The New York Herald Newspaper, January 4, 1861, Page 1

* shall be laweul for bim to direct the Custom House for THE REVOLUTION, IMPORTANT GE WS VRUM THE SOUTH Preparations for an Attar’: on Fort Sunrter. Seizure of the Savannall Mort ‘ Governor of Moorgia MEETING OF THE FLORIGA CONYEN Debate on the Uvisis a the Senate. Speeches of Senaters Baker and Douglas. THE CRITTENDEN PEACE PROPOSITION. THE WAR FEELING if PHILADELPHIA, &e., &e., Intelligence wos reveived ki fer 6 now besieged; that jor @ommunications are cut off, that Port Moul wie bas been compictely repaired, aol the guns remoupted, and everythigg is int nas tO Open & fire on Major Anderson. New batteries are b curd esound him ‘by the secessionists, and every day bie danger and tbe difficu'ties of reinforcing Bim are increased. His = frequent applications for reinfercements, end even ihe tears and prayers of hhie wife having failed to move tho Pravident, ho has @etermined never again to renew bis request, but ‘will perish, if he must, ia the fort, His men bave bound ‘themselves by an oath to stand and perish wth him. It is beyond a doubt that a combiaation 's forming to take forcible possession of the government at Washing- ‘ton on or before the 4th of March, bot tho precise time is net yet determined. ‘The above is from sources which jeaye no doubt of its reliability. Senator Toombs received a despatch this morn'ng from Governor Brown, of Georzia, stating that he had ordered the Georgia trogps' to occupy Fort Pulaski, to prevent the federa) troops from taking it until the mecting of their @onvention. Neither Fort Ja-kson nor the arsenal had ‘been <akon, and the Governor gave no intimation that he intended to take them. The Governor issued the order to cecupy Fort Pulaski for the reason that he had Wearned that the administration had given orders to reinforce all the forts in the South. Other forte baye undoubtedly been taken for the same reason. The President, it is understood, did isvue such an order, but it was afterwards revoked. The President also received a despatch announcing the occupation of Fort Pulaski by the Georgia troops. The Cubingt were eonvened at an early hour this morniag, an! undoudtedly had the subject under consideration. Senator Toombs received late this evening ¢ from Macon and other portions of Georgia, to t that the majorities favorable to vecession were one. He has no doubt the state bas gone large); Mediate recess ion. Lieutenant Underwood. one of the officers venue cutter taken by the Soath Carolina arrived here. He had an interview with the of the Treasury, and detailed to him all the fac pected with that transaetion. He states t Capa Gcote misled the officers. Lieutenant U. refused to nave | anything to do with the tranzaction, and arthe to serve under Coste. Governor Morgan’s message, commending a Sorthern | “ aswell as Northern line of railway to the Paciic received here by the Southwest, as the bie of an enlarged nationality of spirit on tho part of the | North. | ‘Memorials are pouring into Congress from the Northern | States, signed by men of all political parties, praying Congress to submit Mr. Crittenden’s resolutions as amendment to the constitution. Senator Bigler present- ed.a large number this morning, and expressed the opin jon that Pennsylvania would sanction the m e; that his State would concede arlything for peace, except the Union; that she would never yield. There isa rapidly growing sentiment throughout the North favorable to Nir. Crittenden’s plan of adjustment, and letters are pouring im urging the republicans to accept it. A large number of leading and influential gentlemen from New York city arrived here this morning, among them Lloyd Aspinwall, Moses Taylor, A. A. Low, R. Hl. Green, Moses Odell and Emanuel B, Hart, They are anxious to save the Union. It is now settled that Mr. Seward has been offered a po- ition in Mr, Lincoln’s Cabinet. The post assigned to him is that of Secretary of State. He is disposed to decline it, but his friends insist that he shall accept. It has aroused the anti-Soward element, and from present appearances bide fair to be afpretty fight. ‘The following address to the people of the United States, a movement of Senator Bigler and John Cochrane, of New York, hasbeen signed by Mr. Crittenden and many otber members of Congress. The propositions are those imtroduced into the Senate by Mr. Crittenden. The ob- jeot is to get the approval of the people in order that the proposed amendments may be passed, by a vote of two- | thirds, as amendments to the constitution — | Your city is in gaminent peril. The federal Union i« in process of disruption. Without your aid Congress can do late to ayert the impending calamity. Senate Committee of Thirteen have — reported their inapility to agree upon any basis of adjustanent between the North and South. ‘The House Committee of Thirty-three have arrived at no satistactory conclusion. Meanwhile, the work of dissolution is moving forwardarith (rightful strides, and mutual exasperation wnd disoord i intlaming the whole land, The remedy is ju your bands. You have the power to arrest the move ments which are certain to involve the whole o.tian in a ‘The deadly internecine strife, and to restore peace our distracted country. The undersig rope ing sections of our common country, view of these surroundings, have deemed % our rectly to you. We have iowing proposed amend ssed by a two-thirds vote itied by three-fourtim of the States, < to allay promptly aud permauentiy | the sectional strife about slavery, and re-establish rela tions of pease and good will betw the States aud the | jc. We thereiore earnestly and urgently recom. | mend shat, with as little delay us possible, you express your judgmeat 0: ° proposad amet ments, You can best tell bow th ean be done, | whathor by public mncetings, conventious of delegations, or through the daliot box. Li action be bad et all, to be | effective it must come promptly, and iw sueb formas to | indieate unmistakeably your will on the subject, #0 that | your representatives in Congress may gov hecordiugiy. Meauwhile, we stall eaaeavyor to : the government and preserve the public peace Mr. Bingham’s bill, reported by bir from the House Judiciary Committers to-day, provides, whenever, by | reason of vantawt ul oba@lru von vinutions of | dlages of persons, impructicab judgment of the ent, (o,exeeute the revenue law ‘wad collect che duties oa imports in the ordinary way, i such distiqs to de establiched and cure place within some port or hurbor of said district, ether on lagd or on any veesel 4 im that qase it should be the duty of the Collector to reside at auch place, aud there detain ail vereels and car- goes arriving witbin the district until the duGes imposed on the cargoes by law shall be paid In cush, anything in the laws of the United States t» the contrary notwith standing; ond in such cases it ahall be unlawful to take the vessel or cargo from the custody of the proper offi cer of the custome, unless by a process from some Court of the United States; and in caso any attempt shall be made to take euch vessel or cargo by any foree or combination, or assemiriages of persone too great to be overcome By the officers of the custome, t shall and may DeJawful for the President or such person or persons as kept in any se empowered Yor tho purpese, to employ rhe land er o&vat forces or militia of the Uni- be deemed necessary for the parposo removal of such vybssel or cargo and in retaining the cus- Wasmwporoy, Jan. 3, 1861. into @ state ef conside- upon the arrival of ntaming the lportant had discarded the nrned their commn- thrown eat this evening Yore HER © that the Presitent Comm > sioner wih marks of k bad packed up rd bound by the ne mind. & the Mimsy contained kuowa to but few Jont as the & crow of people, all eager to procures copy of the paper. Tho retreat of the Commise tie che there vorsation in all circles to-night he y where heard, “What step will the Presdent next now that the ¢ been Urown dowas.”? It was not the return « communicx(ion that so chated J Commissioners, bub ite return was vecompamied wich Ube Hon that the Bre w obed to beld no farther communications with thom on the gubjeot of thy sion. The consequences of ibis -evisive action oa the part of Mr. Buchanan w 0 hast ou ihe prosecution of like preparations ab Charleston; and when tha Commie: turn and reiave their yrievaners to the Conven- the public mind will vecome terribly ‘nlamed, and resert had to extreme mon ores of hostility, there is but little dowb g those | fr wih the temper of the pians. n of the Pregdlent vues the neeesrity of the case requi’ dorsemout of everybody here wno irrevocably to dissolution, Thre is r believe the president will follow up the cc \rse be bas go energeti- cally initiated, aud regardless of tho throats of the seces- sionists, wrocead at once to sustain the interests of the government in the insurrectionary region, and vindicate the honor of the national flag ond the rights of the fede- ral Union, ‘The feature at the Capitol today was tho speech of Judge Douglas, who foil Senator Baker, of Oregon. The “Little Giant” was never in better voice, health or spirits, and his epeech was almost Websterian in its power, logic and eloquence. ‘Tbe republicans do not like it, because 4 tho present troubles at the doors of th® politicians of their party; and the secessionists do not speak favorably of it, because he denied the right of secession, but the great mace of tho middle men, the centre and beart and wain dependence of the country in the hour of danger, applaud it as one of the greatest speeches delivered in the Senate since the days of Beary Clay. Tho galleries were again crowded to suffocation, al- though the weather wae stormy and disagreeable. Col, Raker's concluding remarks were happy and ac- ceptable to his side of the house. ond prompt a8 nd it receives the en- ob mom tted Mach mischief ia done to the trate of the country by the transmission of bogus despatches hence to New York. Yesterday sone can telegraphed toa prominent party in New York thot Senator Seward Bad accepted Mr. Crittenden » propesLon of compremisa Ine, the ques. tion of is adopiion to de endmilted dirictly to the people, and a largo parchare of stock was made on the strength of the announcement; but Mr. Sewerd doing telegraphed to for the purpose of ascertaining the reeetness of Uae report, bad to send a positive contra- jon of it, and also to declare, for the fortieth time, > had no compromise to offer, and po speech to thet make at this time, ‘There is no Hikelihood that the Senate will confirm the nomination of MeInty re as Collector of the port of Charloz- ton, ‘The Southerners will not congent to it, The cident is receiving congratulations on all hauda, and from ail parties, for the stand he bas taken in defence of the Union, and in refusing to recognize, in an official capacity, the South Carolina Commissioners, 1 t be admitted, hat the most of these congratulations came erg iftherte inimical to the policy of the Pre je many of h v friends now stand cool Attorney General Stanton’s presence gives new vigor refreshing tone to the Cabinet councils. t threateniag letters ha ‘n sent to parties in y of Harper's Perry, the positive assurance of avors who tried John Brown, is the vieix Mr. $b re foarful that a plot exists for The frequency of incendiary , ane the disastrous one af last Wednesday morning, which wil leave a gap on Pennsylvania avenue not likely to be ixumediately tilled, color to the apprehension. Reports from the North are pouring in, affording en- couragement to the government to protect the public property and defend the integrity of the Union at all azarae. Wasevcron, Jan. 3, 1861. Piret Licatenant Uederwood, second in command of the revenue cutter Aiken, seized by the secessionists at Charleston, arrived here this morning, and reported to the Secretary of tho Treasury. Lieutenant Underwood atates that Captain Coste, the commander of the cutter, was an avowed secessionist s¢ 1¢ before Sonth Caro- lina decided to go out, and agreed when the State deciared herself out of the Union to resign and turn the vessel over to him, Lieut. Underwood, but instead ef do- ing so he visited Fort Sumter before Major Anderson took poseession of it, and examined it for several hours, and finally placed the cutter in such a position as to leave her at low water high and dry on land. While she was thus situated the secessionists took poseession of her, Captain Coste being still in command, and Lieutenaut Underwood, being his subordivate, was of course powerless to act. Captain Coste then informed Lientenant Underwood that his services would not be required there any longer, and he proceeded immo- diately to this city, and to-day reported the above facts to Secretary Thomas ‘The constant rumors that Secretary Thomas intends to resign is based upon the undenied aseertion that he is strongly in favor of the right of eecession, and that hie lirst assistant, Mr. Clayton, is also a secessionist. The latter is eaid to be the author of the secession editorials in the Const@ution newspaper. ‘The secessionists denounce Senator Baker's maiden speech as a failure, while the Union men, without regard to party, unite in pronouncing it a brilliant and neces. ful answer to Senator Benjamin's speech in favor of the right of a State to secede Mr. Nougins’ speech to-day contirined my despatch to the Herarp two weeks since, that he would support Mr Crittenden’s plan for an adjnetment T learn by private letters that an effort is making by | the merchants of Heston to raise twenty-five thousund to Governor N. P. Banks, to in | duce him to forego hie cogagement wiih-the Tiltnoi* Gea- tral Railroad and in politics. This i said to be programme t induee him to take « place in Mr. Lincoln's Cabinet, whieh there is no doubt he could ave if he would take it should this project not onting + Fam still of the opinion dat Gideon Wells at, will reprecent New England in thet dopertment of the government, Amoug others urged upon Mr. Lineola from New Kaglaud for a place in bis Cabinet is Charles Francis Adams. Private letterspour in here from Tiiinoie, unding certain prominent republicans to use their induence to procure a place in the Cabinw: for N.Y. Judd, of Miuols. Sow are responder to, 48 the repubiie¢un delegation form [inois, with ue exception, grefer not to interfete with the com position of Lincoln's <wbinet unless they are consulted. Ii i pepeetod that Sewator Trumbull ie urging Mr. Jadd’s clnime for « place in the Cabinet, while it is a fact that nea |y all @e other prominent Tllinoiaas here and at home are opposdd to the selection of @ cabinet officer trom Viinois. Mr. Foombe will reply ( Mr. Baker in the Senate on Monday, and # is expected by the republienas that Mr Fessouden will answer Mr. Te ‘The House Committees of Thirty three were in session to-day, but after a brief discussion on Mr. Nelson's pro- position, adjourned without coming to any couchusiog. It is@ positive faet that Mr. Liacoln, in a letter to Senator Cameron, informed him that he should send hie (Cameron's) name to the Senate op (be ath of March nest for 9 plage in the Cabinet, wub did wob sin pusitive- ty what the position woul! be, but indicated that it might be, that of Secretary of the Pre) There 6 Meets doubt that Mr, Cameron’s recent visit Springileki has fixed the Treasuryebip as hisgpomeseion, It is evidently the settled opinion of the best posted re- Ppubdiicans here that Senator Seward bas been tendered ‘tbe post of Secretary of State and that be will accept \t. General Scott bas received calls from many republican Senators and repreeentatives. Waswxcrow, Jan. 3, 1862. It is believed from what .s known bere that im the course of a few days the forts at Penseola and Key West; Port Morgan, Alabama, the tort at Ship Isiand, near the mouth of Lake Borgne, toyetber with the Arsenal at Raton Rouge; and Fort Jobson on the Gape Fear river, Wil be stiged and garrisoned by the troops of the respec- tivo States in which they lie, ihe South Carolina Commissioners considered che ab rups termination by the President of their bus with tin av grossly ineulting: to chemsetves and the Siate. They treat it asa declaration of war, and in this spirit they jest this city this morning for South Carolina. It is said the President yesterday returned their note withou comepen The motion was mude to-day in the Senate to yo into executive keggion onthe nomination of Mr. Melntire fo Goilecto” of the Customs in the neivuborhood of Charles: wn barber. He is a reeidento/ York county, Pennsyl. vania. The “ollowing resolutions were adopted to-day as ex- pressive of tho views “and feelings o: the Committee of Thurty-three, ‘The resolutions were ottered by Mr. Bris- tow, of Kentucky: — pived, That we reeognise slavery as now cxisting im Sfteen ‘or the United States by the usages and laws of those States, and we recognise no authority, le- gaily or otherwise, outside of a State where it so exists, to interfere with slaves or lavery in euch States, in dis” regard of the rights of their owners or the peace of society. Resolved, That we recognise the justice and propriety ofa faithful execution of the constitution nud “all”? laws made in pursuance thereof, including those on tho sub- ject of fugiuive slaves, as fugitives from service or labor, ‘and digcountenauce all mobs or bindrances to the execu: tien of euch luwe, aud that the citizens of each State shall be entitled to all the priviliges and immunities of the citizens of the several Siates, Resolved, That we recognise no such conflicting ele- ments in its composition, or sufficient cause from any* source for a dissolution of this government; that we ‘were not sent here to destroy, but to sustain aud harmo- nize tho institutions of the country, and to seo that equal justice is'done to all of the same, and finally to uate its existence on terms of equality and justice wall the states. Representative Pugh, of Alabama, left for home to day. Private despatches to Georgians say the indications are that the straight out secessionists have succeeded, and that Senator Toombe is lected a delegate to the State Convention. SHIRTY-SEXTH CONGRESS. SECOND EBLEION. Wasuiveron, Jan. 3, 1861. ‘The galleries and lobbies were aguin crowded. A message fram the House, informing the Senate of the passage of the Indian Appropriation bill, was received. THM CRITTENDEN KOSOLUTIONS. Mr. Buren, (opp.) of Pa., presented memorials, numer- ‘ously signed by the citizens of Philadelphia, asking the Benate to pass the Crittenden resolutions, also tbe pro- ‘ceedings of the public at Harrisinirg. He said meetings had deen beld in several places in that State, all bre: ing the spirit of loyal devotion to the whole country, and all expressing a desire to have the Crittenden resolutions passed. If Congress would only give the people an oppor- tunity, they would embrace it, and their friends at the South would discover that the people were ed to meet their complaints in a spirtt of conciliation and kind. ness. Mr. Crrrrenpes offered the following resolutions -— Whereas, the Union isin danger, and itis difficult, if not imponaible for Congres to cencur by the requigie wjority, 0. as to enable it to take such measures, to recommend the ‘States such amendinents to the constitution, as au Necessary to avert the danger. ‘Whereas, in #0 great_an emergency the opinion and judg ment of the people ought to be heard, There! ore Resolved, That provision be made by law without delay for taking the ‘sense of the people, and submitting w them the following fesolution:— q Resolved by the Senate and House of Representativ United States of America in Congress assembled, of both houses concurring, That the following agici are hereby, proposed and’ submitted as amendments 10 the constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as partof said constitution, when ratitied hy conventions of three-fourths of the several States:— ‘Art. 1. Inall the territory of the United States now held or hereafter acquired, situate North of latitude thirty-six d grees and thirty minutes, slavery or involuntary servit Except as & punishment for erime, is prohibited, while territory shall remain tinder Territorial government. tnall territory South of said line of latitude slavery of the Airican race \s Hereby recognized as existing, and shall not be interfer ed with by Congress; but shall be protected as Broperty byall the departments of the Territortal government during Its con neo: and when any Territory north or southot said line, within such boundaries as Congress may prescribe, shall com tuin the population requisite for a member of Congress, ac to the then federal ratio of represention of the peuple United States, it shall, if ite form of government be ublican, be admitted inte the Union on an equal footing with the original states, with or without slavery, as Lie con stitution of steh new State may provide. Art, 2. Congress shall have no power to abolish sla very in pierre under its exclusive jurisdiction, and within U mits of States that permit the holding of ala “Art, 3. Congress shall have no power to abolish slw Saat Mates of Vieginis und Maryland, or eithe ining States of Vi yland, or eit Jetthe consent of the inhabitants, nor without. Ju xation first made to such owners of slaves ws do not consent tosuch abolishment. Nor shall Congress at any time prohibit officers of the federal government or members of Congress, whose duties require them to be in said District, from bring ing with them thetr slaves and holding them, as such, curing the time their duties may require them to remuin (cre, an afterwards taking them Trom the Distriet, ‘Art. 4. Congress shall have no power to prohibit or iaindes the transportation of slaves from one State Territory in whieh slaves are by law perm whether that transportation be by land, na tinn: the sea, Mert Be That, in addition to the provisions of the third para graph of the second section of the fourth article of the consti tition of the United. Sta shall has vovide by law, and it shall United States’ shall pay to. the owner. wh for it, the full value of his fugitive slave, when the Marshal, or other ollicer, whos to arrest ‘ugitive, was prevented { by violence or intimidation, or when, after arrest, said (gi tive was rescued by force, ‘and the Owner thereby preseuted and obstructed in the pursuit of his remedy for ( covery of bis fugitive constitution and t in all such eases, uch fugitive, they shall have tie right in thet to sue ner, intionidat from it, with im them for said terest and damages, the amount pai fugitive slave. And'the said county, after it has uid aaid amount to the United States, may, ‘for it* indemnity, sue and recover from the wrong doers, oF rescuers, by whos owner was prevented from the recovery of his iugitive slo cr in like manner as the owner himself might have sued and AAT. & No future amendment of the cu the five preceding articles, nor the third paragrap! second section of the first articl of the consututios ‘Of the second section of the fourth a:ticle of said cot tution, and no amendment #hall be made to the stitution whieh Will authorize or give (o Congress any po Hlavory in any of the States by , there are others w ‘land may be remedied by ix the desire of v the j ion ¢ xislative power: and where; Tar as Its power will extend, U) remove all just cause poptilar discontent and agitation which now distur) te jou untry, and threaten the stability of ius instittion on the modiGed or changed ws » be repealed or to be made yi and that | ane ow Maro act or ap, whch te their operat quaree ant due exeoation void by (ite plain provisions Catted kuater. "Vet thovo Rtabe. dn iven calor to practions and leo to « structed the due administration nc t cially the acts savie and have thereby and commotion now prevailing, «0 Piesent perddaues juncture, doer ‘oly to Panbmmne the sererat States Which hove 6 tive enigeetions 9: oxDADAlion» oF them bring yised oF perverted to euch misshasvouy 10 "pawn What the wet of the eighieeuth oo Repent bubared and Aity, commonly aalled Le amended ast inwke ‘he mentioned in the eighth spetion cases decided by him, whee binder vt ahah imped a of w Warrant gor (he wition of atugitive slave jo summon {0 his comitatus, and whieh declares @ to be the duly 6 Citizens to ausist Nin in it# exeoution, ougit to be so amended as (oexpresaly limit the wuthority and duty in cases in wine theory shall be resisianes, or danger of resisiance or rese 4. Thal the lawn for ihe wupprension of the African, slave trw a esr those pri ting Importation | elares ito the vaned States, baght to be made effeetnal, sad dugh’ to de thoroughly exeedied, and all farther enartinnt= nee, sany to those ends ought tobe promptly made Mr. Coveravoey said something must be gone. It would be ae open shame to the goverament & ruin be allowed to sore on the country. The sacrifice ve made was comparatively worthless. The peace aud ty of aw ffreat omuntry were never purchased 80 cuemply y He would appead with confidevce to the peopte. have uw qrecteat interest in the government, Hoe hed vontidegs: that the people world give ood advive SPRRCH OF AOE. HAAR, OF OREGON, slutions wore laid ovis, aud the ontinushed ines: of yesterday taken up. Mr. Baxn, (rep. of , resamed his remarks. He saul he was of the won that discussion on ail poin® of difference was useful. tle was willing to meet all just cause of complaint on a fair and honora- bie way. Hv contended that We attack on the men of the North ior action in regard to the Territories was unjust, for mea of all classes in the North bolieved slavery the creature of local law. He quoted from Gen. Cake’ Speech at Detroit, in 1854, against the so-called q so from ‘the speech of Senator chinridge Club at Charlottesville, tints opinion of the Sonth in regerd to slavery had changed, and that her opinion was avainst the repeal of the Missouri Comproin've nd for the exten- sion of the system. Mr. Hoxna, (opp.) of Va the ‘South, though Congres slavery in the Try itories, Mr. Baxer said he undersioot gentlemen on ‘ho other side, some tine in thou tives, Were in fave” vk Os tablishing’a line Bet voon Creedom abd slavery Mr. Bexgaan, fopp.) of La., said be had never ad- mitied that Cougre-s haat any power to exclads slavery from any Teerltory. ‘Tho Soith had been in “avor of ex tted that t to restrict tending the Miser line as a matter of Compact merely Vir. Range thought we coukd do notiing asa matter compart & would violate the comstitution, thought if the Senator (rem 1. selence Unit Congrras had no right avery, he must have violuted his orth when! Yor such'ex ress Rad bo Sch power under vered. The law 1 (o prohibit siavery jeved Congress had no right under the coustitution to pass such aiaw, did he not viokwe hig oath when he rendered such a vote? He said the Senator from Louisiane, in a dreary cata logue, complained that (he government interfered with slavery in the South. Mr. Brvsamry eaid he did not complain of Congress, but of the States. Mr. Bake was glad to hear the chumpion of sievory admit that Congress hat not intertered, bat that his complaints were of the States, How could finois, for instanes, interfere with slavery in Virginia? Mr. BexsAwiy said ehe covld not by bill, but armed men might go w the State of Virginia and the United States arms and murder efulmen and try to excite slaves to revolt. A man in Massachusetts was found to sa; ib was right, and Massachusetts elected him Governor, thus endorsed murder. Massachusnits bad sent Senators here to abuse and villity the South, Mr. Bann said that was not a aeope of debate. He admitted that individuals might steal in slave states. ‘There were bad men everywhere. But this is no cause Oo} Beparation and war, Mr. BassaMin said thet the republican party intend to ind the slave States with tree states, so as to force that if even that were so, if wis no dir. BewsaMan—I gay decidedly, yes. Mr. A Proceeded to argue thatit was by acertaw way: oy re he actually be ony allies of the South, and that they were bound to re- turn slaves. France, taud or Russia would not do that. Ii the slaves shouki revo the North would be Dound to assist the South, and would do it. He argued that the right of free speech could not be controlled in a free country, or a free press, which was a greater safeguard toa free country. He would not restrict these to avert civil war, or maintain slavery. The great principle of free government would not be surrendered. Come weal, come woe, slavery shall never be oxtended by the powers of the government of the United States. He would not 76 one inch to seceasion, but there were things which ‘would yield, them the repeal of the Personal Liberty bills, should 1 Supreme Court provosince, them unconstitutional. Mr. Clay said,and be would say, jeld not one inch or word to secession. He woul +4 to make ali the Territories States now, and diet the people decide on slavery, but be ‘would never agree to protect rlavery im the name of Referring to power, “he said, did'nt it Jook w little ax though, because they hat lost the oftices the South had gat up this rebellion. He said after all he had great confidence su the loyalty of the poopie of the South. He heard loyal sentiments everywhere, and could see the clouds breaking, aud he was not without » that with tine to allow the feverioh heat to sub el remain sate, if trusted to the hands of the people. Senator from Louisiana had said that a State actually had seceded, and we must ac knowledge its independence or make war. He sail be would not acknowledge its independenc thought it no very strange thing if a gre: had sometimes to ensorce law. of Gen. Jackson in regard to col.ec enue when South Carolina anee before revolted, a3 an answer to the Senator from Logigiana when he asked how we would col- Joot the revenue —* And aby th tained and the Union presory words of Webster's speceh in reply to Hayne. eH OF MIE, DOT Mr, Dovorss, Copp.) of Hl, asked that the report of the Committee of Thirteen be taken up. Mr. D. proceed ed toaddress the Senate. He said no act of his pablic LAS. life ever pave him much pain ns to for the resolution, The comunittee could not agi In order to see the real cause of the troubles we must go back of the late election. We should assume that whenever Congress undertook to act on the question very, discord and agitation were sure to follow Congress let the question alone ¢ ferred to the excitement at th e was enacted. The fearft as ly ander this variety of opinion. But no one objected, tended (hat live. Again California aud New Mexico were acquired, and the e sion of the line to the Pacilic ocean was demanded. records show that he reported, as Chairman of the Com. mittee on Territories, « resolution Ww extend the Line to the Pacitic. ‘This was adopted in the Senate, but when it was sent tothe Honse it was rejee! by Northern votes, ‘That opened the tlood gates of the agitation of 1848, whieh: was only settled by the compromise of 1850. When we settle this question in the Territories, thon we shall settle it entirely. ‘The abolitionists could never have brought the Union to the verge of dissolution, but for the qu in th Territories. it’ was a rejection of the extension of that — tine in 1848 that reopened the agitation. ‘The arguments of 1819 and 1820 wer J. ‘The positions of the North a 1 purest patriots in the med, and Mr. Clay came back to the Senate to seo if he could not bring back peace. He found no trouble with the Soathern inembers, but be could tind no eupport of this line from the North. The Missourt line was abandoned, because its friends <aid they could not carry it out in good faith. Then they turned’ to sce what next was best, ‘There was a desire to take the question out of Congress, aud secure of the country At eet it was leave the question to the poople of the Terriveries themselves. ‘The records show that ly: supported both compromices, and or sau awons. Peace fa all over the country. But in 1853—4 it became ne rritory of Kansas and the bill, detertn to organize the committee, in the compromi they had ull been, in favor of the Missouri! compre as long as it could be carried ont. A hueand-ery was immediately raised that the comiuittee were violating » sacred com promise. But the bill did not mention the Missouri compromise, — Hut ive people — the power of settling the question themeolves The history of the government migth be three parts. Before 1820 the raiment Territories, but ail wasfpeace 1820 was settled ul! was peace had a continual cont r the gain tul 4340. sy, and the sonth tl vt thy We now wih!) invad to the plunged the ‘y into this folly for wny man not to see f resnlt o: the recent election, i cireunetanees with whic! people of the South to luxed come has discord. It is connection with all the it is surrounded, have led the » the conviction thet it is a niey of the dominant party of te North to in and destroy their constitutional right ready to rush, rashly f think, tmto ail tue revelation and disenion, rather (han ty they think the imp ¢ blew which asogs ov The Senator from Oho (Mr, Wide) — sel and they horrors of omit to what er them, the ¢ a of mk Southern people bo blame then: as be « Jemooracy’, had uprercated porpates and — policy whieh wi ‘ hreatens them with ve sive them scourtty. It anauters a davgera were real of imaginory, if Ube Sou wople aro propared to take n poaition whidh wi! plunge vs ime dsunion and discord forever. Lemme: that any on thie foor should have in trodneed party politics, and eudeavored i make party question aifecting the poae aut vafety “But ie % nator has attempted fo for the respons whethe gy who work pravente. i would that party to coniine slavery within ite p the neten of tho fuleral government? WV the poitey of that party w exclude slave ritor ioe we now poneew#, or DY we my quire’ Whethor, or not, that perty are lu turning fugitives to their masters from w: eweape’ In abort, Twill give lim the opportunity of e ine now, whether at te not che potter of that party to 4 ert ail the powers of the foderal yovernment, vuder ‘1 coustitution, according to their invernretation of ther ust it We res and copper the slavery, with a viow Ue ite "btn States, old as well as new. Norir we the speech lo w wake auswer. 1 Lowe mothing bo ol. te i ’ 1 did not eKPOet AG HAtEQHIEHES Unewor I know too we'! that Soo tor will not domy the each ol these interrogator. los capras is uelty and the poliey of tae reyoh! an arty, as we tu it. The Barebest thing hive evtd oF the ropautiona party was that they intended to ueo the power of government with & wlew to the ultimate extinetion | one a i] of avery, not only in the Territories bot. in States of the Union, T have said, and have belived t, and T would rejoice now to be correetet, ‘hit it’ is the policy of this party to prohibit . in wh the Territories of the United Stat wr owned or hereafter acquired, with a view to sucronn tine the slaves with a cordon of abolition States, sud t keop slavery contined till the number increas’ be the capacity of the soil to feed them, and thus furee ler to die of starvation, as a moans of getting rid of the ov of slavery in the name of hemanity and Obristiw have said that in Illinois, in the abolition portio State, but never said it ina slave State. [have ¢ been exceedingly mild in speaking of that part slavebolding States, But inasmuch as I did not ob answer from the Senator who males th against the Northern democracy, I w)ll refer to the “on menta of the President eivct, and see what he says on th subject, The republicans have taken pring ta pr !iel reports of the debates between Mr. Lincoln and myself and T may say they are unfair to me, as Mr. lineotn had | an opportunity to ‘correst his speeches, and th struck ont many portions of my replies. (Mr then read from Mr. Lincoln’s speech, where hoe sp the House being divided against itself, aud that tt must come, and theStates must ail become one thi the other, ‘&c., and proceeded.} When the repabli eovunittee publish an elition of Mr. J incoln’s speeches containing sentiments hike these, is it surprising Uhat the people of the South thinic he was in earnest, aud intend ed to carry out the policy which he then’ announced I should not revive such revolutionary — seuti ments but for the attempt to cast “the re sponsibility. upon the Northern democracy, clear! intimating that Mr, Pagh and myself were the chief au tuors of these misrepresentations. I would like to dnd auy one man on that side of the chamber, in the con- fideiice of the President elect, who would deny that it 1s policy to carry out the very things to which ! have re- ferred. I foel bound, however, and take pleasure in saying, that I don't’ belleve’ the Southern States are in ayy danger, or ought to have any appre hension, tRat Mr. Lincoln or his party can do any harm the | } | THE or vender insecure their rights to persons or pooper! y woywhere in this country. I have some faith that Mr. Lineoin, after having emerged from the surroundings of a smut! country village, and assumed tho hich responsibilities of administering the law and pro rights of a great nation, will sink % im the patriot, and abandon the oxtreme Bat be that as it may, neither he nor bis party wiil have power to invade the rights of any Stato in this Union, | had hoped, therefore, that the Southern peupie would have been content to remain in the Union and vindjeate their right in the Union uuder the consti tution, fustoad of rushing into revolution and prepiring themselves to meet whatever consequence may follow. ‘This apprehension has become widespread, and taken pos session of the southern mind and sank deep into the South. ern heart, and filled them with the conviction that their tiresides, their family altars, their domestic institutions, are to be rudely assaile! through the machinery of the federal government. The Senator from Ohio telis us be don’t blame you Southern Senators for believing these things, and yet instead of doing those acts which will relieve your apprehensions, and render it impossi lo that these outrages should be perpetrated, talks about foree, war, armies and navies. In the name of the Union, who are the disunionists? Those who pur- sue a line of policy calculated to destroy the Union, and refuse to arrest that policy, or disavow that par: pose, whenghey see that revolution has taken place. {f such be not your Tolley, why pot say so? If you never intend to do what the South’ think is your purpos>—and which yeu do not blame them for thinking—what harin is there in making such ame nts to the constitution aa will render it impossible for you to do so? But wo are told that the Union must be preserved and the law must be enforced. I agree to that. Iam in favor of doing al) these things, according to the constitution and the laws. No man will go farther than J to maintain the Union and enforce the laws, to put down rebellion and insurrection, and to'use all ‘the power conferred by the constitution for that purpose. But we must look the facts in the face. We must take notice of those cannot be de things whose existence nied. History teaches us that rebellion often becomes suc. cessful. Revolution, and the greatest repablies and proudest monarchies have found it necessary to recog- nise the existence of a government, de facto, in the re dellion of States and provinces. Sueh was the condition OF the American colonies for seven years after the Decla- ration of Independence. At first it was rebellion, and rebellion was treason. A few months afterward it was sevolution and government de facto at Philadelphia, Mr. ‘k President, and Washington commander of the ee. Rebellion had ceased and revolution taken its ‘he American colonies were in revolt, had go nts de facto, and Great Britain, proud as sue was, pelled to recognise the existing state of laws of nations and all the laws ilization demanded that the government de facto Knowledged. But the laws must be enforced, In ‘our system of government the laws are to be enforced by civil authority, assisted by the militia and poste comilatns, when the Marshal is resisted, If the colonies, or a State, revolt, the revolution js complete. When the federal authorities are expelled, and no one man left to acknow ance t the United states, how are you going he laws then? How are you going to do it in She has ed an ordinance of seces I deny her right to secede, but she has ‘The revolution is complete. She has no human his You us we must enforce the laws. Tam in favor of that must be enforced according to the constitution and lows. Under our constitntion, laws can only be en forced against criminals; and those of us who are in fa of the constitation and the Union, must be careful that w do wot perpetrate the very things which we denounce as criminal in these seceding States. And South Carolina does not stand alone. We are told that seven other States will follow her, and we have reason to apprehend that seven more States may follow them. The answer is, we must entorce the laws. reply is, you cannot enforce awe in countries not in your possession, [deny that we have the right to make war in order to regain posses- ion, inorder toeaforce the law. Are we prepared for war? J do not mean prepared in the sense of having soldiers, arms and munitions; but are we prepared in our hearts for war with our brethren’ While | affirm that the con. tion was intended to form « perpetual Union—while the right to use all lawful means to enforce the aws—yeu L will not meditate war, nor tolerate the idea, until aiter every effort at adjustment has been tried an failed dud all hope nion is gone. Then, and not tilt then, ‘will I delibe and determine what course my will require of me. | am for peace, to save the Union. War is disunion, certain, inevitable, flnal and irrepressible. Our own very existence forbids war. He referred to the purchase of Louisiana, aud suid it was purehased for the benelit of the whole Union, and for the safety of the upper Mississippi in particular. The pos- session of that river now is more necessary than it was then. We cannot expect the people of the interior to ad- mit the right of a foreign State taking possession of that river. He also referred to the purchase of Florida, aud the amounts paid, and asked if she could yo cut now. The President, in Lis Message, first said we could not coerce a State to remain in the Union,. ina few sentences be advi the acquisitiod of u. Asif we should pay $200,000,000 for Cuba and then the next day she might secede and reannex herself to Spain and Spain sell heragain. He had admitted that Texas cost us a war with Mexico and 10,000 lives. In the name of the 7,000 gallant men from Illinois, who fought those battles against the right of that state to secede. Mr. Heapmits., (opp.) of Texas, asked if the protection of Texas was the only reason of the war, and if the United States paid auything to Texas for the land, aud if sion. done it. being in her borders to acknowledge our authority. is all wrong, but how are you going to holp it? we did pot acquire California from that — war. Mr. Dovatas sud the only Cause of compinint of Mexi- co was the annexation 0 Pex tual only pavich xas $10,000,000 for seme ) He said the ¢ ad she id not own. intended to cession under the constit and good f He said tuere could be no t without Coercion, but Coercion must be ased mode prescribed by law. This i aot coercion in # State where wo authority government remains, we are bound Wo fecoguize verniuent de facto, when the State maintain= individual way. The man who loves the Union, who loves to see the laws enforced, will love to see rebellion put down. How does be intend to entorce the wh & BeCed ny State except by making war. In his opinion we had reached int wheu disunion was inevitable unless a compromise, founied on concession preferred eto War aud cor No compromise would be available w the questi y beywad Congr voted for the of the Senator (rom K {Qir. Critvenden) ‘and was ready to vote tor hy cannot the republicans unite on the Migsour) Com. promi line They had heaped curses ad (or repealing it,to be glad now t :e-establish it, He had helped to support that measure till he war compelled to abuudon it, He was willing now to meet on terms of mutual couceswon. fe tual « another proposition to leave the Territories in tag quo till they haye 60,000 inhat u( then settle the question themme! nigh oo bis negroes, i the republicans do in the States, why u stitution, Ao they cunno' ment of some sort now. [i canuet be postponed. We are inastate of revolution [t . cmpromise or war He preferred compromise. He said it diamant to the « ie LE a Bettie the Senators on the other side siete party. Let the people ue: le qneet coubt the people of Maussaclm@etts ave " to slavery extension, but le thought i the questions ‘were submitted today—the resulitions of the Senator from Keutucky-—they would ratify them. He argued against making war ay: .ust 10,000,000 people He ed there was an eternal separation. bal he woul’ not consider war till all hype was pase other way or recourse left, to anforee the law ing Saate, except to make War aud bring the Your possession first and then entore the liw alterws ‘A war between eighteen States @a the one wide. ae teen States on the other, i* to me a revolting thing. For what purpose is the wart) be waged’ Cor tainly not for the purpose of preserving the Union. Ehave too much respect for gentiemen on the other side of the chamber , collectively and individually. to betiove there is mong them who does not know thet war @ You cannot expect to exterminate ten millions of people, whose passions are excited with he belief that you ncan to invade their homes and light the flawes of im irrection in their midst. You must expect to exter. minate them, or subjagate them, or vise, when you hive got tired of war, to make a treaty with thom. No matter whether the war laste one year, of seven voars, or thirty years, it must hove aa ond at gome tone, Seower or later, both partios will become Lire t (CONTINUED ON EIGHTH PAGK) TRALASH AM, ClE UN BOARD TR FROM EPROPE, ARRIVAL OF TH te ce eed see = TWO | THE TREATY WITH CHINA CONFIRMED, Interesting Particulars from *the French Commander. COOLIE TRADE 70 BE AUTHORIZED, ® AND THE DUTCHIES. DENMAF Why a Pritish Micct Was Ordered to the Gulf of Mexico. AUSTRIA AND VENETIA. The Engtisi Press om the President’s Message. THE LONDON MONEY MARKET, ADVANCE IN COTTON AND BREADSTUFFS, Bey Bey &c. The steamehip Australasian, Capt. Hockley, from Liver- pool 22d and Queenstown on the evening of the 234 ult., arrived at this port about half-past throe o’sloek yoster- day morning. Her advices are two days later than thozo msly received. She brings £265,000 sterling or $825,000 wn epecie. SPECIE LIST. £804 Bank Kepublic, N.Y. 4 jordon & Co. «£1,600 Rall & Co . a) 650 M. Morgan & Son . , Oonn.. 1,703 Ludwig, Marx & Co. . Ww. Oe 1,000, Marcell Battya.... ver Wesslar & ( : Order, Doliner, Potts 4. H. French & Co, Samuel ¥. Tracy. F. R. Albortis, Moreinga & Pelzipic. son jekerson & Co Rt. J. Bruck & Co. Brown, Bros. & Go. J. H. Brower & Co... 1,500 Order. ieee Ferguson & Grain... ..50,000 Tappan & Starbuck... P.Harmonys,Nep.&Co 2,000. Cauard 222,500 Hewes & ‘Crowell, Williams & Guion... 10/000 Boston... . ie bins 4 J.G. King’s Sons, N.Y. 1,806 Total, £165,504 The Glasgow touched at Queenstown on the evening of the 20th, and reached Liverpoo! on the evening of the ist. The Arago arrived at Southampton on the evening of the 21st. In consequenee of Christmay holidays, the departare of the Glasgow from Liverpoo! and "he Bremen from South- ampton had been postponed Ul) Thureday, the 27h ult. Ii iv announced that, notwithstanding the Atlantic Tole er mpany haye a@pent all their money, the directors have,determined, at their own expemse, to Keep tho uae dertaking a#oat, in the hope that, at some future time, the capital required for the renewa! of its operations will be provided. ‘They consider the privileges obtained by the company as too valuable to be lightly throwa away, ‘The weather in England was quite cold and wintry, and he country was covered with snow, in some places to a dorable depth funeral of the Parl of Abord 2iet ult., at Stanmore. the religions service. rs were tho Duke of Newcastle, Earl Clarendon, Sir James Grabam, Mr. Glad stone, Mr. Cardwell argi the Farl of Duikeita. All the reports which arrive from our correspondents took placo on the { Oxford performed at Vienna and Berlin, preclute any doubt aa to the inten tions of the two great ¢ 2 Powers to demwand—this time in axerious way—the re-establishment, according to the stip fu ty of peace of 1862 with ark, of the constitutional rights guaranteed to the Lies of Holstein and Ladeubourg, whieh form am 1 part of the Denish monarehy INTERESTING PROM CHINA The British Foreign Office, on Thursday, the 20th, ie sued the two following notifications Lo the newspapers — Fonmon Ovrice, Dec, 26, 1860. Sir John Crampton reports yesterday that Lord Rigin, io a letter of the Sth of November, gives information of ibe rativeation and publication of the treaty with China, and march of the to Tien-tain, His Lordship makes no mention of the prisoners, but says that he {s indebted to jeneral Ignatiet! for the manner in whieh that minister pmoted the object of his negotiations. Loudon Times denounces the razh course jof Mr. kes, and charges him with having caused the capture of the prisoners. The London Globe defends Mr. Parkes ‘rom the ebarge, and saye the capture resulted from po fault of bie. By the last steamer we received particulars of tho bch treaty, but nothing had transpired relative to the terms obtained by England. ‘The Mvniteur publishes the following A despatch from Baron Gros to the government of the Fmperor, transmitted from Pekin by way of St. Pete: dated the 7th of November, confirms the pews signing of peace between the brother of tho Emperor and the Vienipotentiaries of France and of Fogland. The ultimatum of has been ac cepted. The bones = of the ratifications of the taken place, Sixty millions as an indemnity to were to be paid down on the 30th of emigration of coolies is permitted by government. ‘The churches, cemeteries, and formerly bel to’ the Christiane caroughout empire, will be restored to them through the medium of the Minister of France ‘The Momiteur also publishes the following:— Certain organs of the English press persist with tne inoat inexplicable obstinacy in entertainiag their readers with accotiuts of fabulous spoil with which every French soldier will return after the pretended sack of the Impe- rial palace of Pekin, ‘The only reply we can give i# to publish textually a letter written by General de Montau- ban to bis Excellency the Marehal, Minister of War, dated the st of Getober, “It will be remembered that the am- bassaders of France ond of England entered Pekin on the 221 of October, and that peace was signed on the 26th:— Hixapquarrmne Beroak Prxis, Oct, &, 1860. Moxemcr if MARRCHAL—=It Was agreed between Genoral (rant ond myself to proceed to Yuen-ming-Yuen, the treaty of ‘Tien-tsin of franes are to be France: 3,760, November up by roads, thickets, e., that army lost their way, and | arrived im front of the palace, which was in charge of a Tortar guard. Despite « loug amd fatiguing march I ordered the palace to be oceupied at seven o'clock in the even- ing, aud foreing an entrance | had two officers and some soldiers wounded, The Tartars evaenated the Palnce entrusted to their care and lost some men, one inferior mandarin being killed in the courtyard, I or. dered the palace to be oecupled falar te, ie menee early gext morning. is impos! me i describ you now he srondors of tinge” rial habjtation. Notli europe an ‘such hveary. [shall not attempt to desoribe its dor in these hasty lines. | shall have the honor to to your Excellency at greater length by next mail to give 1) deseription. | strong posts at all the outlets of the "0 jug might be disturbed until our all » to whom [immediately sent information. A few hours afterward they arrived, and a portion (nega ak having joined my column | appoi twe was that the two armies shonld conjointly exercise a two Freach olficers to see that control. Genera! Grautand Lord Migin having arrived, we ap pointed ‘hree comuis#ioners of each nation to make a division of the mest precious objects; In this divigion I recommended our Commissioners to select only objects of, value for (iv sake of art or antiquity: | hope to send to your Excellency, for bis Mayesty the Emperor, and for the great collect of goverument, or for the Museu of Artillery, some rere carianities for France, Tam ot present awaiting (he artival of Baron Gros, who ts to join me bere, Lora Elwin being here . sort of conveation has taken place Prinoe » Regent of the Finpire, and the General, in name of the two Generals-in-Chief, mae 1 Pekin to treat, be han gone sore. eighe foegkes come to Pekin to treat; somo off, and the Emperor is in Tartary. T beg of you, Mle Mareohal, t> esoage the atyle of thie i