The New York Herald Newspaper, February 28, 1860, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1860.—TRIPLE SHEET. NEW YORK HERALD.| JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON S13. | TER: cash tn advance. Me went Hl will he at the | PP dog on Mop by dh Ae yg di | @ ¥ HERALD. two cents $F per annum. LY HERALD, coory Saturday. at via conte por 27 B per arma: the Evropean Edltion every Wednesiay, conta per copy, $i per annum to any part of Hreat Britain, or any of the Continent, both to include i the ‘on the 6th and 20th of each ‘at wie cents 80: Oe PINILY WikaLD on Wednesday, at four cents per B PRINTING excoted with neatnes, cheapness and ct Volume XXV..........c..00ee Peeseseeeres No. 58 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Oooxe's Borat Axrat- ‘TeEaTEa, | BOWSRY.—Maxore Heanrs—Kaicuts or Anva~Iewun ‘Tvror, | WINTER GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond street,— Govaxnoa's Wue—Jexny Lona WALLAOK'S THEATRE, Broadway.—ROMAnce Or 4 Poor Younc Mam. LAUBA KEENE’S THEATRE, 63% Brosdway.—Jeams Daas. NEW BOWERY.—Wi.com1-cet—Frouse of Tus Farniss. BROADWAY BOUDOIR, 444 Broadway,—Tux Hippew THEATRE FRANCAIS, 685 Broadway. —Le Roman d'un Troms Homme Pavvan. BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—After. ‘Dome Savoranp anp ois Momeer—Acrins Maip.— —OctoRoon. BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanica’ Hall, {72 Broad- es, Sones, Dances, 40.—Scane 1:0M Jace NIBLO'S SALOON, Proadway.—Geo. Cunisty’s Mun- SrRELS IN Soncs, Dances, Buatesquxs, dc.—Tue Mumur. NINTH STREET, one door east of Broadway.—S0L0MoN’s Toxria TRIPLE SHEET. Now York, Tuesday, February 28, 1860, MAILS FOR EUROPE, The New York Herald—Edition for Europe. ‘Tho Cunard mail steamship Arabia, Captain Stone, wil leaye this port to-morrow for Liverpool. ‘The mails for Europe will close in this city atten o’slock to-morrow morning. ‘The Evrorzax Eprriox or rux Herato will be published ‘at half-past nine o’clock im the morning. Single copies in wrappers, six cents. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the New Yorn Hzaatp will be received at the following places in Burope:— Loupon.,. ..Sam) Low, Son & Oo., 47 Ladgate Hill. Tansing. Starr & Co., 74 King William street. Pamm...... Lansing, Baldwin & Co., 8 piace do la Bourne, Lavamroo.. .Lansing, Starr & Co., No. 9 Chapel street. R. Stuart, 10 Exchange street, Kast. Havas Lansing, Baidwin & Co., 21 rue Corneilie, Basso De Chapeauronge & Oo. ‘The vontents of the Ecroraaw Enron or rm Henatp ‘will combine the news received by mail and telegraph at ‘the office during the previous week and up to the hour of publication. The News. We have received nothing of importance from the wreck of the steamer Hungarian. She lies a mile from the shore, m twenty-five feet water, and is visible at low tide. Im another column we pub- lish a list of the names of thirty-one persons who, it is believed, took passage on board the unfortu- nate ship. In Congress yesterday the Senate adopted a reao- lution directly inquiring into the expediency of having letters which may remain in any post office undelivered for thirty days returned to their writ- ers. Mr. Wilson gave notice of a bill to reduce the rates now paid for the public printing twenty-five percent. Mr. Brown’s resolutions respecting the protection of slave property in territories were taken up, and Mr. Toombs addressed the Senate, mainly in reply to the remarks of Mr. Doolittle on former occasion. The Senate then went into ex ecutive session, and ratified the treaty of commerce with Paraguay. The Mexican treaty was read. In the House the bill making appropriations for inva lid and other pensions, and the Military Academy appropriation bill, were passed. A resolution was adopted calling for information as to the condition of the trust land west of Missouri set apart for the New York Indians, whether they have been brought into market, and if so, by whose authority. A resolution was also adopted providing for the printing of the President's annual Message and the accompanying documents. Messrs. Adrain of New Jersey, and John Cochrane of New York, en- deavored to make explanations with respect to the reception and treatment of the Seventh regiment, on the occasioh of the recent visit of that corps to Washington, but the subject was declared not in order. The Honse then proceeded to ballot for a printer, and on the third ballot ex-Governor Thos. H. Ford, of Ohio, was elected. The death of Cyrus Spink, a member for the Fourteenth district of Ohio, was announced, the usual resolutions were adopted, and the House adjourned. We publish this morning a letter from Washing- ton purporting to define Judge Douglas’ position before the Charleston Convention. In view of the attempt on the part of the democratic Senators to lay down a platform now which shall control the action of the Convention and thrust Douglas aside, the letter will doubtless command attention. The proceedings of the Legislature yesterday were jnteresting, as will be seen by our reports and special despatches. In the Senate bills were introduced relative to publishing the State canvass, to encroachments on New York harbor, and to the purebase of real estate by Columbia College. In committee the bill relative to Givorces was taken up and amended. The bill Telative to the property in trade and the earnings of mgrried women was debated and ordered to a third reading. So was the bill to incorporate the Citizens’ Savings Bank of New York. The Troy Armory bill, the Brooklyn Water act, and several other bills were discussed in Com- mittee. Inthe Assembly, bills were introduced to define the powers and duties of Harbor Masters, to extend the corporate powers of the Seneca In- Gians, to amend the Exemption act, besides several others of ® local character. Mr. Jaques, from the Pro Rata Investigating Committee, reported testimony, and their conclusion therefrom that there is no foundation for the charge that improper influence has been used to affect the vote on the bill. A resolution censuring the Speaker for his bare in the transaction was offered, but it was laid on the table by a decisive vote. The House then went into committee on the Pro Rata bill. Mr. Flagler offered an important amendment, which i given in our report of the proceedings. This, to- gether with other amendments, was adopted. The debate was continued unti) the close of the evening ‘session. The Hon. Abraham Lincoln, s republican stump ‘orator of Dlinois, addressed a large audience at the Cooper Institute last evening. Speeches were also delivered by other prominent republicans, ‘which will be found fully reported in another part ‘of our paper. At the meeting of the Board of Supervisors yes- terday afternoon the subject of the untried indict- ments in the District Attorney's office was taken Op, and was finally referred to the Committee on Criminal Courts and Police. District Attorney Waterbury sent @ communication in reference to Sought for with reference to the indictments, would tend to defeat the ends of justice, In the Board of Aldermen Jast evening great op position was given to the €300,000 contract for | cleaning the streets, anda resolution of Alderman Tuomey, calling upon the City Inspector to report what arrangements have been made for cleaning the streets, and what authority exists therefor, was adopted. Alderman Brady, in speaking to a ques- tion of privilege, said he had been offered $2,000 to vote for Mr. Tucker's nomination for President of the Croton Board. The Mayor's nominations of | Messra. Amos Stookey, Patrick O'Neil and F. A. Thomas, as Health Wardeng, were confirmed. The Board of Councilmen met last evening, and | transacted a large amount of business, the most of which pertained to routine matters. A resolution presented by Mr. Hogan, in favor of appointing a special committee to frame specifications for clean: ing the streets, was adopted. The report of the special committee on the Emigrant and Strangers Bureau was presented and laid over. The Board concurred with the Aldermen in directing the City Chamberlain not to pay any moneys for cleaning the streets under the contract with Mr. Smith. The Aldermanic Committee on Lands and Places were to have held a meeting yesterday afternoon, to consider the petition of the Chamber of Com- merce for a grant of 100 square feet of the newly made land at the Battery, whereon they would erect a first clags time and weather observatory similar in its character to the one at Liverpool. Alderman Farley was the only member of the com: mittee present at the appointed time, however, and consequently no formal business was transacted. The Chairman of the Committee of Conference from the Chamber of Commerce, Matthew Murray, attended and eloquently represented the necessity for the observatory, and the many advantages which he urged it would be to the city itself. Patrick Loughlin was convicted in the General Sessions yesterday of perpetrating a Gross outrage upon a little girl, named Mary Murtha, and was sentenced to the State prison for eleven years and six months. According to the City Inspector's report, there were 542 deaths in the city during the past week, an increase of 40 as compared with the mortality of the week previous, and 170 more than occurred during the corresponding week last year. The recapitulation table gives 2 deaths of diseases of the bones, joints, &c., 121 of the brain and nerves, 6 of the generative organs, 15 of the heart and blood vessels, 197 of the lungs, throat, &c.,6 of old age, 85 of diseases of the skin and eruptive fever, 5 stillborn and premature births, 55 of diseases of the stomach, bowels and other digestive organs, 45 Be. neral fevers, and 4 diseases of the urinary organs, and 18 from violent causes. The nativity table gives 380 natives of the United States, 101 of Treland, 35 of Germany, 11 of England, and the balance of various foreign countries. ‘The cotton market was heavy yesterday, and closed at a decline of an 3;¢. per pound. Tho ales embraced about 1,000 bales, nearly all of which was in transit. On the spot sales were made on the basis of 1lc, for mid- dling uplands. Flour was steady at Saturday's Prices, and firm for higher and better grades, while common brands of State and Western were less buoyant at previous prices. Southern flour was in good demand and prices sustained, with @ fair amount of sales. In wheat the firmness of holders checked sales, which embraced a small lot of Milwaukee club at $1 23. Good white was wanted for milling. Corn was unchanged, and the sales tolerably free at 80c. 8 62c. for Jersey and Southern yellow. Pork was firm, and in good request, with sales of ew mess at $13 45 a $18 50, and new prime at $14 873, and 500 do. were sold, delivera>’e in March and April at $15 123. Coffee was firm, with sales of Rio at 123¢c. a 18c., with 400 bags Ja- muicaatl2c. Sales cf sugars were chiefly confined to low grades of New Orleans, with a portion of Cubaymusco- ‘vados at prices given in another column. Freighta were firm and engagements were fair, especially for Liverpool and London. The Real Issue of the Com!ng Campaign. All parties in all sections of the Union are now defining their positions and making their issues with a view to the coming Presidential campaign. In another page we publish the interesting proceedings of a public meeting of the citizens of Charleston, S.C., convened to appoint delegates to a State Convention to be held at Columbia, for the purpose of selecting delegates to the Democratic Presidential Con- vention to be held at Charleston on the 23d of April. The democrats of Charleston have wisely determined in favor of sending dele- gates to the National Convention, and they have defined their own position and the posi- tion of the South with the same good judgment. We are sorry we cannot say so much for those who ought to embody the wisdom and conservatism of the nation. The democratic members of the United States Senate have held a caucus, in which the majority have defined their position to their own satisfactien, if not to the sitisfaction of the country. They have constructed a platform large enough for them- selves to stand upon, but too narrow to admit the whole of the conservative masses of the people in all sections of the Union. They have elaborated and complicated an issue whose dis- tinguishing characteristic is its extreme simpli- city. They have unnecessarily introduced ques- tions about Territories, when there is no such issue before the country now. The Kansas Territorial question is settled, and Kansas will be admitted as a free State, as she ought to be. A very different issue is before the nation. It isnot a miserable squabble about the go- vernment of a Territory with from 50,000 to 100,000 inhabitants—hardly as many as are contained in one of the wards of our city—it is not a contest about squatter sovereignty, but a contest for the very existence of the Union. And the “grave and reverend seigniors” over- look this grand, broad issue, with all tts conse- quences, and all the mighty interests it in- volves, and they proceed to manufacture amall side issues which have little or nothing to do with the case, and whose sole object seems to be to exclude one aspirant for the Presidency and to admit another. It is petty, pitiful and contemptible, if notcriminal, at such a juncture as this. Its only fitting parallel in history is Nero fiddling while Rome was burning. They do not realize their own position or the position of the country, standing as it does on the very brink of a bloody revolution. It is not the business of the national Legislature to anticipate the people in the construction of a platform. It is their business to listen and to obey rather than to dictate. Moreover, some of the questions they undertake to settle are beyond thair province, and belong solely to the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. It is no matter in what way they decide them, their decision is of no avail. The questions are questions of constitutional law, and can only be decided by the competent tribunal. The introductién of these topics, therefore, into a national platform is calculated to distract and divide the people, and to divert attention from the true issue. And what is that issue, aud how shall the Senators make it up? We auswer that they may save themselves all trouble in the matter, They have not to go in search of it. The issue the wubject, which may be found in our report of the Both Mr. Waterbury and M-. Oakey Hall, late District Attorney, give it as their opinion that the publication of the information is already made to their hands, and they can- not alter it if they would. It “comes home to their own business and bosom,” and if they were not blinded by schemes of personal ambi- tion or corrupted by the hopes of public plunder, they would instinctively see and feel their damger and the danger of the country. By thirty years of agitation the anti-slavery parties, whose first organs were the Boston Li- berator and the New York Journal of Commerce, have made the issue, and it is now distinctly resented by the republican party, whose avowed and settled policy it is to overthrow the institutions of the Southern States by force or fraud, by fair means or foul, by any means at their command. The republican partyare the advanced guard of which John Brown and his followers were the forlorn hope, the storming Zonaves and Turcos of the crusade, Behind the republican party are a large anti-slavery army in reserve; and many of its troops are called democrats, whose organ in this city is the Journal of Com- merce. They are waiting to see if the republi- can party is successful, that they may follow up the blow, or if it should be defeated, that they may come to the rescue. Last of all follow the terrible chasseurs, “the men of wrath and without a consoience,” a8 Theodore Parker describes them. The business of these is to finish the battle without merey, when the main body have made the decisive charge, and produced dis- order and confusion in the ranks of the foe. We have had no war worth speaking of for halt a century, and the consequence is that the fighting element abounds everywhere—a rest- leas discontented mass, always ready for fili- bustering and every desperate enterprise. In the cities, and even in the villages of the North, the fighting element is also, for the most part, the immoral, idle, dissolute element, which fears not God and regards not man. The Earo- pean revolutions of 1848 have largely added to it by emigration, throwing upon our shores vast numbers of men by no means friendly to law and order—men, for the most part, social- istic and atheistic, and holding that “property is robbery.” In the Far West and in northern Pennsylvania they have become a disturbing element in the social system, and readily fall into the anti-slavery ranks. On the Atlantic seaboard the New York Zribune is their special organ. uch are the materials of the chasseurs of the anti-slavery army, destined to invade the South—men of prey, whose passions once let loose, would not be satisfied with the destruc- tion of the property of the Southern States, but would turn round upon the property owners of the North and demand a fair division of the spoils, according to the principles of “liberty, fraternity, equality” inculcated by Charles Fourier and Louis Blanc, In view, therefore, of this state of facts, is not the conduct of the Democratic Senatorical Caucus like the trifling of children playing upon the brow of a volcano, which already sends forth smoke and murmurs itsun- heeded warning of the fiery flood which is so soon to issue from its mouth, carrying terror and destruction on every side? How much more dignified and becoming are the proceed- ings of the meeting at Charleston, attended by some of the first men in the State, such as Si- mons, Hayne, Pringle, Gilliland, Ravenel, Lowndes, Butler, and others too numerous to mention. These men understand and realize the nature of the issue which must be fairly met, Thoy say “The battle must be fought in the Union;” “We do not believe in a dissolu- tion of the Union as a thing to be desired of itself, but we do believe that there are greater evils than a dissolution of the Union, and that one of these is unconditional submission to a purely sectional domination that is politically and socially hostile to us;” “ We seek to avert the terrible alternative of civil revolution by the discomfiture and utter prostration of the republican party;” “The President is the rep- resentative of the whole country. He must be elected either by the democratic or the repub- lican party. There is no middle party. The only cohesive element in the republican party is the violation of Southern rights, and the des- truction of the constitution.” Here is the issue and the platform in a nut- shell, just as we have often presented it to our readers. The creed of the republican party is to destroy the constitution and violate the rights of the Southern States, which will have the effect of breaking up the Union, because the Southern States regard that as a lesser evil than unconditional submission to a party or- ganized in avowed hostility to their rights solemnly guaranteed by the constitution. To avoid the terrible alternative of civil revolu- tion, the men of Charleston propose to unite with their brethren of the South and the con- servatives of tye North for the utter prostration of the republican party. That is sound, prac- tical commonsense. It is a wise determination on the part of the Southern States to unite. A common danger compels them to do so; and a common danger ought to impel all the conser- vative elements of the North to follow their example. United we stand, divided we fall. The North has as much at stake as the South; and the dissolution of the Union would be equally fatal to its interests and destructive of its prosperity, to say nothing of the sanguinary civil war which would probably revel the whole country from Passamaquoddy to the Rio Grande. ‘TROUBLE AT THE FREE Acapemy.—We have been furnished with a copy of the report of 1 two architects, who were employed some time since to examine into the condition of the Free Academy building, as to the security of which some doubts had been expressed in certain quarters. The report to the Executive Com- mittee states that the examiners have found certain defects in the construction of the build- ing, which ‘should be rectified by putting up two rows of iron or wooden columns or girders, running longitudinally to the base- ment, first, second and third stories, to support the floor beams and to receive the weight of the columns which support the roof. They recommend that the floor beams be raised level by large screws. Further, that the tim- bers which are in close proximity with the fur- nace pipes and flues should be thoroughly examined, to guard against danger from fire. This report bears the date of the 8th of February, and it has not yet been presented by the committee to the Board of Education. There isa very large number of pupils at the | Free Academy, and if the Board of Education shows any neglect in their duty to provide for the security of the building they will have a fearful responsibility resting on their shoulders The building bas already had ample opportu nity to fall, and now it is quite time that the Board of Education make @ movement in the matter. Revival. of the Sabbai jan War=The Saints Again in the Saddle. We see that the Sabbatarians are again in movement, and, in anticipation of the innocent enjoyments which warmer weather will bring about, are opening all their small artillery against Sunday recreations. The idea that a poor man should sun and air himself on the conventional Sabbath is as gall and worm. wood to them. Far better would it be for his soul’s health that he should continue to inhale the reeking atmosphere of the closely packed tenement house to which his poverty confines him during the other six days of the week; or, as an alternative, they would drive him to the barroom or grog shop, which they pretend to hold in such abhorrence. — The amount of nonsense that is talked by these Sabbatarian philosophers would be in- credible to any one who does not keep a close eye on their proceedings, There is not a statement they put forth that is not full of falsehood and perversions. Statistics, as is well known, are the readiest arguments that can be pressed into the service of a bad cause. They lie with o plausibility that imposes on the eredulous, and they pass current for the simple reason that’ but few care to spend time in verifying them. When 4 parson is found making a free use of figures on a question like this it is a fair in- ference that he feels himself unequal to deal with it on broad common sense principles. The issues involved in the present movement are freedom of conscience and natural rights, and these are not to be decided by the aid of statistics borrowed from countries whose insti- tutions differ widely from ours. ‘To show, however, the lengths to which these advocates of Sunday restrictions will go in the way of perversion and misstatement we shall just briefly notice a few of the arguments made use of by the Rev. Mr. Cook, at the Cooper In- stitute, the other night. After quoting the pro- portions of illegitimate births in London and the Continental cities—which in the latter are as to the former about eight to one—he leads his hearers to infer that this difference is caused by the greater laxity which prevails on the Conti- nent in the observance of the Sabbath. Now, every one who has visited Europe, or who has bestowed any attention on social questions, is well aware of the fact that there is not the slightest relation between the cause and effect alleged here. In France and on the Continent generally, the difficulties interposed in the. way of marriage are so great that young people are driven by them into a state of concubinage. People, even in the very humblest condition of life, will not allow their children to mar- ry unless there is a provision of some sort for the children of the union. But although the liaisons to which these obstacles give rise are to be deprecated in themselves, they are of a very different character indeed to the disgusting profligacy which is practised in England, where the per centum of illegitimate births is alleged to beso low. So far as constancy and the observance of a certain respect for public opinion are con- cerned, the habits of persons thus situated in France bear at least the outward stamp of de- cency. Then, again, it should be stated in ex- planation of the apparent disparity which exists between the per centage of illigitimate births in London and Paris, that abortion is a crime of cbmparatively rare occurrence in France, for the simple reason that the State provides a re- fuge for children thus born, where they are taken in and provided for without any at- tempt being made to identify the parents. If the facts could be accurately investigated we believe it would be found that there isin reality very little, if any, difference in the actual per centage of illegitimate births in the two cities— the excess of population in the one being, of course, taken into account. Having exposed the absurdity of the at- tempt to establish a relation between bastardy and the lax observance of a police Sabbath, let us just take the converse of the argument: Every one who has visited Scotland must have been struck with the Puritanical rigor with which Sunday observances are enforced in the large cities. Even under the Roundheads re- ligious tyranny was never carried to greater lengths than we remember to have seen prac- ttsed in Edinburg and Glasgow. The sound of a piano or other musical. instrument heard in a house on that day led to an immediate descent of the police. And yet profligacy was never more rife in any European city than it was at the period to which we refer. Prostitu- tion, drunkenness, gambling, and vice of every description, flourished in concurrence with Sunday edicts that were almost Draconian in their severity. ‘ It is precisely because we apprehend the same results from similar causes that we resist the efforts of these Sunday fanatics to saddle us with restrictions which are not only unjust and unrighteous in themselves, but which are opposed to the spirit of our institutions. In no community where these observances have been enforced by the strong arm of the law has any good resulted from them. We do not feel any great alarm, however, at the progress made by the present movement. If ita authors can find no better arguments in support of their views than those we have just noticed, their converts will be confined to the narrow circle of hypocrites, who compound for their own sins by bearing heavily on the innocent enjoyments of their neighbors. A Paister To tHE Hovse or Representa- tives Execrep at Last.—Yesterday, as the reader will see by our report of the proceed- ings in Congress, a Printer was elected by the House of Representatives. The lucky individual is not Defrees, nor Mitchell, nor Glossbrenner, but Thomas H. Ford, formerly Lieutenant Governor of Ohio. This was the man who in the Fremont campaign was entrusted with a fund to regulate the newspapers of Pennsyl- yania. He is considered a staunch republican of the Seward and Chase stripe; so that, pro- bably, after all, Weed and Wendell have found as good a man for their purpose as Defrees. One of the objects to which the printing cor- ruption fund is applied is the subsidising of the small newspapers throughout the country. That was proved by Wendell. Now, it appears, Ford has had some experience in that line, and he may suit very well. Can any of our correspon- dents inform us how much higher was his bid to the republican committee than the bribe said to have been offered by defeated Defrees. The farce of an clectionia over. The men who elected Forney for Clerk will stop at nothiag. and the printing spoils may be expected to reach a higher figure this session than they ever did before. ‘ Whe) Lehorers’ Strike in Massachusetts— Beginning of the Copfict Between (a- Pital and Labor. The strike of the shoemakers at Lynu is ex- tending to other towns of Massachusetts, and threatens to become one of the most serious queetions that will agitate New Haogland, and perhaps all the Northern free labor communi- ties, for years to come. ° It is not a local outbreak provoked by some temporary and transient cause. It has its ori- gin deep in the foundations of the social sys- tem of New England, and if the evil is not re- medied in time, it will shake that system to its centre. For years capital has been growing in power there, and under the form of corporate associations it has seized upon nearly every power in the State. Massachusetts alone has nearly five thousand of these soulless corpora- tions, wielding an influence which no man has been able to withstand for the last quarter of a century, and governing alike the legislation and ————_ after Mit week, to Philadelphia, Baltimore and Wasbbygton; and, returning to the metro- polis, will opomat the Academy on the same tight when Mareizek commences at the Winter Garden. Napoleon Ullman intends fo make a strong fight, and he will have, in addition to Corporal Patti, another prima donna, a native New Yorker, now in her, teena; and said to be ® very promising artist. The war will bea very curious one, and cannot fail to be enter- taining to the public, however it may tura out for the managers. Trovsrx AmonG THA. REPUBLICAN PResionne —The wirepullers among the black republicans are terribly exercised in their minds as to who they shall lay pipe for at Chi- cago. Mr. Seward is supposed to have more strength than any one else who has been named, and his followers claim the nomination asa matter of right. The Chevalier Webb, Seward’s chief officer, avows that if he is not the labor of the commonwealth. Years ago it | nominated his friends will bolt. Greeley, on made a mighty but vain effort, under the falla- | the other side, has bolted already from Seward, cious cry of “protection to home industry,” to obtain control of the policy of the Union; and though it failed in that, it has never relinquished ta course in Massachusetts and many other of the Northern States. In many of them legisla- tion has succumbed to its power, and the la- borer has been degraded to a mere toiling ma- chine, called to work by the stated bell in the morning, and dismissed by the curfew at night to squalor and unrest. The evil is growing apace, and now the con- flict is beginning. Labor has begun to rebel against the tyranny of capital. Breaking out in Lynn, it has rapidly extended to the shoe trade of the neighboring towns, and before long will bring into its tide the working thou- sands of all the manufacturing communities, and involve the industry of New England in ruin, and its inhabitants in an exodus from starvation. Unlike the slave labor of the South—which has a lien on both land and capi- tal for its existence—the free labor of the North has no claim for sustenance upon the soil, and capital has shown itself to be its worst foe. It is time for the statesmen and philosophers of New England to throw aside all minor conside- rations and to look this evil in the face. The Everetts and the Cushings of Massachusetts must take the subject in hand, and bring their eloquence and genius to bear for the elucida- tion of the danger, before it has involved them in its vortex. Much suffering and misery must ensue to the laboring population of Massachusetts, through the cessation from labor, which they have adopted as a means for compelling the capital- ists to recede from their grinding oppression. They cannot live upon air. The miserable pit- tance they have hitherto been receiving for their work cannot have left them accumulated gains upon which to existfor atime. At the present moment, too, a set of fanatics and political de- magogues, who have sown hatred between the religious and political organizations of the country, are striving to infuse their poison into its commercial elements, and to divide the trade of the land as they have divided its churches and its political parties. The hostility to the North which their war upon the social organi- zation of the Southern States is creating in the bosoms of all classes there, adds a new element to the difficulties, and may yet deprive the ca- Pitalists of New England of a portion of their ability to accede to the just demands of the laborers. Thus the social dangers to New England are increasing; and the fanatical teachers of French radicalism, who have led that section into a crusade against slavery, are not the men for the coming emergency. Socialism, and the community of goods and phalansteries,; form a part, and an irrepressible part, of their theories for society. The philo- sophers of the Tribune have been as rampant for the adoption of Fourier’s system as they now are for the abolition of slayery. Every socialist is an abolitionist, and though every abolitionist is not a socialist, he is on the way to become one, and must become one by the inevitable progression of his doctrines, This the advocates of Brookfarm and the pha- lanstery at Freehold well know; and therefore, when forced to give up socialism, they adopted abolitionism as the next thing to it. Their fellow workers have been preaching their theories against slavery, while they have as- sisted to build up in New England an oligarchy of capital; and thus are they leading thousands blindly into the adoption of their theories. They have assisted to create a state of things in New England which, if not cured in time, will convert every Yankee into as thorough- going a red republican and socialist as any to be found in France or Germany. But men have something else to do than to sing psalms and hyzns to all eternity; and the singing of psalms and hymns will never clothe the naked nor feed the hungry. Let the true statesmen of Massachusetts, then, stand forth, and, acknowledging the evil, seek the remedy. Let legislation and labor be freed from the tyranny of seulless corporations. And, before all, let both them and us look at once at the suffering and hunger which are hovering over our brothers in Massachusetts. The present strike must spread want among them to a fear- ful extent. Let the humane in our midst come forth and call a public meeting to take into consideration the relief that we can and should extend to the suffering laborers of Lynn, Natick, Marblehead, Beverly, Newburyport, Haverhill and their neighborhoods. We must look at this thing in time, and extend the helping hand before Want has brought Fever, and fever Death. Axorner Oreratic War rx Prosrecr.—Just as the olive branch of peace has been suspended over the heads of the autocrats of Irving place; just as all the quarrels among the managers and the artists have been settled upon a satis- factory basis; just as the public is flocking in great numbers to hear the freshest, youngest and most popular of prime donne, Adelina Patti; just as operatic matters arc in the most delightful condition that canbe imagined, there comes 8 speck of war, no bigger than a man’s hand, all the way from the Havana. The redoubt- able Max Maretzek, who, like an Irishman at a fair, is never happy unless he has arow on hand, has resolved to have a tilt with his old friend Napoleon Ullman, whose dis- position is likewise naturally combative. Maretzek’s agents have engaged, as it is al- leged, the Winter Garden for operatic per- formances, to commence on Easter Monday, April 9, After a curious, not to say comic, contest, Maretzek hss secured the new prima donna, Fabri, who, it is expected, will make a gteat sensation, The Ulman troupe will go, and from somewhere in the Far West has nomi- nated Bates, of Missouri. So the 7ribune and the Courier have been having ithot and heavy as to the comparitive merits of Bates and ‘ Seward. No one else was to be thought of bat Bates or Seward. While the controversy was waxing warm a very important Convention was held in Pennsylvania. It was a meeting of the People’s Union party, which was organized some three years since, and of which Simea Cameron is the head and poor Forney the tail. This Convention declares that the unanimous choice of the opposition in Pennsylvania is General Cameron ; that he alone can carry that State, and that, therefore, his nomination will be made a sine qua non. This movement kills off Bates, who has not a single State of which he is sure, or anything like it. His support is confined to a few obscure newpapers in the West. The contest is narrowed down now to Cemeron and Seward; and, as far as popular favor goes, Cameron has largely the advantage over his opponent. It is very, certain that, without the vote of Pennsylvania, the republi- can candidate cannot be elected; and if the Pennsylvanians can prove to the satisfaction of the Chicago Convention that Cameron only can carry the State, he must receive the nomi- nation. With Pennsylvania, Ohio, Wisconsin, Towa, and perhaps Indiana at his back, Came- ron will be likely to prove an ugly customer for Master Seward. As matters stand now, the struggle is between these two candidates; and as between them, Cameron is by far the strongest, the best, and most reliable man. Tar Joun Brown Rato—Tue Investicatiow IN THE SenaTE.—We notice that the black re- publicans at Washington and elsewhere are making the most strenuous efforts to clear the leaders of their party of any responsibility for or sympathy with the affair at Harper's Ferry. The correspondents of all the abo- lition prints endeavor te color the re- porte of the testimony given before the com- mittee so as to give the impression to the pub- lic that the black republican leaders knew nothing of Brown, or his plans or purposes. ‘This will not answer. The weight of the tes- timony is on the other side. It has been shown quite clearly that the John Brown raid was the logical effect of black republican speeches, documents, &c., &c., and that the money which was raised at New York and Boston to carry civil war into Kansas was used by Brown for his work in Virginia. In Kansas Brown was hand-in-glove with all the republican leaders, and had the confidence of the strongest men im that party all over the North and West. The funds were simply diverted from Kan- sas to Virginia; and it is a logical inference that the transfer was not made with- out the sanction of Greeley and Hyatt in New York, Sanborn, Howe and Stearns, of Boston, and others who were interested in the matter. Stearns’ evidence goes to show this, and it Proves as well that Brown was a guest at the political weekly dinner given at the Parker House, Boston. This dinner is used as a ren- dezvous by all the leading republicans. It is here that the State slate is fixed, and orders issued to the Massachusetts delegation in Con- gress. Itis thought, too, that the republicans have spirited away Hugh Forbes, who, it is stated, sailed recently for Europe under an as- sumed name. Forbes would have been a moat important witness before the Committee, as he was acquainted with all the facts in the case, and could speak from personal knowledge of the circumstances. By suppressing or altering testimony the republicans do not make their case better, but rather worse. They have the odium of the John Brown raid upen their shoulders, and they cannot escape from it. Democracy axp Dirt.—New York is the most democratic city in the Union, and it is also the most dirty; for a proof of the latter quality we have only to look at the streets and the state- ments of our Comptroller or any. other honest official. For the political filthiness we are in- debted to-the leaders of the democratic Albany Regency and their organ, the Atlas and Argus— the most miserable, dirty newspaper in the country. The leaders of the Regency, who were originally mere village politicians, but are now squatted at Albany, and cannot com- mand a vote anywhere, have undertaken to govern the party throughout the whole State, and to control everything in this metropolis. They have been systematically endeavoring to run down every man of talent or influence im this city who will not succumb to their dicta- tion, Thus they controlled such menas Dudley Selden and Ogden Hoffman, and now they are abusing and running down Hon. John Cochran who is a member of Congress from thia dis- trict, and Fernando Wood, who is Mayor of tle city. The opposition of the Regency organ, the Atlas and Argus, elected Fernando Wood, for its scurilfity and abuse, coupled with the violent antagonism of the leaders, created a strong sympathy in his behalf, which carried him through successfully. And yet the Re- gency and its organ represent themselves ali over the country as the controlling power with the democracy of the State of New York, while it is notorious that the democrats whom they most violently oppose, such as Hon. John Cochrane and Fernando Wood, sre the very men who attain office by triumphant majorities at the hands of the party. The Albany democratic Regency is composed of Cagger, Comstock, Cassidy and Richmond, all of whom come from the Western part of the State, where they cam- pot command a vote themselves, yet they as- some to govern the city of New York and the Southern part of the State, which is the only aection that sustains the democratic party by its