The New York Herald Newspaper, January 23, 1860, Page 2

2 NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JANUARY 23, 1860. asiness in which the aid of machinery is not callod n° From the time that the elepbant’s tusk is first placed fm the mills in its original hard and roagh condition to the moment that the ivory is ready for civilized use, ia the form of piano keys or combs, the powerful aid of machine almost altogether dispeuses with manual operations. form of manufacture in this establishment is very interesting, and would amply repay a visit, as an evi dence of the precision and regularity with which machine- ry may be made to act for the beuellt of the human race. ‘The ivory used in this establishment is imported entirely from the east and west coast of Africa, and the greatest care, skill and attention are necessary jn preparing it for manufacture. In former times a sheet of ivory—that is, ivory in the form of lovg slips of cloth—was looked upoa 8 simply an impossibility. The elephant’s task could never be found large enough or solid enongh from which any very wide sbect of ivory could be cut, But now, by ‘the wonderful improvement of machinery, the tusk is in- troduced into # patent lay, and by a circular movement strips of ivory like sheets of paper are obtained of any Jength or breadth. The coast ivory is considered the best for the finer descriptions of manufactures. Jt is not as full of spots and stains as the tusks from the east coast, and there is a great dif- value of the two descriptions of the article. The capital of this com- pany is $176,000, and there is not the least doubt that they are ariving a very profitable trade. They not only supply the several States of the Union with manufactured ivory, but they also export large quantities to Europe. establishment is as perfect as it can well be. Some | years ago they were completely burnt out, just as they bad set up an immense establishment with very valuable machinery, and the loss then sustained was very great. Now they bave taken the precaution to erect iron safes in | which they keep their large stock of ivory in its native state. Their bleaching houses—eight in number—in which | there is constantly kept an immense stock of sheet ivory, | of every possible width and strength, are perfect curiosition inthemselves Some of these houses are overffour hun- dred feet long, and tn many places I saw ivory which had | been bleaching for two years and was now as white as | snow. The younger Mr, Pratt, a very polite gentleman, | ™ kind and obliging in giving me all necessary informa: | It would be impossible in an ordinary letter to speak of | all the factories established in this thriving and boaatifal place, or to evter into a detailed narration of the modus operandi by which their mauafactures are initiated and gradually brought to perfection, it must suflice to say that in every manufactory in Connecticut the greatest order, Tegularity, industry and perseverance are observable, and unless the manufacturers should determine to follow the suicidal policy of etanding in the way of their own inte- rests, there cau be little doubt that afew years hence the population, wealth and inilu of Meriden will more ‘than doubled y strokes of the the rumbling sound of steam ma- um of active industry, and the un fall these elements of labor combined, are town from morning to night. Very’ fre- quently, too, the poor factory girls may be seen tolling at their needles by the dim light of their vestal lamps. No idlers are geen roaming thro’ the town—no mendicants are encountered on the highways—but everything beto kens conteutment and prosperity, because industry finds pation and labor is fairly rewarded. How long would this continue if the great bulk of onr Southern trade should be cut off What would become of these thriving manufactories, these splendid buildings, this happy body of peaceful and industrious operatives? Tho answer is easily found. The manufacturers, however, do not intent to quarrel with their best friends and eus tomers, but are rather determined to maintain ipvio- Jate, as far as Connecticut, and Meriden especially, are concerned, the rights and privileges of every fraction of the repubiic. At least this appears to be one of the re- sults which have flowed from the Convention of Wednes- day last. To do this practically the true reform must take place at the bollet box, and’ there is every indication that a strong democratic reaction is about to set in. In | former years the democracy beld undisputed possession of power in Meriden, and sh* republicans only fought with them as a mere matter of form, being always snre of de- feat. This continued for a long time, until through inter. pal discords the democratic party fell into error and trouble, and the republicans, takibg quick advantage of their opportunity, rallied their forces, fought a desperate fight, and won a great vicwry. This was some four or iive years ago, and since then they have tenaciously held their ‘ground, de- spite of many efforts to displace them. But the’ bold stand taken by the democrats on Wednesday has com- pletely obfuscated them. They are now in the most ter- Tible fright, anticipating their final overthrow and di comfiture in a community ta which they have long exer- cised the chief power. Thore are several manufacturers here, who have hitherto contributed to the success of re publicanism, who intend to vote warmly with the demo: crauc party in future; and as these gentlemen exercise Mite influence among the large bodies of yoting opera. tives in their employment, every secession from their ranks to the democratic ‘side ‘mi a heavy blow to blawk republica: hypothesis in this assertion, for Ihave had it from some oi the wealthiest and most influential manufacturers of Meriden. One of these gentlemen assured me that he | is thoroughly disgusted with the constant cry of “Slavery, | slavery,” and he would feel great pleasure in joining a | party that would leave this vexed question alone aito- | gether. Other gentlemen of wealth and fnfluence have | candidly confessed that, through their own neglect, the | Tepublican party haye-made some neaiway; but at the | same time they have stated their determiuation not to rest satisfied until the principles of right and justice shall | triompb, and for this purpose they will in future operate | with the naiional democratic party. All national | republicans bere are going over to the right side, | and republicanism in Meriden will soon be at an end. ‘The post office in this town isa very creditable instita- tion, and is conducted on principles of regularity, order and propriety that would do credit to many metropolitan cities. Mr. Guy—the father of the Meriden democracy, a banker and director of a fire insurance company—is also the vominal postmaster of the town. The emola- ments, however, fall to the gentleman who performs the active duties of the fice. This is Mr. Samuel Morgan, « young man of pieasing deportment, quiet manners and Unobtrusive gentiity. Considering the comparatively small population of Meriden, it must appear that business is very active there when I state that the emoluments of such a small office amount to something like $1,500 or $2,000 per annum. Cortainly, the place is not a sinecure, and whoever thinks it is 20 ha'l better try it. | and newspapers. | and “Bloody Night Gown’ style of composition was | it is a signal that the meeting was packed—tha! the I visited the State Reform School to-day. It is a solid brick building, very commodious, and pleasantly situated | on the top of a rising hill. At present there are not many } inmates in the institution. Sometitnes it contains more than | three hundred boys, but many of the old inmates, having served the period allotted for their reformation, have ‘been discharged. The institution has for some time euf- fered greatly in public estimation, and the State Legisia. | ture bas consequently been unwilling to support it to the | fullest extent. Stili, there can be no doubt that itis a | valuable establishment. The refractory boys who are sent there are trained t> walk in the paths of virtue and morality, and they are made to learn some trade that will be useful to them in after life. They are compelled to pursue habits of constant industry, frugality and propriety. They | ‘cultivate the soil, plant their own food, reap and garner it, They make their own clothing, wash and mend it. ‘They are taught to retire to bed early and to arise in eea- | dy fon to the resumption of industrial tasks. They make | their own beds, clean their own rooms, wash their own linen, cook their own victuals, bake their own bread, nd, in short, minister to their own necessities in every form. Many of them are good and expert workmen at ‘various branches of mechanical art. There is a large schoolhouse and a chapel attached to the Reformatory, which are always filed on the Sabbath, as well | @s on other days of the week. There are a | few black boys in the institniion—about five or | six—but no distinction is made between them and the white children. The doctrine seems to be that crime equalises ail classes aud conditions of men; for no one is admitted to the institution who has not been guilty of some offence against public morals. In cases where juvenile offenders come before the courts and are | convicted of crime, instead of sending them to peniten ries and prisons bardenec criminais, they are sent to this sehool for ve term, where they have the advantage of being educated | morally, artistically and religiously, while at the same time the purposes of a locus penttentir are fully supplied Under a recent iaw of the Siate Legislature a provision is made that parents having obstinate, rnde and unmanago- able children may place them in this institution under indenture for a certain number of years. At present there is a boy incarcerated there, who wi!!, when he at- tains his majority, come into possession of an independent fortune of nearly $50,000, and yet his parents have beo driven to the hard necessity of sending him to this pla to be reformed and kept out of the way of farther con- | tamination until he is found to be converted from his evil | ‘ways. His great failing is an irresistible desire of sum- marily appropriating anything that comes in his way, and, notwithstanding ali the eloria of his parents, they have been entirely unsuccessful in their endeavors toeradicate | these inclinations from his young mind. It is, however, | tifving to know that the discipline and teachings of the | eform School are producing @ salutary change in his | character. | A fire broke out in West Meriden this evening at about half-past even o'clock, and the ordinarily quiet town was s00n made to echo with the shouts of men hurrying to the scene of the burning, and the clanging of the’ vill | fire bells. The red giare of the conflagration cout be ‘seen all over the town, and considerable excitement pre- | ‘vailed until it bad been completely extinguished. he | place destroyed was a factory occupied by Mr. Oegood, and the loss entailed on the coucern is put down at $6,000; fully intured by Mr. Guy. While on this subject it may be mentioned there is an excellent engine and engine house in the town, but, through negligenco and apathy, there is no hose for working tne engine, and ‘thus it is almost as bad as ifthey had no engine at all. Jn a town where the houses and factories are almost alto gether constructed of wood, it would seem prudent that the means of preventing fires should be as perfect as pos- sible; whereas, for the want of a sum of about $500, which could be raised in balf an hour, they have virtuaily ren- dered the means of safety imperative. Another great want here is a supply of gas. The Streets after nightfall are as dark as Hrebus, and the paseing pedestrian can only pick his way through snow and ice by the dim glimmer of straggling lamps. In some places one must feel his way, as t 38 No pos- sible mode of seoing it. The str are also Dadly constructed and altogether untinished. There ‘ere neitber sidewalks, not carbstones, nor pave- | ‘ment of any sort, but one “ glittering generali- ty” of svow cove These are improve. ‘Mente v ‘ich doubtless will soon be made, and which will | Feacer +» town more comfortable and pleasing. ¢ the lavejUnion Manufacturers’ Convention, I | (yn the secessionists, separatists, or bolters, as heen called, fully triumphed io the end. Oa ‘0 stairs ‘@ new convention, ree as their chairman and Mr. Frary as while the republicans being left in a mi- Bority , had, a8 @ matter of necessity, to adjonrn, Decaus-, *+ they ait, “ there was nothiag before them.” hat toarcely vacated the upper room when the Possession of it, and here the meeting were fully carried out amil t epthusiasm. The biack republicans were tan ae they were vory quictl; 3m meeting adjourne? ami: hd Unon and the rer ar avention @ nember delegates supped ‘House, Mrs. Parker laid out a Champagne flowed ree wit and PI : g § Pi Patriowc: ci f berated above the lt #3 | 5 E i speeches were delivered, after which cheers were given for the New York Haratpand the Richmond Snquirer, and the party separated in great glee, with @ liberal dis- position to give awi ‘pe 4 to whoever they might moet. ‘Toe orbit Ce ay are, on the whole, very favorable, Mr. Rogers, tho Stipendiary Jusy: of tho Police Court and Coroner of the ion, date boat interesting infermation on this subject. He has so tom occasion to be severe in the administration of the law, and he thinks that the town can compare very favor sb!) with any other of the same size and capacity in the ¢ van condition of its criminal calendars. Ihave a word to say in reference toa statement pre- ‘viously made in your columns relative to the influence of a leading manufacturer of this place in causing the decline of cemocracy aud the advancement of thé republican ele ment. This bas created some stir, and a desire to kaow who is the manufacturer indicated. In justice to all par. ties, Ihave made inquiries, and find that thero is some | error in the statement. The manufacturers for tue most part disclaim apy such connection; and I may as well Mention that the gentleman on whom most eyes were sot as being the party indicated, bas solet assured mo ‘that there is no truth in the assertion; that he has ni Voted with the whig party; that his desire is and always bas been to be conservative in his views and actions, and that the Union sentiment of the country meets with his hearty approval. For my part I think that there is great sincerity in this statement, and as the geatieman in ques- tion wields great power aud influence in the town, I think be will prove his words by his deeds when the moment of action arrives. As a matter of course, the small try one-horse country reare sadly put out at the rosult of the Convention. ey are pitching into the Hexarp ia the most approved | Billingegate style, and J am really affraid that in the ab- sence of more lucrative employment they will be falling foul of each other, and the result of the conflict will cer- tainly be something like the contest between the Kilkenny cats. There area number of other interesting facts which I could mention, but I fear I have already extended my ob- | servations over an unaccustomed limit. From what I have said you may gather your own just opinions, as J have extenuated ni g nor set down aught in malice. ‘There is one circumstance which ought to be added in [pe of the people of Meriden. The best informants ave assured me that the town is about the greatest placo for reading in the whole State. The news agent, who has been settled there for fifteen years, does a business of over $6,000 per annum in the sale of periodical literature At first the “ Red-handed Taunderer” much in demand; but the taste ia now for historical and more solid information. The newspapers are avxiously looked for, and when receiyed are wellthumbed by Scores of inquisitive readers. There are in Meriden sevou physicians, four lawyers, with a tair proportion of clergy- men. There are also two prosperous banks, with a ca- pital of about $300,000, @ fire iusurance company, and many other evidences of prosperity and advancing wealth which time will not permit me to eblarge upon. MASSACHUSETTS. OUR SPECIAL CAMBRIDGE CORRESPONDENCE. Cammipcr, Middlesex Co., Mass., Jan. 18, 1860. The Irish Vote—Harvard University—The Republicans and Seward, &c, The black republicans would not haye a majority in this city were it not for the dissensions among the democrats. The point seems to be here: Some democrats, patriarchs of the party in this learned city—a city from whose love of wisdom and wit and philosophy the adjoining city of Boston has obtained the bonor and the re nown of being the “Athens of America’’—have suddenly spurred themselves to the conclusion that Irishmen are nobody, and that their votes are not wanted in apy election. To be nomingted for any office by a body of men wearing the coarse garb of iabor ers istobe nominated by the “d—d Irish;”? and ¢ nation must be repudiated, and the most foul, treacherous and cowardly means resorted to to cheat said nominee of the full party yote. Such a course naturally alienates the adopted citizens from the democratic party in this place; and if it do not finally disgust them altogether with the party as it is now managed or mismanaged, it will be owing to their spirit of forbearance alone. Cambridge is distinguished for its Harvard University, in which it is managed by a process peculiar to the Facul: ty, to manufacture old rascais in the shape of lawyers oat of young scamps in the shape of lively tempered youths. As a general thivg, the heads of the institution (with a fow honorable exceptions) are black republicans—some it is true, of a moderate type, ia consequence, probably, of the peculiar Suavity of the presiding officer of the Board of Overeeers. That guns would be fired under the big tree where Washington received his sword as Commander-in Chief of the Army of the Revolution, and that the head. quarters of tbe Father of his country, now occu: by “‘Chibiabos, the sweet singer,’’ would be brilliantly illumi- nated, and that the whole of College Green and Square and Circle, would be vastly jolly, in the event of the election of a black republican President, there ia no good reason to doubt. Nor woula it be a matter of surprise if Brother Burlingame, who resides on bis patrimonial estate nigh by, and who kilied four butfa- Joes at one shot only 800 miles this side of Pike’s Peak, a short time ago, and whc, like Haskin in the House of Re presentatives lately, ‘dropped his pistol” in a barroom fight in Leavenworth on his return homeward—It would not be a matter of surprise, we say, it Brother Burlingame | Would exult a little at the election of a black republican President, for it would pave bis way to the Gubernatorial chair of the Commonwealth—a very snug seat by the way. Yet it would all be a hoilow crow, if Wit. Seward should be the man. As smal) as some of the magnates of Har. vard are, they are not quite such small potatoes as to ex- | ult sincerely at the elevation of a man to tho Presidency | who is at once a disorganizer and the inciter of rebellion. If Seward be nominated, and there bo no third candidate, the ‘classic city” is just as sure to cast her vote for the democratic candidate as that the day of election arrives. OUR SPECIAL CHARLESTOWN CORRESPONDENCE. CHARLESTOWN, Mass., Jan. 19, 1850. How the Republicans are Divided. Ithas always been a question among the enlightened people of this intelligent precinct whether this city be- longed to Boston or Boston to them. In the dilemma they haye concluded to go it alone, and let the metropolis slide. Charlestown is famous for its saucy politicians, go- vernment navy yard, absurd opposition to horse railroads, and the Bunker Hill Monument. Charlestown is national, if not to the core, yet certainly inside the edges. Mayor Dana was lately re-elected, over a combination ef hostile forces, by the national men. ‘The adopted citizens of Charlestown have a strong power in the democratic party here, and they demand that that power should be reapected. The feeling among all ‘hes of the party, notwithstanding the power of the y Yard, is by no means cordial; but the Charleston nvention ‘may neal their differences, and the old stand- 701 | bys of democracy, under the shadow of Bunker Hill, &o ' again work together. The adopted citizens want Douglas— the other to get bim. ‘The black republicans are divided between Banks, Bates aud Seward: the majority seoms to be in favor the former; but, in any event, there is but a small portion of John Brown sympathy to crush out here in either case, ot much is heard of Helper or his book on Banker you might as well attempt to circulate succosstn’ rk in Charlestown, Virginia, as in some par c own, Maszachusetts, the Mouumentai City of the will take whoever is nominatod—aad be glad North. OUR SPECIAL DEDHAM CORRESPONDENCE. De Norfolk Co., Mass., Jan. 19, 1860. ‘ion of Abolition Tracts, de. ‘The “ irrepressible conflict” has had oue effectin town— which obtains no little importance from the fact that in it is located the county jail, and, therefore, is entitled, in its own modest circle, to some consideration, on the same score that the centre of the national government is at the present time, viz: that the Congressmen won’t pay their own nor allow the government to pay its honcet debts; | and hence the poor debtors are in durance. The effect of the irrepressible is this: the manufacturing interests {here look after No. 1, and permit Satan or Sheriff Adamsto take the bindmost. The business intercets of Dedham are invested in tan- ning: the manufacture of furniture of superior styles, fwell adapted to the Southern market, and in the manufacture of boots and shoes , The first and Jast of these occupations feel the effects of tho anti-slavery hubbub most sensibly, altbough there are some among those engaged in thom who are sound national men. The furniture manufacturers do not sufter by tue excitement, as they possess something of amonopoly in their business. In this town three-of the largest manufactories of furniture in the United States are joes Their goous are in high favor with the Southern. millionaires, planters, middlemen, hotel proprietors, &c. ‘two or three owners of the concerns have jast returned. from visits to the South, and their smiling Dbetoken their success. They are loaded with fresh orders. It may be c med a remarkable fact, but it is nevertheless true, the formture makers here are nearly al! national Cemocrats from principle and interest, and those engaged in the other large occupations are national men from in- wrest, but black republicans from principle. All the factories ia this town are well constructed build- . No accilent, except from fire, need be appre- bended. Tho inhabitants of the epper class aro rather ‘ste and exclusi but, Deyond that class, all hands talic politics like Christians (?) atthe Old Phoenix. The former take to lectures and scientific entertainments quite natn- rally, and the others take to their fan and their old rye theal ks if they were born for that purpose. , Abolition books and tracts are freely circulated here. ome read and a great many believe anti-slavery m: republican ticket, unless their friend and champion, N. P. Banks, is nominated. With but a few abolition excep: tions, they abhor Soward and his treasouable doctrines. OUR SPECIAL NEBDILAM CO! NOB. Neepaam, Mase 1, 1360. Peyer and Shoemaking Busines—Hon. . H. Rice— Hon. BE. Whittaker—Potitics— Where Governor Banks teas Apprenticed as a Machinit—His Maiden Speech— Enthusiasm for Banks—Seward Nowhere, &c. This is a town of no little importance in this part of Massachusetts, Tt bas as adjacent neighbors the towns of West Neodbam ana Newton Lower Falls—both enter- prising: places. There was formerly a cotton mill in this place, but it having been burned down, a paper mill has thrown | been erected in its stead. This and the adjoining towns are tamous for their paper mills. Those of the Hon. Alex. H. Rice, late Mayor of Boston, and at present a Sherman voter im Washington; Hon. John H. Wilkins, a Solon of the Masea- chusetts House of Representatives, and others, are located im this neighborhood. The pleasant Mr. Rice has reaped Fepcyecated, and anamber of | quite a foriane from the paper business, and has Tysided for some time past in elegant style in one of the court end squares in Boston. He ig@ very amiable ehen, and a black republican 80 far aa it does not ‘b his nerves to be 80. ‘Needham is also the residence of the Hon. E. K. Whit- taker, one of the staunch old style democrats; and if Mr. should run sbort of @ Collector of the port of Boston some fine morning, Mr. Whittaker might stand a | chance of filling the place. Mr. W. is now in the Boston Custom House. There are other good democrats here, eX: fellows, but in asad minority. Let a republican shake his bob-tall coat for a gathering, and acrowd is there, sure. But these republicans arg not of the Joho Brown sort, or profess not to be so. When the North Eiba assacein was hung by order of tho authorities of Vir- ginia, some one attempted to toll one of the chureh bells in this town. One stroke was struck, and then the striker was stricken—couscientiously, perbaps. But that bol! “didn’t toll any more.” Needbam is also famous for being the locality in which Governor Banks commenced the trade of ma- chinist, and the building yet stands. Tn after years, when ‘about nineteen years old, (¢ was in this vicinity he made his maiden speech before s public audienco—a temperance address, He was then a democrat, a promising one, truly, and remained so until he came to the conclusion that there was no use permitting himself to be dropped into a bucket, and allowed to swing to the length of some People’s rope and no further, ife therefore set up busi- bess for himeelt, aud it must be acknowledged be has suc- ceeded pretty well. In regard to the republican candidate for the Presi- dency, the republicans all around this region are tumul- tuoualy in favor of Seward is nowhere. Banks is tho idol of the republicans here, and is not at all despised be Fad people outside that party. Sewardism is overy- where coutemned, except, probably, by the uafortunate individual who und executed, ‘The cares of this be Piper the pean f r, is confined princi; hoemaking, an - eke They profees to have S53, littie fear of losing Southern custom, ag the commission houses to whom they sell their gooda are gener le. Some are sold on manufacturer’s account, but not many. ‘The town is a pleasant one, and in al) the elemen's of & thriving New England vil it cannot be surpassed. ‘There is not much talk about Helper’s book in this re- jon. The republicans do net desire to injure their causo yy advertising ultra measures at a critical moment like the present, and as they can from this quiet spot overlook the whirling political orbs with calmness, they have set- lertook to toll the bell when Brown was tled upon the conviction that Banks must and shall be tho bal ident, € the population of Necdham can elect im. MICHIGAN. OUR KALAMAZOO CORRESPONDENCE. Kaiamazoo, Mich., Jan. 18, 1860. Sentiment of Michigan—Republican Endorsement of Helper's Book—Douglas and Stuart—Sympathy Beween Them— Feeling among the Democrats—Sentiment of the “ Boneand Sinew" in Regard to Secession—Amalgamation— Fines Sor Marrying Negroes and Whiles—2he Mineral Wealth of Michigan—Its Eatent—Its Agricultural Resources—Uts Coal Mines and Plaster Quarrics—The Lumber Trade— the Wool Clip—Michigan the Third Wool Growing State in the Union— Principal Oities and Towns—Kalamazoo— One Hundred Guns for the Executuo of Brown, dc. 1 haye not been able, ag yet, to dad a single republican who condemns Helper’s book, but, om the concrary, every one who hat rend It speaks approvingly of it, and deciares itto be & book that every one should read. Ibave taken great pains to ascertain the sentiments of le relative to ubis book, and I must say that it is ‘and its circulation recommended, by the repub- Kicaps of Michigan. - From wat I can see and arn, 1 think there can be no question as to the disposition of the clectorat vote of the State in the coming election; and that it will be given to the nominee of the Chicago Convention I consider a foregone conclusion. Many intelligent gentiomen, however, well versed in political affairs, assure me that if Douglas receives the ‘nomination at Charleston he will secure the vote of Michigan. This I consider somewhat doubtful, although I believe Douglas would poll a larger vote, not only in Michigan, but through- out the Northwest, than apy other democrat in the nation. The Hon. Charles E. Stuart, ex-United States Senator, resides at this place, and since his retirement from oMce hag led @ quiet life in the enjoyment of domestic happi- bees and the society of his frends and neighbors. He meddies little, if any, in the affairs of the nation, and is considered a “shelved” politician. Should Douglas suc- ceed in obtaining the Charleston nomination, and be for- tunate enough to carry the election, it is quite Kkely that Mr. Stuart would receive substantial consideration at his hands, as a reward, if not of merit, for services rendered during the’ straggle upon the Lecompton question. Stuart is an out and out Deugles man, and entertains a very contemptuous opinion of Buchanan and his administration. The Michigan democracy are decidedly for Douglas, and their delegates at Charleston will press his nomination with zeal and determination; but 1do not anticipate that the result, be it what it may, will aftect their fidehty to their party. * ‘The “bone and sinew”’ of the State “scout the idea of a dissolution of the Union, and Jaugh at the heated tirades of Iverson, Gartrel! and their colleagnes, who preachjdis- uvion. “The expression of Senator Wade, that it the South. wait until a republican President 38 olected, before they withdraw from the Union, they will wait one day tooloag, is not without its significance, for there seems to be a fixed and settled determination among all pacties in this State to Oight, if necessary, before consenting to a dissolu- tion of the Union. Such an emergency is not anticipated by any consider- able number of the people of the Northwest; but, should it ever arise, Michigan will be prepared to meet it with the cannon or the balier. Amalgamation is a thing by no means uncommon in Mi- chigan; aud on more than one occasion have respectable white families been disgraced by the practical exempli8- cation of this disgusting Garrisonian doctrine. It finally became necessary, in order to arrest the spread of this system, to pass a law imposing a fine of $50, or imprisonment, upon every clergyman or magistrate tog, the marriage ceremony between two parties, the one black and the other white: but, not- ‘withstanding this restraint, there is occasionally found a clergyman 80 wrapped up in abolitionism, and 80 lost to all sense of shame, as to be willing to perform the de- rading rite. A reverend gentleman was recently fined $50 in’ Detroit for marrying a respectable white girl to a dirty, nigger. State of Michigan is divided into two parts, the upper apd lower Peninsula, and contains an ares of about 60,000 square miles. The northern or upper po- ninsula, lying between Lake Superior amd Lake Micai gan, abounds in iron and copper ore; but its vast re. sources have as yet been only partially developed. ‘About thirty companies, however, are now in success ful operation in the vicinity of Mackinac and Ontanagon, and the yield 1s said to be abundant. From the upper pe ninsula, with a small slice from Wisconsin, it is pro- posed to form the new State of Superior. The lower, or sonthern pepinsula, lying between Lake Michigan and Lake Huron, is rich ip agricultural resources, to the de velopement of which {ts inhabitants are chiefly devoted. Indeed, agricniture constitutes the prominent industrial interest of Michigan, although mining aad commerce each contribute ty to the wealth aud prospe State. At Jackson large beds of coal have bee the income from which will doubtless form a va’ tion to the State. At Grand Rapiis,on th river, vast quantitics of superior plaster are obtained. This plaster, when excavated in large bivcks, is used a3 a substitute for marble, which it much resembies in ap: pearance, in the construction of buildings, for monuments tombstones, and many otber purposes for which marble is generally used. When first taken from the quarry it is qnite soft and easily worked, bit exposure to the action of the atmosphere it is said rendegs. it hard and durable. Time and exposure, however, do not improve it in appearance, for it soon becomes streak- ed with yellow and reddish hues, neither attractive nor ornamenta!, Several buildings bave been constructed ot this material at Grand Rapids, and I am informed that more are td be erected in the spring. ‘The construction of the Detroitand Milwaukee Railroad has opened an extensive and valuable tract which was before almost a wildernces, and placed the Grand River valley in direct communication with Detroit and the East From the mouth of Graod river and alovg tho Kalamazoo large quantities of lumber are annually shipped t> Ilinols and Wis- copsin, where it finds a ready market AS a wool growing State, Michigan ranks among the first in the Union. Heretofore, Ohio has takeu the among tho wool growing States of the West, not only for quautity, but algo for the quality of the wool produced; but the clip of the last season has shown Michigan to be fully hor equa! in this respect. The income realized from the clip of 1859 is estimated at nearly $2,000,000. Fastern Tbe principal buyers of this wool are manufacturers and speculators, who bay through bro who have agents in all the principal i ' towns and cities. The next staple production of the State ts wheat, moet of Twink atiar 1g manufactured into four, finds @ market in New York or ‘The Inanw/actures of Mi ‘fre quite limited, and chiefly for home consumption. principal cities and towns in the State are Detroit, Ypsilanu, Ann Arbor (where the State University is located) , Jackson, Kalamazoo, Grand Rapids, and Sdrian. Perhaps no town in the State presents so many attractions a8 Kalamazoo, and it has been truly called the “Gem of Michigan.”’ The State Lunatic Asylum, and several institutions of learning, are located here. Upon the execution of old Joha Brown, the people of Kalamazoo fired one hundred guns in token of their ap Pproval of the justice of the sentence. VIRGINIA. OUR RICHMOND CORRESPONDENCE. Ricsxonp, Va., Jan, 17, 1860. Interview with the Hon. Mr. Memminger—His Virws as to What Should be the Future Policy of the South— Virginia Deermined to Put Herself in a Slate of Defence—The Prospects of Summer Travel to the North—The Proprictors Of the Virginia Springs Rejoicing at the Bright Prospects Before Tiem—Odliteration of Pariy Line ia Viryinia— The Heratd in the House of Delegates To. Doy, de. @. I bad the honor of’a Drief interview to day, at the Exobange Hotel, with the Hon. C. G. Memminger, the Commissioner from South Carolina. I sovght it with a ‘view to ascertain in advance the character o! the views which he would present in his address to the Legislature on Thureday next. He evidently came without detortoin- ing the points of his addrees, his object beg to await consultation with the leading Virginia authorities, and as- certain what are their views as to the future policy which the South should pursue. There are, however, some pa- remount points of policy, of the wisdom of which he seems convinced. He favors strongly a Southern Con- ‘vention, with a view to joint action in whatever may be done; nor does ho favor this in any disunion spirit, but upoa the general principle that union is strength. Big re- gards upion of the South as indispersab!s, whether to- wards scouring rights witbin or efficient action without the federal Union, Even for the prelimiaary movo- wents necessary to effect disupion, if such shold be forced upon the South, he esteemed this policy essential, because, after all, if such a movement was deemed expe- dient, it vould only have force wad efficiency by the joint action of the Soutbern States. He referred to the disad- vantage of a premature secession of Miseiseipp! or any other Southern State upon some issue not deemed suff cient to justify euch astep by her sister States of the South, and observed that sympathy or some other such motive may lead the others to follow one by one, thus de stroying the great moral prestige which the movement would derive from concert of action. This consequence would be averted by a union of the South. There was another connection in which he regarded this unity as of aavantage. It would by its influence awaken to efficient action any fraternal feeling existing at the North, and thin he esteemed not the feast important consideration in con nection with this union of the South. That last hope of the South—that legislative balance of power—the United States Ser was lost, and he looked to this fraternal feeling at North to supp!y its place to some extent. If rotection is not had through that, them there was no ope for it, and he favored this union of the Soutn be- cause, among 0 her good results which it would produce, it would arouge this spirit of fraternity at the North, which was, in a mora! point of view, Wo discharge towards the South the functions which the United States Senate dia- charged ey. ‘There was another aspect in which he Southern unity as important. It would stay aggression by givivg an assurance that there existed a suflicient power to resist it if made. In order to illustrate the idea, he referred to France and England, whose rela- tions, he said, were most peaceful when both were best Prepared to meet each other. In short, whether to pro- mote the existing Union, or prepare for disunion, if such were deemed indispensable, he looked upon a perfect union of the South as her best policy, and with that view would recommend a convention of all the Southern States. Virginia is determined to put herself in a proper state of defence at easy every hazard. Before this reaches you a bill wili bave passed both houres of the Legisiature, appropriating $500,000 for that purpose. It has already passed the House almost unanimously, there being only two votes a it; and to-day it was under considera- tion in the Senate, and will undoubtedly pass, There is one strange peculiarity in Virginia, which applies alike to her elections, as to matters concerning her State prite, or to the developement of her military power; and that is, that she must be aroused. ‘The provocation must be given, and when itis, woe to the enemy. At elections characterized by the absence of excitement scarcely halt her vote is polled; but on great occasions like ’65, with a Wise to arouge her, one of her eons would ride one hun dred miles on horseback, over an almost impassable mountain road to record his vote. Neither hail, snow nor rain will deter him, and there are hundreds of io- stances in which meu prostrated from sicknes® Mave in- sisted cn being carried out of their beds to Me polls. This ts the sort of feeling which now animates her in ber noble purpotes to set hostility at defiance. T have taken some pains recently to ascertain what are the prospects of summer travel to the North when that season comes round. I bave questioned several Southern op oa upon the subject, and they all agree that it wil! scaroely perceptible. ‘The proportion laid down by some gentlemen from the extreme Southern States, with whom I have conversed upon tue subject, is, one to one thousand of the number that heretofore frequented the North. As an instance of the feeling in this regard, I will state that a young couple about to enter into the mar- riage state in this sity have agreed to make their bridal tour South instead of North, contrary to the custom: which bas univereally prevailed in thi region heretofore. This change will involve a loss of milliors aunually to the North. The hotel keepers, as well as the various classes of dealers and the railroads, will, 1 have no doubt, fee! the drawback very seriously. Iam informed to-day that some of the proprietors of the leading springs of Virginia, who bave recently visited this city, are bpd at the bright prospects which await them from this change in the current of travel. Indeed, many of them, as I understand, contemplate enlarging the accommodations at their springs to meet the increased requirements which will re- sultfrom this change of choice. The registries of the Astor House and the St. Nicholas, Saratoga and Newport will prove to be living monuments of John Brown's folly, Helper’s treachory, and Seward’s villainy. For the first time in the history of Virginia, party lines are altogether obliterated in her Legislative Assembly. Nothing remotely indicating party distinction has trans- pirea come the present ression of the islature. I was amt t the caucus of the democratic Senators and members called to fix a day for the State Convention, on witnessing the difficulty encountered by the Clerk of ‘the Hovse, Wm. F. Gordon, Jr., Eaq., who acted as secretary, to distinguish democrat from oppositionist in calling the roll to ascertain if a quorum was present. He was aided by two of the oldest members of cach body, and I doubt, notwithstanding, whether they succeeded in fixing the Political status Of the body in detail. This result is, of course, due to Brown, Helper and Seward. In the House of Delegates to-day, Mr. H. M. Hanly, of Mason county, presented the proceedings of a meeting on the Harper’s Ferry outrages, beld in bis county a few days ago. The proceedings were read from proof sheets furnished by some paper in the county, and were very ultra in their character. The House listened attentively to the reading, which occupied some twenty minutes, and after the last resolution was read the report wound up with @ request that the Richmond Enquirer, some one or two other papers, and the New York Herat, would Please copy. A hearty laugh followed. MISSISSIPPI. FROM A MERCANTILE HOUSE IN MISSISSIPPI TO THEIR AGENT IN NEW YORK. The foflowmg extract is taken verbatim froma letter now in our possession in this oflice, and is another atom to Swell the great aggregate of proof of the determination of the South to cut off all intercourse with the republican fanaticism in whatever form it may exist in the North. The forepart of the letter contains private business com- munications, which we do not publish. The following extract is the conclusion of the letter:— I have a request to make of you, which I want you to strictly comply with. That is, not to purchase for me a dollar’s worth from any known abolitionist, or from any one about whom there is any doubt as to his position on ‘that question. But select such men as openly advocate the rights of the South under the constitution and the en- dorsement of the Fugitive Siave law as it passed Congress and now exists: If you cannot find such men in New York, with whom it would be desirable to do business, then T shall look elsewhere for my supplies. A MISSISSIPPIAN. SENTIMENT OF CANADA ABOUT THE JOHN BROWN RAID. OUR MONTREAL CORRESPONDENCE. Montreat, Jan. 16, 1860. Jt shall not only involve the Northern States, but England* ** Let her make Canada the centre of a provisions! government tor mea of this class — from Governor Wise's speech to the Southern medical students ) ‘With no desire to-defend England from the imputations thus thrown on her by the Governor of Virginia, I pur- pose in the following to give (as far as a not very search- ing examination will allow) a few particulars concerning the general sentiment of the people of Canada on the John Brown raid, the sentiment and feeling of the white people towards the negroes, and a few statistics, necessarily in- accurate, since the last census was taken in 1851, Tpremiee by saying that none of the great incidents or tur- moiis,call them what you will,of your republic have created euch deep-felt excitement in this province as the Harper's Ferry insurrection. Its outbreak was at first doubted by many—fow could believe it; but when subsequent de- spatches confirmed the few particulars that had been re received, all but the moat fervent enthusiasts conjectared its speedy suppression, Knowing the resources of the South and the many sympathizers at the North, it is here thought impossible for any servile insurrection to succeed, unless backed by the whole power of the North. The educated clasges, as a rule, sympathize with the slave, but approve not of the hand raised against the oppressor; rather, ay they, follow the example of England and eman: cipate the slave by bard gold pieces, not raise the slave in insurrection against the white brother of the emaaci- ator, not diaturb the social system founded upon the crest of centuries, but gradually bring outside pressure in the form of free labor and intelligence to bear against a evetem that even the prejudiced Southerner knows at heart to be wrong. Demagogues and potbouse orators of this clime, however, entertain a different opinion. Lod on by preju- dice anda desire for notoriety which even this theme ‘will not here give them, they call out loudly for the im mediate suppression of’ the “institntion,’? and confound the Southerner with hard names—“‘oppreseor,” “nigger driver,”’ “tyrant,” are not the least of their epithets; and oblivious to the fact that the sudden forcible downfall of the “institution” would also tumble millions of their white brethren into the gutter, and foroe them to give the kiss of brotherhood to arace that even the demagogues rogard as their inferiors, low as they are, they say, with mighty trumpeting, “(men are born equal, all have equal! Tights, which the South mast not trample under foot.’’ The emgma._is as yet not solved; J will not attempt the task, but believe, as many here who do not admit tne in- feriority of the African race or hoid it in contempt, thet no foree that the abolitionists can bring to bear will intimi- date the South into giving up her domestic institutions. The sickness will bring its own cure. Free labor, foreign cotton fielés, machinery, anc other causes, say they, are destined to bring about a change, that to far seeing men denotes an entire revolution in labor, and consequent free- dom to the slave. Ae in the Union, the people of Canada read with doop in terest the law proceedings that followed on the arrest of Brown ani his associates, and but one sentinent was en- tertained (if the press is taken as an indication of pub- lic sentiment), that rightly was he placed atthe bar on tharge of treason to the sovereign State of Virginia “with ail its accompaniments of murder, arson and outrage.”* But the animus, it is said, should have palliated the LETTER and condemned to death, had not aied the death of soldiers fighting their way to freed ‘at Miesilonghi.”* iom, ‘‘ like the Grecks facrifieed human life without foretbought can see, of ret redressing the wrongs or (rgetog the oppresset— just fete his life.’” 0 Another paper published im this city, a highly religions one, after commenting n the principle that Jed the ritaus of eld to combat the vices of their age, claimed mn a8 the embodiment of puritanism, and enun- ciated the followinyg:—Clt was not, therefore, surt that the Puritan race thronghout the Union should look on With intense sympathy, when their representative man was hanged by the ucecendants of the Cavaliers—de- scendants who havo preserved not only the good quali- tice of their predecessors, but all their faults and aristo cratic propensities. * * # # Ag the old conflict of the Reformation appears to be renewed in our days in the religious world, 80 the old conflict of freedom and slavery, which, 80 far a8 England is concerned, began at Runny- mede and ended at Marston Moor, or perhups, more pro- rly speaking. at Boyne Water, is ronewed again in Norih America.’? Had I space I could fill columns with like extracts from tbe provincial press. I give the above as the sentiments of the most prominent, not apeaking of the ultraists who argued that Virginia committed murder by Brown, and that his attempt to raise @ servile war was justated by the conduct of the Southerners. As you have already been informod, prayor meetings for Joha Browa were held throughout tho Province on the memorable 2d of December. They were almost with. out exception got up by the colored people, aud were well attended, At that held in this city resolutions expression; condolence with his bereaved family were passed, collections were taken up. Among other resolutions passed, one was for the foundation of an anti-slavery so- ciety. ne of the speakers, a clergyman, is r to have said—“ They knew, and the world knew, not. withstanding the verdict of « Virginia jury, and the judg- ment of a Virginia judge, John Brown was no mate- factor. He was a man of felth-a man who gave up his life i ff a sm after disoursing at upon theme, thatof Brown it might be said, as of Algernon Sydney, who died during one of tho most trying and pe. riods of British history—~ He nobly acted what he nebly ‘And sealed by death the lessona which he taught. About ten days ago this speaker, at the conclusion of ‘the services in his‘church, was presented with a splendid” ly bound copy of the Scriptures by the colored people city, for his services in the cause of liberty. ‘The colored people, ag a rule, are here looked on as in feriors, though in the eyes of the law they are civilly and. politically our equals. “There is no bar, as in all British poeressicus, to their advancement to the highest position ‘under the crown; but, as everywhere, society cries out against their color, and says, thus far you shall go and no hal De jure they are our equals, but de facto they inferiora. n is a land entirely unsuited to the negro race; its clime's is too cold, and it is a country affording but a very limited supply of employment for which they are by nature titea; for this reason is the African population congregated ip the cities of this Province. Scarce a colored farmer is to be seen throughout its extent. From the Gulf of St. Lawrenee to Lake Superior is he found as waiter, barber, tavern keeper and other situations wherein lapor by ‘‘the sweat of the brow” is net. Aga writer in this city well remarks, the negro, in capability for mental improvement and adaptability to all the refinements of civilization, is interior to none in the world, and suyerior to mauy, but he is defective ia the degged persovera: of the Saxon, the steady application to labor, and the habits of ecouomy and ambition to increase property wit which it is associated. From this he argucd, thot no greater error could have been committed than tg facrm ia this country settlentents of Africans, alone, not only for reasons of which I will give an outline, but because des titute settiers of auy race, for the first years of 1 10- cation, depend in a large degree on the work they caa obtain from those wealthier or more advanced than them- selves to make a living. He says:— ‘We have. on several previous occasiors, called attention to the growing difcultv acd T of the rapidly insreasing pegro population of Canada, * * * These difficulties and dangersare of (wo kinde—those arising from the tntroduction of an element of ulation fused and chance, 80 far as which cannot be Ant with the maga, butmust remain distinct, inferior and crotiching, then trri- tated and and 0 wl unreaten us from. ‘from the gradual accumulation within our borders of a power inimical to the existence of slavery in the United States, and constantly threatening it with servile insurrection. ing of the great increase in the colored population wil the last few years, and the expected influx of the free negroes driven from the Southern States by the Legislatures, under pain of compulsory servitude, he pro. ceeds to ray, after conjecturing what effect this great influx will have upon the province generally :— Let it he generally understood that we im no respect grudge eye ny te re rp mene were ry n our ou Dot consent to abridge in the smallest ‘aegreo the right of free ona arei rear me apees api epee ep ay them; but we desire to invite public attention to the fact that as we now count this element of the population by tens of thousands, before many years are over it will be numbered by bundreds of thousands; and to thie other fact, that while the difficulty is now within enoable of being deal: ‘with, then it will have too large for ordinary remedies. Tt needs no argument to show that trae home of the Afri- can is wit! tropics; and that among our snows he is as much out of place as the Prropess, laborer would be under a vertical sun. ‘The remedy thst su; itself {ga system of em ‘which shall transplant him copgenia} climate, to occnpations for which be is better fitted, and toa destiny more bopeful than he can obtain bere. In India, ss a mil at. cotenien, @ useful, honorable apd profitable eareer might be teund for him; and the cost would be well repaid by the of 8 ferce thoroughly reliable in war and tracts- bie in peace. Such are the salient points of an article which deserves attention at the hands of the Canadian and British govern- ments. Maybe that it is propheticof the future. There is no doubt thatthe greatiy increasing numbers of the colored population of Western Canada will bring about Athe contingency that the writer of the article pst quoted seems to fear. I lately saw in a Southern paper a statement that the negroes in Canadagwere over 150,000. Now, in 1851 their number was only 8,000, and last year the most reliable authorities placed the number st 45,000, an increase of 37,000 in eight years, with an annual increase of 1,200 from the free and slave States. This alone includes Cana- da West. In the lower province there may be 2,000 to 8,000, of whom the majority reside in this city and neigh- borhood. To this must be added the annual increase by oh mda op of African population in Canada West is . The neighboring cities of London, Hamilton and Toronto also contain a greatnumber. They live, I am informed, on good terms with the whites, but are not very industrious. Last summer the government of Jamaica despatched an agent to Canada to induce the ne- groes to emigrate to that colony, offering them a free pas- sage and certain employment on their arrival. The at- tempt failed from want of confidence in the person pur- to be the agent. It was insinuated that he ‘was sche! to entrap them back to the slave States, and the people, at mectings held at Chatham, London and other » Tejected his offers, and the project fell NEWSPAPER ACCOUNTS. THE NEGRO DISTURBANCE AT CHATHAM—OONTINUED EXCITEMENT—THE NEGROES THREATEN TO BURN TEE TOWN—THE WHITES ARMING FOR DEFENCE. [From the Detroit Free Press, Jan. 20.} The neighboring province continues to be the theatre of alarms and disturbances, occasioned by the overbearing ingolence of the blacks, who seem to have a general or- ganizatioh throughout the western portion of Canada, and Wo act in perfect concert and with considerable success in their ontrageons proceedings. Tho affair at Chatham was but a more violent and public demonstration, assimilating in character and purpose to those noticed in other locali- ties. Nor is the ena yet reached. The negroes on the occasion alluded to improved the event of the inauguration of a new manicipal government for the purposo of carrying on their work of intimida- tion. They were met. as they could only be met, by a Promise that their claims should be considered. After waiting a day or two for somo action to be taken, they again attempted to gain possession of the schools. They were, however, persuaded that sufficiont time had not been aliowed for the authorities to mature plans for the satisfaction of their grievances. They therefore de- sisted, though threatening violent measures should prompt action of the right kind not be taken. They now threaten that if any distinctions of color are suffered to exist in apy department of the public aifairs, they will burn the town, This threat has been made before when disturbances bave arigen, but as the present scoms to be @ more gene ral organization, and as they manifest a greater determ:- bation than ever before, the whites are becoming very generally alarmed. Iefters received from there yester day state that the town {a in a general fever of excite- ment. The dlacks parade the streets in squads, abusing and insulting the whites, frequently resorting to violence. Nor is their violence confined to the males. Females when met upon the sidewalks are roughly pushed. Into the gutters to, give "place for | the Jack ruffians, and the authorities of the town discreetly keep out of the streets at night for fear of per- sonal injur7. In fact, the police magistrate, a short time since, was firod upon when passing along the sidewalk after dark. These outri ad many others that are of daily occurrence, indicate @ fearful state of things, and may well alarm the white citizens. A respectable gentle- man, who has long resided in Chatham, anda who is wel! acquainted with the. disposition of these outlaws, writes that the citizens are arming themselves for defence, and says, ‘There is some talk of raising a rifle company. The niggers say they will burn the town up. If shat is so, it is ti ipg was donc. Ihave no doubt we shall have some trouble yet with them this winter.” The negroes are led on in this crusade against the whites by two notorious persons of their own color, named J. D. Shadd and J. C. Brown, both of whom figured conspicuously in the celebrated * Provisional Government” affair of Old John Brown, which, it will be remembered, was organized at Chatham. Shadd conducts a paper at Chatham, the sole object of which is to advanee the interests of the fagi- tives. Itis nota pezing concern, but is supported by contributions of abolitionists of this country and of Cana- da. It is used as an engine for the embitterment of the Diacks against the whites, and teems with articics evincing the extreme hatred this fellow entertains against the white race. With such literature induatriously circulated among the excitable negroes, and with such leaders, it is not at all surprising that they are prepared to enact an; deeds of violence to which they may be sent. With suc! a condition of affuirs it is not surprising that citizens anti- ‘The only sur- strength and commence a war of againat hese ives. THE FOREIGN COMMERCE OF CHARLESTON. inaclamatoencl Miapmigareesnente oto tore e yearly summary foreign. commeree of the United States collection district of Charies- ton, which was published in the comprehensive tables of the Mercury of yesterday, affords a field for a few profita- ble redections. England deals more largely in our commerce than any other Power. She purchased last year our lumber, naval stores, rice, cotton, corn and flour, to the amount of al- most eleven millions and a half of dollars. her nearly toan —s ‘Of trade | Bremen, in our far With no other countries or ports did our trade half a million of dollars,ana we leave them to sideration of such as bave carefully observed the ‘The foreign cotton trade of this port absorbs entire annual exports, all others only barely million and a half; yet, large as it is, the the exports of last year {9 & million and was the year previous. Twelve countries part the cotton trade of Charleston, viz. :—England ¥/ France, Bremen, Russia, Holland, Scotland, Hat: Sweden and Norway, Ireland, Sardinia and Jand alone receives two thiras of the cotted(’ from Charleston. E'ght countries purchased naval stores at this $4 ha | e past year. ae taking six sevenths, w exportation. 6 other countrics, Scotiand the only one who received over ten thousand dollars worth. The imcreage of the past year,in the exports of naval stores from this port, over those of the year pre- vious, was over sixty per cent. Fifteen countries purchased rice at this port during the Past year, Cuba taking five-twelfths ‘hole tion; Engiand took almost two-twe! twenty-‘ourths. The ports of portation; crease of the psst cy port, over theee of the Pee eeteta of fo and from ur and corn port year bave fallen off eighty per cent frogs oe oun ven, -To what this a ae) attributed we . both items together do not iy quite amount Rouen ceca pean] ee which losa is in the item of cotton. PROPOSED 001 OF SOUTHERN The my resolutions to int Ce to confer with other Commissioners te Jation to commercial non-intercourse with the States, will, says the Baton Bouse. (Lav) Gazette Comet, be presented to the Legislature of Lor Dr. E. Delovy, Senator from Fast Feliciana:— 1, Be it revolve, by the Senate and House of BI sentatives of the State of Louisiana, in General A convened, That before the adjournment of the session of the Legislature, it shall proceed to ele] joint dailot of both houses, six Commissioners, 0. whom shall reside in each of the present Cong districts of the Sia a two from the State, 'y it shall be to m*et in conterence with sionere whe may be appointed from otber siat Siete, with the view of devising end setting upon, form policy and measures of commercial non-interca with tbe Northern States, to be submitted to the Legis tures of the several siavebolding States for their jo adoption 2, Be it further reaolved, &c. , That sald Commi sppolnted under the provisions of the foregoing rei , hall meet si other Commissioners as may pointed by the authorities of other slaveholding g and shail proceed to discharge the duties of thei mirsion. Provided, a majority of she slavobolding are duly ae | be required to report ite, decisi. Governor of the State, who shall lay the same be next succeeding Legislature. balk vanlsees amnesia anaes al wi same and per. each, as are allowed the members of the ei during their actual attendance on said confe the State Treasurer is hereby required to pay upon the warrant of each of the said Commission 4. Be it furtoor resolved, &e., That the city of in Georgia, ia supgested as the ‘piace for the saia Copierence, and the 26th day of June unless longer delayed, for the co- States, aud that immediate): resolutions, the Governor toeach of the States. THE REACTION IN MICHIGAN, i An election for Mayor, &c., held in Huron city, Michi gan, having resulted in the total route of the republicans, the Port Huron Commercial of the 12th inst., says :— %, It is thus our people have rebuked the John Brown fa- natics. It is th ey have rebuked the factions spirit now being exhi in Congress by the leaders of the re- publican party. - THE SLAVE TRADE. 2 ‘The Florida Key of the Gulf announces that Maflit, United States Navy, was recently at ‘West. Lieutenant Maffitt was in of that possession Captain Townsend, of the Echo, was about starting again for the coust of Africa for a cargo of slaves, and that he ‘was to sail from Havana. NON-INTBRCOURSE. One of the largest cattle raisers in who has heretofore sent his stock North, has determined nevor to drive another head of cattle outof Virginia, and to make | Richmond his, principal sales result of i place. it resolution will be that Richmond will be the best ie Stee PO, in the South, and as good as apy at the ‘The Maryland Senate have passed resolutions re a ve jut the Maryland representatives in Congress to piwe3 eteps a8 are necessary to call upon the government gotiate a treaty with Great Britain for the restorat/ siave roperty'belonging to American citizens that found in her provinoes. WHIPPING FREE NEGROES IN MISSOU Geo. Alexander, John F. Williams, Charles Jo a Harris, were fined and committed ‘unable to establish any right to reside in the State, ypett moved that the County Marshal be structed to inflict ten lashes to each of said negroes, and that then they ischarged from jail and ordered te quit the State u detained for crime. Upon which Motion & vote was taken and resulted: Ayes 8, nays 3. The President decided the motion lost. FUNERAL OF A SLAVE. [From She Fredericksburg (Va.) Herald, Jan. 16] 0 ‘The funeral of Armistead Walker, the servant death we announced on Saturday, took place on S afternoon, the Sth inst. Although the day between eight hundred and a thousand ‘ were in attendance, as also three or four hundred including a large number of ladies. Services took in the African Baptist church. The discourse preached by Noah Davis, (colored) of Baltmmore, fop ly of this place, and for years an intimate asson Armietead’s in religious work among those of ¢* iw color, The sermon was vremarkab! ¥ listened to with great attention by whites Had the day been fair several thousand col ‘would doubtless have been in attendance, more whites, for Armistead was not simply highly esteemed for the many sterling qi shone conspicuously in his every day life. Lynch Law in Natchez, Miss. A MAN HUNG FOR AN ATTAMPT TO COMMIT A CRIME, {From the Natchez (Miss.) Courier, Jaa 12. On Saturday lasts and ‘infamous insult was of- fered to a young phild, somewhere near twelve Pele age, 2 daughter of one of our most respected fellow zens. This assault was in open day, upon one of o quented streets, and of the most aggravated ch aroused the sympathy of all claases for the y« her famity ; and hot pursuit was at once iixto BY every good citizen to arrest the scoundrel. A p ‘the name of Charles Smeltzer was afterwards the one to whom the villainy should attach. made his way to Vidalia, but he was pursued by of citizens. Here he slipped his pursuers, and a: to escape by Caen 4 again to Natchez. In this not successful. At the Natchez Landing he was 1 frgp pom of citizens, when they secured and log, in jail. On Tuesday an incensed community took thes their own hands, and executed summary proceedit Smeltzer. He refused to have an examination of on Tuesday morning before a Justice of the Peacs, ring to go at once before the Grand Jury aud abid decision. This but aroused the populace more © against the tae ee on that evening the jail seized and fast, his keys to the prison ceils from him by persons in masks and unknown, carried from the jail te the Court House yard, and hung until he was dead. ® In the execution of this man we learn that ‘was conducted with a quiet and order seldom nessed. It occurred at eight o’clock in the ‘Dody was cut down about ten, and deposited in room in the rear of the guard house, where + ‘was held yesterday morning. Smeltzer claimed to be a nutive of Louisiana, about forty or forty-five years of age. 8 +e» 60,917 S There were sem during the quarter 216 p foreign closed mail, and aiso, during Dei letter matter from Chicago and Cincinnatl, for California, and not included m eS C3 Letters received during pew “ “