The New York Herald Newspaper, December 31, 1860, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERAL y WHOLE NO. 8880. MORNING EDITION—MONDAY, DEOKM THE REVOLUTIONARY CRISIS. Special Message of the President on the Action of South Carolina. / | "Biles of the Seiaure of the National Property on the South. » The Reasons for Secretary Floyd’s Resignation. The Whole of the Five Miion Loan Taken at Twelve Per Gent. Another John Brown Excite- Letter to the President on the Present Crisis. THE CHARLESTON FORTIFICATIONS. ~ The Rev. Dr. Vinton and Henry Ward Beecher on the Crisis, Rory dey OUR WASHINGTON DESPATCHES. ae. Wasnrxeron, Dec. 30, 1860. ‘The course pursued by the authorities of Bouth Caro- ‘Moa in taking forcible possession of all gevernment pro- porty within their limite, and the seizure of the United States revomue cutter yesterday, and other outrages “which they are daily perpetrating, is not approved of or Bustained by one man in ten of most extreme Southern men here, If they expect the sympathy or co-operation of their ‘brethern here or elsewhere they must restore 20 the government all the property in their limits and wow in their possession, and desist from further de- predstions. They are pursuing the very course which » willdefeat the ends and objects aimed at, which is to ‘woe the South with them. They have made an fesue with the government of the United States, and ‘the President must accept it. ‘The Southern States will not stand by them in their {msanc movements. The President has a clear @ty to perform, and he will not shrink from it. South Carolina «bas forced it apon him. A distinguished and most sagacious statesman, who has long been connected with offices of high trust, has J Prepared a letter upon the present crisis to the President. Lam permitted to make the following extract: — In all ills that befal men and nations, patriotisin seeks + ‘Me remedy and correction. History is ransackei for examples and* parallels. In our present calamities the past furnishes no guide, no clue of extrication, Lincoln, whom no merit raised to eminence, is yet placed position to pour oi! upon the troubled waters, but he ‘will not. “He has been appealed to in the most solewn manner to rise superior to party shackles and sectional Digotry—to come out from his soul boding seclusion, aud ; address an afflicted country with that language of roe surance whieh he alone can utter. Mo bas bad lime upon lime, but under the duress of party be remains dumb, and shows no sign, )» ¢ Under there circumstances the gloom lecpens end deepair is universal, and men who love their country and would dic to save our Union, are forced to consi ter whether some way may not be made. If no way be found, the President of the United States is Commander ‘Chief of the Army and Navy. He possosses, in fact « @ictatorial powers in an emergency like that which oxjete. He could assemble a strong military force at the capital, and place it under the of General Sectt. He ‘might insite volunteer corps all the States to form and hold themselves in readiness to place the country under martial law, and make a final appeal to the people ‘to aid in saving a nation. + Weare in revolution and revolutionary measures must de resorted to. We noed a dictator and some concentra- tion of power formidable enough to inspire respect and eonrmaand that confidence among patriotic and conserva. tive citizens every where, which will rendér its safe and ‘Pounden duty for better elements to rally in overwhelm. ? ‘mg force and numbers to the rescue. Sach resort may de dernier, but it ought to be accepted, and would be ac- cepted by all good Citizen me an imperative executive uty. i ‘The President is still engaged upon his special Message. Mf completed in time it will be communicated to Congress ~ to.morrew. The policy which the President will indicate is not known, but that it will be a wise and statesman- like one I have no doubt. He has been urged by many to suggest some mode of eotation whereby peace to our country may be restored. His olicitade now is to avert civil war, ¢ He ie of opinion we are rapidly drifting im that direction. Tiearn this evening that the New York Bank of Com- meroe telegraphed to the Secretary of the Treasury, late yeuterday, that they would take the balance of the five million loan at twelve per cent., which, after consulta. thon with the President, was accepted. pointed Secretary of War ad interim. ‘The city is filled with numberices canarde to-night, all of am exciting nature, but of so unsnbstantial a character that it would be useless to burthen the wires with their * parport ‘asunseror, Deo. 20, 1860. No important developements have been made since our net despatches. Tho city is today very quiet, the talk being confined to speculations respecting the Presi- ~ dent's forthcoming special message. ‘There was but one political diturbanoe reported today. A party of secessioniste were drinking at the bar of one of the principal hotels, and one propose! the toast, “Here is to secossion."’ At that moment a Uaion |, man exclaimed, and “here you have it hiteing the se. y eessionist a blow that knocked bim down. The row | ended there. Some of the Senaters and representatives from the frontier States have been in consultation amd approve the proposition of Mr. Woodson, of Missouri, having for ite * foundation that, sepration being inevitable, @ reconstruc. tom of the Union upon the sonsbern basis is the only solu- iow of pending political que+tions. It is recommended that the slaveholding State= should withdraw, taking the pre Peat constitution, with additional lauses explanatory of it« + trae intent and meaning, a cayounded by the decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred Soolt case, i which it i supposed New York, Penn ‘Iwania, Obie, Indians, {ilinoie, towa and New ptersey would unite, The argument ie, the ro gt Saining States would nevemarily be (oriaed into two dis- t wet of New Bngland one and the | Pa title States the other, at ‘under the pro- sen } constitution of the UCoited States, with ameh mod it | cat: D8 a8 Would adapt it to their respective pecaliar mocigl systems aad pubhe continents, thus forming « or confederacy uniting Lhe differont sections in all the cam ‘tial powers and purposes of national defences ‘and inte “Bational commerce Senater Crittenden will propose Lie reeokutions to-mor. row im the Benate, as « direct proposition to be submit. ou a vou 2 Of the people of the United States, The same will be Offered in the House, A DIM for the pay- of the expenses of toking the vote will also be Rice's p Voporttion to divide the Turritories—a0 North, anc’ t willow the people to do as they Col. Cooper, Adjutant General, will, it is said, be ap-. pleage south of agiven line—meets more favor. With the addition of Senator Bigler’s proposition thet the sub- Ject ebail be referred to the people, the project is not con- sidered unreasonable. But as matters stand now, it ap- pears next to impossible that any definite line of harmo- nious action con be reached. Ke Senator Wileon, just returned ‘rom Massachusetts, says the republicans there are stronger than ever in their faith. He states that the democrats and Bell men told him that now was the time to settle the question of slavery; that the Bailey robbery, the course of the ad- minietration regarding the Charleston forts aad the se- cession movement generally in South Carolina, the con- tinual resignations of Cabinet Ministers and the appear- ances of a {nal break up of the administration were the causes that confirmed his (Wilson’s) constituents in their determination to dispose of the question new and for- ever. Whon asked how they would dispose of it, the Senator intimated that remained to be seen. Another excitement hag broken out in the Charlestown, Va., region. Numerous anonymous letters are being ro- ceived by people there, threatening ail sorts of mischief Hon. A. R. Boteler, representative from the district, as Just received one, similar to the, one it may be re- membered received at the War Department on the nigbt of the John Brown raid, in which the writer pretends to expore a pict for another jnroad into Virginia, in which @ force of seven thousand men are enlisted, 4 In addition to the patrol already established, it is pro- posed to orvanize a foree of several hundred men for the protection of the Virginia border counties. The reason assigned in these threatening letters for the new raids ls (o avenge the death of John Brown. ‘Wasimscton, Dec. 30, 1660. ‘Thege seems to be reasons for the belicf that Licuten- ant eral Seott, several days ago, submitted to the President a plan in writing for the blockade of Charles. ton, reinforcing strongly all the Southern garrisons and suggesting other military preparations, This however, it is said, was vot received with favor. The ground assigned in Secretary Floyd's letter of re- signatien was the refvsal or delay of the President to consent tg an order withdrawing tho troops from Fort Sumpter. "In the Secretary’s opinion this was incum- bent op the administration, from the following circum- stances:—With a mutual desire to avoid civil war and Diooisbed, it had been agreed by tho administration that there should be no change in the condition of things in Charleston harbor, and by South Carolina that she would make no attack wpon tho troops or property of the United States. The movement of Major Anderson was a violation of this solemn agree- ment, which could not be repaired except by ‘withdrawing the troops, which was thus demanded by the honor of the government. While both branches of Congress are engaged in endeavors to settle the sectional controversy, it was deemed the duty of the government to maintain relations of peace with the Southern Statee, Mr. Floyd, it is said by his friends, will soon return to Virginia, to follow out his policy of restraining, to the ex- tent of his power, any act which will lead to bloodshed, and exert himself, if disolution becomes inevitable, to its reconstruction. The'President accepted the resignation of Gov. Floyd the same day it was tendered. ‘The Charleston Courier, of Friday, says:— Major Anderson has achieved the unenviable distine- tion of opening civil war between American citizens, by an act of gross breach of faith,” and that, “he has virtu- ally and grossly violated a solemn pledge, given by his chief and accepted by South Carolina—that he had all possible assurances Sovth Carolina that his honor position and duty would be respected until.a proper and open declaration of war, In ite details of Major Anderéon’s movements the Ovurier say ss— The evacuation of Moultrie commenced a little after sundown on Wednesday. The men were ordered to hold themselves in readiness, with kuanencks packed, but up to the moment of jew had no idea of abandoning the fort. They were reviewed on parade, and were then ordered totwo schoonere lying in the vicinity, where they were embarked, taking with them all the necessary stores, & Several trips were made during the night under cover of which agreat part of the provisions and camp furniture were transported. A greater on of the labor expended on fort Moultrie was upon the citadel or contwe of the weet point ol Ube position. Tow citadel M aderson had strengthened fh every way; loop. holes ‘were cut and everthing 9 arranged thit in case a well concerted attack was nade, ho would have retired from tho outer bastions w the cliwlel, and afterwards blown up the other portions of the fort. For this purpese mines had already been sprang and trains laid ready for the application of the match. The Dorrack rocms and every other part of the fort that was indefensille would have goue ata touch. On the ram. arte of the fort fronting Fert Sutpter were nine §-inch jumbiads, mounted on wooden carriages. AS soon at ¢ evacuation was complete these carrliges were burnt, d the gune thereby dismounted. These guns, as well as those constituting the entire armament, were spiked De fore the fort was abandoned. This is the only damage done to the fortifications Garther than cutting down the flagetaff, and es of ammunition wagons to form ramperts on the walls of the fort. The confasion could bot have been more complete had the lave occupants re- tired in the face of a besicging foe. The eutire place wag littered up with the odds, ends and fragments of war's desolation. The spiked guns and thoee dismantled y the burning of the carriages will soon be in a position > respond to any hostile dersonstrations against the place. Tt is not certain that Major Anderson and forces will remain at Port Sumpter. They may be remanded to Fort Moultrie, provided satisfactory assurance can be that they will not be there attacked by the South Caroli- nians. PROCEEDINGS OF THE HOUSE COMMITT OF THIRTY-THRER. Washivenow, Deo. 20, 1840. ‘The Committee of Thirty-three on Saturday cons\iered Mr, Nelson's proposition for tion, being substantially those offered by tenden. On motion of Mr. Corwin, the Committee struck out the words “or bererfter required,” 80 that adivision on the line of 36.90 may be applicable only to territory now held by the United States. The seventeen yeas were composed of the repodlicans, with Messrs Davie, of Maryland. and Stout, of Oregon. The nays, ten, were all from the slave Stater, with the exception of Mr. Burch, of California. ‘The question on the adoption of the artiele ay a:mended was negatived. Yeue—Meesre. Bristow of Ky., Burch of Cx!.. Hamil. Phelps reached made it clear to his mind that there would be no agreement by the committee upon the proposition for the adoption of amendments to the existing Constitution which would be effectual for the settlement of the issue now pending between the (wo great sections of the coun- try, crowing ont of the slavery question, and that in consequence it was his purpore to take vo farther part im the deliberations of the committec, and it was his de- termination not to vote "pon any other propositions pend. ing before {t. He further stated that he did not intend to resicn bie place on the committee, that it was bis lotention t remain 9 8 position which wouk enable him tt join im the minor. rity report upon the subjects submitted to the commit- toe, if that shouki become necessary or appear desira- ble, Therenpoo Mr. Taylor, with Messrs, Winslow, of North Carolina, and Houstoo, of Alabama, left the com. mittee room 7 Mr, Adams offered a resolution declaring it expedient that all New Mexico be admitted, as soon ax may be, asa State, on an equal footing with the original States, and that the committee cause to be prepared an enabling bill for that purpose. Agreed to, 12 against 10; one-third of the committee absent or mot votinf. The only two from the slave States were Bristow, of Kentucky, and Davis, of Maryland. These facts are abreviated From the Official proceed- ing®, the injunetion of secrecy having been removed. OUR WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENCE. Waseinetos, Deo. 20, 1960. The Charleston Ports—What Haa Major Anderton Dows ?— New Parties to Grow Up, de The movement to Fort Sumpter aatares ti the federal government the military occupation of Charleston harbor for a* long 4 time as may be desired. There i no doubt that Major Andersan might have held Fort Manitrie, oven with bie Landfol of men, wit the government thonght Proper (© reinforee bim or uxder him to deeiat. At the BER 31, 1860. D Sally porte. 4 Barracks for the soldiers. Officers 5 “i ef water on east ride eixteen to vight- ¥ . THE CHARLESTON FORTIFICATIONS. Topographical Sketch of Fort Guniijlien. proximity to Fort Sumpter. eame time there would be just aa little doubt of its ulti- mate reduction, even when the garrison had been in- created to ite full complement. The case is very different with Fort Sumpter, for everything like regular approach to it by engineers is ont of the question, and the nearest batterice that can be erected against it mmust be placed op Point Cummings, distant 1,360 yar As for esealad og a casemated work like this, only attainable by water, it would be absurd, even when the garrison is so trifil Immediate reduction of this fort is therefore not poesible for the State, thoagh it might be effectod in course of time, by extended earthworks armet with rified cannon and heavy mortars, aseistod by a large number of like ordnance from the beach near Fort Mou! trie, But long before anything like necessary propara- tion could be made the question would be resolved some other way. In a military sense, then, Major Anderson has taken the best couree in his power to defend bis charge, which it {s supposed was the {tenor of hie instructions. Not boing able to occupy all the forts, he bas retired to that which ig most defensible, and whieh he can hold as jong es he is ordered to do so, Ina political sense the affair has alto- gether another aspect, and may add to the complications which beset tho President; for it is taking a firmer hold of the position, and in fact reinforces it, though not with men. And yet the President is entirely innooont of the measure, whether for good or for ill. It ls the act of | an officer, under general and previous instructions, pur suing his dut; the best of his ability. Therefore | it should not hasten the action of the State, though it way do so. Of itecif it i of littl: consequence, Fort Sumpter being too far from the city for annoyance (6,800 yards, 5% milee), and with but little power over the na- Vigation, particularly as Fort Moultrie ws virtually given subordinate to what may be done by the people or their representatives towards ting the present troubles to a pleasont iseue, and should in no wise be permitted to interfere with the measures to this ond. Suppose at the woret that South Carolina cannot be appeased, and that the federal government is resolved to pursue a coercive course, the most effective plan would be to suspend the law making Charleston a of entry, and exhibit one then evenhanded or two war steamers off — But Pt ee would require a gener: jon of this policy, ina tore the, sph ification vvery eo Maasachasetts and other he right of entry nt Part Executive and the crumbs. Is that not enough? THE SOUTH CAROLINA CONVENTION. Cx uumtox, Dec 90, 1860, The Convention met to-day at ten o'clock After prayer the journal was read. ‘The President received a communication from Governor F. W. Pickens, through his private secretary, whoread it. The Governor thereip nominated the following Coun seliors of State — Hons, D. F. Jamison, of Barnwell, A. G. MoGrath apa C. @. Memminger, Charleston, A. ©. Garlingtod, New. bury: The Convention confirmed their nominations ‘There was a recret session (rom twenty minutes past ten to half-past eleven. THE SOUTH CAROLINA TROOPS LN POSS! SION OF THE ARSENAL AT CHARLESTO) Aversa, Ga, Dee. 90, 1900 The South Carolina troope took possession of the Arseoa at Charleston today, containing many thoimiaf arms and miltary stores. Military preparations are aelively. and zealously progressing. Volunteers have been vn dered by several Southern States, among them TNeore of the army and navy, Weet Poitit graduates Capt. & M. Morgan, of Tennessee, har offeret hie var vices and been accepted. THE CHARLESTON FORTIFICATIONS. ADDITIONAL FACTS RELATIVE TO FORT sUMETR: ITS ARMAMENT —ASSAILABLA POINTS—FORT JON- BON, FTC. In addition to the very full accounts publiched oo leet Friday's Hematn descriptive of the Charleston (8. C) for tifcations, we to-day prevent rome additions! facta, with the accompanying topographical ekete! of Fort Sumpter, ‘which we copy from the Charleston Mercwry, in order ‘that our readers may have a clearer view of the strate. gical position amd strength of the outer forti—ieatioa of Charlestan : PORT SUMPTER. Be plan is a truncated pentagon, with one cide peratie! up. * | Indeed the cecupation of these forts is ultogetber vory | at an elevation of about thicty to the adjoining shore, thus presenting an angle to the | channel. Of the trancated angles the castern, western and northern are simply formed into pan , whilst the other two are formed of two small fees, making an Angle of about @fteen degrees with the sides of the penta. @om. At cach intersection of the small faces ie a mily- port,» the samtern and weatern rior ore the barrack: for the privates, nypes hall. kitehor On the outhora side are the officers’ quarters, whieh are Gnished in very handsome style. It is mounted with the heaviest guns of the United States rervice, arranged in three tiers, the two lower being casemates and the upper barbette guns. The casemate guné are those which are fired from an em Dragure in the scarp wall, and are protected from the enemy's shells by am arched bomb-proof covering over head; the barbette, those whic fira over the parapet, which exposes the cangoniers tolthe Ure of the enemy, although, m this instange, the height of the ramparts. ig no great that there ts compabitive!y go danger from the shot of the enemy's feet. ‘The heaviest pieces are turned toward the harbor, the lighter toward the land side, which side is further pro- tected by musketry, for which loopholes are out in the searp wall On the terra-plain parade are situated two furnaces for heating shot. The magazines are situated on the inner sides of the sally-ports. The landing to the fort is on the southern, or land side, and is formed by a wharf projecting towards the shore, and also extending the length of that face. ‘This fort would be nearly impregnable if fnished and properly manned. It is at present so far completed that with a little temporary work, it could be made so strong as wo defy any attack by a fleet of large vessels. Its weakest point is on the south side, of which the masoury is not only weaker than that of the other sides, but it is not protected by any flank fire, which would swoep the wharf. Once landed, an entrance may, at the present state of the constraction, be easily made: for the blinds of the lower embrasures, though sg inches in thickness, may yet be easily blown away, and even if this wax tmpoesible, sealing ladders can reach those of the second tier, which are not protected in this manner. This concludes the brief sketch of a fort whicb is a most perfect epecimen of civil and military engineering. The whole work bas been conducted in a manner that reflects the higbest credit upon the engineers, and is worthy to occupy the prominent position that it hokls. In conclu- BION, We take Occamion to allude to one point of especial Ddeauty-—the construction of the srehes—ol which Yhere are nearly every variety-—the ‘Cull contre,” the “‘seg- mont,”’ the “groined,”’ the “‘askew'’ and the ‘‘rampaut,”’ and to add that the walls at their bare are twelve fect Ubick, ond at the top eight and one-half feet thick PORT JOBNSON. The position of this old fort, which i# of the utmost importance ax a connecting point in the defence of the harbor, bas been considered by the bighest military au- thority as the key to all the defensive works in the har- bor. Agninet the attack of forces by land, or « boat ot tack by the Stono river, it mast be considered an essen- tial element of defence. So soun, then, as the State of South Carolina assumes the control of the harbor fortit cations, no time sbould be loet before a permanent forti- fleation ia commenced here; if time docs not admit of a substantial work being built a teld work of earth and timber to mount sixty guns could be erected in a very ehort time, which woukl offer # respectable defence Agninet any probabic land attack, and furnish at (ne «ame time » heavy battery againet shipping CHRISTMAS IN. CHARLESTON [From the Charleston Mereary, Deo. 27 Te seemed on Tuesday as 1. the elements had coaspired to make the merriest day of aii th ar the mort gloomy and forbidding ont of doors. But young Charleston was Hot to canily to be deprived of the privileges aad enjoy ments of the fertival. Everywhere might be seen the evidences of the spirited strife between rain and rajoio- ing. mist and merriment. The evergreens in the market plices were coated with an uncomfortable moisture— Pertivacious crackers exploded spitetully upon the damp sidewalks, and the misty «bop windows—decked as they are decked at no other time—<bone temptingly upon the youngsters who wer fortunate as to have es caped {fom the parental roof to revel im the fall Craition of Christmas fun and Christmas fog Within doors thers were the ueual frofie and enjoyment, and the fort ther they were of longer people of the United States did nt dimio eh a whit of the gest with which peeple reliabed their turkeys and desolisbed their plurab puddings aud mince pies. We venture to predict that next Christmas they will eat thom with » still Keener enjoyment COAST VORTIFIOATION BEGUN. {From the Charleston Mereury, Deo, 27.) The citizens of Beanfort, throogh Colonet Jdhn taro weil, ae authorined by Major General Schnietie, have erected a reduubt upon the Gutakirt of tbeir town, Intend ed to protect them from attack by any foreign Power ‘The work i* well exsected, and at this time nearly com pleted. Itconsists ina half sunken battery, with my tow feet wide, pierced jor three cighteen pounders now ki posetstion of Ue town authorities, The ramparts are compactiy sodded with tart cot from the elge of the oa voring saree, The rMoubt is situated to the west (own upon tl eet apot iu tak nei + itthicty Bre feet above high wate? wnark. It commands the Port Royal river toward the southeast, the front, and also tie rear of the town, IMPORTANT TELEGRAPHIC ARRANGRMENT. The Charleston Merewry says: — the Southeastern section of the American legraph lines has given orders that all me: in whieh of Carolina is concerned sha!! have presedence over other m and be despatched in the most oxpe- itions way to thelr destination PENNSYLVANIA. THE WIDE AWAKES ORGANIZING AND \RMING. different Wide Awake ian tions of Fuseoerg, fiftern in ail, met om Thureday afternoon last, at armory of the Washington Light lofermry, in that city, ‘and adopted a resolution offered by Gen. J. 8. Nogiey, re commending all the Widg Awake companies of ‘fay county, Pa., to or immediately into a military body, and appointing two delegates from each compan’y to arrapge & plan of organization. GEORGIA. @RAND TORCBLIGHT PROCESSION IN HONOR OF TH SECESSION OF SOUTH CAROLINA, [From the Savannah Republican, Dec. 27.) ‘The torchlight procession last night, had in honor of the secession of South Carolina, was the most impos. spectacle ever witnessed in ourcity. The bers who swarmed the and gave vent to their en- thusiaem’ bears fo our Blate ing intelligenoe of the sympathy felt in Savannah for her cause, and the Reart gone wall Wie Lah in She waconee ne Sai she has omit |, unaided and. » There may be some who to ‘Before the appointed hour for cession, the crowd began~to gather in en ane ba. he Neveahe grenantas, move, headed Dy the Savannah Volunteer there was a dense Be tears nat coe Camel torchlights, banners, transparencies, nb, -opriate mottoes. Time ‘aud lace do Bot wnat of our giving an account of the various desi and mot- tes prominent in the line, which we 5! nearly a mile long. The and as they in 1 public places were nearly all illu- minated on the line of march, many of them with great taste aud all with great brilllaney; but were we to at- tempt a description, the task would hardly have an end, and though it would afford us pleasure to publish th) va- rhous efiorts to outdo each other, which all seemed to it. We heard of 5 rested in the oceasion.” Every strect through which the Pecoersion moved was also Randeomely illuminated by ‘illiant. di 8 of fireworks of all kinds—the Forest Oty Hour ing a prominent exhibition in the rieb tra and pyrotechnica with which it was literally surrounded. hotels, ap buildings and ‘ivate reskienoes, elegantly lit up, more sem- fairy Mey aes, in brilliant jets. A t procession was a large and beautiful car, drawn by four |, and decorated as a bower, in which were seated young ladies, esonting the fifteen sisters of the Southern. g 2 semencanarens Sha regres Cand Siena seeagece, and tp limited facilities within our reach, prec the poaai- me of @ more minute acovunt of enthusiastic dis- ry bly. weeny, rasa Comrie se RRDRRICK. new cavi iy, num ween sixty members, wax bast Week full ized at. Frede- rick City. The corps is entitled 1] Mounted Dragoons, and js commanded by Captain Bradley T. MISSOURI. APTACK ON A MISSOURI RAILROAD. ‘The St. Louis Bulletin of Une 22d inst. has information that the ‘on the line of the Hannibal and St. Jo- weph had made an attack upon the road and were tearing up the rails on the track, and that appre- Liensions of serious difficulties were entertained feeling against the company, which is be der the control of Boston meén, should lead to the struction of lifeand ty. ‘An attack was also made ‘ypn the Palmyra and Quincy Railroad, which is said to collusion with the Hannibal and St. Joseph Rail- real. ‘The riot, it is said, was commenced by the citi ere of Chilli , who, believing that the road was au Avesingn concern, and used for the purpose of advancing Weton interests, organized and determined that they would not tolerate in their midst those who were bent om werring on their Stute institutions. Over eight hun. dred men, organized dnc diseyplined, instructed and no- tified the ‘Superintendent to leave the State within a eer- excitement mat OF tein TPS, ARMAS. Jaane LETTER FROM HON. PRESTON KING. (From the St. Lawrence Republican, } We have been permitted to make the following extract from a letter from Hon. Preston King to Dr. 8 N. Sher- man of this village — Wasumeton , Dec. 17, 1960. » © Taw glad tomee you are sound in the faith, aud that cloudy weather does’ not in duee you to expect a tlood to drown the earth. The con- duet of the @@ninistration (yon see General Cass bas left it sinoo Cobb Tun away) is inexplicable. The President ix unquestionably ander the inducnce of the traitors. But neither he nor they, be they many or De they few, con deetroy thie free government, nor divide the Union. They are attempting to interpose the Btate asa shield treason. The State cannot commit treason or fire a gun. A State Legislature may pass an uncon. stitutional law, ami a State copvention may mke My Drax Sire— conflict with the United States constitution to seoed or anything else, Such laws, constitutions, ordinaner resolutions OF paper acts of secession being anconstitu- tionsl, are without any validity—null and void, and thus furnish no defence to the citizen who steals and ox, shoots a man, or commits treacon #cainst the United States. So much for constitution and law, and so mue for the federal government ond the State gor it each of which is sovereign in ita sphere. This ia te qaib bie upon which the nullifiers argue that the Unite. © cannot tnake war upon or coerce a State. ‘The comstil tion and laws of the United States are directly upou « persons who commit crimes agsinst them, and it is the duty of the federal government to maintaln the const 'tu- tot and exeente the laws, and the State cannot interpose its authority to shield a citizen charged with on offence against a covatitutional law of the United States; bat you do not want a disquisition on law. I do not consider it absolutely certain that even South Carolina will do ang thivg more than to past laws, ordi nances and resolutions of secession. These will not move the State out of its geographica! or political position— though the South Carolinians swear it does. If ite citi zeus do pot resins the enaoution of fegeeea laws or vy war, no Ww aud no treason. Bat it is powsible fete TA others may #0 mad as to resiet the law or ne meee, SA 66 cae be entered , i Ur ack, the aw dircets the army and af the States. to be called apon I hope we But what }, OF permits, we must meet. and jf we can r countrymen front their own tmaduess, we must save our country and ite thriew exoellent form of government. Though it ie the general opi. nion bere that we shall have open rebellion agd the collimon of force, Tdo not yet beliewe we vhall. The im hecility and fatulty of the present administration, how ever, makes it impossible to celoulate the future upon any basis of reason or common sense. We mat drift to the 4th of Mareh, and meet what comes when and ax it comes. Yousee the debates in the two houses of Onn gress wud their proceedings, and get the news of events as they occur before an account of them in 4 letter would reach you, and you are quite ax well prepared om the di tant frontier where you are, to see the future before it comes, a8 anybody here who is not in the councile of nulliters, and thus able to know what their strength and real designs ure. But whatever comes { have fuith that wisdom, patience, forbearance, courage, abi the blewsing of Providence will carry our country safely through all the trial io store for as, and w! we get throagh them our national boundaries will be unchanged, and constitn tonal Wberty aad the anion of the States will be ioore firmly eotabliched than they were in the beginuii:, aud ba tho tome foondations the good okt Fathers bud whee they fromed our govertment, and put ite const ite i § . denver se not rave hand mach nery im motion under the dirretion of Georges # ss bing ton PRESTON KING DDUNUTION OF LABOR OPERATIONS. LITTLE PALLS, N.Y. 1 is ee of that the large cotton factory of Mesers. Chrys fer & Maneurm is to be stopped ina few days, at least wmporeril), and that other factories are diminixhing spidly th iF number of hands, With the muasie of the * ndies » ‘ll cease the toil as well aa the wager of hund- cue of operative ho will be thrown out upon soriety., +t (he commencement of a long winter, unemployed and wpepare. for a life of idleness. MAINE. ‘Ihe Webster Timer etates that the axe ot fv &Co., in Kast Douglas, ie on short time. Ceucr factories io the viciulty are algo eoutracting thew hours 9. labor, m THE PULPIT FOR THE UNION CONMERYATIVE SRRWON BY RAV. vinros, ‘Triwitg chujel wae Uhronged to the poiut of invonye. nience Inet evening hens Rew. Dr. Vinton, who, it was announced, would proach » 'ieours® there with «preial reference to the present dep vrable condition of the evn try. The sermon was ose Of more than ordinary elo quence and learning, lashiog together the secersionuists and abolitionists, and holding Up both extremiute ve ane. mies to good order, the constivution wel fue religion. ‘The exercives were the uenal evening sory iene of the Ripls Copal church. It was noticeable that. contrary to the general rule, the great Wolk of the | aeragetion war of pho masculine gender, and (bat it represent largely tho STRONY oR. constitutions, aud pass ordinanees and resolutions i | PRICE.JWO CENTS.” republican politicians, as well, tdecd, other leading classes of New York society. ‘The s@rmon waa also dell- vered Lefore Lue cougregation of church, Brooklyn, yesterday afternoon, by speoial req * The following is the text of the discourse, which the learned™ventioman delivered in his peculiar ms ep which speake for itedlf;— , A [ORE ia, ) Put.them in mind to be subj privelpelities ers; ioubey Mbeintates orem Het ene Wherefore ye musi needs be subject, ne’ omy for but for nee Bike. ROMANS, Mill, Be The Christian religion presortbes the duties of all the relations of human life. When St. Pan! inat! Titus as bishop of tho church in. the island of Grete, the mapired Apostle incorporated the ingtructions of the Holy Ghost in the Fpistle to Titus, wherein political duties are enjoined among the rest—(Put them la mind to be subject to principal!tiee ana powers; toohvy magivtrates.”? So, likewise, im the Xpistle « the Romaus, wherein @od’s , ‘will reveals itself in the mighty sweep o! !Lis eternal pure pose towards mankind, our subjection to civil govern- ment is duly enjoimed;—~ Let every youl be sulyenk wan 4 the higher powers, For there is nd power but of God; the powers that be ar@ ordained of ( Who- soever therefore resisteth the power resisteth the ordinance of God: and they that reeist shall ‘receive | = & themselves damnation. For rulers are not a terror to good works, bat to the evil, Wilt thon then be not afraid of the power? Do that which is good and thou shalt have praise of the same. For he is the mimia- ter of God to thee for good. But if thou do that which is evil, Be afraid: for Be bcgr@tt not the Sword ju vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenge: to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil, Wherefore, you mist nesde be subject not only for wrath, but {yr jeneo sake, For, for this cause pay ye tribute als; for they dre Gods ministers, attending continually wpon this very. thing, : Render therefore to all thelr duces: tri o wow tribute ifdue; custom to whom cue lwner to whom honor.” (Rom. xii! 1-8.) Tt i» evitent, from this Holy Scripture, without need of argument, that civil ernment is a Divine institutwn over mankind, that ¢ magistrate is a minister of G aad that subrolseion to established governments and obelienes to istrates is @ religious obligation. The duty of civil obedience is Made to rest on conscience, because God porsoually rules over the uation, in the ‘powers and principalities,” that is, in those abstract and fundamental principle which we call a constitution, and in the lawsof the nation; and, by his ministers, the magistrates of tho pat! ‘The word ‘ordained’ expresses a deuuite, epeeitio ap- pointment; something deliberately planned and especially instituted.’ Commentators do not differ in asetgaing this meaning to the term. “The powers that be are ordained of God,” signifies that God governs the nation in its con- itution and laws, and by its officers, not by-PAs’perm's- sive will, by way of mere toleration, as He permits evil in the world; ‘nor in virtue of the. will of tho by fi positive ‘ cons! i J Baie Perpetual decree. Hence the Apostle in the text ids a bishop in the church ‘‘to put men in mind to be subject to ctvil ment;” hecause men are: to for their civil obligations, and because self will, or + some transient hardship, to’ ‘tevance or fancied sedition and Tebeltion. He in principalities” from: « the abstract. princi tion and laws; these are executors of law, Hence, to the etitution and laws of the * State we must be “subject; (o the magistrates Suieet tb prisctpsinoee: asi at them fm b oeig to be sul cipalities: ai ers, to obey magis- trates.” i short, he ‘nculeates niihtanos apd com- pliance; and he further bages these duties of loyalty on the ground of piety. “Ho is the minister w thee,’? not of thee nor from thee, but “to thee for good.” God gives authority to the civil magistrate, not mag. He is) jod's minister,’ not ‘the servant of the 7? ‘And, therefore, ye must necds be subject’ —necese ty is laid upon you—“not only for wrath’ —from fear of pune ighment from the sword of she magistrate—~‘but for conscience sake,” ag a religious duty, a2 am obligation of piety. Such are the politics of St. Paul, Oivil govern- ment i# a Divine justitution, and is administered, b; Prompis es “powers amd rates,” because those are iod in tae” constitu Divine authority. The mode of appointment is, iudif- ferent, It ‘be by election, it may be by desebnt; it may be by the sword. At the time when the New ‘Testament was written ment prevailed within sort cf nmmieipal govern- » circuit of the despotic rule og - the Roman empire. Yet the powers that be ot of God,’ was a truth al oll, exaeting the same loyalty for conscience sake Tho move. of peintinent is ind but the adm wistration of the. government it ‘of ¢ St. Poul does not song that be, but the “powers that be ore God.’ St. Chrysostom marks Unie dstinetion jo bie homh ly om the Epistle to the Komeue, The apostle refers,” says he, “not to persone, powers.” ja say for there is vo ruler bul o: Cod; but it ls the thing ba. Of, and says, there is ny power but ef God.? And the powers that be ure ordsine! of Ged. (Homily, j xxii.) And this ¢)>(ivetion ia important as evinging the fallacy in that theory of civ.! government whiek Mkhowa 28 “the Divine right of Kings denominated “the sovereignty of the people.” It is & real diatinetion, of which the bi gives ua the jHustra- tion, in the most august Lransartion on record, v 2—The and that oppouent theory establishment of the racy. When Jehovah took upon himself the ime political aduinistration of the Jewish nation, t yplo were summoned and ac tually gave their nse And Mosoa went op to God: and the Lord cotled unto him ort of the mountalt saying, ‘Iuns shalt thou say tothe house of Jacob, and tell the turen of tur Ye have soon what I did ptiang, and how ' bore you on eagle's wings, hit you unto myself, Now, therefore, if yo say vole wi Koop my covenant, then } be a por ons 1 peepc 1 the ena th a kingdom of wpe en h (he words whieb alt speak unto the ch ofisrack And Moses and called for the elders of Ue people, and laid, be r taces all these.words Which the Lord com. manéed hin And all the opie answered together ond caid, AM that the Lord hath spoken wil do Morea. returned th wards of Une people unto the Lord.” So that the theoe was elective: yet it wae never alleged thai the election gave the theocracy its Divine autlyeity ¢ Exodus xix., 3-6.) » 0D the other bacd, When ibe Jewish in the time of Semnet, + ‘d ocomat the direet political government of Jehovel—comending “aki to judge us like elt the (heathen) nations —God did not renounce His 4 authority, nor withhold His presence, bot vind! cated Fie unseen, bat real sovereignty, in every subsequent vieissitude of their political fortune. (See Kings anc Chronicles.) Wherefore, inasmuch as Jobovab himself abdicated the visible throne at the voice of people, no human tate may claim the crows, in de- liance of the consent, by divine right; while, the other since Jehovah ndet aanent throne of theoe- the nation before He visibly aesamed the racy. it follows that the people's sovereignty (#0 called) a8 FSi i» oll exhausted in the simple exercise of electing its case, the iplers. The government becomes, in either rument of God, selence, ax ing the sanctions of duty of political ax the judicial faculty. “of of is or of the Divine presence, and the This is the religious aspect _of ‘civil tout ae Hut there is, furthermore, the Christian aspect. And this ig embraced in the words of the Lord Jegua Christ after hit reenrrection: ‘(All power is wg unto heaven an in earth.” (Mutt, xxvii, 18). He caly sovereign, wibe King of Kings and Lord of refore the authority of civil government, the ible is ascribed to God, is lodged in z Lord Jeens Chriat, as the token civilization to whieh nations should peneation of the Goepel. Ae im the in the Chrietian aapeet, national life nation ie an organic body. Josue Christ whom the body derives ite life, its nouriehment and growth The constitution of » nation 8 ‘unit, organize ite members into « © 5 veloped therein to his fullest capacity; for it ie that developes tean, amd the Che tetian nation it the et type of society. for as the body je one and members, ond all the members of that one maya tn nett ma he a7 me, ip is i tf a is | i f i el 35 Au rf i the cannm wate the hand, 1 have no peed 4 band feet, Thave no nced of you-but God has set the members, every one af them, in the body as it Jeased him, that there should be po schism, por een eeceseion,” In the bedy, but that the ‘ rhouki have the same care one for another; and one member sofer, all the members suffer With it; or one member be honored, ali the members it. (See 1 Cor. xii, 12:26.) This fe the ot mn the orgenic relations of national being, Indi fe recognized but in 108 aRROC int jane. man rich, Hike a limb @ut off. And as the individual man 4s the product of society im the family, so Se tree fod native! developement of & man ie In which the Christen nation t= the divine and highet exponent for man’s and bappiwss. ta oeition to this of the pation i¢ the (heory of the soetal the rior: i the dhereb sind the ralers tn verted the Seripture. by contornd ing the tween the ‘powers’ and the intl the divine right of binge, inthe line of seemt, became a personal pre of Nations wey as mace for ir for the nations, Tt was tlie ear of the gromnings of the populace. when son) Moret ite shackles. and bovled them at in the Vatican, ine (reedom in sprang also, a Protestantism in someon the digvity of @ phile Veeke. who published the ther va cording 16 Unie philogopley, society. tool egresentan ieee Tediviteate, their powers from the gift aud Hegianee to the relleh ‘eatery: Seclety was "Ut An ‘ingle . and tite: Tevoluthm™ war win only —e ee CONTINURD ON HOHE