The New York Herald Newspaper, January 20, 1861, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. | WHOLE NO. 8899. THE REVOLUTION. Important News from the South. Projected Seizure of Fort Pick- ens, Pensacola. Volunteers from New Orleans and Mis- sissippi for the Expedition. COL. HAYNE’S LETTER T0 THE PRESIDENT. ‘The Responsibility of Civil War Thrown on the Lincoln Administration. SECESSION OF GRORGIA FROM THE UNION. Call for a State Convention in Missouri. Interesting Reports from South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi and Virginia, ae, Rey ke. IMPORTANT FROM WASHINGTON. THE LETTER OF THE SOUTH CAROLINA COMMISSIONER TO THE PRESIDENT. Wasnineroy, Jan. 19, 1861. Celene] Hayne, of South Carolina, communicated his Jetter to the President to-da; It is not in the shape of a demand, as at first presented, but is couched in moderate and temperate language. He has been induced to this moderation of the ultimatum of South Carolina by the existing State of feeling here among the Southern men. The communication was submitted to and approved by Senators Hunter and Mason, of Virginia, be- fore it was sent to the President. While South Carolina does not yield the position which she first assumed, yet she is disposed to properly appreciate ‘the embarrassed position of the present administration. By this course the responsibility of shedding blood will be thrown upon the incoming administration. ‘The correspondence will be communicated to Congres, the President informing South Carolina, through Colonel Hayne, that he has no power to entertain any propo- Rition of the nature indicated in his note, On the receipt of the communication the President valled an extraordinary session of the Cabinet, at four o'clock, and the session was protracted until a late hour. Despatches from high sources in Charleston show that ‘the authorities there feel diappointed that Lieutenant Talbot, who reached there to-day, did not bring back evidences that the United States government was ready to surrender to their demands at once. A gloom hangs ever the city. Wasincrox, Jan. 19, 1861. ‘The cecession of Georgia creates no great excitement in any circle, It was considered a foregone conclusion, but some surprise is manifested about the course of Alexan- tor H. Stephens, from whom an earnest protest against secession was anticipated. ‘Th? people of Maryland sustain the Governor of that tate in his firm allegiance to the Union. Union meet- ings held in almost every county approve his course, and pronounce against disunion. The association of Minute Men of Baltimore have taken a noble stand in support of Governor Hicks and the Union. This organization, formed about a month before the Presidential election, numbers about thirty-two hundred active members in the city, and is affiliated with kindred organizations in every county in the State. They are divided into companies of sixty-four men each. To their efforts is due the brilliant success of the recent Union meeting in Baltimore. Upon the very day when the forty United States marines were sent to take possession of Fort McHenry, it was intended by the Minute Men to occupy and hold it, until relieved by federal troops, to keep it out of the hands of the reported organization of secessionists, under the name of the “Southern Volunteers.”? If the marines had not arrived at daylight, the Minute Men would have occupied the fort before noon. They have proferred their services to Gen. Scott, to take charge of and protect the United States arsenal, about eight miles from Baltimore. There is no fear of Maryland falling away from the Union while such a spirit prevails among her people ‘The special House Committee of Five, to whom was committed the President’s special Message, has been in active session during the entire week. It is looked upon as the most important and the strongest committee of the House. It will be remembered that the whole tack of presenting measures applicable to the crisis, and making practicable the execution of the laws, was com- mitted to them. They have been diligent, and, it is thought, having matured their purposes, they will be in readiness to report on Monday or Tuesday. Whatever they report will be adopted by the House. So it may be seen of how great consequence their action will be to the future direction which affairs inay take It is a most significant fact that the members to the Convention of Virginia are required to be elected on the 4th of February, a period so early as hardly to admit of this call upon the people of Virginia being even known in some fifty or sixty counties situated in the remote and mountainous regions of the State. At this season the inhabitants of those sparsely peopled counties are blockeG up by snows two or three feet deep. This call for an expreselon of the popular opinion of Virginia seems to have been designedly made in such a manner as to ex clude the western, or more Union loving portion of the State, from any voice in the Convention about to meet at Richmond. ‘The Senate to-day considered the admission of Kansas Snto-the Union, Senator Green using all his parliamentary skill to keep her out, but he was beaten at every point. Various amendments were voted down. One relative to the judiciary is still likely to prevail. This is to retain Judge Pettis. The final vote will be taken on Monday, when Kansas will be admitted. It is reported that the injunction of secresy is to be re- moved from the proceedings in yosterday’s executive eession on Mr. Holt’s nomination, during which Mesers. Crittenden, Douglas, Davie, Wigfall, Yulee and others participated in debate. Mr. Crittenden’s speech is pro- nounced the cap sheaf of eloquence in behalf of the Unien. Mr. Douglas was prominent among the debaters ‘on the came side ‘The House passed the Army bill to-day, appropriating ten millians of dollars, and then passed the California ‘War Dobt bill, providing for the payment of four millions of dollar, one million less than was claimed in the origi nal bill, dt is a questiongwhether the last named biil lips through the Senate -as easy as it did through the House. The twet surprised every one. The DeGcianey bill, with amendments from the Senate, ‘will be commidored in the House on Monday or Tuesday and tho debate will not close upon it until it passes. ‘Mr. Etheridge will make another attempt on Monday #0 introduce his compromise resolutions. Mr. Otero, the representative from Now Mexico, js in at the aspersions cast upon his Territory and poople by a New York republican paper, and reiterated in Congress bY & republican loader, and will publish « fetter to the public in reply, explanatory of aftuirs in New Mexico, and showing the extent the people of that Territory bave been misrepresented by interes cd par. bene Private despatches Srom California report that ihe SUNDAY MORNING, JANUARY 20, 1861. PRICE TWO CENTS. cha f Joseph McKibben beng elected Uv ited States Senator are becoming brighter. A commission is about to be despatched to Capada to negotiate with that government for @ more perfect under. standing relative to our commercial relations. A Railroad Committee, composed of the Presidents of all the leading roads in the Nortb, including the Grand Trunk, meet at Willard’s Hotel, in this city, on Monday next. It is understood to have reference to some gene- ral arrangement about freights, and also to fix upon some schedule for the transportation of cotton on a moderate basis, with a view of securing it for the Northern roads. IMPORTANT FROM NEW ORLEANS. CONTEMPLATED ATTACK ON FORT PICKENS. New Orvgans, Jan. 17, 1861. Major Chase has telegraphed the Mayor of New Orleans for two thousand men to take Fort Pickens, at Pensacola. The Mayor responded that the men could be raised in two days if Florida would equip them. The Governor telegraphed for them to come to-night, when the Military Board, will make provisions for raising and arming the men. Meetings will be called tomorrow. The highest excitement prevails throughout the city. Three hundred men are on the way to Pensacola from Mis- sissipppi. If the President does not order the surrender of Fort Pickens great carnage will enue. New ORtEANS, Jau. 19, 1861. Pilots at Pensacola are notified not to bring in United States vessels, under the penalty of death. Washington despatches intercepted are in the hands of Florida officers of the State forces. They number nearly one thousand, Lieut. Slimmer, commanding Fort Pickens, is expected to surrender. The Florida forces have twenty-five heavy guns mounted, and can take Fort Pickens with a loss of three hundred men. Preference is now given at New Orleans to New York ships over otter Northern or foreign vessels. A despatch yesterday reports a ship ashore fifteen miles east of Fort Pickens. It ig supposed to be the United States ship Supply. ‘The ship Supply sailed on the 15th from Pensacola for New York, with the officers of the Navy Yard. ‘The steamer of war Crusader had arrived at Havana on the 15th. IMPORTANT FROM GEORGIA. PASSAGE OF THE SECESSION ORDINANCE BY THE STATE CONVENTION. MILLEDGEVILLE, Ga. Jan. 19, 1861. The State Convention adopted the secession ordinance at two o'clock this afternoon by yeas 208; nays 89. It is as follows:— An ordinance to dissolve the union between the State of Georgia and other States united with her under the compact of government entitled the constitution f the United States. We, the people of the State of Georgia, in Convention assembled, do declare and ordain, and it is hereby de- clared and ordained, that the ordinances adopted by the people of the State of Georgia in Convention in 1788, whereby the constitution of the United States was as- sented to, ratified and adopted, and also all acts and parts of acts of the General Assembly ratifying and adopting amendments to the said constitution, are hereby repealed, rescinded and abrogated. And we do further declare and ordain that the Union now subsisting between the State of Georgia and other States, under the name of the United States, is hereby dissolved, and that the State of Georgia is in full posses- sion and exercise of all those rights of sovereignty which belong and appertain to a free and independent State, A motion to postpone the operation of the ordinane> until the 3d of March was lost by about thirty majority. Alexander H. Stephens and Herschel V. Johnson ar» among those who voted against the ordinance. A resolution was adopted to continue the present postal and revenue system until it shall be ordered otherwise; also to continue all the civil federal officers. The ordinance of secession was ordered to be engrossed on parchment, and to be signed on Monday at noon. Mitiepcevi1e, Jan. 19, 1861—9 P. M. The Convention bas been in secret session nearly all day. Ben. Hill introduced a substitute for the secession or- dinance, but it was lost, Subsequently be voted for the ordinance, declaring as he did 0 that as Georgia had de. termined for eecession he would share her fate for weal or woe. Judge Linton Stephens said that while he approved of the ordinance he saw no reason for its adoption now. He therefore would not vote for or sign it. Unusual demonstrations of approbation are being made here to-night in honor of the adoption of the ordinance of secession, including the firing of canuon, the letting off of sky rockets, the burning of torches and music and speeches. NEWS FROM CHARLESTON. Cnaruestow, Jan, 19, 1861. Lieutenant Talbot arrived here last night with gloomy tidings. ‘The Governor and the members of his Cabinet were in consultation the greater part of last night on the intel. ligence communicated by Lieut, Talbot. A white flag came from Fort Sater this morning. The object of it is said to be to demand that South Caro. lina cease erecting fortifications. Lieut, Davis and four soldiers from Fort Sumter are in the city, The soldiers are witnesses in a murder case, Lieut. Davis is out on parole, He is being entertained by his friends, and drinks toa peaceable settlement of the present unhappy difficulty. Fort Sumter is now allowed to obtain fresh provisions in the city of Charleston IMPORTANT FROM ALABAMA. Moxtoomery, Ala., Jan, 19, 1861 The House passed to-day a bill to provide against the invasion of the State by sea, It makes pilots liable to fine and imprisonment who bring foreign vessels iuto the harbor of Mobile, and authorizes the commander of Fort Morgan to destroy the beacon and landmarks at his dis. cretion. : A resolution was also passed to make a contract for the construction of a telegraph line to Point Clear, in order to effect a more rapid communication witly Fort Morgan. It is understood that Mr. Hooper, of the Mail, will be a candidate for Clerk of the Southern Congress. He is warmly supported by the scorssionists here. It is impossible to get any information of the secret proceedings of the Convention. THE LOUISIANA CONVENTION. New Ontxas, Jan, 19, 1861. Two-thirds of the cleoted delegates 10 the Louisiana Gopyebtion are Kevgneionia te THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY. New Onveas, Jan, 19, 1861. The Committee on the Confederacy of the Missippi Legislature bas reported resclutious to provide for a Southern confederacy, and to establish a provisional government for seceding States and Staces hereafter seceding. The proposed Southern Convention will meet at Montgomery on the 4th of February. THE VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE. Riaiwoxp, Jan, 19, 1861. In the the consideration of the report on federal relations contemplating a national convention, was resumed. The second resolution in the report was amended by appointing John Tyler, Wm. C. Rives, John W. Brockene brough, George W. Summer and James A, Seddon, com missioners to Washington on the fourth of February, to meet commissioners from other States. The ifth resolntion was amended by modifying Mr. Crittenden’s proposition; so as to give additional protec tion and security to slave property. The sixth resolution w: Tyler a Commissioner to wait on the President of the United States, and Judge John Robertson a Commissioner to South Carolina and the other seceding States, to re quest them to abstain from hostile acts during the pendency of proceedings. The report was then passed by ayes 40, nays 5. Mr. Bruce offered the following: — Resolved, That if all efforts to reconcile the differences between the two sections of country shall prove abor tive, then every consideration of honor and interest de. mands that Virginia shall unite her destinies with her sister slaveholding States. This resolution was adopted unanimously. Mr. Srvanr offered as a basis of adjustment a measure contemplating the withdrawal of the trust in regard to the Territories from the hands of Congress, and provid: ing for an equitable partition of the Territories between the slaveholding and non-slaveholding States by an amendment of the constitution; also ‘iding that the States created out of the Territory north and south of 86 deg. 30 min. shall be admitted «with or without sla- very’ us their constitutions may ordain. Ordered to be printed. The House concurred in the amendments of the Senate Senate above given. Mr. Seppoy then offered the following:— Resolved, That the Interests of Virginia are those of her Southern sisters, and no reconstruction of the Union can be permanent which will not secure to each section self-protecting power against any invasion of the federal Union upon the reserved rights of either. Fhis resolution was adopted. THE MISSOURI LEGISLATURE. Sr. Louis, Jan. 19, 1861. The House Convention bill was slightly amended by the Senate yesterday, in which the House concurred, aud the Dill finally passed. The amendment reads thus:—‘No act, ordinance or resolution shall be valid to change or dissolve the political relations of this State to the govern- ment of the United States or any other State, until a ma- jority of the qualified voters of the State shall ratify the same.” Mr. Russell, Commissioner from Mississippi, made a strong secession speech before a joint session of the Legislature last night. © "THE NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. ‘TRENTON, Jan. 19, 1861. The majority of the joint committee on national affairs reported a series of resolutions to the Senate, fully en- dorsing the Crittenden resolutions, and instructing the Senators of the State in Congress, and requesting the re- presentatives to support them. They will be discussed next week and passed by both houses no doubt. The committee also call upon Congress to order a national Con vention in case Crittenden’s or similar measures are not speedily adopted. THE MASSACHUSETTS ABOLITIONISTS 1N TROUBLE. WENDELL PHILLIPS, THE ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY GOVEKNOR ANDREW AND MAYOR WIGHTMAN. Boston, Jan. 19, 1861. Wendell Phillips is announced to speak here to-morrow evening, The Anti-Slavery Society asked the protection of Mayor Wightman, who refused to protect Phillips, but assured the Society that the pease of the city should b maintained, The Society then sought the protection of Governor Au drew, who sent his aids to see what the Mayor proposed todo. The Mayor replied to them that he would main tain the peace of the city; that ifa disturbance took place in the hall it would be cleared, and that if there were indications of a row before the ball doors were opened he would haye the ball closed. Protection bas been asked for the annual anti-slavery meeting to be held next week, but it was refused. WHIRTY-SIXTH CONGRESS, GECOND BESSION. Senate. Wasnixetox, Jan, 19, 1861. THE RED RIVER RAPT pI Mr. Jonxso, (opp.) of Ark., urged immediate action impoged on all articles which paesed over the thirty mile raft. Mr. Tremnvtt, (rep.) of Ml, desired that the yi be postponed toa more convenient bour, so that Senators might come fully prepared to discuss it Mr. Masox, (opp.) of Va., was in favoP of the bill, He moved to specially asgign it for Thursday next, at half past twelve o'clock. Mr. moved to ‘Thursday, which was carried, ‘THE CRITTENDEN ADJUSTMENT. Mr. Bicier, (opp.) of Pa., presettted a memorial from Pennsylvania in favor of Mr. Crittenden’s propositions. THE ST. TOUTS ARSENAL Mr. Pour, (opp.) of Mo., moved to take up the bill for the removal of the arseual at St, Louis and to sell the grounds. Mr. Tuomsox, (opp.) of N. J., presented a memorial of citizens of New Jersey in favor of Crittenden’s proposi. JouNson, make it one o'clock on LATHAM presented a petition from residents of Cal . praying for the establisnment of a mail ronte be Los Angelos and San Diego rred to the Committee on Post Oftices and Roads GRIMES, (rep a, questing the Secretary of the Navy to furnish the with an estimate of the expense of the building of a steel or iron gunboat of a cxpacity and armament of the United States gunboat Iroquois. YOREIGN VESSELS AT CHARLESTON, Mr. Sunen, (rep.) of Mass, called up his resolution of \esterday in reference to foreign vessels in the port of (harieston, and it was adopted. PROCKEDINGS OF PUBLIC MEETINGS, Mr. Pox presented the resolutions of the public meet jog at St, Louis on the state of the Union and the adjust ment of the present difficulties. ir. SEWARD, (rep.) of N. ¥ cided to receive the proceedings @ majority of the Senate agreed, they were in a minority REORGANIZATION OF TRE MILITARY ACADEMY Mr. Foor, (rep.) of Vt., introduced a bill for the reor- ganization of the United States Military Academy at West Point. It has been prepared by the West Point Commis- sion metituted at the last session of Congress. Ordered to a vecond reading and to be printed, and referred to the Military Committee. ‘THE PACIFIC RAILROAD. Mr. Bexsawiy, (opp.) of La., presented the petition of W. C. Jewett opposing the Pacific Railroad bill, because he is oppored to @ national debt. First, because the Union question is paramount thereto; second, because of the injustice of adding one hundred millions to the national debt in a time of revolution, third, because Pike’s Peak as a midile State will in time secure a rail- road, thereby preserving a state of independent improve- ment and preventing @ national debt; fourth, because in the preservation of the Union, with its rich resources, the country haa an ample future for its developement. SUSPENSION. OF LAWS IN SECEDING STATIS, Mr. Masox introduced a joint resolution in relation to the suspension of certain Jaws in States separating from the Union, as follows — Whereas, it appears to Cofttresa that the State of South Carolina bas, oan ordinance of 7 DEORE Of that oS Convention assembled, deciared the Stave sremn ts United States and the government thereof, as esta ue der the constimtion; and it further that by redsom of euch declared separation there are no oflicers of the United States acting under the authority thereof in the judiciary de- partment of thie ment, or under the laws far the col lection of the revenus of the United St ‘and in ‘of the United States are in said in 1860 it wae de. ‘of public meetings when but to reject them when consequence whereof the law fact suspended wil of maid States therefore, to avoid any hostile colision that may arise between the author! les of the United States and the State of South Carolina, iloresaid, in any attempt to execute the laws of the United States in the absence of the officers required by law to minister and execnte said laws, Be it Resolved, By the Senate and House of Represeniatives, that from after the passage of thie joint resolution, all e {the United Btairs directing the mode in which 't navy, and of the United States # yen forers reaideul of We Vulled Bin my Aiing OG ) be mad @ eer * | trie J of ry ci N kee, Fr provi N Jato the report of the Committee on Federal Relations, as bull | Ir, F P on the Red River Raft bill. He said heavy duties were Vanthorities in executing the laws aud authorizing the ate, &Hd all laws for the collection ot re the sime are hereby waa State of South Carel vi ade to appear b any other 8 : passed by t Separate rrr the Pr Moperalive in fe, and that shove a@npounce sucha » laws of the United suspended and rendered vsiad jon Was passed to a second reading eparation Ly proglamation Staies shall in lke manner b inoperative in such State « ‘This joint ree and ordered a Pending the bill for the sale of the St. Louis arsenal, the Ci aikNAN announced that the hour for taking up the special order, the Kansas bill, had arrived. Mr. Fiten, Ind., called up bis amendment, that from and after the admission of the State of Kansas the laws of the United states which are not locally imap: plicable Lave the n the State as any other States; that th stituted a judicial dis trict, with an established District Court, with powers 0 jurisdiction asa District Court of the United States for the district of Minnesota; that the Judges, District Attor hey, aud Marshal of the United states that reside in the distriot of Karsas shall be entitled to the same compen sation as those of the district of Minuesc ha, in al cases of an eal or Writ of error heretolore prosecuted and now pending in the Supreme Court of the United States upen any record from the Supreme Court of Kansas Ter- ritory, the mandate, execution or order, if further pro CCCHIDES are Lecesmary, shall be directed’ by the Supreme | Court of the United States to the District Court of the United States for the district of Kansas, as the nature o | such appeal or writ of error may require; that each o these courts shall be the successor of the Supreme Cour Kangas Territory as to all such cases, with full power to hear and determine the same and award the tinal pro- cess therein; that the Judge of the District Court for the district of Kansas sball hold two regular terms annually at the seat of government in the second Monday of April and Vetober of each year. | Mr. Frew made a motion for a vote on adding bis | amendment to the bill, which resulted as follows:— | Yeas—Messrs, Bayard, Benjamin, Bigler, Bragg, Bright, | Clingman, Cnitenden, ’ Pitch, Green, Gwin, Hemptull, Hunter, Iverton, Jghhsen of Johnson nessee, Lane, Mason, Nicholeon, Polk, Powell, 1 Suulsbury, Sebastian, Thomson, Wigtall—20, Nays—Me: Anthony, Haker, Bingham, llamer, Dixon, Bookttle, Dougi re, Chandler, Clark, Go! ee, Fessenden, Foot, Foster, Grimes, KK Morrill, Seward, Simi Sumner, Te a Wade, Wilkinson, Wilson—27. After a short debate, Mr. H, Copp.) of Ohio, moved that the Senate reconsider the vote ou disagreeing to the amendment proposed by Mr. Green. The vote resulted ‘as follows: — Yas Moser Bayard, Benjamin, Bragy, Bright Cling | man, Fitch: Green, Heaophiiy Huntes, Jonegou of Arkansas Johnson of Tennessee, Kennedy Lane, Mason, Nicbolson Volk, Powell, ugh, Rice, Saulsbury, Sebastian, Wigtall—22- Navs—Mesers, Anthony, Baker, Bigler, Bingham, Cameron, Chandler, Clark, Collainer, Crittenden, Dixon,’ Doolittle, Douglas, Durkee, Fessenden, Foot, F i King, Latham, ‘Morrill, Seward, Simmons, Sumner, Ten Eyck, Trumbull, Wade, Wilkinson’, Wilson—29, Mr. SAUISBURY, (Opp.) of Del., moved the Senate ad- journ, | Yeas—Messry. Bayard, Benjamin, Bragg, Bright, Clingman, Fiteb, Green, Hemphill, Hunter, Johnson of Arkansas, Lane, Mason, Nicholeon, Volk, Powell. Rice, Saulsbury, Sebastian, Thomson, Wigfall—20 Nays —Mesers, Authony, Baker, Bigler, Bingham, Cameron, Chandler, Clark, Collamer Crittenden, Dixon,’ Doolittle, Douglas, Durkee, Fessenden, Foot, Foster Grimes, Hale, Harlan, Johnson ‘of Tennessee, Kennedy, King, Latham, Mreil, Pugh, Seward, ‘Simmons, Sumner, ‘Ten Byek, Truu* ull, Wade, Wilkinson, Wilson—33, Mr. GReEN, moved to amend the bill by inserting, “that before this act shall take effect the people of Kansas shall, by a vote at such times and places as the legislature by law shall order, assent to the provisions of this act, or that until the convention of delegates thus assent, which delegates may be elected by qualified electors as the | territorial Legislature directs, including, however, tho | whole territory embraced in the limits herein prescribed | us the boundaries of the State of Kansas.” | ‘Mr. Grey called for a vote on the amendment, which | resulted—ayes 21, nays 32. | After farther debate, at four o'clock, Mr. Powe (opp.) moved the Senate adjourn. Grimes called for a vote on the motion, which was lost—by yeas 18, nays 20. ‘An amendment was made toadd to the old vill a pro. Vision for the temporary government of the Territory of Jefferson. After further debate Mr. Camenoy, (rep.) of Pa., at twenty minutes past four o'clock P. M., moved to adjourn, Mr. Wane, (rep.) Of Ohio, called for’ a v tion, The motion was lost by—yeas 21, nays 28S Mr. Haun, (rep,) of N. H.; obtained leave to present a resolution that the Secretary of the Navy be instructed to {nform the Senate whether bo las -acceptod, either with or without conditions, any draft or orders, or requests to pay money to the Chiriqui Improvement Company and A. W. Thompson, or either of them, or any one ele for | them or either of Uxem, and if so the dates and amounts | of such acceptance. Mr. Gueay said he was ready to inflic speeeh. Mr. Cawmroy.—Jet us pass the bil! on Monday at half. past twelve P. M., without offering amendment. I reco much in-struetion yesterday by what the learned Senator | said, and if Tam kept bere tonight am afraid I shal | the thread of the discourse. Let us adjourn now things be decided on Monday. Tagain move to adjourn After further debate, on motion of Mr, Puan, the Son | ate adjourned at five P.M. \ | | mes, Harlan, of Ky Mi eon the mo a four bour | House of Representatives. Wastuxetoy, Jan. 19, 1861 The Army bill was passed. The bill providing for the payment of the California 1 State, to commence on | © | coups de main, As to regular ap} | degeription of ‘forced levie aeney. From asense of propriety, a8 a soldier, T have taken no partim the pending canvass, and, as atways heretotere, mean to stay away trom the polls. My syn r,are with the Beil and Everett ticket. have had no communication what yondirect, and ba’ 0 rectllection of ever his person; bys cannot believe any uncon ce or breach of law is to be apprehended of an early hess prelininary to secession, viz. : the seizure ‘of seme or all of the following posts:—Forts Jackson and St. Philip, in the Mississippi, below New Orleans, both without garrisons; Fort Morgan, below Mobile, without a garrison; Forts Pickens and MeRee, Pensacola harbor, with an insufficient garrison for one.’ Fort Pulaskd, below Savannah, without a garrison; Forts Moultrie and Sumter, Charleston harbor, the former with an iusutlicient garri ron, and the latter without any; aud Fort Monroe, Hamp. ‘on roads, without a sufficient garrison, In my opinion all these works should be immediately so garrisoaed as to. make any attempt to take any oue of them, by surprise or coup de main, ridiculous. With an army faithful to its allegiance, and the nayy probably equally so, and ‘with a federal Executive, for t next twelve months of firmness and moderation, which he country has a right to expect—moderation being an element of power not less than firmness—there is good reason to hope that the dauger of secession may be made to pass away without one contlict of arms, one execution | or one arrest for treason. In the meantime it is suggested that exports should re- main as free as at present; all duties, however, on im. ports, collected (outside of the cities), a8 such’ receipts would be needed for the national debt, invalid pensions, &c., aud only articles contraband of war be refused ad. mittance. But even this refusal would be unnecessary, as the foregoing views eschew the idea of invading a ed Stat WINFIELD SCorr. OcroukR 29, 1860. Lieutenant General Scott's respects to the Secretary of War to say:— That a copy of his ‘‘Views,” &c., was despatched to the President yesterday, in great haste; but the copy intend- ed for the Secretary, better. transcribed, (herewith) was not in time for the mail. Genera! Scott would be happy if the latter could be substituted for the former. It will be seen that the “Views” only apply to a case of secession that makes agap in the present Union. The falling off (Say) of Texas, or of all the Atlantic States from the Potornac South, was not within the scope of General Scott's provisional remedies. It is his opinion that instructions should be given at once to the commanders of the Barancas, forts Moultrie and Monroe, to be on their guard against surprises and nothing can be said or done, at this time, without volunteers. ‘There is one (regular) company at Boston, one here (at | the Narrows), one at Pittsburg, one at Augusta, Ga., and one at Baton Rouge—in all five companies only, within reach to garrison or reinforce the forts mentioned in the ews.”? eneral Scott is all solicitude for the safety of the Union, He is, however, not without hope that all dan. gers and diffichlties will pass away without leaving @ sear or painful recollection behind. ‘\he Secretary’s most obedient servant, OcToRRR 30, 1860. . 8. * In forts or on board ships-of-war. The great aim and object of this plan was to gain time—say eight or ten months—to await expected measures of conciliation on the part of the North, and the subsidence of angry feel- ings in the opperite quarter SOUTH CAROLINA. OUR CHARLESTON CORRESPONDENCE. Crartestoy, Jan. 16, 1861 The Mysterious Negotiations of Messrs. Hayne and Hall— What People Think on the Subject—Vigor of the Military Movements—The Misrepresentations of the State of Things in Charleston—Inconsistencies of the Republican State ments—Tthe Real Condition of Affairs— Unity of Senti ment in the State—How a South Carolina Volunteer Looks—John Mitchal’s Som in the State Service, doe, bc. Everybody here is on the qui vive to-night to know the result of the joint mission of Hayne and Hall to Wash. ington. The generally received opinion is, that their errand was designed to save the necessity, on the part of the State, of taking Fort Sumter by assault. But people | think that the presence of General Scott, the “power be. hind the throne,”’ in Washington will prevent any such consummation, and that the question will now very soon resolve itself into a matter of steel and gunpowder. Whatever be the upshot of the negotiations (andgn all probability we shall know before this letter can reach you), it is certain that the military preparations have not relaxed for a moment. The transportation of ordnance to exposed points, the strengthening of the earthworks and the constant and zealous drilling of the | citizen soldiery shows that, if tne people of the State hope for peace, they are also determined to be prepared for war. It is a poor game that the black republican and aboli tion papers are playing, to endeavor to bolster up the courage of their party by frightful pictures of want and suffering in South Carolina, The people here are a good deal amused by the marvellous abolition quotations of Charleston family marketing, the elaborate and detailed of troops,” the “general disatfoction of the people,” the “only forty day's provi war debt, amounting to $500,000, for suppressing Indian hostilities, was passed. ‘The House considered private bits. Mr. Fonexce, (opp.) of Pa., presented a petition of citizens of Philadelphia praying for the adoption of the | Crittenden propositions Messrs. Hanns, of Md., Cummess, of Va., of Ind., presented similar memorials. Mr. Fronexcr: gave notice that he will on Monday offer an amendment 10 the report of the Committee of Thirty three, 60 as to give the House an opportunity of consider. ing the Crittenden compromise. Adjourned at an early hour. yd Horman, Some allusions ade to U per, both in the public prints niblic Kpeeches and some misapprehension of racter having thereby got abroad, we have obtained a copy of it for Pablication, in order that our readers may eee what it is They will ‘find in it a frexh evidence of the General’s devotion to his country forecast asa soldier — VIEWS SUGGESTED BY THE IMMINENT DANGER (OCTO- , 1860) OF A DISRUPTION OF THE UNION S810N OF ONE OR MOR y THE SOUTH. To save time, the right of secession may be conceded, and wstantly balanced by the correlative right, on the part of the federal govertment, againstan interior State or States, to re-establish if necessary, its former continuity of territory y's Moral aud Politi ilosophy , last chapter But break this glorious Union by whatever that political madarss may contrive, a nio hope of reuniting the fragments tion and despotism ot the sword the intestine wars of our jean neighbors wou! comparison with ours, sink into mere child's play A smaller evil would be low the fragments of the great republic to form themselves into new confedera bly four. of demarcation between the new Unions drawn in advance, but many of may. Thus, looking to natur Al affinities, some of the follow waverings and conflicts, might ‘dged and fixed: — the Chesapeake bay to the lund along the crest of the Alle ghany (perhaps the Blue Ridge) range of mountains to coast of Florid The line from northwest, which ‘The crest of the ne or lines them approximately boundaries and com ing. frontiers, afver perhaps become ac 1 th at it will be most difficult to settle. 4. Rocky Mountains. ‘The Southeast confedera: all human proba bility, in lese than five years after the rupture find itselt bounded by the first and second lines indicated above, the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico, with its capital at say Columbia, south Carolina, The country between the | second, third and fourth of these lines would, beyond a doubt, in about the game time constitute another confe- racy, with its capital at, probably, Alton or Quincy, Illi- nois. The boundaries of the Pacilic Union are the most | definite of all, and the remaining States would constitute the Northeast confederacy, with its capital at Albany. It, at the firet thought, will be considered strange that | seven slaveholding States and parts of Virginia and Flori- da should be placed (above) in a new confederacy with Ohio, Indians, Hlinoig, &. But, when the overwhelming | weight of the great Northwest is taken in connection with | the iaws of trade, contiguity of territory and the compa- | rative indifference to free soil doctrines on the part of | Western Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee and Missouri it is evident that but Le if any coercion, bo; moral force, would be needed io embrace them; ard | have omitted the temptation of the unwasted public | Jonds which would fall entirely to this confederacy—an appanage (well husbanded) suflicient for many - ticos. As to Missouri, Arkansas and Mississippi, they would not stand out a month, Louisiana would coalesce without much solicitation, and Alabama, with West Flo- rida, would be conquered the first winter, from the #bso- lute need of Pensacola for a naval depot. if 1 might presume to addrees the South, and particu. larly dear Virginia—being native here and to the manner vor nh—I would affectionately ask, will not your slaves be lose secure and their labor less profitable under the new crcer of things than under the old? Could you employ m fitably two hundred slaves in all Nebraska, or five urdred in all New Mexico? The it, then, to take rca be a barren right. And is it pot whe fae Doar the ille we bave ly to othors that we not of ? ‘The Declaration of Independence proclaims and conse- crates the game maxim:— ‘Prudence, indeed, will dic- {ate that governments long id not be changed for light and transient causes.” And Paley, too, lays down asa fondamental maxim of statesman. ship, “never to pursue national honor as distinct from national interest,” but adds:—This rule acknowl that it is often necessary to assort the honor of # nation for the sake of ite interests.”’ aon excitement that threatens secession is caused ‘ROME Proapesh OF @ Fepudlignn's cipytiom Yo Hap gions’ story, and a score of other ingenious fabrications | which are too ridiculous to need any contradiction here. 1 | heard a gentleman remark today, that judging by ac- counts manufactured North it would be difficult to under | stand who are the rulers in Charleston. One day we are told that the aristocratic slave drivers are riding rough | shed over the “people’’ who are afraid to speak out their real sentiments; and the next issue of the same paper informs us gravely that the same “people” (in this case called, by Way of variety, ‘‘the mob,””) are rushing fran tically’ up and down the streets pillaging the property of the ‘discomfited aristocrats, aforesaid and, singu. larly igh, doing the very things which the day before they were reported as haying been forced most reluctantly by the “reckless leaders’’ to do. Oue paper, which has an original turn, is not satisfied with these reciprocal familiarities of the mob and the leaders, tells us that Governor Pickens himself has sent a communication to a distinguished United States army officer to ‘save hit from the fury of the mob,’ which the army officer, with characteristic gallantry, scornfully declines doing. T do not know whether intelligent people at the North believe the half of these pleasant fables, but if, relying upon their truth, the Wide Awakes, who are so gallantly resolving upon maintaining a Union already broken up, hope to come hither and find disaffection or disor any kind in the Palmetto rapks, they will find ther wefully mistaken. The same pries which s Star of the West reeling from our harbor will belc! the first unweleome contradiction of so pleasant a de- lugion ‘The truth is that general trade is stagnant her stagnant everywhere, North and South ‘The obstructions to navigation will for a tim the shipping interest. But otherwise there is no special suffering or want among any clas# of people in the State. The suspension of the banks hax relieved the mouey pressure to a considerable and by ping the flow of gold from t alts has ‘en: tuem to maintain their strong position, All kinds marketing and provisions are very plentiful at moder tes, and the on y article of which there is likely to ‘ary scarcity is coal. The price of this artic! nthe last mouth, but there enty of iton hand; and even if the supply should be altogether cut off, with our mild climate and boundless piney woods, we should not be so miserable, after all By the by, it is said that Major Anderson is worse having neither coal nor wood, and is burning up tl | woodwork of Fort Sumter to k victuals for the soldiors. A8 for the gentiment among our people, it may | be trnly said of them, “Their swords are a thousand— their bosoms are one.” The outside pressure of Norther: lone sufficed to knit them toget ty Not 4 single mon has yet bi drafted in South Carolina, The volunteer regiments are all full, and there is not a company of the stalwart red shirted backwoodsmen, who are pouring in by every train, that numbers less than a hundred inembers. By , the peculiar uniform of most of these compa nies, ws Contrasted with the “fuss and rr’ style prevalent among volunteers in other States, is thy of notice. They wear mostly plain pants and jackets of homespun, serviceable stuif, and alinost entirely devoid of decorative trimming. Their head cover ing is either the light epi of the French army or a brown abolitionism has ‘one common purpose. | slouch, tucked up at the side with the now famous blue cockade, A more picturesque but equally simple uniform very much in vogue here, is black pants, top boots an red flannel shirt, a la Garibaldi, This, with the rifle and cross belts, and the ever present revolver at the waist will give you an idea of the tout ensemble of a South Caro: lina volunteer Thear that a son of John Mitebell, the Irish patriot, has applied for and received a commission in the regular army of South Carolina, He is now down at the forts iu the active service of the State, AFFAIRS IN CHARLESTON. Tho Augusta (Ga.) Sentinel publighes the folowing ex tract from a letter received from a prominent and well informed gentleman in Charleston, under date of the 11th inet. —We haye no fear of a bombardment, Fort sumter cannot reach the city with shot or shell. There have been several vessels sunk on the bar, and no large vessel of war can get in our waters. They may land troops. If they do we can take care of them. That’s just what we want, to get them on shore, No panic here; no one leaving the city, or anything of the kind, There is no need of drafting, and will be none; more volunteers are offering than we know what to do with, Ono of the Edgetield companies would have been refueed if we had known it before they left. Six ready in Abbeville, and only one taken, Kégefleld bas more than {uraished her quota, VIRGINIA. GOVERNOR LETCHER'S MESSAGE TO THE SENATE ON NEW YORK MELITARY AID. ‘The following communication from Governor Letcher, tranemitting ings of the Legislature of the State of New York, accompanied by his views thereon, was received in the Virginia Renate ‘The Meseage was |, a8 follows:— Execttvk DePARTMENT, Rienwonp, Jan. 17, 1861. GENTLEMEN OF THR SENATE AND Housk oF Deum aThe— 1 bave received @ communication from his Execl {OONUINVED ON EIGHTH PAGk.) HEALTH OF THE METROPOLIS. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CITY INSPECTOR, Decrease of the Aggregate Mor- tality on Previous Years. Enormous Per Centage of Infantile Mortality ag Compared with that of Adults, Failure of the Registration Law, and Necessity of Fresh Legislation. STREET CLEANING. THE CONTRACT SYSTEM BAD. Shameful Condition of the City Markets, Tenement Houses, Slaughter Houses, Sewerage and Drainage. Vaccination—Swill Milk—The Sale of Poisons, Re, Cory Inspector's Derartaeyr, New Yorx, Jan. 17, 1861. To THe HoxoRaBie mmx Common CouNct. or mm Crry of New York: GeyriemeN—In conformity with the requirements of the ordinance organizing the ‘‘Departments of the munis cipal government of the city of New York,’ I havo thé honor herewith to transmit the annual report of thig department for the year 1860, containing, as will b@ found in the tables annexed, the number of deaths in the city, the diseases, sex, nativity, color and ages, during that year; algo the number of births and marriages ree ported to this department for the same period. Attached is a statistical report from the Superintens dent of Sanitary Inspection, and also a report from th Registrar of Records awd Statistics of this department, Very respectfully, your obedient servant, DANL. E. DELAVAN, City Inspector, REPORT. The returns at this office show that during the year 1860 there were 4,241 marriages, 12,454 births an@ 22,710 deaths. ‘The discrepancy in the number of marriages and birth: for the past year, compared with the year 1859, will be alluded to in another part of this report. With the exception of an epidemic which prevailed during the summer months, in the form of scarlet fevers and which during the brief period of its prevalence ine creased largely the bills of mortality, the city has beem unusually healthy, while a constant vigilance has beem observed by this department to protect the same to tha full extent of the powers invested in it, The number of immigrants arriving in this city from foreign ports from January 1 to December 31, 1860, were 104,000. The per centage of those remaining im this city after their arrival cannot be accurately ascer- tained, but is estimated at fifty per cent. In arriving a6 the average rate of the mortality of the city the meang for a correct estimate are now placed within owr reacke from the census recently completed. These returns show a population of 814,264. The mortality of the past year being 22.710, shows an apparant increase in the deaths of the city over 1859 of 1,065; but when the increase of our population for that period is taken into account, wa have an actual decrease in our death list. For farther particulars upon this subject, and for valuable informa~ tion, including the causes of deaths for the year 1860, L would respectfully call your attention to the annexed lettor from the chief officer of the Bureau of Records and Sta- tistics copnected with this department. For want of official data of the mortality of London for 1860 we are unable to compare the health of that city with our own during the year, but from the ecanty and imperfect materials before us, the difference either way cannot be very great. With the city of Paris the comparison bears equally fa- vorable; and compared with most of the large cities of Furope the health of New York city presents a decided superiority. There is in this comparative table of estimate, an im portant element which operates to the disadvantage of New York, from which both of the cities above mention- ed are in a measure exempt, and that is the large emi- gration which yearly visits our shores, composed in tha main of the poverty and wretchedness of Europe, among which the mortality is very gr The deaths thus ec- curring are made to swell our yearly bills of mortality, and are misehievously availed of to misrepresent and tract from the yeneral health of the city, and to reflect upon the efficiency of this department, The average rate of the mortality of this city between the native born and foreign population ix best illustrated by the eubjoined statistics, taken from the registration re office: — Native born, deaths... Foreigners, ..4.... By substracting ten per from this mortality, and by placing the « {native born, it will still be seen that a if 6,264 is confined to that class of foreigners ar- riving and to the transient and unsettled foreign pepula- tion of our city. These olticial data speck for themselves, heither the aid of subtheizing « interested seitishness to pervert or — mystify. is the representative city, the great metropolis of the Union; and in her moyerneats, charac - commeree, trade, capital, population, energy, emi- p and enterprise, she ix the city sé generis of the ent, and the third of the Christian worid deserved claims to the recogni- ralthy of the great cities of the world, comparison is 0 ‘0 the era when sbe had & population of sixty thousand souls. A comparison has also been instituted between the general health of this city aud that of a small New England city, or rather a large village, to which the name of city is applied, which, from the paucity of its population and its sem) rural cha- racter, is liable to a small portion of those diseases to which a large metropolis, communicating with every por- tion of the world, is exposed. Sueh comparison might go further, and even be made to extend to scattered raral populations; but as it is with the condition of a densely crowded city that we have to deal in the application of the rules of sanitary science all such pictures trosted healthines® ani uphealthiness, are utterly out of piace in the application of the svience of health to a larga heey ae in bis sanitary report for the city of Lon- don for the years 1868 and 1859, in noting the difference of mortality as compared between the city of London and the&ural districts of England, holds the following empha. tic language:— ‘The mean lifetime of adult females in England |x only about one year more than that of males; indeed, the conclusion from ‘ail this Is, that the circumstances of a city life are pesu' trying, for they increase the death rate from a normal rd ard of about seventeen in the thousand to nearly twenty. three; they double the mortality sion, and shorten the period of adult life from an @ ot iat to fifty-one, And again, the chiet owns of their high mortality, are not «ul re to, hole- some influences of an excessive « ding. Here habitante are so thronged together tnat from one hy and thirty-one to two hundred and ninety-one must find room upon an acre. No auch condition of things exists in f England, for the density of thelr is ra taiyir in ie inousnnds We ae ream x al se ng AY mr ulation that the wtate of the that the untoward circumstances try have forced upon us are Rept It will be seen from this that any ‘ison betwoer the health of 4 crowded city and that of sem|-rural ict proves @ superior general health of the latter—a fact which no one in his senses presumes to doubt. To institute a comparison ee he healthiest districts of the State and the city, to the dieparay it of the latter, is a most unfair 5 It merely proves what every one untainted by local other narrow prejudices admits, that there are unhealthy int in every large city from which more sequestered districts are comparatively exempt, avoiding the only material problem desirable to be solved, as to the comparative healthiness of | there disparities, and suggest, if possible, a preventive INFANTILE MORTALITY. or a remedy, By reference to tables annexed it will be the mortality a children has been, durin yeer, 13.197) none those of the diseases which bave proved most fatal are scarlet fever and pue mole; sad here we have to note the fact that the mortality of @uil- dren of foreign parents shows a great excess rot ve born. This striking disproportion is malaly ste tributable tothe want of proper care and atlonsions the inability, from poverty, of parents to obtain the me cesar eal relief, ‘“ By ‘Lanai from authentic and official poUrCes, ip soem that the