The New York Herald Newspaper, February 20, 1861, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU ers. AMUSBMENTS THIS EVENING, AOADEMY OF MUSIO, Fourteenth street.—IzaLian Ora- mi—On Bato in Mascusns NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Jacx Capx, WINTER GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond street. — Ormgi.o. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—A Nicat m Woxors Woe. : WALLAOK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Curtnut Pant. LAURA KEENE'S THEATRE, No, 624 Brosdway.— Bevan SuTEKs. NEW BOWERY THEATKE, Bowery.—Wao Srxaks Fimet—Harinquin JAOK—Oanrex tex OF KOUKN. BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSBUM, Broadway.—Day and Breaing—Tum Woman wt Warre—Living Curiouirivs, &u. BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Mall, 472 Broad- way.—Buususqums, Soxos, Dances, &0.—Jack Cane. HOOLEY & CAMPBELL'S MINSTRELS, Nibio’s Saloon, Broadway.—Eruiorian Soxcs, Danoxs, Buuinsques, do.— ‘Tax Momuees, CANTERBURY MUSIC HALL, Fors, Songs Oaxces, Buntusques, MBLODEON, No. 699 Broadway.—Soncs, Daxcrs, Buz- resgurs, Ac. 63. Broadvay.—Ticut New Yoru, Wednesday, February 20, 1861. BAILS FOR THE PACIFIC, New York Heraid—Cnlitornia Edition, ‘The mail steamship North Star, Capt. Jones, will leave this port to-unorrow, at noon, for Aspinwall. ‘The wails for California and other parts of the Paciite ‘will oloee at ton o'clock to-morrow morning. The New Yours Wersiy Fenaip—ulitornia edition— eontaining the latest intelligence from all parts of the world, witha large quantity of local and misvellaneow matter, will be published at half-past eight o'clock: ia the morning. Single copies in wrappers, ready for mailing, six conts. Agents will please ecud in their orders aa early as pos Bible. The News. ‘The great metropolitan event yesterday was the arrival at three o'clock P. M. of Abraham Lincoln, President elect of the United States. In another column we give an interesting and detailed ac- count of the ceremonies of reception from the time he left Albany until a late hour last evening, embracing speeches en route and in this city, the procession, decorativns, sketches of the Presiden- tial suite, the reception room, diauer, incidents and accidents generaily. We also publish the pro- gramme for to-day. The Peace Convention at Washington makes but slow progress. Yesterday they spent some five hours discussing a motion in favor of half hour speeches, And this trumpery question is still pending. One of our Washington correspondents furnishes some important revelations respecting the proba- ble financial and military polioy of the Southern confederacy. In Congress yesterday the Senate took up the Tariff bill, and after the adoption of several amendments and considerable debate the bill was reported. In the House Mr. Fenton, of New York, presented a resolution affirming, as the judgment of the House, that the existing troubles of the country should be referred to the National Convention, to be called in the mode prescribed in the constitution. The bill authorizing the Presi- dent to accept the services of volunteers was then taken up, the question being on its third read- ing and engrossment. The bill was strougly op- posed by the democrats, and the discussion was warm and irritating. Mr. Bocock moved to lay the subject on the table, which was decided in the negative by a vote of 68 to 105. The debate ter- minated with the expiration of the morning hour. The Senate resolution repealing the act of last session for the benefit of Degroot was adopted. The Naval Appropriation bill was taken up, the question being on agreeing with the Senate's amendments. The amendment providing for tho construction of additional steam sloops-of-war was disoussed till the recess. The evening session was devoted to debates on the crisis. There is nothing of great importance to notice in yesterday's proceedings of our State Legisla~ tare. In the Senate two bills were introduced in reference to railroads in this city—one repealing the act of last winter which took from the Com- mon Council the right to grant charters to city railroads, and the other to repeal the act author- izing the Seventh avenue road. In the Assembly, among other business transacted, considerable progress was made on the Annual Appropriation bili. The Saxonia, from Southampton 4ib inst., and the Jura and Fulton, respectively from Liverpool and Southampton on the 6th inst., arrived at this port yesterday. By their arrivals we have three days later advices from Europe. The nows is important. On the 4th inst. the sessions of the French Leg- islature were opened by the Emperor in person, iaa speech we publish in another column. The Speech was almost entirely occupied with refe- rence to the internal affairs of France, the ar- rangements ond advantages of the new Parliament, the alterations in her trading aystem, and the pros- pects of her industrial and commercial growth. Not much was said directly upon foreign affairs; @nd the little which the Emperor uttered on the subject of Italy and the stay of the fleet at Gaeta placed that question in no new light. The British Parliament was opened on the Sth inst. by the Queen. The address of her Majesty fs chiefly made up of allusions to foreign politics. The Italian question is dismissed in five lines. ‘The massacres in Syria, together with the French occupation; the war in China and the new treaty, the condition of India and the war in New Zea- land, the threatening aspect of affairs in the United States and the Prince of Wales’ visit to North America, and conventions with the Emperor of the French and the King of Sardinia, are all re- ferred to in the most cursory manuer. In connec- tion with the Queen's address, we publish in another column extracts from the speeches of leading members of Parliament. We reproduce this morning several extracts from the English press relative to the American crisis, It will be seen by these extracts that the feeiing in England is opposed to a blockade of the Bouthern porta. By these arrivals we have intelligence of the Geath of Mrs. Gore, the celebrated novelist, and Geu. Boequet, a Marshal of France. A correspondent of Le Nord denies that there is any truth in the ramor by which Garibaldi is represented to have started upon a secret expe- dition. The writer maintains that Garibaldi has not quitted Caprera. Io the London money market consols were a fraction higher, while American securities had de- Olined one per cent. The condition of the banks of England and France was improving. In the Liverpool markets cotton was dull and prices barely supported. Breadstuffs had im: proved both in price and demand. The steamship Quaker City, Captain Shufeldt, from Havans 15th inst., arrived at this port yeu. terday afternoon. The only news of interest sho brings ls that General Don Miguel Miramon, ex- Presidem of Mexico, and Don Joaquin Francisco Pacheoo, late Spanish Ambassador aud Minister Flonipetoatiary to that republic, are coming to Velasco, which left Havana on the day the Quaker City sailed, bles from Caracas, Venezuela, to Janaary 29, bave come to hand. The on y news of interest they contain is the evidence o the very wide- #pread teeling in favor of Gen. Paez. In all parts ofthe country popular demonstrations and ad- Greases occupy the attention of the journals, In Caracas an address, which will be sent to the United States, has been prepared and signed by &t least 1,500 of the most respectable persons of ol) shades of politics in that city, headed by the Archbishop. In Cumana the people turned out en masse and paraded the streets, singing the hymn compésed in honor of the “distinguished citizen’ in 1868. Similar demonstrations have tuken place in Valencia and other places. The Congress had not yet met for want of a quoram. The courtanartial on Lieut. Burbot, of the sloop- of-war Mohawk, for shooting gunner’s mate Ben- nett, was resumed in the Lyceum of the Brooklyn Navy Yard yesterday, when John Benson, Master- at Arms, who gave his evidence on Monday, was crors-examined on behalf of the accused. The other witnesses who testified were Surgeon Stew- art and Third Assistant Engineer Dick, after which the court adjourned to haif-past ten o'clock this morning. A regular meeting of the Board of Supervisors was held yesterday, but in consequence of the anticipated arrival of the President elect very ‘ite business of public importance was transact- ed, andthe Board adjourned at an early hour. The weekly statement of the condition of the county treasury was received, which showed that the balance on the 16th of February was $353,466 34, and after some minor business the Board adjourned. ihe Lusopean news received yesterday failed to have ci ponding influence ou the cotton market. The co in sterling exchange to 1064{,an improvement f 2s per cent, combined, with accounts of some failing of in redeipis at the South, imparted more activity and irmucas to the market, which closes at ab: ie. er pound higher. The transactions embraced out 2,600 bales in lots, closing on the basis of 115;c. « (ie tor middling uplands. Among the sales were 600 at live. Flour was in good export demand, with ® at ap advance of about bc. per bbl. Wheat was tirm and active, and closed at an advance of about 1c. per busbel, Corn was also firmer and in’good demand, with far entes at better prices. Pork was dull and quiet, at $17 for mess and $13 for prime. Sugars were tolora- ivy setive, and the sales embraced 1,650 bhds. Cuba, 300 do melade and 600 boxes, on terms given in another column, Coffee was firm, with sales of 7,800 bags Rio at lOye.aldc, Freights were firmer,and wheat was epgaged for Liverpool, in bulk and ships’ bags, at 12}. 4 1Sc,, flour at Sa. 9d., bacon at 40s., and cotton at 5-16d. a l1-a2d, Mr. Lincoln 1n the Metropolis=His Daty to the Country. The President elect arrived here yesterday, and received a formal reception at the hands of the city government and thirteen hundred republican policemen. The masses of the poople did not turn out on this occasion There was a Saint cheer as Mr. Lincoln entered bis carriage at the railway station, but none of those spontaneous outbursts of enthusiasm for which our people are noted, and the assem- blage in Broadway was not much greater than upon ordinary occasions. In aud around the Park and the Astor Touse, however, the crowd was very large. It was quite evi dent that the people of the metropolis, viewing the election of Mr. Lincoln in the light of a great national calamity, one which bears more especially upon their material inter&sts and heretofore kindly relations with the South, bad resolved to give expression to their feelings by denying themselves the satisfaction of their natural curiosity. So the new President was received with less enthusiasm than usual on such occasions—a fact which is eminently sug- gestive of the opinion of the Empire City. If during Mr. Lincola’s brief stay in this city he escapes from being tocn in pieces by the politicians he will be a fortunate man, and he only means by which he can avoid being devoured by these jackals, who have dissolved he Union and now seek to fatten themselves upon its body, is to exclude them altogether from Lis counsels until the pending questions before the country are setled. Party debts must stand over till amother day. Mr. Lin- coln’s first duty is to the nation. No spoils till that duty is performed, should be his motto. We claim the’right to speak to Mr. Lincola on behalf of the people of this great metropolis, the heart of the nation. The pyople have no representative except the independent press, which builds up and pulls down parties, makes and destroys leaders, as the exigency of the times demande. ~ To begin at the root of the dMficulty, we must request of Mr. Lincoln that he will go back thirty years—long betore he had become in any way tainted with abolition heresy—and when he was taking his first political lessqns from that accomplished teacher, Mr. Clay. In 1831-2 the great conspiracy to break up the Union of these States was commenced by the old abolition party, Garrison’s cardinal pria- ciple being “zo union with slaveholders. Previous to that time there had been some tea party philanthropic abolition so- cieties; but it was not until Garrison, aided by British funds, established his Libera- for, and drew around him such men as Lewis Tappan, Wendell Phillips and others, that the political feature of the movement was made apparent. We must do the radical abolitionist leaders the justice to say that they have been more logical and consistent than the other parties which have risen and fallen in their day. In the first place, they de- nounced the constitution as a pro-slavery docu- ment, which it undoubtedly is, and then refused to vote, or to hold office, or to do any act which would be equivalent to an acknowledgment of allegiance. And so they began the great con- spiracy, openly and before the eyes of all the world. When the annexation of Texas was mooted the abolitionists seized upon the discus- sion that ensued as a means whereby their numbers might be increased, and in 1842-3 formed the liberty party, with the Garrisonian doctrines slightly modified, but not materially changed. This party was subsequently (in 1848) merged into the free soil organization, which was the direct progenitor of the repabli- cam party of to-day. After the defeat of the last named organisation, in 1856, overtures were made to the radical abolitionists, who had objected to Fremont om the ground that oc had been # democrat and was born in the South Aiding the conspirators, the republicans took a step forward. Mr. Seward promulgated his fa- mous theory that between the North and the South there existed an irrepressible conflict, which must result finally in the extinction of slavery, and Mr. Sumner took still broader abolition ground, The Helper book, adopted as the republican Gospel, advocates the bullding up of an aboli tion party in the slave States, and proposes the ostracism of slaveowners, The radical aboli tionists, boing thus met more than half way, Joined the republican leaders; the Chicago platform was moulded to the Garrison ideas, altbough, in order that timid or conservative voters might not be frightened, they opposed it, and the great culminated in the choosing of Abrabam Lincoln as the first Pre- sident elected upon the antielavery platform. Since the election events of the most start- ling character have followed upon each other's heels witb miraculous rapidity. The South, in view of the tendency of the doctrines of the dominant party, bas felt compelled to resume tenporarily the rights which the several States ceded to the general government. The seces- sion movement is not one of a few funatics Its leaders—Jefferson Davis, Alexander H Stephens, Herschel V. Johnson and others— are known to be among the ablest men in the country, and up to this time firm friends of the federal Union. But, as the inaugural address of Mr. Davis implies, the old Union uo longer exists; it has been broken up by the abolitionists, aud the South takes its affaire into its own hands. We do not see how Mr Davis and his friends could have pursued any course otber than that which they have adopted fad they not placed themselves at the head of ‘he excited people in their section we should have bad civil war a month ago, Upou this state of facts, the question now re- curs as to the present duty.of Mr, Lincoln. He has been constitutionally elected as President, and we are to support bim so far as he is found equal to the emergency. As he says, no Presi- cent since '' » confederacy was formed has had eo difficult a task as that which is before him Verbaps it may be as well that the President of the United States should have some work other ban the distribution of the spoils. “Out of tbis nettle, danger, we pluck this flower, safety.” And if Mr. Lincoln is really ani- mated. by the spirit which pervaded the breast of Washington, he may yet be able to surmount all the difficulties of his position Few men have had euch an opportu uity to win undying laurels. Trae, Mr. Lin- coin did not begin well. His Indianapolis speech was ill timed, and made a bad impression; his tariff palaver for the Pennsy! vanians was uncalled for and absurd, and his familiarities with the people—telling stories and inquiring out young women who had sent him foolish letters about his whiskers—quite beneath the dignity of the office to which he has been elected. Since he crossed the fron- tier of our State, however, Mr. Lincoln, either from physical exhaustion or on account of some hints which he may have received from his sagacious Premier, has confined himself to short, formal speeches of recognition, and his speech last night at the Astor House to the republican clubs, exhibited more dignity and ‘act than he has hitherto shown. This is well, and we trust that he will now put away all childish things and address himself seri- ously to the great work before him. Already we find the conservative republicans ready for apy sacrifice that is needed to save the country, which is, briefly, the platform of Mr. Seward, in whose political experience Mr. Lincoln must place great faith. We make all allowances for the fact that the latter isa mere village poli- ticlan, raised to a giddy height by a mere accident, and doubtless dazzled by suc- cess; but in Mr. Seward we see the ex- perienced statesman and the sagacious party leader. Mr. Lincoln should carry out Mr. Seward’s idea even, if he is compelled to sacrifice his own party. The world will lose nothing by that. Parties must change as events change, and Mr. Lincoln's true friends will never desert him, nor will the politicians leave him while he retains the spoils. The sacrifice demanded of Mr. Lincoln is very simple. It is to offer such concessions as will keep the border slave States in the Union, and open the way for the reconstruction of the confederacy. Jf Mr. Lincoln would enrol his name by the side of Washington's, he shovld recommend in his in- augural constitutional amendments on the Critten- den basis. This avowal should be followed by a message calling Congress together, in order that the matter may go to the people. None but Cubi- net offices to be filled until the great question is settled. Query Victoria, Louts Narotzox, Prestpenr Jerrerson Davis anp Our Prestoent Exxcr, Asranam Lixcouy.—We published yesterday the inaugural address of Jefferson Davis, Pro visional President of the Southern Confed- eracy, an address that indicates the man of experience and a cultivated mind of a high order. We publish to-day the speech of Queen Victoria on the opening of the British Parlia- ment, in which the vast and various concerns of the widespread British empire are summed up in a few telegraphic paragraphs, including a little eloquent one on the affairs of the Ameriean Union, which is a volume in itself. We also publish the opening address of Louis Napoleon to the Legislative Chambers of France, marked, as usual, by Napoleonic ideas. We also publish to-day, as we have every day published for some days past, several of those remarkable little speeches which have dis- tinguished the pilgrimage of our President elect, Honest Abe Lincoln, towards the White House. Thus, from the authoritative voices of three of the great Powers of the earth—England, France and the United States, North and South— our readers are informed of the present state of affairs in each. It is a fact, however, which we cannot overlook, that Queen Victoria, in a brief sentence or two on our domestic troubles takes a better view thereof than our own President elect has yet submitted in any of the speeches he has made. She recognizes and regrets our deplorable sectional divisions: he does not see that anybody is hurt, or that any- body is suffering from them; he considors this terrible revolutionary crisis an artificial affair, such as demagogues and turbulent politicians may get up at any time. Queen Victoria hopes for a peneeable adjustment of these sec- tional troubles; our President clect has no thing better to offer the South than submission on their part or their subjugation. Emulating the generous spirit of Queen Vic- torla, let Honest Abe Lincoln speak out bravely in favor of ® peaceable adjustment, and prepore, upon the basis of the Crittenden resolutions, for such reeommendations in his inaugural address as will open the door to the border slave States and to the seceded States, and bring them all again under the good old flag of the Union. Let him speak for a compro- mise; and let his first official act after the appoint- ment of his Cabinet be a prodtamation calling an extra seasion of Congress upon this great question of the Union, and let him make every appoint. ment dependent upon a Union saving compro- mise, and the Union rill yet be saved, and the Queen of England will send over the Prince of Wales to join in a Union dinner at ihe White House with the Prince of Rails. NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 20,. 1861. | New York om board the Spanish war stoamer Progress of the Commercial Revulstom— | an extra session of Congress, and v,* his messa¢ propose this plan of settlement; ana ,'¢t him not dispose of a single office in his gift exoept 20% F Increase of Failures. e In referring a few days since to the effect of the political crisis upon commercial affairs, as indicated by the number of failures in the United States for the month of January, our table of failures was incomplete, and did not embrace the entire country; but we have ob- tained a list of failures for that month from the Commercial Agency of Dun, Boyd & Com- pany, the branches of which extend to the remotest parts of the country, thus enabling them to command the fullest information, by means of a system which works with the accu- racy of a pertect machine ; and it appears, from this statement, that the aggregate of failures for last month was as high as 859 in the United Siates, and thirty-three in the British provinces, making a total of 892 failures in the first month of the present year. These failures were di- vided between the States as follows :— FAILURES REPORTED ON THE BOOKS OF DUN, BOYD & CO., DURING THE MONTH OF JANUARY, L461. Alabama... +8 New Jersey. New York cit, Masauoh Micbigan .... Minnesota .. Total in United States British N. A. Provinces. This is a black record, indeed, and gives a gloomy prospect for the future if our political difficulties are not speedily settled, so as to re- construct commercial relations between the North and South. Had the country been less prosperous than it is,and the money market more stringent, we should have a worse story to tell to-day. But it fortunately happens that, apart from political troubles, the country is in a most flourishing condition, and the addition to our financial resources, sent in re- cently from Europe to the amount of some seventeen millions of dollars, to purchase cot- ton and breadstuffs, which are a necessity to our foreign customers, has enabled the mer- chants to stave off the day of reckoning for a time. Were it not for this, and the extension of paper reciprocally afforded to- merchants from their creditors, and by the merchants to their customers, in expectation of better things to come, the whole commercial fabric would have gone to pieces before now. The condition of affairs at the present time is far worse than it was at any former period— even in 1858, when the effects of the financial cevulsion of the fall of 1857 first began to be felt—as the following table of failures in the months of January for five years, taken from the books of Dun, Boyd & Co., will prove:— N January, 1857.. 439 January, 1858. 825 January, 1859. 640 sanuary, 1860. 455 January, 1861 869 Here we sce that the failures last month ex- eced even those of January, 1858, when the crisis, which then arose from purely commer- cial causes, was beginning to manifest itself. In the succeeding years, it will be seen that we were obtaining gradual relief, until in 1860 things had so far recuperated that, only for the political difficulties in which we are involved, this year would have found us perfectly reco- vered, and as prosperous as ever. With every- thing in our favor—-good crops, plenty of mo- ney, wisdom learned from adversity—nothing could stem the tide of prosperity except the unfortunate political differences which have arisen out of a senseless abstraction. With these facts before us, is it difficult to point out what should be the course of Mr. Lincoln? Can he any longer lay the flattering unction to his soul that we are living in a country where “nobody is suffering?” that the crisis is merely “artificial?” He is in our city now, and if he wants light upon the actual condition of the country let him send for a few of our merchants—republican merchants, if he pleases—men who have commercial relations with every quarter of the Union, and ask them what they think of the real state of affairs, Let him hear their statements, and we opine that he will exclaim, “Bring me no more reports,” and will go to Washington a wiser man than when he left the village of Springfield, Mlinois. If Mr. Lincoln hopes to be the second Washington of this great confederacy, and to obtain that grace and strength from the Almighty for which he prayed so fervently when leaving his Western home, let him come out emphatically in his inau- gural and recommend the Crittenden resolutions as amendments to the constitution; let him call an extra session of the new Congress, and in his Sirst message boldly reiterate this plan and its submission at once to the people, and he will be thus enabled to stop the flood of ruin and de- struction which is overwhelming the commerce and prosperity of the whole country. Tar Prace Coyre at Wasutneton.— The President elect is reported as having the other day expressed the opinion that this Peace Conference at Washington, having no power to do any good for the Union, was yet calculated to do a world of mischief against it. We are half inclined to the same idea. We have never had any faith in this heterogenous assemblage of old political fossils. Let them adjourn and go home. The responsibility and the power are with Abraham Lincoln. Let him speak for the Union in his inangural address, and in behalf of the Crittenden compromise, and let him next callan extra session of Congress, and submit this compromise as an administration measure to the two houses, and the Union will be saved, and Abraham Lincoln will go down to posterity as our second Washington. A Monet Atsany Laoistator.—We publish elsewhere a full account of the arrest of amem- ber of tho Albany Legislature for the crime of bribery and corruption, and the affidavits upon which the charge is grounded. It appears from the allegations that the party in question, who representa the First district of Albany county in the Assembly, offered to sell, for tho aum of $100, his vote in favor of a bill advancing the salary of the Assistant District Attorney of Al- bany from $1,000 to $1,500 per annum. We hardly suppose, from the character of the Togis- lature generally, that this occurrence is helt as remarkable as the fact that it has been publicly exposed. Nevertheless, it is an evidence of the corruption and rottenness of the politicians, and of the Albany politicians especially. A little more investigation would probably de- velope a rich vein of bribery and corruption m that quarter. Hf Abraham Lincoln would succeed in giving us a healthier political condition, let him, in his inaugural of the ath of March, pronounce in favor of the Crittenden comprormdses aa amendments to de constitution. Let hing emmediately after cu ee ee ee ee ER ee ee ee ee os his Cabinet, til our national differences are pletely adjusted. Se THE NATIONAL CRISIS, IMPORTANT NEWS FROM WASHINGTON, Warm Debate on the Force Bill in the House. The Proceedings of the Peace Convention. The Governmental Policy of the Southern Confederacy. PROCEEDINGS OF THE VIRGINIA CONVENTION. The Convention Elections in Missouri and Arkansas, Ker, key ae PROCEEDINGS OF THE PEACE CONFERENCE, Wasnincron, Foo. 19, 1861. Tho Peace Congress drags its slow length along. Tho probabilities are that thoy will not agree upon any plan before Saturday or Monday. A motion wus made that speeches be confined to half an hour. The motion was debated about five hours, wren the Convention adjourned, the question still pen ting Senator Morrill, of Maine, and ,Mesers. Rives and Seddon, of Virginia, took part in the debate. ‘There were several scenes during the debate that wore perfectiy ludicrous, resulting mainly from tho fact thit the members ure entirely unrestraiued by the absence of the representatives of the press. This day has been wholly consumed in froitiess and irrelevant debate, entirely out of order. The Chairman permitted it to go on, notwithstanding there was a special order, which was the plan reported by Mr. Guthrie. ‘Tho debate arose on a motion to limit speechos to thirty minutes. Unless the Congress indicate a more business like epirit, and. put a stop to long speeches, their labors will amount to nothing. ‘There is an apparent disposition ¢mong the republicans to talk the report to death, and their action to-day ought to satisfy every reasonable man of the fact. ‘They baye changed the hour of meeting to ten o'clock. THE FINANCIAL AND MILITARY POLICY OF THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY. Wasnrneton, Feb. 19, 1861. Private letters and despatches were received here to day from Montgomery, mapping out pretty cloarly the probable policy of the new government of Confederated States. So soon as the Cabinet shall be aunounced, I’resi dent Davis will despatch a commission of threo distin guished gentlemen, accredited to the government of the United States, and clothed with power to treat in rogard to the forts, arsenals, public debt, &., and to negotiate a treaty of amity and alliance. A Treasury bili will be passed, empowering the Secro tary of the Treasury to accept cotton in lieu of money for bonds, which are to be issued on the Napoleonic basis Vast quantities of cotton have been already tendered. It ig estimated that £0 soon as the bill becomes a law, the Secretary of the Treasury will bave subject to his order over two hundred thousand bales of cotton. Knglish agente are now at Montgomery negotiating with the government, and offering Liberal advances. ‘Advertisements will be issued in a few days for sailors and soldiers. Those are especially desired who have seen servico, and a large bounty will be offered. They will be made citizens at once, and aro expected to tako tho oata of allegiance to the new goverument by the 15th of March. Itis believed tha: a small navy of probably twenty or thirty steamers will have been extemporizod and put on the seas. Privateers will only be employed in the event of blockade. Rumors are afloat that the Hon. Robert J. Walker has been tendered the Secreturyship of tho Treasury by President Davis, and has been invited to return to his old home in Mississippi. ‘The policy of the new Southern President is evidently to invoke to his aid all the available talent of every de- scription whieh he can command. The vigor with which operations are rushed on at Montgomery excites much disparaging comparison with the weakness of tho incoming government at Washing. ton, Senator Wigfnll will probady bo made a Major Goneral in the army of the Southern Confederacy, and assigned to the Department of Texas, Hon. L. M. Keitt gocs Minister to Spain. It is plain to see that the whole diftioulty is now re- solved into the question of force. The federal govern- ment must suspend its authority over the revolted States or there is war. If it will do this, all tue border States will remain and trust in an appeal for justice to the people of the North. If Mr. Lincole and the republicans persist in what they call “ executing the laws,’’ then the issue is between sixteen States on the ce hand, and fifteen on the other, couplod with the staggering question of whether a divided people in sixteen States will undertake to whip and subjugate a united peopie in fifteen. This is all there is now in the great issue of the day. THE TARIFF BILL IN THE SENATE, Wasurvotox, Feb. 19, 1961. ‘The Senate have agreed to vote tinally on tho Tarill bill to-morrow, and it is certain to pase. But it is by no means the Morrill bill. It has beon changed in nearly al! its features. The average per eentage of duty does not exceed the tariff of 1846, end it does not disturb the warehousing system. It will increage the revenue on the imports of last year about eight million dollars. Gover- nor Bigler showed to the Senate that the duty oa browa sugar for the last four years had been equal to one and three-fourth cont per pound, and the bill fixes itat throo- -fourths of a cent per pound, and also that the bill will reduce the duty on molasses to one half the presout rate. TIM: WAR MEASURES OF TIE REPUBLICANS, Mr. Stanton, Chairman of the Committeo on Military Afairs of the House, by consent of Mr. Reynolis, of the House Select Committee, yesterday introduced a bill authorizing the President to cali for volunteers, and re- capture the forts, arsenals and other property seized from the United States. An attempt was made to put it through the House at once, but the special order laid it over until today, when it came up in the morning hour, and an attempt was made to rush it through under the previous question; but it was despe rately fought until tho special order again interfered, when an attempt was made to postpone the special or- der, But the opposition to the bill flaaliy yielded to a special assignment of its consideration at oue o'clock to- morrow, when it is understood that it will be assailed by the opposition. ‘The measure is calleda ‘Force bill.’ It is no such thing, being only an amondment to tho militia bill of 1796, and is offered to obviate a difficulty ia the existing law oxpressod in an opinion given to Mr, Buchanan by Attornoy General Black last November. THE VIRGINIA STATE CONVENTION. Ricamoxn, Feb. 19, 1861, Mr, Preston’s speech in the Convention to-day has been pronounced tno grandest oratorical effort ever made here, and excited immense applause, Tho princi- pal point was that South Carolina, having borne years of aggression in tho Union, had oxorciaed tho right of secession, and was prepared for resistance to the death. ‘Tho Union could nover be reconstructed unless a power shall unfix the powor of God. No sanctity of human touch could reunite tho people of the North with the South. He expressed full confidence in Virginia joining the Southern qnnfoderacy, Mr. Hall, of Wetzel, introduced a resolution that Vir- ginia bas a legal right to secede: that the moro election of Mr. Lincoln was not jus grounds ; but since « portion of the South haa actually seceded, leaving the border States greatly in a minority in Congress, Virginia should demand additional guarantees and propor amendments to the constitution. fle would present tho ultimatum to the Northern Stator, and fix tho time beyond which sho will not wait, and if It fail then Virginia should take etopa to reoure the just rights out of the Union, Roferred to the Committee on Federal Relations, Adjourned. PHIBTY-SIATH CONUMESS. SECOND session, Wasunscron, Feb, 19, 1861. ‘The Bennte mot at eleven o'clock. Tw Mr. Rics, (opp. of Minn., said he belioved the people of . 8 State wore in favor of a settlement of the daa culiica, «°24) if separation must come, peneeful separation. He presente.’ 4 Petition signed by 1,200 voters of St. Paul, asking for a aoct!sinent, Mr. Jomesoy, (opp ) Of Ark., wished to object to ox- Plaining petitions at loogih. We might as well sing Palams to a dead horse dx ths take up all the time of the morning hour, Mr. Seward, (rep.) of N. Y., presented a large number Of petitions in favor of the constitutia and laws, Mr. Sewaxp also presented a petition eXgned by a large number cf citizens of New York, stating shat in thoir BP pve sae gr to Congrecs were full of com- plaints stato of the count make matters worse, and do Dn repreweat roo oe ‘rae slate -of the country. Therefore they ask Covgreas to onset & i revolution for the relief of be’ heise Ba jution for J a mor Minister to Fora, wus ¢ iors © copeideration Of the President's . sr : ‘si Message was post. ck, (rep.) Of N. J., prosented a signe ed by over a ohne Ag hall City, requeating Oon- grees to stand firm hi the constitution aa it is, and secure che enforcement of the sederal Laws The Tariff bill was takea tp, abd’ thd “aihon: e Tariff bili was taken up, and tho 2 the committee Processed with ete A proviso was ad W the clause concoruing Treasary fr any Be the authority to sseue be limited to 80th of » 1862. A motion was made that the value: notes: be rncroastl from $20 to $50 each. ied sian ir. CHANDLER, (rep.) of Mich. , spoke agais - amc td gad the chat of the guveraslout woesd ba te aueed, jocause of traitor tnd ' because. worthless bonds "had. been ie! sued “by “nillions. Threats’ “hued made that unless certain things were done the goverament would Lave bo money. Let the cities shut up their yoults. Dyer since the Lord destroyed Sodem and Gomorrah, it has been Known that the great cities are full of corruption. But we couli go to the people and make an appeal to them, and raise all the money wo yng Why has the credit of the government fallen 50 hw Mr. Crnexan, (opp.) of N. C., said he thonght it was very » because States had seceded, and more were govg unless a pew policy were adopted. Mr Ciaapiee said he did not think go; but because there weretraitors in the Cabinet who had issued mil- lions of wor-bless bunds. It had been understood that the government would be maintained at ali hazards. dad Spetnathas “a Ceteng! e the Cabinet and imbeviles im © Presidential chair credit ould to-day ve stood: as bigh as ever i Laois Mir Cuscmen wanted to know wh; these mea bad Fone ont, the credit Gif uel in ee ir, CuanpuRe sail, because the party is etill in powor, though the inotviduais bad gone ont, sie é Mr. ber. md “ov ir the party were going out io two weeks, ad then the credit 18 going op so high, eed 18 there for all this lozistation no! hig Mr. Ctank, (rep ) of N. H., said he would tell the Sena- tor, it was becaugo they had got the credit down so low that it would take some time t> raise it. (Laughter.) Mr. CunuMan suid if the new power was going to coma in 80 #00u, surely thoy could get all they wanted without asking the States to endorse notes. Mir CiaRs said he did not ask the States to endorse. He only asked them to do something, eo they might ome forwaid with men of sinail coeaus, and he would put arms. around the goverpment und bold up go strong that ne” traitor could overthrow it. Mr Cringman asked why we could not borrow on the game terms as the last adim istration. Mr. Cianx suid that the democratic atministration had borrowed so many times in the same quarter, and 6o often declares bonds worthless, that even the men they borrowed of wouid not lend any more. After further discussion the amendment was agreed to—23 against 22 ‘The & vate thew took up in committees the Tariff bill. Mr. Seater, (opp) of Va., moved to strike out the @uty on wood scrows, and insert 25 per cont ad valorem. Alter a discussion the ameadment was not agreed to— 16 aguinst 24 Mr. Mason, (opp.) of Va. ,eaid the Committee on Foreign Relations bad received a communication trom that Depart- ment that the duty on wines in the bill might lead te some trouble in regard to the treaties with Portugal, &. After a debate, on motion of Mr. Simmons, (rep.) of R. L, the bill was amended 60 that aduty of Siow cent ag valorem was paced on all wives Mr Powsxtn, (opp.) of Ky., moved to amend 80 as te place a duty ou all Wool worth under twenty-four cents per pound of fifteen per cent ad valorem. A lopg discussion cacued, and the amendment was lost—rras ys 23, Mr.” Buyer ep.) of Ohio, offered an amendment 80 as to place y of five per cent on all wool under eighteen cents per pound, Mr. Witsoy, (rop.) of Mass, argued at some length agalvat the amendment, coufenutag it would only injure the manufacturers and Lot benefit wool growers. The amendinent was adopted—28 to 20. Mr. PoLx, (opp) of Mo, moved to amend £0 as to in- crease the duty on hemp other than Russta hemp. Last. M. LL offered au amencment that af®er the 30cm > all bountics on fisbing veseels on the ewhere be repealed and cease. Lost. Mr. GxzxN, (Opp.) of Mo., moved to adjourn. Ayes, 6) mex asked if 2 quorwfa was present, and what constituted a quorum? The Present (Mr. Fitch in the chair) sa‘d he could not decide what constitated » quorum. Mr. Greuw said be would not raiso the question now, He thought et the proper timo it ought to be seteed. Some other amenements were adopted and the bill waa reported to the Senate Adjourned. Mouse of Representatives. Wasmoron, Feb. 19, 1861. Mr. Fxsroy, (rep.) of N. ¥., offered a proamble recit- ing the clauses of the evustitution relative to the amond- mevts thereto, aud adding — Whoreas, varied and conflicting opinions prevail am: the members of this House im regard to the causes whicl have produced the unhappy disturbances now afflicting our country, and in regard to the proper mode of quiet ing and adjusting these disturbances and guarding agninst their future recurrence, therefore, Revolved, That ip the judgment of this House, the pro- per tribunal to which all the existing disvurbing ques- tions shoule be referred for deliberate consideration and final settlement is a convention of delegates from the severa States of the Union, to be called im the mode pre- scribed in the constitution. Mr. Frovron offered the above as @ substitute for tho propositions of the Committee of Thirty-throo. Ordered to be printod. THE FOROR UILt. The House resumed the censideration of the bill pa. Ported yesterday by Mr. Stanton, authorizing *he Pregj- dent to accopt the services of voluttesrs, the quostion being on its third rending aud engrossment, Mr. Stato, (rop.) of Obio, introducing the bill, said there was a great deal of misapprehension with rogard to the object it was intended to effect. It was supposed that it was the intention of the government, under its provi- sions, to raise an army, and to march into tho seceding States to eubjugate them. It was not the case, It wasa mere rovision of the law of 1795, tho first section of which provided for the calling out of the militin by tho President, for the exprese i "se Of suppressing insur. rection in any State against the authority of any Stato; the second section of “which also provides for the out of the militia to aid in the exccution of the laws, whgn resisted by combinations too powerful to be ovor- cofne by the ordinary civil process of inw. In bis judg- ment, that law of 1796 covers the caso of &u insurrection against tho author ty of the United states and the right to call out the militia to put dowa inaurrec: tions, But it appeared that the lete Attorney General Biack has 2 1 the opinion thav it does bot cover what is sought for Ly this bill, that the law of 1796 only authorizes the Preeident to cali out the militia when tho officers of the court, the marshal or others are resisted in the execution of process of law directed to thom, by combinatios which the office's could not otherwise over come, and did not authorize calling out tho militia to put down ineurrection against the authority of the United Staves. In his judgment, the law was intended to go this far, but to remove all ambiguity on the subject, the Gom mittee doemed tt thelr duty to extend the provisions of the jaw, not only to cases of resistance to a specitio law. but in all cazes where resistauce to the quthority of the United states, in the, execution off uny of its laws, 48 contemplated. Mr stexias, (opp) of N. Y., (interrupting) enid that he believed that one of the promives upou whied the bil was bared wes that the gentleman from Ohio believed that an insurrection « the United States actually exited: ~ Me, StayTox—Yes. Mr. Sickirs—In that case thore ic a etrange discre- pancy between the grounds of sch belicf, and the expres evavietion ‘of tho Jresident, that no euch insurrection exist Mr. Srastow replied that he was acting in this matwe for the publio geod, so far ag his judgment led hun to adupt these mens ‘The theory of the President was, that while aRtate might secede, that yet thero was no constitutional right of secession, and thojact of the reced- ing States was a revolutionary right, and could be u in no other way any a than in the light of tasurrection or revolution ecbor it requires the moasure wo provide for its prevention or not, is another question. But as to the nature of the thing, there is no diiferenco of opiaion between the pre- Sent administration and those on this eido of the House and the incoming administration. Mr. Sickums— ihe pretent administration asked for no such provision aa ths, and if the incoming admioitra- tion concurs with it, then there can be no ne censity for thie Dill, and it ought to be at once abandoned. The aiminvtration saw no necessl- ty for such a law, nor had it contemplated the cir cumstances under which it might be brought into uso, whether for the purpose of protecting the federal pro” perty, the national archives, or for the purpose of aub- Sig gy anna Staics, ir, Stantox—No one entertained (he idea of subja- gating anybody or any State, ex by executing the law with the least possible show of force, we, On » (rep ) of lowa—Seooanionfis te may cui revolution, but, nevertheless, it is tution, "These wore the very ‘words of President Ba- el . Mr. Stanton raid that what the existi inistration would do, if ¢ was to be continued im ore more, he did not know, inthe face of existing a] but the fret that the existing administration, whose of power expires in two weeks, had net deemed it meces- Gory in that short interval to gall for additional powers, .