The New York Herald Newspaper, February 22, 1860, Page 2

KOTICES OF NEW PUBLICATIONS, Boots Received to February 9 ‘Wereestar’s Now Wustrated Dictionary of the English Beagoage. i ‘Macealsy’s Critical and Miecellancous Eesays. ‘& plton’s New American Cyclopedia, Vol. 8. ‘Tho Path which Lod a Proteataut Lawyer to the Catholic Sharer. Morphy’s Games. By J. Lomi Bouthern Institutes. By G. Sawyer, Whke’. Eighteen Christian Centuries. A Look at Home. ‘Me Artillcriet’s Manual. ‘The Holy Bible, with Illustrations. Cassel’s edition; Mo Seentif American. Voll, New series, ‘Mvolutions of the Linc—Austrian Infantry, ‘Mie of Cap'stn John Brown. By James Redpattx Be'sure Moments. Beetures of Lola Montes. ‘Tho United States Journal of Homoopathy, No. 2, Vel 1. fe and Times of General Sam Dale, the Missisaipp Vastsan. acy Crofton, a Novel. ‘Iaberwood’s Fogineering Precedents. ‘She Muvicipalist, in two parts. Wonezsrrr’s New Ii.usrrarep Dictionary or wam Enoiiso Lancuacs.—4to. Hickliag, Swan & Brewer, Boston. “Wis Dictionary seems to be a combination of the plan 6F the “Univers! and Critical Dictionary” of the author, published in 1846, and the “Imperial Dictionary.”’ It coa- ‘Sains about 194,000 wordz, and authorities are given for faimost all that are inserted. In orthography and orthoe BY we are glad to see thet Mr. Worcester has been guided ‘wlmost entirely by the most approved English standards, @ithough he has accepted such American innovations as Bwve good sense and evphony to recommend them. In ‘eechnological terms and definitions the Dictionary will be Wand particularly rich, the author appearing to have be- Stewed especial pains on thin branch of his labore. One @f the most vaiuabie features of the work is its wood cut ‘Waastrations and diagrams of unfamiliar subjects. They ‘Bender easy 0 every capacity a comprehensien of the matter treated, which would not always be the case with @ mere text explanation. Bee Uniren Srares Jovrnat or Hommoraruy. No.1. Vol. 1. C. I. Hurlbut, Broome street. ‘This new medical quarterly will be heartly welcomed ‘by homeopathic practitioners all over the country. Its ob. Jeet is to present the profession with original and trans- Iated papers, by the ablest minds in the school of practice, ‘Doth here and abroad. In its general record of medica! meionee will be included brief clinical records, fragmen, Mary provings of drugs, new discoveries in chemistryr amatomy, physiology, pathology, surgery, and othe Dranches appertaining to the healing art. Such papers m Materia Medica will be given from thme to time as aro ‘macet likely to interest medical men, and to enhance the ‘waefalness of this branch of thé science. This pian careful- By earricd ont cannot fail to give to the pebiication # high ebaracter amongst the profession. If the present number fa to be taken as a sample of what the fature ones arc rely to prove, the publishers will, we think, be matisied ‘with the resulis of the speculation. Be yg be PRECEDENTS FOR Steam Macuineey: B. F. Isherwood, Chief Engineer U. 8.3 N- Bailliere Brothers. ‘This ix a work of groat value to engineers and mocha nies, inasmuch xs it enables them to compare tho theo. wetical knowledge they have acquired in regard to recent welenti‘ic improvements with practical results on a large wealo. The opening chapters are devoted to the British gunboats which were sent to China, and which wore of forty, sizty and eighty horse power. Half were ecnstructed by Maudsley and half by Penn and we have a comparison of the working of the machinery of the two constructors. The lightaces, ‘of the boats, their behavior at sea with the sorew in and outef the water, their draught, expenditure of fuel and ‘he plan of the engines and boilers employed are all caro- Batty noted and compared. Considerable space is devoted @o an examination of the merits of the British screw war fdoamers lately built, with the results of the experimenta! Yeats made in regard to them, which cannot fail to prove @ mort useful guide in our own navy yards. We have feo a description of the experiments instituted to ascer- fain the comparative efficiency of the Lopez screw and of the paddie wheel as applied to the United States steamn eaiters Spencer and McLane by order of the Navy Do- partment. The chapter in which an analysis is made of the regpective qualities of the Treverton pemi-anthracite aad the Cumberland semi-bituminous coals will be real ‘with interest. The experiments tried on both these coals pefute many of the statements that have been publiehed in Regard to them. Acomparison between horizontal and wertical tubes has enabled Mr. Isherwood to put forth ome new and important facts in reference to heating sur- Ymoes and the economical application of heat gene: a Drrep Srates axp Mexico Nam Sreausuir Zaye any Sratisrics oy Mexico By Carlos a New York: J. A. H. Hasbrouck 0. Im our present and prospective relations with soxioo, ponding the ratification of the McLane treaty, tho statis- ‘Wes furnished in this book are of considerable value, Tho wandeveloped wealth of Mexico presents a rich prize to ‘Wad nation which shall, by a liberal policy and the adop- Mion of proper facilities of transit, succeed in securing it At present this country enjoss but a small share of the @ommerce of Mexico, which, even in her existing unfortu- mate condition, is ‘quite considerable. We learn from the werk that her exports amount annually to $28,000,000, ged ber importations of foreign goods to $20,000,000— making a total foreign trade of $54,000,000; yet of his amount the United States only furnish four méiDions aud a half of the importations, while Eng’and furnishes twelve millions and a half; @f the same time the latter country monopolises more than teal the entire foreign commerce of Mexico, leaving only about nine millions to the United States, and twelve mil- Mons to all other nations. The tables of products and manufactures chow that Mexico produces in abundance many articles which we consume, and receive now from ther sources, while she offers a valuable market for our @ption, grain, machinery and other products. ‘The silver experts of Mexico are very large—some twen. fy millions a year going to England alone, by her Woat India mail stcamshipe, anda little over four millions to the United States, which has no steamship connection ‘whatever with any port in the Mexican gulf. The object of this book is to set forth the importance of a mail stoam. ship communication with Mexico, in diverting the trad@ fom Europe to tho United States, but asa statistical and Ristorical work upon that republic, it is most valuable, containing as it does detailed accounts of the geography, cBmate, agriculture, manufactures and internal trade of She country. A Crvisx is rus Unrrzp Srares Steam Fricats Mississirr1 TO CHINA AND JAPAN, from July, 4857, to February, 1980. By William F, Gragg. Damreil & Moore, Boston. ‘This unpretending narrative will be read with interest. ‘The seencs and incidents described in it hays, ta addition Ye the charm of novelty, the recommendation of being geen from @ point of view in which the humorous largely predominates. Sailors’ impressions of new countries and adits foreign to their notions have always a piquancy bout them that makes up for the absence of literary retensions. Sovurnern Ixsrireres; or, An In Into the Origin and Early Prevalence of Slavery and the Slave Trade, with an Analysis of the Laws, Hix oy d Government of the Institution in the cipal Nations, Ancient and Modern, from the Earliest Ages down to the Present Time, with Notes avd Commente in Defence of the Southern dastitation. By George S. Sawyer, of i Philadelphia: Lippincott & Co. ‘This is a valuable compilation of facts bearing upon the ‘peculiar institution.” Its appearance just now cannot Dut contribute to neutralize the mischievous effects of the Belper book and the other lyiug publications which have ‘been the main agents of the present excitement Cassrun’s Iuivstratzp Fawr Brets. No. 1. Cassell, Petter & Gulpin, Park Buildings. ‘This is one of the cheapest and most beautifully illus- trated editions of the Bible that has been brought oct here In the first number (the First Book of Genesis) there are ‘thirty-two fine wood-cut illustrations; the price of the 82 ‘pages of text and cuts being enly 16 cents. ‘Tus Sctextirio AmentcaN. Vol. 1. New Series. Mann & Co. « ‘The first volume of the new issue of this valuable sci, entific weekly has been seut to us by the proprietors” ‘The new forin & the paper is well adapted for binding’ and we notice & marked improvement iu the general char- acter of the contents. ‘ Essays, Cxivical. axp Misceutaxrova. By the late Lord Macaulay, Appleton & Co, z ‘Weis is a reprint of the American edition of Macaulay’s mbeeliancous writings, and comprises the remainder of the articles in the Huinburg Review, with several writ- ign and published while the autuor was in college, NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 31960.—TRIPLE SHEET. Tur Frouremy Cuniartan Cex: l. James White. Appleton & c. Rear The merits of this work, and the favor with which % was reccived on its first appearance im Great Britain, have induced the Messrs, Appleton to republish it here. ‘We oun with truth say that we have read few books with more interest and Jaid aside few with more regret. ‘Tus Anritienist’s MancaL. Compiled from vari- ous sources, and adapt:d to the Service of the United States. Iinat ated by engravinga By John Gibbon, First Li urenant, Pourth Artillery, United States Army Van Nostrand, No, 1 Broadway. London: Trubner & Co. 1860. ‘The theory and practice of the acience of artilery have, ‘within the past few years, become a subject of the utmiost importance to our country. Sinco 1830 the leading mill- ‘ary monarchigs of Europe have been devoting the most ‘aesiduous attention to the expansion and developement of this powerful means of attack and defence. No labor has been thought too great, no expense too heavy, no detail too trifling in the pursuit of this all important emd; and as goon as one point has been gained they have pushed on with unwearied industry and patient perseverance, both in calcniation and experiment, until they have finally brought this arm of service to an extraordinary pitch of perfection, Meanwhile, on this side of the water, although some few of our oflicers (to their credit be it spoken) have labored diligently to keep up with, or even surpass, their European brethren, yet the vast mass of our intel- ligent and thinking population—those upon whom we must of necessity rely in the hour of need—are utterly and profoundly ‘ignorant of the first and most timple principles upon which the theory and practice otartiliery are based. Should either of the powerful maritime nations throw upon our extended seaboard (bristling though it be with fortresses and guns) a hoavily armed gcd well manned ficetof war steamers, we should, Deyond @ queation, be almost entirely at their mercy, not that we are unprovided with the materials ne- coesary to be used in defence, but simply from sheer ignorance of the manner in which those materials aro made and are to be applied to their proper purposes. And this want of knowledge is in part to be attributed to the lack of proper books of instruction. There has besn nothing placed within reach of the community betwoen the simple manua) aod mechanical manwuvres of the heavy gnn, and the profound and abstruse works of Thiroux and Gribeauval; these latter demanding # con- sumption of time and a mathematical knowledge which persona in general are unable to give to such a eubject. It is with great pleazure, therefore, that we welcome the appearance of a new work on those subjects, entitled “The Artillerist’s Manual,” by Captain John Gibbon, = highly scientific and meritorious officer of artillery in our regular service. Captain Gibbon is a graduate of the Miliary Aesdemy ‘at West Point, and after a service of several yoars in the artillery was ordered to that institution in the capacity of ‘<Inatructor of Artillery,” which porition he filled with emi- nent satisfaction to his superior officers. While thus occu- pied, and having free access to the valuable library at the academy, in whieh are collected all the latest and best works upon the different branches of military scienoe, be conceived the idea of compiling from the various sources under his control a work which should convey, in plain and intelligible language, all the details necessary to give a complete understanding of this important subject, and yet not so abstruse as to be beyond the eomprehension of those of our citizen soldiers who feel disposed to devote some little time and attention to military subjecte. This jost medium, we think, Captain Gibbon haa attained with an eminent degree of success, His work, an octavo volume of 500 pages, in large, clear type, appears to be well adapted to supply just what has been heretofore needed to fill tho gap between the simple manual and the more abstruse de- monstrations of the “science of gunnery.” It containg fourteen chapters and an appendix of statistical tabled, mainly taken from the United States Ordnance Manual. In his first chapter the author gives a fall description of gunpowder, ita ingredients, manufacture, method of pre- servation and characteristics, explaining clearly ignition and combustion, and closing with’ description of the va- rious machines in use for testing the strongth of powder and determining “initial velocities.” Many valuablo hints are given in relation to the storage and transporta- tion of powder, and its restoration after it has bocomo unserviceable. A few pages are likewise devoted to the subject of gun cotton, which article at one tims threatened to superrede powder. This brings us to tho second chapter in which the author explains tho different kinds of ordrancs in general use, their forms, method of casting and “inspection for service,” and the modes of spiking or rendering them unserviceable, In the third chapter the proper shape t bo given to heavy guns is fully discussed, as also the materials used in the casting of ordnance and in the construction of the various gun-carriages and implements. There is a large amount of practical knowledge contained in these opening chapters, which could be easily acquired, and which when once learned would be of great utility in the boor of need. ‘The author then proceeds to investigate the subject of “rifing,”? both for emall arma and for guns of heavy cali- bre, discussing the theory of the “motion of projectiles’ and describing the Armstrong and Cavalli guns. He next takes up artillery projectiles, giving detailed information in regard to the different kinds of projectiles, their manu- facture, proof and inspection, use and method of pre- servation. The 5th chapter is devoted to ‘artillery mate- rial,” including the different gun-carriages, for field, siege and sea coast service, describing also the ‘sling cart’’ for moving heavy guns from point to point, and the ‘“gin,’’ which is usea in mounting and dismounting them. It includee, also, a description of tho iron gun carriages which have lately been tested with such success, and the improved Columbia carriage, revolving on a pintle under the centre of the middle transom. Having thus described the various weapons, tools and materials which the artil- lerist ia called upon to use, the author proceods to the “theory and practice of fire,” in other words, to a des- cription of the actual mode of making his weapous availa- ble for attack or defence. All this is clearly and plainly laid dewn in chapters 7 and 8, This subject includes the details in relation to ‘charges,’ the “measure of dis- ‘saghting’? and the “heating of shot,”’ together with some practical information as to tho broaching of ‘walls by siege artillery. ‘The 9th chapter contains full descriptions of the various improved fuses used for exploding shells, together with the rosults of a number of experiments made with a view to determine the certainty and accuracy of the several kinds most in favor with military men. ‘The different implements for pointing and loading are described in the 10th chapter. The next subdivision ts devoted entirely to the subject of “ammunition”? Fall explanation is given in relation to the various kinds of cartridges, shot and shells, and also of the manner of Preparing them for use. This subject also includoa the several deecriptions of primers, portfires, rocketa, and such fireworks as are used in military service. ‘The 12th chapter is devoted entirely to ‘field artillery,” and gives some valuable information in relation to artll- lery horses, the method of embarking and disembarking them, and their care on the march. Chapter 13 contains details in relation to the attack and defence of fortifications, as also reconnoissaaces, surveys, aud a description of the manner of laying out and throw- ing up the several kinds pf battories, ineluding mortar and breaching batteries. ‘This chapter also contains some valuable suggestions on the subject .of “sea coast defences,” @ matter of absorb. ing importance at this present moment. Tho book oon- cludes with practical data as to tho ‘‘passage of rivors,’’ as well ox tce as on the water, and gives a full and accu” rate description of the best forms of pontoon bridges adopted in modern military science, describing the mo thods of building and removing them. The whole work ia profusely illustrated with wood cuts and engravings on stone, tending to give a more complete and exact idea o; the various matters described in the text. The hook may well be considered as a valuable and important addition tothe military science of the country, made, too, at a time when the subject on which it treats ts forse ing itself more and more upon the attention o the community. The expesed condition of the large and wealthy cities upon our Atlantic seaboard is becoming daily a greater source of unoasinces, not only with those who have the hoor aud glory of the country at heart, but with all classes of citizens, who, re- cognizing the fact that their property and lives are at stake, are beginning to manifest a laudable desire to gain some information as to the manner and means of protect. ing them efficiently and successfully. To a!l sush we re- commend Captain Gibbon’s work. The Knowle¢go that {t contains is amply suflicient, when once redaced to prac- tice, to enable them to take the field for purpose of re- | sistance, with such an amount of information as the weapons that will be placed in their hands as will, to ray the least, provent them from feeling that want of #eif- confidence in presence of an enemy which invariably arises from ignorance of the use of the means of defense. To the people of this great commercial metropolis this is of the most essential importance, Wita one million 9 / Bves and five bundredimiions off property tying 4m |.» clouds from te depths of tho ® great measure defencelems and imyiting attack, our egiigence in preparing ourselves to mak.’ the best use of the means of defenee in the way of forts snd beavy guns, which the general government has placed at our disposal, #8 in the highest degree reprehensible, not to say crimi- nal. The author eoncludes by expressing « hope that the 8 '\,* Cb will attract the attention not only of thoue in aa” thority, but fevery citizen ef New York who values bis own safety and his country’s honor; and i# solely with thie ©} ject, he says, that he has writen this work, as be is naticfied that it may be made to subserve an important yarpose in placing this metropolis in a condition of com- parative mmunity from attack. en Irva, OR THE UNEXPLORED Rea@rons or Cenraan AMERICA, We have received the advance sheets of an interesting d valuable contribution to our geographical and geno- ral knowledge of this continent, under tho aboy: title. It has been translated fromthe Freneh of Mr. Arthur Morelet, by Mrs. E G. Squier, wife of the welt known author and traveller, towbom more than to avy other manCentral America has been indebted for ita mtroduo- tion to the active werld, and for ths proper presentation of its character and resources. Tho travels of M. Moro Jet extended over a region hitherto unexplored, naincly, the vast arca embraced between Guatemala, Yuestaa, Tabasco and Chiapas, and embracing a considerable part of each of those States, Embarking at the island of Our- men, in the lagoon of Terminos, that geatleman ascended the great river Usumasinta to point where no Eurcpesa had reached before, and where he encountered tie un- conquered Lacaudon Indians, within whose territories tradition places great cities, living counterparts of J’. Jenque and Copan. Thenoa he went to Palenque, sud afterwards struck directly eastward, through an untrackod forest, a hundred leagues, to the mysterious aod wade: ecribed lake of Itza. After a stay here of some mouths, he directed his steps southward, through a vast solitude, and over broad rivers and high mountains, traversing the pro vince of Vera Paz, the ancient Land of War, to Guateroaia— a total journey, in great part performed on foot, of more than 1,500 iniles. Altogether, tho explorations of M. Morelet may be regarded, in their extentand vatue, aa second to none that have been carried out by individual eo- enterprise on this continent during the present century. Ad- ded to his scientific knowledge and zeal, M. Mereiet haga flowing style and a keen appreciation of the humorous and beautiful, which are well conveyed in the transiation, and which throw # charm over his book not inferior tw that which won such success for the “Incidents of Travei’’ of Stephens. As we bave said, M. Morolet commence! his expedition at the town of Garmen (sometimes called La- guna), on the Lagoon of Terminos, of which be has given ‘us @ pleasing description -— THE CITY OF CARMEN. Ym an architectural point of view the city of Carmen presents no striking feature. As stone is not to be found there, building materials are obtained from the neigh ing forests. Too oof are generally thatched, 1 gh they are occasionally tiled with flat stones taken frou the ballast of ship. On the banks of the Lagoon, where she houses are huddied closely together, these rustic roots de not appear to great advantage; but outaide of the commer- cial centre, in more retired portions of the city, they har- monize with the bananna trees which shade them, aud with the primitive gardens which isolate every habitation. The streets, bordered with the white and red flowers of the periwiokle, and terminating in the surrounding forests, resemble the avenues of some imperial park; aut the i-- regular pathe that cross them and lose themselves in clumps of verdure on eitber hand, make a strange appeal to the imagination of the stranger, who is coustanuy tempted to explore the mysterious reoeeves to which thoy appear to lead. As one walks alopg contemplatively, ha is suddenly startied by the whizzing ilight of the hamilug bird; but his eyes scarcely falloa it when, sexming emit’a roddy spark, it disappears among the branches, ike some brilliant beetle, or rather like the sphinx, which it resembles in its fight. When tho sun approaches ics zenith, and nature is sunk in silence and repose, the iguasa may be surprised, extonded on some branch of @ tree, where he reposes iv a state apparentty be- tween sleeping and waking; but his vigilance never «ban- dons him. At the least sound ho lifts his head, his throat dilates, his creat becomes elevated, and he listens without moving; but the changes in his coior betray bis uneasi- ners, bis back of sky blue deepens to purple, then ho reflects the shades of the foliage which surrounds hiv, and in the midst of which he does not fai! soon w vanian. ‘The streets, as Ihave said, end only in the forest, w isan impenetrable thicket of thorny trees and vin o with yelvety pods, which depend from the and when mature drop their seed on tho ground to spring up again in new luxuriance. One must tread here with care, for these are the pods of the negretia wrens, (cowhage ’) and are covered with imperceptibie thorns which come off on the slightast centaot, peneirating the skin and producing the most paiptal irritation, * * » * Here nature produces noting ins mificant. The ‘| 's of the various forme of vegetation are not exclusively confined to supporting and per) etuating the species; but the rich sap which vivtfles every pliant and which pervades lis every fibre, is almost always eu Sowers specific virtues, capable of connecting, by new relationships. these organized bodias. $0 creation, How many unknown principi those varieties of resins, aromatic gums, oleaginous eucnces and milky juices, are on)y awaiting discovery in order to advance the arts and the industriai sciences, or add w our medical resources. How many, I say, are waiting for some fortuitous circumstanee to reveal their beneficent and useful properties. F THR 1 AGOON OF TERMINOR. ‘The lagoon of Termiuos is about fifteen leagues long by from eight to ten broac, anc in ite tranquillity and the color of its waters more resemDies an inland lake than a de. pendency of the ocean. _ Its yellow tint 18 uo doubt due to the soluble soil and ‘he drainage from the marshes which eurround it. Nothiog can be more complicated than the hydi y of this iittic corner of the globe, where the capricious waters percoisve slowly from lagoon to iagvon, and seem torun athwertof each other in their devious courre. Daring the dry season, notwithstanding the oom- plication of waters, one may travel by land without dan- , Provided he is reagonabiy familiar with the couutry; Eix’shen tho raion act in, every channel everilows, and the ground gradually cisappears undor a tangled network of creeks and lagoons, through which passage is impowai- Die except in canoes, and then only witu the aid of prac- tised guides. At this season, one may travel from the Usumasinta to the Tabasoo, and from thencs to Obilte- peque, uninterruptedly by water. The principal river of this region is irdogh a umber ef chances, the ‘largest the sea tl yh a puml 0 5 ingest of which, cailea lio Palivada, dows into the Lagoon of Yrerminos. It constitutes & commercial cantre celebrated througheset the Gulf, although its existeuve 13 almost unknown in Europe. In the eyes of the locai navi- gators nothing can compare with ft. Its basin, the cances ‘which traverse it, and the cutting and transportauon ef the dyewoods on its shores, comprise, according to. their notions, the extent, wealth, and movement of the whole commercial world. Besides the swordfish and the different species of sharks which swarm in it, may alzo be secn, when the waters are still, the veracious ray fish, often of gigantic size, called, in this country, manta. It m dreaded by fishermen, and they rarely succeed in capturing it According to their account, it awaits its prey quietly uater ‘the shadow of aquatic piants, and after seizing it smothers it between the lobes of ita fing, as batween the folds of a mantle or mania. @n the inner or continental shores of the Lagoon, the dominion of savage nature commenscs. Dangerous animale infest the woods; reptiies twine them- selves around the trunks of the trees; thé atmosphere is alive with insects; and man himself i3 no longer master ef creation, but & bewildered wayfarer, who journeys, with furtive steps, amidet a thousand dangers. ‘THM RIVER USUMASINTA, ‘We had now traversed the region of lagoons, and fairly entered the river. Its banks were abrupt, and componod of asoil half vand, half clay, Where the shores wore flat, they were covered with reeds and long grasa, while bere and there they were nificently shaded by forest trees. Between these walls of verdure might be geen the Diue perspective of the lagoons, terminating in a dum belt of distant forests. As we advanced, vogetauien assumed &® more and more interesting appearance. As one ad- vances towards the interior, great willows with trailing branches, gigantic bamboos, beaut!tul eyperaoce or aniges resembling the papyrus, aquatic palm trees with deir slender stems, the cecropia with its immense leaves—all wpite in ornamenting both banks of the river. Besides these, masses of verdure, spangled with bunches of viciet flowors, prodigious white tree trunks, and vines sender and delicate as the rigging of a ship, continually present themselves to the eye. lobserved, other beaatifil trees, the palm, with its graceful branches bend- ing over the water. Its fruit is acidulous, and of the shape and size cf an acern. Itis much sought for vy emicren, and is not without its appeal to the traveller. A great variety of birds enjoy their existence in peace in these tudes. Among them is the ibis, with ite briiliaat pin- mage, the aramus with ite ringing vows, and the blue por phyro, calied by the inhabitants gallo de Monleztma (Mon- tezuma’s chicken). ‘The kingfisher, with its ringed neck, is also found here, of much larger size than with us, It flutters continually over the water, while the falcon, ut- tering piercing shrieks, plunges euddenty into the river, rises perpendicularly with ite prey, and then whirla itself ‘Upwards high in the air, until almost lost to the view. Io contrast with these pleasant rights, we fanciod that wa discerned numerous alligators, metionlessly watching us from the skores of the lite coves of the river—but thon ft was almost impossible to distinguish theas amphibious monatera from the uprooted trunks of trees, which tne river had covered with its slimy sediment. Reposing oo the deck, wrapped in my cloak, I enjoyed with rapture a view truly enchanting from {ts novelty, and sufficiently exciting to make wp for the lack of aggociations. During the whole of my journey theee pleasnrable emotions con tinved; my interest and curiosity were constantly excited, for I was travelling towards the vnexplored and uuknown; and, always excepting thefimpreesion produced by my first view of the New World, I mnst suy that the scenes on the Momirngeet Y wee Lrg! grandeur and primitive poetry, have le © OBS found and lasting impros- sions on my mind. _ alee TRE RUINS OF Pal Woe passed a fortnight in the solitades of Palenque, the remembrance of which will never be effaced from my memory. We hunted, we spread snares for wild animals, ¥e collected plants, shells and butterflies, of which there ere infinite varieties, without ever becoming weary of « miring the beauties of naturo or of wandering amoag the ruing which bave kept the secret of their origin sd h green and purple dragon flies darted about in rapid and caps clous fight. The gnats, at the same time, emerged . acne one nepeeneeeneeeeedt ES SE Naa Seti NAS SE es ha SOR SEE TE a a ES EE RS a ee ee eee eee ee pom ee ee \ Bice RT IS BD. AE Si NGG Dy Sle OE RES SEES SEMPRE SE Sis RR Renae Se oa eS aa a Se eker commenced his ringin, ying tre’ of sights and 8 of life and motion. But af mi everything became asgain silent and motionless; animation seemed suspended beneath the ardor of the folar rays, notwithstanding the impenetrable mass of ver- dure which arched over all; and only the monotenous murmur of the river, which flows at the foot of the rains, broke the death-bke silence. LOGWOOD AND LOGWOOD CUTTINGS. The dye wood of Carapeachy, which the Enalish call logwood, the Spaniards palo de inta, and to which savants rae ee the barbarous sppellation ca heer Cam ianum, is a tree of medium si peculiar ap- pearance, attaining a height, uader favorable circum- stances, of from twelve to thirteen yards. The trunk is auch gnarled and full of irregular cavities. The leaves are pinnated; the small ones never fall off, and all are smooth and heart shaped. The flowers are small, yel- Jowieh in color, and hang in bunches from the ends of the branches. The fruit is a very flat, lanoeoiated huak, eon- taining seeds which are eaten by fowls, ax, in fact, are these of almost all tho vegetabies and fruits that are found here. The foliage of the logwood treo is of dark green and very luxuriant. During the early period of ite growth it fornis thickets quite similar to thoze of the haw- thorn, but as it developes it gathers tn impenetrable monsses. In the forest it takes ontire posseesion of the ground, which remains without vegetation under its shade. It is found on rocky mountains ag well ason the alluvial plains, but it grows better on humid, deep soil which is periodically inundated by the overflow of the rivers. Its growth is rapid, yet its wood is bar, compact, and can be long preserved under ground, It ‘8 cut down when it attains ten years’ growth. Relieved from its shadow, the ground soon becomes covered with auursery of young plauts, which ouly need light and air to reach’ maturity. Industey can never imitate, in this reepect, the economy of nature. The English vainly en- — red, noe Soe ogg 4 and in various other of clr traneal possessions, pagate this precious tree, which, In its “wild state’ fodrishes on the toet ont friendly soil. The bark of the logwood is of durk color, and the thin and yellowish sap contrasts strovgly with the reddish shade of the heart, which darkens rapidly when it comes in contact with the atmosphere. This el of color, however, is only superficial; for when the billets have become faded by long expozure in a warehouse, the vender slways chips off their surface before delivering them toa purcbaser. I must add that the principal dye is not red, like that of the Brazil wood (casatpina), with which it 6 sometimes confounded, but is black, shadiag on purple. The tree secretes, in addition, a reddish and traneparent substance, analogous to gum Arabic, which, it ig eaid, fixes the color ia the dyes. The forests of Tu: basco and Yucatan, where the logwood troe abounds, are interspersed with the lagoons, which, during the sea- son of the floods, almost always communicate with navi- gable streams. The wood can therefore be cheaply trans- ported from place to place; yet no words can convey an idea of the ignorance and carelessness with which this traffic is carried or. There is a total absence of efficient or ecopomical management. The proprietor reposes a carclees confidence in his woodcutterz, who receive a real for each quintal of wood delivered at the point of em- barkation. These men roam over the forest, selecting and cutting down such trees az please them, according to their caprice or conveniense. * * * The wood is cut down and barked with an axe. It has been vainly attempted to substitute the saw for this iostrument, which would faci- Iitate the work and perform it more evenly; but the aver- sion which the Indians feel to amy mnovation bas pre- vented its adoption. The great inconvenience arising from their mode of operation is the irregular shapes which the weod takes under their hands, and which pro- vents its being stacked with ease. Furthermore, in- stead of cutting down the tree from its root, as ought to be done, they cut it a i rob or more from the ground, where the trunk is ner and more even, in order to save labor and to avoid the knots and protu- berances which prevent it from being readily stripped of its bark. There is something quite sad in this practipe of leaving a portion of the mutilated trunk still standing, the most important part of the tree, by the way, aince it ie well known that the stumps thus left never again send out vigorous sboota. kts high time that some intelligent Proprietor should effect a reform in thie respect. The re- ‘venue obtained from the cuttings might thus be doubled, and the buriners of wood cutting, by careful management, might then be saved from the ruin which now menaces it. ‘Me cutting of the wood commences with the dry season, when the water begins to fall and navigation becomes in- texrupted. With the rise of the waters transportation ts resumed, and the accumulated stock is rapidly cleared off. In favorable lecalites, where navigation is continuous for the whole year, the cutting of the woot gors on steadily, without regard to the seasons. Few establishinents, how. éyer, aro thus advantageonsly situated. In mostof’ them the wood, after beng cut, is dragged down to high water mark on the streams and lagoons, whore it awaits the Tiodical rise to be floated out to the embar 10 traffic might be made constant in nearly all cases by the construction of roads, the removal of bars, or tho deepen- ing of channels, but the inhabitants of these countries pre- fer to wait on Providence to exerting themselves on enter- prises of this kind. They have no means of transportation except such as nature affords them iy. This fact sbould not be forgotten in judging of the merits of those numerous scbemeslot emigration which are constant- ly paraded befcre the public, and in which go much stress 18 laid on geniality of climate and productivenese of soil, without one word being said of the difficulties in the way of carrying them eut, and which more than nullify the advantages which they are presumed to offer. ‘The vest cuttings are situated in the swampy plains of Yucatan and Tabasco, and extend from the coast of the Gulf to the base of the mountains. Their products are sent by way of the island of Carmen and La Frentera to the point where the veseels from Europe come to receive them. The value of the wood, when put on board, varies from three to ten reals the quintal. At ten reals the vender realizes an im- mense profit, but it isa price rarely obtained. Whon a Proprietor has not au! ‘own accomnt, he sells out his cuttings, reserving one-third of the product, in kind, The conaitions of this contract differ from those of a similer chararter with us. There is no land disposed of, only the right of extablishtzg a car- tain number of wood cutters for a certain time on the Property. We might continue these extracts and accompany our traveller through the ferests to Itza and Peteu, but the in- exorable limits of space forbid. The passages quoted will show, however, that his narrative is equally pleasing, picturesque and instructive. An Errrome or Brairawaire’s Rerrosrecr. By As G. Wells, M.D. Part I. New York, Jan. A careful examination of this volume will satisfy the reader that, as a book of reference for the medical prac- titioner, it ts likely to prove most valuable. Asa con- densed encyclopadia of medicine, in which monographe are rendered of practical utility, as an éndea rerum in the modern improvements of modicine, sifted from one of the ‘best medical journals now published, it commends itself by its accuracy and completeness. The typography and getting up of the work are excellent, amd ita price places it within the reach of every physician. NEW MUBIC. Under the title of ‘The Amateur,” Mr. Theodore Hagen has published @ collection of the choicest specimens of modern pianoforte music, which have been classified and corrected by the autherand Mr. H. A. Woilexhaupt. No. 63 of “Our Musical Friend” comtains songs by Hatton, Linley and Stoepel; a Cupid Walla, by Kullak; and St. Valentine’s Day, a redowa, by Fradel ‘We have received from Horace Waters a collection of sacred melodies, consisting of solos, duets, trios, quartettes and choruses, arranged by Auguetus Cull. ENGRAVINGS, Mr. Jackman, of No. 488 Broadway, has published a fine mezzotint engraving of a picture by Fredericks, illus- trating a scone from the popular novel of “The Heir of Redeliffe.”” Shrovetide, or Pancake Day. In the good old times—even before this magnificent con- tinent was known to Columbus—this day was celsbrated as Shrovetide in ‘merry England,’? auld Scotia, fair Hi- dernia, and almost all other Catholic countries. Wo have not yet quite forgotten the fine old customs at that time peculiar to this “tide” or season, and still ‘Pancake Day” is kept up to a certain extent by families of the old stock, whose quaint ideas have not been swept away by the inroads of @ remorseless progress. But little more than the shadow remains now; the rich old games, and sports and frolics, hayo nearly all passed away, and with them, it must in fairness be added, much that ought not to be regretted—much that was not merely silly, but cruel and brutal. Shrovetide is derived from two old Saxon words, shrive, to confess, and tid, time or season, it occurring immedi- ately before the first day of Lent, or Ash Wednesday, on which cocasion if used to be customary for all Catholics to make a clean breast of their peccadilloes, by confessing to the priests of their respective parishes, and receiving abeotution thereafter. In Great Britain, England particu- lazily, the custom was observed with oonsiderabie rigor, the public bells were rung from ten o’clock in the moga’ ing until sundown, for the pnrposze of reminding the pecple of tbeir duty. Hence tho namo of Shrove Tuveday, or Confeesion jay, as it was hkewise called in many purts of England, The bell rung on tho day was termed pancake bell, for reasons which will be inferrea from what follows. Alter having thus received spiritual comfort from their ghostly advisers, tho aitatrs of the body were next looked ww, and a variety of feasts and sports anocecded. Tho “pancake” formed a great feature in the fest fact, it was the ineituuon of the day. In Pasquil’s «Pah. nodia” we are told that on Shrove Tuesday every sto. ‘Till it can eat no more, Is fritter-filled, a3 well as beart can wish; And every man and maide doe take Ler tuene, Aud toese their pancakes up for foare they burue; And all the kitchen doth with laughter sound, ‘To see the pancakes fall upon toe ground. Cook fighting, pitching at hens and capous, snow balling, foot balling, fantastic processions, and a vast amount of other tom foolery , were among the amusoments induigedia by the people formerly. “Threshing the hen’ consutated one of Moet common fooleries. It consisted of the following ceremonies:—An old hen—generally a good for nothing animal, who laid no eggs, or was for some other reason despised—was procured aud tied to the back of a stalworth youth, covered with horse bells. A number of wild scamps, having supplied themselves with forint? able boughs, were then bindfolded by their sweethearts and permitted to strike at the hen as beet they could guided by the jingling of the belis occasioned by th jumping to luce the blows. Whichever of the ieliows succeeded in hitting and thns killing tho unfortunate hen, was declared daly entitied «» carry oft ‘the mutilated animal in triumph. This practice was attended with much merriment, and it was aleo customary to presemt the peor dead hen to th» damsel who was ix the habit of Jaying abed longest tn th capital to cut the wood on his | i | ove exception, feel toward our mornings. It is unnecessary to state that some! old custome, particularly the eating ebserved in this country. ‘ Finding the ring’? Ie one of the pleaantest amusements, and lucky is be who, out of the pile of savory cakes, succeeds in gotting the one in which the ring is concealed; for bofore another year rolls round, according to ap old tradition, he ie sure to be wedded. Sbrove Tuesday is also somewhat celebrated as @ day for tieing the silken cord of matrimony. During Lent no marriage can be solemnized, vo the day before is generally largely availed of by the lads and lasses who feel the tender persion, and more weddings take place on that bes ogre perbaps on any other during the whole year. t thie notice of Shrovetide is growing too prolix, and £0 we conclude with wisbing everybody plenty of pan- cakes, and the clergymen as many happly couples aa they can attend to, TROUBLE AMONG THE HEBREWS. Protest Ag a B Iexaclite: Toward the latter part of November, 1859, a meeting of Celegates from several lerweittic cov, wok place im the ey of New York, who elected trom among them- relves & certain number, to officiate so-called \ Board Cf Delegates of American Ierwebtes.”” The cail which ema pated from the originators of this scheme, inviting the oo- operation of the congregations, was issued in the same month, and containes no satiefuctory intimasion of the plan to be recommenced, but volunteered the assurance that no interference with te internal administration of the syna- gognes was contemplated. This hasty proceeding, aud in view of the very small pumber who took part in it, a most presumptuous undertaking in an affair of such great portance, caused no little surprise. But the sensation which it produced very soon gave way to a feeling of a3- tonishment. The published minutes of the said Board iiftea at ence the veil which till then had hung over its doings, and revealed in the most glaring contradiction to its iormer promise pothwg less than the intention of erecting @ hierarchy which would bind in degrauing fet- ters Judaiem ana st followers in this land of liberty, and assume functions which plainly medaie with civil rela- tops. According to the said proceedings it is intended to éstablish “a court of arbitrauoo for adjustment of cisagreements between individuals or corporations, aud thereby avoid the necessity ot recourse to courts of law.” It is Surther contemplated ‘to bring about 48 8000 aa pos- sibie the election of a highly qualided ecelesiasucal board, to be composed of three learned rabbies or more, whosha!i be regarded as the expounders o/ cho law for the Isralites of the United Stas, wo introduce, if possible, @ uni formity in conducting the service of the synagogues, without making apy changes in the accepted mode of prayer;” and fiually to put the religious training of the American Jewish youth ag well 45 tue management of tue charitable institutions of the country under the restraint of some superior authority. ‘Whereas, it couid hardiy fail that a number of ocongre- gations would immediately oppose the formation of a sek- constituted organ for the Jewish communities, which, whilst it disavowed at its inception the preponderance of the religious element, exposed our oo religionista to the +uspicion of harboring, at least in an indirect way, exclu- sive political tendencies—we now 1a the face of their un- dieguised designs of tne pri measure, cannot any longer ignore Ube obligation of eotering our open and de- cided protest against it, for the following reasons:— 1. Any kind of ecciesiastical ruie, which in this case is intended to be carried ont to its fullest extent, revolts against the spirit and essence of Judaiem. This confers upon each of 18 followers an equal priestly dignity—ac- knowledges no other authority but that of the Bible and history—prefers the bastard, learned in the law, to the idiot of priestly extraction, and not only permits but de- mands of every member of the *‘nution of priests’’ a tho- «rough rearching of the Holy Scriptures. crude and ‘unripe intellectual state primitive people, like the an- cient Hebrews, whilst yet sunk in heatheniah }) Fe quired a epecial priesiiood as guardians of the doctrine, and the dispensers of tha law. But very soon there manifested itse:f in the pergons of the the native encrgy of the free unietiered mind, stroggiing for its rights against hierarchical restraint and the petrifying effects of mgd forms of la Already at the time of the second Terople the process of withdrawing the law more and more from the iuilueace of the priesthuod wag put in Operation by the institudon of the Sopherim ita teachers ‘and expounders, and thus the path was cleared for the admission of the private right of searching the Holy Scripwres. It remained only with the reserved right of tbe Sanhedrim at Jerusalem to pars decisions of a geno- Tally binding force, and to secure @ uniformity of religious Practices. After its abrogation it repeatedly occurred tbat the various schools of learning maintained conilicting views on very important points which often extended also to matters of practical life. (Mum. Mamrim 1, 1—4) Even the Sanhedrin originally exercised its fanctions as a mere law tribunal which enforced legtlative enactments that included also religious ordinances. The fall of the Jewish commonwealth shook the sanbedral institution to ite very founcation. {t was still partly retained en ac- count of the deplorable condition of the nation which had been forcibly wrenched from its long accustomed sphere of life. But the severe persecutions, the want of a well ordered system of traditional , and the preva- Jent upsatiefactory mode of calendar. for the determination of the holidays, contributed most to the preservation of a central religious body. When at jas,t au: the course of a few centuries. the peopie had become familiar with their new position—the ‘Mishoa deing Low collected, and the calendar reckoning placed on a definite basie—the last vestiges of the Sanbe- Gra] power vanished with the Patriarchate, and thus at least full scope was afforded to further advances on the exietivg groundwork, This geries of historical events will ot courge receive a different interpretation when consi- dered trom an orthodox point of view. But, certainly nothing could be more ivimicable to the principles of or- tbovoxy than the thought of restoring a religious tribunal imet the Attempt ef Establish- rd of selegates of American em, and from the latter to succecdinggoouncils. Now, his Semicha ceased a few centuries after the destruction «f the tempie. The ‘‘Roard’’ would therefore be guilty of the grossett inconsistency if on the one side it its attachment to rabinnical Judaism to interéicung the change of a single cepted form of prayers, aud on the attempt the erection of an ecclesiastical board to the Israelites, in the capacity of ex) of and consequently be vested with Sanhedral po The Talmud a tiges ler agrdarypclns Israel of the day is unable to 2. It cam easily be foreseen that such a tribunal would widen and deepen the existing breach instead of religious life and union, besides the thousands of new The fact eanzot be disputed that’ ‘vast snajorty of Asser e fact cannot a vast meri- pegreryicmezes bed abandoned the cbsorvance of a@ more or jess number of ancient precepts and usages, at least in practice if not in principle. "The diferente of religious tendencies manifests itself almost exclusively in matters of public worship. In actual life bardly a trace of this ‘and the power of ine -efficient means, 9 those ee ae ve orders to their sub-pastors ana flock, and thee’ extabtish, a shameful system of wire-pulling? No, not in the electric flashes of enthusiasm, but im the de: thunderbolta of the ban would this new- fledged exhibits its workings. The lamentable results of such a demoralizing fervitude are not diflioult to foretell. Quarreis and bick- erings, batred and enmity without end in the bosom of the congregations, sevorance in large numbers from re- ligious associations, disgust and aversion for congregation- ai aflairs, if not, perbaps, for the institutions of Judais: in general. That it is here not intended todraw met tures of terror, it 1s only necessary to cite striking instance afforced by the action of Deputies for the British Jews. In. 1842 this ex- communicated, in virtue of ite assumed religious authori- ty, the West London Synagogue for having in- troduced some trifling reforms. The offlcers of the hew sypagogue threatened to bring this case before a Proper tribupal or the Parliament,on account of the Jegal disadvantages which this excommunication wonid ‘The incighation excited’ by this stempt to brand eT a8 beretics rao so high that of Liverpool and Manchester sent the infamous document back, whilst the oupgregation of Portsmouth ordered % to be sdermnly burned. (Jost’s Modern History of the lerac!- ites, II., 73-74.) There is reason to believe that this trapraction would have had the effect of dissolving the Board, had not its existence depended, like similar ones 1 other countries, on the relations established between Church and State—a condition of things which in this eountry is entirely out of the question. 3. In addition to the foregoing ,it must likewise be re- “membered that the “Board” is pot alone satisied with the prospect of being able to allay by means of the usurped power of ecclesiastical authority the great conflict of principles which at the nt moment agitates ail Israel, but it is aleo prepared toguppress every treo work- ing of the mind, and to covet the position of acting as the mainepring of a blind machine. Even deeds of charity are intended to be preecribed and regulated from abovo. Tho living stream of the noblest impuises of the human beart which our feilow believers in the United States havo €0 often and £0 brillianuy exhibited to the world, shat: bow be conducted into hier ceespoole. It is ditti- cult to comprebend how the thougtt could be entertained for an instant of urging upon freemen the exped: of submitting to a degrading state of tutelage. But far more dithicult ie it to believe that the authors of this scheme Gemecroungrae of ab inquisitorial tribunal within e area, jarity—a scheme more wort the of Loyola than the sovs of Abraham. ae mesa 4. The plan of a Conrt of arbitration forms not the least extracrdivary part of the Soard’sgrand project. Notoniy the religious affairs and pions offerings, Dut algo the civil and jucicmry§ nghtws of the Ieraelites are cesizocd tw be placed wider the wrate of this large-nearted parental “Board.” It is not easy to find an expression strong enough to stigmatize a measure which would eatab lich an exclusive Jewieh State within a State. The much slighted Jews who live uncer the Christian governments of Europe joyfully welcomed, without regara to the di. vergence of thetr rel opinions, the abrogation of s, cial Jewish courts of law, which removed to some extent the civil disabilities that are inseparable from their 6< sayy Uonal social and pohtical position. And in this diy.c uy favored republic, which acknowledges but one law a. One judgment for all, and whose institutions the gos the ancient covenant even in distant lands view wit: cular longing, leve and admiration—ought hore tha {are ites desire or dream of providing themselves witi bar Tiers and enclosures, and to long for separate juri i civil institutions? Why give an occasion to the § ing topgues of our opponents for questionfag trene love and attachment which all of te. «iho. common country, aid tai lend be meer pand y the sinister reproach, thai. ‘eapinit f exclusiveness and an upcongenial ic “ea of the Hebrew Pace? sa trae aa © editor of the Orcident, a Jewish r a Philadelphia, who is one ‘of the Vio Presidente my the “Board, ? and who took an active part'in its organiz1:iou Views this matter in quite a different light. am arti which appeared in the said paper of January 13, 1800, «a ‘Yeotures‘amongotner support Proposed por re aan. Oy America with ite free SUtutions is admirably calculated to foster ® mental inde Peudenee among the Promieed retarn to Palestine, where the Jewish iaw shall Sgain reeume its way, and regulate as of old all thei civil and religious relations. Such » lino of argumer ation has at least the advsatuge that it affords the expls ation how an ecclesiastical tribaval will gradually pay! the way for the advent of tne Great Sanbe:!rim at Jore salem; how @ special Uourt of Arbitration might remov aii pcesible obstacles ior the future reswration 0: ibe Mesaic and rabinnica! code of Jaws, and how bullaoll excou munication during the inetrim will prepare for Ube «ventua! introduction of the scourge wad theocratic of eapita) punishment, Flowever, the Israelites, who sider ther sojourn in the United States merely as a si in their t avel towards Jerusalem, may be easily count They would bave t» encounter the hopeless task of recom. cling the antagonism which obtaing between ry pic notien# and the entire absence in America of the cir. comstarces which a‘mitof the idea of exile or banish. ment. It sa wo'l known orthodox notion that the over of the latter js the most important ment of fitting the sufferers for the kingdom of Messiah, But be this as it may, ‘o be our sacred duty to make solemn declaration now, while the Joudly calis for ft, that in unison with hundredth of moor rp Terael |, we do uous, as the true consummation of the m demption; on the contrary, we hold that this solely con-| Fists in the agreement and conjunction of al] the ehildren| the Oaly One—| thix being truly the bleseing voushanfed to all tine fac of the earth through the descendants of Abraaam. We furiher declare, that whilst avowing our love for Paleatino| ## the cradle of our race and creed, we, nevertveless, do not soek there the aim of our histcrical miauion, but rather in every land where God bas sent us as| messengers of his word. We likewise dis- cern in the fact of this great and glorious republic a most. powerful ever for the furtherance of tho messiauie king- dom, inasmuch that neither monarchial behests nor priestly decretais can here suppress the struggte of mind | with mind—no sect and profession enjoy undue Prero- xatives, and where truth can pursue her triu course unmolested by external restrictions, We also live im the consoling hope that a future may be in store for Israel in tnis country. For here, like 50 where else, 8 are offered to Taagnify the name of our God be: eyes of all natiows. But this exaltation can only be accomplished if we let shine forth more and more the. least of permit no impedi- mept to obstruct the free religious developement within, itgown borom. Nothing cap be more detestable than. inded inetiturions which promote wncongenial ind ipelivations of exclusivenese, and that would endeavor to perpeiuste their baneful influences bythe fos- tering care of educational establishment. Netareiabued ‘with such a spirit will seek Israel's salvation in Jewish courts of law and a Jewieh papacy. If Judaism cannot bear the fresh and bracing air, where it is offred without Stipt and measure, and must, therefore, be subjected to close confinement by its own followers, thea, indeed, i were far better to order its {uneral than commit ie’ to prigon. A arPUTZEL Preucat of the eS Sngeapeee: . G. lent 0 H. 8. M. BROWNOLD, Secretary. Here follow the signatures of all the mombers of tho Bar-Sinai Congregation. —__., Sporting. TRE MATCH FOR THE CHAMPIONSHIP OF ENGLAND— THE BENICIA BOY AND TOM SAYERS—REPORT OF THEIR MEEVING CONTRADIOCTED—SAYERS EN TRADE ING AT BRIGHTON-—HBENAN IN THE COUNTRY—BBT- TING IN LONDON ON THE FIGHT—OPINIONS OF THE COGNOSCENTE OF THE RING—UMPIRE AND TRS EYSOM DEREY, ETC. As the match between the champions of Amerioa and England progresses; the intensity of the interest felt in tha result appears to increase. In England the excitement is greater, if that be posible, than in this country. There is scarcely a paper, daily or weekly, that does not allude to it in seme form or other. Even the London Morning Post, the organ of the beau monde, and the fashionable Journal of the aristocracy, sharing in the general feoling, and deeming the subject one of interest to ite readers, do. votes a column to @ personal description of the American representative of the ring, notes his dreas and addrees, narrates his history, and speculates on his chances of vie. tory in bis 5 ugilistic tournay with the champion of Groat Britain, The religious journals give their readers full par- ticulars of the match and of the men, and then piously express a bope that the “powers that be’ will interfere end,stop the fight. To the regular sporting press it has proved a perfect godsend, as they can scarcely supply the increased demand arising ont of the universal iuteress felt in the affair. The Benicia Boy has withdrawn from the temptations and attractors of London life, and is quietly rusticating in the country, in the neighborhood of Silsbury, ia Wilt- shire. He is doing regular, but gentle work at Present, as his raining preparation is already considerably advanced, aad there is no uecessity for hurry. His opponent, Sayers, after giving an exbibition at Rugby, about sixty miles from Londou, on the 80th ultimo, proceeded to his native place, for the purpose of in ‘' luvigorating effecus of sea bathing. Aftor afore. night spent in this msuner, he would remove to his favo- rite training quarters at Newmarket, where he will use exertion to get himeelf into the perfection of condi- tion before the cuntest with his gigantic opponent on the 16th April next. The pext aeposit of the vtakos takes place at Nat Laugbam’s, in Castle street, on the 22: inst., the birthday of Washington having unintentionally and by a curious coincidence been fixed upon for the purpose. It ie not anticipated that either Sayers or the Benicia Boy ‘will be present on the oocasion,as they will have fairly commenced their important task of training. ‘ ‘The report of Heenan and Sayers having met at Owen ‘Swifts, cn the Savurday evening after the arrival of tho former in London, aud which we gave on the authority of the Booriing Ede, proves to bave boos unfounded. The ‘wo champions have never yet met or soen each other. The editor of Bell’s Life states that on the day in question the Benicia Boy callea upon Oven Swift, and an appointment to meet Sayers the game wvening. who promptly attended, but Heenan did not put in an appear- nce, and Tom was egain disappointed. There wc feoling prevailing among the London sporting men that Sayers bas been treated with marked discuurtesy by roan his agent. It is the customary practice for lwo men matched to fight to meet together and each other, either at the time af signing articles ae or at one of the appointed perioas of Present time Heenan has been kept careft any place where there was a chance of meeting Tom Bay- ers, and it appears that the appointment made ny Heenan ‘himeelf to meet the tormer at Owen Swift's was not kept. It is well known that the agent of Heenan was treated with the greatest courtesy by Sayers, who took him at, therefore, that his conduct and that of hig y to Sayers, in thus Sedulously avoiding an intarrieatabe should pe ot omg fa their part and uncour- in Sk @ppoaran very quict while he was in the city, by accident in the Haymarket. I think ho look: condition than when I’ saw him fight Morrissey ia Canga.’” Sayers has not yet axed rely trainer. He Jack Hamilton (who trained Morrissey for his nght with the «Magnesia Boy,” as some wiil persist in terming tum) accompany bim during bis preparation, but the later was unable to comply. xe will, however, aet as one of a coe tpn 4s he bas aeen the “Boy”? uso 8 digits, ice will, no doubt, Gn that momentous occasion nae et PR cares The canard respecting the illnees and death of Umpire Produced a mere momentary effect oa the betting. Tho bookmakers at Tattersall’ were sby of ‘dettiog against. him, and when two or three of toe American horse's iriends, whove conficence in his powers waa not sbaken came to bie wid apd backea him boldly, he reamed his porition ae first favorite in the nto oue being the bighest offer against him. Fernando Wood and the Plutiorm of the Seemocratic Party. Mere [From the Cuari-ewou Mercury, F J ir. Fernando Wood is ated by a Democratic - Vention ‘ately held at Syracuse, New Yoresa amie represent the State at large at the Charlestun Ovavenuion. Mr. Wood took the occasion W dviiver a sound vemocraue speech. Ho is obviousiy po Dongias democrat—no dodger or equivocator on irsuea. Ie is agaist “* ayail- abinty.” He is against ‘a compromise of principles.’” He is for “a platiorm of principles which wilt recon- Struct the national democratic party, and as thie rosuit in Cependent upon the success of this reorgscized and re- constructed party, fo will it rest with that Onavention. whether we shall have a party at all. This is exoellont.. This is all the Southern righis’ party of the Souta requiro. of the Convention. Let the Charleston Coaven tan repa~ Gate “availability” and all compromises of principies, It it Trorganize and reconstruct the demooratc D4 ty, and thus make mt (what it ig not now) @ party”, by a plain platform of principles: apd the nomiase of ibe Convention for the: Presidency and Vier Peeidency ot the United State will most propably oerry for it# can- idates a united South. We give the conclading words of Mr. Wood's speech. Wo trust the whole will enp- port them:— “But, my friends,twe are to proceed to Charleston to lay cown @ platform of principles aod to select standard bearers for the contest of next November. Selected aa the representatives of the natioaal democracy. pure and simple, tbe part we abail act in constructing thai spd in the creation of thoge cantiGates, will redou the glory or the shame of those whose’ agents wo are, ‘Toe history of the cemocratic party furnisnes no parailot to the condition of things 88 now existing. At no period pnee the poundation of the government bata Presiden- weet prevented A Similar issyo oF involved a similar ‘erstion. For the first ime there is but one issue, weve is Me or death, Such stapendous cons». Lever before were depentent upon the actiog of Aparty, as it were, to be reconstructed by ths Nattoxva! Convention about to assemble; and aa this reguit w cepencert vpon the Kuccess of thie reorganized and re- constructed party, 80 will 4 rest whh that