The New York Herald Newspaper, March 29, 1861, Page 4

4 _ NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, MARCH 29, 1861. NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. ee OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. edvance, sent by matt will be at the | sabeeathap aghast: F ry FEE Wee Ly "tals gear oe cnt per or $3 per anvum | cory See ares 2h Sug Genito Tah kets pater ‘inent, ths aie Ellkon on the Let TiN and. Blot of each month a obs gd rin "FAMILY HERALD, on Wednenday, at fowr cents per or $2 per annum. PM on benr CORRESPONDENGE, coneining sper Wictulppatd (or. "nar On Fousion Connnaroxosne aia Fanucvlantt Ragussrap To Sua at Larrane a0 PAai- TO NOTICE taken ef anonyme correnpondence. We do not return [ENTS renewed every , advertisements ta seed tne ‘Wang Benaup, Pasir , and in the Calvfornia Editions. JOB PRINTING executed with neatness, cheapness and de- WALLACK’S THEATRE, Brosdway.—Huxaterrs—Por FING Tae QuesTion. LAUMS KBENE’S THEATER, No. 624 Broadway —Suven Surens. 2 NEW BOWRBY THEATRE, Bowery.—Liserrr Bors or *76—Baovi—Mantso Loven, BARNUM’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway—Day and Guameiie Beans, Sea Lidge xe Oruxn OUal- ‘Orrin, MINETRI Mechanica’ Hall, 472 Broad- ee ey es MBLODRON CONCERT HALL, 699 Broadway.—Soncs, Dances, Burixsaues, £o. METBOPOLITAN OPERA HOUSE. Mo, 108, Grand xsqums, £6. SMITH & SIXUN'S HALL—Unwonra’s Minsrascs ut ‘Brmorun Boncs, Dances, £0. ela New York, Friday, March 29, 1861. ———————————— The News. ‘In the United States Senate yesterday Mr. Trum- ull offered a resolution ‘declaring that in the opinion of the Senate the true way to preserve the Union is to enforce the laws of the Union; that Yesistance to their enforcement, whether under the ame of anti-coercion or any other name, is dis- Bnion; and that it is the duty of the President to use ll the means in his power to hold and protect the public property of the United States, and enforce the laws thereof, as well in the States of South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana and Texas, as within the other States of the Union. Mr. Trumbull desired to have a vote on the resolution, and the democratic members expressed themselves in favor of an immediate ex- preseion of opinion on the subject. The republi- cans, however, would not come up to the mark, but preferred an executive session for the appor- tionment of the offices. A motion to that effect ‘was carried, and the Senate confirmed a large number of nominations. Subsequently, the Presi- Gent having no further communication to make, the Senate adjourned sine die. A list of nominations confirmed by the Senate yesterday may be found in another column. The only New York city appoinments confirmed are thoxe of Hiram Barney, for Collector, and Thomas McElrath, for Appraiser. The steamship City of Baltimore, Capt. Petrie, from Liverpool on the 13th, via Queenstown the ‘14th inst., arrived at this port yesterday morning, bringing four days later European intelligence, the usual freight and passenger list, and upwards of $400,000 in specie—making a grand total of specie received from Europe since December of $22,400,000. The advices are important. The English papers continue to denounce the Morrill tariff, avd deolare that if the law goes into operation the blunders of the statesman will be rectified by the hardihood of the smuggler. We reproduce this morning an important article upoa this subject from the London Times of the 12th inst. We also publish an article from the Lendon News, the organ of Lord John Russell, upon the policy of the British government relative to the recognition of the Southern confederacy. A telegraphic despatch from Turin, dated the 13th, states that on that day the citadel of Messina surrendered to the Sardinians. In the Italian Chamber of Deputies, Zanolini, President by seniority, made a speech in which he expressed the hope that Rome was about to be made the capital of Italy, and that the deliverance of Venice was approuching. He also eulogized Garibaldi. Ratazza, the chosen President of the Chamber, in his speech on taking the chair, applauded the speeches of Prince Napoleon and M. Von Vincke, praised Garibaldi, and expressed confidence in the Bolution of the questions of Rome and Venice. The advices ffom Paris speak with increased confidence respecting the payment of the drafts drawn upon M. Mires by the Turkish government. It is doubted, however, whether full arrangements have yet been made so as to insure this desirable Object, though it is fully anticipated every exer- tion will be used by the capitalists interested to prevent any lapse. The Paris papers publish telegraphic announce- ments from Beyrout, which state that the Chris- tians of Damascus are again undergoing insults and provocations from the Mussulmans. Consular reports, it is said, coufirm the fears that the Chris- tians are in serious danger. A Plymouth (Eng.) paper states that it has received reliable information to the effect that the murder st Road House, committed in May of Jast year, hes been confessed by Miss Constanse Kent, the sister of the murdered child. The report re- quires confirmation. By dates from Nagasaki to the 20th December, it appears that a steady business is doing both in imports and exports. Cotton and woollen goods re in demand, and ma.ofactured goods have found a quick market. Over one thousand tons of oal had been burned which the Japanese had con- tracted to deliver to the British government, Priced on American goods have advanced, and Grills and sheetings are much wanted. Of teas and Coffee there has been a moderate supply. Ex- ehange was quoted—Itzebues, 235 per Mexican $100; copper cash, 1,800 per $1. In freights there has been a cuntinued scarcity of vessels, and high rates would have been paid to Shanghae and Hong Kong. The British schooner Spray got $6 per ton of 40 feet and 60 cents per picul to Hong Kong. We have files of Buenos Ayres papers to the Ist of February. The Commercial Times of January 31 says political complications have tended to keep up the markets, and that sales of hides have been unusually mall. The state of the country was ominous in the extreme. The violence of the Press portended a speedy rupture between the federals and liberals. Mendoza had marched upon Ban Juan with 1,700 men, and killed many of the provincials in an engagement. The liberals mani- fiested much indignation in consequence of this ‘Sct, which took place after they had sent a depu- tation to Mendoza proposing terms of peace, but whichwas amused by him, and afterwards dis- prissed without further ceremony. Our State Legislature transacted o considerable @mount of business yesterday. In the Senate a Dumber of bills were reported from the comumit- fees. The bill relative to the proceedings of the Central Park Commissioners, in reference to fn enlargement of the Park, after beving beon @avenced to a third reading, was cent Wank to the Committee of the Whole, which is considered as equivalent to its quictus for the remainder of this session. Several bills were passed, the most of which, though, were not of general interest. In the Assembly, also, a number of bills were passed; among them the one to submit to the vote of the people of the State the question of calling &@ convention to revise the constitution. The Commissioners of Charities and Correction held their fortnightly meeting yesterday, but no subject of an unusual nature came up before them. The report of the Committee of the Whole atated that the institutions are in good condition and the inmates healthy. The latter number at present 8,823—a decrease of 59 for the past week. The number admitted during the week was 1,834, and the number who died, were discharged or trans- ferred was 1,893. This being Good Friday, the law courts will not hold their sessions. ‘The cot:on market yesterday was excited and sales as- tive, while prices advanced about <0. per pound. The transactions embraced about 8,000 bales, closing on the basis of 12%0. for middling uplands. Included im the sales wore 1,600 bales of New Orleans tn transit, The ad- ‘vices from the South speak of diminished receipts, and reduced stock in the ports, while the supplies in the in- terior are said to be very light. Owing to favorable Eu- ropean advices, the fleur market was quite active, with sales for export. The market closed at an advance of 60, 10c. per barrel. Wheat was in active demand, with Dbeavy sales. Tho market closed at an advance of Ic. a ‘%. per bushele Corn was also firmer, and in good demand for export and for home use. Pork was in moderate request, with sales of mess at $16 75, and of prime at $12 26 a $12 50. Sugars were steady end in good demand, with sales of 1,267 hhds., 225 boxes and 1,188 bags, at rates given inanother column. Coffee was rather more active, and 2,700 bags Rio were sold by auction at 11 3¢c. a 13%{c., average 127%c.; 200 mats Java sold at 170., and 1,200 Rio, to the trade, at 1230. a 123X%c. Freights were steady. The chief engagements to Liverpool and London consisted of flour at 8s. for the former port, and at 88. 6d. a 38. 7d. to the latter. @The War Policy of the Northern and Southern Governments -—— Impending Ruin to the Country. The latest intelligence from Washington and Montgomery, is gloomy and dispiriting. The secession government of the Gulf States, and the magnates of abolitioniam in the Nerth, seem equally bent on civil war, as the only means of maintaining their supremacy. Both live in fear of an irresistible uprising of the people, which shall sweep away every vestige of old parties and platforms, and prove the inextinguishable attachment of an overwhelm- ing majority, in all of the thirty-four States, for the federal Union. The demagogues who wield authority in the Confederate States, and at the national capital, seek, therefore, to widen the breach, and effect a bloody collision, so that reconciliation between the two sections may betome impossible. Advices were contained, yesterday, in one of the most confidential city organs of the Lincoln administration, that, in accordance with orders sent by a. special mes- senger, Font Pickens bad, probably, ere this, been reinforced with four hundred United States troops. A collision with the forces of General Bragg was anticipated, and the South is warned that it must “take the consequences” of any attempt at resistance. According to our despatches from Charleston, President Jef- ferson Davis had made requisitions upon the various States for several thousand troops; fortifications on the coast were being vigorously pushed forward; and hostilities were confident- ly expected. General Houston has, also, been authorized, from Washington, to concentrate the fifteen hundred or two thousand soldiers seattered through Texas, in order, as a republican contemporary boasts, “to ad minister a useful lesson to the traitors,’’ end “make a stand against the con- spirators.” Add to these facts, the recall of our naval forces from the Mediterranean, the Pacific, and the Gulf of Mexico; the dogged re- fusal of the Lincoln government to give a sin- gle authoritative peaceful utterance; and a thonsand other causes of distrust; and it is clear that, if the couatry has not already been plunged into the horrors of an internecine strife, it has not been owing to want of a vi- cious and depraved policy, on the part of the respective Northern and Southern republics, but to lack of power and depleted treasuries, The extremists of both the North and the South have so far gained their objects, that both factions are in the possession of authority; but, to retain it, the will of five-sixths of the people, in both sections, must be resisted. A critical observation of public feeling in all of the States—those that have withdrawn from, as well as those that remain in the Union—must convince every candid mind, that three-fourths of the people are in favor of a reconstruction of the confederacy, upon a liberal basis. The vast majority of citizens throughout the land, are law abiding and peace loving. They view with dismay the approaches of a political hur- ricane, which, if abolitionist and secession counsels are much longer perntitted to rage, must shake the tabric of the liberties, purchased at such a cost by their forefathers, to its foun- dations. The moneyed, hard working elements, that constitute the worth, intelligence, integri- ty, and patriotism, of both the slaveholding aad uon-slaveholding States, cherish the Union, and cesire such amendments to the constitution, as may secure a restoration of its pristine great- ness. The planters of the South, including those in the cotton districts of Georgia, Fiori- da, Missis«ippi, Louisiana aod Alabama, who are interesteo in fostering African slavery, as well as the Union strength of the border Staves; the manufacturers, merchants, financiers, farm- ers, mecbanics, and honest laborers of the Nort, are, as classes, filled with discontent at the perils which partisan ultraists have con- jured over the land, and are anxiously seeking an opportunity to remedy the evil, They are the bees in the national hive. Those who are occupied in the treasonable work of ovwriuru- ing it, and wasting the fruits of the toilsome lvbors of nearly a century, are drones, who bave preyed upom it from the beyianing, aud bave never contributed any share to the gene ral good. The strife of these latter is directed oweros exhausting the wealth of the land by loan’ wivh the sole object of perpetuating dix gord, and destroying what remains of confi- dence, prosperity and credit. The fifteen mil- hon to be raised by the Montgomery govern- ment, a6 well as the twenty-five millions asked or by Secretary of the Treasury Chase, are only demanded for warlike preparations, and hundreds of millions more will be required, if the ruthless purposes of the leaders of the two sections, are carried out. Universal bankruptoy, and a wanton, causeless national ruin such as has never before been witnessed in any period of the world, would be the result of the triumph ot the policy which has been inaugurated. The Virginia Convention has not yet passed the resobation, calling for a border slavehold- ing States Convention; but it will undoubtedly be summoned to meet in Kentucky, early id the month of May. The future destinies of the country, will, probably, depend, in a great measure, upon the course which will be | The Revolutionary Crisis-The Loans of body, and upon the the Twe Gevermmonts. manner in which the minimum of com-| The two governments—one at Washington promise, or of amendments to the oon- stitution, which it may propose, shall be received north of the Potomas, and in the ex- treme South. The Union feeling in the border States is tempered by the firm resolve to yield nothing whatever to Northern aggression, while it shrinks from entertaining propositions of an unnecessarily irritating character from the Confederate States. It wili be, therefore, a safe nucleus, around which all can rally who desire a reconstruction of the confederacy, uporm a firm and eolid basis. The conserva- tive masses of the North, and the paralyzed Union majority in the seceding Slates, can look forward to its action with equal respect. Old party lines have become obliterated by the alarming crisis towarda which the country has beem hurrying, and, in future elections, past issues ehould be forgotten, and the para- mount question in the mind of every good citi- zen should be, whether the Union shall utterly perish, or whether its disintegrated parts shall be reunited. Connecticut and Rhode Island will elect members of Congress, in the course of next month. That am immense reaction against abolitionist treason, will be found to have taken place in both of those States, there ia no doubt, and if proper means shall have been taken to enlighten the popular mind, pa- triotic feeling will prevail, and proper candi- dates will be elected. No opportunity should be lost of convincing the people of the border States that they do not stand alone in their strife against faction; but that the bone and sinew of North will uphold and sustain them. Thifis true of the central .States, and even in New England, self-interest is driving the people from their stronghold of fanaticism and selfishness. The external prospect before the nation, is dreary ant cheerless in the extreme. Corrupt leaders are using their power to hurry the country into civil war, and to overthrow its prosperity; but, out of the action of the Union majority in the border and central States, and the sober second thought of the extreme South, there is still a glimmer of hope that salvation may grow up for the republic, and its broken strength be once more reunited. Tue Eyouisn Pruss on Our Revoivrion.— The English press is beginning to understand the condition of this country. The revolution through which we are passing is something en- tirely new to them—something that they have not been called upon to treat of at any pre- vious period. It is not a military revolution, such as introduces those violent changes in European governments with which the world ja 90 familiar, for there has beeh no fighting yet; but the revolution, nevertheless, is as ra- dical in its operations, and as complete in its results, as if it was heralded with mob violence and consecrated with blood; and the English press evidently realizes this fact, from ihe arti- cle which we publish in another colamn from the London Times. That the recognition of the Southern confederacy is a foregone conclu- sion with the British government, we take to be a fact from the tone which the press has as- sumed of late. Even the Daily News, the echo of Exeter Hall and the anti-slavery sentiment of the country, admits, as will be seen by some extracts which we give from that journal, that there can be no doubt about the independence of the Southern States being recognized by all the European Powers, “and by England with the utmost certainty and distinctness;” because it is the well known practice of the British go- vernment to recognise all de facto governments, irrespective of opinions, origin, or any circum- stance but the fact of being the actually estab- lished ruling power. While contending that the Southern confederacy has not yet reached that position, the News grants that its recogni- tion will be unequivocally admitted as soon as it has assumed it. That the Times comprehends the state of things here is manifest from its remarks, parti- cularly on the tariff question. It says that the twenty millions of exports which were sent from England to the United States last year are virtually excluded, at least so far as the Northern States are concerned, but that, although the madness of the go- vernment at Washington, by adopting the Morrill tariff—which it justly designates “a blow more fatal to the commerce, finances and general prosperity of the country than any ab- traction of territory, or diminution of popula- tion”—may cripple the commerce and ruia the shipping of the Atlantic seaboard, yet it cannot prevent English manufactures from permeating the United States from one end to the other, entering, of course, by the Southern ports, “The smuggler,” it significantly adds, “ will take the place of the statesman.” It then pro- ceeds to show what the probable course of the Northwest will be. It may desire a direct trade with England, through Canada, by its lakes, rivers and railroads, and it hints thatin time eparation may suggest itself to the people of that region, and an ultimate amalgamation of the British colonies and the great Northwest be the result. These are almost precisely the views we have repeatedly expressed in these columns; and it is evident that our critical con- dition, as observed from a foreign standpoint, ix beginning to strike the British journalists as forcibly as it does those at home who view the question calmly. Tue Metrorouitan Rerumucan Jocrxats (ynernatep.—During the las) seven or eight years the republican journalists of New York heve been hard.at work organizing, encourag- ing and instructing the masses of their party: We say their party, because, right or wrong, without New York jeurnalism there would have been no republican party last November. Com- ured to the past services rendered by the New York press, those of Seward, Chase, or any viher member of the Cabinet, count as nothing. Yet we find that Honest Old Abe ignores this great power, and gives away the best places to vogabond stump orators, without character, in- fluence, or indeed anything except impudence and volubility. In pursuing this course, how- ever, the present administration is ouly follow- ing in the footsteps of its illustrious predeces- sors. Politicians rise to power on the shoul- ders of editors, and then set them out in the cold. Tux Derenxces at Cnarceston.—We publish to-day a highly interesting description of the defences at Charleston, by our epecial reporter Geapatohed where for wat purpore, who made #8 minute and accurate examination of the forty ‘Ther are represented to be in a very efficient condition, as will appear by ihe account re forred to. and the other at Montgomery—are calling for loans. The Southern confederacy requires fif- teen millions, five of the amount down. The Northern confederacy wants seventeen mil- Hons, the balance of a twenty-five million loan, of whioh eight have already been obtained, and eight more are demanded on Tuesday next. Mr. bonds, some so low as $50, in order to get the people of the Southern States to take the loan, after the example of Louis Napoleon; but the plan will not answer for this country. Mr. Chase, the Secretary of the Treasury of the Washing- ton government, has issued bonds for large amounts, and expects to get the money from capitalista. The States in the Southern con- federacy owe eighteen millions of dollars. The confederacy itself owes nothing. The States in the Northern federation owe $174,000,000, besides the debt of the federal government, making in all about $260,000,000. These are points for the consideration of capitalista, The Southern confederacy must get its loan, if it gets it at all, at New Orleans, the mone- tary and commercial centre of the South. The banks of that city have some eighteen millions of ie on hand, and the banks at Mobile, Sa- vannah and Charleston have smaller sums. At New York, the financial and commeroial centre of the Nortb, there is an accumulation of gold to the amount of some forty millions, and in the banks of the other Northern sea- board cities some ten or fifteen millions more. There is thus plenty of specie to negotiate the loans of the two governments; and there would be no difficulty in the way of their getting the money if their objects were legitimate and ‘just, and if there was a fair prospect of repay- ment. But we are in the midst of a revolution. As yet we know not what we shall be—whether a conglomeration of anarchical States, each acting and fighting on its own account, like the Mexican republics; or a military consoli- dated despotism, ruled by the terror of the sword; or a republic of united States, pos- sessing rational, well regulated democratic liberty, equally free from the fanatical Jacque- rie and tyranny of the mob, and from the cruel absolutism of a one-man power. The question is, whether those who have money to lend are justified in giving it to either of the two gov- ernments. Both are revolutionary—the one by Jeagueing itself with the abolitionism of the North, which pronounces the constitution “a covenant with death and an agreement with bell,” and rewards the prominent men who have promulgated such prinsiples with places of honor, trust and emolument; the other by seceding from the Union from the fear of fu- ture injustice, and without the justification of overt acts, as also by seizing the “ts, arse- nals, ships and other property of the federal government. Both desire to “play at soldiers,” and are trifling with the destinies of a great nation. Both are preparing for civil war. One of them, while announcing through its organs that it was about to abandon Fort Sumter, treacherously sends round ships-of-war to rein- force Fort Pickens and to provoke a bloody collision in the Bay of Pensacola; the other, we learn, has pushed forward large reinforcements to the same point, and at any moment we may hear of a battle which is to inaugurate a civil war, whose disastrous ¢ffects cannot be calou- lated, whose end no man can predict. Yet four-fifths of the American people are in favor of peace and reunion, and abhor the very idea of an internecine strife, in which Ame- rican brothers will shed each other’s blood ; and capitalists who lend money to these go- vernments for the purpose of enabling them to carry on such an unnatural conflict will be participators in their guflt and responsible to the country. Unless, therefore, the revolution- ary government at Montgomery and the revo- lutionary government at Washington at once recall their troops, abandon all hostile move- ments, and agree to a reconciliation on the ba- sis of the confederation which George Washing- ton and his compeers founded—a government whose Magna Charta, the constitution, is de- scribed in the words of the Father of his Coun- try as “the result of a spirit of amity and of that mutual deference and concession which the peculiarity of our political situation rendered indispensable”’—unless they announce their in- tention immediately to come back to the prin- ciples and practice of this bond of Union, they ought not to get a dollar to help them in their atrocious designs, Instead of furnishing thom with the means of waging civil war, it would be far better to throw the two governments, one into the Potomac and the other into the Alabama. CaLtrornta Ty 4 New Aspect.—Recent intel- ligence from California states that within the past six weeks the American clipper ships Web- foot, R. Busteed, Eagle Wing, Jacob Bell and the famous ship Great Republic were loading wheat and flour at San Francisco for England; and the clippers Dashing Wave, Ocean Tele- graph and Skylark were receiving similar car- goes for New York, It is but a few years since California derived her supply of breadstuffs from this section of the country; but all at once, as if by magic, we leara that she is able, not only to supply her home demand with ce- teal products, but her thrifty, merchants and farmers are doing @ brisk trade with Europe nd the Eastern States. California enjoys su- _orior sovantages as a grain growing country, having a soil of great fertility, with rich table lands well irrigated from the mountainous re- gions, Another source of wealth, which has al- ready assumed magnificent proportions, is the grape culture. Last year the revenue from the wine produced from this luscious fruit in California was emumerated by hundreds of thousands of dollars; since that time new vine- yards have been laid out, and the yield for the present year promires to be immense. What with the rich mineral and agricultural wealth of our El Dorado, and the superior advantages and central position in the Pacitic of her chief city—San Francisco—with the untold Oriental wealth of China and Japan, she is destined to oceupy ® proud position among the commer- cial places of the world. Warne Wns. Oro Ane Got—The revolu- tionists of the South declare that in lees than six months they will drive the President and the members of his administration from Wash. ington. Hearing this, many persons ask whore will Old Abo go! The President noed give himeelf ng concern about the matter. We will provide him at Fort Washington—a pleasaut locality, free from malarious and olher un- wholesome inflaences— with residenoes for him self pnd the heads of the departments Hoyxer Ass Lincoww ow Szarca or Licut.— The administration of Honest Abe Lincoln is truly im a bad way. Its hitherto enthusiastic Wall street organ, the Courier and Enquirer, in @ confession as painful as the lamentations of Jeremiab, admits that Honest Old Abe does nothing to meet the exigencies of the crisis, be- cause he knows not what to do; and so our co- temporary calls upon the New York Hxratp and the Journal of Commerce to come to the rescue. When it is remembered that our illus- trious Wall street Chevalier has peremptorily declined the mission to Turkey, as utterly be- peath his public services, his merits and his dignity as one of the shining lights of the party now in power, this condescension in appealing to us for light, for wisdom and advice will be appreciated. Protesting in the outset, how- ever, against any association with that corrupt and unscrupulous pioneer abolition organ, the Journal of Commerce, the establishment of which was the beginning of all the troubles which now sfflict the country, we are moved by com- passion to come promptly forward to the relief of Honest Old Abe in his distress, Our Wall street Chevalier thinks that the “sick man” at Washington may be cured, and that all will turn out well, if, when Congress sball have assembled, it will— First. Repeal the Morrill Tariff bill, and wait for a more auspicious time to revise the tariff of 1867. Secondly. Give the President authority, by proclama- tion, to close any port of entry whenever any obstrue- tion is offered to the collection of the revenue, And ‘Thirdly. Invest the Executive with discretionary power to call out any umber of militia aud volunteers that he may find necessary to enforce the laws and com- pel obedience to the constitution. This is the treatment of the case proposed by our valiant but distressed cotemporary. But in advance of these recommendations, we ere asked to “ look the matter full in the face,” and to state frankly and fully what we could and would do were we in Mr. Lincoln’s po- sition. So be it, then. If we were in Mr. Lincoln’s position, “looking the matter full in the face,” we would issue a call for an extra session of Congress, allowing a reasonable margin “for special elections to the House of Representatives in all those Southern States which have not yet elected their members to that body for the next Congressional term. Next, with, the assembling of the two houses, throwing the Chicago plat- form into the fire, we would send them a meseage on the state of the country, earnestly recommending the adop- tion, by a two-thirds vote in each house, of the Crittenden proposiffons ‘of pacifica tion and reunion. Next, in order to bring the voice of the people to bear upon the State Legislatures of the several States of the Union as it is, we would recommend Mr. Bigler’s plan of an immediate submission of the consti- tutional amendments indicated to the popular vote. We would, in the next place, urgently ap- peal to the two houses for the immediate repeal of the Morrill tariff act, and then for such dis- cretionary powers to the President as the two houses, with a due regard to the interests of peace and reunion, might think it expedient to grant, in behalf of the enforcement of the laws. The line of policy thus chalked out, we think, would secure the border slave States, and open the way for the quiet restoration of the seceded States to the Union. Our advice having been solicited in behalf of Mr. Lincoln, we have thus freely given it. Our Wall street cotemporary is not the head ofa national bank, or we might bring in a small bill of say $52,675 37 1-2 tor professional services in this business; but in lieu thereof, as matters stand, we submit to Honest Abe Lincoln as an incidental peace measure, and as @ last resort, the appointment of our venerable patriot of the Courier as Sur- veyor of the port of New York. What is the administration or the Unidh to him without the oysters and champagne? Toe New Evxotanp Bixcrioys—Exrecrep Revouvtion at TH8 Bator Box.—The Con- necticut election takes place on Monday next, and the election in Rhode Island on Wednes- cay. It is confidently stated that a great change has come over the spirit of the people’s dream in those two States. The sober second thought has produced a reaction against revo- Jationary republicanism; the loss of trade, the want of employment, the continually increasing poverty and distress, are, it is believed, doing their work. To what extent a change has been wrought remains to be seen. We hope it will vurn out that the people of Connecticut and Rhode Island have inaugurated a revolution which will be revealed at the ballot box on the lst and 3d of April. Let them begin a peace- ful revolution at the North, and the Union men will achieve a peaceful revolution in the Southern States—not a bloody revolution, such as the republican journals are stirring up in the case of Texas. The interests of Connecti- cut and Rhode Island lie with the Southern States; they are the best Consumers of their manufactures, and their shipping trade with Southern ports is not-to be despised. The new tariff at the South will admit foreign goods to the total exclusion of New England manufactures. The Northwest will be sup- plied with these goods duty free, and even the Middle States—Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York. Ruin to New England mana- fectures is the inevitable result, unless a revo- lution takes place at the polls which will lay the foundation on which the Union men in the South can work for a similar revolution at the South, and a reconstruction of the Union on a basis of compromise and concession. Tne Surrexper or Mrsstva.—The citadel of Meseina surrendered to the Sardinian troops on the 13th of March, and the Paris Moniteur secribes the event to the good offices of the French government. But it is rumored that Francis Dl. had ordered the general in com- mand to surrender; and further, that the latter was compelled to do so by his own garrison. Which of these statements is correct it is im- material to inquire. It is enough to know that the last stronghold of the Néapolitan army has been given up to the troops of Victor Emanuel, and that a prolonged resistance would only have resulted in a useless effusion of blood. It is therefore well for the cause of humanity, a+ well as that of Italian unity, that the last hopes of the Bourbon reactionists should be swapt away by the decisive triumph of Sardinian arms, The effect of this surreader will be to releaee the garrison of Gaeta, after which, it ix said, the Sardinian Minister of War will order the fortifications to be razed to the ground. Can, Souveny Gowe To Svain Arran Aut.— Tt will be seen by our Washington doapatehes that Caesius M. Clay has been withdrawn by the Preeident from the mission to Spain, which be had acoepled, and Cari Schurz bon been ay pointed in bis place—Mr, Clay menitime re ceiving the Russian mission. friends have been battling hotly for this and it seems that Mr. Lincoln has badgered into surrendering it; but apt appointment could hardly be Schurz is an ultra red republican and tionist of the European school, and he certain to get up a revolution in 5; in which country there are at the present mo- ment discordant elements enough*®to work upon. The Spanish Pretender ie residing in zB EF bef eH i Fé ag in some shape. If he cannot got up a deme- cratic revolution, he will be up to his cyes in the Carlist imbroglio before he is six montha in Madrid. —_—_—_—_—— INTERESTING FROM CHARLESTON. Gov. Pickens’ View of the Se- cession Movement, The Relations of European Pewers with the Confederate States, The Military Defences ef Charleston Harbor. Description of the Batteries and the Artillery, Cavalry and Infantry Begiments. COL. LAMON’S VISIT TO FORT SUMTER, » her Re, te SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD. Cuarixstow, 8. C., Maroh 21, 1868. Visit to the Ci'y—The Passage— First Indivatims that We are om Foreign Soil—The Custom House Officers Aspect—Rumors Unfownded—Diss..ution Perfect—Inter- view with Governor Pickens—Imyrewtims about Hie Bo- cellency— Readiness and streng’h of the South to Maintain Her Independence—1Aee About Hb Rute— Partition of | Mezco between the Confederate States and. Spain—Sube to be Secured to Spain—Probabl- Interference of France, The good steamer James Adger, Captain Phillips, left New York on Monday, the 11th instant, after boing obliged to lie over from Saturday, her regular day, ia consequence of the severe southeast gale then prevailing. She had on board about twenty passengers, and a good freight list, as the well written manifest of the purser demonstrated, for it was some thirty feet in length. The freight consisted principally of provisions, an article that now is in course of transhipment to a great extent to the South by Spofford, Tileston & Co.’s line of steamers. ‘These veesels carry a large quantity each trip, and the provision trade may be regarded as brisk, no matter / what it is in other articles. Our passage was an exceedingly pleasant ene, rendered especially so by the courtesy of the officers of the ship, the presence of refined and intelligent ladies , and the agreeable companionship of a number of good fellows. Among the passengers was Captatm Mac- donald, pilot, under whose direction the vessels were sunk in Charleston harbor, at the breaking out of trouble. \ | He is a very quiet, unobtrusive, but evidently a deter- mined man. He appears to enjoy the confidence of the government in a high degree. ‘Thero.was aleo among the parsengers Colonel Eugene Le Gal, of New York, commaaier of the glorious Fifty- 4 fifth regiment. He goes South to look after tariff reguia- tions and to judge for himself of the military characte: of he people, and perhaps with a view to extend to thom be ald of his military experieuce if desiret. Lieutenaat 5. B. de Barry, of Alabama, late of the United Staies Oeaat urvey, was also a passenger, returning to his native tate, Alabama, to oxtend tw her hie services. We aise ad as passenger Mr. Field, of New York, who goes South © introduce a splendid specimen of a dendly weajon, ia the shape of » breach-iouding revolving rifle. ‘OFF YORT—SULP ASHORE. ‘The Adger arrived off (harivston Mar early onthe mora. / ing of the 14th, and was obliged to lay off and on for sone twenty hours on account of having missed the tide Early on the morning of the 16th we were making in with @ stiff breeze, end espied a large ship ashore on the beach. She seemed to be hard up, with the chances of getting off extremely doubtful. ship proved to be the Susan G. Owers. She was subsequently gotten off after discharging a pt of her cargo, and was towed up to the city, with tha g Of the Confederate states fying at the main. The repert pubiiebed in a New York paper, purporting to cume from th's city, tha the Oweas went ou tae beach tp consequence of the obstructions in the , harbor arieog from the sucken vesaols, is faise, ) There is 10 necessity for sivking vessels in Charicston barbor to prevent the ingress of hostile forces. The bat teries on Morris ivlaud are amply competent to do thut, as. we shalt presently se. FIRST INDACATIONS THAT We ARE ON PORMIGN 80%t. Poseing the frowning walls of Fort Sumter and toe ugly Jocking bul ‘on Morris apd Sullivan Iklands, and ae. rived at the wharf, we were making preparation to lowe the abi with our Ysgguge, w we had previously dune, with no nore interruption than on leaving a Long Island steamer i the port of New York, when we were potivoly told that our trunks must be exsamined and a fee paid to the Custom Honee officer before iney would be allowed to ge arbore. It was the first time that we realized that we wore actually on foreiga Pol; aod, however aanoying the / detention may be, reguiatiovs like these are neces avy to mskeall Northerners visiting the South real'ze the fect also. Tho fee amounted to twenty coute, and being promptly paid to a good looking ventieman, us luggage was pasced witheut a key being trned. ‘Ths test fimpression of the completing of the dissolution of the Union was certainly not agreeable, aitbouzh wo had for many months believed it to be eventually inevitanle. Previews visits to the South, » winter in Washington, and of Marchexperience Of he foauguration of a re- Vien Present, « gether with the swagger of aotori- Feeterr abolltionusts, negro rescuors and United shal murderers om Uenneylvania avenue, had reneh « state of things; and when tie fact burst upow us im all ite reality, al- tshockod eu if strnck by * galvanic » byt ® bri * period of reflection te ee tbat there Wal nO Teasoa -for astonish. wae thas we showd another ¢ “ us before Low Aro ile! snott it they wore «iad ts moet i a forega ebore must bars ? officer’s hay t counterange 6 nets that w these manifer fixed porpoee ond rater ines At diferent points yr “ 4 ou large and commodiou: a Ve Qovevereresserrocsrrncc sree soanae sree theenresnennnsely ‘ EANQUARTERS 68 pean : Qe neacareverrrenpens es revenmoareecoonnady we reer re nore rocneels Qreorercreneersrrere cy ke, Ke ‘The large balding nt the Interscotion of Menting ant Bread etrects, bet United f Hours, w termnst ‘thud olerks bastly at articlee portaining to the paimebio, when the » - 4 Sowd a cabbege ve sadministered by Oot ter for etnere afte! Pas roel ere, ve he in a Northerne \otig Cough Wo Waew Ble SoutMura right - 4 ? 4 : / ; Vv f i i ) }