The New York Herald Newspaper, July 21, 1860, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. SAMESUUKDOD BENAETT, DITOR AND PROVRUEROR AND FULTON BTS, OFFICE 8. W. COKN TARMS, cash m cdeance Money sent by mati wilh O0 ut he shabu the under” Postage ramps wot ectived as aubecription THE LALLY HERALD two conte per copy. $1 por armnun THE WEEKLY , it wha cents HERALD, every Satur ims, the European Bditiom coory We Bi per annum 0 any part of Great Betusin the, Comttmont. both ts include postage; the sm the 8th and 200h of each month at wbe conte (oF $2 per unnum. PoLUNTAKY (ORKESPONDENCH, Comscnnengy teneynr ford sees iinet fromm any quarter of the worth, Wf Mande will be Mherall m OUk FOREIGN COMRESPONDEFT ARB Ht Rnaveaan to Stal Git Tanrvaae 4s? POR” OTITE taken of anonymous correapondance, We do not ected communications c STeTy ery cadorthaemante te sorted in the Wanaty Henan, Fauiny Hanan, ‘and im the fornia and Ruropean Kdstione Oren PRINTING rxecutad with neatness, cheapness and de- ch Sees sh eeeeeeee esos ene + No, 201 Tn AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. NIBLO'B GARIVEN, Broadway.—Somoot rox Scaxval— Haroun arp Purvesorny. ae WalLaCK'S THRATRK, Breadway.—Toov.as—denir Easreas. Lav CRENE'S THEATRE, No, 64 Hrosdway.—Pav par traes NEW MOWRRE THEATRR. Rowery—Rionanp Lorreny Tioset—Yours Taat Neves Saw 4 Woman, mL JMR AMERICAN MUSEUM, Brosdway.—ay and ims, Ao. RIBLO'S BALOON, Brondway.—Gmo. Cuaisrr's Mix i us Rowas, Danna, Rowissqves, 40.—Doonus Bappar NATIONAL UUNCERT SALOON, National Theatre.— Sonas, Darces, Boxixsarns. 40. PALAUE GARDEN, Fourteenth mreet.—Vooat ap Lr PERURENTAL CONCERT CANTRRBURY CONCERT SALOON, foros Dances Howresurys ke 063 Hoondway.— [New Vork, Saturdi ay, duty 81, 1460, MAILS FOR THE PACIFICO, Mew York Ucraid—Californin Edition. ‘The mail stearate North stu, Capt. Jones, wili leave thie port to-day, at uoon, for Aspinwall, ‘The caatis (or California ano other parte of the Pacitic rill clome at bwIf past lao ¢ k thix morning. The New Yous WeRkty AxkaLy—alitornia edition— SootiNrR Ube ito wtoiligence from all parte of the world, with w arge quantity of local and miscellancous Matter, will he publiahed at half-paat nine o'clock in the morning Single copies, iv wrappers, condy for mailing, #x cents, Axonte will ploae seud tp their orders as oarly as pos sible. PARR SH Sse ‘The News. By the arrival of the Africa at this port yesterday we have details of European news to the 7th, and telegraphic advices via Queenstown to the Sth inst. Three days later intelligence, however, received by the Connaught, at St. Johis, was published in yester- day's morning's paper. The letters of our corres- pondents, and the extracts from our files given elsewhere, are interesting. The discussion of our @ifficulty with Great Britain respecting the San Juan question, and the obsequies of Prince Jerome Bonaparte at Paris, were the principal subjects be- fore the public in England and France. We publish in another column news from Vene- guela to the 2lst ult. The rebels still continned to commit acts of diabolical atrocity in various parts of the country, more particularly in the village of Aragua. There were reports at Barcelona that Julius Monagus had died of wounds. Our correspondent at Nassau, N. P., writing on the 8th inst., says:—The frnit crop here and on all the islands is a short one; but the quantity of salt tn hand, and the future prospects, more than compensate for the loss. The quantity of green turtle sent to England and France is greater this year than at any former period within recollection or on record. Yesterday was one of the hottest days of the season, so far. The heat was intense, and there ‘was not the slightest puff of air stirring. From ten o'clock A. M. to four P. M. an oppressively warm temperature prevailed—a dead, heavy heat, which rendered exertion excessively uncomfortable and caused profuse perspiration. Atten o'clock A. M. yesterday the mercury in the thermometer stood at 90 degrees; at noon it was at 92 degrees, with an upward tendency; at two o'clock, at 92 degrees; at three o'clock, 93 degrees; at half past three, % degrees; at four rather less, with a downward ten- dency; at five o'clock, 95 degrees. + The Chiongo Zouaves, after a sojourn of nearly one week in this city, took their departare yesterday afternoon for Boston in the steamer C. Vanderbilt, of the Norwich and Worcester line. They were escorted from their quarters to the point of em- barkation by an honorary battalion of our citizen soldiery. As the Zouaves procee ted down Broad- way they were enthusiastically cheered. The Savannah Blues, Capt. Anderson, arrived in this city yesterday. They were reoeived by the City Guard, whose guests they will be dariug their sojourn in the metropolis. The steamer Pennsylvania, of the Philadelphia and Richmond line, was totally destroyed by fire in James river, near Jamestown, on Thursday night. The flames cut off access to the boats, and spread with such rapidity that the passengers and crew had barely time to escape from the burning wreck upon hastily constructed rafts. They were all, excepting three of the children of Mr. Deitz, of Philadelphia, picked ap next morning by the steamer Curtis Peck, aud landed at Norfolk. The Committee of the Convention of Railroad Managers which has been in session iy this city for several days past, made a report yesterdey, and # synopsis of it is given in to-day’s proper. The committee propose a number of important reforms in the management of railroads, as regards ex- presses, ticket offices, &c., and recommend that the rates Of freight sbould be gradually increased on and after the 5th of August aext. The Con- vention adjoarned to meet at Saratoga on the 27th inst. The Committee of the Fraternity of all Nations held « meeting at the Steuben House, in the Bow- ery, at eight o'clock last evening, for the parpose of raising eabscriptions in furtherance of the Gari- Daldiso Italian Fund. Mr. G. Straase was chair- man, and Mr. Minnelli acted as Secretary. A nam- ber of formal resolutions were passed, and commit- tees were appointed to co-operate in the laudablo movement of raising money for the general fund. ‘The different nationalities will be duly represented on the Committee of Finance. The trial of Jacksloo, who is now confined by the United States authorities in the Basex county CN. J.) jai for sapposed participancy in the sloop Spray tragedy, will take place at the next term of the United States Court, which will be held in Tren- ton in September next. Of late he has become very reserved in his communications. He denies absolutely any knowledge of the transactions for which he is held. He is now said to be of Japa- nese origin. The session of the Board of Couneflwon tast evening was principally occupied im the transac- tion of routine business. A resolution was adopt ed giving the New York Preachers’ Association permission to erect a tent in Jackson sqnare during the summer season, for the purpose of holding re. ligious meetings. A petition was submitted by Wm. Frost, claiming that he is the inventor of a machine which will groove the Rass pavement in Broadway more effectaally than any other mode, He proposes to groove the pavement at one dollar Der equare yard, which would make the pavement Gs wore valuable than it would be & token wp ang NEW YORK HERALD SATURDAY, broken. The paper was referred to the Committee ou Streets, The report of the Committee on Fi- bance, in favor of concurring with the Aldermen to make av additional appropriation of $36,300 for the expenses of the current year, was adopted, The item of $3,000 ti pay the legal expenses of the celebrated Mataell Investigating Committee of 185, caued some debate, but the motion to strike it out was lost. In reply to a resolution of inquiry, the Comptroller states that the amount expended for cleaning the sirevta for the first 6x months of 1859 was $109,- 658 56, and for the same period of 1860 $179,764 91. The balance available on the 30th of June, 1860, was $125,578 64. A large number of reports of committees were presented and laid over. The Comptroller sent in his weekly statement for the week ending July 19. The amonnt received up to July 19 was $340,670 84; the payments were $451,164 35. The balance on hand onthe 12th of July was $441,249 25, aud the balance on the Lyth instant was $330,755 74. Comptroller Haws, in reply to a resolution of inquiry as to what autho rity a ferry slip wa+ made on the Battery extension, says that, by the covenants of their tenure, the city have no power to permit the Battery to be used for such a purpose, that ao amount had ever been received for wharfage, and that at an early day he would inetitute rigorous efforts to prosecute all parties who have eu@roached upon the Buttery. After the adoption of a few general orders the Board sdjourued till Toesdey. The Police Commissioners, at their meeting yes- terday afternoon, dismissed from the force patrol- man J.C. Ward, of the Twenty-third precinct, and Peter Kehoe, of the Sixteenth precinct, for mis- conduct. A resolution waa passed directing the General Superintendent to report if due vigilance was used by the Kighteenth ward police to arrest the murderer of Mathews and Walton, The Presemt Aspect of the Campaign— Tne Fog Ria The Presidential campaign of 1860 will be remembered as one of the most remarkable in the history of the republic. The conservative sense of the country stands arrayed against a sectional minority, which latter alone presents an apparently solid front. We say apparently solid, because the antislavery party is really not without serious dissension* in its ranks, and is only able to mabe « fair outside show of unity through the hope that the divisions of the democracy may throw the spoils of the federa government into the bands of the black repub licans—a party which bas been built up strictiy upon the dogma that the Almighty Nigger is of paramount importance in the affairs of the country at large. This position of the repub lican party is patent. and it cannot be hidden or controverted. Mr. Lincoin and his sup- porters represent the theories which Jotn Brown attempted to carry into effect in the Harper's Ferry affair—the practical exemplifi- cation of Mr. Seward’s “irrepressible coa- flict” and Mr. Summer's “sucred ani mosity.” That the party creed favors interference with slavery anywhere it exists cannot be safely denied. The struggle bas been going on these thirty years and more. Indeed, we may go back to the Congress which adopted the constitution, and find there that the subject was the theme of elaborate dis cussions in that body, and the diversity of opinion npon it came very near to preventing the enactment of the organic law of the ¢coun- try as it now stands. Thirty years ago the old anti-slavery party set up in business on the philanthropic plan, and its tenets have since become so far embodied with the politics of the country that the question must be met equare- ly. It is too late for any attempt at compro- mising or dodging the issue. The South has been thoroughly aroused upon this subject. and can no longer be juggled or trifled with. In the North, every man with a modicum of common sense cannot fail to see the absolute necessity that exists for the defeat of the representative of old John Brown's theories. Yet we find that. through the jealousy and persons! enmity of the small poli- ticians, the opposition to the treasonable doc- trines of the republican party is divided into three or four cliquys, which, if not hereafter united, must Mevitably be de- feated. Thus we have twe separate and dis- tinct factions of the democracy, each running acandidate; the rump of the old whig and Know Nothing parties, with their candidate, and the so-called independent democrats, who insist upon throwing away their votes on Sam Houston, If something is not done to combine the conservative vote of the Central States upon a candidate who will be acceptable to the South, the election of Lincola seems to us a fact already accomplished. If, on the other hand. the conservative vote of the Central States can be combined upon one candidate, then Lin- coln can be defeated. and the coup de grace be given to the negro question for four years more. If the election is allowed to go by de- fault, the contest will be protracted, and a ter- rible denouement accelerated. So stands the present aspect of the campaign. We believe, too, that the people are sharper than Gh» politicians; that the former understand the tree position of things, and are willing to act npor (Se question without regard to the leaders « txction. The rapid spread of the Breckinridge movement in this State, and the present attitude of Pennsylvania, show very plainly that a Union, conservative, conciliatory spirit prevails in the great Central States, and that with proper efforts a great deal of strength onteide of the democratic party may be gained for the Breckinridge ticket. [f the Union, peace loving voters will drop Douglas, Bell and Houston, neither of whom can by any possibility be elected, and turn their votes in to Breckinridge and Lane, they will sweep the country and demolish the black republi- cans as Samson did the Philistines, Mr. Breck- inridge is the only candidate, except Mr. Lin coln, who is sure of an electoral vote, and the latter, if beaten at all, can only be overthrown by the former. It is sll very well to write and speak against Lincoln and bis supporters, but it all avails nothing, unless there ts a united op- | position to him, The sectional republican par. | ty must be met and overthrown at the polls, and all other considerations should give way to the grand object in view. Mr. Breckinridge gains strength in the North every day. It is possible that he may conquer Lincoln. It is not possible, so far as we can see, for any otber candidate to do so. Therefore wo advise the conservative magevs of the North to auite and outvote Lincoln at the polls port the only nominations which have touched the poplar heart ‘hose of Breckiaridge and Lane. Jous Fiexas my tie Thinwess.— It is given out in the sewspapers that Hon. John fick- man, tired of the scanty pasturage of squatter overeignty, has moanted the harness of the popuklignn pwity, and will fyethwith fake the —_— Held as’ knight errant in their service against all comers. Itis said that he will make the tour of the Western States during the cam- paign, and that, “at the august request of Fran- cis P. Plair, he has consented to viait Missouri,” to help the republicans along in their fight in that quarter with the “border ruffians.”” This is rather @ bold venture on the part of Hickrann, who is only a fighter with bis tongue. Let him take care, or he may find that for such violeat partisan abuse as that which he heaped upon the head of the sdmivistration and upon the “slave power” in Congress at this last session there are knock down arguments in Missouri of the most forcible description. The Atlantic Telegrapn—Why We Shall Have One, The accounts from Europe show that in France and England the question of lasing down an electric cable between that continent and America is being agitated io a practical and characteristic way. In England private enterprise and the govern- ment go band in hand in an attempt to open and survey a new route from the north of Scotland through the Faroe Islands, Iceland and Green- land to Labrador. Tbe government has sent out the steamer Bulldog to survey the route, and at the last advices the Fox, so well known through the search for Franklio’s remains, under Capt. McClintock, was about to leave England on the same mission. On board the latter ves- eel Mr. Sbaffner was to embark, accompanied by Dr. Rae and a select corps of geographers and engineers. The French government has taken the matter up in its peculiar way. In- stead of waiting for public opinion and private enterprise to stimulate and seek the co-ope- ration of the government, the Emperor has taken the initiative, and has given the impulse by tendering a government guarantee of seven per cent interest for fifty years, on a capital of three millions of dollars, tor laying an electric telegraph, We do not yet know what limitations or con- ditions accompany this offer; but be they what they may, the factitself cannot but give a new impulse to the enterprise. The experience ac- quired in the laying down and working of the shorter lines of ocean telegraph, all slong the Atlantic shore of Europe, through the Mediter- ranean and Red seas, and in the Indian Ocean, is gradually wearing away the distrust of capi- talists in euch enterprises, and increasing the confidence of science and mechanical skill in their practical success, At the same time, the growth of commerce, and its increasing use of the electric telegraph wherever it is available, render more palpable to merchants the bene- fits to be derived from a transecean line, and diminish the fear of the sacrifices that must be made to obtain them. The opinion is now be- ginning to prevail that if even ten millions were to be expended in various attempts to lay cables, and one succeeded, the gain to trade would be far more than commensurate with the cupital eunk, But the most important element of the new impulse that is being given to the Atlantic tele graph enterprise is the power which that in- *trument is developing as a political power. The interchange of ideas and diplomatié ad- vices between the several courts of Europe is now carried on in a very large degree by elec tric telegraph. Ita value in this respect was first demonstrated in the Crimean war, and dur- ing the recent campaign in Italy ite immense power was much more clearly seen, Even on the field of battle Lonis Napoleon received constant and hourly advices of -the effect pro- duced on the teveral courts by bis victories, while the courts learned, with equal rapidity and certainty, the acts and measures of the French Emperor. Thus Europe has been con- verted into one vast field of view, under the full command of every spectator and actor; and this is the work of the electric telegraph. Through it Louis Napoleon knew of the Ger- man combination against him, and with it be rung in the ears of etartled Europe the news of the peace of Villafranca. Such an instrament as this must be extended to America, for the conrse of the United States, in peace or war, is too important to be left to the slow wings of the wind or steam, when the lightning can be impressed for its conveyance. Soctan Revowwtion ws Cayava—Tue Price or Waves’ Viser.—Canada is at this moment in a bigh tever of excitemeat—the only real ex- citement she has induiged in since the era of what ber people are pleased to term the patriot war, The young Prince of Wales is ov his way to visit the American possessions of bis royal mother, and Canadian loyalty and en- thusia«m are boiling over, It is mot often that among these quiet, respectable, humdrum, old fogyish people any event occurs to draw out their latent enthusiasm, or to lead them into such popular follies as our more excitable peu- ple are so often guilty of But the visit of the beir to the British throne is to them an eveat of the century, und consequently they are bound to celebrate it with all possible eclat. Strange enough, however, they took their cue from this side of the St. Lawrence. They bad so long been inert and sluggish that they did not at fret realize the importance of this princely visit. and some of their municipalities had even declined making any appropriation to defray the expenses of the reception of their quest. It was not till the Hxxaco and other bewspapers of this region enlightened them on the subject, and awakened their apathetic feel- ings, that they began to bestir themselyes and make some preparations for the great event. The social revolution has since been going on to a wonderful extent, and now the excitement pervades the whole North American provinces, and has been raised to a pitch that would not do discredit to their republican neighbors. We are glad of that. We see in it aa evi- dence of the national affinities of the two peo- ples. It illustrates how true it is that— One touch of nature makes the whove world kin, It removes one of the dissimilarities that heretofore existed between the dwellers on either side of the St. Lawrence. Large depu tations of our citizuns will be on hand to help on and direct the excitement. It has been re- marked that much less than the usual namber of American tourists bave visited Canada this summer, The rem#on is that they have been holding themeelves back till the arrival of the Prince of Wates. They want to see Canada in a lively state of mind, and they want to see the Prince, Many parties of American tourists will undoubtedly make the excursion throngh the provinces act into the United States with him. Not that they cate any more for aking that is to be than for « President that has been, but that they love t, and will be excitement wherey ritisto be | der. We re bud for Jove or money. Now that onr Canadian friends have got their frigidity thawed out, we bope they will give their awakened liberality free scope, do the thing up in elegant style, and have no reason to upprehend that, when the young Prince crosses the line and resolves him- relf into Baron Renfrew, bis reception by Yan- kee republicans will put to blush their efforts in the sume line. The Galway Line of stenmors Broken Up. Every one here rejoiced in the success of the Galway line of steamers, and particularly at the fact of its receiving the contract from the Britixb government for carrying the mails. It was regarded ws one of many signs of re- ‘urping prosperity and good government to an impoverished and oppressed country. But a strong feeling arose in two distinct quarters, to say nothing of that general jealousy that hes always characterized the Englisb people in re- lation to any measures for the improvement of ireland. The Cunard Company and the Cana- disn Company complained of the advantage which the subsidy gave the Galway line over them, and now, at length, the result is that the transfer of the mail contract with the Galway line to the Ganadian Company bas been con- cluded, and the steamship North Briton was to lenve Liverpool on the 13th inst. with the mails, and proceed to Quebec, via St. Johns. The Galway steamers are to alternate once a fort- night witb the Canadian to that port, and they are removed from New York. This, of course, disposes of the line as be tween New York and Ireland, and is only a part of that palicy which for ages has been practised by the domi- nant country over the conquered. The Gulway Company were coerced by the British government to share with the Canadian Com- pany their contract, which they bad found it so difficult to obtain. It is admitted on all hands that this line was eminently successful; but just when it reached ite culminating point of pros- perity it ie wilfully and deliberately destroyed. It i» sent to Canada, where the [rish do not want to go, and where there is very little done in the way of freight ‘and it is taken away from New York, where Irish emigrants all desire to make their way, and where there is plenty of freight for the steamers. In fact, an extensive and healthy trade was apringing up between Lreland and the United States, embracing Lrish lineo irom the other side and provisions from Ameri- ca. But this was the very reason why the old British Lion first growled, and then put his paw on the mail contract. John Bull bus ao desire that there should be any direct trade between the United States and his province of Lretand, and be cannot brook the idea that commercial ties aud friendly re lations should be established between the two countries. The Galway steamers, however, have been doing a thriving business in passengers from Ireland to the United States, taking eo- slaved, able-bodied stalworth men away from their bopeless poverty, and giving them “hap- py homes and altars free,” and bopes of a great tuture for their children in this republic. Now John Bull prefers that this population should be kept io misery in [reland, so that when be wants recruits for his filibustering army with which he bullies the uations, be may be able to get them among the needy hordes of Connaught men, who will be glad to make any escape from starvation and rags. If Ireland be indeed really united with Eng- land in any other way than us the prey is uni- ted with the shark, why does the government muke invidious distinctions between the two countries? Everybody knows that the western parts of Ireland are the proper and natural points for the mail stations. They are the near- est to this country by a whole day, and there is areater safety and less risk of insurance. Upon what principle, then, is it that the British government does not cause the mails to be con- veyed to those points? [t is only beanuse it would tend to develop the reseurces of I[re- land and give it importance. If British states- men really desire to see a union of Great Britain and Ireland, why do they wound the Irish people in their feelings and their interests by such manifest injustice? For many years the Knight of Kerry sought to have the beautiful, commodious and safe harbor of Valentia made a British station for ship:-of-war—a place of refuge from the Atlan- tic. But his interest with the Duke of Welling- ton and other English statesmen was wholly in- sufficient to accomplish a p_. ose which was evidently for the good of u” whole United Kingdom, lest a precedent should be estab- lished which would result atlast in making it ® mail packet station, and thus divert American commerce to the western ports of Ireland, where nature directs it should go. The same intolerance of the prosperity of Ireland is ope- rating now in the case of the Galway line—the same that broke up the Irish Parliament, under whose fostering care manufactures so thrived; and that by a direct act of Parliament, in the reign of William Third, the woollen manufac- tures of the country were avowedly and de- liberately destroyed, being at that time far in advance of the British manufactures, But we are glad to learn that steam comma- nication between this country and Ireland ts ouly suspended, and that Mr. Lever and other gentlemen will start another line between New York and Galway, over the British gov- ernment will have no control. The day is gone by when the old policy of Pitt and Castlereagh and Metternich can eucceed in Europe, and the sooner the British government fall in with the new order of things the better for itself. It can no longer afford to treat Ireland as George IIL. treated the American colonies, as Austria has continued to treat Hungary, snd as Naples treated Sicily till she lost the island the other day. By some chapter of accidents a “King MacMahon” might drop into Ireland some fine morning, and it is not wise on the part of the British government to try to make the Irish more disloyal than they are. Revivat or Canat Brstvess,—The return of tolls collected on the Erie canal siace the open- ing of navigation indicates an immense increase of business. The tolls for the second week of July amounted to $80,258, being an increase of $82,004, or about sixty per cent over the re- ceipts for the corresponding week of 1859. The total amount of tolls collected up to the 15th of July was $947,825, being an increase of $68,- &33——ebout the same percentage—over the cor- responding period of last year. We recollect that there was a great outcry last winter against the canals, as being an annual drain on the State Treaenry, and political doctors prescribed asa remedy the sale of the canals to the bighest bid- ted such a proposition, expressing our confidence that, with the return of \prosper- ous times, the canals would be found to do 4 good paying business. Our confidence is sow justified by the experience of the present season, and we expect that we sball hear no more about the sale of the Erie canal. _ ‘Tue Commons op ENGLAND SNUBBED BY THE Lorps.—Ae ® sop to the popular Cerberus, the House of Commons paned « bill abolishing the duty on paper, amounting to £1,400,000 (seven millions of dollars). By our last mails from England we learn that the House of Lords re- jected the bill, and that Palmerston has pock- eted another insult to bis ministry and another aggression upon the representatives of the peo- ple. The London Times, for some secret purpose of its own, probably because it feared the ri- valry of cheap papers, opposed the removal of this odious tax, which is worse than the stamp act for which our Revolutionary fathers in the colonies drew the sword. The Times, however, put iton the ground that in view of the war with China, and the unsettled condition of the centinent of Europe, the government could not afford to give up the tax. The House of Lords, the grand obstacle which has always stood in {he way of popular reform in England, agrees with the Times, and thus practically annuls the maxim that the people can be taxed only by themselves, or by their representatives freely chosen. They do not choose the House of Lords directly or indirectly, and yet that House eaddies them with a tax of seven millions of dollars, after their repre- sentatives in the House of Commons had removed it. Is this constitntional? If it be, then the constitution is what Lord Chief Justice Denison in the House of Lords once pronounced, in a solemn judgment trial by jury on Lreland, to be “# mockery, a delusion and a snare,” Let us hear no longer of the glorious British constitution after this. We bad always a sus- picion that it was a myth, nowhere to be found, nowhere that you could lay your band upon it. Late proceedings in the British Parliameat more than confirm that suspicion. In the late contest with the House of Lords upon the constitutional question of interfering with money bills, the House of Commons aud Palmerston, after a great deal of binster, caved in, a milk and water protest being put on the record that the Commons are supreme, ever have been supreme, and always ought to be supreme, in all matters relating to money, taxa- tion and expenditure. Yet, in the face of this, Palmerston permits the Lords to shiver the supremacy of the Commons into atoms, by their reimposing the tax on paper which the Commons bad taken off. Is not the uowrit- ten thing called a British constitution a chang ing chameleon? If the Commons are supreme in matters of taxation. then why are bills of that description sent to the Lords, who ought not to be permitted to have anything to do with them? As long es the bills are sent to them, of course they conclude naturally that they havea discretionary power to act upon them. But the sympsthy of Palmerston is more with his own order than with the people or their representatives. The only members of bis government who bad the pluck to assert that the Commons’ show of independence was a sbam were Lord John Russell, Mr. Gladstone and Mr. Milner Gibson. And Lord John Rus- sell is brother toa duke and heir to a duke- dom. The age of chivalry is gone. All the talk about British love of freedom is humbug. A bereditary house of old fogies domineers over the nation, a paper owned by the Rothschilds insults and dictates to them, and few are found with sufficient courage to assert their boasted birthright. Mr. Disraeli and all the tories are content, as well as the easygoing whigs in of- fice. If the House of Lords be such a nuisance, why not get rid of it? Unfortunately, in Eng- land there is no Supreme Court of ultimate re- sort to expound the law and the constitution. The House of Lords are themselves the highest Yegal court in the land, and their decision is final. There is only one way of upsetting them, and that is by revolution. The Norman blood still rules the Saxons in England, just as much as when the Conqueror from Normandy reduced them to subjection eight hundred years ago. as Heseve Day ww Harvarp.—There have come to be 80 many parties and sections of parties of late, such variety of opinions, « me preseffting such a wide difference and some only resem- bling split bairs, and there are so many tickets in the field, that ft bas been bard to place our leading politicians, But at last we have got a large batch of them on the same “ platform.” At the Harvard Convention—we mean the Harvard commencement—on the great humbug day, Banks, Wil-on, Douglas, Everett and Sum- ner were all on the same platform together. A very curious coincidence it may be just now; but we have no doubt that sad Stephens and Toombs of Georgia, or Bell of Tennessee, or Yancey of Alabama, been in Cambridge at the time, they would have been found sitting on that stage too, for every one is hooked in to witness the great event of & commencement at Harvard. Collegians are there without oumber; presi- dente, ex-presidenta and newly elected presi- dents, fully impressed with the solemnity aod vital importance of the occasion; and when the ceremony is over and the old fashioned tea time comes, every one of them is fully convinced that the country fs all right, and the affairs of the world generally are to go on swimmingly, now that Harvard bas enjoyed its commencement. There ie a good deal of humbug about old fogy Harvard. Tue Hor Weatuer anp tue Popiic Heatra.— For two or three days past the weather in this city has been unusually hot, the temperature preserving almost a uniform degree of beat fora greater length of time than we often ex- perience in this latitude; bat, notwithstanding this fact, the health of the metropolis is re. markably good, and the abseuce of epidemic disease in any form is an evidence that the sa- nitary affairs of the city sre properly attended to. The condition of the public health is main- ly due to City Inspector Delavan, who bas enc. ceeded in keeping the streets cleaner than they ever were before. But there are some districts, sneh aa the Five Points, Centre street, Water street, and others, that requite constant vigi- lance to keep them sweet and clean, and unless these localities are continually «wept the aceu- mulation of garbage will be very likely go dreed some feartn! disease, should the weather continue as bot as it is now dnring the remain der of the dog days, We hope, then, that Mr Delavan wil! pay particular i unsavory and dangerous localities, ion to these | Our = Goxers Derarrova any AR- RIVING.— Chicago Zouaves, after astonishing and delighting the citizens by their sploadid manceuvres during their brief sojourn ty the metropolis, took their departure yesterday for Boston, where they will doubtless create e military furore among the learned Athenian philovopers of that village. Almost at the same time tha) the model soldiers of the West were leaving ue a crack corps trom the South— the Savannab Blves—srrived here. Our military men bave learned from the Zouaves, and we are glad to learn that 4 wholesome spirit of rivalay has led to the proposed formation of a Zouave company la New York, who perhaps, when they malge their firet visit to Chicago, one of these days, may astonish our Western friends by their pro- ficiency in tactics, including the regular Zowave yell, “tiger” and all. The reception of the Chicago company is the metropolis, and the gallant manner is which they were escorted to the boat yesterday by five companies of our militia—-each repre- senting ® different regiment—show what a strong fraternal feeling exists smoog the citizen toldiers from every section of the Union, The animosities and heartburnings of politice do not affect them, and when they come together from be North and the South, the East and the West, harmony, goodfellowehip und generous rivalry prevail, despite the sectional squabbles and party differences of politicians. The drill of the Zouaves at the Academy of Music, oa ‘Thursday night, elicited an extraordinary man- ifestation of military spirit, and proves how strong @ hold it has upon the community, busy as it is with trade and commerce. We expect to eee before long two or three Zouave compa- nies among our soldiers, who will not do im- justice to the high military reputation of New York. ‘ NEWS FROM THE NATIONAL CAPITAL. Oar Special Washington Despatch. Wasmxaton, July 20, 1860. THE CHTRIQUI CoMMIREON, ‘The steamer Pawnee started from Philadelphia yester- day on her second trial trip. If she ts reasonably guc- cessful the Navy Department will risk her with the com- mission to Chirigui, as the capacity of that beautiful craft, the Harriet Lane, is not large enough to meet the requirements of the commission and their officers and attendants. ‘ ‘THE PRESIDENTIAL CANVASS. The mombers of the Breckinridge aud Dongias partic amuse themselves here with informing each other that they would rather Lincolp should be elected than the slavery extension or squatter sovereignty candidate The Lincolnites raj! at both factions of the happy family party with an air of confidence. ‘THE WASHINGTON AQUADUCT. Captain Benham, Chief Engineer of tho Washingtoo Aqueduct, ts in New York, and will enter upou his dutics in a few days. It is subject of congratulation in the War Department that the announcement bas been mado to some of the provincial presses that Captain Meigs yioiis to the appointment of Captain Benham, aud thinks bia competent to execute the work promptly and econom}- cally. It is considered settled that the eatimate made by Captain Meigs, that five hundred thousand dollars wili complete the water works, is about one-balf the amount that will actually be required, A show of economy ls sometimes very convenient. ‘THE TRIAL OF MR. SCHNAREL POSTPONED. ‘The case of the United States against Ellis B. Schnabel, for assault and battery on General Bowman, was tekea up in the Criminal Court to-day aud postpoued till Necem. ber, owing to the absence of Menars. Covode, Winslow, Robinson, of Tilinois (members of the late Covode Com. mittee), and Hon. Henry May, witaesses for the defeace. PUBLIC LAND GALES IN MINNESOTA, KANSAS AND NEBRASKA. ‘The number of acres embraced ia the proclamation for he public land saice tu Minnesota in October next is four tmillions and three-quarters. In 1858 seven millions were Offered, but owing to the pressure an. intercession of set. ers, all except seven hundred thousand aores were with. drawn. A yoer ago, of the two or three millions of acree Offered for aale the lands preempted were omitted as « further relief to settlers. The rule is, that the oldest surveyed lands are first offered. ‘The number of acres included in the proclamations for ‘sales in the Territories of Kansas and Nebraska, in August, is seven millions. NUMEER OF PASPPORTH IN@TED. From the Ist of January to the Ist of July four teeu- sand two hundred passports were istued from the State Department, about three-fifths of them to naturalized cit!- gens. The number now issuing is comparatively small. CIRCULATING CAMPAIGN DOCUMENTS. ‘The Breckinridge National Executive Committee have, it is said, made arrangements for printing tive handred thousand copics of Presidont Buchanan's recent ratitica- ton speech. Movements of Mr. Douglas, RECEPTION OF MR. DOUGLAS AT CHARLESTOWN, MASS, Bowros, Juiy 20, 1860. Last evening Senater Douglas wae received by Mayor Dana, of Charlestown, and addresved abont three thos. sand persons. Hts reception was vory cordial and eats siastic. During the day he vieited Lexington. RACEPTION OF MR. DOUGLAS AT SPRINGFIELD, MASS, Srxivarietp, Mass , Jaly 20, 1860. Senator Douglas arrived bere oo the aferonon train from Boston, and was received by » crowd of at least 6.000 persons with great enthusiasm, firing of cannon and & band of muric. He spoke from the baloony Of the Maa easoit Bouse for three-quarters ot Mis atlernoca with a large sumber sour prominent eit eps, and leave at t five minutes past six for Albany, where a great reception awaite him. RECEPTION OF MR. DOUGLAS AT ALBANY. ALpast, July 20, 1860 Jadge Douglas arrived in this city at half past too o'clock this evening. The demonstration made by be friends was of the most {mpressi:¢ snd spirited descrip tion, At the Boston depot be was met by a detachmeot of “Little Giants,” in drab and dloe miforme, and by the Committee of Reception, numberihg fifty citizens, amongst whom appears the name of Jobn T. Reynolds, member of Congress from this district. On crossing the river the sides of the pler.end lanting an quatied, and even more thar the fumb ie rrewnt im. date the warmnese of friendehip with whicd Jotge Dongias ia bailed by bis frienda, T° proceedings did pot ferminate till afer midnight. im Ohio. » Sale 20, 1880. Tho Yeieote of aoe Br , hat prope: ravionr & tare tee fast night, and a very large ardemthretastic Crowd gathered in Dinh street market xpace, Dut after short speeches by Hon, Lewis 1 Camp bell, General Leslie Coombs and toa, John the ectoant of « arn, woeet it tll to on nae , ug Bdjourned night, CE mete Ce Mary ry’ pie? hm 3000. The Douglas wing of the State Dematorenve putive Committee met to-day aud adopted the aduresa to the seeple of the State, The address does not reongnive the coders. July 29, 1860. The Doug} vention for the 16th of ag Hoket pledge! to eoppert Doug —————— ‘ork State Politics, absciis Synaceee, Jaly 20, 1860. ZK democratic convention for the Thir ie. cownty, called by thy ymet att