The New York Herald Newspaper, January 16, 1861, Page 4

ee 4 NEW YORK HERALD. ~~~ JAMES GOKDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. ——————— OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS, ent by mail! soil he at the SS a et Rel Beata Fat taken. AILY HERALD, treo conte per $7 per annum. THE DAUPRLY HERALD, every Satu thay, of rit cents per the Edition every Wed SE memory ana at os $i ea tion 4 the Lat, Lith, and Bhat of each mumnth, We SOHLY'HBRALD, on Wedneeday, at four cents er 2 jar annem, - yatod sant CORRESPONDENCE, consining import Bes for” gage Dom Fousiox Counesroxpests 42% Part ancy ReQuasren TO Sear ale Lerreks any 1 60K- aces sett ‘NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence, We do no ovata ection ° ADVERTISEMENTS renewed every day; cdvcrtiseman(s ir. ine the KLy Hanavp, Fairy Hanan, h fornia pean Editions. < OT PRINTING executed With neatness, cheapness 0 patch, Volume XXVI..........006 =——— AMUSEMENTS THIS EV NIBLO'S GARDEN, 5: —Damon axp Pyruss R GARDEN, Broads Ay Sonne or Howon—Masera. ¥ THEATRE, Bowery.—Ternor or tae Roav— yQunerauan PERFORMANCES. “Afiernoon and Evening. , Opposite Bond street. WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broadway.—Tux Livy oF Sr. TaorEs. LAURA KEENE’S THEATRE, No. 62 Broadway.— Geven SisTeRs, Nase Stow Mose in Cauiron- eR. NEW BOWERY THEATRE. Rows | they can have possession of all the forts in the wia4—Scuoor ty aN Urroan—Manic BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—Day and Evoning—MAgio WLI—SmiLes ND’ Txans—Livina Cuni- Osrrins, £0. BRYANTS' MIN S, Meshanics’ Fall, 472 Broad- ‘way. —BUuLEsques, HOGOLEY & CAMPBELL’S MINSTRELS, Niblo’s Saloon, Broadway.—Eruiorian Songs, Dances, Buuiesques, &o.— Harri New Yxau, CANPERBUKY MUSIC HALL, Broadway.—Soxes, Daxoxs, Burixsquss, Ac. ances, &0.—Soinkk D'Eruiors. Now York, Wednesday, January 16, 1561. FOR EHUROPH, MAILS York Herald — Edition for Europe. ‘The prepeller Australasian, Capt. Hockley, will leave this port to-day for Liverpool. The European maila will close in this city this morr- ing at eight o'clock. The Evora in Eprmon oF rum Hxracn will be published ‘at seven o'clock in the morning. Single copies in Wrap- pers. Bix cents The contonts of the Evrorsan Epon or rar Herau will combiue the news received by mail and telegraph at the off'ce during the previous week, and up to the bour ef publication. The New The News. Our Washington despatches reveal the object of the mission of Colonel Hayne, the envoy of South Carolina to Washington. It isto demand of the federal government the surrender of Fort Sumter. ‘The South Carolina authorities notified Major An- derson of their determination to capture the fort if it was not given up, and the Major in reply stated that be had no alternative but to defend it. He, however, agreed to refer thw subject for deeision to his superiors. It is stated that the President will not yield to the proposijion of Colonel Hayne. There appears to be no doubt that if the fort is not surrendered the South Carolinians will at- tack it. In Congress yesterday the Senate was engaged in discussing the Pacific Railroad, having, by a large majority, refused to postpone its considera- tion in order to take up the Crittenden resolutions. In the House Mr. Reagan, of Texas; Stanton, of Ohio, and others, discussed the perilous condition of the country. The proceedings of the Legislature yesterday were important, but we have no space fora more extended reference tv them. Full details are given in our despatches and reports. Av enthusiastic demonstration of the working men of New York city against coercing the Southern States was held in Broome street last night. The attendance was very large, and the sentiments expressed and resolutions passed were of the most decided character. The meeting was addressed by several well known gentlemen. We supply a report of the proceedings elsewhere in this day's paper. A spontaneous Union demonstration took place at the Oliver street Baptist church last evening. ‘The occasion was the Sunday School anniversary, and Mr. Lucius Hart was the speaker. An ac- count will be found elsewhere. The steamship Bremen, from Southampton on the Sist ult., arrived at this port early yesterday afternoon. Her advices are one day later than those previously received. A despatch from Naples, dated December 28, states that the French fleet had abandoned its po- sition before Gaeta, and that the Sardinian fleet ‘was proceeding to the besieged city. The news requires confirmation. Extensive warlike preparations are being made by France, Austria and Piedmont, evidently in anticipation of Garibaldi’s attack upon Venetia in the spring. It is reported that Austria has noti- fied France and England of her intention to hold Venetia until driven out of the Quadrilateral by force of arms. Proposals for the sale of Venetia are treated by Austria as idle. The commercial intelligence by this arrival is unimportant, being but little, if any, later than that received by the America. We publish elsewhere this morning an account of the launch of the iron cased frigate Warrior, and an interesting description of the vessel. The Warrior is, with the exception of the Great East- ern, the largest ship ever launched. The trial of Jackalow, the alleged murderer of the crew of the oyster sloop Spray, was called on in the United States Cirenit Conrt at Trenton yea- terday, but, owing to an informality in the service of the list of jurymen upon the prisoner's counsel, the case was postponed to Friday next. The Bowery murder case was under investiga- tion before Coroner Schirmer again yesterday, but nothing was Geveloped aaie> could in any way clear up the mystery. investigation will be resumed on Friday. Mr. Rarey delivered a lecture on horse taming last evening, at Niblo’s Garden, illustrating it with experiments on Jo Anderaon, aud a fine dark brown mare, which was well kuown as kioker. ‘The house was crowded, notwithstanding the weather, ‘There was no skating om the Central Park yes- terday, in consequence of the ice being too soft. Nearly two hundred men were at work preparing it for the next front. Although sleighing was not —_ many parties were to ve ween out for @ aleigh side. We are indebted to Purser William, D. Homp- stead, Of the steamship Florida, for late Savannah papers. the cotton market yesterday was less buoyant, ana closed at rates in favor Of purchasers, The sales reached obout 1,600 bales, closing Ou the basis of about 18K. for oviteling vplauds, There were no sales reported of «© cwert after the receipt of the Bremen’s news. Flour soon Leavy and rather easier for shipping brand of super. «© Flav and Western, while extra brands were steady, fee were Wo 8 fair extent, ineluding some lota for export, Leat ar heavy and lower for common tote of spring, m erably active. Corn was lower and more concession. Pork was firm, with moderate saleg Gud at $18 1244 a $18 26 for now were quiet but steady, with sales of \ol®, ond & gpDall parcel of boxes, Cot. ju foly demand, with sales of 800 bags ee, 1000 mats Java at 16i0., 260 rnd 600 bags Lagoayra at 130. a 18%%0. © onite steady and rather better for Baggs 4OU, W.to moderate engagements, NEW YORK HERALD, WED Important from Wasiiagten—The Ex- treordinary Demands of South Caro- Jina, Vgerent cotemporary except the baton of a ficld marshal in a war of subjugation upon the Southern States. He tells My, Lincoln plumply that, as President, his first duty will be to cul! for men to recapture those forte and arsenals how in the poseession of Southern rebels, and that if fifty thousand men, or five times fifty thousand mea, which is two hundred and fifty thousand men, shall be wanted for this pur pose, they will be forthcoming. And Webb is sues this decree as his ultimatum. Itis his in- terpretation of Mr. Seward’s speech, and the Chevalier says that the Senator “knows what the administration of Mr. Lincoln intends to dol!’ In a word, the Chevalier Webb has spoken for Seward and Lincoln; and the Che- valier Webb having buckled on his armor and bis mahogany stocked pistols, let Gov. Wise tremble and fly. The news from Wasbiugton last evening will strike every one with astonishment and regret, if not with alarm. It was expected, after the return of the Star of the West, that the settle- nent of the question which is now breaking up this republic would assume a less belbigerent character, giving the conservatives of the country some hope of a peaceful solution of the trouble. it now appears that the authorities of South Carolina are determined upon bloodshed unless harbor of Charleston. Colonel Hayne, the Commissioner from that State, who has just ar- rived in Washington, made the demand yester- day upon the Executive of the United States for the immediate and absolute surrender of Fort Sumter to South Carolina or, accept the alternative of an attack by the troops of that State upon that castle. We were not ap- prised, when our paper went to press this morning, what reply the President made to Colonel Hayne; but it was thought, from the position lately assumed by the government, that this extraordinary demand of South Caro- lina would not be complied with. Our previously received intelligence from Charleston advised us of the determination of the authorities to take the fort at any sacrifice of life, and of arrangements which had been made to carry this determination into effect. The effort will no doubt be made, for its capture seems to be a pointof honor with South Carolina; and it is the opinion of many military men that, with the reckless enthusiasm now prevailing in Charleston, the attack will The Union Element im the South—Con- ciliation the True Policy. Of all the obstructions which stand in the way of a Union-saving compromise, the most embarrassing to Northern conservative mon is the belief that so overwhelmingly strong, im- petuous and irresistible is the cause of dis- union in the Southern States, that it cannot be now arrested by any peace offerings whatso- ever. The impression has become almost uni- versal ip the North that all parties and all classes of our Southern brethren have been drawn into and are borne along by this re- sistless current of revolution, so that none of them are dispored any donger to believe in or listen to any terms of reconciliation. This prevailing Northern impression was fully betrayed on the part of Mr. Seward in his late carefully elaborated speech in the Senate, in which he says that “when these ec- centric movements of secession and disunion shall have ended—one, two or three years bence—then, but not till then,” will he be ia favor of a convention to revise the constitu tion. In other words, Mr. Seward concurs in the opinion entertained by the great body of the republican party, rank and file, that, be a successful one, although, if resisted, with | pending “these eccentric” movements of immense loss of life. secession and disunion,” all attempts to bring the South to reason and an We are thus on the eve of civil war. If the President refuses to withdraw Major Anderson it will become necessary to strengthen him with men and ships if an assault be made upon the castle. These reinforcements will create such intense feeling of hostility throughout the cotton States that we may consider civil war inaugurated with the report of the first gun from Fort Sumter. Four States are out of the Union and prepared for the worst. Georgia meets in Convention to-day, and will secede before the close of the week. Two or three State delegations have already withdrawn from Congress, and others are prepared to follow. In the face of these startling cventes, what ig Congress doing to stay this alarming progress of revolution? What is the President elect do- ing to prevent the overthrow of the republic? Nothing. Absolutely nothing. accommodation with the North would be “love’s labor lost.’ He and his party, there- have apparently resolved io rest upon oars, so far as any compromises may be concerned, until this wild Southern torrent of revolution shall have exhausted itself, and “calmness shall have resumed its wonted sway over the public mind.” But the question here recurs, is it true that every conservative element in the South has becn drawn beyond recovery into this rushing tide of revolution? Our answer, too, is at hand; and we answer no. Even from a su- perficial examination of these late Southern re- volutionary movements, we can detect in them the existence of a strong conservative party, now silent or passively submissive to a despot- te outaide pressure, but awaiting ouly an en couraging invitation from the Norurw wom +e. the rescue of the Union. The popular vote cast in Alabama and Mississippi in the election of delegates to their secession conventions turns out to be at least twenty-five per cent less than that cast in the late Presidential elec tion. The Natchez (Mississippi) Courier says that the vote for the direct secession candidates in that Siate was far less in every county than was anticipated, and that in the aggregate it does not perhaps exceed one-third of the popu- lar vote of the 6th of November. Thus it is apparent that secession in Missis- sippi and in Alabama has gone through by de- fault, and that if this test had been regarded as decisive and final, and beyond the reach of the “sober second thought” of the people, the sec2ssionists in both these leading secession States would have been sigually defeated. In Arkansas, hitherto ranked ag uader the abso- lute control of the fire-eaters, it appears that the conservatives have so far triumphed as to defeat the proposed legislative call of a seces- sion State Convention. In Virginia and Ten- nessee the motion to calla Convention has beer carried, but with the very significant saving provision that the acts of the Convention shali be submitted for ratification or rejeciion to the people. The only State which has manifested anything like resolute faith and unanimity in its revolu tionary programme of a Southern confederacy is South Carolina. But her faith and her unani mity are the results of thirty years of incessan! training. Thus thoroughly inoculated with the beauties of Southern independence, nothing but the practical experiment itself would satisfy her people. Having entered upon the experi- ment, and with something of that independent Avotitionism at 4 Discount iv Tue Norra.— Garrison, Tappan & Co. commenced the anti-. slavery movement in Boston, Philadelphia and New York nearly thirty years ago. At first the doctrines promulgated by these philanthro- pists were very distasteful to the people of the North, and the abolition meetings were broken up. In the country, however, the abo- litionists were sustained by the clergy, and the movement gained strength, until the radical abolitionists were enabled to enunciate their treasonable doctrines without fear of popular resentment. Their position was strengthened by the repeal of the Missouri Compromise and the Kaneas rebellion, and they were enabled to bring large numbers of hitherto loyal citizens over to their side. Then came the Helper Book, the theory of which is that slave- ry might be extinguished by the build- ing up in the Southern States of a party hostile to the peculiar institution of that sec- tion—said party to be composed of non-slave- holders. All these demonstrations were taken by the South as so many declarations of a Northern war, and preparations were made for the worst. The time has come, however, for the entire reversal of Northern sentiment. In Philadelphia George W. Curtis has been po- litely informed that his inflammatory lectures are not needed. In Boston abolition meetings are broken up, and Wendell Phillips goes home from church under the protection of a com- bined escort of women and policemen. At Rochester, the hotbed of abolitionism, spirit- ualism, women’s rightsism, and so on Mise Susan B. Anthony, the Rev. Mr. May spirit of the prodigal son, we are inclined to and other veterem in tho cause at- the impression, notwithstanding the extraor tempt to hold @ convention, and are dinary demands of Col. Hayne iu his interview yesterday with the President, that even South Carolina will be anxious to be invited back to the cheaper and more abun- dantly supplied table of the strong, grand and glorious government of the Union. Upon this point we are materially strongth ened by a late message of Gov. Pickens to the Legislature on the subject of the two regiments of troops authorized by the State Convention for the defensive purposes of tho Common- wealth. In pursuance of this authority the Governor has called out one regiment for a beginning, and he informs the Legislature that for twelve months this preliminary regiment will dispose of some $200,000, or that the two regiments, for six months, will require the samo amount, The next item demanded is $150,000 for the sea coast police authorized; noxt, the act passed to provide for an armed military force demands an item of $50,000, and pro- vision bas been made for raising $400,000 more for the purchase of arms and munitions. These several sums, the Governor says, amount to one million four bundred thousand dollars which, we submit as @ preliminary draft upon her three hundred thousaad white popula tion, is well calculated to sugget to South Carolina the idea that the dawning glories of secession are too costly to be long endured. Her Governor is evidently inclining to this opinion, for immediately after these enu- merated items he says :—It is hoped that cir- cumstances may arise which will give a pacific settlemont to our difficulties; and if so, every reasonable endeavor shall be made to prevent the expenditure of the whole amount;” but that “the more certain way to produce a pacific turn to events is to be thoroughly prepared to meet any emergency.” We think our readers may depend upon it that when, on the part of the belligerent litle Commonwealth 0 the Episcopal church, and notwithstanding the | Carolina, “it is hoped that sansa Ga eneral belief that age brings wisdom and the | arise which will sive a pacific settlement to our counsels Of peage, uotuing will sutisty our bel- $ ¢iMoulties,” we are approximaung that point compelled to dissolve it in a hurry. At New Haven Beecher has been pelted with rot- ten eggs. In New York city, the proposition of that distinguished exile from North Carolina, Mr. H. R. Helper, to lecture upon the “ Two Systems of Labor,” is received with so much dissatisfac- tion that he has not yet been permitted to open his mouth upon the subject. Mr. Helper may as well retire to private life, and reflect upon the destruction of his pet theory by the solid fact that the secession movement in the South is more vigorously pressed by the “poor whites” than by the slavehoiders. If Mr. Help- er himself should visit the South he would re- ceive summary punishment at the hands of men of his own class in the community where he formerly resided. This being « notorious fact, the Helper humbug may be accounted as hay- ing quite exploded. As to the old set—Garrison, Pillsbury, Henry C. Wright, Abby Kelly Foster and othere—they may as well hang up their dis- cordant harps for the present. Many of them have heretofore pocketed comfortable incomes os itinerant anti-slavery lecturers. Now they will mothe permitted to ventilate their pes- tiferousMootriifes; and, though the contingency is distressing to contemplate, yet itis not im- probable that some of them may be compelled to labor honestly for eir Living. The seces- sion movement has ita @yswtuges after all. Tak Cuevatter Wess Rawrayt—We had Sapposed that under Mr. Lincoln’s administra- tion the Chevalier Webb would be amply satis- fled with the authority to sport in Vienna or Constantinople that eplendid diplomatic court costume made to his order some ten or eleven years ago, and laid up in lavender ever since But now it appears that, notwithstanding all his late years of instruction as a lay member of ESDAY, JANUARY 16, 1861. at which & practical compromise to tho South- erp States may be offered with every prospect of success. We would accordingly invite the attention of Mr. Seward from se Southern “eecentric secession and disuniom movements” to the manifestations we have indicated of a large und powerful and not altogether dormant Union party in the South, which only awaits some liberal, practical offers of peace in behalf of Mr. Lincoln’s administration, in order to show to him that théSouth may still be reached by reason and conciliation. On the other hand, we cannot appreciate the wisdom of Mr, Seward’s policy of “masterly in- activity” in the matter of a compromise, when nothing but a compromise can arrest these Southern secession movements from the deci- sive resort to a Southern confederacy. Nor can we comprehond the advantages supposed to lie in that other policy suggested by that terrible man of war, Horace Greeley, and other military chieftains of the republican camp—the policy of first recovering, by force of arms, the federal forts, arsenals, &¢., seized by the State authori- ies ‘outh and North Carolina, Georgia, Flo- rida, Alabama and Louisiana, before entering vpon any negotiations of peace with them. Where would now be the revolutionary fac- Jonists of Kansas, of 1854-65-56-57, had they been strictly dealt with according to their de- s’ But has not a general amnesty made a better peace among them than could have been made by the federal bayonet and the hangman? We have endeavored to show in this article that the policy of conciliation and compromise would not now be lost upon the South, and we conclude in urging upon Mr. Seward, as the conservative Union representative of the Presi- dent elect, a step or two farther in this di- rection. Delays in affairs of peace are danger- ous, when the events of each succeeding day are widening the field of revolution. The ‘elegraph System—Its Value in Revolutionary Times. Since the secession movement has gained bead the telegraph has been charged with giving it Impetus by the circulation of false and exciting rumors. Those who make such accusations neither take the trouble of weighing the facts por of contrasting the ad- vantages of the present rapid mode of transmit ting intelligence with that of the old mail sys- tem. In the first place the telegraph, as an in” strument of communication, is no more respon sible for the character of the news flashed over its wires than the Post Office is responsible for the contents of the letters forwarded through it. It has not and never can exercise any power of censorship, for the simple reason that it would lose the confidence of the public the moment that it attempted todo so and would forfeit its character as a purely commercial en- terprise. Butit remains to be proved that the telegraph is not in every way as reliable in its confiden- tial aspects as it is in point of rapidity, We oontend that it is. There are infinitely less in- ducements to fabricate news by its instramental- ity than under the old mail system, because its contradiction by the same means can be so im mediately arrived at. No stock exchange ope- ration can be successfully carried out by its aid, because people are always on their guard against a surprise, and lose no time in verify- ing the information sent. . As regards the unreliability of the political reports and rumors transmitted by telegraph in connection with the South, there is no real ground of complaint. Very little news of this kind has been forwarded or received which had not some foundation in fact. With the public mind in such a state of feverish anxiety, and such a 1apid instrument of communication at their command, it is not of course to be ex pected that newspaper correspondents will al- ways wait for the full developement of events. It generally happens, however, that when the intelligence they send is contradicted by in- terested parties, it is borne out by later news. The telegraph correspondents employed by newspapers are notinfallible; but it is due to ‘hem to say that, generally speaking, they are correctly informed. ‘the way fulse rumors get circulation is ess by their instrumentality than by that of outsiders. Parties in Washington and other centres of intelligence pick up rumors in bar- rooms and other ‘public places, which without troubling themselves to investigate they telegraph forthwith to their friends in the different cities. These rumors occasionally find iheir way into the newspapers, though journals having reliable correspondents of their own are rarely taken off their guard by them. Were there no telegraph in existence the par ties sending them, having the mail to wait for, would probably have time to verify their ac- curacy before forwarding them. Having the telegraph at their command, they despatch them in the heat and excitement of the moment, without reflecting on the possibiiy of their be- ing erroneous. It is in this way that most of the acts of Mr. Buchanan in connection with ibe revolutionary movements in the South have been misrepresented. If any one bas a right to complain of the abuse made of the telegraph it is unquestionably the President. Against (hese slight drawbacks, however, we have to weigh the advantages derived from this triumph of modern science. Just imagine the excitement of the public mind at the North if the report that the Star of the West bad been sunk by the batteries of Fort Moultrie had re- mained many hours uncontradicted. And should the present Congress return to its senses and resolve to restore peace to our uabappy country, how important wili it be for it to find at its command a means of transmitting this happy intelligence to the remotest points of the Union with the least possible delay, and of thus abridging the anxiety and suspense that weigh upon the public mind. The Post Office could not do this within a month, whilst the telegraph will efvct it at this side of the Rocky Mountains within a few hours, and as far as San Francisco within a fortaight. Let tho igno- vant and unreflecting abuse the telegraph as they will, it is one of the most important con- tributions that modern science bas made to hu- man progress. New York Sextiment Uroy tae Ontsis— It is certainly very gratifying to all of us dwellers in the commercial metropolis to know that the Empire City stands firm for “the Union the constitution and the enforcement of the laws.” The bard times have thrown at leas fifteen thousand workingmen out of employ ment, but as yet there have been no disturb ances of the peace, nor any marked increase in crimes against property. The laboring population of New York is the most patien orderly, inw lyving and torbesrng in we world. Were England and France disturbed as this country is at present, the mobs of London and Paris could only be restrained by military force. Here, however, we have no mob, 60 tospeak. The people mect peaceably and discuss the questions of the day in an orderly manner, as the workingmen’s gathering did last night. It is a litile curions to see that the place where the workingmen held their meeting is licated upon the site of the “Temple of Reason,” from which Fanny Wright enunciated her peculiar @octrines twenty-five years ago, and the work- ingmen may find in the ciroumstance occasion for the reflection that, next to the philosophers who seek to overthrow the social fabric, the professed politicians are the most dungerous persons in the community. Everybody should pray that we may be delivered both from the pseudo philanthropists and the trading politi- cians. Let the workingmen keep a sharp look- out for the latter. The Institution of Slavery in a French Point of View. Slavery in the United States has been recent- ly made a subject of a very sharp controversy in some of the Parisian journals—the Siecleand Le Pays smong the number. In the first, M. Jourdan bas attracted attention by what we may call bis extreme black republican doc- trines, which lead him to advocate the imme- diate and total nullification and prohibition of slavery throughout the Union, by a summary act of Congress; and in this view he is sustained by the Constitutionnel. In Le Pays, however, M. de Cassagnac has replied to M. Jourdan with that consummate ahjlity for which he has been long distinguished. M. de Cassagnac, who generally receives his inspiration from the Em- peror, gives a rational and clear expression of his views, with a concise force that completely upsets the arguments of his opponents. Indeed, the want of not only common sense, but common information, upon the matter which M. Jourdan undertakes to legislate for, is sur- prising in a man holding such strong opinions, and giving utterance to them with such confi. dent freedom. He writes like one who believed slavery some recent and obnoxious innovation introduced into the Southern States of the fede- ration, and that this ought not to be tolerated any longer by those of the other States who are not in favor of it. He says that the constitution of the United States ex- tends personal freedom to every one, regardless of color and race, and he loses himself in a maze of false surmises and equally erroneous conclusions. M. de Cassagnac is therefore compelled to tell him that slavery existed in the United States be- fore the United States became a republic, and that there is no such thing in the constitution he quotes as a proclamation of personal free- dom to every man, woman and child, whether black or white; or, in his own words, “regard- less of color and race.” He then goes on to maintain that slavery exista hy a sort of law ef Divine right. He instances the circumstance of the Apostle Paul sending the fugitive slave back to his master, and instead of trying to prove, as M. Jourdan does, that Christianity and the Bible expressly forbid slavery, he proves exactly the reverse. He instances the words of our Lord, where he preaches humility and obedience in the words, “Servants, obey your masters,” and teaches masters to be kind to those over whom they bave authority. Where is the Divine law and right of equality here, about which M. Jourdan declaims so loudly? M. Jourdan must not only be in ignorance of the history of slavery, but possessed of no common share of vanity, which leads him to think himself a much wiser and more honest judge of things than those philosophers who have preceded him, and whose names stand first on the roll of fame, Does he not know that Plato and Aristotle were partisans of slayery, and that Voltaire had serfs till the day of his death, and never entertained the idea of emancipating them. M. Cassagnac has a good way of putting his an- tagonist of the Siecle right, if indeed he chooses o be put right; but this we are afraid is doubt- ful. He says:—“When we see so many learned and noble hearts, who have at least as much moral sense as M. Jourdan, preach submission instead of revolt, and pave the way gently and cautiously for the negro towards free life, we think ourselves right to attach little importance to the effusions of superficial people who un dertake to write on the greatest questions without tnderstanding them, and appeal to passions aad violence for the instantancons re- modelling of institutions which time only can wring about.” He- elsewhere warns him thai when institutions are old, care must be tukea in any attempt to modify them He reminds M. Jourdan that as late as the year 1775 the French government gave four millions of france to the shipowners of Bordeaux and Nantes in order to enlist their ser vices in the promotion of the slave trade as an element of colonization; and he asks why in particular M. Jourdan should reproach the United Statee for countenancing slavery, when, at the same time, as from ages immemorial, slavery exists in Africa, Asia, and even Europe—the serfdom of Russia as a promi- nent instance. M. de Cassagnac concludes by showing that slaves are property as much as houses and land, aud that while such is the case the system which sustains the right of tha property must be supported, and that the federal government has no right to prohibit slavery where it exists, because slavery not only existed in its territory, but was universal and unquestioned when the republic was pro olaimed. On the whole, the controversy is calculated to place our institutions in a truer light than that in which M. Jourdan appeared to see them and has reflected credit upon the ability of Caseognac and the opinions of Napoleon although nothirg new has been elucidated. News from Hayti. Tiayti journals to December 8 have been receive! Le Pregret, of Port au Prince, date of Novembor %, an nounces in most jubilant language the eleotion of Abr. ham Lincoin, calling bim the great abolitioniet, the tras republican, the predestined philanthropist, and calls ayon the cities and towns, hills and valleys of Hayti to seud up a combined ehout of joy. Le Progres advocates a thorough union of Hayt!. M. Laferestrie, Controller General of Customs, hal re cently decrared. The Lamartine subscription was progressing. Le Progra of Deo. 1 bas quite full details of the Ame rican news, and is evidentiy puzzled what to make of the Southorh news. The production of coffee fe etrongly urged upon th Hay ‘iene * ‘Le Progres, in view of tho prevailing pryudice against color, urges advancement in koowledge, in artand in commerce upon Haytiens, that they may prove by their works their apt tude for civilization ‘The Convention between the Pope nat President Gof ye fe pnb bed. The Conte con rotetoe te the organt 2a (ion and regulation of (Le Ua bo.te religion to Bayu 4 ng cuucing tie tees ot powaubrokert ti tine wity of Sew NEWS FROM THE STATE CAPITAL. War and Rumors of War—4 Flood of Ress jutions on the Natloval Crisk—The Senate . Bnd House Committee on Federal Rela- {lors—The New York Fire Depart- ment— Pawnbrokers—Creton Aque- Cuct— Metropolitan Pohee—County Cicrk, Sheriff and Regiter, and Brooklyn Ferrles— Canal Commksloners, Bes, he, Ree Avpayy, Jan. 15, 1861, The public mind is still gensitive upon everything coming from the South. All sorts of rumors ara fyteg about the streets in regard to engagements that have already taken placo between Anderson and the South Carolinians, They have had all the forts and barracks demolished by the guns from Fort Sumter, and that Anderson was engaged in sending shell into Charleston. ‘The people are #0 easily gulled by these flying rumore that there is a general disposition to keep them excited over ‘he latest news from the South, and were all of these rumors published we should have civil war forth with, « Saving the Union and legislating upon slavery are still the order of the day, especially in the House, Last even- ing one or two bills were introduced relating to this sub- ject coming from the republican side of the House, Mr. Benedict, republican, from Albany, who is laboring to become a leader of the republican forces in tho House, introduced a bill, its important section being as followe:— “All previsions of law providing for legal proceedings before State authorities to compel the return of fugitives from service or labor to States from which they have fled are hereby repealed.” This shows conclusively that ‘the feeling for backing out of the strong grounds that they have taken against the South has become universal, and the representatives of the party are looking around to see what is to be done to satisfy the change in the public sentiment. Several resolutions wore offered this morning referring to the national crisis. Mr. Kiernan, of Oneida, offered the following resolution, which was referred to the Com- mittee on Federal Relatious:— Resolved, That while we tender to the federal government our support in whatever forts i sas make opreserve the public peace aud to wainiain and pro- eRiNe ihe uitmoet modsraiton, forbearasse and” conalia te fe uimost mederation, £0 oe a La? the eria.e that now exists. ‘inal Mr. Pierce presented a series of resolutions adopted at a meeting of citizens in Washington county, endorsing the last message of Buchanan, asking the go- verpment to reinforce Fort Sumter, and to tako from the possession of Southern traitors every fort, arsenal and custom house; and other public proper- ty which they have seized, without reference to conse- quences, and Yaat the government should immediawiy blockade every harbor of every seceding State, and 10 stop all postal communication with them untiisuch States ebail be willing to submi: to the Jaws of the land. Thoy also enderse te resolutions introduced by Mr. Little- jobn, and passed by both branches of the Legislature om. Friday last. Mr. Proudergast also presented a series of resolutions, stating that he belicved that they met the views of wembers of all parties. They read as follows:— The people of the Aiate of New, ¥ Whe without fy are Uo the , Union, “and, Believing’ "that tua conatifution thas o means ‘protection’ Pod whereas wervain Individuals, oltizens of the have 5 the con- arrayed wes iu Open ret stitution and laws at defiance, seizing and their own use the common ty not only of States, but also that of private Individuals, and that the honor and ints of the govera: can mal | ed Uf tha senate coocur), That our government te ¢ ne ne its possession all the public . of the United States, and to protest the same, without refo- rence to consequ: neces, Kesolved, That ail rty bel to the United solend shabela by anbe'te spun roots aot in detance ot the constitution aad the nw, should be Tetaken by the government, hed and pidtected by it, Theee resolutions wero referred to the Committee on Federa, Relations. Mr. Fish also presented a sorics of resolutions upon the same subject, but more conservative in toue, which took the same referenco. The committee on this subject will have picnty of material to from in preparing their report. They had their theet- ing and organized this morning, the question of making the two committecs @ joint one having been bandoned. They will now proceed to discharge (heir duties, and will hold apother meeting this afwer: coon, but will bardly como to any agreement for sever) “ays. The Seuate Corumitteo op Federal Rolations will ot report until to-morrow. One or two of the members of the committee are absent; hence eee ‘The regolutions appended to the oport will be agreed to by every member of the committee, but the report, which ia too loug for any p actical purpeee, reviewing, as it does, the issues that have divided the parties of the country, the origin and Cs ig 3 of the mares > tation, will mot be signed by all. Two < emocratic members will witbhol their gignatures, and t will, therefore, be presouted as 4 majority report, Mr. Bingham, on behalf of tie Court of Appeals, ue epted ameviments to the State constitution, providing for the cicction OF Six Judges of that Board, and to do away with the present system of selegting from mem- bers from the Instriet or Circuit Courts, ‘The resolution calling upon the Sheriff, County Clerk and Register of the ety of New York for a statement in regard to their fees was calied =o ig Mr. Cozans moved that it be laid op table, wi lost. Mr. Hutchings also moved that it be referred to the Committee ov Judiciary, which was also lost, The re- solution was then adopted A Dill to incorporate the Vessar Female College at Pov 4 has passed U.e Seuale, aud is pow before the: House. is isa benevolent Ss of the same naturo as Peter Cooper's inativute ot New York. Mr. Vassar ia a gentleman who bas amassed a lortune by close applica- cn to business, and ane no children wishes to leave is AnxONS Lo Bee the college in operation, and the mone; appropristed as bo futended tt should be before his death, This is the reason why the bill ia now pressed. Ho provided ample competency (or all bis relations after seath, and (esi to have the Copaticn to the sbes pliced beyond « cont ngecoy before his death. The will paes the House at an arly day. Wiliam MM. Evarts has returned to Albany, looking after his chances for the mantie of Senator Seward. Hi was in the lower gallory for along time this morning, the members as r marshalling his own forces. He was at any rate oa active duly this mornug, aod looked withal somewhat ouxious, eeley alee male his appearance in the lobby thie nig aud spent «short time with the candi for 1b Conta Ler. Gedies and ts. Hovey aud Bruce. Ho lefton tho neon train forthe West, ob @ lecturing tour, and will bo sage weeks, going as far weetas Iowa. His it and will show more str: when the time arrives than - ioe opponents are Willig t g.vo him credit for. there is @ lively time ahead ou this question. pbile may Le prepared for ali manner of combinations. t is reported that he tock active grounds aga’ Bruce (or Canal Con migsioucr,whiisthere, Weed, it is re ported, left for Now York te tet ric of the Dis Woke ag though he ‘ght or else be bad tbe w get rid of the hangers on. very much cinted ab the course that Weed has taken, at letate ‘bat the Albany chief! issued bis orders before ienving to support Hovey, and cite the fact of Leaven- worth, Charles Cook, and others of that stamp, for him, as evidence of their statement, ‘* ‘clnnes bes teen improving throughout the éay. talkers ond noisy material of the third house are with him. . Wecdrnff offered a resolution this morning author. the Comunitice on Cijies and Villages ry eg p on the petition of the Commissioners of Croton Aqueduct Department of the of Now York, praying for the pareage of an set to suthorise faid Commission- ere to completetthe work at the sequeduct bridge over Hariem river otherwise than by contract. It requiring upanimove consent to adopt the resolution under tho roles, an ehjection wae raised and the resolution lost; but this is a sutyect that will Come before this body at an early day. afterwards introdueed @ bill upon the/ ubject, Me, Wordruff algo introduced. @ bill to" repeat eoticn three of the Metropolitan Police bul. This ia tho ection that provides for ‘ie for thh purpose of RE oe who iereaenr pol ‘ann eeving if they can find any poltoetnan y can re port to the Boar for delibqueeey, f Mr. Webster intredueed a bifl to protect tho gale of rut in the city of New Work. Tt ie the sume that was in- troduced one year ago by "Mr. Cooper. The Brocklyn (erry question bas again been opened, by Mr. Darcy giving notice of a bill to reduce the rates of Ferrie, fo. ueirive di r. Sherwood gave notice of a bill this morning, to ide ‘for the protection of reridents of tonemont thousos, in the city of New York. This if « subject worthy the at- tention of the Trgisiature, and cannot be too car: cou. suiered, Mr, Webster has also prepared an ent for the gl Inet winter, eniitied the Unsafe Buils- ngs’ act. Fis amendment provider that no person except # practical Duilier abAi! be appointed superintendent. ‘The special committee appointed to consider the billy utroduded by Mr. Cars, ju regard to the Fire Department of (he city Of New York, held their first moetiag on ‘Wuredey, this werk, It is expected that those inte rested, whether ia favor of © imenta already pre- nied, oy a paid riepartment, will be in attendance bo- committec at their meeting. No bill has yet’ ’ ‘oiuced to create apaid fire department, bat # © wideretood that one has been prepured for that par ‘ ot Of New York, introdeeed a bill this mort.