The New York Herald Newspaper, February 16, 1861, Page 5

NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 1861—TRIPLE SHEET. 5 > are profs of the w, ie stvempted agamet or by crook, will be obtained. Victoria's daughters don’t | guenots,” combining as it dic a religous with a mili orlonging to the squadron of Commodore whicr? | mon kinds there is a reduction of about six to twelve z ral dynasty. ar whieh NEWS FROM EUROPE. - beirs ef thrones for nothing. ebaracter. The standards Pine yd the new ae a om ber return from tone eee he | cent. The fi of Saint Etienne hes siackened oe 4 1 that twe epinions have been laid before Tr the events of the present hour are not particularly | ments and battalions formed sivee year | port of Revel, only thirty men being s.ved out | in consequence, they say there, ef want of workmen, ‘We Emperor, one maintaining thas the Emperor, a sove- active they aro big expectation. ie the hour | were delivered to them in presence of “the | of a crew of one hundred. A coart of inquiry, ap- who donot find’ the prices sufficiently remunerasive. In Feign and bead of the family, abould prevent by his au- of sleadiy the into line, and soon the cam- | King and bis whole court, # Ddiessing having | poimted by the Grand Dake Constantine to juvest the suk markets of Avignon, la Dromo and PArdeshe, Shorty ali these discussions, Ne doubt, ARRIVAL OF THE CITY OF BALTIMORE. paigna w begin in real earnest. To-morrow the elco- Ses Pome Resnemnese ‘on them by the Chaplain General, | the circumstances of the case, has elicited some | trans ctions are almost nothing and priees are nominal, and impose silence en ali the of Mr. ‘occur all over Italy for a united Italian Parliament— | who, ina t address te the troops, set forth the obliga- | very curious and facts, which have created | with a downward tendency. Bere tattersca, which dave boon already event that has not taken place since the days of the | tious they were under to their sovervign and country, | great sensation here, and are much commented uy by Sar spinica, white recagaising Wat ng And how will all but # select few of the busy | ana ‘upen them to defend the hovorable insiguia | the press. It seeme there was a gunner on named eof this right wis and ambitious intriguers of the hour fade away complete- | pow granted them to the last drop of their blood. His | Savelieff, who for some reason or other bad incurred the Financial and Commercial News. mualataine that pothing would result TWO DAYS LATER INTELLIGENCE. iy from tho sight. "Tho schoolboy of to-day reais in a | diecmirse was receivad wih tho almost utbusiatm, and | dake of the captain and frat Meutenant, and nad been LONDON MONEY MARKET. be good policy, as the democratic customs of Franee t of Roman emperois the names of lus and | the soldiers then defiled in dense masses before the win- | subjected by them to the most brutal treatment. Etther | _ A decided was observable in the funds., ‘would give a faise mierprotation to this ect of various others that I have forgotten, and in this way, | dows of the royal palace, making the welkin ring with | in consequence of this, or from previous habit, he had | Consols on the 19th advanced 34 cent, closing firm a& en the of the , and ag it would be Dut with lees interest, will posterity record and read the | theiracclamations. A few days before the King bad as- | taken to drink: hich of course exposed him to far. | 91% 8% for money, aod 91% #92 for An im- bring discussions before the public, and f the Ameri Cot fact that a certain Francis IL and Franeis I. reigned ag | sembled his generals and the body officers of army | ther persecution. On the day the catastrophe | provement on the Paris Bourse, and the fact of gold flow- Anbmit them to the common law, and take this oppor- | English Views 0! ican Cotton Bauty, sovereigns over a ‘strip of Italy and | the round him and addrossed a fow words to them, in whic been sentenced to receive a certain number of | ig to the bank, wore the chief incentives t) the ay js ao Fo ie a of Selly til a ‘tan hero—a scoond | he his confidence in their devotion, and inti- | lashes, and was heard to say that he was birt! of his . ee I believe it ie under- and Crisis Questions. Leonidas—came down on im like a thander that the time might soon come for putting it to | life, and did not care how soon it was ended. When last fuk Btecd, as 1 ¥ , tbat bis Imperial Eighoess : }e stroke, and wiped out him and his dynasty forever: They the test. ‘Let us not deceive ourselves, gentlemen,” he | Seeb, he was busyipg himself about the powder maga- C7 the Monseigneur Prince has beoa the we will tell how he clung with tenacity toa lone rock said; “if I do not succeed in averting’ the conteat thas zine, and the survivors are persuaded that he set fire to the Reperor to take ship ieer-comre cg . sfergrems m ts tho last leas heuf, surrounded by An} Aeanena ae, it mil be A) in which we must ehher it ie coder at once to terminate his existence and tobe | ,, Sy ieee in the Levant trade, peletity red ” ‘women. are little events ona’ perish.” This, at least, is the report | revenged upon his oppressors, If s0, he certainly at- . C. Sklvago & Co. and 8. P. Bizami, 5 by’ a fellow correspondent, that we | Progress of the Bombardment Terr how political and religious liberty bas won inch by | of the Krew Zcilung, which is” generally tained bis vbject, forthe Captain, Baron Dusterioby and | ®0¢D. F. Rodocannehn, of r, bad been ap has accepted the inheritance eof his . inch, jam, from , from bigotry, | informed in all matters connected with roya'ty. In | the First Lieutenant, Rosenberg, both perished in the ex- | Bounced. only on the condition of noo Hiabitity, ef Gacta. ‘and from knavish ecclesiastics and tyrannous rulers, who | sbort, the whole atmosphere is redolent of gunpowder, jon, May their’ fate bea lesson toall tyrants, by American railroad securities were in active request i coon Dee fee eae seen eee, Ny ‘Rept thelr mahjooks pone, | morant and de- tnd the public are waiting in breathless exgcceation for Lat flan Fe ee a ee ae eens London on the 29th at advanced prices. hose authentic must be seen ler the morg cas: nose cur rise and the sangu! drama to com- persons ve along with Seon, spur Fuchs eddie ioe rata repo Senn AEN ot NE REE” |. mses somnary pein tei nacre oe | : vn at ee taney de, Me, commence sessions dul next ten iS rely noe to mention 4 the events now on “4 “ ~ Bea'hanl love of the Prince Napoleon, for the memory ef | RESULT OF THE ITALIAN ELECTIONS, | ane most imporune ‘ctiveraions ay va expeciad | tranapirig in’ Aseria aro viewed with cho moat olga France. anne munet fe dull and prices ares shade caster, ale is faiber protests. ‘ come up at these threo—! bh, English and ltalian— | ant regret by the friends of liberty in the Old World; ‘The important case of Patterson to wag | sales of and were = gm | Bowever this may most important legislative assemblies in Europe. Dut I may be allowed to observe that thew unbappy re | sox monced in Paris on the 25th ne “ 7 ly about 12,008 . wi i & pestye i Before Hon. Judges Daly, Brady and Hilton. IMPORTANT DECISION—OARRIAGE HIRE OF THE COR- formance of their official duties—$317 of which was in- urred before the Ist day of June, 1856, and the remain- Ger, viz, $104 50, after the passage of the charter of 1867. On the trial below, before a éingle Judgeand jury, the tif was -suited,fon the St ey. that'the Common Council wer ot, au yed to make Thages were necessary for them in ‘their official duties ‘and ip two cases to Dills were contained ‘and Common Council cont fered to show, that ‘Deen paid under those in General dtond ef the. Oommon Oounet payment of such Serrisge hire ts the mecnbere, would lace im the dis- @harge of their official duties, not“exceeding $100 per ‘annum for each member, Shick, bo peyved, vecopemed Doth before and after the date of obarges in suit; ‘and it appeared that not one of the claims in suit ex- @eeded $100 per annum for each member, The also offered to prove that he had ied carr! to members of the Common Council this bill, and Rad been paid therefor. The also proved that _ ‘his account was after the passage of charter of 1857. This matteron the was ar- ee ese ee at the General , 1859, by Mr. McMahon for the appellant and Me. Asderson on part ofthe lente, the tion. The General Term held the case over for advise- ment, and recently decided in favor of Mr. McMahon’s otent. Judge Daly delivered an elaborate opinion in the cane. W. Malcolm, a Jerseyman, on the 28th of August, of $90, ‘as he was passing through Canal street. The jury, after deMberating for a brief period, returned a verdict of guilty. His Honor, in peoaty age J McCarty, stated that it ‘was his intention to Parties convicted of Inghway ri bbery with the utmost severity; but in con- sequence of the youth of the prisoner, he imposed the Jowest penalty the law aliowed, which was ten years and two months in the State prison. ’Ag goon a8 Moths was removed from the bar, it was stated by an officer bo ‘was a well known character, hav’ partially served a term already in the Stato pricon. the fact beon communicated to the Court thathe had been pardoned ‘out, perbaps the sentence might have been more severe. A Jarger number of prisoners were sent to the State prison sole than on any previous day of the present term. ‘Charles Wentworth and James Robinson pleaded guilty to burglary in the third degree, the former being sent to Bing Sing for four years and two months, and his con- federate threo years and two months to the same institu- tion. George Stewart and John Barton, jointly indicted for stealing $49 worth of property from Jotn ©. Brower, of 293 Stanton street, pleaded guilty to an attompt at grand larceny. Stewart was sentenced. to the State. prieon for ‘two years and two months, and Barton two years to the mame ae aen ‘was indicted for a felonious assault upon John Darnell, keeper of a saloon at No. 608 Sixth avenue. ‘On the 28th of January, whon the defendant was making gome disturbance, Darnell threatened to put him out, whereupon Allen ‘pointed a pistol at him. A plea of guilty of an assault with a dangerous hag oy with intent do bodily harm was a cepted by cuting officer and the Court sont the prisoner to the: poniten: tier for one yoar. Menne! K Was charged with committ a bold lar- and for whi he had been tried, the Court Sorbd have lnicted a bevere rentence. A, Jory was om- pannelled to try case, but the prisonor’s counsel very tly augvined hia cliént to plead guity hoping that, saving the time of the Court and jury, the sentence modified. The complainant was Gasper C. examined by the police magistrate, stopping ‘tentified 1 of January, as he was ext of his sleigh, tho defendant rushed at him, throw his ‘arma around bis person, and soon after Mr. Chitis missed hhis pooket book, which contained $500 in money. Kelly ‘was sent to the State prison for three years and two months. ‘Martin Bulford, indicted for forgery in the second » Baving in his possession a counterfeit $3 bill on the Wor- or’ Bank, of usette, with intent to utter It as false, pleaded guilty to the fourth grade of that offence, ‘apd was sent to the State prison for two years, hornet ace pe ted Dolman, it —— mealing worth of property from roggenhei mer, '18 Orchard street, on tho 9th of February, were each rent to the penitentiary for two years. In the afternoon the Grand Jury brought in a batch of various offences, and the majority of the ned pleaded not guilty, where- ‘epon they were remanded for trial till next wook. Leigleback, who forged an order for some birds, he being ‘‘ hard up,” pleaded ey ot forgery in the ‘third degree, and was sent to State prison for two George Douglas, a young man, was tried for a eounterfeit $3 bill on the dor Bank, of Mansa shase a. ‘The aved an exoollent character. at 0 late the rai to agree were discharged from Soourtbr Jonsideration of tho ease. i 3 j Brooklyn City News. Sorrosey Scicior aT Newtox.-On Thursday morning exe of the workmen employed on the grounds of the Lu- theran Cemetery, at Middle Village,7Newtown, Queens eounty, found the dead body of a man lying on the ground, From papers found on the deceased it appeared that hisiname was #roderic Marx, and that he was a na- tive of Cassel, Germany. The deceased was shot fm the breast, the bullet passing through the lungs and lodging in the back, from which it was subsequontiy paventen B ae the poy Fy whe r, a Dox Of percussion caps and several jen, Penvte, Tie also had'on his person a handkerchief, a few smal) coins, ina common purse; @ daguerrootype like- ‘ees of a lady, anda > from ‘‘New Jersey, in ‘the Court of mon , ip and for the county of Ex- sex,’ declaratory of his intention to be naturalized. Tho Paper bore the signature of ‘Frederic Marx,” and was countersigned by ‘‘s. 8. Terhune, Clerk.” In addition to ‘thin document were several letters, in German. One ‘was tated ‘Hanan, March 2, 1866,” written to him by Bie father, and addressed to's Mr. Shaefer, Lonion, Eng- ‘asking him to advanco young Marx the sum of fit. florins, to enable him to proceed to the United The writer of tho letter requests the to write him, and subscribes himeelf * Your ‘vg father, Frederic Marx.’’ Another letter, from brother, dated Hanau, 231 July, 1859, and ‘of the samo dat® from his aunt, Sophia Marx. the documents was a marriage certificate, noti- George Frederic Marx had been married da Cierlon on the 6th of February, 1300, by the pastor of the Firat Church New York. The pear 3 the across a tree that been p hes § dently consummated, | From other dangerous matorials ind on 3, It is conjectured that the had com- Body, and'a verdict i, accosianes wich “tke foregoing nee : accordance with foregoing Awrvt Ferry Boat Acctorwt.—On Chursday evening, a8 ‘one of the south ferry boats from New York was nearing Der dock, a man namod Joseph Campboll, sixty years of as, leaped prematurely towards the bridge tag™ footing, he fell between iand, tecn i E 4 THE BONAPARTE-PATTERSON CASE. The Relations Between France and Austria on the Italian Question. Our London, Berlin and St. Pe- tersburgs Correspomdence. COTTON FIRM—BREADOTUFFS DEPRESSED, ae, &e., de. ‘The screw steamship City of Baltimore, Captain Petrie, which sailed from Liverpool at noon on the 30th and from Queenstown on the evening of the 31st ultimo, ar- rived here last night bringing £18,472 in specie. ‘The political crisis in America continued to be a leading topic almost daily in the journals, and among business men it formed the principal sub- ject for discussion and speculation. Mr. Seward’s specch bad been published at considerable lemgih in the news-- papers, and its merits were freely canvassed. The Lon- don Times applauds Mr. Seward’s argements, that South Carolina is guilty of rebellion, and says they are the prin- ciples which should have been laid down by President Buchanan. It further says, however, that with this im- portant exception it does no: see mruch to admiro in the An important conference on the affaira of India, main- Ty, it is supposed, with reference ¢o the culture of cotton, was to be held at Manchester on the 3lst ultimo, under the auspices of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce. ‘The London Herald eays it ia very generally understood that the shipping question will be brought hefore Par- Mament by the government in the early part of the coming session. ‘The prospectus of the new India loan had been iasned in London. The amount is £3,000,000 sterling, in ive per cent stock, redeemable on and after 1870 after one year's notice. At the meeting of the Royal Geographical Society, in London, on the 28th ultimo, the subject of the proposed North Atlantic telegraph route was discussed. Captain Bir Leopold MoClintock read a paper giving an account of his recent surveys in the Bulldog, and showing the practicability of the route, Sir Charles Bright also read a paper by Captain Allan Young, who commanded the steam yacht Fox, con- taining his recommendations as to the several janding places of the cdble. Another paper wus read by Dr. John Ray, giving an account of his journey across the largest of tho Faroe Iands and part of Iceland. And a fourth Paper was read by Colonel Shaffner, in which he explain- ed the working of the tolegraph circuits, either in short stages or from Scotland direct to America. Discussion ‘upon the various papers was adjourned till the next moet- ing of the seciety. -_* Orders for the discharge of about 1,200 laborers had been received in the dockyarde al and Shernese. A young man, named Thomas Donigan, hailing from Boston, Mase., had committed a murdor in Liverpool by stabbing, and had alse nearly killed bis father. Ho bad avoided arrest. The steamer Queen Victor!a, which recently ran ashore ‘at Plymouth, while en route for India with a large quan- tity of the Indien telegraph cablo on board, nad been floated and beached for repairs. The Cumard Company announces that tho Jura from Liverpool, op the 6th February, would be the last de parture of their ecrew line for the present, owing to the Salling off in shipments to the United States, Our London Correspondence. Lonnon, Jan. 26, 1861. English View of the American Orisis—Sowhern Agents Abroad—Cotton Associations—Ihe Siege of Gacta—Den- graphs—The Weather in Bngland—Great Mortality in London, dc. , dc. Every day now brings with it the regular editorial on American affairs in all the leading London papers, and with as much variety and style of handling aa we sce during the session in the discussion of Parliamentary affairs, And to-night am ambitious youth, bearing tho historical name of Andre, gives a lecture on the ‘ Ameri- can Revolution of 1860-61” before the Whittington Club. ‘The London Times—foromost in “cheek” —assumes the revolution to be au fait accompli, and speaks of the “‘iate”” American confederacy with as historical an air as it would of the reign of the Stuarts, or the aote of Sobieski, King of Poland. The whole course and tenor of that mendacious sheet is 80 transparent that it might spare the exhibition of its crocodile tears over your calamities. ‘They are getting jealous of the lusty vigor and ex- tended prosperity of Brother Jonathan. That the mag- nates of tho 7imes and a great number of the statesmen and politiclans, as well aa many others of the British pub- No, would rejoice at the breaking up of your Union, isas cortain as daylight. They have not, however, the face and pluck to say se, but content themselves with nib- bling and pecking, slandering and deceiving, and circu- lating falsehoods and false logic about you. Thave heard somo talk about an agent of the South in London, but nothing definite, There are plenty here that would be glad to make money out of the secoders; but they (the Carolinians) must not think it easy to enter into negotiations and obtain credit on any promises, bonds, mortgages of cotton, rice, sugar or tobacco crops, or other available resources of the South. It may, perhaps; be done toa very limited extent, but the Eng- lish merchants are very shy of Southern credit. Hercu- Jean efforts are being made to increase the growth of cot- ton im India, Brazil, Australia and elsewhere. An in- stance of forced growth and supply of ove article is given in the importation of jute. Previous to 1864 the eupply of coarse material for bagging was almost entirely from Rusia; but on the interruption of that by the Crimean war, the article of Indian jute was sought, and from a few hundred tone the article has been supplied last year to the figure of 60,000 tons (300,000 bales), and the coun- try made quite independent of Russia tow for sacking. Three years’ diffloulty at the South would tell the same story for cotton. A great intimacy ‘# exhibited in your loval politics and up-country politicians by some not very flattering portraits of Mr. Simon Cameron, of Pennsylvania, on ‘tho ammouncoment that he was to be in Mr. Lincoln’s Cabinet. Could the Pennsyl- yania lobby politician see some accounts of himeelf in Jobn Bull's papers, both from New York correspondents and in editorial columns, I think his care would tingle, and I think, too, the President elect would bo edited, if not flattered, for his judgment and choice, ‘The long standing siege of Gacta is now going on terr'+ ically. The French fleet is withdrawn, and the rifled can- non are pouring in their miseiles at a tremendous rate. ‘Tho Ambassadors present at bis Majesty’s mock court have all counselled resistance tothe last, Like some plucky London thieves in the days of Tyburn tree, he means to die game. It is curious to see that as soon ‘as the Russian and Persian Ambassadors gave their strong belligerant advice, they at once packed up and left. They “stand firm, yor Bomba, fight it out, but wo help you, por even your hat.’’ Garibaldi and sayy can Wi ae sestan the argent opeok of war fast Dow ja the Schieewig-Holstoin affair, The contest seems to be Tea- live between ‘And next Monday, the 28th, there are to be five distinct papers read before the Royal Geographical Socloty on various branches of the subject of a North Atlantic route. Sir I, id MoClintock has one on the surveys of her Majesty’s ship Bulldog, in the Greenland sca; Captain Young on the surveys of the Fox; rations in Faroe and Iceland;' LF. dS. the Fiords of South Greenland, and Colone! Shaffner on “«Electric Circuits.” I shall bave something to t of the meeting and the papers im my next lotter. practicability of lines ocean telograph for seven and eight hundred miles has proving the ved out and out, thus northern route these various stop- ping places to be a feasible one, and, in the preseut siate of ogee the only feasible one. The ic and International Telegraph Company, who extend their various lines across the Irish Soa, the German Ocean and the English Channel, have just held their semi annual meeting, and have declared @ dividend of threo and a half per cent for the six mouths— seven per cent a year. There is money to be made in tele; raphe, if properly carried om, and an amount of “business to be doce thes may be considered absolutely unlimited. it there bo half a doven wires from here to America, and let tele- ‘apb science be so improved as to enable to © sent with ten times the speed, or quantity at 4 and at one-fifth the expense, and you would get my let- ters by the cable instead of by post. You conld then ive m the Hxrarp the substance of the speeches in Par- ament the morning after they were spoken, sim taneously with the ‘acbates in Congross. Your second ‘out at eleven o'clock, could as reporting what took place actually before it happened. But there is no use of anticipating. ‘the future Ew! it becomes the present, will outstrip the most vivid imagi- nation. Our weather, which has been so utterly unbearable, has at length relented, and to-day is lke spring. And it ig a most seasonable relief to every one. Tho suffering and mortality occasioned by the late cold spell read like the account of some fearful pestilenos. deaths in London were actually seven hundred a weok above the average, being an increase of mortality quite beyond the cholera times of 1849-50. The London poor have been well cared for, and an as- tounding amount of ‘and charity distributed in all directions. If relief did not assume tic proportions at times, there would not only be a vast amount of suffer- ing, but actual rebellion. From both we have been hap- pily relieved. Our Berlin Correspondence. Benuy, Jan. 23, 1961. Deliberations of the Prussian Chambers—The Budgd for 1861—Prussian Finances—Denmark and the Duchies— Austria and Germany—Pruasian Policy—The American Crisis, de. The two houses of the Legislature are still deliberating on the addresses that are to be presented by them to tho King in answer to the royal speech. In tho Lords the project of one has been already drawn up, and as it con- tains nothing but highflown professions of loyalty and assurances of their zealous oo-operation in his struggle against “the revolutionary spirit of the age,” it will probably bo voted for by a large majority; but in the Commons the debate will hardly pass over #0 smoothly, the Kberal party being greatly incensed at the beha- vior of the Ministry in the army reorganization affair, and far from satisfied cithor with the explanations given by the King or with the whole course of policy announced by bim. In the meantime the Minister of Finance has already bronght in the budget for 1861, according to which the ordinary expenses of the year are computed at one hundred and thirty-three million thalers, the ox- traordinary at seven millions, and the receipts at some- thing lees than ono hundred and thirty-six millious, boing a deficiency of about four and o half millions, which are to be provided for partly by an addition of twenty-five per cent to the income tax and partly by the surplus rema ning from last year. The incroase of ox- penditure is occasioned entirely by the reorganization of the army, by which upwards of eight millions of thalers are added to the regular military estimates. ¥f no untoward event happens, therefore; if every- thing remaing quiet, and the peace of Europe is pro- served, the Prussian people will still have to raise one hundred and forty millions for the civil and military ex- penses of the State, which is nearly three times ag much as they amounted to im 1845, when they did not exceed fifty-seven millions. To be suro, the population and resources of the country have increased considerably since then, though nothing like in the same ratio, besides which it should not be forgotten that the ational debt has been more than doubled. Unfortunately there is very little prospect that the burthens imposed on the nation, already so enormous, will be limited to the estimates now presented. The enormous budget of M. de Patow is, after all, only apeace budget, and the preservation of those sums is more hopeless than ever. ‘The Schieswig-Holstein business, which has been drawing ite slow length along for the last twelve years, appears destined at length to bring on @ catastrophe. Iti the little black cloud, no bigger than a man’s hand, that rises im the horizon and portends a tempest. According to the convention concluded by Denmark with Austria and Pruseia in August, 1851, all matters ap- pertaining to the internal administration of Holstein are to be regulated in conformity with the ancient tnstitu- tions of the duchy, and no alteration in these institutions is to take place exeept with the consent of the estates. ‘The Federal Diet has determined upon summon- ing the King of Denmark, in his quality of Duke of Holstein, to fulfil the engagements con- tracted by bim im referemco to the priviloges of the Holstein cetates; and ta caso this demand is not complied with tn six weeks an execution will be jgeued agaynst him, or, in other words, the troops of the Germanic Confederation, or of Prustia, aa its representa- tive, will enter Holstein to enforce obedience to its do- crees. Now, this step on te part of the Diet is perfectly justifiable in a legal sepee—su that body t havo ‘a legal existence, which is den by many, German jurists; for the government of the King of Denmark clearly no right to make laws or levy taxes im the Duchy of Holstein, which forme an integral part of the Germ anic Confederation, and ig acknowledged as such by all the European Powers. The regular course woud be, conrequently, for the troops of the Diet to march into Hoisteia, and to stay there til) the Duke of Hotstem has acceded to its demands, and restored the estates to thoir constitutional privileges of voting taxes, &c., indo pendently of the Legulature of Denmark. Whether auch a course Would reJound to the advantage of the Holstein people is quite another question. They would be inundat- ed wish foreign soldiers, exposed to excesses that are in variably committed on such occasions even in a frieadly country, and in the end would have to pay the expenses of the execution, compared to which the extra taxation levied on them by the Danes would be a mere fleabite. In fact, if the Holrteiners were consulted, I imagine they would prefer bearing the ills they have, than fly vo others that they do know o wing had a furetaste o° them in 1851, when their country was occupied by Austrian and Prussian troops, parti ly as they have in reality very little to complain of, certainly not so much as their Ger- nan brethren in Hease, Hanover, Saxony, Mecklenburg, ‘&o.—the oppress of Danish rule being chiefly felt in Schleswig wher Diet has neither the right nor the intention to mterfere. If, then, the occupation of Hol stein by a federal army rem{inod, as it ought to do, strietly German question, no serious complications wou'd ensue, and the only sufferers would be the of Hol stein themeelyes; but i is extremely doubtful whether the Danes will regard it in this light, These downright, matter-of-fact Scandinavians do not understand the meta- phy sical diatincwm bet ween a King of Denmark and a Duke of Holstein, apd from all we hear of the warlike excite- ment Lad ws at Copenhagen, they will consider the ‘troops entrance of Prussian or other aD Holstein ‘as an attack upon the Danish monarchy, and will respond to it by a blockade of the Prussian ports in the Baltic. Pruaia, without a navy, would bo quite weak to prevent thin, and she would have no other alternative but to sit atill and wee her trade destroyed by tho Danes, or effect the Eyder and invading the king- At that moment, however, the |. opinion of many that he will be ultimately sults will be more immediately felt by the Americans re- siding or travelling in Furope. As long as the latter were citizens of one great republic, the covsciousness that they were under the protection of the glorious banner imparted freedom and security to their movements, and rendered foreign governments careful how they in- terfered with individuals who, humble though they might seem, had a mighty nation bebind them, ready to avenge an insult or exact reparation for an injury. Now, however, if the Union is broken up into two, or perhaps even thattered into several smaller fragments, the awe inspired by it will vanich, and a citizen of New York or South Carolina, of Iowa or California, will bo no more respected than a native of Fcundor or Guatemala, It would be highly desirable, therefore, that if the disrup- tion should be inevitable, some arrangements wero mado to continue the joint representation of the States abroad, 80 a8 to epable their sons to enjoy tho same privileges and immunities that were afforded them in their capacity of American citizens, and the withdrawal of this would be equally fatal vo their comfort and Ww their interests. Our St. Petersburg Correspondence. Sr. Perenssvns, Jan. 12, 1861. New Year's in Russia—The Serf Emancipation Question— Russian Policy—Russia and China—The Russian Trea- ty, de. To-morrow is the Russian New Year's day. A year commences with it that will be signalized by a great and important change—I might almost say @ revolution—in the social state of this empire. The emancipation ques- tion bas now reached its last stage, the special committee having terminated its labors, the result of which has ‘Deen submitted to the Supreme Counc!!, and the Emperor has firmly determined that the oukare announcing the final abolition of serfdom in Russia shal! be published on the 3d of March—the anniversary of his acoessicn to the throne. There is a report, indeed, that its provisions are not to bo put in force till the fall, so a8 not to interfere with the labora of the harvest; but it is the genoral opinion that any further delays would be danger. ous, ag tho peasantry are beginning to hee Patience, and serious agrarian disturbances havo occurred in several parts of the country. In the province of Verorij, the serfs of a nobleman, who had made himself obnoxious by his severity, rose against their master and drove him off his estate, and the Governor was obliged to despatch a detachment of Cos- sacks to reetore order, A similar case is reported from Smolensk, where a landed proprietor, who had promised to enfrapchise his vassals on their paying a certain sum, and who afterwards tried to back out from his eogago- ments, was subjected to porsonal violence. In former times such things used to happen very often; but since the prospect of emancipation has been hold out to the peasants they havo been waiting very quiotly for its realization, and the recurrence of such acts at the pre- sent moment shows plainly that they are getting tired, and are not inclined to wait any longer. It remains to ‘be seen now how they will receive the Imperial oulease, and whother it will not fall short of their expectations, which appear to be of rather too sanguine a character, many of them believing that the lands of the fobles will be divided among the peasantry, that they will have no taxes to pay, no recruite to furnish, Ao. At any rate, government is not without fears for the maintenance of pnblic tranquillity, and it ia a fact that the Minister of War is taking measures to call out 100,000 men of the troops of reserve, whe have boon on furlough since 1856. This step, however, may not be entirely owing to the internal situation, but alzo to the aspect of foreign affairs, ‘When all Europe is arming, Russia cannot remain on tho peace establishment, particularly as there has boen no conscription for nearly five years, and the numerical strength of her armies has, therefore, been so greatly reduced that it scarcely excceds the figure it had at- tained when the empire had not more than half its present population, The new complications that are arising in the Eastern question, the agitation that reigns in the Danubian Principalitice, in Hungary and even in Poland; the difficulties between Germany ‘and Denmark; the warlike preparations going on in Sweden—all this renders it nectesary for Russia mar shal her forces and to prove herself in readiness for the contingencies of the future. With the commencement of the new year wo may also look forward to considerable changes in Life personnel of our administration. Prince Orloff is still alive, but he is dying by incnes, and will nevor bo able to attend to ‘pusiness . As President both of the Uouncil of the Empire and of tho Cabinet Council, he occupies the high- est position attainable by a Russian subject, and it is na- tural, therefore, that the public are curious to see who will draw #0 great a prize. ‘The Supreme Council of tho Empire is a deliberative body, composed of the tirst civil and military dignitaries ‘of State, and which per- haps contains the germ of « Russian Sonate—not such @ Senate as we havo already got, and which is merely a kind of court of tend in judicial cases, but something like that of the United States. It is divided into five departmenta—fer legislation, war, c\- ‘vil and ecclesiastical affaire, economy and tinance, and the affairs of the kingdom of Poland (at Warsaw), each under @ President, the senior of whom acts as Vice Pre- nident, the absence of the President of the whole Council. At present Count Bloodof, who presides in tho nior of these five secondary Presidents. nees of Prince Orloff he has occupied hie place, and it is the appointed his successor, This, too, would have the advantage that he would be succeeded in bis t by Count Pauin, who has been Minister of Justice twenty-ono years, and whom it would be desirable for many reasons to re- move from that office. He is the only one of the ror Nicholas’ ministers who still retains his port except Count Adierberg, of whom there {sno chance of our being relieved till he shuffles off this mor. tal coil, and who unfortunately loaves an after th of sons and nephews (the Baranof") to succeed ‘ad infinitum. According to other *veraiona the Vico- roy of Poland, Princo Michael Gortchakotf, formerly commander-in-chief in the Crimea, will be selected for the Presidency, others again think Prince Peter of Uideu- burg will be the man, who, though Protestant, haa been for twenty years President of the Dupartment of Civil and Eoclemastical Affairs, the supreme authority of the Russian orthodox church, without any one tn Russia finding fault with it, or any one out of Russia giving us credit for toleration. Another important office, that of Secretary to the Cabinet Council, has become vacant by the demise of Mr. A. Sukofkin, one of our most ta- lented men of business, who died lately at the age of fifty-one, and who, if he had survived, would probably havo had a brilliant carcer. It is understood that he will be succeeded by Privy Councillor Milutim, adjoint to the Minister of the Interior, who tn his turn will be replaced bao Shouralof, formerly Chief of the Police of St. aburg. We pave intelligence of a highly interesting character from China. On the 14th November a supplementary treaty wae concluded by Gen. Ignatieff with Chinese Plenipotentiary, Prince Hung, by which the frontier be- tween thetwo ompires is smarter onued and new and valuable privileges conceded to In tho cast the entire coast, from the mouth of the Amoor down to the 42d degreo of latitude, which includes the fine har- bors of Castries, Poseict, Uign, Viadimir, &e., is acknow- ledged as Russian territory. Inthe west the line of de- mareation is dxed of the great lakes Dzaison and Issik-ku), the frontier bemg formed by the Celestial or Thion-Shan mountains, and extending tothe confines of the kingdom of Kokard, leaving the wholo of Transilen- fia to Russia, Tho caravan route from Maimatchon to Pekin is thrown open to the Russian merchants; 0 Roesian consulate is erected at Oorga, in Mongolia, and a factory at Kashgar, in Chinese Tartary, which ia’ to bo protected by a guard of two hundred Russian roldiors; the Ambassador at Pekin ia allowed to sond off couriers whenever he thinks ', who are w be furnished with horses by the authorities, and a regular ‘tal communication is established between the two pires. In short, all the demands which Rassia has been making for the last century and a half have beon granted unconditionally, with the addition of territorial concessions of the highest importance; and what is still more satisfactory, this result has been attained without our spending @ single rouble for military purposes. Tho lish papers tell us that the Chinese war haa cost them in that caso we are cer- have expected to dd loon #0 tractable, if he Ehgl twelve millions sterling: tainly under great obi vernment, as we could hardl: the Brother of the Son and statesman that Seas he was pursuing the very policy ‘to Russian intereste. By the treaty are verete of on the in Boquired some 600,000 on the Amoor, and at least 100,000 on the Ili. General io to have displayed tect and savoir, A title of Cordon French of the transm crowded and the caso excited very great interest, M. Berryer spoke for four hours and @ half without a mo- ment’s interruption on beba of the plaintiff. Ho abridged the statements already before the public in his written memorial, and in reply to a recent insinuation in the Mongeur he denied that this memorial was published prematurely, or that it contained statements which can Possibly be contested. M. Borryer contended in eloquent terme that the marri of Jerome with Mise Patterson was perfectly valid, and that nothing but a ju- dicial decision, which it was now too late to ask for, could get it aside. He concluded by expressing his be- Nef that the ju: it of the Court would confirm him im that respect for the bench which he had cheriahed through a long life. M. Alou, a first rate advocavte, opened the case for Prince Napoleon. While speaking most reepectfully of Miss Patterson and her family, he affirmed that the fac.s of the ease bore out the statement found In bis! » that the bad said, ‘If I can be his wife but for one I will run the risk.” He algo pointed to the fact that the | settlements provided for the poesible dissolution of the marrige, thereby indicating a knowledge of the legal ‘objections to the marriage, After Mr. Allon conelndéd, the cause was tn the Ist of Feb for the reply and tho speech of tho Publio Minister. arguments were expected to be Drought to a close on that day, and the judgment would Probably be given a day or two thereafter. The Monizeur contains a decree, ordering the creation of a metal in commemoration of tho expedition to China, which will be bestowed on all thoso who have taken part in tho expedition. The Paris correspondent of the London Herald alludes to ‘a report Sat the French government has instructed envoy, at Berlin, to demand explanations touching the speech of King Willfam to his . A pamphiet was about to appear in Paria, entitled “¢ Pruggia and the Treaties of Vienna.’ The Exaperor is repree nted as the champion of nationalities, and it gives the King of Prussia to understand that if he docs not mind what he is about France may make war upon him im the Grar@ of Posen. The belief was assid) cultivated in Paris that the milit tions in Prussia, professed toaoutt & tho difference ; anty with Denmark, y fora war with France. Pruesia and Austria, it is given out, are on the eve of an anti-French alliance, ‘Saxony and Bavaria will join. The Paris Patric denies the rumor that France had encouraged Denmark to resist the demands of Germany. An important reduction in bee ip charges between France and England was announced for the Ist of Febru- a7, au8, ions were algo to take place throughout ‘ance. The report of M. Troplong, Presidont of the Senate, on the publicity to be given to the debates of the Chambers, recommends that the reports of the short hand writers for the Monileur shall be furnished at the same time to the other papers. eel oe Jead Simtaaty to ned Cae ee on part of Englan: ly to very shortly to ima] modifications . pene in the French navigation laws. rade in France ia repreeented as being confined within the narrowest limits. Paris four market was dull and prices rather lower, Wheat, however, waa un- changed. ‘The Bourse on the 29th was buoyant aud animated, and rentes closed at 68.5, Italy. A fresh circular had been addressed from Gaeta to the Ministers of Francis iJ. at the different courts. It states that the King is resolved to meet to the end all the porils of his position. Advices from Gaeta of the 26th, say tho bombardment still continued with powerful effect from the batteries on the land side. The fleet tomporarily retired aftor ie annet nerrly all tho encase aeons reasonable correspondence y importance} with Gaeta had been discovered nt Noples ) The Spanish frigates quitted Gaeta simtltancously with the French, A despatch of the 20th from Naples says that a fiag of truce was sent on the 27th from Gacta to the Italian fleet. «An Italian steamer immediately proceeded to the fortress, and the fring was afterwards suspended on ‘both sides. Deserters from the Bourbon army speak of a project to surrender Gaeta. Sandry modifications in tho Noapolitan tariff are an- pounced. The export duty on rags is reduced twenty-five per cent, and in the duty on oils thero is also a reduction, The elections of the Italian Parliament had taken place, and were conducted winh order and tranquillity. The number of elections definitely known on tho 28th was two bundred, of which twenty are of the opposition ty. Garibaldi and Poorio have been clocted at japles. ‘The members for Turin aro Cavour Migliotti and Cas- sims. Among the deputies elected in the provinces aro General Oialdint, Admiral Pereano, Goneral Sirtori, Signors Malenolimi, Fabrizzio, Ribetti, Gonoral La: mar mora, Signor Ratazzi, and other satisfactory nams.. Tho results of the clections in Southern italy has not been received. Haron Ricasoli was amongst the members returned for Florence. The latest despatch from Turin, relative to the elec- tions, is dated the 30th, and says:—‘‘The elections for North Italy are now all known. They secure a largo majority to the government. In Lombardy they are beiter than they were last year. The Mazzinian party bes beep completely beaten. The returns from Naples are good. It is calculated that two-thirds of the lected are favorable to the government. The first news from Sicily is very good, Messina, Syracuse and Catania have returned leaders of the moderate party. Crispi has becn defeated at Palermo,”’ Austria. ‘The Indenendence Belize professed to have received con- firmation of ita statement that a verbal eommunication bad been made by Prince Metternich to M. Thouvenel, in which Austria declared that she should consider as a casus bellé with Piedmont an attack by Garibaldi on any point whateoever of the Austrian territory. It is added that Austria expressed the wish to respect Lombatdy, and that M. Thouvenal observed that if, in an oventuaii ty, such as that which Prince Metternich roferred to, the Austrian goverpment employed German federal centin- gente, France would consider that fact a violation of the prinefplo of non intervention, Meesrs. Roobuck and Lever, as the an English company, aro said to havo ofiered to supply Austria with ten steamers armod with rifled cannon, aud ‘Austria is said to have sent a. commission to England to inquire into the matter, Austrian government is said to anticipate out- breaks in Hungary, aad to have made full preparations to suppress them, ives of Prussia. The report that France had demanded explanations on account of the speeches delivered by the King was de- nied in ministerial and diplomatic quarters at Berlin. In the commission appointed by the Russian Chamber of Representatives to indite the address in reply to the royal speech, a Proposition to insert. a paragraph de- aring that the consolidation of Italy was in the interest of ‘Burope, was oat by a majority of ove only—ten nine for. against ar The fh says General do la Marmora’s mis- sion to Berlin ia to reassure Prussin a3 to the intentions of Piedmont with regard to Germany, to indace her to reongnise the posession of Venetia as @ nocessity for Italy, and a danger for Austria and the German Confedo- ration; to make it clear that the two powers, which the one in Germany and the other in Italy represent the principles of constitutional liberty, are the souls of the na- tiopalities to which they belong, and have every reyson for maintrining the most intimate relation of friendship. Also to show that if these overtures were rejected Italy will be forced more than ever to unite herself to France. and to accept al) the consequences of that alliance and the obligations it may entail. Rassia, A deapatch from St. Peterrburg say#:—Tho negotiation between the banks of St. Petersburd and the Bank of France, in reference to the exchange of old for silver, have failed. The Emperor of Russia is said to have re- fused hig sanction at the last moment. Prince Orloff, President of the Ministry and the Council of the Empire, had tendered his resignation on account of A health. "He was temporarily replaced by M. de Cla- ofl. It was reported that the d’armee stationed in the Provinces of Lithunia and Vollrynia were to advance to the frontiers of the empire, and would be replaced by from the intorior of Russia, The soldicrs oa fur- ough had already been recalled, and the formation of 60 corps d’armee on a war footing had boon ordered, which are to be ready on March Ist next; one to marcti to the Pruth, the second to tho frontiers of Poland, and the third to apy other destination that may be required. India China, contain their usual correspondence, anticipated. correspondent of the London Timer, writing at i Kong on the 16th Decomber, frlgute excelloncy Mr. Ward was to sail that day in the fri Niagara. ‘The statement that Lord Figin had gone to Ji is noe confirmed, but sir Hope Grant had gone on a visit to that rt Effects of Affairs in the United 8 bap by ree ok Sa pee ba Our silk factories feel the Ai joan are at i i; ie z i Ef 2: i; 5 i i i l france worth gonda, Jy at Lyons have not nue Saar, Se bales, including 6,000 for speaulation and export. ‘Trade at Manchester is very dull. ‘There was uothiog done yesterday in cloth, and but very littl in yarns, Prices of both were irregular, and a shade lower, LIVERPOOL BREADSTUFFS MARKET. Mesers. Ri Ted, 128. 6d. @ 128. 94.; white Southern, Iée. 2 at 208. a 293. 6d. for extra State; other kinds pominal. Corn in better and closed 6d Detter: mixod, 378. 6d. ; , 5 white : mbnod, OTH, 5 yellow, ‘Be. 8’ S80. 3d; white LIVERPOOL PROVISIONS MARKET. Beef and pork very quiet and ‘unchanged. Bacon in limited demand at 60 a be nae long mid- dies, rib in, Iard slow and notainal at Sis. Odea 608. unchanged. — PRODUCE MARKET. Tallow quiet but er. Sales of common at 40. 1d. a de, LIVER) Rosin rather hig! at tarpent Is. Sugars quiet. Oofioe Rice steady. Sales of Philadelphia tack tee, Ashes dull—Pots 298. Pearls 298, Gd. a 30s. LONDON MARKETS. Breadstufts dull, and both English and foreign wheat r lower. Sugars quiet, and 1a. cheaper, Oof- feo firm. Tea very firm. Rice in limited demand; priees unaltered. Tallow quiet, and a shade lower; Y. O., bow. 6d. Linseed vil, 288. 3d. ’ Scotch pig iron, 498. 0 498. Bd, 8d. foi reported. Cd. THE LATEST NEWS. Lonon, Jan. 31, 1961. The London Daily News city article of Wednesday evening says:—The funds closed about 3y per cont ower, and British railway stocks decidedly higher than yester- day. In discount market the rate for good bills was 0% a7 per cent. Tho London Times city article says—The English funds Closed at a decline of one-cighth per cent in consequence of rather heavy sales for the account and the receipt: of unfavorable quotations from Paris. In the geseral discount market there was a better supply of money, Dut little or no business was done below seven per cent; at tho Bank the applications were ona full scale Oa the Btock Exchange short loans on governmont socurities could be obtained 535 per cent or leas, There wore no transactions in gold at the Bank to-day. The last price from Paris this evening shows a sudden fall of more than three-eighths per cent in the three per oenta, At Bt. Poteraburg on Tuesday the exchange on London fell from 35344. to 35d., being a movement of one-half per cent against Russia. The cause is not stated. ‘The Minister in London of the republic of Niearagug has issued @ notice stating that the President of the re« public and the Legislature will grant extraordinary privi- Jeges to cotton planters. ‘The Iondon and Southwestern Railway traffic shows this week an increase of £621. The Lancashire and Yorkabire increase was reported on the Stock Exchang@ yesterday at about £1,500 over last year. Buller’s Lithographic Sheet confirms the roport of the Empresas having written a most affectionate Ictter to the Queen of Naples, encouraging her to resist. According to the Paris correspondent of tho Londom ‘Times the chances of peace are very fair, if Austria will not be tho aggressor, if Piedmont continues pacific and if Garibaldi remains quiet in his isle. A Liverpool deputation yesterday waited on th Home Secretary concerning the case of Robert Stepben- son, at present confined on board the reformatory frigata Akbar, in the river Mersey. The London Times publishes a list of sixty-nine suecess- ful candidates for admiagion to the Royal Military Acade- my. Woolwich Wostland, the first in order of merit, ia from the University of Aberdeen. x Pans, Jan. 90, 1961. Tho Moniteur announces that a first warning has been given to the Courrier du Dinanche. Tho letter of Count Persigny, Minister of the Interior, in explaining tho roa- sons for this decision, says:—I should betray the inte- rests of the State in tolerating discussions on the prin- ciplo of the Imperial government, and still lees that this principle should be outraged. The Minister adda:—I havé learned that M. Granexe, author of the ar- ticle in question and editor of the Courter du Dimanche, ia aforeigner. Iam astonished that he should have coma here to ingult the institutions of France, I have ordered the Prefect of Police to expel him from France. ‘The Paris Moniteur also announces that the committea for examining the Senate's consultum on the publeation of accounts of the sittings has deckied that these ac- counts muet consist either in a full reproduction of the debates or in an account of the sittings drawn up under the authority of the President of tho Senate. Terry, Jan. 29, 1961. In many places it has been necessary to vote by bal- Jot. In examining the total number of deputive elections elections it appears that one-fifth only of the members Delong to the opposition. The elections in the Neapo- litan and Sicelian provinces have been conducted with order and tranquility. Faparina-Amavyia Jommearsa and Cordora have been elected. Prent, Jan. 90, 1861. Tho General Assembly at Warasdin bas unanimously resolved upon the annexation of Croatia and the regtitu- tion of the Mur Irland to Hungary. THE LONDON MONEY MARKET. Lospos, Jan. 31, 1861. Consols, for money, 915; @ 34; for account, WK a 765 new Throes, 915% - Personal Intelligence. Probably there were never befure collected at on® time together under a ingle roof 0 many men of noe inconnection with American public affairs, eivil, muli- tary and nayal,as are now sojourning at Willard’s im Washington. ‘The list includes nearly all of the Pease Convention. The following named gentiemen arc a few of therh:—Com. Stover. U. 8. N.; Hon. E. Corning, Al- pany; General Garland, U. &. A.; ex-Govornor D. A. Reid, N. .; ex-Governcr J. M. Morehead, N. ©.; Jadge Thos. Ruffin, N.C.; A. Duncan, N. J.; Judge G. W. Boklen, Ohio; General W. 0. Butler, Ky.; Governor ©. ¥. Cleay~ land, Conn. ; Governor W. B. Lawrence, R. I.; Hon. Jas. Guthrie, Ky.; Thurlow Wend, Fsq Abang Hon. Jamos B. Clay, Ky.; Colonel Alexander, N. J.; Com. Stockton, N.J.; ex Governor 8. P. Chase, Ohio; Governor dicks, Md. ; Governor Buckingham, Conn. ; Judge Ames, R. |.; Governor Pollock, Pa,; ex-Governor J. W. Cristield, Md. ; ex-Governor Vroom, N. J.; Professor Weir, West Point; George Bancroft, N. Y.;’ Governor ©. 8. Peden, N. J.; ex-Governor H. Hail General A. B. James, R. 1; ex-Governor Baldwin, Conn; Judge Allen, N. Y.; General Wool, U.S. A.; Major Kintaiimar, U. 8. 'A.; J.J. Wade- worth, N. ¥.; ex-Governor J. A. King, N. ¥.; Dr. J. Fowlkes, Tepn.; € A.; Colonel. Morris, captain Flay, U. U.8. A. Bdwin Croawell, N.Y | exGovernor Winslow, In. . P. Smith, dep . H. Baxter, Vt. The President of the Virginia Convention, Mr. John Janney, of London, is one of the first lawyers of the State, and has long been a noted of its an'i-demo- cratic party. He is a member of the Society of Friends by birth and association. W. H. Benard and wife, of oS " Fee Par- wee, ; W. Hanting- fl. Smith, and ‘imin, of Now JW. Haven, aro stopping at the Lafarge House. Commodore Tatnall, of the United States Navy; Capt. 8. R. Rao and wifo, of West Point; Dr. Tobey, of Provi- of England; C. W. Pleroo, of Bos. and wife, of J. Lilley North Carolina; H.R. Stevens, of Newburg, of Panama, are stopping wieder meee <a R. EB. Hitohoock, of Waterbury; T. E. Tweed; of Danbury; E. Ly ‘wife of Wests " e H. Townsend and H ©. Kingsley, of Now Haven; T. 3. Twoedy, Misses B. of Danbury; T. Da Jt., of Stamford; and A, Ludington, rehilhy We it, Barnna, of Bethel, age sopping