The New York Herald Newspaper, August 20, 1860, Page 2

9 “ the intentions of their respective Courts, Tharecter of the aseistance accorded to the Sublime Porte ‘on the terms of the protoco! of this same ments which have dictated the Abeir complete disinterestedness, declare, in the mal way, that the contents, Powers neither mean mor will pursue, while fulfilling their iis, any Gerritorisl advantage, nor any exclusive juence, nor ‘Any couceasion with to the commerce of their sub- Jects, which would not be conceded to the subjects of all other nations. Nevertheless, ow f cannot bring themselyes to ab- Btain, in calling to memory the acts cmanated from his Majesty the Sultan, of which article 9 of the treaty of March 80, 1858, has confirmed the high value, rom expressing the importance (le pris) which their ‘respective Courts attach to (he adaptation, in conformity ‘with the solemn promises of the Sublime Porte, of serious ministrative measures for ameliorating the fate of the Coristian poprmens (des populations) of whatever churcb Crt) in Ottoman —— Toe Plenipotentiary of Turkey takes notice (prend acte) Of this declaration of the high Powers, and uniertakes to tranamit it to his Court, drawing attention to the fact that ‘the Sublime Porte has directed, and will continue to direct ita offorta in the sense of the wish expressed above. Doue at Paris, 3d August, 1560, bare MErT! COWL REVSS KISSELEFF, AHMED VEFYK, the Londou Times, August 6.) We are ity possession of ‘the resolutions of the Great lowers with regard to the Syrian outbreak. They Gre framed with great caution, or rather, to speak plainly, ‘ov the étrictest principles of mutual distrust. [fany one wishes to know what the great Powers think of each Other, and by what close aud stringent regulatioas they consider it necessary to circamscribe the free action of each of them, le him ponder carefully over the terms of this Gonveation, made on the representation of the Sal- ‘tas that he desires the assistance of the European Powers in order to restore tranquillity in Syria. The it Pow ers undertake to send a ‘not exceeding 13, men to tue distarbed province. of these troops are to be found by France, the rest by other lowers, as may be agreed upon. They are to act in concert with the Commis- sioner of the Sultan; the Sultan must fornish them with provisions and facilitate their march. The expedition is pot to last more than six months. Thus, after a brief respite, does Europe find herself once more committed to intervention in the East, and thus is once more re- Opened that eternal Eastern question which Earope bas 0 often and so fruitlessly striven to close. We haye no fault to find with the rrangements made under the Done vention, which are ably the best and 0% , Tent aint” the, ciroumiances admit of To avokl inter vention altogether, after what has passed, was impossi Die. Tho insult is too gross, the wrong too flagrant, the eruelty too recent and too horrible to aimit of its being passed over in silence, even in deference to the strongest feelings of internation jealousy, Tae Eastern question has, in fact, reopened ite We have thrown what we bad best and mort preci > the gulf, but the gulf re fuses to close up, aud ovens iis mouth wider and wider, demanding still new must intervene, it ig well to limit our inte iu number and in nation. We thus reduc The shock to the influence of the Sultan within his own dominions is made es small as possible, and the chance that any E pean Power may be able to profit by the public misfor ed in a gimilar proportion. So far as proto ge it, the Turkish empire bas another, aud perhaps, @ Mnal cu mee of regeneration. If this Pe y be missed, noi all the mutual jealousies of the States of Eorope can save the Porte from a speedy Little as we b beea wceastomed Turkish goverament to ch its friends in this » frequently undertaken, op) aul aud total downfall. 1 spooulate on the ability of th effect any of that progress for wh country bave so iargely and we certaialy could not La that within uid fh once more Oriental polities, f 1884 and 1865 undertakings of str Of a the desperate apparently de 1 us the Porte, which has she accomy 1” Of all her projected plans of mont, nas been put fnto execution? The army is unt » finances are deranged; the sbores of the Bospb covered with gaudy palaces, while the provi. e subjected to the most shameless extortion, and we are startled from our dream of improvement by the announsement of massacres: perpetrated by the Mabomedan subjects of the Sultan, as- Bisted by his regular troops, aud connived at, to say the Jeast, by his General. Lord Stratford de Redoliffe cells us tbat the day of palliatives is goue by, and we are vory much disposed to agree with him. Stil we are not pre pared to adopt at once his su n that a Conference of the representatives of the great Powers should sit perma- nently in Constantinople, n order to watch over the exe- cution of those aeedful reforms which the Tarkish govern- ment haso often undertaken, and 0 wuiformly falied to effect, When it shall come to the point of putting the go- ‘vernment of Turkey in the hands of a Commission in which the government ot Turkey ‘tse!f shall have no voice, the day of pailiatives will indeed be over, aad the Sultan will have sunk into @ position similar to that to which we have re- duced 60 many Indian potentates. If Europs once makes up her mind that the Turkish goverament can no longer De treated as a reality, the day of dissolution will have arrived, and the question will be not of placing it in the hands of a Commission, but of dividing the empire among the different Powers ef Farope. We sha'l view sacha Proceeding with no slight apprehension; but to this it must come at last, unless Turkey is prepared to do what Bue bas never done before—to set herself in earnest to Promote interual improvement, aud to adopt, together With an efficient foance, the ordiaary doctrines of hu manity and toleration. have no doubt we shall be told, a& we have often been told before, that no country is makiog such rapid steps in the path of improvement ey, and that all she requires is to be left alone her’ energies are applied whole and unaivided he of reereating her empire. If wo to take the view of the most sanguine friends we must ve that Englishmen live aud move aud have their being priacipally that they may contribute go the stability Sultan's throue i she is called upon to enc angers and ¢ ° ties for the sake of & ay Bot unreasona- Diy answer that she bas and tat for the ‘urkey must undert of her owa vre ve well i IG would not be the view upon whi lowed to act, We should be told that, from fear of the complication ch would egrtainiy follow should the dominions of Turkey in Furope be leit to be scrambled fur among the great thing must be do 1 endured rather nw each tha 4 which she for fresh See, as we have said Which bas boen agreed upoa, but we reaily Gught to be understood that this is the last ins auce of agection which Turkey has to expect. What we Woat 1, Our projected improvements slighted, 0 Citizens sad the professors of ov dered ou the grounds of that very 80 it, we think we have done enough, and that b woe renounce the task of watebing over the destiny Of Turkey, We cannot forey ept the cilise of gnar- Gian to this aged empire, which seems never to arrive At yeart of diccretion, add uever likely to cater with tae feast prospect of success upon tae manag tof itsorn aairs, It is, no doubt, s wonderful cause 6 pyre mid to stand upon its Read, but te exhibition josea it rectivenes# if too often repeated, and even the most Auipulator n last arrive at the minat the furcer of G Antagon'st ta res. Abd.cl-Kader writes to the manag: ai Krey:— fo the Cristians ed that on Monday noon, the war broke out, in conseqn mafew Mussuimins who bat (a These Mussulmaas, ia a state 0; ed to the teeta, to the Cl g, buraing and pillagis soldiers Came to ase st t viaharent ted the teuce of wetting an eud to the disturbs comm Ps we a $ sew » os e Luswrians + meltod forth, taxing Algeriaca with me, and we were abdleto save the lives of men, women asd childr wd bring them home 4th us. This state of things lasted Moucay and Tuowlay, during which the rioters did not cease to kill, bara « immoilate the Christians, without the Governor aiturding them any help. I sent for M. Lanusae, the Freach Cons aad other Frenchmen, to protest them from the fory the mob. On Wednesd under the pretence tw Musvwilmens baviag been found mardered, which was aot the case, the war recommenced. Vet Damascus hat a governor, but it is the same thing as if it had notone. Por me, ! re the disaster which bas befallen tho Chris. tase & yo where their bouses stood cannot be re cognived—all their dwellings are relucet toashea The umber killed is hot koown, Dut it is estimated at 3 500. All the Europeans and Christians | have collected are in safety in my house. | provide them with all they ‘want, aad pray Allah to save toe wafortumate Obrist ane from these (anatics. ADD-EL KADER.E {From Eastern correspoadence t Bary July 19 Asa ganerai rule the first accounts whieh we r calamity are subsequently found ty b in the came of Damaerus ly persecution feladet tmv axa It was #0 when the refogee Cnristiat flying t didon on the 24 Jone wore met at the gute of and upwards of three houdret men, Wonca ‘und children, monks, priests and nuns were batohored by Qn infuriated Moslem population, aited by the 4)0> © froops. It was the game when we received the news of ‘Whe maartcre at Hasbeyia of seven haudret Curl |we, ‘Being first disarmed by the commenter of the Te-kiet thea handed over to be butchered by the murder of Christians at Hasboyia we it half the eel! Se, ales, when tho whole ‘(Chriatian of Deir-e| Kamar was swept away oy She knives of the Druses, boiug frst disarmet by the Jocal Turtih governor, it was only by legreoe we learnt ‘the whole fearful truth. Ani nowe avails, io the cvs of Damasous, the first account, aithoogh torrivie enouga, ‘was not nearly so bad as We Oo © Gad the eeteal deca ty be. ta my frat despateh i aun mort 0) ut the Bi ory or o Christians massacred amounted ¢ ~, bat are mow ascertained to hare bees wowards © 2009. a twice that t. Oa the eveaiag for the simple reason that oy more een 1» GORE Bek seg OBA der, Too Lire nino Waa Mop? i burnt. Poor . Grahame, Mission, was murdored within « 1 © which i $ ES E 4 2 3 § Fi e z e 2 the the Terra Santa, or Franciscan Convent, eight and a lay brother—consisting of three Aust i three Spauiards, two Italians, and a Maltose—were murdered, and their church and residence and burnt. of But what is perhaps most all is, that some seven hundred tian women—wives, daughters and sisters of native others—ha\ ‘hants, shopkeepers and we been Taken away—some to the barems of the Moslems, others sold to the Kurds, or whoever would buy them, and very many taken away from their homes into the desert by these barbarians. Thi mut the fearful scenes and events which lasted from day to the Saturday, Achmet Pacha, the Governor, never moved from his serail or palace, nor were any steps taken to ftop the outrages, except that of sendimg into the town troops who ‘immediately foined in the pillage, in many cases taking part in the massacre. Although au old min, and out atthe risk of his life, the Fagtish Consul, ‘| beam, thirty six feet four inebes; surrounded by @ stron ard of Abd el Kader’s men Mit found means: times of reaching the Pacha, end of ing bim to, takesome steps to stay the out- break. But no, he wuuld do nothing, although at the commencement of the riot his troops, rs aud irre: gulars, outnumbered the rioters by at least ten to ons. In fact, the native Christians of Syria have a far greater terror of the Turkish troops sent to preserve order in the province than they have of the Druses or even of the Moslem population, This very moruing { was trying to dizsuade a native Christian merchant from emigrating to Alexandria, and used ag an argument to induce him to stip {that there would now be no disturbances ia Beyrout, a8 4,000 more troops were to be o their way hither. ‘That makes exactly,” was his reply, “four thousand reasons why I should send off my family to Fgypt by the very first steamer.” And if such is the dread inspired by the regular troops, what must be the terror with which the Bashi Bazouks, Arnaouts, and otber irregular miscreants, are regarded’ English officers in the Crimea found it difficult to manage these scoundrels, but the Turks—not paying them—are ip absolute dread of them. No later than last week, here tn Beyrout, a Christian child of eight years old waa in open dey, and under the windows of the government palace, treated with unmentionable atrocity by one of the Bashi Bazouks, her mother’s cries being heard in the very ball of (so-called) justice, but no notice whatever being taken of the circumstance. The man, owing to @ very strong remonstrance on the part of the consuls, was pation his trial, but, in spite of the Hatti Humayoun, no Christian witness can criminate a Moslem, aud the Cnris- Ulan mother was the ouly witness. I have full confidence—I wish th ives of Syria had— thatthe Porte will even yet punish, and spare not the evil doers ia this matter. The day before yesterday— co the satisfaction of all Ghristians, w the dismay of the ocal Turkish officials, aud to the great surprise of all— Youd Pacha, the Minister of Foreiga Affairs at Conatanti- nople, arrived here without any kind of warning what- ‘He is armed with full powers, even of life aud two Turkish tuto ever. teath, and is accompanied by two Christian commissioners, to look tae tate of aflairs here. Moreover, by the san amen, we learnt to our very{great satisfaction, that Naik Yacha, of Jeddah notoriety, who bad been ordered to ria as commander-in chief, was now not coming at all, yut that a certain Haleem Pacha had arrived io his Thi aud F his was an uamease relief to the Christians iere, for Namik Pacha is. weil known to be oue of the greatest fanatics in the whole empire. So tar, then, 80 good. Louly wish Leould see that Fuat Pacha had put some of the officials here on their trial, or bad them under arrest 48 4 preparatory measure. Thoge most implicated iu this afuir sre Kurehid Pacha, the Civil Governor of Heyrovt; Osman Effendi, his rekia or deputy; Achmet Fendi, bis secretary; Tire Pucha, Military Chief of Di- vision; and Achmet Pacha, Comman ter ia Chief in Syria, and Governor of Damascus, These mea have amongst tuem to answer for the blood of about tea thousand christian subjects of the Porte, and as accessories both before und after the fact, any jury in Eagiaad would re- turn a verdict of guilty against them if arraigned for this wholesale murder. P, S.—1 bave just seen & most authentic statement of the Damascus atfair; the number killed is tated to be at least 3,600 to 4,000.’ The murderer of Mr. Grahame is well known. Naples and Siclly. ‘The Paris Patri and the Pays state that a despatch had reached Paris acnouncing the uaoy diazembarkation of fifteen hundred Garibaldian volunteers in Calabria, and stating that Garibaldi was expected to arrive shordly at Naplee, he having been summoned thither by the revo- Jutionary committee of that city to assume the direction of the government. Arumor was current that the Neapolitan Eayoys to Turin, having seen the impossibility of concluding au alli. snee weeu Sardinia and Naples, wore to leave Turin forthwith. Departure of C mnons, Guns and Steam- ships for Garibaldi from Liverpool. (From the Liverpool Daily Aagust 4 f This morning at one o'clock noble paddlewbeel steamer, the second of two which have been purchased jn this port for Garibaldi, rounded the rock on hor way to the coast of Sicily. , 48 upholders of con- ‘stitutional government, we have no right to interfere in ‘the distractions which have fallen upon Naples, yet the sympathy of England is ever with the and pervades even commercial circles. Every one or Jess, felt unusual interest in the movements of Gari- baldi, and we have already mentioned that MM. Feletti and Orlando, bis ageats, have been busy in this towa pegotiating for the purchase of steam vessels and war materiel lor that dietinguished chief. MM. Feletti and Oriando are men of jacj mt and extensive e< perience, and the illustrious dictator has shown a wise discretion in bis selection of them as bis-ageats for this delicate and important mission. M_ Feletti, to whom we have had the pleasure of betag introducéd, once held acommand in the Sardinian army, in which he seryed during the war with Austria in 1848 His col Yeague, M. Orlando, i¢ au emment eugineer in Genoa, owning large works there, and having upwards of 900 men ip Lig employ. These gentlemen, in their arrange- meats for the purchase of the required steamships, have wisely reposed unlimited trust in Measrs, Curry, Kellock & Co, the eminent shipbrokers ofthis town, aad the re. sult, we peed not "7 has amply justified their conti. dence. Not ouly bave voesels of first rate char- acter been secured, bat they have beeu bought a advantageous terms (being paid for in cash), r fitted, loaded ad deepatched with true business like colerity. The paddle wheel steamer Independence, which sailed (his morning for Biol was built y Mossra. Ste- vens & Co , of ow, im thé year 1867; she is 330 tons register, and will carry 540 tons gross tonnage; 1s 225 feet long and 24 feet wide: when loaded, she wiil draw 10 feet draught of water ¥der engiues are 220 borse power, and she is intended to be used a8 a despatch boat, everege speed being fourteen Kucts per Lour, and bor jption of coal 80 owt. per hour, Mr. C. R. Suckliag has been appointed to command her; be is a geutieman of great experience, having beememployed in the govera ment transport servicg during the whole of the Crimean war. The independence takes out no guvs or ammaal. tiom, but sho has a first rate supply of coal, The Queen o! Eoglaad, which sailed from this port on Thursday mor ing last, was purchased from Messrs, Leech Marron & Forwood. She is 985 tons net register, 1,449 grose register; 1,530 builder's tonnage, au # commanded by Captain Corbet, a geatieman well known in this port a8 an experienced shipmaster. This serew steamer was built for service, at a cost of upwards of £66,000, by the celebrated builders, Messrs. R. and H. Gre of Loudoa, under the personal superia- wor Lang, Fa ,of ber Majesty's dockyard, re warraulecs that wotuing dnt the best Amana ip, and approved fasten- | ed in her construction. Her dimensions are. = | Length over al), 274 foot; length over keel, 244 feet lepth of bold, ¢enty- Ubree feet six inebes; length of poop, eighty feet; beight vet ween deck aft, deck to beam, six feet six inches; do. amidships, 8x (get four inches; do. at the stem, six ' feet has, more git iockes The beight and capacity of the ‘tween decka are admirably adapted for a troop ship, and com- vwetent eusvepors bave prouounced her capable of carry: ng the heavy armament of a sixtecagun sloop of war, The engioes were coustrocted by Messrs. r, Ravenhill & Co, of London, and were or " intended for the Admiralty despatch steamer. T 4 bave ceotlaiiog cylingers, aud are died wth expenseon gear and other modera improvements, ‘Thetr nominal Loree bower i# 300; diameter of cylin ter, G8 wehes: longNs of stroke, 4 feet 6 inches; steauniay speed, I keors, etn canyas, 14knots. The bankers wi sontain 600 toos of cosl, She has jour tubular boilers and teleacopte owinel, these and the engines are iv most compiote order. Dre screw it 80 arranged that jt can be lifted and lowered at sea, and is of brass, ag well as ail the fra ne work and fastenings congected with it, 89 com Dining ali the advantages of 4 fall powered steamer with those of @ fast clipper ship. The Queen of Eagtand las veen provided with a formidable armament, having om voard come of Captain Biakeley’s patent ridod cannon, manufactured by Mossre, Fawcett, Preston & Oo., engin? towa. They are ‘six to seven’ inches r and will tarow shell, with eight oF tim degrees elevation, three milea We belisve the amount of materiel purchased from Mesare, Faw cett, Treswn & Co, amounted t upsards of £1,200. Ove of the guns is mounted oa the foreoastie wpoe a traversing carriage, and she also carries twoive other heavy Four caaes of medical stores from the London Lacie rivaldi Society were shipped in ths easel by Mess emwort, lyme & Co, Value £100 Mogers. Curry, Kellock & Co also shipped four casss, sent from the game society, valve £40. There wore also Shippet 1,125 cases of Gol. Coltis rifles, value £39.800 , whieb © yy Major Hartley (rom America (or Gari babi): they were stored here at Mestre. Baring Brothers’ warchouse, Strand street, and were brought over ty thie country by the American bark Charlee B. Tenitt, Oar | reatere will reoolle-t that the inbabiiants of Queenstowa degominated thie coool tae “mysterious bark,” ae she lay off that p rt or six montha, before lay. ing \t for Liverpoo! on che 25th of May last. Phe rest of the Cargo of the Qneen of England comsiow of twenty fve tents, «ie £07; eighty rites (im fear canes), £220; £10, re. guile fo" cannon (one case), ), £400; * (one cate), 6100, hard ‘one case), £59: parts youvers (ven Cases), Ware (tw) eager), £60; cart of arms <iwalve onsaa), £ cutlaases (sixteen cares), £200 1.160 Endeld ri) « (@inty three cases), 40 pistols (one ease), £2: cartridges (one care), arr c 9, £540 141210 can nons, £700, empty abetla (forty cases), £390, 386 lomo shelia, £25 There were upwards of 30,000 rifles alts. | gether on board, and ber cargo, which was eatire'y for | the age of the Sicilian’, amounted to upwards of £59,000 in value. The four Whitworth ¢ sadect bed for in Manches | ter for Garibaldi, did not arrive la time bor despite’ 0 this vessel. We understand they will be forwarded by next steamer. The Tatepeatence sat Quees of Eigliaad wore cleared for Gibraltar, We should not omit to add that the Quoea of Eugiind hog aleo on board & large quantity of Hot, for which Me White will, mo doabt, faa ample use in vas hospitals at | Palermo ander bor éirection A ponaiay movement at oo hat baea aappresee t Ade PROPS wD UII ft wee rtaiey Sardinia. of 100,000, 00 lire at wad ins depict on the Sardinian government levy of the classes of 1838 and 1899. Ambassador at Turia is 6aid to have as- Cavour of the strictest neutrality of Prussia to Italy. 1,000 voiuateers: Tere Turin for Italy on the 21, and 4,000 more were to baye left ou the 4th. France. The Monitewr announces that the Emperor, wishing to give Abd-ei Kader a tokea of the sentiments which Lis boble conduct at Damascus bas inspired, has Goaferred on him the Grand Cross of the Legion of Houor, It was rumored in Paris (iat the regimeuts of the live were to be increased from 102 to 110. The Bourse ou the 6th was dull and heavy, at y de- cline, Rentes closed at 68.15. An Engltsh View of American Abol (onists. (From the Liverpooi Poat, July 30. Ps It is unfortunate for the cause of freedom and civilize. tion that the anti slavery party in the United States (jue ging from its representatives in Ragland) rese~avios, ih one respect, the teetotal advocates iu this country. With the best inteutions they are unpracticalf and appeal to the sympathies without pointing to a possible remedy for the evil Uhat they desire to exterminate. Let us hear what is the nature of the arguments and ‘of the proporals made by those who visit our shores for the purpose of soliciting our aid in their noble cause. “Slavery,” they say, ‘ie au abominable crime, it is not only @ miasma that taints the atmosphere of tha States, but one for which ail bumanity is respousible ; aud you Eaglishmen, you men of Liverpool, are t the supporters and abettors of this crime. Not alone do you look on complacentiy whilst your brothers are being bought and sold, but you actually ¢ the trathe by clothing yourselves, your children your dependents, with vestments made trom the cotton that is cultivated under the lash of the slave driver, and of which every bale is drawn from the womb of mother earth at the cost of a tortured bedy or of an oppressed spirit. Shame on you, mercenaries! Will you not €o far your self wants as to mark your detcatation of thi pernicious system by refusing to purchase the bodies and souls of these dark brothers ia the shape of Yankee cot- ton? Break off ull association with these man vendors. Tf our teachi have not served toconvince them of their error, your displeasure and ¢xpediency will probably bring it a more favorable result.“ Now, reader, what does this practically mean? Why, it amounts to this:— Until you are ina position to grow cotton ia your own territories in sufficient quantities to supply your wants, you must lay up against sour quays a few score of vessels, and allow them to rot, you must throw out of employ ment some hundreds of séamen, leave unclothed myriads Of your countrymen, aud must beggar huudreds aud thousands by taxtog them exorbitantly, in order to in- creage the accommodation iu your poor houses, aud pro vide for the sbeiter aad support of other thousands of your citizens ‘And, lastly, you must quarrel, aud rapture your con. nection with those waom you wish to lafluence for good. And for why? Because we, lababitanta of the Northera States, are « able, by precept eud example, to convince our ern ethren that elavery is a crime in the eyes of aud man, and au institution that should be immediately abo lished at any sacrifice, But there are reflecting men who may as\<,‘ If your North. ern cousing are doing their utmoat to eradicate this evil, hanw comes it that Lewis Smith and EBtda Rose, two Ameri- can slanes, ho have succeeded, by dutt of arduous wil, be yond labor hours, in purchasing their own freedom’ and that of their wives and the greater part of their famil ave obliged to come over to England and appeal to Christian charity for £1,000. required lo purchase tie ri dom of oe children of Lewis Smith, still in slavery! Hinn is it that the leading anti-slavery men of the United States could not manage to extract these paltry 5000 doliars wut of the pockets of the wealthy of the fre: States? Did we, whom you acouse of being the abettors of American slavery, allow our slaves in Jamaica to appeal ta the charity of other nations for emoncipation’ Did we take our neignbors ou the Continent to task for consuming slave grown sugar ? Sporting Intelligence. OLD ABRAHAM CANN, THE CHAMPION WRESTLER OF ENGLAND. Abraham Caan was born at Colebrook, Creditoa, Devon, in 174, and he is conseqently sixty six years old. His father we mall farmer there, aud was known a6 a good “player” in the wrestling matches of his neighbor. hood, This patriarch had four sons besides Abraham, namely, James, Robert, George'and William Cann, all of ‘whom were good wrestlers, though none attained the position of their brother. Early in Iife, when Cann firet showed indications of that inarvellous dexterity aad strength which afterwards distinguished him, he was taken in baud by the well known W. Wreford, Bsq., of Glaunborough, who became his patron, and backed him in bis principal matches. countenance which, all thi his career, he received from gentlemen of this stamp, is in iteelf a sufficient testimony to the excelleuce of his character, ooe of the leading traits of which is his unblemished honesty. When he played his celebrated match with Volkiughora at Devonport. ‘Sep tember, for £2000 a side, an Exeter baker oifered Cann a bribe of £540 to lose one full out of three. Abra. ham, however, replied that the ouly way his back was to be had was by throwing him. Once more, in his match with Gafney, the Irishman, a Whitectapel baker (as anxious as his floury brother of Exeter to do the public brown) offered him £1,000 to lose, but got no better an- swer than the other. Gafney was no match for Cann, and had no chance; but Polkinghorn was an enormous Cornishman, € feet 2 inches in es , aud weighing 220 Ibe. He was champion of Corn but was forced to succumb to the stoat litte Doven man, who was only 5 feet 8%4 inches in height, and weighed only 175 ibs. Im the great match bet@een these athietee the giant took bis antegocist in bis arms and carried Lim round the ring “And what'll ye do with me now you've got me*' said Canv. “Upon my word | don’t know,” replied Polkinghorn, Nor did be; for ere be could rid bimee'f of his davgerous burden the powerful leg of Abraham was locked in bis, and down fell the Cornishman to the earth like tower. fath. At the age of thirty of a wrestler, tremedously . and with legs’ and arms of was so powerful that if he seized a man by the arm there was no resisting bim, but down ke went. Polkinghorne tied bim once, but he never was beaten after bo was » man. It now appeare that times have altered with Abraham Cann, who never did mach in the money making way beyond aasisting one of his brothers in a’ small (arm. Tosave this fine, brave ‘old man from the workbouse, some gentlemen have in Veresied themselvés in getting up a fund to bay him a email anpuity. Literatnre and Art. The dpe Nbraries of the late Mr. Lancelot Tolland, and of bis brother, Mr. Henry Holland, have recealy been sold by Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson, London, at prices worthy the best days of Bibliomanta. The following were among the more important artieles:—Boileau Despréeact, Qaeres, Paris, 1747, 8 5 & beautiful copy o2 fine £19; Bourdaloue, Sermones, 16 vols, a very copy Barnabee Itiverarium, 2 1bs.; Bandello, No- fine copy of the rare original edition, yita et Fabel, printed by Aldins, 1505, pap im meroceo, £18 183 ; Graithwait first edition, with frontispiece, 4 4 vol vi ra ivtiva, printed by Past and Schooter, 1472, £165; first ecition of Craumer’s Bibie, imperfect, £28; Bybie i Faglishe, of the largest and greatest volume, printed by Richard Grafwn, iat, i Hiblia Germanica, first edition of Luther's complete version, 1684, ‘& bdeautiful copy, £66; Batler’s Hudibrag, by Grey, a fue copy of the best edition (1744) on, lange ‘paper £16; set of the Chronicle of Eogiaad, printed at the Hafod Press, £30 108 ; Breydonbach, Sano” Yarum Ueregripationym Oposcalam, the firat book of tra- vels ever printed, (12 163 ; The Boke of Eoeydos, com py led by Virgyie, printed by Caxton, 1400, the first four Jeaves inlaid, and (ue fifth ia fac simile, £94; Cicoronis Officierum Libra LV. ct Paredoa, first edition, aad the first portion of any classical author ever printet, £85; Gaacoigne’s Whole Woor'ces, with the Glass? of Covera: ment, £16 10s : Dyalogus Creaturaram, first edition, 1480, £14 68 ; Spectator and Tatler, a fine series of the origin: papers, con'aining curious advertieoments, £25 Gough's Sepuledral Monoments, § vois.,a Ore copy, £7 Hasted’s History of Kent, 4 vols, £19 16s. ; Hig tun’s Poll- ohronicon, 1495 Homer! Opera Omaia, the rare firet edition, but the volumes of unequal size, £86; Horattus, the drat Aldine et ition, £13; [4 & fine copy,on thick paper, £16; rks of Hesiot, oy Chapman, £16 108: The Crow: Homer's Worked, by the same, £10 1be ; Lodge's Portraits, 4 vols , proofs, £49; Marguerite de Navarre, ron Frang ws, & copy on fine paper, £11 $8.: Moliére (ares, Sine copy i morocco, £14 14s ; Petrarca, ‘he first lialien book priated im the italic “Gent of all ct | type of Aides, £8 108; An‘reini, L’Adamo, frst edition, £12; Milton's Lycidas, a beautif:l cop tiom, £13; ikon iastes, tiret edition, ; Epiacapacy, Areopagitica, aud other Tracts, irst editions, £16; Montaigne, Hysais, Count Hoym's fine copy, Paris, 1688, £36 103,; Moutfaucon, L’Antiquité Expligné et Mouomens de ia Monerehie Francvise, vols, o paper, £86; Perrauit, Les Mustres, the Beckford’ copy, 218 108; hie Pilgrimes, a fine ‘are copy, with the of the Works of Shak: fromtiapiece, £89; nrer edit pears, George Chalmers’ copy. the verges inlaid, £94; a Very Ghe second etition, £36, Works of Taylor, the water poet, a large and (ae copy, £19 10s ; Swiabarne, Voyare dane les Deux Stiles, a riper copy, with sixty original drawings, £31 10s ; Lea Wilson's catalogue of Wibles* and Testaments, oe printed, ; Ware's whole Works relating t Ireland, Grst edition, £13. Trere were algo a few matuecripts hig 4 Of quotation: —Evr, im cundam Matthirem, of the fifteenth cootnry, C18; acharm- ing litle book of Hours of the Chorch of Paris, om veltam, with ilumipations of am uousaal character, Fremeh art, mre xy, £60, Officiam et Preces, cum Notis Musicis, most Deantifally written om pare vellum, swe. xiii, £68 Tota: amount of the sale, £4,475 108. 64 An interesting return, evcry picture in the Nat 1 he formar Th a i" pease @ Paul lery Ai an ex; of £18,650, \« wat valtadis 7 poanenatey if the length Of ihe bi) for It De takeu a¢ a ertterion, and no other single painting in the gallery has cost aaything like thia sum. Tie wheievs 0! the national collection was pur: chared in 1823 from Mr. J. © Angerstein for the sam of the first edi 10 158. Proiatica vat intued, shows the gost of and many other reaowned By 1844 atuetecn more pietares bad been ¢, among them being Re paintings. added to those mentioned abov: shacl's “BI Catherine,” Tithan’s “ Bacchus and Ariadne,” or which £0,000 ' was pat: Correggio's «Mer: cary waching Cupit to read,’ and the “Recs Homo,’ which wat purchased together from the Marquis of Lontender-y for £tt$00 On the 2éth November, 1843, Sir Charlot Fastiake was appotated keeper of the gallery. The “Judgmeat of Paris” wat bought under his auapiers ia Toly, 1844. fer £6,200, from © Kaight, ta 1947, for by Velasquam, for (2.060, aod many others The Kroger entaetion wae pur Gadd We poe dy | portlet Tt was a | , ret edition, "printed by Aldus. 1548, , |, Le Diable Boiteax, | i { » pai 6 ovum of £1, the foes by Bs Catherina, works of bted merit and value. A list of the be- quests and gifts to the nation is added to the return, which forms @ complete history of our national collection. Hurst & Blackett, London, have just issued the uew work from the peu of T. W. Atkinson, eutitled, ‘Travels in the Regions of the U; and Lower Amoor, ant the Russian Acquisitions on the Confines of ladia and China, &e.”" It ie embellished with upwarda of eighty iMustra- tions, and bas @ comprehensive map by Arrowsmith. A pew musical work is now in performance at the Sur- sey Theatre, Lonton. This is Mr, Tully's ‘Garibaldi,’ | the principal characters in which opera are sustained by } Miss Rebecca ieaacs and Mr. Parkinson. | _ The Macmillan are re-pripting the “Charges of Heresy | against Mr. Maurice, considered in a Letter to the Mem | ders of the Young Men’s Christian Association,’ origt | pally published in 1864. | A pew “Life of Louis Ni has been brought out by M. | the- Mais. | Anew novel, by the Hon, C. Stuart Saville, entitled “Night and Day,’ is to be shortly published by Massra. Hurst & Blackett, London. ‘The French Academy has unanimously conferred the ‘triennial prize, founded by M. Hi on M, Emile de Bonnechose, for his “History of - George Cruikshank bas just completed an elaborate draw- \ ing, entitied “The Worship of Bacchus.’’ AB interesting collection of h songs (Chansons populaires des Provinces de France’) hus just specs’ in Paris, edited by M. M. Weckherlin aud De ptleury. As the Freach, gays the Athenaum, are by BO mcaos 60 rich in the collections of these natioual trea- sures ag the Germans and the jliah, Credit isdue tothe editors, Herr Weckherlin, an Alsatian, has arranged the welodies for the piauo. A German source is traceable in the songs of Lorraine and Alsatia, wher Hebol is still in the mouths of the people. The purely French nationai gongs are worthy of attentioa—fewer of them are known. fod ere of Brittany and Languedoc especially are very peculiar, A French biography of Nelson ia just out, by M. E. For- ect, | ey led derive sr materials from the 8 lespatches, lished some years by Sir Harris Nieholes ui A valuable contribution to the history of the Jews in Kurope has been given by Hermann Sternberg, beiag an essay op the Jows in Poland, from their first entrance into that country down to the year 1843. The remains of a Roman theatre and temple, dedicated to Aptilo, have recently been discovered at Pierrefonds, pear Compiegoe, These are said to de in the best styte of Roman art, aud the bas reliefs admirable. Anew theatre is to be erected at Vienna, to forma quadrangle, 114 yards long by 100 yards wide, The de- sigh is to be thrown open to’ public competition, and the | prizes will be 3.000, 2,000 and 1,060 thalers. ' Koreign vill be admitted to compete, aud the last day for receiving plans is fixed for January 10, 1861. “Les Anglais, Loudres et T’Angleterre,* by L. J. Lar- cher—with an introduction by Emile de Girardin—has just appeared, It is a. kind of cyotopadia of Bnglish magpers, customs and institutions, in which we read of cock fighting and toreurs, coffee shops and taverns, do tic Servants and sweetheartivg, of Magna Charta aud wilé selling, and much besides, “Enigmes des Rue & Paris,” by M.E. Fournier, is the title cf an amusing volume ‘of Parisian gossip recently Drought in Paris through Barthes & Co.” Fournier is a successful journalist, and judging from these pages has Jeft fow of the holes aud corners of the city uavisited, whence he brings story, tradition, aud slang, to aa extent that will astonish even the rowes Of the cabaret and the gaming of the gutter: ‘The Moniteur, {rom 1739 to 1799, containing Invaluable materials for the bistory of the Freuch Revolution, is being republished in Paris. “There are not 200. person: iu France,’ says the publisher, who possess a set of the original Montveur, while there are more than 20,000 who bave ardently, but vainly, dasired to possess oa,"’ Foreign Miscellany. Mary Eliza Rogers, writing to the London Times, During « residence of several years in Syria aud Pales- tine, I had the opportunity baw 4 some time in Druse villages in the Carmel avd in the Lebanon, and last year I often entertained Drie guesis at my bro- ‘ther’s house (Her Britannic Majesty's Vice Consulate at Caifla.) lean add my testimony to that of others as re- ards the high esteem which the Druses entertain for the ish, I have bad a hearty and hospitable welcome in wety, a Druse family. { fouud the meu more thoughtfat, intelligent, inquiring (and spirited thau their Ohristiag and Moslem neighbors gene! , and the women cheerful and bright in appearance. ir villages are clean and orderly in comparizon with other Orienta! villages. The Druses are clever and industrious agriculturists, and ap- preciate home and peace: but when roused they are quite inveterate, and terribly fi@rce in war, ‘The Japanese have discovered that a few seconds pre- ‘vious to an eartaquake the magnet temporarily loses its wer, and they have in; ly constructed a light ame papnoesins a horse. Magnet, beneath which is a oP bell metal. The armature ts attached to a ’ ,"’ by Lucian Herbert Sauerlander, Frankfortoa. Frenel the weight Every one in the tee bas contributed £6,407 Lis. 2d. to the lope’ The Oficial Gazelle of Turin publishes a law enscting that an exhibition of sgriculture, manufactures and ane arts of all Italy shall be held in Fiorence in September, 1861, for which a sum of 150,000f. is provided from the | public treasary. The St. Petersburg journals publish some criminal sta tistics, extracted from the returns of the Ministry of Jas | tice for the year 1863. The total number of persons tried throughout the Russian Empire amounted in that year to 404.717, oBwhom still in prison, and the rest | at liberty. Of the above number, 70,065 were condemned to punishments involving the joss of civil rights, 1,764 | were sentenced to hard labor, and 3,960 banished to dis- | tant governments. Among the couvicts condemned to the | loss of the prerogatives belonging to their class were 23 hereditary nobles, 3? eujoy ing oersonal nobility, 22 eccle- Siastics, 6 merchaute, and §,054 individuals belongiag to ) Various classes. | »Amap named William Youngman, a resi¢ent of Wal- | worth, Fogland, recentiy murdered his mother, two | brothers and a young female, named Streeter, to whom he was engaged to be married. The London Tigraph thinks that Garibaldi has now need of all that moral firmness of which he has 80 fro quently given striking evicence to save himself and Selly from the seldsh intrigues of Napoleon and Victor Emanuel. Telegraph, Like most English journals, is evidently of the “sepbew of my unclé.”” An organ has been constructed at Vienna for the Sultan which is the great wouder of the day. It cost 14,000%., apd is a complete orchestra of Afty musicians, equal to ey in power anl expression. There {3 a great rush | to ae it . | patch from St. Petersburg, dated Monday, says:— “A feet is dy at Cropstadt (> make speedy sail for 7 |e ibreo or four other Russian vessels now raising io the View iterranean. The Parliamentary papers receatly issued include “‘a retorn of the smount of public money advanced since 1852 to private persons for the purpose of enabling them to make experiments” for the improvement of weapous of war. The total amount advanced for that purpose was loa. Od Among the chief items are tue follow- 5,000 to Mr. J. Nasmyth to tes: the applicability ordnance; £10,000 to Mr. W. ©. rifled cannon; £7219 13. 1d. to ing: of malleabie iron to — Tancaster for oval bore ‘Sir W. Artnstrong for the invention of rifled cannon; £5,406 to Messra. Bishop avd Vaughan for iarge gon; £7,810 198, 10d. to Mr. W. Hale for war rockets; £1 750 to Mr. Martin for shells of @ partienlar description; | £11,807 17s. to Mr. Matlet for mortars of large construc: tion, £12,748 to Mr. J. Whitworth for machinery for rifling, boring and turning barrels, erection of rife shed or sho ting gallery, and ex, ment? with sma!! arms, for the purpose of ascertaining on what principles a rifle barrel ought to be constracted; and £4,247 to the same Persoo for similar ¢xperimenta with ordnance. The Salia, a tan journal, publishes the following letter from Malta, July 12, aunonneing the assassi pation of , the ex Commissary of Police, #0 no toriour for bis of the Iberais, and the severity with whieh be fulfilled bis fanctions:—The ex-Commis. sary , who arrived here yesterday, was asmass) nated during the night after bis ing. He went to the Washington Hotel, which be left after suppor to take almost dase: ‘The amonnt of subscriptions received for the Christians ria, Pa Jewish committee la Paris, already ex- 60,060 francs, | The ambassador from the Emperor of Morocco to Pa- ris, and his suite, have subscribed 10,000f. forthe beaedt | of the Christians in Syria, in | ee 5 of the fort at Milazt obtained from Ga. Tibaidi leave to carry out their arma, bat had to abandon their cannon and horses. A cor it of the 7 Hationa sfirms it to be falee that the inbabitante of Mi- Java Showed (homselves Dostile to Garibaldi, ant states, on the other band, that they had almost all evacaated the town before the combat. It was the lermo, who, uniting themselves to those of Milas took possession of the deserted houses and oa boiling oll and hurled down tiles and stones on Garibaldians. Other journals also deay the condust omputed to the irnabitante. The following return of the strength of the British army, milicia, volunteers, &c., has been isened during the present montl, as Milows —Regular Acmy—Roval Horse Artillery, 1 758, Household Cavalry, 1317: Cavalr | of the Line, 9 Suz; Rogal Artillery, 008 Royal baal neers, 2,080; Miiivaty Train, 1,715: Foot , 6,253, fantey of the Live (ae Corps, 636—65,773. Depote—of rerviments at 8,999; of regiments fo the colonies 9933. of regi ments in India (cavalry), LOUT: ditto (iofantey), 17 PS y's Indiad army, 1,639—9%,008.° Tot 080. Fmbodtied militia, 18.911; disembodied militia quota, tase) quota, 17,104), efectives, 15,002; enrolled pensioners quota, » eMfectives, 52899: yeomanry carsiry 16,120), effectizes, 15,000; Voluntess Rite and tiller Carpe (approximate aumber), 123,387 |, 338 —— total, otiaople, to joia Gar. valdi. They have plenty of ses chiedy stall off money. A schadale hes been issnet detailing th? fortidsatiors | | | \ oly Cig Atta ae OpVia: (FUNG He Galguad goyeCuumoud YrUpIEG W GoULuAgETE Fuld | works within the a Sepee emai next 5 Lord Palmerston asks for the year 1860-61 only £2,000,- , Mich includes a sam of £360,000 ‘or works alrealy sanctioned by Parliament. The entire estimate for the Natioual Defence Commissioners’ scheme 18 £9,000,000, 80 that fortifications involving an expenditure of some £4,000,000 will stil} remain to be executed. ‘The Austrian military authoritics at Mantua have d's covered a conspirucy for desertion on a grand scale. For & mouth past gecret cor forences, with a view to desertion, bave been beid in the >on Miguel Hungarian regiment. Two battalions had been completely over, and the ‘tion was to have taken place on July 18 but the de- sign was betrayed or at least discovered. The towa is in & state of consternation, Verous also is agitated. ‘Tt je said that this antuma bry ny ethonlage. yrped will Exnperor of Russia. The ish “8 state that during the stay of the satan ‘ship Botnectiont of Plymouth, en route to China, the crew charged the captain aud officere with most in- human treatment. ‘The Correiere Mercantil, of Genoa, states that, in coo ssequence of new instructions, the National Guard of Naples is to be composed of 24,000 men, or 2,000 for each quarter. ® ‘The Pope has addressed an energetic letter to the Bishops of Syria, His Holiness laments the massacres of the Maronites, which have been committed by the Drases, and ex preases his horror at the barbarities of the Turks. fis Holipess further speaks in high praise of the French ex- pedition, and exhorts the Princes to repress the excesses of the intidels, and to arrest the enemies of morality, jus- tice, religion and social order, ‘The Queen of England, a splendid screw steamship, pur- chared by the agents of Garibaldi in Liverpool, sailed from that port on Friday night, August 3, for Sicily. Qveen of England was weil stored with muskets, ammuni- tion, &e., and a quantity of hospital matériel shipped by the Ladies’ Garibaldi Society, London. A letter from Tunis bary) of the 15th ult., says that the ecum of the Neapolitan and Sicilian police, spies and assassins, has found refuge there, and that their number ir 80 great that the lodging houses im the place being in- sufficient to contain them all, many had been received in to the Roman Cstholic monastery, under the protection of the bead of that institution. The Phare de la Loire says that a convention has been rizned between France apd Kvgland for the emigration of 6,000 coolies to the {sle of Renuiou. The management of the recruiting will be entrusted to @ French house at Cal- cute. This arrangement bua been brought about by the exertious of M. Imhaus, ‘he Reunion delegate. Tt has already been stated thatthe Senate of Palermo | bod waited on the ?ro Dictator Depretis. The Precursor of that city informs us tl functionary expressed him- geifa partisan of Italian Unity under the sceptre of Vitor Emmanuel. He said that the capital of the new Kiagdom of Italy ought to be the city of Rome, to which Palermo, Noples, Florence, Milay, Venice and Tarim would form a splendid coronal. An interesting return of the population of Kaffraria (in- ciusive of the Transkeian territory) up tothe Sist Decem- ber, 1859, has been published by the Chief Comm'ssioner. It shows that the native population numbers 68,317 ; Ger- mans, 2,659; otber horopeans, 3,236—total, 64,212. This is exciuaive of her Majesty’s troops. The number of na. tive villages is 242, and of buts 11,208. The number of cattle possessed by the Europeans is 8,640, and of eheep 76,146 , while the natives have 2,440 horses and 25,148 caitle.’ The prinetpa! oceapiers holding land from’the crown are classed thus:—294 grantees, of 1 500 acre farms; 1,623 German military settlers, and 384 German emigrants. The old aristocratic ,but free constitution of the repub- lic of Hamburg is no more. An extensive scheme of re- furm, in the sense of representative tstitations of mo. dern Shape, which, under the name of Constitution of the Nine,” bas been ventilated since 1848, bas been first, with but littie variations, adopted by the Senate, and now by the body of freeholders, or, a8 they are called at Hamburg, bereditary burgesses. Interesting from China. % & CO.'S SHANGHAE CIRCULAR, SuayGaan, China, May 29, 1869. For the past fortaight there has been but little doing in tea in our market, as the seasou is about closed. There ig wothing defuite known as yet about the mew crop. Silk has been @ealt in only to a troderate extent, Uneatisfactory aceounts are received from Souchow re- garding the movements of the rebels, It is rumored that large body bad marched into the city, pillaging and mervering with impunity. The native merchants were Bending thelr good#, opium, &c , back to Shanghae for salety. ‘The result of this Les been a total cessation of business since the 24th inst , the Chinamen declining to operate at ‘esent. Pete United States steamship Hartford, from Hong Kong, arrived here ou the 25th inst., with the Hon. J E, Ward, United Stateg Minister, and Com. Stribling. The allied forces are leaving Chusan for the North. Business im imports comtinued good until the 24th tnet , when re) were received from Souchow of further attacks: the rebels, causing the Chinamen to cease buying ether. A grest many of the native mer. chante have returned to witn their goods, ‘and are storing them in foreiga godowns for safety. We hepe this excitemeat is to be of short duration, and sbouid the imperial troops aucceed tp maintaining pos- Sr ssicn of Souchow business will again be restored. We have uo very late or importaut news from Ja- rrnere from Hong Kong state that the balk of the British deet, both veseels-of-war and transports, with the troops on board, were still at taat place, baviug been do- teined by adverse weather. A favorable chanve had, however, taken place, and they were to leave immedi- of the rebels in the Nort was rapidly aspect. English and fren Nished al! around the walls ‘The United States frigate John Adams was at Foo Chow, ‘and the steamer Hartford and gunboat Saginaw were at Shanghae. ia and Australia. The mails already telegrapbed had reached Kogiand. There is little of importance in the news additional to that contained it. the telegraphic accounts. Melbourne alvices announced that the ministy af resigned, but subsequently withdrew their resiynations w In New Zealand there was a total suapeusion of liosti- ties. ‘The Bombay mail of July 7 has also arrived, with Cat cutta despatches to the 6th Juiy. Sir James Outram was about to retura to England on accomnt of ill health. Exchanges at Calcutta, 2° 5-104. a 2s, 944. Bombay were rataer higher, Freights at THE LATEST NEWS. Loxpos, Wednesday, Augus! 8, 1509. The London News’ city article says:— The funds opened with more firmness, iu cousequence or she majority obtained by the ministry jast night. Ia the afteragod the tendency was rather favorable, and Cousols closed at 4 advance of ‘y per cent. The imme diate @upply of stock appears to be rather limited, ow ing partly to the recent withdrawa's of stock by many dealers, to employ a portion of their reserves in svort loars, The other departments of the stock eachanys, thoogh inactive, were frm. British railway stocks were vetier. The demand for money to se | was more active than yesterday, and comparatively [little busiaess wae done below the bank minimum, At the bank the applications were toa fair extent. An undertaking of Maguitade |s announced, under the title of the Goll var! company, limited. This company is formed for th» de- velopment of the Gellivard in Sweton, of 1,200,- 000 acres, containing large quantities o” rich iren ore, iron works, &c. Mesers. James Rejouck & Co., tea morchants, : — mag ange mt failed. 11 is foared that the qa ion wi unsatisfactory. ‘the Bine Jackct sailed from Melbourne for England on June 17, and i# known to have 34,572 ounces of gold, ‘Worth £125,000. The Normas, Morrison, has arrived from China with 402,400 pounda of tea. Letters from the River Platte give a highly satisfactory account of the political and commerctal pr ress of Monte. Video and Boenos Ayres, which i# greater than at any Period during the last twenty years. * The London Times city article says:— ‘The funds to-day bave bocn steady at yeeterday’s prices, al Whe warket ta without actu i Government has accepted lay dowa a new telegraphic line from Corfu to THE FLEET AT NAPLES. The Paris Monitewr de la Plotte states as follows. —§ The number of shipa of war, of various natioua, sow at Naples.—Five’ English aad five French ships of the line, one Ruseiaa ship of the line, one Ano. rican corvette, an Austrian fri ‘And arino, and a Spanish corvette and avizo The Neapolitan navy, divided between Naples and Messina and the etraits, con Bikting of Fixteen frigates and corvettes, and eo Avizo®, besides sixtecu sailing vessels and Hfiy guaboats YRANCE. The Paris Correspondent of the London Times contra dicts the report of an interview between the Empetor Napolecn and the King of Sardiaia Pant, August 7, 1860, The Paris Monifour pub ishes a decree allowing the im- portation of wool through any custom station in France. The Moniteur also announces the arrival and enthusiastic reception of the Exnperor at the camp of Chalons. SWITZERLAND, Genoa, August 7, 1860. The fe teral conan! bas received a note from the Swedish goverpment dared 18th futy, reiterating the iatention of Sweden to support the claims of Switzerland at the cou- ference on the affairs of Savoy. sy anual federal fete las taken place at Geneva, Of. ficers from alt parts of Switzerland to the number of 12,000 assembled on the ovcasioa. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET. Livarroon, August 8, 1960. The market f@ very rm. Common American is ad- wage'ng. Sales probal'y 06,000 or more bales. Imports preyrovele 17,7), ‘The Present Commercta! Condition of the H Country. There ia nothing which Americaas 40 #000 forget as the lessons of adversity. The rise, Pregress and termination of a speculative mania seem destined to repetition withia com- paratively brief periods of time. The history of the credit system, or of paper money expaa- sions, by which it is stimulated, is the history of panics and revulsions. This is called. @ young country; yet we have had several auo- cessive and disastrous revulsions, The drst followed the close of the tate war, and ex- tended through 1814, 1815 and 1816. Another occurred in 625, and, again, others in 1837, in 1847 and 1857—the latter having been the last. So frequent and regular has their recurreace happened, that those who watch the progress of eventa and estimate the forces which impel them forward can, like astronomers regarding comets, foretell the periods of their retura, when they are farthest removed in their orbits, and when they will again pass their perihelium. Each generation adds to the list of sanguine speculators, who fiy to the credit system with the hope of realiz- | ing sudden fortunes. The consequence is, that each succeeding shock becomes greater, be- cause of the greater population and number of banks supplying paper credits, and adding to the list of adventurers and speculators. There is always some developement, some casualty, preceding convulsions, which, though charged as the cause, is only the first breach— the first topple in the crazy wall of the credit system—the first explosion, which is soon fol- lowed by the demolition of the whole fabric. Thus, in 1837, the cause assigned was the fall of the Josephs. Again in 1857 it was Schuyler’s frauds and the failure of the Ghio Life and Trust Company. How do we ataad in 1860, or at the present time, three years after | the panio of 1857? Let us compare prices thea and now, both in stocks and produce, together with the condition of the banks then and now, and consider the prospects and condition of | things then and now. The panic of 1857, which prostrated the West, was succeeded by the failure of two auc- cessive crops, while its people were burthened with enormous debts. Its trade in New York was nearly defunct for two years. This year the West has made large crops, and everybody says that it is going to give a large trade to the East. We must bear in mind, however, that a large portion of its receipts from this new crop will be required to pay off farm mortgages and to liquidate past indebtedness generally. After this is done, its surplus for the purchase of goods will not be large. The statistics of bankruptcy in 1857 show, how much the West and other sections failed for. The total number of failures in the United States from the 30th December, 1856, to 30th December, 1857, was 4,987. The total amount of liabilities was $291,750,000. The ordinary failures embraced %,703, with liabilities amounting to $192,305,500. The swindling firms smounted to 317, with liabilities of $4,985,000, Of those not classed as dishonest, but who paid little or nothing, were 1,801 firms. The total amount of failures in the different sections of the Union was as follows:— Southern States Maryland . Kentucky. os Virginia. | Connecticut .. New Hampehire.. Vermont .... 4 Maine... c.cceee 1,060,000 Total... $61,802,000 Pennsylvania... New Jersey... Classing the States of the Union as slave and free, the account stood thus:— Failures in slave States, Missouri included. ,.. $25,842 000 Failures in free States. exclusive of Missourt..214.910,000 In addition to the mercantile bankruptcies, there were immense losses, sustained chiefly at the North, in railroad sp: culations and swindles, At the beginning of 1857, it was estimated that the railroad liabilities and investments had reach- ed about $1,000,000,000, about $500,000,000 of which were swept away by the panic of 1857, Taking the two years since the panic—1858 and 1859— what has each section produced or supplied and made available for the payment of its debts? The Sonth in 1858 grew 3,800,000 bales of cotton, valued at $190,000,000. In 1859 she grew a crop of 4,600,000 bales, valued 36,510 Tiezio00 at $250,000,000—total value in the two years, $520,000,000. This is exclusive of tobacco, rice, naval stores, and a _considera- bie amount of breadstuffs. What has each section exported during the two years referred to? The exports of each may be stated as follows ‘ Total ex; from the United States, we included, for the year ending June 30, 1859, {the Product 0 1868) sone oe ass ne $356, 739,402 juct foreign merchandise te-exported 20,895,077 Fsports of Southern Prod: -s $161 434,923 21.074 035 ++ 1,200,000 ++ F188 905 546-$188 505 546 Leaving a total for free Stats .... If we subtract the gold aud silver coia and bullion, which amounted to $57,502,305, from the cts of the free States, exclusve of Cali- fornia, there wonld remain only $89,086,534 as the produce of the free States east of the Rocky Mountains, while those of the Southern States amounted to over double that sum. It { must aleo be recollected that a large ot j the coin and bullion exported was shipped in transit on foreign account The mnowune are the official tables of exports for the year ending the $0th of June, 1860. The product of 1859 has not yet been published, and | Wwe can only reach it approximately by the facts as far as ascertained :— ° = $359 000 000 20,000,000 Total exporta (estimated), specie tactuded. Less foreign merchandise, estimated. .... The specie subtracted would show a large disparity between the slave and free States east of the Mountains, We bave thus seen what the South and exported in two years to hee $20,000,000 of indebtedness. What did the West Go in those two years to out ber $51,000,000" And what td ones tee lo to ff their $1 a Eng! abd States to settle theie $51,852,0008 1 Walle We South in the two years produged