committed to the earth—ashes to. ashes, dust ust. ‘The coffin wan then placed in the hearse, and the funeral cortege proceeded to the cemetery in avenue, where the remains wero duly interred. ‘Tux Cuamann o7 Commrnce hold a special meeting to-day, @t one o'clock, when an address will be delivered by Jozeph A. Wright, late United States Minister to Prussia. Subject, “The roial and Political Relations between, the United States and Kurope.””