The New York Herald Newspaper, April 12, 1860, Page 2

FACTS FOR THE ABOLITIONISTS. —~——_—- WHITE SLAVERY IN ENGLAND. Barbarous Treatment of Children in the &C, be. &e., ‘We give below a debate in the British House ef Com- mors upon # dill to prevent the employment of children wander fourteen years of age im the bleaching snd dycing ‘works, and to probibit their being worked over ten hours per day. The debate shows that a system of avery exiete mm England quite as barbarous as anything yet discovered ye thie country by Mrs. Stowe or her assistante, We com- mend the debate without further remarka'to tho attention ef the white slaves of New England:— Mr. Onoox moved the second reading’of the Bleaching Works bill. wey vane thougt: that any honereble member who to introduee a measuro materially interfering the operations of an important branch of industry, and who sought to Fessming with the xenbons Sevres mexters and operviives in any particu }, Was ‘bound to show wriear case for the necessity of legiala- tien; but he bad-rot heard such a case made out in tne Present instance. He contended that if the ciroumstances ‘which caured the committee in 1858 to re] against legis- wee ed 8 had been in the direction to r it still lees pa gt i el aicne place. pr to and dyeing works under the operation of ive Pectoriee act, bat he maintained that there was no analogy between the opera- tons carried on in theee works and a pe carried ‘em im factories. The owners of factories avery great advantage not possessed by the owners of bleaching works the circumetance that ‘worked with their own pro- , Whereas, the bleacher or dyer did not work with own rity, ‘but was merely the servant of the pub- de and Smployed himself ou such work as was committed te his charge. The factory owner could go into the mar- eet and ebiain as much of his raw material as-he desired, ‘and workevery minute of the time allowed by jaw; but ‘the bleacher or dyer depended “for the supply of his raw ‘material on fluctuating circumstances, such as orders from home or foreign correspondents, and his capability to work depended on seasons, and a proper supply of water. Con- wequertly, the work was siack occasionally, and times, when vessels sailed for distant markets, was a push of work. (The honorable Member here quoted evidence given to this effect Before the committee of 1858.) He would mention enotber circumstance, showing that the owners of facto- wiew and the owners of bleaching and dyeiug works were differently situated. In cotton mills tue machinery ould at apy moment be stopped, and operations resumed next day at the very point at: which the work stopped; ‘bat in bleaching and dyeing works very critical chemical s had to be performed, the favorable result of whieh depended on a certain amount of time being oocu- pied in them. If the honorable member for Bolton suc- ‘eeeded in this legigiative attempt he would disarrange very seriously the operations of an important trade without ao- jing his object. Women and children, with few ‘exceptions, were not employed in bleaching and dyeing, ‘Dat to a limited extent only in the operations of finishing, makivg up, and sorting the goods after the bleaching and dyeing were completed. Thehonorable member in con- siatency ought to extend the operation of his bill to calen- dering and packing establishments, and must not stop even there, but goon until he included within the measure Imandreeset and washerwomen. (The honorable gentle- man sgain quoted evidence in corroboration of fis statements.) The honorable member for Bolton, when he gave his evidence before the com- mittee, did not appear to be aware of the notorious fact ‘that the leading bleachers and dyers took especial care for the education of their workpeople, nnd accordingly the Preamble of the present bill stated that legislation was Becessary in order that the children might be educated. ‘The report of the committee recommended that soma amicable arrangement should be come to between mas- ters and workmen, in order as far as possible to Jeteen the hours of work. He had made inquiries with respect to nearly all the largo bleaching establishments in ‘Lancashire, and one owner with whom he communicated stated that he employed 127 persons, but only nine under 28 years of age; that the carnings of the men were 4s. 6d, a-day, and of the women Is. 10d. a-day; and that during ‘the year 1659 the average daily duration of employment ‘was jets than eight hours and a-balf. Mesers. Brideson, ‘of Bolton, stated that they had made all practicable exer- ‘ions in conformity with the report of the committee. ‘Im Messrs. Ridgway’s establishment the hours during 1869 Rad not exceeded 10%. Messrs. Sykea & Co., of Stock- Port, employed 121 persons in bleaching, finishing, and making up, of whom 87 were men, whose hours in 1859 averaged nine; 46 boys, whose average was the same; and 38 women and girls, who worked on the average cight hours a day. The honorable gentleman quoted other in- @ences to the same effect, the day’s work which ihe bad on record being one of 14 hours, and the loweat ‘three, four, and five hours. If an honorable member were making his bay he would occasionally want his ‘bands to work rather longer than usual; and so it was in fhe bleaching trade. (Hear, hear.) In the immediate Beighborhood of bleaching works cotton mills existed, ‘where the hours of work were limited to 10% per @ay; but, while the factory operatives were desirous @f exchanging their employment for the clean and it labor of bleaching, there was not a eingle in- @mace in which those employed in bleaching establigh- ments wished to go into factories. Surely, the operatives maust be the best judges of their own comfort and advan. (Hear.) Much had been said about the health these employed in bleaching. Now, he had obtained from the Halliwell Church Sunday School Sick Fund So- tiety a return, which showed that they had in the school 8 bleaching operatives, of whom 27 were boys and 41 *; and the number of these who had become chargea- to the sick fund during 1859 was only five, or rather more than seven per cent; while out of 211 operatives employed in cotton mills who were also upon the school ‘Mat, comprising 48 boys and 163 girls; there had been 59 ick during the year, or twenty-seven per cent. Me bear.) From personal experience he ooald say that he ever faw amore healthy and thriving set of operatives ‘than those in the bleaching works of Lancashire. The ‘men were strong and athletic, the boys hardy, and the ‘women generally robust and healthy, looking very diffe- ‘ent from the wan seamstresses and millinere’ assistante ef London, respecting whom no appeal had been made to Parliament to limit their hours of labor or improve their condition. (Hear, hear.) Believing the bill to be a picoe ‘of meddling and of vseless legislation, he should move, as ‘an amendment, that it be read a second time that day six months. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Rozxvckx—I am about to speak on this question wader somewhat peculiar circumstances. Very carly in my Parliamentary career Lord Ashley, now the Farl of Shalteebury, introduced a bill of this description. I being ‘am ardent political economist, as I am now, opposed the Measure, end drew a distinction, which I draw now, be- ‘ween women and childyen and men. Women sud chil- dren I hold not to be sué juris; they are not mastera of ‘Mhemeetves, but are under the control of other people. I ‘would not interfere between men and those with whom ‘they make contracts for employment, but I would certain- interfere between women and children and their em- ers. However, I opposed Lord Ashley at that time, wae very much inflaenced in my opposition by what ‘the gentleman of Iancashire said. They declared then ‘that it was the last half hour of the work performed by their operatives which made all their profits, and that Mf we took away that last balf hour we should rain the manufacturers of England. I liatened to that statement, md trembled for the manufacturers of England—(a Maegh)—but Lord Ashley persevered. Parliament passed ‘the bill which he brought in. From that time down to ‘the present the factories of this country Imve been under * State contro}, and J appeal to this House whether the ma- mnfacturers of Fogland have suffered by this legislation? Cheers.) But the honorable member for Manchester still, Ifind, makes the same objection. He gets up and ie6 all sorts of evil if we interfere now; but he kept out of view the evils for the prevention of which ‘we are now about to interfere. (Hear, hear.) He has ‘Rot told us what was laid before the Gommittee, and what Mr. Tremenheere describes in the course of hia investig: tion. But I will read some facts from Mr. Tremenheere’s yeport, and will then appeal to the House of Commons, to the and brothers of English women and children, M they will mot interfere to put down this tremendous ef evil. (Hear.) Tiere are some sentences in the book now in my hand which make my blood , and when the Ronorable member gets up and me that the Manchsicr manufacturers are to suffer, 1 , let them suffer. (Hear, hear.) I, at least, will mot ben party to the jon of any such ‘work comes upon.them at uncertain times, and there is analogy between the case of factories and of bleaching ‘end dyeing works." Now, 1 don’t care a straw whether @r not there is any analogy in this respect, bat Iam sure ‘Mere ‘s an analogy im the suffering—(cheers)—and, if 80, of the Houge 1s‘ as necessary now as it mara then, whether the bleachors are servants of the pub- Koor irown masters. They inflict misery upon the poeple ‘they employ. (Hear.) That is the question; and ig prevented this misery in the one ease, let us inter- ere to prevent it inthe other. (Hear.) Iwill now quote from Mr. Tremenheere’s report. Hore is ‘the statement of John Hamer, faisher:— I im the bi es eteccaces 2. maa, that Fhave often morning, and 0 frorethet Leennbt drew mee If fel oa tred, vohat boys feel? honorable gentiomen remember that made only a year and aalf ago. Hore is the statement of Ann Simpson, ears aid, Elizabeth Hilton, fiftesn, ard Sarah Eriday morning at InY'pas vie (at Mr. grace emaen Here ey: spa, morning (woenty-three houreh, id ot Sy dnstntha Nite cae oh tars Goon, tng hal po Mm at fie on the bose, and slept tila. aster erven (leas than two hours’ sleep, and with the clothes sti ttle houre work); the toont Sealine for Kiya Hosa nd then came aie word “tl on We capa, Ut of this House, and if comp! bitterly of the heurs of this we come st four, ius liberty to away and Seven, and then don't get home ‘uff two in the Goad ae rae reece eee en, poor Seen ten nad oaron between ten and eleven ~ NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, APRIL 12, 1860.—TRIPLE SHERT. : wen; bors, sometimes carly, somettmes Wan ifetes eee Nand (howe wighia, ond not ace work om morning at four and worked pa. ind areca; aga Tee oh jor 7 ‘mae One only spe’ f a ‘ (fiaer, hear.) Now, T ask you, the gentlemem of 4 i fll boar this? (Cbeers.) IRear great tale of hu: andy lbp fi " 1 thea, hear)—about the gal slave. No man can view with more indignation than I do the horrible condition of the lack in America; but I cannot help regarding with at least equal the of the white slave in England. (Hear, hear.) 1 bearmg @ story which te me ‘appeared fraught ‘ith & pregnant lesson. Mr. Onstler was walking wis the Fh Robert adhd yore ery. Mr. ler, a3 we Ww, strongly advocat Shortsaing of the bows of labor f te ° & 3 E Pee}, on the other hand, ag we alao know, was & great political economist, and was ‘with his companion upon the impoticy of State interference. Ia passing aloug the gallery xy came to a beautiful picture, 1 think by Imadseer, which most vi ry portrait of ome of Yeel—and Mr. Onailer, “My God, Str . Robert’! factory girl.” ters might have been a girl; and is there a man Present, with any feeling for his child, who could think ef her working almost without cersation for seven. heurs? (Hear, bear.) Think of her tender years, think of her deticate little hands! 1 have it in this that children’s hands are ich Wiaered, inte shin torn off ir feet,and yet ‘are thus obliged to work—the pertons ‘eho seerode thea totes sonatas fined te heap thems ovate on the table with large boards. (Hear.) For God’s sake, then, I say, don’t let us listen to the honor- able gentleman. {| don’t want to weary the House; but I appeal to you as men; | a] | to you as fathers; I appeal Peeks ioothers; ana Toe you, for God’s sake, not to be participants in this horrible cruelty. (Cheers) The honorable member says he is sure you will not go into committees on this bill. I, on the contrary, feel certain that, if Tknow anything of my-countrymeif, we shall go into committee; that the meagure will be carried by a triumphant majority; and that we shall not lay our heads upon our pillows to-night, saying, ‘‘We have deserted those whom God hag p' under our the weak, the helpless, the distressed; we think only of ourselves, of the wealthy and of the great.’ (Cheers.) The weak and the miserable appeal to you now for compassion and for aid; and I, their humble advocate, also appeal to you in perfect confidence that you will listen to their prayer, and will pass this measure for their relief. coneere? Mr. Conpxrr reminded the House of the history of this juestion. In 1868 he moved for a committe to inquire into e condition of the bleachers and dyers; but he was met by a proposal for the appointment of » commission, which was istued accordingly, and which made its report in 1855. That report was decidedly in favor ofa bill to limit the hours of labor in the case of women and children employ. ed in Dleaching and dyeing works. When, however, upon the strength of that report, the House was asked to pass @ bill, the opponents of ‘interference moved for a com- mittee. was accordingly appointed, and the inquiry of 2867 was the reault. From various causes, however, owing tothe necessary absence of some of its members, this cominittee virtually resolved itself into a bleachers’ and manufacturers’ committe, He had drawn up a report, but the first resolution of the committee was the chairman’s report should not bo considered (a Yaugh); and the report which was considered was that of the nonorable member for Manchester and Mr. Kirk. Tn 1867 the honorable member for Bolton (Mr. Crook) Drought in a Dill, but the report of the committee that on the subject was unadvisable had itg weight. The committee, nevertheless, recommended that certain alterations in the mode of work should, if possible, be effected betwoen the manutacturers and their Operatives. No such changes had taken place, however, in the hours of labor {and the necessity of this Bill was therefere completely justified. (Hear, ay) The hon- orable member for Manchester complained of inspection, but had very recently gone z to the Home Secretary as one of a deputation from the manufacturing districts, asking that more factory 1: re should be appointed ‘on account of the immense benefit which had accrued to the cag | Population from legislative interference. (Ber en it was urged that the bleachers and dyers Stood in a different position from that of the cotton manu- facturers, because received goods which they were told must be completed—say for shipment—by a certain day. But in Scotland he had been told by master-bleach- ers, ‘‘We want the Bleachers’ bill as much as the opsra- tives do. We shall gladly welcome some legislative restriction which shall put us all on the same footing, and farnish us with # valid plea for resisting the pressure of our customers without giving them offence” (hear, bear); and a document signet by a large number of Scotch bleachers and dyers admitted that the present-hours of labor were too long, and declared their readiness to work sixty hours a week ouly if the rest of the trade would consent. (Hear, bear.) He had no doubt that a large portion, at al! ‘events, of the Scotch bleachers and dyers were in favor of the bill, because it would compel the merchants to give them fair time for the completion of orders. (Hear.) With regard to the loss which it was said would acsruo if certain processes ‘in these establishments were interrupted, be had been assured by the foreman of Mr. Heywood’s works at Sal- ford that there was nothing to prevent them from break. ing off at any time and beginning again next day in any of the processes which he had inspected. (Hear, hear.) Bat then it was asserted that there were now no long hours of labor in these cetablishments. Now, he had that morning received from Scotland a statement of the time Frought at certain mills by women and young persons for the fortnight ending March 16, 1860, from which it appeared that on Monday, the Sth of March, the number of hours’ work performed was 17%; ‘on ‘Tuesday, 16%; on Wednesday, Thurs- day and Friday, 153g; on Saturday, 7 hours; on onday, the 12th, 1734; om Tuesday, 16 4 on Wednesday 14; on Thuraday and Friday .153¢; on Saturday, 744. From this statement, as well as letters which he had from time to time received, he believed there had been no dim- inution whatever in the overwork to which the women and children were subjected. The honorable member (Mr. Turner) said that on the whole year the ave number of hours worked in these establishments was only ten and a half. ‘The same plea was put forward by a mer- chant before the committee, who sald, ‘You should spread the work over the whole year.” But if you work- ed 8 horee twenty hours a day for one week, allowing him to rest the next, and repeating the operation until he died of exhaustion, neither the magistrates nor the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals would attach much importance to your plea that you had only worked him on an average ten hoursaday. (Hear, hear.) Under these circumstances, he prayed the House to pass the second reading of this bill, and not suffer such enormities’ to con- tnue, or permit women and children to be worked ina way whichapy man would be ashamed to work his horse. (Hear, hear.) Lord J. MANsErs sald that three yoars had elapsed since the report of the committee, and as the honorable mem- ber for Manchester had the House no reason to sup- pore that anything had done, or that anything would done by way of following out its recom: , he held that the committee were absolved from the terms of their report, and should, therefore, heartily support the Measure. (‘Divide.’” Sir Huon Cares there was one kind of bleaching to which he thought this bill ought not to apply—namely, the bleaching of linen ag carried on almost exclusively in the North of Ireland, and under conditions wholly different from those which obtain in bleaching and dyeing works in England. The process of bleaching in the north of Ire- land was carried on principally in the open air, and, when under cover, in connexion with circumstances in no way Prejudicial to health. (Hear, hear.) He spoke from expe- rience, having made it his business to go through several Irish bleaching works to ascertain the conditions on which the operations were pursued There was only one to which a person tht by possibility take exception, but that only at firstsight. “He referred to the finishing of fing cambric handkerchiefs, in which a comparatively small number of persons was employed, in a sort of supe. rior laundry. But even there the labor was by no means , and the ventilation was of ate ee! kind. Tho were from six in the six in the evening, with two hours and a half for m The consequence of gets? og proposed legislation with worke of that kind would that the proprietors would dispense \.ith the labor of women and children, who would thus be de- prived of an mployment which, next to domestic em- ployment, was the very best to which they could be put. ‘Hear, hear.) He was satisfied the result would be to yw 1,000 or 1,500 women out of an en ent which ‘was carried on under circumstances in w! they were erally able-to maintain a high di ye of health. (Hear, ar.) If the promoters of bill would give him an assurance that Ireland would be excepted from its opera- tion, he was willing to vote for the motion for the second bbe, but not otherwise. Mr. Ricuarpson contended that it was most unreagona- bie that an attempt should be made to bring Ireland, arge had been made, within the scope of this measure. The Irish bleaching operations were known to be of the most healthy character; they were principally located in the country, and neither the masters bor operatives connected with them had expressed any desire for the proposed legisiation. Mr. Conotty said he was sorry to oppose a bill of this kind, but tt was impossible for any honorable member repreventing ® constituency in the north of Ireland to give any other vote than # decided negative to it, for the whole population engaged in the bleaching works there ree cee to any interference with the freedom of ir labor. Mr. A. Encrrton sald, after hearing the of the honorable member for Oldham (Mr. obbet) he could not in his conscience take any other course than to vote for the motion for the second reading of the bill. ‘The House then divided, when the numbers were— For the second reading.......... “ For the amendment... .. ‘The bill was then read the second time, and ordered to be committed on Wednesday, the 9th of May. —————— Domestic News Items. DecuNE Iv Poe ‘Watxs tn Nawrvcker.—The Nantucket walks in operation iD tbat pice, pene ae tt between two and three hundred men. Now, & part of one of thee is stan in whieh two seventy five, the other eighty-six years of age—are em- ployed in making Saking fines: “A Mis’ante NiogEr.’’—My friend asked Anthony Rox, & superb engine driver on the Ohio river, how he came to get free. “Why, Masea Vincent, Ripe caller gd | bad when I was in Kentucky; I couldn't do no kind ol ‘work; I was berry feeble; "twag jes ag much as I could do to hoe my own garden and eat de sags; and de missus what owned mo see dati was = mis’abie 1@ of the mis’ablest kind. So I said to her, ‘Mwsus, I'ma ‘e’able nigger, and I ant nothing, and I tink Fou'd betier sell me, Fea pet Wage gg Now, BSy Fs my git eber since, %gpecks I mace "bout nine hundred dollars dat time out of dat nigger. Propose STRIKE OF THE Horst SHoms.—Some thirty of the berso sheers of Boston met on the 10th ins:., for the parposeet considering the propriety of striking for a wen i THE JAPAN EMBASSY TO UNITED STATES. ‘The Documents Seerctary Of State Ce: ted to je rom, Maren 31,184, } ‘Wasematon, March 21, 1860. ‘With the approbation of the President, the Secretary of ‘State, in accordance with the resolution of the Senate of the 10th éust,, directing him to communicate to that body “copies of any correspondence between that and Townsend Harris, Minister resident of the United States in Japan, concerning the ‘sion from to the United has the honor to trapemit to Senate the papera mentioned im the sub- Joined list. LEWIS CASS. ‘Phe Senate or Tue Unirgp Srarms. ‘MR. HARRIS TO MR. CASS. ‘Unirap Staves ConsuLaTs oa} Ar Simopa, Sept. 6, 1853. - SiR—] have the honor to inform you that the J gevernment has applied to me for a steamer to convey their Ambaesador to the United States, vis Panama, they not having any vessel suitable for such a voyage. A copy of the Dutch version of the written application, with an English translation of the same, is transmitted herewith, and numbered 1. As 1 could not communicate this matter to you and re- ceive your directions in time to enable tho Japanese Am- jor to reach Waahington by the 4th day of July next, I wrote to Flag Officer Joeiah 1, informing him of the foregoing particulars, and requesting him to furnish the desired conveyance to the Japanese. I tranemit herewith a copy of my letter to Flag Officer |, Dumbered 2. A Pte of these two enclosures will give you all needful information. I would respectfully suggest, that if the Presidentsbould See fit to order one of the goverment steamers to receive the Ambatsador at Aspinwall, and from thence convey him direct to Washington, it would not only be considered as a compliment by the Japanese government, but would pre- Vent much that would be exceedingly di bie to the cnvoy in taking his passage from Aspinwall in the ordi- br ge steamers. The envoy will probably have two interpreters with him, w Uitele Engligh, but they speak the Dutch language fluent If a person having a knowledge of the Dutch and Engtish languages could be Geapatched to Pa names it would no doubt greatly contribute to the conve- nience of the Japanese. The whole number of the Ja- will probably be from thirty to fifty persons. ‘hen Commodore Tattnall was here in last August 1 in- fermed him that such an application would probably be made __ Japanese government, and he told me he , im that case, order one of his steamers for the nervice. As-soon as I hear from the Commodore I will inform the department at what date the ambassador may be expect- ed at Panama. ‘The Japanese have unofficially requested that an officer of the American mere should attend the envoy from Pana- ma to Washington. ig in strict accordance with Ja- panese etiquette, and on both my visits to Jeddo I was at- tended by one of the Vice Governors of Simoda. I have constantly told the Japanese that envoys in the West always travelled at the ‘Of their own govern- ment, and were not entertained at the cost of the govern: ment to which they were accredited. T endeavored to avoid any outlay on my account during my two visits to Jeddo, but was not able to do so complete- ly. All the coolies employed to carry my luggage on the roads were paid by the Jay ; and while | remained at Jeddo (nearly six months) my servants, guards, bearers, bry &e., together some forty persons, were all fed by the Japancse. 1am inclined to think they are not ignorant of tke fact, that when the Barmese ambassadors Visited Paris, and when the Siamese envoy visited Eng- land and France, that all the expenses of these three em- daseies were borne by the governments to which they were respectively accredited. Ihave the honor to be, very respectfully, your obe- dient servant, TOWNSEND HARRIS, Consul General, Hon. Lewis Cass, Secretary of State, Washington. To ws Excar.excy Towxsenp HARRIS, PLENIPOTENTIARY AXD resi Gexerat. ov Tae Uxitep StaTss or America, Ce As the exchange of ratifications at Washington of the treaty that has lately been signed, is the firat instance of a mission ever sent abroad by our nation, it has been pro- Rosed to convey that mission, and have it returned in « feelings we are much obliged, and we request your Ex- cellency to propose to the nited States government that ‘@ man-of-war may arrive in this empire for this purpose, after the eleventh Japenese month of this year, (after the ‘7th December, 1858.) Stated with reepect, the 19th day of the 7th month of the Sth year of Ausei Iima (August 27, 1858.) OTA, Prince of Bingo, MANABA’ KUSE, ¥ . Untrep Sratss ConsuLaTe GENERAL, Saco, Sept. 4, 1868. Sirn—By the fourteenth article of the treaty made by me with the government of Japan, it is provided that the ratificationg of the treaty shall be excl at the city of ‘Washington, on or before the 4th day of July, 1859. For the purpore of carrying out this provision of the treaty, ‘the Japanese government has appointed a special ambas- sador to proceed direct to the United States, as the bearer of their ratification. ‘This is the first diplomatic agent ever sent out from Ja- pan, ‘and it is intended by this government asa special mark of respect for that of the United States. ‘They de- sire that the ambassador should proceed to the United States via Panama, to avoid all parts of Europe; not having suitable vessels to transport their ministers across the Pa- cific Ocean, they have applied to me for asuitable con- veyance. I have the honor to inclose a copy of that com- munication, and beg your attention to its contents, and at the same the to request you (provided it cau be done consistently with the public interests), to furnish the con- veyance desired by the Japanese. consider thia as ® matter of very great importance. ‘There ig no doubt the Japanese in a more friendly light than any of the other Powers with whom they have come in contact; they wish to foster that feel- ing, and & compliance wiih their request will give eg not only to the government but toall the nobles. . Lord Elgin requested the Japancee to send an ambassa- dor direct to England, and offered to furnish them with any conveyances they might require. The Japanese evaded his application, by saying that it was not as yet determined to send ambassadors to any nation. We were the first nation to make a leh of amity with the Japancee. This we have followed up by making the firet commercial treaty with them, and to have the eclat to receive the first embassy from this singular people cannot but redound to our national honor. You will ob- serve that the letter encioged refers to the conveying the ambassador to the United States (Panama) and ringing him back to this country. I do not think that you need entertain the latter part of ‘the application. The ambassador will doubtless proceed from the United States to England. Holland, and Rusa, Tam inclined to think thai returning to Japan via Egypt and China, in place But on this point, the govern- ment will have ample time to send instructions to Panama to meet the steamer on her arrival at that place. The time named on which the ambassador would be — to commence his voyage is December 7 of the pre- sent year. I would suggest (what you have previously named to me) that it would be well 20 to time the departure from Japan that the ambassador should arrive at Washington during the beautiful month of June. ‘The Japanese applied to me, unofficially, to have a naval officer attend the ambassador from Panama to ating. ton. shall inform the department of this request, and it met take ie mesic fd in the beri Should ed jowever, be over! ‘would respect suggest you the’ issuing of conditional orders to. some ome of the a et Te ve jonor Tespect yours, TOWNSEND HARRIS. Goushl General, Flag officer Josian Tatreatt, Commander-in-chief of the United States naval forces In India, China and Japan wens, MR. HARRIS TO MR. CASS. ‘Unrmgp States ConsvcaTs GENERAL, Snropa, Jan. 29, 1859. Sm—I have been verbally informed by tho Prince of Sinano, that the Japanese government desircs to postpone Pe for the exchange of the ratifications of the treaty of Jeddo. Tam not fully informed of the reasons for this Tequest, but I believe it arises from a last effort which some of the Dimios are making with the Mikado, to preserve, if possi- bie, the ancient law which inflicts the penalty of death on gore who may leave the country. ey look on the treaties recently made as unavoidable evile, and they accept them ag such; but in their conser- vative spirit they wish to preserve as much as possible of their ancient institutions. No specific time of nement has been mentioned, Dut I was informed It would not be more than one year. The Prince of Sinano proposes that we shall shortly ex- ecute a convention agreeing to the Postponecnont, and fix- ing the date when the ratifications shall be exchanged. Before | agree to a convention of this kind, I shall re- quire that the Japanese ratifications of the treaty shall be placed in my hands, and that it shall be retained until the exchange of ratifications has actually been made. base my demand on the ground United States ny that the ratification rican treaty should precede in date the ratification of the treaties made subsequently to the 20th of July, 1858. The 18th clause of article 34 of our Waesicta pie Cina te nae e udlic of the “= the ratifcations shall be exchanged. i Ishall require that this publication shall be made on the 4th of July next, for reagons that will be obvious to you. In my Conversations with the Prince of Sinan in- formed him that in making euch Aconreaton Tanguld bo acting on my own the President Poon A Tete auacion ie Ia ave the honor e, Ve \- dient servant, TOWNSEND HARRIS, Oomed Geer Hoy. Lewis Cass, Secretary of State, Washington. MR. HARRIS TO MR. CASS, Unrexp Stargs Consvarn Garvenit, » Feb. 16, 1859. } frx—I transmit herewith, numbered 1, copy of a letter, dated February 2, which I wrote to Flag-oflicer 1) Tattnall, informing him that the departure of the Japan bassy to the United States was postponed. ihr On the 14th instant I received a letter from Tattnall, dated October 27, and written at Nagasaki, in- eta of the reasons why he did not visit mein me tine that clajeed between the a letter e time mn the due and its receipt was one hundred and ten ey illus- trates the eT eae attend the isolated ition in Thave the honor to be, ally, yor servant TOWNSEND BAR 13, Coben ru Hon, {xwis Cass, Secretary of State, Washington, Unrrep States Consvtate Gxwarat, Snropa, Feb. 2, 1869, } Sm—I beg to refer you to Le peed to you, dated eptember 4 and December 4, 1858, requesting ‘you to furnish ® conveyance for the Japancee Panama. eto Pope ho a - government has formed t tthe time stated in the letters referred to, * ney No period for departare is as yet fixed; but the date will pT remote to enable me to communicate with you on the subject. 1 deem it important for the laterests of the United United States man-of-war. For your Excellency’s friendly Office ALL, -m-Chief the United States naval forces in the India and China Seas. COPY OF A LETTER FROM FLAG-OFFICER JOSIAH TATF- NALL, WRITTEN AT NAGASAKI, AND DATED OCT. 27, 1858. RECEIVED AT simopA, FER, 14, 1853. which put eut of the question my ri time for the A) mail, and I therofore communicate the Minnesota. She had left since, as ‘three of my men, itecvindh ot the engine, meso Ras le to make @ port of refuge im Our countrymen were quite gratified in ir bay! anticipated Jobn Bull in the treaty, and the latter le madly mortified, a8 is shown in a publication ina Shanghae paper, made, it la said, by one of Lord Flgin’s attachés, Thope that my son may reach home in time to gets notice of your treaty in the President’s meseage. Hong Kong, September—he shovid arrive in Washington by the 12th of November, and Congress will meet on the 6th of December. I urged him to all speed possible. Four mails are due me, so that Ihave no news, Mr. Reed has permission to return home, and will.do go in the Minnesota, or by the overland route, about the st of December. 1 shall leave Shanghae—I ¥ail for that place in three days—about the 3d of November for Hong Kong, where the equadron will concentrate. Of my future movements Tcan say nothing on this uncertain coast. We have got along well here with the Japanese autho- rities and people, and I think that the uniform kindness with which |] have them is well calealated to pro- duce a good effect. a regards, if you please, to your companion in soli- le. ‘Yours, with great regard, JOSIAH TATTNALL. T. Harn, Beq., U. 8. Consul General to Japan. MR. HARRIS TO MR. CASS, ‘Unrrep Starms ConsuLaTs Geweral, Smiopa, March 23, 1859. Sm—The United States steamer , Captain W. C. Nicholgon, arrived at Se pace aan? th ult., having been ordered here by Fleg Josiah Tattnall for the Durpoee of conveying the Japanese Embaasy to the Ame- iy Gon h Ne di J I my despatch No. 6, dated January 29, of this year, informed the department that I had been verbally inform- ed that the Japaness government desired to postpone the pr oma of their embassy, A duplicate copy of that despatch will reach you wiih this. As no definite arrangements had been concluded, I went to Kanagawa in the on the 2d inst., and on my arrival jap ‘Minister for Foreign Affairs, informing him of the arrival of the Mississippi, and ientering her to the government for the purpose before ree transmit herewith, numbered 1, a copy of that ter, On the evening of the Sd instant four commissioners arrived at Kanagawa for the purpose of making 8 con- vention which should postpone the time fixed for the ex- change of the ratifi 8 of the treaty of Jeddo, I traus- mit herewith a convention which was signed on the 19th instant. The first article states that a ratified copy of the treaty had been placed in my hands. I , after the convention had been engrossed, that base Cone must elapse before a ratified copy of the treaty of Jeddo could be given to me, and to avoid unnecessary delay at Kens- gawa,1 accepted a letter from the commissioners to the effect that the treaty was to be ratified as soon as possible, and acopy of it placed in my hands. I transmit here- with, numbered 2, Dutch and English ‘versions of that r. The second article provides that no embassy shall be sent to any country until after the arrival of the Japanese ambassadors at Washington. The third article provides that the clause of the third article of the treaty of Jeddo, which relates to the right of perfect free trade between the Japanese and Americans, thall be published by the Japanese government in all parte of the empire on th 1st day of De Dext. The fourth article stipulates that the embassy shall be rants to embark at Jeddo on the 22d day of February nex! The Japanese commissioners informed me that they should overcome ail the difficulties thet stood in the way, and be ready for the departure of their embassy by the ‘25th of October next. By ns ee oe wenn te tae 224 of February in lieu of the 251h of October, were— 1. That the government have ample time to pro- vide a proper vessel for the service, and to make the re- quisite arrangements at 214 that the embassy should reach the United States at a pleasant season of the year, I knew that if it left here in October it must approach our Atlantic coast during the stormy and inclement month of December or January, while by leaving in February it would reach Minne vend + bert refe to my despatch No connection to refer: No. 20, dated September 6, 1868, gai & maken teats peru- sal of the same, In nty despatch No, 8, dated February 22, of the pre- sent year, I informed you of an effort made by the English to procure an embassy ph et ar per to England, either in advance of that to the United States or simulta. seomey chs = ~ eer it ee ee icone e renewed, and it was in v: contingency had the seoond article inserted. I made a strong effort to introduce @ clause secu the fall toleration of religion among the Japanese themselves, and it was this cause alone. that protracted the negotia- tions for some fifteen days. Although | failed in this at- tempt, the labor will not be lost; the first blow has been struck, and the success of the measure is only a question of time, and, in my opinion, the day is not distant when It wT treet Gaet may oti this point will be by my action on approved you, and receive the approbation of the President. gckhe feasons that led to the desired on nt of the leparture of the em! were dispatch No, 6, dated January 29, of this year. ee Thave the honor to be, very respectfully, your, obe- dient servant. TOWNSEND HARRIS, Consul General. Hon. Laws Cass, Secretary of State, Washington. CONVENTION. ‘Whereas, the fourteenth article of the treaty made at roe Ltabong oe nie one of ee a =r — pire of Japan, an on the twenty-1 ay of July, one thousand eight hundred and fifty: ight, provides that the ratifications of the said treaty shall be Ce os at the city of Washington on or before the fourth day of July, one —— “ ht hundred and ale ; and whereas: vernment of Japan, owing to grave an ity reasons, fs requested the postponeneut of the time for the frenpen, manliness we, the undersigned \° tiaries, have, after due deliberation, ‘agreed upon and con- cluded the catia convention: Fe eae it wale Hg BS reeves wiper d earing the ratification of his Majesty, coon of Ji has {been left in the bands of the « ofthe. general of the Nate States, and the vad roe be heey to japanere government, on his being informed of the ex- change of ratifications at Washington. A.Tt 2.—No embassy shall leave ne for any foreign nation before the mission bearing the Japanese ratification bas arrived at Washington. Art. 3. The clause of the third article of the treaty of —— relating hed ee of Lira lay ig Americans and Japanese, made pu! ry jay . ‘ : ret dag’ of yernment, in all parts of the empire, on the July next. Art, 4. The government of Japan hag agreed that the embassy will be ready to leav Jeddo for the United States of America on the twenty-second ae February, one thousand eight hundred and sixty. conventi exe cuted in triplicate, each copy being in the Japa- nese and Dutch , all the versions having the game meaning and inténtion; but the Dutch version shall ieee Sete See maine we ens whereof, we. und ti- aries, have hereunto set our hands and seals. ab wa,on the nineteenth day of March, of the year of our Lord one thousand eight eee }, and of teh ind dence of a Ma — Amel Ln eighty- ad japanese era, a teenth day of the pecond roa of the girth Year of Ansel Hitsdzi. 'NSEND H. 3. Seal.) 5 The seals of + WURAGAKI AWADZINO, Cala, KATO SIOZABRO. THE SECRETARY OF STATE TO MR. HARRIS. DEPARTMENT oF Stats, » April 30, 1859, 6th of December last, on the 23d instant. 0 A aie. RA a RS re will be and We Sm—Your despatch No. 41, of reached’ the it ‘Towxamm Harris, Brq., &e., &0., Jedde, THE SECRETARY OF STATE TO MR, HARRIS. TEtirbot DEPaRTMEst oF State, ‘Wagemreton, Avg. 16, sis. } * the receipt of your No. 18, announcing t doa of Goparbare. 0 *- * * © © #@ @ @ To! Harr, &6., Si Japan. are of g ., Simoda, Mure Rugoell £ C3., ong Kose euabe . MR. HARRIG TO MR, CASS. ‘Jenna, Nov. 16, 1850. } /EDDO, r 3 fip—I have the honor to acknowledge receipt of your weopatch No, 6, dated August Te, ouvering a copy of & recommendation that the embassy abould be conveyed from Aspinwall directly to tho Poto- msc, without touching at any other port in the United Ithink # Very desirable that the first impressions of the Japanese ef our country should be received at a place on ‘table and tnmultuous than any of our large oon J inclose, herewi!h, numbered 1. assy, whieh consiots of eighteen persons’ of beat Hl Frnt servants. niet of proper acoom- * Japanese Betore they Weve at the Permit me to modation for the ital. J inclose, numbered 2, & copy of a letter from Fiag officer canal ot the subject of the conveyance of the embassy to The ef. the Tycoon was totally destroyed by fire on the 12th instant, “The buildings were erected noarly three centuries ago, and contained the hall ia which the Dutch received their humiliations for more that two hun- dred years. Tt many not be uninteresting to you to know that the first and last person ever received in that palace with pro- per respect, and without submitting to dogradi ob erenenty was the diplomatic representative of the United The Japanese have eagerly seized on this accident as an excuse for the almost total suspension of all business at the opened ports, and plead it as areagon for not replying tomy \ tar of resenstrance on the subject of my lest audience. Our affairs here’are in an an! State. The Japa- nese evate the faith{al observance of the most important foticod treaty stipulations, or meet them with a passive re- Ce. I am _unwearied in my efforts to convines this govern- ment of the dangerous course it is pursuing, and until ite eyes are open to the aegis Sor no change for the better can be looked for. I am, sir, > TOWNSEND HAR! Hon. Lewis Cass, Secretary of State, Washington. LAST OF JAPANESE BMBASSY TO THS UNITED STATES, Simme, Pripoe of One vice fovernor for foreign ula e vice governor for in allairs. One tary of the firat rank (Serabay Akoo. Two Of the frat rank wien ‘Two eecretaries of the second rank. ‘Two treasury officers. ‘Two inspectors of the second rank. Fifty-three servants. COM. TATTNALL TO MINISTER HARRIS. Fiagswip PownataN, or? KANaGawa, Japan, Nov. 11, 1859. Sin—I directed my flag-lieutenant yesterday, to on and converse with you on certain tg connected with the conveyance of the Japanese missioners to the Trnet Bae ts thie ship. I was too unwell to write or myself. He reports to me, as the result of his conversation with you, that the Panama route has been selected by the Ja- panese; that the'time of departure may be any time that suits myself after the Japanese New Year, and that the number of officials (gentlemen in our sense) is twenty and their servants fifty-one, making in all seventy-one. He also reports that they will be contented, two or three together, to occupy one state room, and that the ser- ants can be placed anywhere under shelter. I shall therelore inform the Secretary of the Navy that I shall leave Japan on the st day of February next, and make such suggestions to him as may enable him to eames see Prepared as well as may be for m2. Tregret the number of Japanese servants, from the impossibility of providing them accommodations as com- fortabie as Toould wish. The offisials we can get along with, with discomfort only to ourselves. I hope to re- turn bere by the Ist of January, so as to have one month for minor pre} 4 ‘ I take this occasion to say, that on both occasions of the arrival of this ship at this anchorage, all lettters for oon- suls and others were sent to the American Consul at this Place. I rather think that the British Consul’s letters did net yo nara: time, ores teed ately absence. am, sir, very res} » your obedient servant, - ‘JOSIAH TATINALL, Flag Officer Com’g-in-chief, Hast India, China Seas. His Excellency Towxsenp Harris, Resident Minister United States of America. Argentiferous News, THE NEW SILVER MINES OF WESTERN UTAH. The latest news from the recently discovered silver mines in Western Utah, on the borders of California, is of the date of March 12. At that time the weather had ‘Deen unusually severe, making it very difficult for emi- grants to cross the mountains on the wsy from California to the “‘diggings;”’ consequently those en roue sustained considerable hardships, and some of them were obliged to return from the point whence they started. The ex- citement in regard to the argentiferousness of the new mining region is the subject of much talk and « great deal of speculation, but up to the above date but one lead— the Comstock—gave evidence of containing immense na- tural wealth. Carson City, the common centre to which the miners are flocking, is being rapidly built up, ana there appears to be s rivalry between it and other rancho villages in Proximity to the mines, to attract the tide of emigration. Just at present the miners seem to be plunged into a state of helplessness at the insufficiency of accommoda- tions for their domestic welfare, owing to the lack of pro- per lodging houses. Proprietors of mining claims were offering four dollars per day for hands to work, without ‘board, but the latter very reasonably decline, when ‘Doard costs from $16 to $20 per week. From $15 to $200 per ton is charged for hay; eggs are sold at $3 per dozen, and other things at similar rates. ‘The California papers still continue to publish glowing accounts of the richness of the mines, and a large emigra- tion thither is the consequence. But these newspaper ac- counts and those of intelligent parties who have visited the mines present a wide contrast by the conflicting asser- tions. In the Comstock lead, to which we have alluded, silver has been found in large masses, yet the most cre. dulous are not able to prove that anything of the kina has elsewhere been met with, or that there is any positive evidence of its existence. Western Utah may be rich with mineral wealth, but to obtain it and adapt it to the use of man requires money , energy, shrewdness and iron constitutions. An individual with small means, who risks a trip to the ines with ne but his own enterprise to depend on, Bene digcover on arrival that he bas committed an egregious rr. To any in this section of the country, we repeat, do not be lured by these tempting (!) fers to Booome bude le! hi @ perusal of the subjoined extract froma letter from a gentleman now at the mines, we imagine be induced to deliberate before undertak: q sically very much inferior to California, Yelovos ‘bad strife, it is spprehended, will be fearfally dominant in that region before long. Without Jaw, courts or authorities, filled and turbulent men, life, wi of > and excited by the strong passion of cupidity, frequent digsensions and quarrels, leading to personal collisions and deadly conflicts, may be ked for. natie “hardships and deprivations, too, such as even the mining eers of California were not compelled to un- dergo, will have to be encountered by those who go out to labor and prospects on these deserts, Fierce fainting thirst, toileome travel, exposure, and even hun- er, must be the sure lot of those who go there. In this tah there will be arid plains to cross, steep table lands to surmount, and marshy lagoons to wade through, without a green tree to protect the weary tra from the ct tae or @ drop of water to quench tay bane, ting spun on th nes ; ‘un ym famished wiih dreug the strong, tab will cow tabi and the stout heart faint; and the hardy miner in the strength of his manhood will yearn like a child for the cool streams that danced by his cabin at the woody bills of California. He will find, when pe: it is too late, that he has come a long way to reach a yin. hospitable and unfruitful region, of Lae od and ‘wealth—a land abounding with bi waters and blistering rocks; a basin filled with mephitic pools and strewn with lava, basalt, slag and and thirst, will yet deserts, with no shroud but his gray pulture but the drifting sands. Second District Court, Before Justice Stewart. IMPORTANT TO SHIP OWNERS. of the law of pilotage of this State, against the defend- ant, owner of the schooner T. A. Ward, s registered vee- sel of over 300 tons, and drawing over 103; feet of wa- ter. Mr. Wm. Jay Haaket appeared for the owner of the schooner, and for several ship owners who resisted the claims of Jersey pilots. He said that a clear statement Of the case was the strongest mode of arguingit. It was that of a Jersey pilot, authorized to pilot vessels only to from city, Newark, and Perth Amboy, usurp- a er i lew York pilot. A Jersey pilot was Lee ee eee vcaseA Tete becom bole ay EiNo license cop tore to any person holding any Hoense or authority or under the laws of any other State.” He then cited the ‘whole law of pi under the acts of Congress of 1789 and of 1837, to show that gave the Jersey pilots any Fight te act as pilots in this vig ustice Stewart dismaieed tho complaint with costs. Marine Court. Before Hon. Judge Alker. ACTION AGAINST A POLICEMAN—CAUTION TO DO- ‘MEBTIOB. APRIL 10.—Ontherine McClay vs. Lambert 8. Beck.—The plaintiff in this case complains that the defendant yiolent- im the face and neck prem tana te, that he seized held oy arm and twisted ft with such violence as to break. the Bones; that the plaintiff is thereby prevented from quuneing im her customary labor of house servant fence it is contended that the plaintiff was in the of Sa omnia as servant; oe was in thie going every evening contrary ‘agreement, A nick child of defendent: that sie ee ype a are dl t; that and ordered to leave the house; ‘she. ret out more freq: it Twat a violation of the co her wages, and the defendant bad But if she performed her. duty Po Of manner, and did not absent herse! than uy she is entitled to Pini $8 7 NEWS FROM ST. DOMINGO. Our St. Do: go City Corsespoedence. ‘Sr. Dominco, March 7, 1860. Foreign Influence~Bad Government—Dominican Servili- ty—French Poliey—Americunism and Progress at @ Discount, &c. Ind this Dominican republic a surprising country, with a more surprising government, God Almighty has given It every blessing his bounty could Iavieh ‘upon it in soll and climate, but at the same time he has cursed it with government that keeps all these gifts under their own lock and key. , ot About half a soore 6f French and Spanish ‘ own the whole country—men, beasts and laud—and they rule it with @ single eye tothe advantage of their own Private speculations. President Santana is an honest man, and if he knew how would do well by the country, but he iz blinded by the cozening flatteries of the interested harpies about Dim. ‘These men employed a Spanish Jesuit, named Baral, te get Santana knighted by Louis Napoon and the Queen of Spain, and that finished the business with tha old man. E He prefaces his public acts as President of the republie ‘With his Spanish titles of knighthood, and like a boyal and submissive knight he does nothing in hig Dominican ernment without previousl; Earn cacti cms ree ‘This may read to you like an but ita ony the smallest part of decoles wet phancy Dominican Cabinet to Spain. Although the Dominican Minister was a long timo treated like sou by ‘the Spanish Court, he continued om his knees at the Queen’s back door until he obtained a hearing, and then it turned out that bis errand was to beg her Majesty te re- store the Dominican republic to its old position as s Spanish colony. Spain cannot make up her mind to that, for France orders her to aid in annexing them to Haytl, and the will of France must be obeyed. ‘The Dominicans as a people do not wish to come under Spot bonis aay mote then thay wap be sabjected to layti. There are half a dozen men who would like to be dukes and counts if it were only all under such sove- reigns as Faustin I., or Isabella II., and, unluckily for the country, this alt dozen owas it. ‘nen I say they own the country, it must not be um- derstood that they invest their poi od they also send their children to be educated. As may eu these personages abbor, the Americans with all’ the Spanish Capecity'et. prejudiog aad weteen and the whole world knows how decidedly that is thelr strong point. They are the enemies by nature of enter- prise, aud they obey the orders of the Spanish Court to Keep the Yankees out of the country with as much guste have a8 monkeys pelt the passing traveller. Several of the Dominican fome brains applied to their govermment for a right to ‘work, coal mines on the government lands; others to light the clly with gas, on the m of European and Fn ll com: 5 8 to introduce steam maich as = it defy the of : era wi present whee! Whatever; but this model government 5) i @chence to make public the more they are insulted the more they baw dor worship the pomp and price of the hand that them, and the more careful do, what the Consuls order to be the Americans here attempt an: 3 3 French dictation in all the American States ig questions belonging to us and them alone, \ ‘These weak and unrettled States submit in form E E g é E ; i i H ments—The Tobacco Orops—Coffee—Navigation of the Fague River—Heqlth of President Santana, dic. After s period of repose, succeeding their grand coup in forcing the Dominican government to recognise and Sneaking is the term to apply to such conduct. They bring no direct charges, and have no arguments to offer against the present policy of the government favoring American emigration, but content themselves with ob- serving that their governmente—France, England and Bpain—cannot look with favor upon a possible predomi: nance of Yankee pluck in sueh exceedingly suggestive pro- Pinquity{to thetr respective Majesties’ possessions. It is not at all probable that we shall back out in com- sequence from our vested rights in this domain. Neither is it likely that Caffee and Sambo care about risk- ing their shins by another invasion of the Dominican re- public, Jean Baptiste Francais Hypalite Crapeau will have toget up @ little earlier in the morning, and take hie breakfast before 10 o’clock A.M., if he expects to get the Americans out and the Haytiens in, to make his + laim a little better. Goffard is satisfied to let well enough alone, His policy of introducing colored Americans inte Hayti is said to be working very well, and he has recently proposed a treaty with this republic, but the honor has ‘Deen respectfully declined. The fact is, white men of character and enterprise are wanted, and will be wel- comed here—England, France and Spain to the contrary notwithstanding. The Dominicans only need a little bol- ‘tering. France has no direct trade hore, and no interests to protect, except her claim on Hayti; yet, every week or two, a French ship of war presents herselfand uses a few francs’ worth of powder, and snuff boxes and dancing pumpe are decidedjy in the ascendant. Why can’t our ships be instructed to display the star spangled banner occasionally im these waters? Mr. Buchanan has done weil in sending General Coyne here as Minister, and the good effects of his presence, as I have ! already advised are seen and felt by the people; but a ttle additions di jay of the flag afloat would’ do. m0 harm. ‘The government have abandoned the search for The chairman on being interrogated ag to the amount of specie disinterred, ook his head gorrowfully and an- "The old palace, built by Diego de Colon, and occupied Wath Sern hee ee iene crown, ‘and con and military school, Many other it buildings ar now undergoing sisailar repairs, and some of the princi.