The New York Herald Newspaper, December 26, 1860, Page 2

2 woverciguty, or wheth Justed or uot. In respect to the collection of the revenue, they will probably propose that, un\.| the issue of the controveray another, the revenue may be collected as 4a regular account kept, to be heretter een the fedcrel govermunent aad that of Buuib present controversies aread” ! at loagt that the Commissioners th peremptory demands or under loyal as they are to South Ca: semen of sense, tact, Yee ‘So long as they are here, at Teast, there need no fear of collision with the federal p: limits of South Carolina; and so the frie dat wich for a peaceable soluti thus the benefit of that great The bloodthusty spirit of som st this crisis, in declaiming for corre if the policy bo ridiculous if it were not calculated to hi chievous effect on betier nalures amoug the ent aud excitable of their followers. How many of these paper heroes will be ready to tak places in fromt in case lavery hordes on the 'y got out of the way at the Capitol gate, tor of of ap wetual irruption df the secessionists? Would he who of Duft Green’ Jead the forlor the elbows of ‘the Southern or ealebrated in thi » (hou he was on a fainoas vecasion Times? REPORTS PROM VIRGINIA, . Tuemafonn, Dec. 25, 1800. An vafounded rumor of a threatened negro insurree tion found currency here last night, The military re- ch was the ¢ signal, w! Leteber sis the negroes’ holiday, and the peculiar oppor- ntercourse which they haye at this time give fi » apy Little alarm that may be raised. 1. W. Barnwell, James L. Orr and ex-Governor Adams, the three South Garoliua Commissioners, arrived here Unis evening, om their way to Washington, They aro stopping at the Exchange Hotel, and will leave in the morning THE SOUTH CAROLINA CONVENTION, EIGHTH DAY. Cru ‘The Conveation met at noon, Mr. Prayer was off The Committee ou Relations with the Slaveholding th Americe, reported the following resolu , Doo, 25, 1860. om in the chair ates of Ne ed, fret, Tho convention point commis. gioners to pr ( to each slaveholding Suutethat may assemble iM convention for the purpose of laying before 2 the ordinance of scerssion, aud respectfully to in e their co-operation im forming # Southeru Confede Second, that our commissioners: be authorized to sub nit the federal con «the basis for & provisional wwernment for such States as shall + withdrawn trom the nection with the government of the United States of North America Third, That said co ng States to mect may be agreed upen, for the pe . permanent government for these Staves. The Puasapent read the jellowing eommanteation:— Cuarimnos, Dec. 24, 1860. ‘© ne Porsapenr Avo Deir CONVENTION OF cay INDEPENDENT Srocr Gxeraatrs—I you did te the beat On the floor of the guage, gentlomen, to express my Very Unexpected courtesy at your han) In the course of 10 « life not entirely inapire a laud informed that muting in lan pride—I have never been honored with a ‘seat With those smarting under the wrongs inflicted by the leaders of a per- 4 who have, with unanimity the ‘faithless confede- and landal wining a gy government, hall offer the greate rights, liberties and happiness of the good. In every r your ordin ors the whole ground. Permit me to assu: iemen, that the gallaut little State of follow your lead. On motion of her Con ion, Florida will, as certain as anything in the ny must become rive me of the ‘ pleasure of ac cepting your kindly With ihe tender of my siucore thanks for the houo: couferred upon me, Lani, gentlemen, Very respectfully, your obedient servant, £ Mr. Praas offered a rewolution for m rocess from morrow till the 16th proximo. Lost Mr. Mamaavrt’s reeolation, instructing the Governor | © make forthwith al! preparations whieh way be neoded he right and jurisdiction of Sonth © assert by force Carolina in ite torr’ Mr. Te y offered was lost regolution that eo; tesclaration of Immediat nd the addresses of th South Carolina, in Con Vention assembled, to ela Lnitec ea, DO transmit State to the Governors of niormation of their respective Legislatures or ouven uns, where conventions of the people have been called n any of the slaveholdi Mr. Wanotaw then, report of the committee to whom was referred the own vanication of the Legislature of Georg's motions were made to amend. as said, secording to theery South Curcttn ¢ Btates, ur y that whether non bar with m calling of the question werting the words non slaveholding before sievehokting, Mr. Purge maid that 6 Of the Ordirance ngt of the canes jnetifying seceseion of Senth Carclins should be sent te the Gorerne all tho States, ani copies of Vue addr the people of South Caroline should be sont the Governors of slavehiokting States only. Te asked, ay ot intort Englund, Erance aod all suvereign Pow ré—and eaid, we were Istely im @ league with now aveboiding States, and there if nothing inconsistent with he dignity of Soath Carolina in 90 doing, more or ese, han the duty of courtesy eho to hor late confede. rates, to announce her withdrawal from tho | nd to inform them of the cazsae which cam poliad fr Mineuston proposed that the Co the practice of the time, # muranale tates of nally offered. + was entirely proper that notice hould be given to our late confiderates of our with Jcawal from the eonfede ‘There showld be a formal Metal notice givew. Me thought it would be mufficivnt Ly gead to the non slay y of the coanion Ordinance: it wos unnecessary te end thom a wtatement of reasons. He thought it would be best to e@od to all the States in the Inte confederacy copies of the nance of ee to the slaveholting States the vddreas to the pe wo States, with thy deamration of cannon. Mr. Povey ageopted ( Mr. Done aid ply a ducamen ‘9 withdrawal from the Un orates, whether enemies or mot. In answer to it from France and England the response ts patent; “ We have no league, no compact with foreign ‘owers. We have recently ceenpied (he position of your Drethren of the now shove Staten.” It is not true, la soint of fact, that alt Northern propio are bositly to tite riebts of the South, We have friente there, and ali cewary information i dne te therm, to thow that our tire for immediate withdrawal from association with the hostile States is founded on an apprehension of heat \e abolition party soon getting oomtrol of the govern rent Mr. Renerr believed that all intercourte between the Northern amd Southern States had been brokes off some time ago. He mentioned an tnetance whore Virginia had asked Giio fur fugitives from josties, and the Governor Ohw refused with great disrespeet, If amicable rela ns etill exinted it would be proper, het now it would yo improper. Sir, eras thomght 1t war due the late cuntnderates to notify them im some form and in an oficial manner, On the oocavion when Virginia sent ressintions to the North crn States, most all came back with on insulting rapty outd simply potity them that we hare sundored re Mr. Wrens said thet the Governor's proclamation wae prbl shed this morning, ammouncing that Souch Cerotine ie a free, soversign Stwte. The free act of mi iniepmdent | State was amply sufficient to notify to raid Confederates, with coples of the Ordinanor Du YavetG—The fect of ecogagion it eafcient NEW YORK HERALD WEDN ESDAY, DECEMBER Mr. Bown said he desired » bloodless revolution. He thought (ue amendment was proper legal propriety wherever there was a dissolution of any confederacy, partnership or alliance, to give information. He thought it became the mover of the dissokubion to mo- Lily these heretofore @o-operating. ‘The question was taken Om the adoption of the amead- mocnts, and (hey were all lost. resolution was adopted, Mr. Deunary moved that the Convention go into secrst j of mankind that words en parchmont can arrest He believed it was ‘The proceedings to-night ip the Convention are in refe- renee to the customs, ‘ations are that the Convention will adopt the Dircet revenues are to bo Paid to the State Treasurer, the officers to swear alle- aud give bonds to the State of South Carolina. ‘The free trade party is at present small. ‘The proceedings are inarked with prudence, to avoid injury to commercial interests, ‘The present condition of affairs is rather embarrassing | to foreigu vesals in port, | THE SOVEREIGNTY OF SOUTH CAROLINA, THE ADDRESS OF THK YROPLE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, ASSEMBLED IN CONVENTION, TO THK PROFLE OF ‘THE SLAVEHOLDING STATES OF THE UNITED STATES. It is now seventy-three years since the union between | the United States was made by the constitution of the’ & this period their advance iu wealth procperity and power, hs been with scarcely # parallel in Lhe history of the world. The great object of their union was external defence from the aggressions of now complete, from their mere progress in ‘ove raillions of people, with a commerce and \1on which explores every sea, and of agricultura productions which are necessary toevery civilized people command the trieadship of the world. Hut unfortunately our internal peace has not grown with our external pros ontent and couteution have moved in the bosein of the coufederacy for the last thirty-five years. During this (ime Sonth Carolina has twice called her peo- a convention, to take into con- sideration the aggressions and uncoustitutional wrongs | the people of the North on the people of ese Wrongs Were submitted to by the peo. ‘and expectation that es und expectations r troubles, have | United States revenue laws. rders to be in readiness to turn out at a given charge of three rounds from a cannon placed in Capitol square by order of Goveruor | United States. During ple together in 0 ie of the South, ander the by wy would be final. Bat these ¢ proved to be yoid. Instead of being incentives to ion has only instigated to new forms of aggressious and outrage, and South Carolina, again assembling her people in convention, bas this da dissolved her connexion with the States constituting the , evil, from which all other evils have flow. the overthrow of the constitution of the United ‘The government of the United States is no longer tbe government of a confederated republic, but of It is no longer a free Govern. It is, im faet, such @ government ircat Britain attempted to set over our fathers, and aud defeated by a seven years’ strug, forbearance our submis: 4 consolidated democracy. 1, but a despotism. whieh way resisted a gle for tndepende The 776 turned upon one great principle, self goverumeni and #elf taxation, the criterion of self Where the interests’ of two people united her under ome government are different, cach must © power to provect its interests by the organization the goverument or they Guinot be free. The interests of Great Britain aud of the colonies were Great Britain was desirous of carrying out the policy of all nations towards their colonies, of making heir wealth and power. She relations with the wh ) orth American coloni them with her in all these complicated relations, and to the rest of the empire, obligations and necessities. had a vast public debt: she had «.Kuropean poliey and olicy, whieh had occasioned the accumulation of c debt, and which kept her in continual wars jonies saw their interests, uiesioners be authorized to invite onvention at such a time and pase of forming ifferent and an- world. Her po- was to identity nite ine toa feelings, which this has given rise «+, now nearly half a eentury—— of incidents calculated to | ‘The North American c+ and commercial, sacrificed by such a terests required that they should not and Wars of the mother country. under charters which gave (hem self.govern- roperty was concerned. lad taxed themselves, and had never been taxed by ernment of Groat Britain. nsolidated empire, the Parliament of Great Britain ed toassume the power of legislating for the colonies in all eases whatsoever. the pretension. They refused to be a part of the con- ornment of Great Britain. u States now siand exactly in the same the Northern States auoestors ia the colonies did towards Great Britain. The Y tatce, baying the majority in Congress, claim the same powe: of einnipotence in legislation as the | British Parhament. lunit to the legisiation of either: and the majority in s in the Britieh Parliament, ave the sole judges xpedieacy of the logislation ‘this “general wel- | vernment of the States has becoine a cousolidated goverament, and the people of Cie Southorn States are compelled to meet the deepotisma ther others Uurew of in the Revolution ‘The consolidation of the government of Great Britain or the colonies was attempted to be carried out by the ‘ch Parliament undertook to tax the colo- Our fathers resisted ‘They claimed the right of self-taxation ores. They were not t so far as their ‘To make them @ part liberty consistent with the | is in good taste, to the point, ‘Our ancestors resisted re can be, Wheel into line with the gallant old Pal- otto State, “We are ident fied with the same interests, | oR not to submit to black ial duty, whieh I nies to promote British interests. thie pretenston. through Uoir Colonial 1 represented in os of the Ordi- nance of Sécession adopted by the Convention, with the Causes which have induced aud justified the secession of Curolina from the federal Union, | governmen vever, them a representative in the British Toent, Dat it wae not sufflelent to enable then to protect hoinselvee froin the majori oon taxation without any y, and they refused it, presentation, and taxation entation adequate to protection, By neither would the colon y refuse! to pay the taxe Iaid olting States of the the Governor of the | ne slavebolding States, for the rm States now stand in the ime relation to wards the Northern States, in the vital matter of taxa- | tion, that our ancestors stood towards the pec Phe, are a & minority in Congress. alation (b Congress le useless to protect them against (taaation, and they ave taxed hy dhe people of the exactly ag the Briain taxed our tit bad better go along with the the Congress of the Stater have been tnid with a view of subservi 5 of the North. The people of the Sout been taxed by duties op impo object Inconsistent with reyenu Northern interests In the he r rames and manufsetores, Teva im the condition of the Southera uh: our encestore re- tain. Our ancestors not the taxes onllected from osts, not for reve PP | anly taxed themselves, bat al | chem were expetuled amongst thei, Had they sebmitted be preteacions of the Reitish government the taxes om them womld have been 1 British empire. np Pads ee ha pulley in impove wt the people are collectsd, and in enriching these of their expenditure, we of the inotives which drove them oa torevolntion. Yet this British policy hae ven Cally reolz-¢ towards the Sonthern Stategby the The peopl of the Southern States are collected three- expe North. with others conneeted with the operation of yw bas provincialized the cities of reed, whilst baste of the rl rere enbarbs of Northern cities. "he commerce of the United States are the agricultural pro- as of the South; yet Southern cities do not carry it Our foreign trate ie stmest annih Inted there were five ship yards in Socth Carolina to build direct trade with Rarope. ere built in those yards twenty. eels, besides & great number of 0 catry ob our coast end West In- 1774, the population o a PP «, doubtless, to secure the great end of > government—a % to thore matters only which wero and common to ail portions of the United States. All atereste wore to be left to the States. rrangrmont woul! they obtala free govern. eorstitacien commen to 90 vast. powcr over all the institmtione of the ngitations On te subject of slavery tn be natural reswita of the con: sirenugtanees, Wore €9 imperious as to wnount make, however, their the Union, the North would common t the whole Unien—ia other woral necessity. To wer available t rule date their power, it nieamaes of sectional am- ‘semont. To build up tl ition, enereachment oud thefr sectional predositanes in the Cuien, the constitu. tion must be first abol'shs! by constractions; but that, dation of the North to rule the ee aod slavery iasues, waa In the ob- ‘The constitution ot ike United States was am experi- ‘iment consisted tm aniting ander one in differ ot elmates, vious course of ery And duetitu! oMs. foreaces coustructions and perverr.ons in tion; and when yast sectional interests are iation of countless mii served, involving the neva! experiewcs | how ot money, {pecttve ‘of, the,taterposicion tpective it the sssuanption that power would yield to faith—shat 3k. e z i 3 ity would be stronger than inierest, and thus: the imitations of the 4 wi be ved, ‘The experiment has been made, The 7 thera States, trom the of PX. y- bay striven to keep it within the ‘by the con- etitation. The experiment rine & cons! tution, by the ccnstrucyoms of the N yi been swallowed up by a few words in its preamble. In thoir reckiese lust for power, they seem unable to com- prehend that seeming paradox, that the more power is given to the general govenment the weaker it becomes. Its strength consists in its generality and limitations. To extend the scope of its power over sectional or local in- terests, is to raise up against it opposition and resistance. inal such matters the general government must neces- sarily be & despotism, because all sectional or local interests must ever be represented by @ minority in the councils of the Cr prea baving uo power to protect aga 5 of the majority. The majority, constituted from those who do not represent these sectional or local interests, will control and govern them. A free people cannot sub: mit to such ia government. And the more it enlarg the sphere of its power, the greater must be the dissa- tisfaction it must produce, and the weaker it must be. come. On the contrary; the more it abstains from usurped powers, and the tnore faithfully it adheres to the limitations of the constitutiou, the stronger it is made. The Northern people have had neither the wis- dom nor the faith to perceive, that to observe the limi- tation of the constitution was the only way to its perpe- tuity. Under such a government there must, of eourse, be many and wi ible conflicts,” Between the two great sections of the Unig. ‘The same faithless- ness which has abolished coustitution of the United States, will not fail to carry out the sectional purposes for which it hag been abolished. There must be conti; aad Ci ad of ga find peace ai yy in an ‘orth. The repeated cfforts made by South Carolina, in a wise conservatism, to arrest the progress'of the general nment in its fatal progress to consolidation, have ‘unsuy aud denounced as faithless to the obligations of the constitu- tion by the very men and States who were destroying it by their usurpations. It is now too late to reform or restore the government of the United anne at con- tween them which no promises or engagements can fill, It cannot bo believed that our ancestors would have bar $23 ao prenatn with the people of the jor feelings an opinions, now existing amongst them had existed when constitution was framed. ‘There was then no tariff—no negro fanaticism. It was the delegates from New England who proposed in the Convention which framed the constitution, to the dele- gates from South Cwrolina and Georgia, that if they would agree to give Congress the power of ‘regulating commerce by a majority, that they would support the extension of tho African slave trade for twenty years. African slavery existed im all the States but one, The idea, that they would be made to pay that tribute to their Northern confederates, which they refused to pay to Great Britain; or that the mnsiitution of African slavery would be made the grand basis of a sectional organization of the North to rule the South, never crossed their imaginations. The Union of the constitution was a union of siavyeholding States. It rests on slavery, by prescribing 4 representation in Congross, for three-Gfihs of our slaves. ‘There is noth- ing im the proceedings of the convention which framed the constitution to show that the Southern States would have formed apy other Union; and still less that they would have formed a Union with more erful ygn. sluveholding States, aaving majority in Doth branches ‘of the Legislature of the government. They were guilty of no such folly. ‘Time and the progress of ‘things have totally altered the relations between the Nortern aod Southern States since the Union was established. ‘That identity of feelings, interests aud ipstitu- tiene which ovce existed is gone. They are now divided, between agricultural, ee manufactur ing and commercial States—betwecn States holding and non- slaveholding States. Their institutions and industrial pursuits have made them totally diferent peoples. That equality in the government between the two sections of the Union which once existed no longer exists. We bat imitate the policy of our fathers in dissolving a union with non-slavehoiding confederates, aud seeking 4 con- jederation with slaycholding States. Experience hat proved that slavebolding States cannot be safe in subjection to non-slaveholding States. Indeod, uo people ever expect to preserve their rights and liber- ties unless ies $ are in their own custody. To plunder and oppress. wi plunder and don can be prac- tised with i ly, seems to the uatural order of things. falrent tious of the world juve been turned into wilderncsses, and the most civilized and prosperous communities have impoverished end ruined by — anti-siavs fanati- ecism. Tho No of the North have not left us in doubt as to thelr desigus and policy. United as a section in the late Presidential election, they have elected as the expenrnt of Urelr policy one wh. has openly deciared that all the States of Ghe United States must be made free States Or alave States. It is true that amongst those who aided ip his election, there aro various: es of anti- slavery hostility. But. if African slavery in the Southern States be the evil their political combinations affirm it to be, the requisitions of ao inexorable logic must lead them to emancipation. 1f it is right to preclude or abol- ish slavery in a Territory, why should it be allowed to romain in the States’ The one is not at all more uncon- Stitutional than the other, wecording to the decisis of the Supreme Court of the United States. And when i. is considered that the Northern States will soon hay (he power to make that Court what they please, and thn! the constitution never has beep any barrier whatever to their exercise of power, what check can there be in tae um- restrained counsels of the North towinaucipation? ‘There is sympathy inasgociation, which carries nen alovg without pen. bat when there ie principle, and tuat principle fortified by long existing prejruices aud feelings, asso- ciation is omnipotent in party wiuences. in spite of all disclaimers and professions, thore can be bat one end by the submiseion by the south to the rule of « sectional an- trelavery government at Washington; and that end, di- rectly or indirectly, iouet be the eipancipation of the slaves of the South. ‘The hypocrisy of thirty years—the faithiesences of their whole course from the commence. ment of our uniou with them—sbow that the people of the non-slaveholding North ave not and caunot be safe as- élavehld! under & coramon go- yornment. Not only their icism, but their erroneous views of the principles of free governments, render it doubtful whether, separated from the South, they can nuaintain 9 free government umongst themselves. Brute numbers with them is the nf element of free government. A ity is infallible and onnipotent. “The right divine to rale in kings’ is only transferred to their majority. The very object of all constitutions, in free popular governments, is to restrain the majority. Qonstitution®, therefore, according to Uacir theory, must Ue most unrighteous inventions. re «trici.ng liberty. None cmght to exist, but the body politic ought simply to have «political organization, to bring out and eotoree the will This theory may be harmiees in a small ing an identity of interests and parsuite, Slate—still more over a vast confederacy, having various and conflicting interests and pursuile—it is & remorseless depotiam. In resisting it, as applicable to ourselves, we are vindicating the great cane of free gov ernment, more important porhaps te the world than the existence of all the United States. Nor in resisting it, do we tatend to depart from the safe wet rumentality the systenas government we have establishe:! then ’ Ia aeereiing Dees them wo invade nm of theirs, We violate no obligation or duty to them. As Separate, i States in convention, we made the constitution ee Celeste with them; snd. 00 90 Parate independent States, each Siate acting for itself, we adopted it, Sowth Carolina, acting in her eovereign elty, now hep eT — the Loe i did not part BOT sdryting te oopeti- thin "he kat ones can be presumed to have tw her sovereignty. Mer sovercignty is her tant can abicnate it. it is not at all surprising thet thore who have cometraed away all the of the constitution should also by constrw annihilation of the sovereignty of the tate: ihed all barriers to their camnipoten hiess constructions ip the operations of the general e%crmment, it ie meet nataral thet thor shewld enter vor to do the same (owsrds ws in te perverted torma. South Garolina, decming the .m- pact net only violated im particular features, but virtua. ally abolished by her Northern confederates, withdraws horself as a party from {ta obligations. ‘The right to do fo deuied by ber Northern confederates. They desire tw cotadiiah a deepotiem, net aa potent in Con- gress, bat omnipotent over the and a tf to mani- fest the imperious necessity of our secession, they threaten as with the mword, to corres submission to their rule. Citizens of the rlaveholding States of the Thited States, cireummtances beyond our control bave placed us in the van of the great controveray betwoeu the Nortkem and Southern States. Wo woak! hey ted thal other States should have nesumed tho position we now oocupy Indepen) ont onrsoives, w> dieelsim any design or desire to lead the Counsels of tho other Seathera Staten, Provi denos bas east our lot together, by extending over us an identity of perenity, tnteroets onc inet tutions. South Caro olina desires no destiny separsted from youre. To be one of @ gtiab shaveboiding ce racy, stretabing ite armas over s territory larger than say power fp Rarope poagesses—w ith & population four times greeter than that of the whole Lolted State, when they achieved their tn of tho British cmpirn—with preductions which make ocr “a @teuce more impertant to the world thaa that of any other pe plo abab iting it—w ith common instidutions to defend, apd common dangers to on- counter—we ak your sympathy and confoleration. ‘Whilst conatititing s portion of the United States, it has doen ‘Your Aatosmanchip which har guided it in its mighty strides te power ond expansion. In the Sold, as in the cabinet, you have led the bn Md its renown ond gran- deur, You have loved the Tulon, Pee ee statesmen have Lifwred, and your E, we fought and conquered—not for material Denetits it conferred, bet with the faith of agencrous sud devoted chivalry. You heve long lingered and Doped over the shattered remains of a broken comitita- tion, Compromise after compromise, formed by your concessions, hus been trampled under foot, by your North. orn confederates. All fraternity of feeling between the North and the South is lost, or has been converted into hate: and we of the Son! are at las driven togethor by the stern destiny whieh controls thy existeanee of me- tions. Your bitter experience of the Caithieseness end rapacity of your Northern confedorat~ may have been necessary to evolve theee inciples o¢ free gov. seers’ cponebadh the Uhortigo or tao wets coped, and to you (ve the grand mission of vindicating and re cate jing them. Wo rejoice that other nations Should bo aatistied with their institutions. Self-com- lacency ina groat clement of happiness, with nations Hy with Individuals, We are satisticd with ours. if they prefer a aystem of industry, in which capite| and Jabor are in perpetoal Confiict— nd «hronie starvation keepe down the natural increase of poprletion—vod & man is roe out in ‘+o Jowr=—and the haw ecdains sball worked only ten hours a and sabre anl bayonet are the instruments of order—Dde it so. Th ix their althir, not onre, We prefer, however, our system of indostew, by which 26, 1860. posed upon me by the courteny of thi Under differeat circumstances :t leasure, ass native Goovgian, reared goil, to express to you full adopted State” in rel ‘ance and relief from the wadsninisiration which are ngent, however, upon the sersion, to avadl ¢ StateT have the Your personal kindness te tative, to prolong the discussion of wever Important und absorbing. labor and capital are identified in interest, and capita’ therefore, protects labor, by which every twenty years; by which starvati and abundance crowns the land; by which served by an unpaid police, ‘the most the world wi righte of the Stat will be lost will no longer have the power of se f- ‘or solf-protection, and the federal govera ment will have become their enemies. ‘iad all hope 0 exist; the equal Sinvebolding tates of amore erroneous Fe , the of South Carolina, by our ark ad Ry sppering the Su- preme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our inten- tions, have solemnly declared that the union heretofore ween thie State and the other States of North issolved, and that the State of South Carolina has resumed her position among the nations of the world as a free, sovercign and independent State, with full conclude peace, contract alliances, and tojfo all other acts and things ives therefore we require no other instrument to our beneticent productions: United together, and we must be a great, free and nown must spread throughout the civi , We trust, to the remotest ages. us in forming # confederacy of ALATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF SOUTH CAROLI- , DONE LN CONVENTION, DECEMBER, 24, 1860 ‘The State of South Carolina having separate and it due Pia to the }» Whose re- ized world, and power to levy war, establish commerce, hich independent States may , for the support of this the protection of Divi and briefly to si some of the motives w! intinence instructed by the resolution frow which | derive sion, to inform the Geo possed an act call: ‘ight do. declaration, with a firm re- Providence, we mutual- ¢ to cach other our lives, our fortunes and our g relations of the Northera the ras gm aarp ay | recent €l of the President upou pri 4 hostility to the States of the aud to ‘he carnest hope of rule with her im the adoption of efficient measures defence and safety.” It will be that the violation of our constitutional rights, which bas caused such universal dissatisfaction in not of receny date, Ten years sinee this Union ck: circumference by which we now comp! ravated’’ by the recent election. to the Union our fathe: GPERCH OF GOVERNOR PICKENS. Mr. Pickens, the new Goversor of South serenaded in Charleston on the 21st inst., to which the am sustained patri ing.) Allow me to say to you, fellow citizens, very same outrages of Convention of South Carolina has thi cout and fora ater acts and thi dent may of ri further solemnly declared that decom it would be obviously iu ‘ ‘or protracted 2 But, fellow citizens, allow me to 2a, and trust am in of informati iuces me to believe that, peal to force on the part of allow me further to say to this, that, at least, so far 80 to meet any and every issue. —— stances, there will be act! there may be no , that if fam mistaken in ara concerned, we are pre- yYoperty. The: cet, denied to us, reais had become from and that all polivtcal ion bet States of Great Britain is, ‘0 of this Declaration of Independence, each roceeded to exercise its separate itself @ constitution and icers for the admi , and eught to be, for the man insensible to fear. and trust, under existing circum- , Bo rash appeals to under impulse or under false rumors; that we are not only free entitled to be 80 i presented North by Southern mea, all of whom represented the lass ‘conservatisin ‘and concession which their re- to appease the fa- on the slavery spective parties were willing to yield, ‘the North. Some" domed sound, in the South, For ses Of thet counsel; and, tm league known as and our virtues and from whereby they to entrust the administration of their external relations to. common tho Congress-of the United States, the first article, ‘that each Stato ret freedom and independence, and every power, and right which is not, by this conte delegated to the Unite Under this confederation the war ‘and on the 3d of September, 1783, the contest a definitive treaty was signed by Great Bri- tain, in which she acknowledged the indepent colonies in the fullow ing terms :— Article 1.—His Britannle Majest United States, viz: New Rhode Island and you have a right to be, a free independent . a And that they will not present the issioners convention pre- sent the claim to your forts and public of the federal government, Convention by showing that we to wait a free and fair demand, But 1 say to you further, gentlemen, that in the altempt on the part of t) forces et your forts and for tifieations, as far as I ain concerned, it ‘shall not be done without ab appeal to arms. (Cheers.) 1 sincerely desire, ae far as I am concerned, tbat we shall triumphantly go ry great controversy without an appeal toarms th inate ef blood. I hope and trust y may be preserved; bu necessary \MBependence of my country, tion which you have placed me in, 1 vow to power I have shall be averted to maintain to the lust ex- iremity the independence of South Carolina. Allow ‘say to you that thero is nothing a issues to excite the slightest alarm. Be firm, ‘be united, be cool, true to your country end the cause is to remember that it is not the first time in the history of south Carolina that she has stgod alone. Un a memorable occasion—even before the Poclara- ‘ence——we fought—and§, trinmp! of =. Moultrie before and Tuoes, uncer our 5 a ty in representation, equality in the right of suff honors 8 ual in the Social circle, equality in the rights of matrimony. now is ‘that slavery must couse, or American hberty must perish,”” that ‘the success Diack republicanisin is the triumph of anti-slavery,” a yevolution in the tendencies of the government that muss be carried ont. To-day revolutionized, in its main broken and overturned. effected this revolution, only awaits tho 4th the inauguration of the new government, the principles, and the new policy, upon the success of which they have prociaimed freedom to the slave, but eternal degradation for you and for us. more complete, though bloodless, if you will mit to the destruction of that constitution Union our fathers made. Our fathers made ‘Yermment for the white man, rejecting the ignorant, inferior, bi vernment, and not, with the white man on terms equality. ‘This new adm! der the colemn ‘The ery hus been,’ and Revolution was 8 sustain that meantime, if there is an, ernment stands ures, and our constitation stgumin i wie y administration, whiolt Massachusetts Bey, ‘vanin, Delawtre: Maryland, Vir ware, F Garotion and Georgio be free. Sovereign and independent States; that he Such; and for huself, his beu York, New Jemey, P rm and >and trust the peace and successors, rel prgeens ond torn Thus was established the two great principles assert- vd by the colunies, namoly, the right of # State to govern itself, and the right of a people to abolish a governthent when {t becomes destructive of the ends for which it And concurrent with the establishment of those principles was the fact, that cach colony became und was recognized by overcign and independent state. In 1787, Deputies were appointed by the States to re- eration, and on 17th Septem- 1787, these Deputies recommended for the adoption States the articles of union known as the Consti- tution of the United States. ‘ties to whom this constitution was submitted, disagree, and when nine of them was to take effect among thore concurring; and the gene- ral government, as the common agent, was then to be in- vested with their authority. nine of the thirteen States had concurred, the other four would have remained as rate, sovereign States, sions of the constitution. In fact, not accede to the constitution unti s a safe. I beg you inistration comes - country a8 @ free, to overturn and strike this feature of cur Union, without which it would never we been formed, and to tute in its stead their vise the articles of confed upon her own resources and her own responsibilitie, and, , she can fight alone again. I say to you again, at the great battle of Churubusco the Palmetto regi- was called upon, and they s boing le, protection to life, libert; oa and -wherocer’ is Jag land pr sea. bearer beers me now usurping cont tho South have been d tempting toseek the ve lost their liberty mong the most features: of usder fey bd 4 ‘This equality has been ‘years mon while the North has virtually dietribated them as ties to abolitian fanatics and forciguers, for their in our exclusion. agreed, the compact their lives. in eR independent of any of the provi. ° two of the States did a Abo ye amon. el 3 interval, they exercised ‘he functions of an independent By this constitution, certain duties were charged Yowem pectralnot,’ which meceessrlty amp powers Peet ) Which ne ued existence reign States. But, to remove all ainendment war added, which declared thé delegaicd to the United States by the consti- ‘tation, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to ‘or tothe people. On 2% May, ¥ @ convention of her Pesped an © to this ‘titation, afterwards altered constitution, to conform her- elf to the obligations she had undertaken.- ‘Thus was establ a goverment, with de: to the express words of the Doe age dg much more cceRsary 10 execute the power ‘This limitation left the whole remaining mass sulject to the clause reserving it to the States or to the people, and rendered unnecessary any speciication of re- We hold that the government thus established is cub. Ject to the two great axcorted ished, by compact betwoen the States, nA ‘objects and ponena, limited only as was wy principles inthe Declaration nce, and we hold further that the mode of its formation subjects it to a third fundamental namely—the law of compact. yact between two or moro parties the obligation sutual—that tho Lailure of ome of the comsracting tof the agreement enti to perform @ material Jeages the obligation of the other, and biter is provided, each party is remitted to bis own Judg- ment to deteriniue the fact of failure with all its conse- that, where no ar- In the present case that fact is established with cor We amert that Gfteen of the States have deliber years past to fuldl their constitutional obligatious, and we refer to their own statutes for the Pete constitution of tho United Slates, in ite 4th article, provides as followa>— “* No person held to service or labor in one State, under ‘any law or regulation therein, be from sven service or laber, bat shall be delivered up, on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be ‘This stipmlation was so material to the compact, that without it that compact would uot have been made. greater number of the contracting aud the State of Virginia had prev! stimmate of its value by making it the condition of her cewion of the territory whieh Low compose the States north of the Ohie River. ‘The samme article of the constitution etipulates also for the rendition by the several States of fugitives from jus- Lice from the other States. Tho general covernment, s# the comunon Lowe (© carry into effect these stipulations Yor many yoars these laws were exceuted. But an in- States lod to a disregard of their vernment have ately refueed fi sly declared her lateness of the hour and the extraordinary pressure cnr columns prevent us from giving » more extended SECESSION ACCOMYLISHED—SOUTT CAROLINA LN: DENT, obligations, and the lawe of the g: consod to effect the or Congress, or ronder useless: Inman Or theme Statow the fu the service or labor clsimed, tiavos in conformity with her constitutional undertaking; but the current of anti-slavery feeling hae led recently to enaet laws which render inoperati i #3 | = : ; i if ; 3 : | bile i § : i ge Pi A —s leaged from its obli ‘The ende for which this constitation was framed are declared by itwelf to be “10 form & more pert Nish justice, insure donpestic tranquillity, provide for Protect the general welfare, enre the blessings of Mb rty to ccrselyes aud oor pos i 8 i ' Fy & aT 7 Fi a2 i 5 i gee 233 £ Thee emi it endeaveres! to accomplish by 9 federal slaves wae reoogeiznd ving ulnienl rights: by giving thot them with direct i} 0 represeat, a0. burdening taxes for threr.tifths of their slaves; by aathoriging the of slaves for twenty years, and by stipa- of fugitives frou labor, which this government aay portation ef for the rendition e 7% heme was insti¢nted have beon dotem! steel? las Deon inade destructive the nop-slaveholding BP states. Theve States havo aeumet ight of decid ug uj~m the propriety of onr domestic institutions, and have denied the ¢ of tabiiebed im Gftecn of the States £ Field and otwer uftices for ton reg iments Horges for al the aiove 10,000 private’ 8 Pay, rations and elothing. st BF. ‘This dors not include the cost of guns, pirto cannou, powder god other esarntial requiniter fOr 9 tary cotablishument. Hi i z 2 z ef 4 = | i z i 8. Ff Be | Fa LPO ISL ATURE. from the Jomt Selegt Comaaltioe, the communication of the Gover. joveruer of this State, ow ig report:— rtion of the people of the telavery antil it: ‘The goarantees of the constitution will them ne tanger