The New York Herald Newspaper, April 9, 1860, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. *JANMHS GOKU BDITOR AND OFVICK NW. CORNEK OF NASSAN AND FULTON 6S. Voteme XxXV Z AMUSEMENTS THIS SVBNING ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourieondh streot.—TtAuian Orsina—Baanen or 8 Hroadway—¥QUPARIAN PRRPORM- 1H OF GOLD. SIBLO’R GARDEN AMCES~-Fiap ov rus BOWERY THRATES. —MAchYPA—AMERIOANS x Absosn—LRiH OF THE WALLACK’8 THPATRE, Broadway.—Leaning Sraios— Maxeiace Biss OF BOX AND COX. LAURA KEBENE’S THRATS&E, 6H Brondway.—OCoiceen Bawn, NEW BOWERY, Bowery.—LamevignTer—O'Nma, tHe Gexat—Nouas Oxetar MBS. BROUGHAM’S THKATRE, 444 Broadway.—Tar Brvais, s BARNUN'S AMERICAN MUS¥OUM, Brosdway- Day and Eveving -Onruan OF OENRVA—JEANNIB Deans, BAYANTY MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad: Way, —Buuresguxs, Roncs, Dances, £0.—Tun SrRANGBE, NIBLO'B SALOON, Broadway.—Gro. Canisty's Mux- Brezis ix Sones, DaNcas, BunLESQuES, &c—Werro, COOPER INSTITUTE.—Exniuition OF Prave’s Ortorat Painting oF Tue Count Of beaTH—alternoon and Sveaing. The News from Europe—Haud of the Iteslan Compitcation, There no longer eeems to be ang doubt of the peaceable and satisfactory settlement of the Savoy oud Tuscan questions, The diplomatic mists that enveloped them are beginning to clear away, and we are permitted a peep iato the mysteries that have been oreating such un- necessary alarm and anxiety for the last few montbe, It will be found that tee denouement corresponds exactly with the view that we have taken of it ever since the retura of Count Cavour to the Sardinian Cabinet, As we antioipated, the cession of Sayoy has beer followed by a decree from Viotor Iiman- uel accepting the annexation of Tuscany. The one was aa natural a consequence of the other as the exchaages to a barter. Whilst the world has been fretting itself with anxious speculations as to the effect of the diplomatic warnings and threats which have been put forward in connection with the two questions, the royal escamoteurs concerned have been winking knowingly behind their cards, and cal- culating with amusement on the impression that would be produced on the simple minded public by their shufflings. It is a curious evidence of the clearer perception whioh our Yankee incredulity gives us of such matters, that whilst European politicians and journalists NEW YORK “HERALD, MONDAY, APRIL 9, 1860, under a ruler like Victor Emanuel. The prin- | Exglish for the same reasons as did the Chinese, clpte once admitted that a successful revolution | and the violence and injustice of the British entities s people to choose their own institu- | government towards the Central Flowery Land tions and rulers, we do not see anything to | of Jobm Chinaman were notcaloulated to remove prevent Southern Italy following the example | the feeling from the minds of the Japanese go- of the North, and realizicg that unity of exist | verpwent—the most suspicious and exclusive ence gag politigal agtion which bas peen so | ia the world. ‘'o the American government is long the dream of the heroic spirits who fanued | therefore due the merit of having opened the into a flume the almost extinct embers of Italian | commerce of Japan to the enterprise of the world patriotism, and oreated @ national life out of | without Gring a shot or shedding a drop of the scattered elements that despotism had falled | buman blood. For 220 years all nations to crush out. have been excludeg from intercourse with Japan except the Dutch, and they have been coufived to a single spot at the port of Naga- sabi, @ little artificial islet 600 feet in length by 240 in breadth, connected with the town by means of a bridge, at which waa posted dey and night a Japanese guard, to pre- vent the Dutch mixing with the inhabitants, The Japancee Embassy to Washiagton — Triumph of American Dipiomacy. Yesterday we published the interesting intel- ligeuce, by telegraph from Springfield, Mo., brought by the overland mail from San Fran- cisco, March 19, that the Japanese steam cor- vette Cundinamarrah, of ten guns, had arrived In 1852 the Ja ox at that city on the 14th, forty days from Jeddo, | In the following ie it ergot effect; + having been seat by the Emperor'to announce | gn4 now, after a peacefal negotiation penne that the Japanese embassy would leave by the | ing over six or seven years, the United States United States steamer Powhatan, on the 11th | government have achieved in the “hermetic of February, via the Sandwich Islaads and Saa empire” what all the governments of Europe Francisco, for Panama, whence the embasty | pyye failed to accomplish in centuries by all will proceed by railread to Aspinwall, where it | the arts of diplomacy and war. The American will be taken on board the steam frigate Roaa- government atands now even in the proud posi- oke, and conveyed direct to Washington, up | tion of mediator for Europe in the East. All the Potomac. that is wanting to enjoy the full fruits of this HOPE CHAPEL, 720 Brosaway.—Gex. Tom Titumn’s Bw- TERTAINMENT—Afternoon and Evening. have been fretiing themselves in regard to the non-consummation of the eventualities that are now being realized, we have for several months back pointed to it as having been fixed and settled upon. There was, of course, one circumstance that might have interfered with and upset it, and that was the possibility of the Italian vote taking another turn than the present one. There was no statesman in Ituly, however, who had felt more closely the Italian pulse them had the French Ewperor himeelf; and he knew as well what -the result of the appeal to the popular will would be as if he had already the returns before him. It suited him, however, to temporize and to main tain an appearance of hostility to the annexa- tion of Tuscany until he had won over the other Powers to his views in regard to Savoy. No sooner are these elicited than he with- draws his feigned opposition to the for- mer measure, and cooly announces through his orgars that the French troops only evacuate Lombardy because the independence of Italy is irrevocably assured. Like a skilful manceuvrer, he has never, throughout the whole of these complications, hazarded a single step in advance without securing himself against the consequences of a check. Whilst, in reality, originating and directing everything, he has contrived to make it appear that circumstances have forced upon him alternatives that he knew would’ be displeasing to tho other Powers. Thus, the assent that he has con- trived to extort from them to the annexation of Savoy is more the result of this skilful manage- ment than of any actual fear of him. Bya promise here and a solemn declaration there, he has cajoled them into a half belief in his sincerity. Russia does not object to his taking Savoy, 80 long as the principle of a popular Vote 18 uct hold to constitute a right of acqui- sition; Prussia makes no opposition to it, pro- viding it be understood that it establishes no precedent in favor of the principle of natural frontiers; Austria, once the annexation doc- trine has been recognized to her disadvantage, has no intention of quarrelling with France for putting it in force in regard to her neighbors; and England, with her usual circumspection, sees no reason why she should occupy herself with a matter which concerns others more than herself, and to which they RATIONAL CONCERT SALOON, National Theatra.— Boras, Frances, BuRLESguEs, to oND WASHINGTON HALL, Rabwa; rand sirest —Hayt MINSTRELS 40 — BAL Masgun, y.—Wooo's Mixsreets, Moavay, ape 9 - We publish thi ing additional details of the foreign news received by the steamship Niagara at Flalifax on Saturday. The Sardinian troops had commenced the evacuation of Savoy, and the first detachment of French troops were expected to ar rive there on the 25th ult. In the British House of Commons the Savoy question had again been de- bated, and several memhers censured the course of the British government. The Reform bill was re- garded with much apathy by the press and public. The Emperor Napoleon, ia receiving the deputation from Say d that the reaaion of Bavoy and Nice to F ¢ had been resolved on in principle. It was stated that Russia had sent a Geepatch to Paris opposing the annexation and protesting against the application of the theory of national frontiers. The agitation in Hungary still continued, and many arrests had been made in Pesth. Despatches from India state that the cotton crop in the northwestern provinces this year will be favorable. The Tussah silk crop in the lowest part of Bengal was expected to be a complete failure. Trade was active’ at Shanghae. ‘The London money market was unchanged, with fn active demand. Consols closed in London on the 23d at 94] a $4f for money, and 94f a 943 for account, There had been a decided advance in the Paris rentes; on the 23d they advanced to 68f. 30c. A correspondent at Rie Janeiro, writing on Feb- ruary 24, says:—Cofive fit for the United States ar. rives very sparingly from the interior, but large Supplies come to market of an inferior quality, and find a market on the continent. The naval force of this country is gradually increasing, and in a few years will rank as a “Great Power.” The in- ternal improvements are numerous, and railroads are ‘to run through every province in the empire. The bark Ceres, Capt. Wheeler, arrived at this port yesterday. She sailed from St. Helena, under charter of the British government, March 15, with 232 Africans (captured from a slaver by the United Grates steamers Mystic and Falton), for Port Spain, Trinidad, where they were landed, having an addition of one by birth. Capt. Whe@ler brings home a ‘boat, the only relic of the ship Fleetwing, which was supposed to have foundered off Cape Horn. This boat was shipped on board the Fleet- wing and consigned to the Rev. Geo, Pierson, at Honolulu. When off Cape Horn the vessel was leaking badly, and all efforts to keep her free proved unavailing. Sixof the crew took posses- pion of the boat and left the ship, which was subse- quently picked up by the ship Imogene, Capt. Wil- Jiams, and carried into Pernambuco, and there pur- chased by Capt. Wheeler. We have Bermuda dates to the 20th ult., but they contain nothing of any importance. One of the government buildings on Ireland Island had been destroyed by fire. The past winter was one of the mildest ever experienced. Crops promise to be good. The bill reforming the New York Ten Governor Board failed to pass the Senate last Saturday. We hope that the vote to lay on the table does not foreshadow a determination to reject the bill. Such a result would be disastrous to the welfare of the city. Ata meeting of the Canal Commissioners, held at their office in Albany, on the 6th day of April, 1860—preeent Commissioners Jaycox, Gardner and Bkinuer—it was resolved that the canals of this State be opened and ready for navigation on Wed- nesday, the 25th day of April. Yesterday being Easter Sunday the, day was celebrated ina number of our city churches with all the solemnity due the occasion. Reports of the proceedings in the different churches, with a Gescription of the exercises, are given ia our Columns to-day. complicated and troublesome question is quietly settled by the exercise of a little com- mon sense all round, and Italy is raised at once from a condition of political destitution to a position of independence and power, which will enable her to play an important part in the future political and commercial rivalries of the European nations. In order that an accurate notion may be formed of the immense gains that Sardinia has acquired by her recent military and diplomatic struggles, we have prepared a table showing her population previous to and immediately subsequent to the Italian campaign, with the additions made to it by the recent vote. We also give the vote itself, as evidence of the un- precedented unanimity of feeling which has animated the Italians on the annexation ques- tion:— SARDINIA BEFORE THE WAR. SARDINIA AFTER THE WAR. « 5,167,542 396 033,988 6,167,542 366,396 1,806,840 offer no objection. Thus the whole of this |- The embassy consists of eighteen officials and fifty-three servants, seventy-one persons in all, and may be expected to arrive at any mo- ment, As soon asthe Powhatan reaches San Francisco, the Japanese corvette will retura to report to the Emperor her, safe arrival The object in sending this vessel before- hand to announce the coming of the am- bacsadors is to manifest the high respect in which the Japanese government holds the American people. No armed vessel of that nation has ever before been permitted to leave its ehores, and the first country which it is per- mitied to visit is the United States. She has on board the chief admiral of the Japanese navy It is a signal proof of the confidence reposed in Americans by the government of Japan, that the navigation of this vessel was entrusted to Lieut. John N. Brooke, U.S. N. The Japanese know little or nothing of the Pacific ocean, for their laws do not permit them to leave their own islands, and hitherto, whenever a tempest carried off any of their sailors to sea, they were never permitted to return. The penalty for ledving the country js death, and it was this ‘aw-—which reaches back into the most remote antiquity—that stood in the way of the embassy leaving sooner than it did. It is relaxed for the first time in favor of the United Statee— the greatest triumph of diplomacy on record. The Russians, the English, the French, the Dutch, ihe Portuguese and other nations, have attempted in vain to overcome this prejudice. Lord Elgin besought the Japanese to send an ambassador direct to England, acd of- fered to furnish them with any vessels which they might require. The Japanese evaded the application by saying that it was not yet determined to send ambassadors to any nation. In the convention made with Japan by our Consul-General, Mr. Harris, on the 19th of March, 1859, it was agreed in article second that “no embassy shall leave Japan for any foreign nation before the mission bearing the Japanese ratification has arrived at Washing- ton.” But after that it is probable the em- basey will proceed from the United States to England, Holland, France ard Russia, return- ing via Egypt and China, in place of the Pa- cific route. If, however, Europe, our government will be prepared to send it back again by the way it came. The Senate has already appropriated $50,000 for the expenses of the reception of the embassy, in pursuance of the suggestion of Mr. Harris, who reminded our government that when the Burmese ambassadors visited Paris, and the Siamese envoy visited England and France, all the expenses of these embassies were borne by the governments to which they were re- spectively accredited. The object of the mis- sion is to exchange ratifications of the treaty made at Jeddo between the representatives of the United States and Japan on the 29th of July, 1858. The exchange was to have been made on or before the 4th of July, 1859; but it was postponed by the Japanese government till the present year, and the postponement assented to by our Consul General on condition that the clause of the third article of the treaty of Jeddo, relating to the freedom of trade between Americans and Japanese, shall be made public by the Japanese government in all parts of the. empire on the first day of July next. It appears that the Japanese government ap- plied to Mr. Harris for a steamer to convey this embassy to the United States, because they had no vessel of their own suitable for such a voyage. In their application they say:—“ As the exchange of ratifications at Washington of mighty victory is the freedom of the Christian religion in Japan, and that is only a question of time. Tur MAN ror THE CuaRLeston CoxvEeNTioN.— There is a great fuss being made about double sets of delegates from this State and from Illi-. nois to the Charleston Convention, But it is of very little consequence which set of dele. gates, here or there, is admitted, or whether they are both rejected. The Southern dele- getes will have the control of the Convention and tbe choice of the candidate. The dele- gates from Ne@ York and Illinois, if admitted, will bave*to acquiesce in the decision of the South, and therefore would be but ciphers in the Convention. They come from States which give majorities for republicanism and minori- ties for justice to the South. Their admission r rejection, therefore, practically amounts to nothing. If these rival delegations do not agree among themselves before the meeting at Charleston, the Convention ought not to dis- tract its attention, or risk its harmony, or waste five minutes of its time, in considering their claims, but send them all away—a step which would greatly facilitate the choice of the right man for candidate. The conservatives of the Northern States, including New York and Illi- nois, will vote for a good man, whether their delegates have any voice in his selection or not. It is true the thirty-five votes of New Yoyk alone, with those of the South, would be enfficient to elect the President; but owing to the way in which the State is divided by-the two democratic factions, and especially owing to the blighting influence produced for a series of years by the Albany Regency and its cor- rupt affiliations in this eity, there is very little chance of the once “Empire State’ voting against the republican ticket. The real battle ground Will be in Pennsylvania and the other Middle States, and, accordingly, the election which will take place in the Keystone State in October next will be a desperate struggle, the result of which will go far to settle the Pre- eidential conflict. The South will have the choice of the can- Ke honlh waka didate, because four-fifths of the votes neces- sary to elect the chief magistrate, on the issue raised by the republicans, must come from the Southern States. The South on this question will vote in a solid body, and poll 120 electoral votes. The number necessary to a choice is 154. Therefore, only thirty-four Northern votes are required, and these must be looked for in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Indiana and the other Middle States. Hence the South, though it bas the power to control the Convention so as to nominate a Southern man, is not likely to do so, as may be seen in the fact that at this moment there is not one Southern can- didate that haa any life left in him with the exception of Houston. What has become of the host of Southern men whg were talked of few weeks ago? Gone to the tomb of the Ca- pulets! Recent events have disposed of some, and the rest have committed political felo de se. But under the circumstances it would be folly for any’ of them to continue the vain struggle. The South must select a candidate from the Middle States—a Northern man with Southern eympathies—who will run well in thoze States on which the reault of the contest depends. If the South wish to nominate a can- didate who will be successful, it will take that course; if not, not. Tie Hovst tx Commerrer.—A very useful institution, in its inception, was the parliamen- Among the passengers in the Bohemian, which left Portland for Liverpool on Saturday last, were Messrs. Alian and Wood, the President and Super- intendent of the Montreal Telegraph Company, They goto England on business connected with the projected cable to the straits of Belle Isler notice of which has heretofore been taken by the press. Ths energy displayed by these gentlemen Snd their associates in the management of the St. Lawrence evinces that in their new enterprise they will not be found wanting. We predict the early completion of the submarine line to Belle Isle. which will bring Burope and America within six @aya constant communication with each other. The cotton market was steady on Saturday, and closed with more tone in prices. ‘The sales embraced about 1,600 bales, on the basis of 11}¢c. for middling uplands, Flour Was come less buoyant and active; the sales were mode. rate, while priocs were without quotable change. Wheat ‘was firm end in better request, with increased ales, at prices given in another colamn. Yo corn the firmness of holders tended to check salee, which were moderato but at full prices. Pork was heavy and lower, with sales rd mew mess at $17 05 a $17 75); thin meas at $16 ST3ga $17; new prime at $14 25, and old do at $13, Sugars wore ac. Live, and prices steady ; the sales footed up about 1,500 ‘nds. Coffee was firm and sales limited ; 600 bags st. Domingo Were sold at 12:;¢, with 60 bbls. and 1,100 bags Jamaica, for export, on private terms, Freight ongage- mcuts were moderate, while rates were firm. Tuk Coxvention Fixep ror Caartxstox.— ‘There is now no prospect of the location for the Democratic Convention being changed from Charleston, the National Committee having Bo decided. There hasbeen a great amount of excitement about this matter, and, as we have seen, vigorous efforts have been made in various quarters to have the place of meeting removed, all of which will no doubt have the effect of making the Charleston people prepare themselves better to receive their visiters and stock their markets with abundant provisions. The final settlement of the question may very pro bably warn the citizens there to put some extra bolts and bars on thelr doors, We take the statistics of population from the Almanach de Gotha, which is more reliable in such matters than the gazetteers or than news- paper authorities. These show that twenty- two per cent of the population have pronounced in favor of annexation, being, with the ex- ception of about 15,000, the whole of the Persons entitled to exercise a vote. This is a4 remarkable result in a country so long depressed by despotic restraints, end where some of the old influences might still be expected to remain in force. It is still more gratifying as a triumphant affirma- tion of the principle that it is in’ the people, and not in hereditary Tight, that the source of all pisast phen lies. There are few events more fraught with interest to a republican peo- ple than those which have al tae prc Italy. “We behold in them a near approach to our own political theories; for the election of a ne. ‘ie pete Vote differs but little from e election of a President by the same agency: A brilliant and Gorione future heal he opened by these events to Sardinia, and if she continues to be guided by the same prudent and sagacious counsels that have directed her thus far, she may yet embrace under her sway the remaining populations of the Italian peninsula. There are still some two millions of the Pope's subjects and nine millions of Neapolitans who would gladly exchange their present unenviable cond ‘on s02 he hicsslnge of comsdtutional ScTeramens ‘OTR. No. of inhabitants. Toles expressed. Ms gesesccgevesesoes « «1,806,040 336,445, ices (Parma, Mo- cena and the Legation,..,..1,942,035 426,096 Total.....s006 beeeessoes 000 68,740,875 812,451 the treaty that has lately been signed is the | tary practice of reeolving the House into Com. fist instance of a mission ever sent-abroad by | mittee of the Whole on the State of the Union. cur nation, it has been proposed to convey | But of late years it has become a terrific nui- that mission and have it returned ina United | sance. When the House is in commit- States man-of-war.” tee there is & general license for any The United States may well feel proud of ils | buffoon or maniac on the floor—and there peaceful diplomacy, and of the policy of Mr- | area great many members not far removed Buchanan, who refused to join England | from those conditions—to talk upon any subject and T'rance in their crusade against China; | under the ‘sun. The natural consequences of thus, by a practical proof, assuring Japan | this general license are that the business of the and the other nations of the East that | country is neglected, that members load down they have nothing to fear in their | the mails with copies of speeches that 2¢body intercourse with the American government, | except the House has ever heard, and that no- whose policy is totally different from the colo- | body will ever read, and that some raffians like nial system of European governments, who, | Lovejoy, the nigger stealer, and Pryor, under pretence of trade, gain a footing in dis- | the nigger driver—not owner, take occa- ‘tant countries, and by fraud or force wrest | sion to display their natural facility in from them their territory and found colonies | the ‘art of blackguarding. If there is no by conquest. The guilty career of the English | row, the debates in committee are purely government in India, from the days of Hastings | farcical, and are generally heard by a mere and Clive down to the present time, so preju- | corporal’s guard of the members. Several diced the Chinese against it that it has found it | weeks ago, when Seward was delivering his necessary to go to war two or three times with | speech in the Senate, the House in committee the ‘Celestial Empire” in order to force a com- | was deserted by all the members except about mercial intercourse with it, while at the very | adozen. On Friday, in committee, there were time of the last hostilities the American Minis- | only seventeen members present to hear an ter negotiated without arms or threats an ad- | abolition harangue read from proof slips. vantageous treaty of commerce, and was per- This most absurd of legislative humbugs mitted to visit Pekin—the first minister of a | might have been very readily arrested by the foreign government who ever enjoyed that pri- | adoption of a proposed amendment to the vilege. So jealous were our transatlantic | rules, which amendment provided that the de- cousins, that their leading newspapers assailed | bates in committee should be confined strictly and misrepresented our ambassadors; and ac- | to the subject of the bills ‘under discussion. cording to Commodore Tatnall, John Bull was | This amendment was objected to on the ground “gadly mortified” that Mr. Harris anticipated | that there was a certain degree of what is vul- him in the treaty with Japan, as is shown | garly called blowing to be done on both sides, by an article in a Shanghae paper, written, | and that if the membersdid not have an op- it is said, by one of Lord Elgin’s at- | portunity to let off their superfluous steam taches. Yet Lord Elgin had to resor | they would burat their mental boilers. Very to the services of Mr. Harris to obtain | good. Give them all the chance they want, ® ireaty for England with Japan—sorvices | but don’t compel other members to hear them, Which he acknowledged by the presentation and do not waste the business hours of the vb egos cu yon, The Japancse feared the " Monse fy idfoti; harangnes oy insane attacks. ne essen _nesst-ashennn-onestessnssnasaneessh, It the members are so anxious to speak about nothing, let the House grant them the use of the hall for night sessions, when they can blaze away to their hearts’ content. In any event, the debates in committee should be con- fined to the special subject in hand, and the sooner the House makes a rule to that effect the better for its dignity. DisrRInvrion oF THE METROPOIITAN JOURNALS — Tux Great Enterprises or THe DAy.—The ar- rangement entered into by the Hudson River Railroad Company with an enterprising news agent to run a newspaper express train at three o’clook in the morning, for the distribution of the metropolitan morning journals, commences today. From this day forth the papers printed in New York at three o’clock each morning will be on the breakfast table of the readers at all the stations as far north as Albany and Troy, and they will reach the more distant points, as far as Buffalo and Montreal, by tea time. By this admirable arrangement—which will in a brief time be extended southward and eastward as well as northward—the metropolitan journals, containing news from all quarters of the world, will be distri- buted before breakfast time over a circle around New York whose diameter mea- sures four hundred miles, and within the day of publication they will be distributed over a circle with a diameier of nearly nine hundred miles. This important measure for the rapid diffusion of intelligence is but in keeping with all the otber great enterprises whic’ surround us throughout the whole civilized globe, and which mark this age as essentially an era of change and progress, At home, we find Congress now engaged on two grand schemes for reducing time and space in our communication with the Pacific coast— the telegraph to California and the daily overland mail to San Francisco~if the appropriations for which are made this session, we may see both projects com- pleted by next January. In addition to the contemplated Pacific telegraph line, there is already another line rapidly progressing from St. Louis to California, over the Butterfield route via Fort Smith to Fort Yuma and Los Angeles, which it is probable will be finished during the summer. The first courier of the popy express from the Missouri river, with a mail for California, Oregon, Washington Ter- ritory, British Columbia, the Pacific Mexican ports, and the still more distant points in the Russian possessions and the Sandwich Islands, started on Tuesday last. The pony express will carry news to San Francisco in eight days, and bring return news in the same time. So much for the progress of rapid transportation at home. Abroad, the active mind of the age is ac- complishing still more extraordinary results The Red Sea telegraph spans the space between Alexandria and India over sea and land, thus linking the shores of the Mediterranean with the coasts of the Indian ocean. England will soon have completed her telegraph line from Gibraltar to Alexandria, and then London. will ‘be in instant communication with Calcutta. These are projects which a few weeks will see accomplished, while a little farther ahead we can behold a continuous line of tele- graph, aiready in contemplation, stretching from Calcutta to Canton, and thence south- ward through the islands of the Borneo group to Australia and New Zealand. Again, we learn that a line is to be laid from Naples to.Constantinople, which in a short time will be ramified throughout the whole Moslem do- minions. Apart from these telegraphic enter- prises, there are two other important projects occupying the attention of the scientific world in Europe—namely, the Suez canal; and a con- templated ship canal from the Bay of Biscay to the Mediterranean, throuch the northern borders of Spain, thus cutting off. some thou. sand miles of navigation through the Straits of Gibraltar. Thus we see throughout the entire globe— alike in the Old World and the New—the march of science advancing onward with giant footeteps, and human genius overmaster- ing the obstacles of nature, moulding the ele- ments to its will, and, day by day, annihilating time and epace. Ina few years—nay, perhaps within the present annual cycle—the whole civilized and commercial world will be in hourly communication. More Evrorran Loaxs—Avustria APPEALS TO THE Prorte.—We perceive by the late Eu- Topean news that Austria, wholly bankrupt as she isin finances and in political power, and having failed to obtain credit abroad, hag at last decided to raise aloan at home. She is about to appeal for a loan of 200,000,000 florins on the lottery plan, payable in fifty-seven years. This is the very best thing she could do under the circumstances, and no doubt she will be able to accomplish it, for the lottery system will be quite popular in the cafés and lounging places of the masees, The system of popular loans, which was first adopted in Eng- Jand and the United States, has’ gradually spread throughout Europe. Louis Napoleon first adopted it, and with success; Sardinia fol- lowed ; then Prussia, and now Austria, the most despotic sovereignty on the continent, finds herself compelled to rely upon her sub- Jects for the monetary aid she failed to obtain | in Engiand. Thus the people are growing strong and im- portant even whder the roughest deapotisms ; the vow populi is making itself heard; the sub- jects, #0 long the mere tools of royal whims and dynastic projects, are obtaining some stake in the national welfare, and lifting up their rulers out of the slough of bankruptcy. Turkey also is on the look out for a foreign loan just now; but why not follow the exam- ple of Austria, and try at home?” It would be curious to see how much she could raise among her subjects. Tue Srap Pore War.—The Jersey frontier hes become remarkable for various kinds of border warfare. The boundary question has been perpetually leading to controversies be- tween New York and her neighbor on the other side of the North river, almost as bitter as those about the boundary lines with Great Britain. Some time ago we had a quarrel with the Jer- seymen about the flats. Then again the Qua- rantine location at Sandy Hook got us into another scrape; and now the shad pole war rages between the police and the Jersey fieher- men, As all the boundary difficulties with England have been settled, except the San Juan aispute, and all the quarrels with New Jersey except the great fair of the shad poles, whiy cannot these two last outstanding accounts be rqvared op at the same time? Tas Lasr Days or Toe Learstatox" 8 few days now remain of the time alloth °4 for)’ the present session of the Albany Legisla\ and then its infamous career will have ended- Many times before the people of New Yerit have had reason to deplore the conduet of thei’ legislaters, and the worthlessness or mischief of their legislation, but never since New York became a State was she 80 scandalized by hee representatives at Albany as now. . The whole course of their action since the let of January has been marked by the most flogitious and barefaced corruption. Hardly e single measure has been passed of any public utility; mot one which had not for its ob- ject, *4 some way, private interest or party Sggrancizement. It has been aaserted, and we doubt not with truth, that all the schemes concocted to rob and plunder this city of its rights and franchises—the railroad bills, the ferry leases, the market: and harbor- master jobs—went into the Legislature with a black mail levy upon them for the benefit of the black republican Seward election An inftmous bergain, it is said, was struck be- tweem the parties interested in the profits of those jobs, and the republican majority in the Legislature, whereby the Seward fund was te receive a pertion of the spoil. This is the first Legislature in which the re- publicans had an absolute controlling majority in both houses, and they have used it ia a man- ner so shamefully wicked and corrupt that friend and foe alike stand aghast at the result. If the republican party, while its power is yet in the bud, displays such abominable rascality and corruption, what will it do when the tred has blossomed? Where Are THe Porsce ?—This is the stand-, ing question, not of to-day, but of all time; and it is likely to be asked for all time to come. Re- cently, as we have learned from various sources, the police have been especially demanded to protect the portemonnaies of auditors at places of public amusement from the latest style of plundering, which is done by pressing against persons ds they pass into the omnibuses. This certainly might be stopped by the police, for, in addition to the detailed men at all the theatres, as many as five or six, and sometimes eight or ten, patrolmen may be seen every night lounging about the playhouse doors. The drinking shops and theatres in Broadway ought to be especially well guarded, as they are the special haunts of the police. The fact of the matter is, however, that the Police Department never was so pretentious, so expensive and so inefficient as it is now, with all its terrible ar- ray of Commissioners, rules, regulations: and what not. The system, although it has been only three years in existence, is rotten to the core, and the machinery of the department is controlled entirely by a set of miserable politi> © cians, entirely for their own aggrandizement. As investigations are the order of the day, why not have one about the police? INTERESTING FROM WASHINGTON. The Captured Mexican Steamers—Our Diffi- eulfies with Pera—The Harper's Ferry Investigating Committee— Mr, Dismick and the Pennsylvania Democracy—The. Pacific Railread—Report on the President’s Pro- test Message—Return of the Mexican Minkter, a &e., xe., ko. Our Special Washington Despatch. Wasnincron, April 8, 1860. THE CAPTURED MEXICAN STRAMERS- It was rumored last evening, and it is generally beliovod, to-day among the quid nuncs, that the Cabinet, at a special meeting yesterday, had decided to send the captured Mexican steamers, with their crews, now in custody of the federal authorities at New Orleans, back to Havana. I have good authority for stating that no such action has been determined upon. As I stated last evoning, the questions involved in this matter are under consideration by the government. There are some nice points of inter- national law to be decidéd. Our naval officers who made the captures have an interest in these prizes which the government cannot overlook. It is very probable that the crews of these vessels, if they are Spanish citizens, ag it is alleged, will be sent to Havana. This will be the easicet and safest mode of disposing of them, OUR DIFFICULTIES WITH PERU. It appears, by the last intelligence from Poru, that that government, instead of manifesting a disposition to settle the pending difflcultios as the administration had a right! to expect they would, are throwing now obstacles in the way. If the intelligence from there is reliable, she ab- solutely ridicules and Janghs at the idea that the United States should compel her to pay the claims. held by our citizens. Her minister here, in writing to his govern- ment, says that the President is in a minority in both houses of Congrees, and has no power toact in the pre- mises. It is said the President will oon Jay all the facts connected with this affair, together with those of other petty governments whe refuse to comply with our just demands, before Congress, aud thus place the responsi- bility where it boidngs, THE HARPER'S FERRY INVESTIGATING COMMITTEE. ‘The Harper’s Ferry Committee met yesterday, but, not haying received the return to the summons of the Deputy Sergeant-at-Arms in the Sanborn case, adjourned until next week, They will take no action until the facts in this case are before them. REPORT ON THE PRESIDENT’S PROTEST MBSSAGE. Mr. Hickman, Chairman cf the Committee on the Ju diciar, will submit their report to the House to-morrow on the President’s protest message of March 28, 1860. It will make eight document pages, and will reflect the views of the following members of the committee:-—Johu Hickman, of Pennsylvania, Sati-Iecompton demoorat; John A, Bingham, of Ohio, repabi‘sst; Thomas A. R. Nelson, of Tennesece, South Amer280; Wm. Kellogg, of Ulinois, republican; John H. Reynoids, of New York, anti-Lecompton democrat; Christopher Robin- fon, of Rhode Island, Amoricen republican, and Albert G, Porter, of Indiana, republican. ‘These members represent three distinct parties. The Teport, it is paid, is free from any attempt at display, and is void of bitter vituperation. It la not verbose, but goes directly to the points presented by the President, and asserts that the House resolutions of investi- gation into the contnct cf the Executive oon- tain ro charges whatever, but that the Covode committee, based upon those resolutions, was raised only to inquire Into and investigate whether there areany grounds for the charges; and if it sual! be shown that there are, the question of impeachment will follow, and the House will then use its own discretion how to treat the subject— the constitution prescribing no rules for it, but leaving it perfectiy free to adopt its own course. The report cites Jackson, Poik, Randolph, Cushing and other emineat authorities to sustain tho conclusions of the committee. They recommend the adoption of @ reeolution to the effect that the House dissents frém the doctrines of the 1 menage of tho President; that the ex- test of power contemplated in the adoption of the revolutions of inquiry of March 5, 1860, ' ie necessary to the proper discharge of the constitutional duties devolved upon Congress; that judicial determina. tions, the opinions of Presidents Jochson and Polk; unt- formly sanction its exercise, and that to abandon It would leave the executive departm&ht of the government with out supervision or responsibility, and would bo Kiely to Tead to a concentration of power in the hands of the P're- ident Capgerous to the rights of a free poopie Megers. Taylor of Louisiana, and Houston of Alabama, are the only two members who do not sign the ms) rity Sa ee eter ee report, and as Mr. T cu tbe recor for Douglas the paréen of the mine & ratare!! on Me, Hersten. The posit nby Comalttes