The New York Herald Newspaper, January 17, 1861, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EXQTTOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. TERMS, cash in a ‘Money sont Mo Ge andes Sine but Bonk bike exrvent tn Now York He DAILY HERALD, too cents per $7 per annum. THE WEEKLY HLL ry "ear ‘ad siz cents per Ziaition teery Weluceday cory, 7 83 per annum: the Berapaan cory Wedneuday, Lr CMe Deer 0 7 anna to any part of Great Briktin, re co Mibinctude postage; the Br BE te ond part ef the Continant, huh Kfornin Ealition nile ein th cand 2lat of each won at si Tae ahiie tg iE LALDy en | "dn Wednenday, at four cents por eT" CONRESPONDENCE, contatning important A from any quarter of the Wf acids will be Bleraily sail Yor.” Bar OUR FOREIGN CORKESPONDENTS ARK Panticuiimy Regtstep 70 Skat alt Lerrees axp PAck- ace: weturm resected communications. ADVERTISEMENTS renewed every eertad fn a oad EER, Faminy Gilifrnvs JOB PMN TING ca ‘cacculed win noulnese, cheapness aud de- epateh. 3 advertisements ine Lp, and inthe Wolame XXVI...... 0.0... ccce eee ee sees NO. 16 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. "8 GARDEN, Broadway.—Lecrons ox Howse Tamwa WINTER GARDEN, Broadway. opposite Bond street.— AN Array oF Monon—Masares. ROWERY THEATRE, Bowery —Texuou or raz Roi>— Raursteuw Penrorsances gf tga THEATRE, Broadway.—Tar Lavy or LAURA KEENE'S THEATRE, No. 624 Broadway.— BayEN DisTERs. NEW BOWERY THEATRE. Bowery. —Mosk is Caturon. Nta—Toooies—MysteKirs oF Panis, THLATRE FRANCAIS, 58 Broadway.—Barauce pe Dawrs—Le Beav Nicnovas BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broad way.—Day and i ira c Wria—Ssares ano’ Tears—Living Cuni- BRYANTS MINSTRELS. M ‘es’ Hall, 472 Broad- way.—Buncesqons, Sones, Dances, &c.—Sommec D’Eruicrs, HOOLFY & Erngrian Boras, D MINSTRELS, Niblo's Saloon, ‘Ermorfan Bomcs, Dancks, Buwiusguus, &e.— Lg mat gy HALL, 663 Broadway.—Soxgs, Danows, Buxcesauss, WASHINGTON HALL, Wiliamsbarg.—Woon's Mix eraacs. New York, Thursday, Ja: ary 17, 1861. The News. The news from Washington this morning is of the highest importance. Col. Hayne, the Com- issioner from South Carolina, was informed by the President on Tuesday that any communication he had to make must be made in writing. Col. Hayuve thereupon withdrew, in order to prepare his propositions, but up to last evening had not sent his communicition to the Executive. It is known, however, that Col. Hayne’s mission is to demand the prompt and unconditional surren- der of Fort Sumter to the South Carolina authorities: and it is also known that the President will unequivoéally and emphatically re- fuse to comply. Furthermore, it is known that the President has despatched orders to Major An- derson to act entirely on the defensive, but to de- fend Fort Sumter against any attack to the last extremity. Colonel Hayne asserts that if the fort is not given up oceans of blood will flow. That the Sout) Carolinians will attempt its capture is beyond question, Their chances of success may be judged of upon perusal of a description of the fortification and its means of defence, given in rt of to-day’s paper. We have reports of a terrible state of a the Mississippi river. It is stated that the M sippi secessionists have planted cannon at various pointe along the banks of the river, that one steamboat has been denied passage, while others have been overhauled, and that several respecta- ble persons have been compelled to return to the places from whence they started. Although these reports are partially verified by a member of Con- gress, yet we must have them confirmed before placing implicit faith in them. . In Congress yesterday Messrs. Simmons and Antbhoay, of Rhode Island, addressed the Senate on the crisis, and on motion of Mr. Clark, of New Hampshire, the Crittenden adjustment was laid on the table by a vote of twenty-five to twenty- three. Subsequently a motion was made to re- consider the vote, pending which the Senate adjoarued. In cxecutive session, the appointment of Mr. Taylor, chief Clerk of the New York Post Office, to"the Postmastership, was confirmed. In the House the debate on the c was repewed. Messrs. Garnet, of Virginia, and Gurley, of Ohio, were the chief speakers. ‘The public will doubtless be surprised to learn that Major General Sandford has tendered the whole of the First Division of New York militia to Governor Morgan, and that the offer bas been ac- cepted provisionally. Nevertheless, such is the fact, as the correspondence between these officials, which we publish in another column, will show. ‘The Georgia State Convention met at Milledge- yesterday, and organized by choosing George W. Crawford chairman, and A. Rt. Lamar secre- tary. A committee was appointed to wait on the South Caroliaa and Alabama Commissioners, and request them to communicate with the Convention. ‘The Coavention then adjourned. A full report of the speech of Gov. Floyd, ex etary of War, at Richmond recently, at « ban hich he was invited, by his admirers, ix we second page of to-day’s Henao ‘This speech will attract considerable attention from the fact that Gov. Floyd unreserve the secrets of the Cabinet, of which he was « ber, with respect to the designs of the admin tion relative to the secession movements of the Southern States, There are but few instances on record of a Cabinet minister out of place reveul- ing State secrets, and the conduct of Gov. Floyd in this regard has been severely anime adverted | upou by ali parties. | We publish in another columm a eireular letter | veals mw ra from prominent bishops and clergymen of the North, addressed to the clergy ané laity of the South, in which they counsel a cadm, discriminating investigation of the causes of the perils impending | over the country, and a manly, Christian effert, onder God, to avert them. ‘here was arumor about town yesterday that James §. Kerrigan, member. of Congress elect from tis city, is to be arrasted ona charge of | treason, under the reeent charg e of Judge Smalley. ‘The clreumstances which led 1.0 this rumor are de tailed eleewhere in our columas. | sun cotpouen for the present year, aa it ia far bebind the oumbors in the same period of the years immediately preceding the present one. Doubtless the political condition of the country produces an unfavorable effect on the European immigration. The commutation balance * present mail wilt be atthe | is $33,490 G0, ‘The Board of Supervisors met yesterday, for the purpose of organizing for the year 1861. On the first ballot, Wm. R. Stewart, the President of the old Board, was unanimously re-elected. The veto of the Mayor on the resolution to inercase the police force was taken up, and after some debate the original resclution was unanimously passed, over the yeto of the Mayor, Some other im- portant business was transacted, which will be SOritle taken of anonymous correspondence. Wedono | found in another portion of the paper. ‘The Board of Education held a special meeting last evening, but it was merely to transact routine business. An appropriation of $6,000 was made to furnish the new schoolhouse in the Twenty-first ward, and several smaller appropriations to pur- chase heating apparatus for different schoolhouses throughout the city were likewise made. The committees appointed by the President were then announced, and the Board adjourned. ‘The market for beef catile y: emery was dull, and prices fell off about ‘4c. a24¢. per pound. Milch cows and veal calves were without material change. Sheep and lambs were more plenty and dull, ata reduction in prices of 50c. @ 7c. per head. Swine were active and firmer. The total receipts were 3,977 beeves, 103 cows, 359 veals, $8,711 sheep and lambs and 11,532 swine. ‘The extreme inclemency of the weather yesterday tended to cleck transactions in most descriptions of pro- duce. The cotton market was tame, while sales em Draced about 900 bales, closing heavy at about 12% for middling uplands. ‘The receipts at the ports since the Ist of September last have reached about 1,835,000 bales, against 2,452,000 in 1860, and 2,070,000 in 1859. ‘The exports in the same time have reached 1,141,000 Dales, againet 1,5°0,000 in 1860, and 1,040,000 in 1859. ‘The stock on hand embraced 615,000 bales, against 1,003,000 in 1800, and 837,000 in 1 Flour was heavy, and for Western anit Btate grades prices wore Se. per bar- rei lower. Waeat was heavy, and closed at about lc, per bushel lower. Corn was also dull, with a fair de- mand. Sales were active at the concession, Pork was firmer, with sales of new mess at $17 25 a $17 50, and of how prime at $13. $19 25. Sugars were quiet, and in the absence of sales of moment quotations were nomi ual. Coftes was quiet, with moderate sales at steady prices. Freights for English ports were rather firmer, especially for gram, while engagements were light. Important News from Sprii ld —The President Elect on the Crisis. The very interesting and important intelli- gence from our Springfield correspondent, which we publish to-day, corroborates the gene- ral impression that Mr. Seward, in his late speech in the Senate, upon the present crisis, its dangers and its remedies, fully and authori- tatively reflected the views, inclinations and purposes of the President elect. - First, we are informed that the news of the firing upon the Star of the West had thrown the Legislature and the citizens at Springfield into great excitement, from the belief that this act was the beginning of civil war; and that, though the President elect had very little to say in refe- rence io these startling revolutionary events in South Carolina, “it is obvious that he is most deeply concerned and exercised about the pro- bable consequences.” This is but a common place scrap of intelligence, and yet we derive some satisfaction from it, because it shows that the imperturbable indifference hitherto mani- fested by Mr. Lincoln in regard to these “ revo- lutionary events” has at length given way to serious reflection upon the responsible position in which he stands before the American people But it appears that not only has Mr. Lincoln been brought to a thoughtful frame of mind upon the dangers which beset the Union, ‘but that from his meditations he has been almost persuaded, for the sake of the Union, to come down from the Chicago platform. Thus, it ap- pears, that while he sticks to the republican doctrine of the Congressional prohibition of slavery in the Territories, and while he is de- cidedly opposed to the Crittenden resolutions, and equally so to the scheme of admitting New Mexico asa State, with its Territorial slave code unchanged, still, “should he be called upon, after assuming his place at the helm of the ship of State, to subordinate, for the sake of the harmony and peace of the country, his private opinions to public measures, he will not fail to make a patriotic response.” ‘To be more explicit, sinking his individual opinions in the general welfare, Mr. Lincoln would sign a law of Congress, “embodying the propositions of Mr. Robinson, or even the resto- ration and extension to the Pacific coast of the Missouri compromise line, provided he could be satisfied it was demanded by the bulk of the nation, and the only means of saving the Union.” This indicates a patriotic disposition on the part of the President elect to compose these existing and alarming sectional disturbances through the offices of peace and recenciliation. This is good, but it is neutralized by what follows: for we are admonished from Springfield that neither Mr. Lincoln nor “oR have any longer any faith in the ability of any Union saving compromise, apprebending, as he and they do, that “not only will all the cot- ton States follow in the wake of South Car: lina, but that no peace offering of any desc tion will ever induce them to retrace their Thus, it appears, Mr. Lincoln infers question with his administration “will not be how to forestall secession, but how to deal with it as an accomplished, iv stubborn fac Here, then, is the great difficulty in) the way of a compromise, the belie!, or the plea, that it is too late or too soon for compromises of any sort. Senator Iverson, of Georgia, tells us it is too iate, that the Union is irrevocably dis- solved, aud tbat an independent Southern confederacy will soon be established, which will prove “the most successful goverament on earth.” Senator Seward says it is too soon, and that he will not be ready to engage in the work of 4 constitutional compromise until these “eeeentric sion and disunion movements shall have seces- ‘The first drill meeting of Yae Union Volunteers was held last evening at the ‘Mercer House. Sab sequent to the drill resoluticins were passed dis claiming any political or sect ional object. In the State Senate yestertlay the Committee on Federal Relations made an elaborate re port on the various resolutions having reference to the ate turbed condition of the countr; aon. the report, together, with the res A Ons re mended by the committee, are given in o despatches from Albany. A resolution appoiating the Sth of Fe!yruary as the time for electing a United States ‘Genator in place of Mr. Seward was offered, on¢, Jaid over. Benjamin F. Brave, of Madison, ¥ as chosen (anal Commissioner There.‘ was not a quoram of Emigration Com sioners present at the meeting of thet Board y terde’ y, The routine business was all that they disp oved of in consequence. The weekly stat mf nt slows only 148 emigrant arrivals at the port during last week, which makes the whole number, ince Ji 1, 742. This @ogs pot indicate « Wea ee 1, Abia ee ee | desert of Utop ended.” Meantime, be considers a Southern confederacy as only a glittering mirage of the nd the Union so sirong and indispensable to all concerned that it will re- cover itself, and that ihese “eccentric secession movements” are mere oulli caloulated only ! to tead foolish men astray. From Washington and from Springfield, from the Premier and from the President of the in- coming republican administration, the same | conclusion is proclaimed—that the first ques- } tion before it will not be how to save the Union, but how to deal with the seceded States. From | Mr. Lincoln, too, and from Mr. Seward, the same answer has been given, substantially, that the Union and the constitution will be main- tained in the seceded States by the enforcement of the laws The case, then, appears to be made up. There will be no compromise withia the brief interval to the 4th of March, aad thea, jerbaps, begins the deluge If _Mr. beward, however, rejecting this misapprenension that i ia too late or (oo soon for compromises, would only come bravely up to the full measure of « compromise securing the South for the future within the Union, and if Mr, Lincoln would sadist in this movement, if passed or not pasted by Congress, good results would be sure to fol- low. If passed, the door of reconciliation would be thrown wide open; if lost, the incom- ing administration would enter upon its duties with the approbation and support of every Union man within the boundaries of the United States. We call, therefore, upon Mr. Seward, in be- half of the Union, the peace of the country and the incoming administration, to try at once the experiment of a great practical compromise It is not too soon and it is not too late to try i ‘The Decision of the President—Fort Sum- ter to be Retained, Our Washington despatches on Tuesday in- formed us of the arrival at the federal capital of Colonel Hayne—a special messenger from the Governor of South Carolina to the Presi- deat of the United States. Colonel Hayne’s errand was to demand the surrender of Fort Sumter to the authorities of South Carolina. The decision of the President, announced this morning, is that under no circumstances will the government resign possession of J'ort Sumter; and it is understood that Major An- derson will be instructed to defend the post at all hazards. It is very unfortunate that the question as to this comparatively unimportant point should have been raised just at this mo- ment, when there is an opening for com- promise. Except Sumter and some obscure works in Florida and Texas, the entire line of Southern seacoast defences are in the haads cf the disunionists. Now, the Charleston peo- ple hold that, to be consistent, they must re- move the federal flag from Sumter, even if they are compelled to sccomplish the act by foree. Asa matter of course, they would be sustained by all the Gulf States wherein fede- ral property has been seized. Sumter might be taken by exhausting the garrison, or a general naval fight ensue, in which the city of Charles- ton would suffer severely and the best blood of Carolina flow in torrents. The cotton States would then come to the rescue, and the result would be a frightful civil war. Now, the so- ber, earnest, thinking men of all parties regard with aversion any movements that look to the arbitrnment of the sword. At the same time it is a point of honor with all of us who still adhere to the Union that Fort Sumter should not be taken, and we believe that the forbear- ance of Major Anderson in the matter of the Star of the West should lead to equal conside- ration on the part of the Charleston authori- ties. They, however, seem to think that the presence of the federal flag on Sumter is a tacit defiance of the government which they have set up, and they feel the matter more deeply than any of us at the North can possibly imagine. Sumter has beem ewllod the key to tha de. fences of Charleston harbor. It is something more just now. It is the turning point in the crisis of the Union. There can be-no doubt that the action of the President upon Hayne’s rather cool proposition will be received with approbation in the border slave States, and that the Union party in the South will secretly approve it. At the same time that we receive this news from Washington we have importunt intelli- gence from Springfield, to the effect that Mr. Seward’s speech receives the endorsement of the President elect; and it is by no means im- probable that if affairs could be kept in statu quo ante bellum for a short time longer the re- publicans would offer some plan of compro- mise, based upon the Crittenden amendments. The radical wing of the party is already get- ting frightened at the weakness, as they term it, of the republican members of Congress. Greeley & Co, howl vigorously over Seward’s speech—ihe very best possible proof that it has hit the right spot. So we find the extreme re- publicans and the thorough going fire-eaters, as usual, uniteu in the endeavor to break up the Union. Between these two fires the con- servatives North and South are unable to stir hand or foot. They are as effectively shut up as Anderson in Fort Sumter. Suppose the worst comes to the worst (for we must look at these things squarcly) and Sumter is attacked, what then’ Then the North will be aroused as one man, and, until reason regains its sway, we shall be compelled to sufier all the horrors of a fratricidal conflict, which will destroy the industrial interests of all sections and put us back at least a hundred years in the estimation of the civilized world. We will assume, for the sake of argument, that in the event of war the border States would cast their lot in with the North, although the tenor of all our advices from Virginia, Ken tucky, Tennessee, Maryland and Vir- ginia are inflexibly the other way; and thea itis not so clear that the army of the North could subjugate the cotton States. And if they did succumb, of what value would their forced submission be? Then, again, where are the troops to come from? Where will the general government find volunteers to fight against men who take up arms on their own soil to defend their own rights! Can we depend upoa officers of the army and navy when they are commanded to turn their gums against their own relatives, or their comrades, with whom they have shared the bivouac or joined in the assault upon a foreign foe? Are we to take a hundred thousand men from the workshops, the plough or the counting house, and send them to attack our brethren of the South in their own homes? Is there no danger that in the event of civil war and the withdrawal of a large munber of law-abiding citizens from the Northern cities, that the dangerous classes will prove too much for the local authorities! is the commerce of the country to be suspended without overthrowing al! other interests inter- woven with and dependant upon it’ These are questions which the coercionists will do well to ponder upon earnestly, and if they are not as crazy as the advocates of im- mediate secession in the South, they will agree that, in case no settlement of the difficulty can be arranged, it will be better that we should part in peace. There is nothing so dreadful in the idea of two great confederacies, managed upon the same general plan us the present Union, with trade, commerce, manufactures, friendly intercourse going on the same as in the most peaceable times. If onr Southern brethren think they can better themselves by going out, and are resolved to try the experi- ment, in Heaven's name let them go in p We cauaot keep them by force. People ia their NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, JANUARY it. ‘E8eL. IMPORTANT FROM SPRINGFIELD. The President Elect and His Views on the coi. He Wonid be Diapoend to Sapper a Liberal Compromise, but he Fears it is Too Late, ovitoa, defading their own firesides, may be cverthrowa many limes, but history teashes us that the work of subjugation is, besides, ex- coodingly diffeult, as unprofitable to the con querors a8 to the congagred. We have bopes that the Charieston people will think over the matéer of Fort Sumter, and that the new administration will offer terms that will meet the approbation of the Union party i the border States, where they demand a lever to begin with. Furtker South the Union seatiment lies dormant, but is not dead, and way yct rise superior to the secession lunacy. Bui coercion is not to be thought of for a mo- ment. Wao Axe tHe Tras Owners or Ounm Fepernar, Forroicartons?—The argument is continually brought forward by that por- tion of the people of the Southern States who would justify the seizure of federal property by State governments, that our coast defences were erected exclu- sively for local defence. They say that Fort Pulaski belongs to Georgia, from the very ne- cessity of the case, as much as Dover does to Faglaad, or Cherbourg and Toulon to France. They maintain that the authorities of South Carolina have an absolute, inherent right to hold forts Pinckney, Moultrie and Sumter; that the approaches to New Orleans belong to Louisiana; and that forts McHeury and Mon- roe are appendages of Virginia and Maryland, just 80 soon as those States have cut themselves off from the Union. This is an entire fallacy. It waa not alone for the protection of any par- ticular point, or line of coast, that ofr fortifi- cations were built with so much care and at such vast expense; but for the seeurity of the common country, and to prevent the possibility of invasion, which would give a lodgment any- where on the continent to a common enemy. The inhabitants of Philadelphia, New York and Baltimore are no less interested that troops should not be landed in Georgia and South Carolina, than are those of Savannah, Columbus and Charleston. An attack upon any one point of our coast is an invasion of the whole United States, and would be resisted as much in the present dislocated state of our national and administrative machinery as it would have been under the Presidency of Monroe, Madison or Jackson. Were Louisiana menaced by a foreign foe, would the people of that State ery out hands off ; let us fight out this battle singly and alone? They would justly demand the assistance of the whole sea and land force of the Union to aid them, and they would receive succor alike from Missouri, Ohio, New York and even Connecticut and Massachusetts. The blood still flows from one common heart, and the pulsations of every artery are dictated from one common national centre. An injury inflicted is felt from one extremity to the other of the body politic, no matter what member may suffer the immediate injury. It is idle, therefore, to attempt a defence of the conduct of those State governments that have seized upon national property, on the ground that it is essentially of local derivation and forthe preservation of local integrity. Our fortifications belong to the federal government alone ; can be legally held and defended only by federal troops, or under federal jurisdiction, and the acts that have dictated the movements of our Southern brethren must be unequivocal- ly condemned by every right minded citizen. It would doubtless be inexpedient to attempt any reversal of the mad acts of extremists at the South, at the present moment; but the principle remains fast which Mr. Buchanan laid down in his annual message with regard to the matter, The Question is Not How to Forestall Secession, bat How to Deal With It, &e., ke, ke. Our Springficld Correspondence. Srusurnao, Jan, 11, 1861. Mr, Sewart Gacetted as Secretary of Stote—Cameren Off cially Sheived—Probavility of Chase's Acceptance of the Serctaryship of the Treasury—N. B. Judd Pressed for the Interior Departmeni—Ihe Rubicon Believed to be Croised—Legislative Doings, de., de. ‘The Daily Mlinois State Journal of this morziag con- tains the following official announcement of My. Seward’s: acceptance of the Secretaryship of State:— Mr. LENCOLN'S CABINET, The Albany Zven fourma! having aaneunced that Mr. Seward has accepted the position of Secretucy of State under the President cicet, it may "not be out of piace to state that official advices o that effect bave been received by Mr. Lim coim, ‘The portfolio of the State Pepartment was tendered to Mr. Seward several weeks ago, and the selec- tioa caanot fall to receive a cordial response from ali who love and are determined to stand by the Unien. Mr. Se- ward's Wisdom as @ statesman of ability, as a diplomat- ist, will directly (end to strengthen coufidence in the in coming administration at home and wbread. The Jowrnad proper'y remarks, “that on no former orcasion has a President offered, or a Secretary accepted, that depart- ment in @ mapner more delicate and respectful to each, or more independent and honorable to both;’” and it put on record the prediction “ that President’ and Premier wil so discharge their duties amid all the dilliculties that, surround them ak to preserve the blessings of Unioa, and to deserve and receive the homage of their countrymen.” ‘We have confidence that the sequel will verify the pro pheey Ibis known that Mr. Lineoin received Mr. Seward’s formal acceptance only by this morning's mail, and that the paracraph in Thurlow Weed's paper was inserted simultaneously with the mailing of the letter. Mr, Lin- coin immediately acknowledged its receipt by special telegraphic despatch to Washington. Candor compels me to state that the construction put upon Mr. Seward’s appointment in a late editorial of the Hexat is not endersed by the friends of the President elect. ‘They leok upon it as an earnest of the drm ad herence of the new regime to the dogmas of their party, ‘aslaid down in the Chicago platform, rather than as a symptom of readiness to compromise and renounce. The radical republicans of this section, ai all events, augur from Mr, Seward’s premiership the strict fidelity of the incoming administration to the principles to the triumph of which it owes its existence. It may be safely pre- sumed, nevertheless, that Mr. Seward’s profound states. maxship aud catholicity of views will enable him to un derstand the exigencies of the times, and prevent any clashing act of the administration of which he will, doubtlessly, be the most promiuent aud induential member. ‘The last twenty-four hours have developed the proba- bility that Mr. Chase may, after all, uot acvept the ‘Treasury Department, offered to him by the V’resident elect during his recent stay in this city. The ex Gover. nor himself would greatly prefer the Senatorial wga to a ministerial portfolio. But i seems tuat an acceptance is urged upon him by many of his moet intimate and faithful friends, and that he is not unlikely to yield to their counsel. Advices to that effect reached here last night. ‘The partisans of N. B. Judd, of this State, who are now assembled around their leader at this point, are working with might and main to secure the place iuformally teu- dered to Caleb B. Smith, of Indiana, for him. The jeal ousy of riva} republican chieftains from (his State para- lizes, however, their efforts'to some extent. But it s very possible that their represeutations will prevail in theend Me. Judd is om old and tried friend of the President elect, and Mr. Lincoln's personal preferences wil not conflict with the wishes of the ates of the forme cause. Nor is the country likely to suffer by the sub- tation of the shaltow-brained Hoosier for so able a man as Mr. Judd. ‘The news of the tiring upon the = of the West threw both Legislatare and citizens 0 Intense excitement. ‘The tug of war la believed to be come—the Rubicon crossed—ciyil war inevitable. Legislative bus ness was all but suspended. ‘The “ overt act of esas and rebellion” occupied the minds ond months of all ‘The President elect looks very gravely. He says little in reference to the startling events ia South Carolina, but it is obvious that he is nevertheless most deeply concerned and exercised about their probable conse- quences. The Legislature hos thus far confined itself wo the tion of committees and introduction of petitions an imz Evrorran Jourxats on Tan eNt.——The eontroversy which is being cartied on between the Paris Siecle and Le Pays on the slavery question in this country has a pecaliar significance, from the fact that M. de Cassagnac, the editor of the latter, is known to receive Ms inspirations on most political questions from the Emperor ‘ poleon. It will be recollected that, shortly be- fore South Carolina declared in Convention its formal secession from the Union, it was stated that she had entered into negotiations with the French government, and had received from it positive assurances of recognition and support. The same thing was asserted in regard to Eag- land. These statements were subsequently contradicted by the republican journals, and it was averred that, so far were they from being the fact, the representatives of both go- vernmenis at Washington: had positively inti- mated that the secession ovement would re- ceive neither countenance ner ercouragement from them. ‘There was, no doubt, us little foundation for the one as for the other of these assertions. It is not the habit of the Europea governments to commit themselves imantivipation ef events. But there is no difficulty in judging, from past precedents, of what their course will be should the Southern States resolve themselves inio a separate confederacy. Since the revolution of 1850 in France it has been the established policy of England tw re- cognise de facto governments, and her example has since been followed by neasty all the Eu- ropean cabinets, It is to the expediercy of this principle that most of the political changes that have been since eflected in Kurope owe their peaceful consummation. But if any doubt existed on the subject, in comnection with the South, it wonld be dispelled by the recent de- claration of ibe London Times, that the South hed rights, and of those rights that of free trade was ome: as well as by the energetic arguments of Le lays Napoleon's organ—in support of slavery. The views put forth by the letter are, besides, only the natural corollary of the policy which songht to revive the slave trade in order to supply the tropical eelonies of France wilt African labor. The disposition of both govern- ments to recognise the independence of the South being thus clearly established, it be- hooves those who do not want to sce foreign clemends imported into the present confict be- tween the two great sections of the confedera- cy, to make some practical advances towards conciliation. Let European interference be once admitted in the affairs of these States, and the remotest generations of our descendants will have reason to curse the memory of the men who have built up the republican party merely tor one own polities! advancement Sruncrrip, Jan. 12, W861 The President Elect and the Compromise Propositions —The Southern Members of the Cabina— Wilmet’s Connetion with the Cameron Intriques—Legisiative— Personal, fc Frequent allusions have been made by me in preceding letters to the position occupied by the Presideut elect in reference to the various modes and means, proposed by patriots in Congress and elsewhers, for the pacification of the country, Ttook occasion to state at diferent times ‘that he had distinctly and emphatically expressed his firm adhesion to the Chicago platform in general, and the republican doctrine of the Congressional right to legislate prohibitively on the subject of slavery in the Terrfories that he was decidedly opposed to the Crittenden resolu. tions and equally so to the scheme of admitting New Mexi coms a State with its Territorial slave code unchanged—in line, that he was as resolute and outspoken au antislave: ry extensionistas ever. That such are really inis views no one that has ever enjoyed the privilege of his frank, un- reserved conversation on public matters will deny; but Thave reason to think—in fact, 1 know—that should he ve called upon, after assuming his place at the helm of the ship of State, to subordinate, for the sake of the har mony and peace of the country, bis private opaions to publie measures, be will not fail to make a patriotic re. sponse. J believe, to i!!nstrate the meaning of this assertion, that although entirely loath to see slavery spreed over another inch of ground, be would yet atix his signature to a Congressional enactment embodying the propositions of Mr. Robinson, or even the resto ration and extension to the Pucific const of the Missouri compromise line, provided he could be satisfied that it was demanded by the bulk of the nation, and the only means of saving the Union. On the other hand, it will be but cimple justice to state that neither he nor his frieuds have any longer faith in the availability of auy of the suggested compromise measures. They appesr (o incline to the conviction that not enly all the cottan States will follow im the wake of South Carolina, that no peace offering of any deseription will ever induce Chem to re trace their steps, and that the qu vith the republican administration will not be, how to forcatoll secession, but how to deal with it 48 an accomplished, stobbern, irrevo- cable fact It ia now considered certein im Presidential cireles that at lewdt ome, and perhaps two places. will be left open in the Cabinet with a view to the repre. sentation of the South, and that they wil not be fied until after the arr the President la the federal capital. The statement of the New York Tribune that Robert E. Seott, of Virginia, and William A. Graham would be taken from the elaveholding States, t totally siinaded, No such eelections have bean made; nor is it at ail Lik t Mr. Scott will be one of Mr. Lincoln's ministers. His last epistolary effort, in which he placed himself determinedly and bitterte on yMord against the party that elevated MP. Lincoln ty power, has rendered Ln altogether impossible It would be h Chat tie most in tricate and delicate queution to be solved by Me. Lincoin presente vain to conceal previews to bi Cy m is now this wery n section of country in erie) council ‘There is evidentty an of Bo Mavks likely to fit into 1 of the Cabinet at proved. vury vexations to Mr. toip, and that ho wi pat em his ultimate smi « potut of eulm! will ed, cither one WAY er the other, i South we witeady con ted Fineoin te « deetetom in the promise pr Mosena Coscrt rem mmx Beswert or Maswe Avwa Puawr.—This poplar favorite with the takes @ hencfit at Irving Malifto morrow (Vr on which eecasion she will be sseieted by e- more than pr le. plished artistes, including, among others, © from present appearances, (he sessia of the ni, Madame Von Berkle, Mis Kate Lure of this State will be a pre cminentiy workin Oninte, Muller, Biscacciante and He Abelin wee ere dolphsen. Thotnas, Cook, Bowler, Mille, Pattivon, Carl Au chutz aad several other eminest profesvionala, The pro. eTAMMe is unoecally good, emiracing twenty-one eh «ciections, Vocal and instrumental, from the mant composers, which, when it le umderstood that Madarne Bishop stands in need of assistance will, we are Comident, ebeure Ler a growdgd Louse, birt mats business for whiel it Hed will be first dispe politics will onty be dat bled in in case the legislation proper shall a ¢aleorb the orty daye within whieh the n ts wisely cow’lned by the constitution. The most importaat fax lutrodweed ara bills Toe Ut aures Chow saameutimows of Cag ——<<«<«2x+.6™Xx,xx —“— we [awe and the reorgemization of the emijitia of tate. Chartes Butler, the well KoeW= Anancier of pour cet! Was bore during ycaterday Bruscrenn, Jan. 13, 296¢. The Cameron Pother Remrel—Arrivel of Seater Covan and J. P. Sanders, of Pennajvavia—The Object of Their Mission—Cameron's Ultimatum, de. ‘There is another excked flutter among our politicat quid muncs, All the pangs of curiosity—wl the concer talnties of rumors, copjectures, impheations and deduce tions, that deprived them of their peace of mind and rest of body only a fortnight ago, are being ronewed. The Cameron cabal is revived. The more fared than fearful Peunsylvavia chieftain has ounce more entered the lists in the person of his most devoted henchman—J. P. Sanderson, ‘That faithful squire, whe had followed his lege lord hither but a few days ago, landed a second time in this republican Mecca st « late hour last evening. The news of the bombardment of Charlestor would bave produced no more amazement than that of his suddea apparition, Ina mere whit i¢ had penetrated the remotest biding piace of politicians. “What does it meant” escaped the lips of all. “ls he come as a harbinger of peace or wart”? “Has the vehe- ment opposition to bis master’s appointment stirred up his mettio and excited his ire, or induced him to forego ‘his Cabinet aspirations?’’ These were the questious— more casiiy asked than answered. Not a little was added to the irritation by the fact that Fdgar Cowan, the newly elected United States Sena tor of Pennsylvania, lind mot only arrived om the same train, but also engaged apartments 42 common with Sanderson. There was another pozrie. It had been universally believed that Cowan's triumph was tantamount to a defeat of Cameron, as Wil mot had received the support of the Cameron men in consideration of services rendered during his late visit to this place, and hence tae apparent harmony and co operation of supposedly hostile elements proved a pre found mystery and no mean source of dixcoucert aaa confusion, Thos it was not to be wondered at that this holy Sabbath was desecrated by gencral and persistent at tempts to solve this seeming!y inexplicable enigma. so many experienced noses being on the ecent, it could not be @ matter of surprie that, cre the distinguished vositers bad dwelied twenty-four hours in our midst, the mist of discordact circumstances that first shrouded their imtents and purposes bus cleared away and the case all but fully understood. It appears that Mr. Sanderson came bere in a direct rush from Washington (sty, as the envey picnipoteatiary of the great Pennsylvania cabalist. Frightened, veyoud ali doubt, by the intensely hostile, demonstrations that have been brought to Lear upon the President eect during the last ten dags, the latter instructed his fdas Acho‘es to undertake the journey to Springfield onoe amore, aud bring matters to a head either one way or the other. And thus the confidential messenger hied hither, and giving himself hardly time for a hasty lavation and repast, Sought the Presidential presence at the earliest possible moment, He found Mr. Lincoin at his private residence, and was closeted with Lim from eight to eleven o'clock P.M. The interview was renewed tis forenoon, and likewise lasted several hours. As tothe tenor of the alternative presented by the deputy, it was ffamed with Mr, Cameron's habitual pru- dence and cunning. It neither asserted nor demanded apy ling in offensive or imperious terms. Jt was couched, on the contrary, in the most respectful aud conciliatory Language. It left everything to the pleasure of the party to whom it was addressed, and expressed a willingmess te abide by his ultimate decision. While a readiness to serve was intimated, no anxiety for office was insaé- fested. In fine, the document was £0 held as to enable tle author to come well eut of the affair, no matier what its upshot would be. ‘The President recetved Mr. Cameron's representative with his usual Kindness, and listened to all he had to say with attention and respect. But it is well understood that he fatied to respond directly or detinitely, but ex presecd his intention to take the matter uuder further ad visement, It is not improbable that the question whetber or not. Mr. €omeron will oceupy 4 seat in Mr. Lincoln's Cabinet will be ultimately decided beiore Mr. Sanderson re embarks for the Fast. fm the meantime the President cleet finds himgelf in a disagreeable predicament. On the cone Land, (he disregard of the numerous emphatie remon strances agamst the appointment of the Senator from Pennsylvania threatens to become a means of serioux offence to their promincnt and influential originators; while, on the other, the knowledge of Cameron's secret desires and easily wounded pride and grest power opens the unpleasant prospect of equally grave consequences in case of his disappointment, Nevertheless, I venture te say that—Mr. Sanderson's visit to the contrary sotwith- standing—the failure of the Cabinet aspirations of his prineipal is greatest, and that plaster in the shape of « firet clvas foreign mission will be offered. As to the import of Mr. Cowan's visit, it is known taat he mot Mr. Sanderson by accident at Pittsburg, while o his way here, and being an intimate scquaintence, came om with him: but, although the main oljject of his trip is to become personally acquainted with the President elect, that he intended , with a generosity truly creditable to the victor, to urge Cameren’s claims in order to secure for hie defeated rival a place at his ide in the United States Mr. Cowan did not attend tast night's interview be tween the President aud Mr. Saaderson, but was formaily introduced to the former in the course of the morning. Srauvcrmy, Jan. 16, 1861. Senator Cowan and Mr. Sanderson left this morning dis appointed, after laying close siege to Mr. Lincoln for three days. It ispow understocd that Mr. Cameron’s offer to withdraw was not absolute. He merely expressed his willingness to forego his claims should they prove a source of embarrassment to the President elect. Both Cowan and Sanderson worked like beavers in Catneron’s interest, but Mr. Lincoln thought best not to commit himself ded. nitely while they were here. The preseure exerted by them now being removed, there is no great probability of an ultimate decision in Cameron's favor, ax strong counter efforts are constantly being made. It is believed here that Cowan's support of Cameron's claima wee exerted in return of obligations to Cameron members by the Pennsylvania Legislature. ‘The probability of Mr. Judd’s appointment is inereas- A test vote was taken in the Legislature this morning on Mr. Crittenden’s compromise proposition. The re- publican majority voted down resolutions embodying them. ‘The Democratic Convention to-morrow will be very lorgely attended. There ie « prospect of « hard struggie as to which of the compromise measures now before Cou gress should be endorsed. ‘Three mysterious gentlemen arrived early this morn lug, and registered themselves at the St. Nichoivs Hotei, as Mr. Barney and friends. They were apparently very anxious to preserve an Incognito, but were soom re cognized as Messrs. George Opdyke, Hiram Ragney, and Judge Hogeboom, of New York city. The distinguished trio hat @ protracted interview with the President elect both this morning and after noo. The object of their mizsion is to protest against Cameron's appointment, and express the decided opposi tion of the republican masses of the Empire State to any compromise involving an abandonment of the Chicago Platform. That the distribution of federal patronage in New ork city alsu received their attention may be welt supposed. Mr. Edward's speech is an exact reitection ot Mr. Lincoln's vie Police Intelligence. Creat Roan ov Viet. —The arrest of Gilbert Morris, aliae Sheffield, for ewindling, noticed in yesterday's newspapers, brought @ great crowd of victims to the Second Disttict Police Court Arnold, Constable & vn complained that they bad lost $82 49; Jackson & Ga, Proadway, $24; jo Adriane & Co., $43.20; Ubndelt, Pierson & Lake Joseph Batten, $43 50. It is expected that a by of ether derma have bees ewindled, which will swell thé # amonnt toaeveral h andre dollars. Morris is a genteet looking fellow, very plawe bie im lis manner, and woll calculated every way to sup cocd in bis nefarious trade, Jnstice Conmoly has ae term ised to keep him at the Jeervon Market Pouce Coue prison for a few days longer Cocxmmrne Mowty.—Within the past forty oight hours © number of persons have been engaged in oirewiating counterfeit “threes’’ on the North River funk of this city. The police made several arrests, among which are the following —Henry Wileov, Geo. Couper, Tham, Me. Connell, John MeGnire and Pruck Wallace petmouers wore bronght before Jnstion Steare, at the tweed Market Police Court, and committed for cxumination. The enum terfelts are tolorably well exeented, but und judges of moaey can detect their spuriows character at a gtanee. _ Waar Ane We Cosaye To!—Hemry Ward Rescher is caged at New Haven, and sworu at in Mhdadelpgia; Wen. dell Peak unprotected im Rostan, 1. Ford Hon the Masaachusetds Anti Slavery Society, fs hooted owt as Lancaster, Mass.; and Susea B. Anthony _trobbed kt Rochester, sad cant (gr any consideration ob(uin & Dal i Alyaay