The New York Herald Newspaper, September 27, 1860, Page 2

2 nar ee ‘ H ber dy this exclusion 0% g Mims at OUR COMMERCIAL RELATIONS. | »» = ’ Soda perae wide | Dah, Decne 208 are peerentad ros ime 6 | fastsand wo curacy tran a 30, ff Gad treo eee 0 that question well under. ‘than you. ‘them as iron wer to Send representatives Of "our body to that meet- . Limtsay, M- p., | sand why the American government should 4 hye by faiso your interest in | ing, #s \: \a very Cesirable tor’, g Trom. the coms. ard T | to bea party to thas act But those words, 00. Meme | tee. New, eFe'\al bodies in difleren, parts of the world which are mer, eep siavee,” were, in my opinion, unnecessary. ‘efly interested sho-uid be present. We are, . A special meeting of tne goverameut Of ''4 Board of | Trade was held yesterday afternoon, &* ‘unit past three | S trams Mach BEES MY ruly ray, “You may call your | % 3 dat edhe wuss, at the igs of the Board, “so 6) Merommts! | Soir slave, but here is your own’ whieh you | Fo cannes ie peaved ty the Sas See Bee eee National Aay‘ainthen foe tbe Preenotion ef esta Seon Bee Aa pers the suggeatooe ote ntecting in au iui. | DAV signed, as a free egeat, to an te reece) sathe wi a | DUNCAN DUNBAR, Chairman of the General Ship- M. Pim Fegar g to several quest) ce Stestine ‘Tountry, | from Boston to Liverpool and back again. You must ‘ye | ts lee kam tom Sieettly owners! Society, Landon varia estas dear ce the commercial ini cots oF te eard &. | &free ageat; we can only know you as a free ageat.” THOMAS BARING, Chairman of Lisyd's, London. men? crm of the Boat) precont Were gM Becbe, | Therefore, these words being unnecersary, I think ‘nat if, WILLIAM WILSON SAUN! jan of the Asso- Tobey (F resident), Geo. C. Richardeon, James ven. J, | instead of the words, ‘not being aleve,” the words, | YP 4 Ciation for the Protection of Commercial Interests, &c. Bare "racine, tare Yarawors, sons 7. | soem aha Soe sea oe aa a icon - J, Thomas Aspinwall, 7 « ‘consideration. F Chairman Chamber - Ber ij and George | nailing the mecting to order, stated | such and such power,” were introduced, the soveramaa® injuling yourselves by this, exclusive mE Jeosatly bet, prenel * oe done fee President, on 0 the United States wo ‘once ta act A ; a Sanat hua object was to give the Hoo. Mr. Lindsay. Mt | for you, gentlemen, to cousider whether year goverament | heard ora care which iluatrates his, (AF American sip | F. 4. CLIN¢ Deputy Chairman of the Shipowners? As- of London, now in this county ‘his views in reference to | Would be prepared to sccept this act, with some such CHARLES LANGTON, Chairman of the Underwriters’ ea oe aa cor of international interest between Great Britain and the United States, on which be t to ob- ‘tai the action of this body, and that of kindred associa Mone in otber cities, with ® view ultimately to obtain Feolprocal and uniform legislation om the part vi the go ‘yernments of both countries. ADDRESS OF MIL. LINDSAY. The President then introduced the Hon. Mr. Lindssy, who, in one or two introductory remarks, said that he did not visit the Unite! States at a “diplomstiet,’’ muck jean an ‘rpecial envoy,” ad bad beou reported in some quarters, Dut he came here ae ® man of ba»iness, to con men of business “bout commercial matters, both countries were deeply interested. He would not trovsle them With any formal speech, but would confine imself to & simple ststement of f.cts, In simpte language. Having compared nétes and ‘sonversed with the merchan‘s and #htpowners <f Boston, ‘and baving sscertaiued their views—which they ap quits ready to furnish—he would ther proceed to ew York, Philadelghta and Baltimore, aad adopt a ‘somewhat similar course to that which he was following rere The diflerent Boards of Trade and Coambers of Commerce would, no doudt, ferward memorials to their mt, und by the time the government of the “Bance saree haf considered these memoria's ne would ave reached Washington. w the He would then see views ‘of tbe Teepective gevernments ould be brought into harmony | reer ting Oe ee would no’ heir atte i = Md sto the arat und most ‘mportast qecvetion, Phat of ths Peeporsibility of shipowners, hessid: ita te tinh ship coming to a port in America run dows another ‘vesse!, the reeponeioility of the owaer of that ship is not fm this cowntry limited to the valuc of the vessel, because covris cannot make that limitation. Such, also, wals ease with American ships in cur ports. Tecan best }4- e Tutrate that, perhaps, by thecags of the Tuscarora. tn Ist? too Tebearore, yan into the Androw Fuster int Ge rgea Cournel. The agent of tao 0 ‘of the fas earora cave bal! for £5,000—the full value‘ef their ship, | presur: ing that our law was the same as youre—which 10) was, so far es that went, When he Tuscarora re. turned to Liverpool another consignee of the Andrew Fos. | ter wade a farther claim of £1,800, seized tke ship, and Dail was obliged to be given for that additional ton the part of the owners of the snip. The owners’ of te Tuscarore though! that, Baring given bail fer the fall vaiue of the from sbip ana of the cargo also ‘they were eerely exemp' teir lability, and thowgat ng more aboct 16; bu! ling ageta (0 Liverpect come time ‘the ownere of the Audrow Foster seiret not mer Tuscarora, but otiec property belonging 1 ber owner, upon a claim for £23,000, aed our courte de ided that he was becud to pay it. So that the owoer of this ehip wae actu called Upon % pay, did Sout £32,000, whee ¢he whole vatue of the vessel which id the damage aud its freight wae ouly geome £10,000 Be Vice Chancellor, in his decision, exid that the laws of Great Hritain do cet apply to foreign vessels. It is ex actly the same with your laws bere: they do not apply to foreign hat this is @ matter in which the 3r.- tie sbipowner is as much intereste? as you are. Now, what! would propose is this -—The merchant shipp' which reported last eessiom bave recommende: should be introduced in our country, limiting he hiability of ektpowners to the amount of £16 sterling | per ton, and I Lope the Chambere of Commerce here will Fecommend to your government the adoption of asimilar ‘bu. at This having been ‘one, I think \t would be desir. Die for the two countries to enter into s convention » the subject. Without taking up your time with detail my idea in regard to the principles of the coavention would be semewhM as follows —That the ships of (reat Britain and the Cited States reepectively, shall be placed pon wo equal footing ia revard vo the loss of life, per wena! injury, &s., by collision at sea, and that thi Babiiity of the owners of the ship runving down ano. Ther ehal) be limited to the same amount, whether the ebip belong to Great Britain or thé United Stat de of procedure shall be in accordan ountry in whieh the claim is made. That io which it seems to me ought to be adopted tw the pric! fm regard to this very grave and important question of Mimited Liability. Now in regard to the working of it Boppore ihe case, again, of had then been the Tuscarora. If the law I propoes, all the owner of that ship <juired to pay would have been £9,300, ue of the ebip and freight, or £15 per ton, upou the Fegitry of the ship. The eour England would then nave g) notice to the parties Interested, whether in Bangland or \merioa, that such and sock amouat bat been court, abd thaton sucha day it woukl be di- mong the peveral claimants—f the own nfaait. Aodeo if a British ship thrown into your courts, The owner, or bi« ive bere, would pay into court the vale ur court we ry the qaeation spon aud if the case neiples that ours was decide! againet the owner, notice would be given to the coseignees, whether in’ England or America, | apd ihe sum would be divided po rai, I can eoly express my eurorise that thie pian, oF on somews; f.milar, bas not been alopied Dy two roch great commercial countries as yours and lead, and | think tt only needs fairly to be brough ander tbe notice of your goverment to have the matter Rettied upon a very eatisinctory footing. In connection with thie ® point which will be seen to be very !mportant wh oonrider what ore the causes that lead to such o whith often cause serious joss to owners—same!s It ie a very remarkabir one as Kog’and and rule of the road wo such mercantile nat Paves should bay ‘wonder there are for darcages. | seu to 4 at . SN. have ourselves two @ifferent rales w je our sbipmasters. 1 do not this ‘tbat our government 's really aware of the importance of this mater, We adopted the old maritime fav, which Yoo sdort to a considerable extent, and up to 1854 tt was the only rule we had; but in that year we adomed ano- ther regulation, which may be fo n 296 of oar Merchant’ Shipping Act.’ &) that we often have very conficting decigions in our courts, in regard to who was right and who was wrong, when collisions tate place, and ¢ decisions must be very uneatisfuctory interested. A8 wo chall be under the necet Sity of making some alteration in regard tot P the road at sea, my idea would be that we should adopt & somewhat similar rule to that wbicd you have adopted fe Dir country. [think that rale better than either of D govern of, and | think that, with a vory ot, the goverBEeDt Of Lagland would be pt tbat rule. question of de wo see, as | Believe you will, that the tw ould have bat me role of tbe road for the guidance of ehips when meet- tag 6 Fea, decauge the want of a uniform rele is one axe of the collisions that #0 frequently oocar. next question is with rd to lighteateo, We have introduced, within the | ree years, a pew moto of vignal lights at sea. These lights have been found to newer exceedingly well, and the ebips of nearly ali ow sions bave adopted the rules that we have laid dowo !n ‘thie matter. America bas also adopted th as eam vetvels are concerns! b as yet, in regard to ‘versels, It seems to me ject worthy of your ceweideration, whether you ought not to adopt the que rule in regard to the display of light Mm selling veascle as you do 1 ead se we do in both. If jghte ibe ean {think there we * Thewe are two = “he bead of “responsibility ot ahipow rapother connected with the qaestion of {nearaace to which my aitention was called today. In ordinary vaere of collision (not in ech cases aa thoes to which 1 Bare referred) the policy of insurance covers the aw ser ft & sbip which rune down another. Thus, if the abip A Wace down the sbi B, his paticy of insurance corere the emer of ship A, under what we term the “runaiog. earn clacte,” which i 9 Sere & no extra char, We clause, but in some re a ed—eometimes five shillings per cent, eo ten (billings per cent. I learnes, however, from tet Ligent ebipowner, with whom | was converst that tally is the trne way to cet informetion—that eithc Seb iD thie State the ohipow ner i covered by #acd a claus |, 2 Other States it not 0, amd Unat the federal Woe! dors not acknowledge it. It seems to me Je that you should bave here roles appl somewhat similar rorapce aio to | be commiarion of pet ease of an A fm port in Fogiand. od ou Duard that ship, and, as you aro a Rage 0 jariedistion over \t;'s0 that very often men pase eepes ined for vory grave and serious crimes And St adp tab ehip comes toto one of your porte, and an ect | ‘wt mnupler Arkon or grave case of mutiay ie commitiad Vee boant, your courts dictiae over the of | ‘do not nee wh avention cannot been | between the two conpiries, #0 that upon the on Of She minister or ones fouairy, Our law officers ahall be Xt at the apprehension of the 42 offence in a Britieb port. \e the eume way iaowe & warrant for ibe appreb ‘vject committing @ sim. lar affeace, aod, ia ‘Brave crimes to which | have retorre Sch home for trial and is ease of wm ph @ Inoeny and email crimes and dispotee ; ‘eurts juriediction—al@ays oa the recom. | Cermttion or a,' the request of the ceaeder or osesei Feprenenting the Lnited States at that port. And if rome ropresest Brite © of the very power to te 3 offence | Geale with men who bave voluntarily shippea, Suppose a seaman when he gets to Liverpool shoul id proclaim bim- modification, and then J will do all I duce our ment to substitute those words for the others. ink our goverpment may bo disposed to agree to the erasure of those words and to the substita. tion of others similar to those 1 have mentioned; and then both countries would ‘Ye in @ situation to deal with deserters from ships in their porte. ‘D regard to disputes, very often altercations arise between masters and seamen on board ships, which de ‘am the vessels in port, apd of course, as time is capital, ‘more so ia shipping them in anything else, entail serious joes to the owners. 1 would like to see some convention weibly can to in- art ae eres Cg arvalenpllaee moe thes in ucultal tag Would ove an JOHN SHUTE, Chairmen of the Chamber of Oom- 4 war; ‘am | merce, in regard to wegenand suoh like matters, the magistrates | S6r ihooent it thelr uly to Tt will be seen that the chief commercial bodies of the <f kBo. respective countries should. on Ute rePrempelonge, | Sdvasce, and they made e ia these | country are stirring in the matter. Tbe subject has been have power to deal wih <testions fa & summery po = Dave thought it thelr ( thus briefy to York; ra cP rade Phelps: Chamber wend Time edn wubjecte, fas another oun which 1 ea Benes of tle waceiion oe it true dik pesst | Sevp, ieee) sesithamaker af Geotemee ia uses very deeirabie to beve settled, and which am anrious Eieat ablpnlog, dey have dove #0 in heel much in ihe movement, and in other. towns on the you should consider. R. ats od — pod bdo su! eee teres attention Coptivent it is exciting attention. A 8; we are in- jon—thet of the shipping of seamen, As y the responsiblity reste o " ‘and printed for the Glasgow aware, come years ago, We ised shipping ofices: naps ‘ting which alr ‘coptaips the practice of Eogland, Boston woeen ibeceat dim of arricies ie deawa out,acd where | Bvare iPht eave oh hove been bigh > Mobile, Brest, Bordeaux, ne, Am- ths oeemen gn thore articles in the face of the sre cas peveng fay or ip S aeere y lend and Antwerp, and there appears to every hippipg' aster. another branch of the offies is that | ae phen mean honorable h muse. will monk quncees, | Proepect that ihe mectiog at Glasgow may result in some Pe ag ee ty eS an examina. | ihe opipioa tbat in the prc ress of = Pee sexes Ss ot pets oe to the present tion, Anofaer branch is for peyiag the seamen; 4 of humwiity, the time had arrived = pong 7 state of matters, and thus lay thet is to ray, the seamen is vatd off at this office; and | 20t contraband of war, shonld be exe: rom capture is stone of an international system of mercaatile ip it, we Bave a money order fice and a tavings bank, Ibad, I may say, the and satisfaction of writ- P so that be may remit the momey, when he'receives it, to his parents or friewés, or deposit’ it in tte savings baek That act bas been of much vetue, and dene a great doal of good. The exeraination of masters and mates has ma- terially tended te elevate tho character of the officers of our chips. Yoummay feel tat you donot require it in your" country, for I must do you the justice to say, that, {noging by thone who dave, come to Sogland, yout mas’ | lexis to war, may be removed, and that men may tore are wen of high intelligence and great sbrewdnees, | no loger perm: 4 auitided 2o “command ships witvout a | siecere'y, hope “that you may agree with me Virginia, Minnesota and Massac’ usetts, | bod every wey examination; but I repeet, this act has tended, country, very materially Indeed to elevate the r of our Masters and offcers. The shipping effices have in oar been a great boou to seamen and @ great advantage to | private property, exept articies contraband of war, sa- shipowners. Now, it is not @ question worthy of your | cred, end putting ax end to the seizure of such ty by privateers, whether it be by ships carrying letters of consideration, whether jt will not be advizable for you to establish similiar offices throughout your country. That ig m matter for your consideration golely. We are not interested in it.” If you were to catabligh shipping offices, rence with foreign rowert, as ing this report, upon whioh the committee with {mall the main features of it; and 1 must say that I ever Jajd cown a principle with greater ratisfaction than 1 did'the principle which I bave read to you here; and | do stacerely and fervently hope that the time may arrive when all private property sball be exempt from capture atorea, tha! the temptation to plander, which to, often im the views I beve vyon the government of this country the desirability cf moving with England one step further, makiog all marque, called privateers, or ber out in England, and going forth, in expressed, and may urge y's ehipa, fitted usual phrase, to “burn, plunder sod destroy.” I do hope that you will A sige wed woot brvosht forward bp their, ne”, meet your obedient servants, BROLGHAM 4¥p VAUX, President of the Council, N, Chairman of the Chamber of sociation, G! WILLIAM P. Pa’ Commerce and Manufactures, heap, oo HENRY J. ATKINSON, Chatrman of Shipping Com- mittee of the Hull Chamber of Commerce Ship- ne. witttam BROWN, ATKINSON & Co., Managers of the Humber and Hull Association. Mutual Insurance THE QUADRENNIAL CONTEST. What is Doing om Seath Carolina, The Great Result to be Known in Six Weeks. into which Briti#h seamen should be admitted on the | add your wiluence to that of those in England who hold tome terms and subjected to the eame charges as Ameri- | the game views that 1¢oon this subject, so that these cap teamen, then I think oar government would be wil | two great mari:ime vations may agree on this tmportant ling to allow your seamen the same priv! im our ship- | question; aud that the right to captare and destroy pri- ing offices. This ig another matter which I would like the | vate prop rty may cease, and cease forever. I bave thus NECESSITY FOR ACTION. the tion of the lability of shipowners, there te | « Foversment of this Board to take into consideration. fe are cther points of very considerabie importance, Dut as they involve, toa certain extent, queetivas of po- licy, whieh thoee questions to which I have already re- ferred do not, they being more strictly business ques- tone, I have greater delicacy p touching upon them; but if you will allow me to be frank, I will state my views, such as they are, upon those questions As you are aware, we repealed our navigation laws in 1849 “The act came {uito force in 1850. In 1854 we also repealed the act az applicable to our coarting trade, go tbat the ehips of Amer! a ure now placed on exact!y the same footing, en- tering the ports of England from any part of the world— from our possessions .n the Kast, or aby wbere—as Britieb | chips. Any American ehip can algo enter our cowsting | trade, if ite owners think proper to do 80, on exactly ane terms af a British abip. I must here rémind on of what bas ever been policy of thia There was recently living among you— | 5s | great nation. eo 18 Low gope—s gentleman whom I held in very pect. He was a citizen of this place, and ® ed rolpisver of this country atocrcourt. 1 mean he Hon, Abbott Lawrence. I mention his name with great reepect. I had the pleasure of knowing | him personaly, acd I do not know that I have, for « jopg Wme, met a Gner specimen of a maa. tain correspondence in regard to the light dues, that assed between Mr. Lawrence and Lord Palmerston, pub- | lished tn our Parliamentary papers, your minisver laid | down the principle upon which thiv government pro | feeses to beve acted in ite intercourse with other na- tione—and it is the principle which all your eminent gh re ABU Dy wf the one i to be termed a .”* the other should not beroalso. Theo the trade to the West Coast, via Panama, a coast 1 am at @ Ines to understand how. You land ‘or gp country. You trapsbip your goc over @ foreign territory, avd really, on the | ple of equ ty, it seems to me lt would be very difficult for jou to bolt your ground there. If you were to give up monopoly of the coasting trade, what would the shipowrer gain, and bat would you lose? if my Xperience ie worth anythin, loais me to think that | you wonld lose litte o owner would gain mu opinion that ether of the question I have named \s of more importance to ‘he British shipowner than thie quertion I do not believe that you woul lose any of | that trade, because I believe that every pation can con- | duct \s own coasting trade to the bestadvantage. It was said that 1 des and jane, cating “ bieck bread,” and working for iow Wages, would drive us out of Our coasting trede, bot we have retained it, and for Luis cumple recson, that before the Swedes snd Nor- ‘Wegiaus can rppage ‘a the coasting trade, they must come | and hive fp the ports of Hogiand They will there be | enlyeet to the eame dntier aod barthens as Britieh | Qwoers, and murt feed and pay the same men, as Briteb seamen are fed ant paid. When I look to the | vast energy of the American people, wheo I #ee that they Rave grown to be the groatest maritime pation on the | face of the earth, I fay who fs ft to come and take away thelr coasting trade from them’ Ido sot believe that Jou will suMler at all if you throw open the coasting trade | to any exent. | believe that instend of ou | would increase the trac along your ¢oast and the | along your vast seaboard. And what do you dot You remove-—! must tell you frankly—a great source of annoy- epee on the part of Eugiand The shipowners of (reat | Briata are constantly complaining about the people of Amorica in regard to the coasting trade You may not | carec great deal about there bickerings, bat anything ibat etirs op aoimonity between two great aat\voe, cape cia)'> two great commercial nations such as Etgiand aod Ameri a, att to a certain extent limit the trade between | these countries more than it would be caure of grievance and ance were removed. i Would Like to bave you give thi eutject a cacdid and tm: Part.el consi€eration; and {f you deem itadvisable, present your \lews to the government. lam not suthorired me it, bomen 3 ao wet come bere vested with eoy orlsy—| take the oppor tonity of sapivg that the "Hivese, of ‘Commons, the inst four or five years, I have bad the good for lose to see why | ikely to cow the Hoose of Commons with mein meeti ‘o to certaim maiters to which Twill now refet.- T bave Geen | *peaking of what is doe from America to Haglund: et me yt out some thiggs that are due from England to Amer- You cbarge es pothing shores. You act modle part. coty of a great civilized nation warn thowe etrangerashe invites: Ra “ . That ie worthy « t while ) oe are acting 1 z five op Abie charge of lgbt does npon your ehips. and compulsory pllotage, #0 abet your abipe migtt not be quired to pay for pilotage, except when they required (he cerviers of & pilot, and if we would give up those duce which we pow lovy as “passing tolls.” If you gare voor coarting trade, and we gave up these exaction: ftrecee me that you would be very mack the gain: 3 rem aad do » ie & matter for of the goverament of thir Board, enere generally, aod the pobdlion thie is a question in which the people of America are interested as well the mer. ebacte—1 €o hope, I say, that you will give Ita fair and impartial consideration; and, if youcan agree with the 4 be Applied to American seamen tn 4 be adviesble to bave a sim’ Britt eetmes in American here cely te lay down gene. | ral p the question of detail is one | ‘With Which the law occ. ¥ of the reapactive countries wil! be betier qualified to deal thas we commercial mer There 9 another ‘vexed qucetion’ —the qoeetion of de. gertion. Aman deserts from an American @bip in Bag. | land, having entered into an agreement to gp from Bos. | ton to London and back. | nfor tunately, our 80 juriediotion, no power to retere bim on boa So with Britieh eeamen coming here and desarting A tbe eeven ago we introdosed what we called ' Feign Deeartast’ act.” It i# an set whieh gives ti * tien courte 7 to deal with foreign seamen deserting to a Rritieh port in the same way as they would deat with But when this act passed through the 4i4 not undereiand the row we. out ibeF real rearen 9 OI ie refonl and recently J bavg saceriaines way ip views | have expressed, I trost you will stato (bote views to your government; and If you caunct agree with the " whole of my views, you may, im some modised form. You ro have favor only of those pations who wi the way (bis question stand@, aod | will yield those unless yoo give something in retorn. Then there je the question of yonr registry | | fhouid like very moch to have you eramice the fnowiter, apd see if yee Gass of ome it dere wae introduced a few | Gt present existing, oo | rican register uniese she @ American derlt Wat Fou yourselves are the loesrs enumerated, in as condensed a form as i could possibly ‘writer Philadelphia Ce them. apd endeavor to get them to and when the gov- then go wown to Wi hoping memorials apd in the manner I desire. dent, are the main points which ! had in view to meet you here to day. Mr. Baxxe—In view of the subject —_ bas been pre ‘would submit the following resoution:— ented to tl . W.S Lindslay, M. P. coneier the various subjects mept of thie board by the at eea—collisions—signal ment of shipping ct trade, &c. follow? Ptateamen bave laid dowo—vamely, the principle of re- James M. Beebe, B. Upton, William Aj A ciproeity. Weil, we gave to you the whole of our coast. | R B. Forbee, Charies 0. Whitmore, Isaac C. Bates, Osborn | ing trade. Yet, asafree trader, | must tell you frankly | Howes, William F. Weld, Charles J. Morrill, Alpheus Har- | that we did so, Lot for your interest, bat for our own, | cy, N. H Ewmons ‘and I must telifyoa as frankly that wo have been consi: | ‘Gn motion, the President, Edward S. Tobey, and the derable gainers by the free trade policy. Well, when we | Secretary, Lorenzo Gabine were added to the committee. expected that ir The President then caile¢ the attention of the Board to great, pound principle, | the fect, that seversl of the topics which had been pre- asiaid down by Abbott Lawrence, and that you fen honorable gent'emen had already been act- | open your trae tous 1 am sorry tosay that you still appear by reference to retain your coasting trade; and you do more—i do pot fo far as known, it bad | Krow op what prince ple you managed to co 't—I speak to Oa many of these topics, in the best of freling om this peint—you construe | be was happy to say, the Board would doubtiess agree coasting trade to include the trade between New gentleman; but on Calforuia. | am ate lose to understand how ‘differences of opin- | youes top! all been pieced in a“ ig trade” JI tell you what the British | charge of committee, this was not the place to discuss ebipowner waye. “Why,” saye he, ‘the trade between Calcutta avd London ie quite af much acoastiog trade that besween California and New York, be- cause the distance is lees.” Really T am ‘at « the country bindrances i# the diferent metbod which exists in ditfo- the only way of rgbting her mast, or sbe may be laboring Becesrary to throw part of to lighten ber, which act is ‘Weee and ei owners of all the Interests at stake—i «, ship, and carg:—rbould pay the owner of the sacri perty. “This is Dut the detaile of the mode in which the loss is to be dis tribated, and also what ie a general « nO Means fettied. and the evils which mate of things be ‘jettison.’ jar cares, it l# obvicusly jast ror Somat Somes, No. 3 Warmmce Place, Loxpon. ee that sare country, ry Yat io Ubeertainty in law is al an'eril: ‘al average, the ev!l is peculiarly felt. owned in one country, insured In another, of P, pert. gard to ship may cargo owned and insured In several, and the port nation, where the average is be in @ country which has diferent the =~ What is re onship in one port is held to be general average another, fo that the owner of an outward bound sbi, find bimee)f unable to recover bis loms either from derwriters at home or as made yj rues 0 may be contrasted with, many coses where assurer or arsured. sured, oF the under dered in the premium. ier pays one which was not cons! Much loss is occasioned to the mercantile comerunity aod muck valaadle CY 7 ferd to the country at » tecrve than warted, throws Dusiness Leag i oting apa i. - muunderstandings and levitated feel ferry say, do net follow . We jueR more cr) evil, rosultiog from the * our ebipe, iso upen oar own, for maisteintng whe certainty of tow’ ane custom, ry ty Mr A j¢hta open our shares. These duet amocnt toa large | leaves for every sort of abuso Attempts are deve ly wpoo Amerioan ships. We also charge your | mad ofcbe most a veenele with puetage in waters where pilete are not | tion, hich do noteren go intoahe pocket of theshtpown- needed. We also charge yoa with local dues, for harbors | ¢f, ebich he feels bimseifLeipless to rosigt from want fro hich you can derive no benedt. We lery upon | af & law to appeal to; and he peturally considers himself sou far “passing toile,” for maintaining such harbors as | hardly used should charges which be himself hae be | Rodiiagton, Dover, §Ri and Whstby, which your | rafused by his underwriters, though these last age obliged verselg cannot emer. All these obarges amount | to refuse, ie justice to themssives and to prevent the in. te m very large tax ansually upon American | poration becoming a precedent. ship. Now. euppese Engiasd were to | Te evils of sucd & state of things arc notorious aad un. ywrationed, though it may be doc oted whether Are catinetly traceable to it, and are, therefore, remova- bie, are clearly realized as proceeding (rom this source Pro! We sbief reason which has prevented general movement in favor of this reform is an exag rated estimate of the difiiculties io the way of carrying Mt out. The ditticulticr are, no doubt, considerable ; but they are far from belug insuperable, and the imporiance of the end amply jostifes an attempt to grapple with them. Both the sesured and the underwriter are Bterest Placing their motnal relations upon a footing which would effect a raving of time and temper, and would secure them ageinst the eanoying Pecuaiary loes to which they are at present exposed. It not of bh how (he disguted pointe of ral are tettied as that should be Moet the questions are in the end merely matters of aconunt between one eet of underwriters and apotber, and \t woul! make little dilference to any under- ky iwtereet it fa) be determined the a ved fall. f in tre that there aro Goan allowance of wager and provisions ia a refoge, which wou'd raise qneationa betwoen aipowser and underwriter, but for the sake of Both {1 is to the last degree desirable bat these should not be left az a bone of contention betwoen asfurer and saeured, as are a quae 9, When goods to America are insured in Eog- The evile of the present jem bave already caused much disenteraction ba amare oo well ae inthe country, acd will become more and more intolerable ae the com. merce of the world increases, which it scome likely to do with & rapidity hitherto cnexampled. The time then we aid seen to re ame when an attempt should be mad remove ibi# most annec-mary olomoat bes “7 te ae aod ‘enderwriter, oe in the hope of coming toan understand . tretion, the coupe il of the National Assonietten tor hy Promotion oF Moe nl Science have determ ned that 't abi! be #ate them, be main points which | bave thought it my duty to lay before you; ard the course J intend to pursuo ig to meet the Chambers of Commerce in New York, in 4 in Baltimore, and explain my views to memorialize the memorials trom the 1 Hg ey your government will have determined to act upon the subjects presented in these ‘in desiring sented to the consideration of tie Board this afternoon, I Resolved, That a committee of twelve be ted to govern- pamely —The liability of ehip ovacrs—the rule of the road —the application of the British Foreign Deserter’s actto the ships of the United Statet—ofences committed on the high seas—the settle- In acer- | ment of disputes relative tc wages, &c —the establish. ffcee—tie rights of belligerente— the registering of British built vessels—the coasting The regolution was adosted, and the President autho- rised to appoint the comm stee, which was constituted as wo, jm the way of business by and irrita- tion involve anvually an enormous joss 10 wealth of One of the moet fruitful sources of these by al maritime nations, lows, are by : from such & dest. ‘apparent thy aetion miee ume wo f assured (ude bimeelf sad. died with a lose agetnet which Le beliwved bisaself iu- Nominations in the Metropolis and Elsewhere, THE STRUGGLE FOR THE SPOILS &., &e., &e. ALARMING STATE OF FEELING IN THE SOUTH, OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE. AmLaxta, Ga, Sept. 23, 1860. What Will be Done by the South if Lincoln is Elected? — ‘he Excitement om the Plantations—Prompt Action of the Plantert—Organization of Secret Armed and Mount- 2 Patrols to Orush Out the Abolitionists and Nigger Btealers—Confidence of the Planters in the Fidelity of their Negroes—The Religious Exercises and Amusements of the Slaves Curtailed om Account of the Midnight In- * oursions of Nertnern Incendiaries and Home Robbers, dc. Returning from a brief but searching visit to the inte- rior plantations, your corresponden! hag arrived at these conclusions: — 1, That the Northern people labor under the grossest ignorance in regard to the relations of master and slave on the plantations. 2. That intense excitement exists in all the isolated districts in regard to the movements of the abolitionists of tbe North. 3. That the egricultaral population i rife for revolution aL 4. ineoln be elected, men can be found ready to g0 to Washington, and by force prevent his insugura- 5 De 5. That there already existe an armed league, pledgod to this and other purposes, hostile to Lincola’® govern: men Startling as ome of these conclusions are, yet there are frcquent grounds for believing them warranted by the facts. NORTHERN PRESCDICRS. Many Northern people labor most absurd prejudices relative to the Southern plantatiovs. They bold up contin. ually the terrible picture of slaves scourged, manacled, branded and burned. They figure to them elves the position of slaves in the cotton flelds, working under the lath, and whipped for evory slight neglect of duty, Nothing could be more ridiculous. Instead of the lath being the stimulant to labor, cupidity and the proe under the life upon pects of gain are the actual incentives. Oa aany reguiat ‘tations the slave hasan interest ip ‘the crop and in its expeditious gathering, and, however email bie may be, it is, nevertheless, a sui). proportion , cient stimulus to the negro’s cupidity to render ‘the use of the whip altogether unnecessary. They work hard, ‘and cbeerily; and when the day's work is doos they bare their merry dancing and singing frolics, ao full of Original humor that they would create a pleasurable pom = in ‘ ¥ of the stiffest Sey a the North can produce egroes are happy and contented in their work in the cotton fields. if condition, and those who it is their normal the ticularly. The planters have their slaves, if aloof from of Northern incendiaries. and even are thoros confident that out of who may be tempted, not more than one will prove uw ‘there isolated districts the planters and t LaNCOLN BR FORCIRLY RESUATED? Your sorreepondent has examined carefally (nto this subject, and hae arrived the conclusion above ex by ADOlition sta te intense te Pitty or one hunared ex- I knew they exist—might flow wth blood, and fera in # You would be ing on this subject amon, came of the mam tetelligens peuple ia the agrica ural eo where the strengi of every State actually 19 THERE 4 SOUTHERN LRAGR? Todeod there {#, and 8 strong one, too. 1¢ has ite agents in every county in this State, The league Ontly of planters, who are arranged der the command of suitable captains. The every night, all over the Stale, and are on every direction for CS. and incend: A ite men have already been cacght dwellings and gin bouses, end te Helog negroes toron away. Caves have been lately die covered 2 here | tnese negro sealers would rendez. middle ir negroes concoct plans for future depredations, ph ge Supprossing Tacos | ge of \ aime, the object of the Soutbern League is to ritg about a cordial om among Southerners, end to be ready for action the moment (he critical ques: tip of union or dieupion is to be decided That there are men in thief who would go to Washington aad oreibly prevent Lincoln's inauguration, Tam already ap. prised. Every thing in the heart of the Southera country DOW five the aswurance that a political volcano 's smother whieh te destined, some time or other, to buret and iter desolation and devastation over this fair land, Pet wil rot the hand of the Almighty be interposed to yrevent so dreadful « catastrophe? SHADOWS OF THE COMING CONTEST IN GEORGIA, OUR SPRCIAL CORRESPONDENCE, Avevsta, Sept. 28, 1800. WM Fit and Douglas Unite in Georgia’—The Cry Auguta—its People, Business, Fun, Government, Pott. Banke, Barbecue, Religiom, Represes and Newtpapers—More Calculation and Frah Devwloge ments—4 High'y Moral City, with a Yellow Covered Population—.tuiks in the Cars on Grave Matiers—A Congressman Speaks—Wik Douglas Hang Mraitors? ae, de, ‘Angasta, of all the interior Southern cities, is the Yost to be revered and respected for its moral, religio”s and temperance habits, That intoxicating liquor !& drunk in the place, and aleo in the suburbs, is undoub¥ diy trae. But show me a city of over fifteen thousand inhabitants ‘where you will not find the same demoral) zing practice. But, while im other places they blaza thelr incbri- ety to the face of all the world, Y.ere in the well regulated and lively city of Augusta you will find, as ‘I learn from one of the city missionries, Colonel Cramp, ‘that pine-tenths of al! Ue winey tmproprieties are com- mitted in the private apartments of the bachelors, and im the out of-town temptations termed barbecues, or “cues,” for short. In nearly all the hotels, the Augusta, kept by a popular gentleman named Wheelock, and the Planters’, kept by a gentleman named Robbins, formerly of the Adams House, Boston, being the principal, liquor {a sold on all days and in the early part of the evenings, except on the Sabbath, on which day the sale of liquor, and, indeed, almost its use, is forbidden—unless (a stranger, and especially an express agent from the city of Charleston, arrives in town, on a mission of mercy. On such occasions the rigidity of the Sanday law is relaxed, and the stranger is permitted to receive and entertain his friends with bis usual unctuous bon homme. There are quite a number of drinking saloons and other public schools in Augusta, which the city missionary in- forms me are well supported by the public at large, and also by private subscriptions. There are no theatres at large, at present; but Fleming, who is now in New York, opens at Concert Hall on the 29th, with an entirely ori- ginal play, written by a Southerner, called “Palomba; or, ‘The Carbonari.” A Scotch gentleman, named Thomas Whyte, has opened a fine place, which he bas christened “Winter Garden,” after the Broadway theatre of that ame. MANUFACTORIRS IN AUGUSTA. Avgusta contains about 16,600 inhabitants. There are in operation the Augusta cotton factory, two mills, run- ning 14,450 spindles. The present number of looms ran- ning is 840, and it is intended to increase the number in a short time 175 more. The present production is 164,000 yards per fortnight; number of hands, 362, the aggre- a ." ra cet EI aa Te 7i¥-40 namen are «yon the several cleotoral tickets 10 aid ~ “ate : ‘Electors at Large” State and Judge of the Supreme has been: Southern Rights demouet of the see ae His Opinion is supposed to be that the election of Lincols ‘Would not be a.cause of disunion, per se, but will probably - favor @ convention for deliberation. Gov, McD, a very” popular, but in bad health, which will perhaps prevent. his being United Sthtes Senator in piace of Hon, Mr, Iverson. He was the secossion candidate for Governor in 1861, but was beaten by Howell Cbd by 18,000 | majority. ‘ Henry R. Jackson, of Chatham, is in favor of the disso. lution of the Union on the election of Lincoln, having im troduced resolutions in the county meeting in Savanna. to that effect prior to the Caarleston Convention, He wat: _ one of the seceding delegates from that convention, He was Colonel of the Georgia regiment in the Mesican war, end Miniter 1 to a foreign court under President Pierce. a law. itictan,, Porat cer me oe 1. Peter Cone, of Bulloch; Leonid Legislaturea num- ber of years, etrong in hie own county ; will favor disuaion: in case of Lincoln’s election. 2, W. Mi. of Doug- erty. Nut much iniluence. Position doubtful. 3. 0. C. » of Coweta. By Gibson, of Spaulding, 4. Hu Lewis fumiin, of Ouse. “8 Hae Strickland, of Forsythe. 7. Wm. J. Lohvon, ot Jasper. 8. W. Mf Molatonh ,of Eibert— all doubtful except the last,;who will probabiy fagor dis- ~ union, as that is the prevailing feeling of the party in thie State, in case Lincoln should be elected. BRLL TICKER, Electors at Large. William Law, of Chatham—An eminent lawyer in Savannah, and an old whig, uot a politicise, and will ngt-~ take an active part; has s large persona) interest, but: Will not use it, Against disunion, 1 B. H. Bill, of Troup—Aamerican candidate for Governor two years ago, and was beaten by Josoph E. Brown, (dem.) present Governor; acknowledged leader of the American party in this State; very large influence, and !p- stumping the State for Bell; has large practice asa law- yer; is against disunion in any emergency, and for tho enforcement of the lat po aS PRE % treason under any 1. 8. B. Spencer, of Thomas, 2 Batdaiph Ef Doaisot Spa . & WAP. m4 of Coweta. 6 Jou 6. BP. [st by 2,700. DOUGLAS TICKET. Electors at Large. Alexander H. Stephens, of Taliaferro, is o lawyer, and of the moet popular men in the State, and bas held a very influential position as a politician and statesman, opposed: An election tal \n elect! 68 place in oy), The Breck: 4 a fl with 8 power, rafety valves and the new: eune pepper, No. 6, is an clement in his and [yugs’’ bave nominated another in ee or ne oye profession. The contest is ‘tween lobelia and calomel as it ts between and the fosionites; and as it is likely that there igagreement among the doctors, the people w! selves step in to chooee FUSION IN AUGTSTA. Tn this courty @ Senator and mem! the are to be choren. Committees of 1 and men bave already been appointed, and there is no doubt but a fusion ticket will be formed. That teket thue formed will be elected. ters for the purpose of showing that a Bell and union op the electoral ticket is not at all improbable, but, on the contrary, very likely to cecar. TALK ON THE CARS—COLONEL JONES, THE SCOCESSOR OF HON. A. TL, SURPIRNS in the Fighth district, bas the utmost confidence that Breck inridge will carry the State by a majority. sj that, although the State has not been canvassed, yet by the interchange of sentiment letter, he base arrived at that conclusion. Fusion, he thinks, will be of no aecoust, and he shows Lis long, bandsome, white teeth when anybody intimates to the contrary. Hon. Colonel Jones ‘a a popular and ae papi phy oe Q Is this your firet or second term in Congress, Colonel? Pm ee iy “ee from a constita- does nx ‘ash ington, ‘shall Sct en casdigaccgtey ie Q. Bovgias, you ‘Bo! popular in A. No; he wae not popalar before his Nor and since then be bas of greatly. Q. What did he there to irritate the A. That im case Lincoln should lend hig aid to eustain his administration traitors. ‘Dovg'at considers i fe } [ite < zg i i i speech, Georgians? A Vowe—| WICKRDNESS OF POLITICANS—ROW THE PRRBS ARE CURA’ AND THE PROFLE BOODWINKED, Are you aware that the Washington politicians and b! ling letter writers have recourse to a most foal means cheat, not only the but the presse of the Un! States, ood the most influential tn country’ If the be unknown to you—if opkpown to the Hxatp—your correspondent Mate ‘tbat it is known to = many rr le an! ip uential interested. Let it be then known that iferent parte of the reflect the sentiments to, mailed and in'those places, and iD, as the Naw Yorx Hrrirp, J ‘was written at the seat i. to the Crawfordville Post the Naw Yous Hanann ar a letior Ville. "There a cesicorable indignation among made in At the bresking oot of the Merican war and when } Gen. Taylor was menaced with destroction by the Mexi- esr be was one of those who enlisted in the three months’ Louisiana ent, im which corps he served captain to the raviefecti im of bi for officer, Gea, Quitman. After the term of service expired Col. Rudier returned to New Orleans, whence he afterwards Pro. ceoded to California on business. Ir eWoekton. about three "years ina. tanchorg, ralsieg mock. He here became intimate with Walker, who up, vited to bim bis plan: he cngsged ia ‘Was. Wer's Oat expedition. invest! y all bis money there ‘P, fome $3,000 or $4000 During the ot the ex) ¥¢ition, Col. Radler was wounded in the Knee a mosk: t ball, aod cpon the falture of the enterpri turned h&me & cripple. He was here. living wi water, sor 2 two years, when the expedition which bas just met so fatal an ond wae proposed He entered into it with bis a"Customed ardor, leaving New Orleaas some two monthe a, °°, and the result is known. Col. Rudler ©. \yoyed the unbounded estcem of a large crete of acqua \ntavers. He bas friends all oror the country, partionh Vly in the Bouth—in Savannah Macon, gomery, Moi ‘ile, New Orleans, Texas &s., fiends are maki @ arr its to bare brought here for int. Fiment, to effect which « > Bo object by re. hie boty 4 pense wi AvGOMTA, Ga., Sept. 23, 1860 1. Georgia @ Disunion S0eeP—Anaiyss of the Sweral | Ticketo— What Wilj be Done? de. > j berewith tranamit a brief B.rtory of the political feet Inge snd sectimente of the moet Prominent geotiomes | ie f to disunion without a cause. a lawyer, good orator, Considerable Influence Augustus stumping the State the north of the Sate, but held no very bigh officia} Position. x Ld alternate electors for tho State at large ie ~~ = of Foe & prominent Southern 1, James L. Seward, of eons ber of Congress from bis district, righta in polities, ifluentia! io bis in Gwinnett. 7. J. 8. a, of Richmond; al political feeling of the the election of Lincoln, but Breckinridge party er wipes ge for bis election, bi and will probably not advocate : 5 : gg iy resistance with- POLITICS IN SOUTH CAROLINA. OUR CHARLESTON CORRESPONDENCE, Cuantestoy, 8. C., Sep: 12, 1960. A Leap from Niagara to South Carolina—Phe Trip—The Passengers—1he City of Charlesion—Iis Health and lis Surrendering his precious charge, Gov. Seward, to one of the Hmsacp’s indefatigables at Niagara,on tho Sdof ~| the current month, your special correspondent finds him- Self, at the date above written, in this fine old Southern city. The passage from New York here was made tp the good and fast eteamehip Columbia, under the command of Commodore M. Berry, who is at once among the mer- rieat and most capable steamboat commanders upon the American waters. It was truly a pleasant trip, and one which all on board, numbering about one hundred and fifty souls, enjoyed from the start, Among the passen- gers were W. Gilmore Simms, Faq., the popalar novelist and agreeable gentleman; Senor Francisco Munoz Ramon. de Monacada, Spanish Covsul for the States of North and South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, &:., recently appoinved to the position; Henry Missroon, sq , agent of the line: mber of Spanish ladies, Andalusian beauties, witb large, rolling and luscious black eyes, a glance from which. rivets the beart of a man of tender susceptibilities like a nail driven into the lid of bis coflia; old and young men from Florida, ag yet our fairest sister io the constellation Of States; from Alabama, from Georgia, {rom the far North. and the farther South, from the fur Weat, even unto Call- fornia, but none, not one, from the East, from New Eng- land. There were also a few Charlestovians retarniag from their Northern eummer tour, and some up country Planters and merchants going home after making their New York purchases, The number of passengers would for the re bave been larger had it not 108 of @ report in New York at the yellow prevailed in Charleston, and that it would be dan- i i fs | i F i Tiiinote in del they mast take to secure the p Aedbehey bis frieod aod Judge int. Bluff, curt. ceowive, he it mest as if it were in reslity @ deciaration of W | AR ogainet bie opponents. Morray MoJomnel takes [ts cbief, cown | etsy and understanaingly. He reasons carcfully and acte | a He i the most untiring mao in tbe dele- bation, Bot what is this baybab! What the dewon | | — We B mene Occupy thos — t ® thundering row! It can't be | there must be discord ia the interior, newoeer pama'ee It is the New Yi | the face. Hang it! reclaiming adhesion to Dowg- Whose berly voice ia that oo lelity to the State fleshpote is carry Now York, that's oor business, Dy Jehowepbat | —-(ne generally user a ehorter word for hie oath, sommeacing With the same ietter.) Don't you know who that i#, That's be of the jolly proboscis and fat belly, ne who car. rice the demo vty of the Tunpire tate im the saat ichmund. Une would think that the Deep i#cxoited, OF that be drinks. But he ¢ not ex. down Enst editor, “he don't 18 the carefol and caloalat ing t thinking tke « mill race. And , in bie Dive Coat and DeRs tout on. from to be much pitered st the Way things are going He ye either vexed OF very anx ove. Torre be was, on the 94th of April Inst, ® pillar of strength ip the demoor: party, & party oracle, « gan. tines & boom companion, without & peer, "But where is he Echo, in bpnig@ Mercy, fhile te, erewer Ard then there are Caggor=Oegger a beruf—and Jour Cochrane, (he life and the light, the fower rtrerett, the ornament apd the ut literian of hia tone thé friend of the ladies, and beloved by all of them who hare any ‘ove toepare, Aad there i# Ciancy of thy Schell, paying hth here ie leaac VF ome. Be don